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TABLE OF CONTENTS 2
EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
Table of Contents

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
 WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K

			
(Mark One)	 	 	
ý	 	ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934	
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013	
OR	
o	 	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934	
For the transition period from                        to                       	
Commission File Number 001-32622
GLOBAL CASH ACCESS HOLDINGS, INC.
 (Exact name of Registrant as specified in our charter)

Delaware 
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)	 	20-0723270 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number)	

 7250 S. Tenaya Way, Suite 100, Las Vegas, Nevada 89113 
(Address of principal executive offices including Zip code)	
(800) 833-7110 
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class	 	Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered	
Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share	 	New York Stock Exchange	
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. YES  o     NO  ý
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act. YES  o     NO  ý
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES  ý     NO  o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes  ý     No  o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ý
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of "accelerated filer," "large accelerated filer" and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

							
Large accelerated filer  o	 	Accelerated filer  ý	 	Non-accelerated filer  o
 (Do not check if a
smaller reporting company)	 	Smaller reporting company  o	
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). YES  o     NO  ý
As of June 30, 2013, the aggregate market value of the registrant's common stock held by non-affiliates was approximately $422.1 million. There were 65,723,527 shares of the registrant's common stock issued and outstanding as of the close of business on February 28, 2014.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the registrant's definitive Proxy Statement for its 2014 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on May 15, 2014 are incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K in response to Part III, Items 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14. Except as expressly incorporated by reference, the registrant's Proxy Statement shall not be deemed to be a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Table of Contents

 GLOBAL CASH ACCESS HOLDINGS, INC.

ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K
FOR FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2013

TABLE OF CONTENTS

					
Part I	 	
Item 1: Business	 	 	
4	 	
Item 1A: Risk Factors	 	 	
19	 	
Item 1B: Unresolved Staff Comments	 	 	
37	 	
Item 2: Properties	 	 	
37	 	
Item 3: Legal Proceedings	 	 	
37	 	
Item 4: Mine Safety Disclosures	 	 	
37	 	
Part II	 	
Item 5: Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities	 	 	
38	 	
Item 6: Selected Financial Data	 	 	
41	 	
Item 7: Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	 	 	
43	 	
Item 7A: Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	 	 	
56	 	
Item 8: Financial Statements and Supplementary Data	 	 	
57	 	
Item 9: Changes in Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosures	 	 	
87	 	
Item 9A: Controls and Procedures	 	 	
87	 	
Item 9B: Other Information	 	 	
89	 	
Part III See Annual Proxy Statement	 	
Part IV	 	
Item 15: Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules	 	 	
90	 	
Signatures	 	 	
96	 	
Exhibit 21.1	 	 	
 	 	
Exhibit 23.1	 	 	 	 	
Exhibit 31.1	 	 	 	 	
Exhibit 31.2	 	 	 	 	
Exhibit 32.1	 	 	 	 	
Exhibit 32.2	 	 	 	 	
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 PART I

CAUTIONARY NOTICE REGARDING
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Global Cash Access Holdings, Inc. is a holding company, the principal asset of which is the capital stock of Global Cash Access, Inc. ("GCA"). Unless otherwise indicated, the terms "the Company," "we," "us" and "our" refer to Global Cash Access Holdings, Inc. together with its consolidated subsidiaries and the term "Holdings" refers to Global Cash Access Holdings, Inc. individually.
We believe that it is important to communicate our plans and expectations about the future to our stockholders and to the public. Some of the statements we use in this report, and in some of the documents we incorporate by reference in this report, contain forward-looking statements concerning our business operations, economic performance and financial condition, including in particular: our business strategy and means to implement the strategy; the amount of future results of operations, such as revenue, certain expenses, operating margins, income tax rates, shares outstanding, capital expenditures, operating metrics, and earnings per share; our success and our timing in developing and introducing new products or services and expanding our business; and the successful integration of future acquisitions. You can sometimes identify forward-looking statements by our use of the words "believes," "anticipates," "expects," "intends," "plan," "forecast," "guidance" and similar expressions. For these statements, we claim the protection of the safe harbor for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.
Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding the following matters: trends in gaming establishment and patron usage of our products; benefits realized by using our products; product development and regulatory approval; gaming regulatory, card association and statutory compliance; the implementation of new or amended card association and payment network rules; consumer collection activities; future competition; future tax liabilities; international expansion; resolution of litigation; dividend policy; new customer contracts and contract renewals; future results of operations (including revenue, expenses, margins, earnings, cash flow and capital expenditures); future interest rates and interest expense; future borrowings; and future equity incentive activity and compensation expense.
These forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected or assumed, including but not limited to the following: the timing and the extent of a recovery in the gaming industry, if any; our ability to replace revenue associated with terminated contracts; margin degradation from contract renewals; our ability to introduce new products and services; our ability to execute on mergers, acquisitions and/or strategic alliances; gaming establishment and patron preferences; national and international economic conditions; changes in gaming regulatory, card association and statutory requirements; regulatory and licensing difficulties; competitive pressures; operational limitations; gaming market contraction; changes to tax laws; uncertainty of litigation outcomes; interest rate fluctuations; inaccuracies in underlying operating assumptions; unanticipated expenses or capital needs; technological obsolescence; and employee turnover. If any of these assumptions prove to be incorrect, the results contemplated by the forward-looking statements regarding our future results of operations are unlikely to be realized. Additional factors that could cause actual results to differ materially are included under the heading "Risk Factors." These factors include, but are not limited to, those set forth in Item 1A—Risk Factors of this report, those set forth elsewhere in this report and those set forth in our press releases, reports and other filings made with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). These cautionary statements qualify all of our forward-looking statements, and you are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements.
Our forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made and should not be relied upon as representing our plans and expectations as of any subsequent date. While we may elect to update or revise forward-looking statements at some time in the future, we specifically disclaim any obligation to publicly release the results of any revisions to our forward-looking statements.
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ITEM 1.    BUSINESS
Overview
We are a global provider of cash access services and related equipment and services to the gaming industry. Our products and services: (a) provide gaming establishment patrons access to cash through a variety of methods, including Automated Teller Machine ("ATM") cash withdrawals, credit card cash access transactions, point-of-sale ("POS") debit card transactions, check verification and warranty services and money transfers; (b) provide cash access devices and related services, such as slot machine ticket redemption and jackpot kiosks to the gaming industry; (c) provide products and services that improve credit decision-making, automate cashier operations and enhance patron marketing activities for gaming establishments; and (d) provide online payment processing solutions for gaming operators in states that offer intra-state Internet-based gaming and lottery activities.
Our principal executive offices are located at 7250 S. Tenaya Way, Suite 100, Las Vegas, Nevada 89113. Our telephone number is (800) 833-7110. Our Internet website address is http://www.gcainc.com . The information on our website is not part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K or our other filings with the SEC.
Our Business
Our cash access products and services enable three primary types of electronic payment transactions: ATM cash withdrawals, credit card cash access transactions and POS debit card transactions. Patrons can perform any of these three transactions at many of the Casino Cash Plus 3-in-1 ATMs and full service kiosks we operate; and patrons can perform credit card cash access transactions and POS debit card transactions at any of our QuikCash kiosks, all of which we own.
We provide check verification and warranty services to gaming establishments that cash patron checks and provide various marketing services and casino patron data services to many of our gaming establishment customers.
At some of our gaming establishment customers, we provide satellite cage and booth staffing services at which GCA employees cash patron checks and complete our cash access transactions; at all other gaming establishments, our cash access transactions are completed at the casino cage by the gaming establishment's employees or representatives.
We manufacture, sell and service cash access devices such as slot machine ticket redemption and jackpot kiosks to the gaming industry. These devices may be enabled to provide our cash access products and services. In general, our contracts with gaming establishments have an average term life of approximately three years.
We provide online payment processing services to gaming operators in states that offer intra-state, Internet-based gaming and lottery activities.
ATM Cash Withdrawals
ATM cash withdrawal transactions represent the largest category of electronic payment transactions that we process, as measured by dollar and transaction volume. In an ATM cash withdrawal, a patron directly accesses funds from a device enabled with our ATM service by either using an ATM or debit card to withdraw funds from his or her bank account or using a credit card to access his or her line of credit; in either event, the patron must use the Personal Identification Number ("PIN") associated with such card. Our processor then routes the transaction request through an electronic funds transfer ("EFT") network to the patron's bank or issuer. Depending upon a number of factors, including the patron's account balance or credit limit and daily withdrawal limit, the bank or issuer will either authorize or decline the transaction. If the transaction is authorized, then the ATM-enabled device dispenses the cash to the
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patron. For a transaction using an ATM or debit card, the patron's bank account is debited by the amount of cash disbursed plus a service fee that we assess the patron for the use of the ATM service. For a transaction using a credit card with a PIN, the patron's credit account is charged by the amount of the cash disbursed plus a service fee that we assess the patron for the use of the ATM service. The service fee is currently a fixed dollar amount and not a percentage of the transaction size. We also receive a fee, which we refer to as reverse interchange, from the patron's bank for accommodating the bank's customer. In most circumstances, we pay a percentage of the service fee that we receive from the patron, and in some circumstances, a portion of the reverse interchange fees we receive, as a commission to our gaming establishment customers for the right to operate on their premises.
Credit Card Cash Access and POS Debit Card Transactions
Patrons can also perform credit card cash access transactions and POS debit card transactions using many of our enabled devices. A patron's credit card cash access limit is usually a sub-limit of the total credit line and is set by the card-issuing bank. These limits vary significantly and can be larger or smaller than the POS debit limit. A credit card cash access transaction obligates the patron to repay the issuing bank over time on terms that are preset by the cardholder agreement. A patron's POS debit card allows the patron to make cash withdrawals at the point of sale in an amount equal to the lesser of the amount of funds in the account or a daily limit that is generally five to ten times as large as the patron's daily ATM limit.
When a patron requests a credit card cash access or POS debit card transaction, our processor routes the transaction request through one of the card associations (e.g., VISA USA (together with VISA International ("VISA") or MasterCard International ("MasterCard")) or EFT networks (e.g., Star, Interlink or Shazam) to the issuing bank. Depending upon several factors, such as the available credit or bank account balance, the transaction is either authorized or declined by the issuing bank. If authorized, the patron's bank account is debited or their credit card balance is increased, in both cases, by an amount equal to the funds requested plus a service fee that we charge the patron. The service fee is a fixed dollar amount, a percentage of the transaction size or a combination of a fixed dollar amount and percentage of the transaction size. If the transaction is authorized, the device informs the patron that the transaction has been approved. The device instructs the patron to proceed to the gaming establishment's cashier, or GCA-operated booth, to complete the transaction because credit card cash access and POS debit card transactions must, in most circumstances, be completed in face-to-face environments and a unique signature must be received in order to comply with rules of the card associations. Once at the cashier booth, the patron acknowledges acceptance of the fee. We reimburse the gaming establishment for the amount of cash that it provided to the patron by either issuing a negotiable instrument to the gaming establishment or paying the gaming establishment via wire transfer or other similar form of electronic payment. In addition, we generally pay the gaming establishment a portion of the service fee as a commission for the right to operate on their premises, although this payment as a percentage of the fee is generally smaller for credit card cash access and POS debit card transactions than for ATM withdrawals. In addition, we are obligated to pay interchange fees to the issuing bank and processing costs related to the electronic payment transaction.
Check Verification and Warranty Services
Patrons may be able to cash checks at gaming establishments to fund their gaming play. When a patron presents a check to the cashier, the gaming establishment can accept or deny the transaction based on its own customer information and at its own risk; obtain third-party verification information about the check writer and the check to manage its risk; or obtain a warranty on payment of the check which entitles the gaming establishment to reimbursement of the full face amount of the check if it is dishonored.
There are a number of check verification services. One such service we provide is through a subscription service to the database operated by our subsidiary, Central Credit, LLC ("Central Credit") which, as
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discussed below, is used by gaming establishments to make credit issuing decisions. Central Credit maintains information on the check cashing and credit history of many gaming establishment patrons.
If a gaming establishment chooses to have a check warranted, it sends a request to a check warranty service provider, asking whether it would be willing to accept the risk of cashing the check. If the check warranty provider accepts the risk and warrants the check, the gaming establishment negotiates the patron's check by providing cash for the face amount of the check. If the check is dishonored by the patron's bank upon presentment, the gaming establishment invokes the warranty, and the check warranty service provider purchases the check from the gaming establishment for the full check amount and then pursues collection activities on its own.
We currently provide check warranty services through a third party check warranty service provider. Originally, we offered two platforms, but in 2012 and 2013, we migrated everything to a single third party provider. We use, and pay this third party to assist us with the warranty decision, check processing and collection activities. We charge our gaming establishment customers a fee for our check warranty services, which is typically a percentage of the face amount of the check being warranted. In our Warranty product and under our agreement with the third party check warranty service provider, we receive all of the check warranty revenue. We are exposed to risk for the losses associated with any warranted items that cannot be collected from patrons issuing the items. Warranty expenses are defined as any amounts paid by the third party provider to gaming establishments to purchase dishonored checks that will not be collectible from patrons. Additionally, we pay certain fees and operating expenses to our third party provider related to the provision of these services.
Central Credit
Gaming establishment patrons may be able to choose to access funds through credit extended by the gaming establishment. Central Credit is a gaming patron credit bureau specifically designed for the gaming industry to allow gaming establishments to improve their credit-granting decisions. Our Central Credit database contains gaming patron credit history and transaction data on gaming patrons. Our gaming credit reports are comprised of information recorded from patron credit histories at hundreds of gaming establishments. We provide such information to gaming establishments that subscribe to the service, which use that data, among other things, to determine how much credit, if any, they will grant to a gaming patron. At a gaming establishment's request, we can augment the information provided in our gaming credit reports with traditional credit reports or bank ratings provided by third-party consumer credit bureaus and bank reporting agencies. We typically charge our customers for access to gaming patron credit reports on a monthly basis and our fees are generally comprised of a fixed minimum fee plus per-transaction charges for certain requests.
Equipment Sales and Service
We sell cash access devices such as slot machine ticket redemption and jackpot kiosks, which may be enabled with our cash access services; and we provide certain professional services, software licensing, and certain other ancillary services associated with the sale, installation and maintenance of those devices.
everi™ Product Suite
We provide online payment processing solutions for gaming operators in states that offer intra-state, Internet-based gaming and lottery activities.
Several states have passed implementing legislation and/or regulations to allow certain intra-state, wager-based, online casino or lottery games such as online poker and lottery ticket purchases. These legislative efforts are partially based on the United States Department of Justice's interpretation in late 2011 that the prohibitions of the Wire Act are limited to sports-related wager-based online gaming activity. Although these states have adopted implementing legislation authorizing certain wager-based casino or lottery
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games, the legislative and regulatory environment surrounding online wager-based casino and lottery games in the United States remains uncertain and complex and it is unclear how the legislative and regulatory framework governing these activities will evolve in the future. However, in anticipation of this potentially significant opportunity in the online gaming sector, we acquired an exclusive license to an end-to-end payment, patron e-wallet and management solution from a leading independent wallet, analytics and media supplier for the social gaming space worldwide that we offer, and intend, to offer to operators of online wager-based casino and lottery games. The online payment processing solution combines our casino cash management products with our Partner's monetization and virtual currency solutions for the social and play-for-fun industry. The integrated solution, everi product suite, is designed to enable our customers to easily transition gaming activities from offline to online and back and is designed to allow operators to expand their player base, broaden feature functionality and maximize patron loyalty across the gaming enterprise. The everi product suite has initially been placed into service; however, there are additional phases of development still evolving to support the Internet gaming and lottery marketplaces.
Other
We market money transfer services that allow patrons to receive money transfers at gaming establishments and provide other information services that assist in automating cashier operations and enhancing patron marketing activities.
Our Products and Services
Our customer solutions consist of cash access products and services, information services and cashless gaming products.

			
Cash Access Products and Services 	 	Information Services	
•
Casino Cash Plus 3-in-1 ATM	 	•
Central Credit	
•
Check verification and warranty	 	•
QuikCash Plus Web and QCPXpress	
•
QuikCash Kiosk	 	•
QuikReports	
 	 	•
QuikMarketing and Casino Share Intelligence	
 	 	•
Xchange Xplorer	
 	 	•
Xchange Xplorer Plus	

			
Cash Handling and Access Equipment Sales and Services 	 	Internet Gaming Solution	
•
Full Service Slot Machine Ticket Redemption Kiosks	 	•
everi	
•
Jackpot Kiosks	 	 	
Cash Access Products and Services
We provide gaming establishments with the ability to enable their patrons to access cash through a variety of products and services.
Casino Cash Plus 3-in-1 ATM is an unmanned, cash-dispensing machine that offers patrons a quick way to access cash through ATM cash withdrawals, POS debit card transactions and credit card cash access transactions directly or using our patented 3-in-1 rollover functionality. Most financial institutions that issue ATM cards impose daily ATM withdrawal limits, and, in many instances, aggregate and count Friday, Saturday, and Sunday as one day for purposes of calculating a cardholder's daily ATM withdrawal limit. If a patron attempts to access more than the applicable ATM daily withdrawal limit, the ATM transaction may be declined. Our patented 3-in-1 rollover functionality allows a gaming patron to easily convert an unsuccessful ATM cash withdrawal transaction into a POS debit card transaction or a credit card cash access transaction. When a patron is denied a standard ATM transaction, our 3-in-1 rollover functionality automatically provides the option of obtaining funds via a POS debit card transaction or a credit card cash
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access transaction. For authorized ATM transactions, the Casino Cash Plus 3-in-1 ATM dispenses cash to the patron. For successful POS debit card transactions and credit card cash access transactions, once the transaction is authorized, the Casino Cash Plus 3-in-1 ATM instructs the patron to proceed to the casino cashier or GCA-operated booth, where the transaction is completed and cash is dispensed to the patron. In addition to our own ATMs, we have strategic alliances with other financial institutions and third parties pursuant to which we have incorporated our 3-in-1 rollover functionality into our strategic alliance partners' ATMs.
Check verification and warranty services allow gaming establishments to manage and reduce risk on patron checks that they cash. A gaming establishment can query our Central Credit database to review the check cashing history of a gaming establishment patron before deciding whether to cash the patron's check. If the gaming establishment desires additional protection against loss, it can seek a warranty on payment of the check. We have an exclusive relationship with a third party check warranty service provider to market check warranty services to gaming establishments.
QuikCash is the brand name of our stand-alone, non-ATM cash access kiosks. Our QuikCash kiosks are customer-activated terminals that provide patrons with access to credit card cash access and POS debit card transactions. Once the transaction is authorized, the patron is instructed to proceed to the casino cashier or GCA-operated booth, at which certain procedures are undertaken in accordance with the rules of the major card associations and cash is provided to the patron.
Cash Handling and Access Equipment Sales and Services
We sell and service specialty equipment to gaming establishments that enable their patrons to efficiently access cash in a self-service environment.
Full Service Slot Machine Ticket Redemption Kiosk is a multi-function patron kiosk, which may incorporate our 3-in-1 rollover functionality for cash access into a self-service kiosk for slot machine ticket redemption and bill breaking services provided by us or other redemption device manufacturers. When a patron presses the cash out button on a cashless slot machine, the patron receives the value of the paper slot ticket dispensed from a printer embedded in the slot machine. The ticket can then be inserted into other slot machines or exchanged for cash at a redemption device, whether ours or from another manufacturer. The availability of our cash access services on these slot ticket redemption devices provides us with additional points of contact with gaming patrons at locations that are closer to the slot machines than traditional cash access devices that are typically located on the periphery of the gaming area within the gaming establishment. These additional points of contact provide gaming patrons with more opportunities to access their cash with less cashier involvement, thereby creating labor cost savings for gaming establishments.
Jackpot Kiosk is a multi-function employee kiosk, which allows casino personnel to immediately process and dispense taxable jackpots in the form of cash, tickets or a combination of both. A taxable jackpot is a jackpot that exceeds local or federal limits and is thus taxable and results in the issuance of a W-2G or 1042-S. Typically, electronic gaming devices are configured so that they will not present a ticket to a patron when the winnings on the electronic gaming device exceed a programmed amount. Instead, a casino employee is required to facilitate payment to the patron through the casino cage or by use of an employee pouch. The jackpot kiosk automates and streamlines this process. GCA cash access services are not required on a jackpot kiosk.
Information Services
We market our information services to gaming establishments to assist in improving credit decision-making, automating cashier operations and enhancing patron marketing activities.
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Improve Credit Decision-Making
Central Credit is the leading gaming patron credit bureau that allows gaming establishments to improve their credit-granting decisions. Our Central Credit database contains decades of gaming patron credit history and transaction data on millions of gaming patrons. Our gaming credit reports are comprised of information recorded from patron experiences at hundreds of gaming establishments. We provide such information to gaming establishments, who use that data, for among other things, to determine if or how much credit they will grant to a patron. To allow gaming establishments to improve their credit-granting decisions, Central Credit offers a variety of tools to assist our customers in the underwriting of gaming patron credit requests. At a gaming establishment's request, we can augment the information provided in our gaming credit reports with traditional credit reports or bank ratings obtained from third-party consumer credit bureaus and bank reporting agencies.
Automated Cashier Operations
QuikCash Plus ("QCP") Web and QCPXpress are proprietary browser-based, full service cash access transaction processing systems for gaming establishment cashier operations that run on a gaming establishment's own computer hardware. Cashiers using QCP Web and QCPXpress can process credit card cash access transactions, POS debit card transactions, check verification and warranty services and money transfer services online through a single terminal. QCP Web and QCPXpress reduce cage operating complexity, improve transaction times, save space by eliminating multiple pieces of hardware and reduce training requirements for cage operators, potentially lowering operating costs for gaming establishments. QCP Web and QCPXpress are delivered as application services with customizable user interfaces that allow gaming establishments to add additional workstations by simply connecting them to the application server. In addition, QCP Web and QCPXpress can assist gaming establishments in satisfying legal reporting requirements by providing information that may assist gaming establishments in completing required regulatory reports such as Currency Transaction Reports ("CTRs") and Suspicious Activity Reports ("SARs").
Enhance Patron Marketing
Gaming establishment marketing professionals can use our patron marketing service to develop, implement and refine their customer loyalty programs. Since we have data on patron cash access activity across multiple gaming establishments, we are uniquely positioned to help an operator understand how much of a patron's cash access activity, in aggregate, is being completed in other gaming establishments in order to gauge the patron's loyalty to the gaming establishment.
QuikReports is a browser-based reporting tool that provides marketing professionals with real-time access to, and analysis of, information on patron cash access activity. We provide this information through a secure Internet connection at user-specified levels of detail ranging from aggregated summary information to individual cash access transactions. For example, an operator may use QuikReports to focus its marketing efforts on target patrons by generating a report of the patrons who accessed the greatest amounts of cash at the operator's gaming establishment during a specified period and comparing the amounts of cash accessed at the operator's gaming establishments with the aggregate amounts of cash accessed at other gaming establishments that are part of our network. A gaming establishment may also use QuikReports to monitor or analyze the cash access activities of its patrons to determine peak periods, the relative popularity of various cash access methods or the traffic volumes at particular cash access devices in particular locations.
QuikMarketing and Casino Share Intelligence are database services that allow us to query our proprietary patron transaction database using criteria supplied by the gaming establishment. The QuikMarketing database is generally used for player acquisition and can also be used for direct marketing, market share analysis and a variety of other patron promotional uses. Our proprietary patron transaction database
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includes information that is captured from transactions we process. Patrons may "opt out" of having their names included in QuikMarketing mailing lists.
Internet Gaming Solution
everi is an online payment processing solution for gaming operators in states that offer intra-state, Internet-based gaming and lottery activities.
Gaming Products and Services in Development
We continue to advance new product and service enhancements not yet marketed for our core cash access and Internet gaming platforms that continue to be in various stages of development, in connection with, but not limited to: QuikTicket, TableXchange and our everi product suite. QuikTicket is a product under development that allows a cash access transaction to be completed with a bar coded ticket in lieu of cash at an ATM or one of our full service kiosks. TableXchange is a device that connects table games to a casino's existing Ticket In Ticket Out ("TITO") network allowing for scanning and printing of TITO vouchers. This technology creates a common currency across the casino, creates a bridge between slots and tables, and helps casinos identify valuable crossover players. The everi product suite has initially been placed into service; however, there are additional phases of development still evolving to support the Internet gaming and lottery marketplaces.
Customer Service
We operate a customer service call center from our facility in Las Vegas, Nevada that is accessible 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. Our customer service representatives assist cashier personnel and gaming patrons in their use of our products and services. Through our use of third-party translation services, our customer service representatives can serve gaming establishment customers and patrons in several different languages.
Intellectual Property
We believe the ability to introduce and respond to technological innovation in the gaming industry will be an increasingly important qualification for the future success of any provider of cash access services. Our continued competitiveness will depend on the pace of our product development; our patent, copyright, trademark and trade secret protection; and our relationships with customers. Our business development personnel work with gaming establishments, our technology and other strategic partners and the suppliers of the financial services upon which our cash access services rely, to design and develop innovative cash access products and services and to identify potential new solutions for the delivery and distribution of cash in gaming establishments.
We rely on a combination of patents, trademarks, copyrights, trade secrets and contractual restrictions to protect our intellectual property. We have several issued patents and have applied for patent protection with respect to various products and services and proprietary processes that are incorporated in our products and services. We also have several registered trademarks relating to the names of our products and services as well as a registered trademark relating to our name.
Customers
We serve approximately 1,000 casinos and other gaming properties in the United States, Europe, Canada, the Caribbean, Central America and Asia.
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In general, most of our customers procure multiple products and services from us such as cash access services and other products and services. In certain limited circumstances, we provide our products and services to non-gaming establishments such as gas stations and other retail businesses associated with gaming establishment customers, but the revenue generated from these operations is not material to our operations and we do not actively market or target non-gaming establishment customers.
For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, no single customer accounted for more than 10% of our revenues. Our five largest customers accounted for approximately 33%, 34% and 28% of our total revenue in 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
In 2013, we processed approximately 86.2 million transactions, which resulted in approximately $20.2 billion in cash being distributed to gaming patrons. A summary of our segment financial information is contained in Note 16 Segment Information.
Sales and Marketing
We sell and market our products and services to gaming establishments primarily through the use of a direct sales force. The target customers of our direct sales force are gaming establishments in the United States and in international markets where gaming is conducted. Revenues from our operations outside the United States were $13.8 million, $10.0 million and $8.0 million, or 2.4%, 1.7% and 1.5%, of our total revenues, for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
Our sales and marketing efforts are directed by a team of sales executives, each with business development responsibility for the gaming establishments in those regions. These sales executives target all levels of gaming establishment personnel, including senior executives, finance professionals, marketing staff and cashiers, and seek to educate them on the benefits of our cash access products and services.
The sales executives are supported by field account managers, who provide on-site customer service to most of our customers. These field account managers reside in the vicinity of the specific gaming establishments that they support to ensure that they respond to the customer service needs of those gaming establishments.
We also have joint sales efforts with a number of strategic partners, including independent sales organizations, which allow us to market our cash access services to gaming establishments through channels other than our direct sales force.
Competition
We compete with other providers of cash access services to the gaming industry. We also compete with financial institutions and other regional and local banks that operate ATMs on the premises of gaming establishments. Some of these other providers and financial institutions have also established cooperative relationships with each other to expand their service offerings. In markets outside North America, we encounter competition from banks and other financial service companies established in those markets.
We face potential competition from gaming establishments that may choose to operate their own in-house cash access systems rather than outsource to us. In the past, some gaming establishments have operated their own in-house cash access systems. We believe that almost all gaming establishments, however, outsource their cash access service to third-party providers because providing these services is not a core competency of gaming establishment operators, and because gaming establishment operators are unable to achieve the same scale that can be obtained by third-party providers that deploy cash access services across multiple gaming establishments.
We face increased competition from smaller competitors who have entered the market. These are typically independent sales organizations ("ISOs") that tend to provide basic services and aggressive pricing. In addition, we face competition from gaming equipment manufacturers and system providers that
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manufacture slot machine ticket redemption devices that directly, or through affiliates with third parties, offer ATM and other cash access products and services. This increased competition amongst these various providers of cash access services has resulted in pricing pressure and margin erosion with respect to our core cash access products and services.
We face competition from traditional transaction processors that may choose to enter the gaming patron cash access services market. In addition, we may in the future face potential competition from new entrants into the market for cash access products and related services. Some of these potential competitors may have a number of significant advantages over us, including greater name recognition and marketing power, longer operating histories, pre-existing relationships with current or potential customers and significantly greater financial, marketing and other resources and access to capital which allow them to respond more quickly to new or changing opportunities.
Regulation
Various aspects of our business are subject to gaming regulations and financial services regulations. Depending on the nature of the noncompliance, our failure to comply with these regulations may result in the suspension or revocation of any license or registration at issue, cessation of our service as well as the imposition of civil fines and criminal penalties.
Land-Based Gaming Regulation
We are subject to a variety of gaming and other regulations in the jurisdictions in which we operate. As a general matter, we are regulated by gaming commissions or similar authorities at the state or tribal level, such as the Nevada Gaming Control Board. In general, in those jurisdictions where we sell and service slot machine ticket redemption devices and jackpot kiosks, we are considered a supplier of "associated equipment" and could be required by the regulatory authorities, at their discretion, to file a license application. In such event, any of our officers, directors or beneficial owners of our securities could be required to apply for a license or a finding of suitability. Most of the jurisdictions in which we operate distinguish between gaming-related suppliers and vendors, such as manufacturers of slot machines or other gaming devices, and non-gaming suppliers and vendors, such as food and beverage purveyors, construction contractors and laundry and linen suppliers. In general, in those jurisdictions where we provide cash access and Central Credit services, but do not sell or service slot machine ticket redemption devices or jackpot kiosks, we are typically characterized as a non-gaming supplier or vendor, and we typically must obtain a non-gaming supplier's or vendor's license, qualification or approval with respect to the provision of our cash access and Central Credit services. The licensure, qualification and approval requirements and the regulations imposed on non-gaming suppliers and vendors are generally less stringent than for gaming-related suppliers and vendors. However, some of the jurisdictions in which we do business do not distinguish between gaming-related and non-gaming related suppliers and vendors, and other jurisdictions categorize our services and/or products as gaming related, and we are subject to the same stringent licensing, qualification or approval requirements and regulations that are imposed upon vendors and suppliers that would be characterized as gaming-related in other jurisdictions. Most state and many tribal gaming regulators require us to obtain and maintain a permit or license to provide our services to gaming establishments. The process of obtaining such permits or licenses often involves substantial disclosure of information about us, our officers, directors and beneficial owners of our securities, and involves a determination by the regulators as to our suitability as a supplier or vendor to gaming establishments.
As a provider of slot machine ticket redemption devices and jackpot kiosks, we are required to obtain and maintain a gaming-related supplier's license in those jurisdictions where we sell and service gaming-related devices. As discussed above, the initial and ongoing licensure requirements imposed on gaming-related suppliers as compared to non-gaming related vendors or suppliers are, in general, substantially more burdensome. Such licensure requirements may include, but are not limited to the following: requiring the licensure or finding of suitability of any of our officers, directors, key employees or beneficial owners of
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our securities as well as our key third party vendors, suppliers, customers and other companies with whom we conduct business; the termination or disassociation with such officer, director, key employee or beneficial owner of our securities that fails to file an application or to obtain a license or finding of suitability; the submission of detailed financial and operating reports; the submission of reports of material loans, leases and financing; and, the regulatory approval of some commercial transactions, such as the transfer or pledge of our stock or other equity interests. These regulatory burdens are imposed upon gaming-related suppliers or vendors on an ongoing basis and there is no guarantee that we will be successful in obtaining and maintaining all necessary licenses and permits and to continue to hold other necessary gaming licenses and permits to conduct our business as currently being conducted by us. The expansion of our business, the introduction of new cash access products or services or changes to applicable rules and regulations may result in additional regulatory or licensing requirements being imposed upon us. We also may be required to submit software and other key technology components of our slot machine ticket redemption devices to government or third party gaming laboratories for testing and certification prior to deploying such devices in a particular gaming jurisdiction.
The State of Nevada amended the Nevada Gaming Control Act, in 2012, to require companies that provide cash access services to gaming establishments within the State of Nevada to obtain and maintain a cash access service provider license from the Nevada Gaming Commission. In general, the licensure requirements for a cash access service provider are substantially similar to those imposed upon applicants for non-restricted gaming licenses. We were granted a cash access service provider license as well as a finding of suitability as a manufacturer and distributor of associated equipment by the Nevada Gaming Commission in March 2012.
Gaming regulatory authorities have broad discretion and can require any beneficial holder of our securities, regardless of the number of shares of common stock or amount of debt securities owned, to file an application, be investigated, and be subject to a determination of suitability. If the beneficial holder of our securities who must be found suitable is a corporation, partnership, or trust, such entity must submit detailed business and financial information, which may include information regarding its officers, directors, partners and beneficial owners. Further disclosure by those officers, directors, partners and beneficial owners may be required. Under some circumstances and in some jurisdictions, an institutional investor, as defined in the applicable gaming regulations, that acquires a specified amount of our securities may apply to the regulatory authority for a waiver of these licensure, qualification or finding of suitability requirements, provided the institutional investor holds the voting securities for investment purposes only. An institutional investor will not be deemed to hold voting securities for investment purposes unless the securities were acquired and are held in the ordinary course of its business.
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The following table provides an overview of our licensing status in jurisdictions located within the United States together with the percentage of total U.S.-based revenue derived in each such jurisdiction (inclusive of revenue derived from Native American gaming establishments):
Table of Geographic Concentration and Licensing Status

															
 	 	 	 	 	 	Gaming License Required(3)(4)	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Revenue
Percentage(1)(2)			 	Status	
 			 	Kiosk Sales	 	GCA or Holdings	 	Kiosk Sales	 	GCA or Holdings	
Location 	 	2013	 	2012									
California	 	 	9	%	 	9	%	Yes	 	Yes	 	Pending	 	Pending	
Florida	 	 	9	%	 	8	%	Yes	 	No	 	Granted	 	N/A	
Illinois	 	 	3	%	 	9	%	Yes	 	No	 	Granted	 	N/A	
Indiana	 	 	3	%	 	8	%	Yes	 	Yes	 	Granted	 	Granted	
Mississippi	 	 	3	%	 	8	%	Yes	 	No	 	Granted	 	N/A	
Nevada	 	 	23	%	 	20	%	Yes	 	Yes	 	Granted	 	Granted	
New Jersey	 	 	6	%	 	2	%	Yes	 	No	 	Pending	 	N/A	
New York	 	 	5	%	 	4	%	Yes	 	Yes	 	Pending	 	Pending	
Oklahoma	 	 	5	%	 	5	%	No	 	No	 	N/A	 	N/A	
Pennsylvania	 	 	6	%	 	8	%	Yes	 	Yes	 	Granted	 	Granted	
All other	 	 	28	%	 	19	%	N/A	 	N/A	 	N/A	 	N/A	

(1)
All other represents jurisdictions with less than 5% of our revenue based on the 2013 results.

(2)
Foreign jurisdictions are excluded from this table.

(3)
In certain jurisdictions in which gaming is undertaken by tribal gaming authorities pursuant to contracts between such tribal gaming authority and the federal and state governments, we may be required to obtain a license, approval or waiver from such tribal gaming authority in order to provide services to such tribal casino. The regulations governing such licensure, approval or waiver are distinct and separate from any licensure, approval or waiver that may be required by any state authority.

(4)
In certain jurisdictions, the applicable gaming regulations provide that entities which meet certain qualifications are exempt from obtaining otherwise required licensure. Such qualifications include, but are not limited to, such entity being currently licensed in another enumerated jurisdiction or the shares of stock of such entity being publicly traded on a recognized exchange.
Online Gaming Regulation
Several states have passed implementing legislation and/or regulations to allow certain intra-state, wager-based, online casino and lottery games such as online poker and lottery ticket purchases. These legislative efforts are partially based on the United States Department of Justice's interpretation in late 2011 that the prohibitions of the Wire Act are limited to sports-related wager-based online gaming activity. Although these states have adopted implementing legislation authorizing certain wager-based casino and lottery games, the legislative and regulatory environment surrounding online wager-based games in the United States remains uncertain and complex and it is unclear how the legislative and regulatory framework governing these activities will evolve in the future. Many of these states have yet to introduce or finalize regulations regarding the licensing and operational requirements regarding online, wager-based activity including the licensing and technological requirements relating to the funding and processing of payments relating to online, wager-based casino and lottery games. In addition, the funding of online casino gaming activity will also be subject to the requirement of the Unlawful Internet Gaming Enforcement Act which may prohibit or significantly impede the funding of online, wager-based gaming activity.
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Financial Services Regulation
Durbin Amendment.     On June 29, 2011, the Federal Reserve Board issued a final rule establishing standards for debit card interchange fees, among other things, which took effect on October 1, 2011. This rule, Regulation II (Debit Card Interchange Fees and Routing) was promulgated pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (as modified by the Durbin Amendment) and establishes, among other things, standards for assessing whether debit card interchange fees received by certain debit card issuers are reasonable and proportional to the costs incurred by issuers for electronic debit transactions. Debit card interchange fees are established by payment card networks and ultimately paid by merchants to debit card issuers for each debit transaction.
Anti-Money Laundering.     The USA PATRIOT Act of 2001 and its implementing federal regulations require us to establish and maintain an anti-money laundering program. Our anti-money laundering program includes: internal policies, procedures, and controls designated to identify and report money laundering; a designated compliance officer; an ongoing employee training program; and an independent audit function to test the program.
In addition, the cash access services that we provide are subject to recordkeeping and reporting obligations under the Bank Secrecy Act. We, along with our gaming establishment customers, are required to file a SAR with the U.S. Treasury Department's Financial Crimes Enforcement Network to report any suspicious transactions relevant to a possible violation of law or regulation. To be reportable, such a transaction must meet criteria that are designed to identify the hiding or disguising of funds derived from illegal activities. Our gaming establishment customers, in situations where our cash access services are provided through gaming establishment cashier personnel, and we, in situations where we provide our cash access services directly to patrons through satellite cages or booths that we staff and operate, are required to file a CTR of each deposit, withdrawal, exchange of currency or other payment or transfer by, through, or to us which involves a transaction in currency of more than $10,000 in a single day. Our QCP Web product can assist in identifying transactions that give rise to reporting obligations. When we issue or sell drafts for currency in amounts between $3,000 and $10,000, we maintain a record of information about the purchaser, such as the purchaser's address, Social Security Number and date of birth.
Following the events of September 11, 2001, the United States and other governments imposed and continue to consider a variety of new regulations focused on the detection and prevention of money laundering and money transmitting to or from terrorists and other criminals. Compliance with these new regulations may impact our business operations or increase our costs.
Fund Transfers.     Our POS debit card transactions and ATM services are subject to the Electronic Fund Transfer Act, which provides cardholders with rights with respect to electronic fund transfers, including the right to dispute unauthorized charges, charges that list the wrong date or amount, charges for goods and services that are not accepted or delivered as agreed, math errors and charges for which a cardholder asks for an explanation or written proof of transaction along with a claimed error or request for clarification. We believe the necessary policies and procedures have been implemented throughout the organization in order to comply with the regulatory requirements for fund transfers.
Money Transmitter.     Most states require a money transmitter license in order to issue the negotiable instruments that are used to complete credit card cash access and POS debit card transactions and to offer our everi product suite of products and services. We are currently licensed as a money transmitter in each jurisdiction that requires a license where we provide credit card and POS debit card cash access services. In certain jurisdictions, we are not required to be licensed.
Credit Reporting.     Our Central Credit gaming patron credit bureau services and check verification and warranty services are subject to the Fair Credit Reporting Act and the Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act of 2003 and their implementing rules, which require consumer credit bureaus, such as Central Credit, to provide credit report information to businesses only for certain purposes and to
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otherwise safeguard credit report information; to disclose to consumers their credit report on request; and to permit consumers to dispute and correct inaccurate or incomplete information in their credit report. These laws and rules also govern the information that may be contained in a consumer credit report. We continue to implement policies and procedures as well as adapt our business practices in order to comply with these laws and regulations. In addition to federal regulations, our Central Credit gaming patron credit bureau services are subject to the state credit reporting regulations that impose similar requirements to the Fair Credit Reporting Act and the Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act of 2003. Our credit granting programs such as QuikCredit are also subject to federal and state credit reporting laws and rules, requiring, among other things, that we notify consumers when we deny credit based on credit report information.
Debt Collection.     We currently outsource most of our debt collection efforts to third parties. However, we do engage in debt collection to collect on chargebacks on our cash access products and unpaid balances for services performed for our check services, Central Credit services, receivables relating to the sale and service of slot machine ticket redemption devices and jackpot kiosks and other amounts owing to us in connection with performing various services for our customers. All such collection practices may be subject to the Fair Debt Collections Practices Act, which prohibits unfair, deceptive or abusive debt collection practices, as well as consumer-debt-collection laws and regulations adopted by the various states.
Privacy Regulations.     Our collection of information from patrons who use our financial products and services, such as our cash access services, are subject to the financial information privacy protection provisions of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act and its implementing federal regulations. We gather, as permitted by law, non-public, personally-identifiable financial information from patrons who use our cash access services, such as names, addresses, telephone numbers, bank and credit card account numbers and transaction information. The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act requires us to safeguard and protect the privacy of such non-public personal information. Also, the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act requires us to make disclosures to patrons regarding our privacy and information sharing policies and give patrons the opportunity to direct us not to disclose information about them to unaffiliated third parties in certain situations. In this regard, we provide patrons with a privacy notice, an opportunity to review our privacy policy, and an opportunity to opt out of specified types of disclosures. In addition to the federal Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act privacy regulations, we are subject to state privacy regulations. Some state privacy regulations impose more stringent limitations on access and use of personal information. We continue to implement policies and programs as well as adapt our business practices in order to comply with federal and state privacy laws and regulations.
ATM Operations.     The Electronic Fund Transfer Act requires us to disclose certain notices regarding the fees that we charge for performing an ATM transaction as well as incorporating such notices on the ATM screens to notify patrons of such fees prior to completing an ATM transaction. Our ATM services are subject to applicable state banking regulations in each jurisdiction in which we operate ATMs. These regulations require, among other things, that we register with the state banking regulators as an operator of ATMs, that we provide gaming patrons with notices of the transaction fees assessed upon use of our ATMs, that our transaction fees do not exceed designated maximums, that we offer gaming patrons a means of resolving disputes with us, and that we comply with prescribed safety and security requirements. In addition, the ATMs that we operate are subject to requirements of the Americans with Disabilities Act which in general require that ATMs be accessible to individuals with disabilities, such as visually-impaired persons. New and stricter regulations under the Americans with Disabilities Act regarding accessibility to ATMs went into effect in March 2012.
Check Cashing.     In jurisdictions in which we serve as a check casher or agree to defer deposit of gaming patrons' checks under our QuikCredit services, we are subject to the state licensing requirements and regulations governing check cashing activities. Generally, these regulations require us to obtain a license from the state's banking regulators to operate as a check casher. Some states also impose restrictions on
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this activity such as restrictions on the amounts of service fees that may be imposed on the cashing of certain types of checks, requirements as to records that must be kept with respect to dishonored checks, and requirements as to the contents of receipts that must be delivered to gaming patrons at the time a check is cashed.
Network and Card Association Regulations.     In addition to the governmental regulation described above, some of our services are also subject to rules promulgated by various payment networks, EFT networks and card associations. For example, we must comply with the Payment Card Industry ("PCI") Data Security Standard. Since June 30, 2006 we have been designated as a compliant service provider under the PCI Data Security Standard. We must be certified to maintain our status as a compliant service provider on an annual basis.
In addition, in 1994, Europay, MasterCard, and Visa jointly developed new card security features ("EMV") designed to deter fraudulent card transactions related to identity theft, counterfeit cards, and the misuse of lost or stolen cards via enhanced card authentication, transaction authorization, and cardholder verification using chip based smart-cards. EMV has been adopted in many regions of the world as the global standard for fraud deterrence in chip based smart-card payments.
The U.S. payments industry has until recently continued to rely on magnetic stripe cards instead of EMV compliant chip based cards, however U.S. card issuers are beginning to offer EMV capable chip based smart cards, and beginning in October 2015, MasterCard will begin shifting liability for fraudulent transactions generated through EMV capable cards onto merchants whose devices are not capable of processing chip based smart card EMV transactions. Visa will shift such liability onto merchants beginning in October 2017. This shifts the responsibility for chargebacks due to fraudulent transactions on such cards from the card issuer onto the merchant.
As a merchant in connection with our cash access transactions processed through MasterCard and Visa, we must upgrade or replace our existing fleet of U.S. based devices to accept the EMV standard. This requires us to upgrade the software on a significant portion of our currently deployed fleet of U.S. based POS, kiosk and ATM devices. Additionally, we may have to replace a portion of our devices with newer devices equipped with the minimum hardware requirements to support EMV.
Other Regulation
When contracting with gaming establishments that are owned or operated by Native American tribes, we become subject to tribal laws and regulations that may differ materially from the non-tribal laws and regulations under which we generally operate. In addition to tribal gaming laws and regulations that may require us to provide disclosures or obtain licenses or permits to conduct our business on tribal lands, we may also become subject to tribal laws or regulations that govern our contracts. These tribal governing laws and regulations may not provide us with processes, procedures and remedies that enable us to enforce our rights as effectively and advantageously as the processes, procedures and remedies that would be afforded to us under non-tribal laws, or to enforce our rights at all, and may expose us to an increased risk of contract repudiation as compared to that inherent in dealing with non-tribal customers. Many tribal laws permit redress to a tribal adjudicatory body to resolve disputes; however, such redress is largely untested in our experience. We may be precluded from enforcing our rights against a tribal body under the legal doctrine of sovereign immunity.
We are also subject to a variety of gaming regulations and other laws in the international markets in which we operate. We expect to become subject to additional gaming regulations and other laws in the jurisdictions into which we expand our operations. Our expansion into new markets is dependent upon our ability to comply with the regulatory regimes adopted by such jurisdictions. Difficulties in obtaining approvals, licenses or waivers from the monetary and gaming authorities, in addition to other potential regulatory and quasi-regulatory issues that we have not yet ascertained, may arise in other international jurisdictions into which we wish to enter.
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As we develop new services and new products, we may become subject to additional federal and state regulations. For example, in the event that we form or acquire a bank or industrial loan company, we would become subject to a number of additional banking and financial institution regulations, which may include the Bank Holding Company Act. These additional regulations could substantially restrict the nature of the business in which we may engage and the nature of the businesses in which we may invest.
Employees
As of December 31, 2013, we had 427 employees. We are not subject to any collective bargaining agreements and have never been subject to a work stoppage. We believe that good relationships with our employees have been maintained.
Available Information
Our Internet address is www.gcainc.com.. We make available free of charge in the "Investor Relations" portion of our website under "SEC Filings" our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file or furnish such materials to the SEC. The SEC maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding our filings at www.sec.gov.
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ITEM 1A.    RISK FACTORS
Risks Related to Our Business
Our business is dependent upon consumer demand for gaming and cash access services and overall economic trends specific to the gaming and cash access industries.
Our customers consist almost entirely of casinos and other gaming establishments. As a result, our business is dependent upon consumer demand for gaming. Gaming is a discretionary leisure activity, the volume of which is difficult to predict. It is also difficult to foresee consumer patterns related to the use and mix of our products and services and shifts in these patterns could have a negative impact on our business. We believe this uncertainty is primarily attributable to patrons' reduced access to credit as well as patrons' attempts to manage their overall spending patterns. These trends have had an adverse impact on our results of operations and they may continue in the future.
In addition, less than favorable economic conditions could reduce consumer disposable income and demand, which may have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
If we are unable to maintain our current customers on terms that are favorable to us, our business, financial condition and operating results may suffer a material adverse effect.
We enter into contracts with our gaming establishment customers to provide our cash access products and related services. Our contracts generally have an average term of three years in duration, but some are terminable upon 30 days advance notice or are terminable by our gaming establishment customers in the event that we fail to satisfy specific covenants set forth in the contracts, including gaming regulatory compliance and service level covenants. We are typically required to renegotiate the terms of our customer contracts upon their expiration, and in some circumstances we may be forced to modify the terms of our contracts before they expire. When we have successfully renewed these contracts, these negotiations have in the past resulted in, and in the future may result in, financial and other terms that are less favorable to us than the terms of the expired contracts. In particular, we are often required to pay a higher commission rate to a gaming establishment than we previously paid in order to renew the relationship. Assuming constant transaction volume, increases in commissions or other incentives paid to gaming establishments would negatively impact our operating results. We may not succeed in renewing these contracts when they expire, which would result in a complete loss of revenue from that customer, either for an extended period of time or forever. If we are required to pay higher commission rates or agree to other less favorable terms to retain our customers or we are not able to renew our relationships with our customers upon the expiration of our contracts, our business, financial condition and operating results would be harmed.
Competition in the market for cash access services is intense, which could result in higher commissions or loss of customers to our competitors.
The market for cash access products and related services is intensely competitive and we expect competition to increase and intensify in the future. We compete with other providers of cash access products and services, financial institutions and other regional and local banks that operate ATMs on the premises of gaming establishments. In markets outside North America, we encounter competition from banks and other financial service companies established in those markets. We also face competition from gaming establishments that choose to operate cash access systems on their own behalf rather than outsource to us. We face competition from traditional transaction processors that may choose to enter the gaming patron cash services market. In addition, we may face competition from new entrants into the market for cash access products and related services, such as banks. Some of our competitors and potential competitors have significant advantages over us, including greater name recognition, longer operating histories, pre-existing relationships with current or potential customers including pre-existing relationships relating to other financial services, significantly greater financial, marketing, technological and other
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resources and more ready access to capital which allow them to respond more quickly to new or changing opportunities.
We have faced increased competition from smaller companies who have entered the market. These organizations tend to provide basic services and aggressive pricing. In addition, we face competition from gaming equipment manufacturers and system providers. This increased competition amongst these various providers of cash access services has resulted in pricing pressure and margin erosion with respect to our core cash access products and services.
Other providers of cash access products and services to gaming establishments have in the past increased, and may in the future continue to increase, the commissions or other incentives they pay to gaming establishments in order to win those gaming establishments as customers and to gain market share. To the extent that competitive pressures force us to increase commissions or other incentives to establish or maintain relationships with gaming establishments, our business and operating results could be adversely affected.
Consolidation among our customers could have a material adverse effect on our revenues and profitability.
As our contracts are often executed by one corporation for the provision of services at multiple gaming establishments, the loss of a single contract often results in the loss of multiple gaming establishments. Consolidation among operators of gaming establishments may also result in the loss of a top customer to the extent that customers of ours are acquired by our competitors' customers.
We may be subject to fines, penalties, liabilities and legal claims resulting from unauthorized disclosure of cardholder and patron data, whether through a security breach of our computer systems, our third party processor's computer systems or otherwise.
We collect and store personally identifiable information about cardholders and patrons that perform certain cash access and Central Credit transactions, including names, addresses, social security numbers, driver's license numbers and account numbers and we maintain a database of cardholder and patron data relating to our cash access and Central Credit transactions, including account numbers, in order to process our cash access and Central Credit transactions. We also rely on our third party processor and certain other technology partners to process and store cardholder and patron data relating to our cash access and Central Credit transactions. As a result, we, as well as our third party processor, certain of our other technology providers and some of our gaming establishment customers, are required to comply with various federal and state privacy statutes and regulations, and the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard, each of which may be changed at any time. Compliance with these requirements is often difficult and costly, and our failure, or the failure of these other third parties to comply, may result in significant fines or civil penalties, regulatory enforcement action, liability to our sponsor bank and termination of our agreements with our gaming establishment customers, each of which could have a material adverse effect on our financial position and/or operations. A significant security breach could result in our being prohibited from providing cash access services for any of the relevant card associations or payment networks organizations.
In addition, any data breach or failure to comply with any applicable privacy requirements could result in damage to our reputation, which could reduce and limit our ability to provide cash access and related services to our gaming establishment customers.
Furthermore, if our computer systems or those of our third party processor or other technology providers are breached by unauthorized users, we may be subject to liability, including claims for unauthorized transactions with misappropriated bank card information, impersonation or similar fraud claims. We could also be subject to liability for any failure to comply with laws governing required notifications of such a breach. These claims also could result in protracted and costly litigation. In addition, we could be subject to penalties or sanctions from the card associations and payment networks.
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Our ability to effectively operate in Native American gaming markets is vulnerable to legal and regulatory uncertainties, including the ability to enforce contractual rights on Native American land.
Historically, we have derived a significant percentage of our revenue from the provision of cash access and related services on Native American lands. Because federally recognized Native American tribes are independent governments with sovereign powers, Native American tribes can enact their own laws and regulate gaming operations and contracts. Native American tribes maintain their own governmental systems and often their own judicial systems and have the right to tax persons and enterprises conducting business on Native American lands, and also have the right to require licenses and to impose other forms of regulation and regulatory fees on persons and businesses operating on their lands. In the absence of a specific grant of authority by Congress, states may regulate activities taking place on Native American lands only if the Native American tribe has a specific agreement or compact with the state. Our contracts with Native American tribal customers with respect to governing law and venue provisions vary widely. In addition, these choice-of-law and venue clauses may not be enforceable.
Native American tribes generally enjoy sovereign immunity from lawsuits similar to that of the individual states and the United States. Before we can sue or enforce contract rights with a Native American tribe, or an agency or instrumentality of a Native American tribe, the Native American tribe must effectively waive its sovereign immunity with respect to the matter in dispute, which we are not always able to obtain. Without a limited waiver of sovereign immunity, or if such waiver is held to be ineffective, we could be precluded from judicially enforcing any rights or remedies against a Native American tribe, including the right to enter Native American lands to retrieve our property in the event of a breach of contract by the tribal party to that contract. Even if the waiver of sovereign immunity by a Native American tribe is deemed effective, there could be an issue as to the forum in which a lawsuit may be brought against the Native American tribe. Federal courts are courts of limited jurisdiction and generally do not have jurisdiction to hear civil cases relating to Native American tribes and we may be unable to enforce any arbitration decision effectively.
Certain Native American tribes require us to contract with entities that are owned, controlled or managed by tribal members to provide a portion of our services. In some instances, these entities are subcontractors of us in connection with providing our services while in other instances we are a subcontractor to these entities who contract with the applicable tribal gaming casino or tribe directly to provide cash access services. Our ability to provide our services is dependent upon our relationship with these third parties and their ability to provide services in accordance with the terms of our contractual arrangement with these third parties and, in some instances, the third parties' relationship or contractual arrangement with the applicable tribal gaming casino or tribe.
Our indebtedness could materially adversely affect our operations and financial results and prevent us from obtaining additional financing, if necessary.
Our indebtedness could have important consequences. For example, it:
•
increases our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions; 

•
requires us to dedicate a portion of our cash flow from operations to payments on our indebtedness, based on covenant requirements that may restrict us, which would reduce the availability of our cash flow to fund working capital expenditures, expansion efforts and other general corporate purposes; 

•
limits our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industry in which we operate; 

•
restricts our ability to pay dividends or repurchase our common stock; 

•
places us at a competitive disadvantage compared to our competitors that have less debt; 

•
restricts our ability to acquire businesses or technologies that would benefit our business;
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•
restricts our ability to engage in transactions with affiliates or creates liens or guarantees; and 

•
limits among other things, our ability to borrow additional funds.
The senior credit facility that we entered into in 2011, as amended, (the "Senior Credit Facility") contains restrictive and financial covenants that may limit our ability to engage in activities that we may believe to be in our long-term best interests. Specifically, the Senior Credit Facility contains affirmative and negative covenants customary for financings of this type, including, among other things, limits on the creation of liens, limits on the incurrence of indebtedness, restrictions on investments, acquisitions and dispositions, and the payment of dividends and other restricted payments. In addition, the Senior Credit Facility contains financial covenants requiring us to have a maximum leverage ratio and a minimum interest coverage ratio which are discussed in more detail in the section entitled " Borrowings under the Senior Credit Facility" in Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. Our failure to comply with these covenants could result in an event of default, which if not cured or waived, could result in the acceleration of all of our debt under the Senior Credit Facility, which may result in our inability to satisfy our obligations with respect to our indebtedness.
To service our indebtedness we will require a significant amount of cash, and our ability to generate cash flow depends on many factors beyond our control.
Our ability to generate cash flow from operations depends on general economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory and other factors that are beyond our control. Due to these factors, it is possible that our business will not generate sufficient cash flow from operations to enable us to pay our indebtedness as it matures and to fund our other liquidity needs. This would cause us to have to borrow money to meet these needs and future borrowing may not be available to us at all or in an amount sufficient to satisfy these needs. In such events, we will need to refinance all or a portion of our indebtedness on or before maturity. We may not be able to refinance any of our indebtedness on commercially reasonable terms or at all. We could have to adopt one or more alternatives, such as reducing or delaying planned expenses and capital expenditures, selling assets, restructuring debt or obtaining additional equity or debt financing or joint venture partners. We may not be able to effect any of these financing strategies on satisfactory terms, if at all. Our failure to generate sufficient cash flow to satisfy our debt obligations or to refinance our obligations on commercially reasonable terms would have a material adverse effect on our business and our ability to satisfy our obligations with respect to our indebtedness.
The terms of our Senior Credit Facility require us to dedicate a portion of our cash flow from operations to payments on our indebtedness, which will reduce the availability of our cash flow to fund working capital, capital expenditures, expansion efforts and other general corporate purposes.
We may encounter difficulties managing our growth, including growth through acquisitions or strategic investments, or the change of any of our providers, which could adversely affect our operating results.
Growth, including growth through acquisitions or strategic investments, or the change of any of our service providers, involve various risks, such as:
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difficulty integrating the technologies, operations and personnel from the acquired business or a new service provider; 

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overestimation of potential synergies or a delay in realizing those synergies; 

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disruption to our ongoing business, including the diversion of management's attention and of resources from our principal business; 

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inability to obtain the desired financial and strategic benefits from the acquisition or investment; 

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reduced ability to control maintenance schedules, system availability, functionality or customer service levels of a new service provider;
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loss of customers of an acquired business; 

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assumption of unanticipated liabilities; 

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loss of key employees of an acquired business; and 

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entering into new markets in which we have limited prior experience.
Acquisitions and strategic investments could also result in substantial cash expenditures, the dilutive issuance of our equity securities, the incurrence of additional debt and contingent liabilities, and amortization expenses related to other intangible assets that could adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition. Acquisitions and strategic investments may also be highly dependent upon the retention and performance of existing management and employees of acquired businesses for the day-to-day management and future operating results of these businesses. Our ability to consummate acquisitions may be impaired by a number of factors, including decreases in the trading price of our common stock, our inability to comply with covenants relating to our existing debt or our inability to incur additional debt that is required to consummate acquisitions or finance the post-closing operations of acquired businesses.
A material increase in market interest rates could adversely affect our business and results of operations.
We currently rely upon Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. ("Wells Fargo") to supply us with cash for substantially all of our ATMs. We are obligated to pay a monthly cash usage fee equal to the average daily balance of funds realized multiplied by the three-month LIBOR plus a mutually agreed upon margin. Assuming no change in the amount of cash used to supply our ATMs, an increase in LIBOR will result in an increase in the monthly fee that we must pay to obtain this supply of cash, thereby increasing our ATM operating costs. Any increase in the amount of cash required to supply our ATMs would magnify the impact of an increase in LIBOR and our business could be adversely affected.
As of December 31, 2013, all of our indebtedness under our Senior Credit Facility was at a variable interest rate tied to LIBOR. Any material increases to LIBOR could increase the amount of interest we are required to pay under the Senior Credit Facility and adversely affect our business and results of operations.
An unexpectedly high level of chargebacks, as the result of fraud or otherwise, could adversely affect our cash access business.
When patrons use our cash access services, we either dispense cash or produce a negotiable instrument that can be exchanged for cash. If a completed cash access transaction is subsequently disputed, and if we are unsuccessful in establishing the validity of the transaction, we may not be able to collect payment for such transaction and such transaction becomes a chargeback. In the event that we incur chargebacks in excess of specified levels, we could lose our sponsorship into the card associations. In addition, in the event that we incur chargebacks in excess of specified levels, we could be censured by the card associations by way of fines or otherwise. Our failure to adequately manage our chargebacks could have a material adverse effect on our business.
An unexpected increase in check warranty expenses could adversely affect our check warranty business.
In our Central Credit Check Warranty product under our third party warranty agreement, we receive all of the check warranty revenue. We charge our gaming establishment customers a fee for our check warranty services, which is typically a percentage of the face amount of the check being warranted. We are exposed to risk for the losses associated with any warranted items that we cannot collect from patrons issuing the items. Warranty receivables are defined as any amounts paid by the third party warranty provider to gaming establishments to purchase dishonored checks. Additionally, we pay a fee to the third party warranty provider for its services. There is no limit on the aggregate dollar amount to which we are exposed, which is a function of the face amount of checks warranted. We manage and mitigate the risks
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associated with these dishonored checks through the use of risk analytics data from third party databases and collection efforts, including the additional fees that we are entitled to collect from check writers of dishonored checks. We have full control over the decision to warrant payment on a particular check under the third party warranty platform. If we fail to make sound risk assessment decisions or our risk analytics are ineffective in the approval of checks to be warranted, we may incur an unexpectedly high level of check warranty expenses at any time.
The collection, storage, transmission, use and distribution of data regarding gaming patrons that use our services could give rise to liabilities or additional costs as a result of laws, governmental regulations or differing views of personal privacy rights.
We collect, store and transmit large volumes of data regarding gaming patrons that utilize our cash access and Central Credit services. This data includes personally identifiable information, transaction behavioral data and credit history data. In some instances, we also utilize this data in connection with providing marketing services and data intelligence services to gaming establishments. This information is increasingly subject to federal, state and card association laws and regulations as well as laws and regulations in numerous jurisdictions around the world. Governmental regulations are typically intended to protect the privacy and security of such data and information as well as to regulate the collection, storage, transmission, transfer, use and distribution of such data and information.
We could be adversely affected if domestic or international laws or regulations are expanded to require changes in our business practices or if governing jurisdictions interpret or implement their laws or regulations in ways that negatively affect our business or even prohibit us from offering certain marketing data intelligence or other services. Similarly, if we are required to allocate significant resources to modify our internal operating systems and procedures to enable enhanced protection of patron data that we transmit store and use, our business results could be adversely affected.
We may face requirements that pose compliance challenges in new international markets that we seek to enter as various foreign jurisdictions have different laws and regulations concerning the storage, transmission and use of gaming patron data. Such variation could subject us to costs, liabilities or negative publicity that could impair our ability to expand our operations into some countries and therefore limit our future growth.
We depend on third party transaction processors, telecommunication networks and other third party technology providers to provide our cash access and related services and if we, or any of these third parties, experience system or service failures, the products and services we provide could be delayed or interrupted, which could harm our business and reputation.
We depend on third party processors, telecommunication networks and other third party technology providers to provide our cash access and related services. Our ability to provide uninterrupted and high levels of services depends upon the performance of these third party providers. Any significant interruptions or degradation of the quality of services being provided by these third parties could severely harm our business and reputation and result in a loss of revenues and damage to our reputation and business. All of these third party providers and their systems are potentially vulnerable to computer viruses, physical or electronic security breaches, natural disasters and similar disruptions, which could lead to interruptions or outages of our services, delays, loss of data, public release of confidential data, all of which could have a material adverse effect on our business and operating results.
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We rely on a single third party processor to process substantially all of our cash access transactions that are processed through various card associations and payment networks and the failure of our third party processor to adequately provide such processing services could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
We rely on a single third party to provide processing services for the substantial majority of our transactions by obtaining authorizations for ATM cash withdrawal transactions, POS debit card transactions and credit card cash access transactions and to provide settlement transaction files to card associations and payment networks for some of these transactions. If our third party processor fails to adequately provide these services it could result in our systems being unable to process our cash access transactions intermittently or for extended periods of time, which could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. In addition, we have elected to switch third party processors and will begin converting our cash access services to a new third party processor beginning in 2014. We anticipate that this conversion will take approximately 12-18 months to complete and our failure to successfully complete this conversion could also result in outages of our cash access services and have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
If we are unable to protect our intellectual property adequately, we may lose a valuable competitive advantage or be forced to incur costly litigation to protect our rights.
Our success depends, in part, on developing and protecting our intellectual property. We have entered into license agreements with other parties for intellectual property that is critical to our business. We rely on the terms of these license agreements, as well as copyright, patent, trademark and trade secret laws to protect our intellectual property. If these agreements expire and we are unable to renew them, we may lose a valuable competitive advantage. We also rely on other confidentiality and contractual agreements and arrangements with our employees, affiliates, business partners and customers to establish and protect our intellectual property and similar proprietary rights.
We have also entered into license agreements with other parties for the exclusive use of their technology and intellectual property rights in the gaming industry, such as our license to use portions of the software infrastructure upon which our systems operate from a third party. We rely on these other parties to maintain and protect this technology and the related intellectual property rights. If our licensors fail to protect their intellectual property rights in material that we license and we are unable to protect such intellectual property rights, the value of our licenses may diminish significantly and our business could be significantly harmed.
We may have to rely on costly litigation to enforce our intellectual property rights and contractual rights. By pursuing this type of litigation, we become exposed to the risk of counterclaims and the risk that defendants will attempt to invalidate our right to the subject intellectual property or otherwise limit its scope.
In addition, we may face claims of infringement that could interfere with our ability to use technology or other intellectual property rights that are material to our business operations. In the event a claim of infringement against us is successful, we may be required to pay royalties to use technology or other intellectual property rights that we had been using or we may be required to enter into a license agreement and pay license fees, or we may be required to stop using the technology or other intellectual property rights that we had been using. We may be unable to obtain necessary licenses from third parties at a reasonable cost or within a reasonable amount of time. Any litigation of this type, whether successful or unsuccessful, could result in substantial costs to us and potentially cause a diversion of our resources.
Our business depends on our ability to introduce new, commercially viable products and services in a timely manner.
Our product development efforts are based upon a number of complex assumptions, including assumptions relating to gaming patron habits, changes in the popularity and prevalence of certain types of payment
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methods, anticipated transaction volumes, the costs and time required to bring new products and services to market, and the willingness and ability of both patrons and gaming establishment personnel to use new products and services and bear the economic costs of doing so. Our new products and services may not achieve market acceptance if any of our assumptions are wrong, or for other reasons.
Our ability to introduce new products and services may also require regulatory approvals, which may significantly increase the costs associated with developing a new product or service and the time required to introduce a new product or service into the marketplace. In order to obtain these regulatory approvals we may need to modify our products and services which would increase our costs of development and may make our products or services less likely to achieve market acceptance.
Our ability to grow our business through the introduction of new products and services depends in part on our joint development activities with third parties over whom we have little or no control. We have engaged in joint development projects with third parties in the past and we expect to continue doing so in the future. Joint development can magnify several risks for us, including the loss of control over development of aspects of the jointly developed products and disputes with our joint venture partners.
We may not successfully enter new markets.
If, and, as new and developing domestic markets develop, competition among providers of cash access products and services will intensify. If we attempt to enter these markets, we will have to expand our sales and marketing presence. In competitive bidding situations, we may not enjoy the advantage of being the incumbent provider of cash access products and services to gaming establishments and developers and operators of gaming establishments in these new markets may have pre-existing relationships with our competitors. We may also face the uncertainty of compliance with new or developing regulatory regimes (including regulatory regimes relating to Internet gaming) with which we are not currently familiar and oversight by regulators that are not familiar with us or our business. Each of these risks could materially impair our ability to successfully expand our operations into these new and developing domestic markets.
Attempting to enter international markets in which we have not previously operated may expose us to political, economic, tax, legal and regulatory risks not faced by businesses that operate only in the United States. The legal and regulatory regimes of foreign markets and their ramifications on our business are less certain. Our international operations will be subject to a variety of risks, including different regulatory requirements and interpretations, trade barriers, difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations, higher rates of fraud, fluctuations in currency exchange rates, difficulty in enforcing or interpreting contracts or legislation, political and economic instability and potentially adverse tax consequences. Difficulties in obtaining approvals, licenses or waivers from the monetary and gaming authorities of other jurisdictions, in addition to other potential regulatory and quasi-regulatory issues that we have not yet ascertained, may arise in international jurisdictions into which we attempt to enter. In these new markets, our operations will rely on an infrastructure of financial services and telecommunications facilities that may not be sufficient to support our business needs, such as the authorization and settlement services that are required to implement electronic payment transactions and the telecommunications facilities that would enable us to reliably connect our networks to our products at gaming establishments in these new markets. In these new markets, we may additionally provide services based upon interpretations of applicable law, which interpretation may be subject to regulatory or judicial review. These risks, among others, could materially and adversely affect our business and operating results. In connection with our expansion into new international markets, we may forge strategic relationships with business partners to assist us. The success of our expansion into these markets therefore may depend in part upon the success of the business partners with whom we forge these strategic relationships. If we do not successfully form strategic relationships with the right business partners or if we are not able to overcome cultural differences or differences in business practices, our ability to penetrate these new international markets will suffer.
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We are subject to the risk that the domestic or international markets that we attempt to enter or expand into may not develop as quickly as anticipated, or at all. The development of new gaming markets is subject to political, social, regulatory and economic forces beyond our control. The expansion of gaming activities in new markets can be very controversial and may depend heavily on the support and sponsorship of local government. Changes in government leadership, failure to obtain requisite voter support in referendums, failure of legislators to enact enabling legislation and limitations on the volume of gaming activity that is permitted in particular markets may inhibit the development of new markets.
Our estimates of the potential future transaction volumes in new markets are based on a variety of assumptions, which may prove to be inaccurate. To the extent that we overestimate the potential of a new market, incorrectly gauge the timing of the development of a new market, or fail to anticipate the differences between a new market and our existing markets, we may fail in our strategy of growing our business by expanding into new markets. Moreover, if we are unable to meet the needs of our existing customers as they enter markets that we do not currently serve, our relationships with these customers could be harmed.
Failure to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting may lead to our inability to accurately report our financial results. As a result, current and potential stockholders could lose confidence in our financial reporting, which could harm our business, our reputation and the trading price of our stock.
Effective internal control over financial reporting is necessary for us to provide reliable financial reports. If we cannot provide reliable financial reports, our business and operating results could be harmed.
Our assessment of our internal control over financial reporting has identified material weaknesses in the past, each of which was subsequently remediated. New material weaknesses may arise in the future. Any material weaknesses could cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations, cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information, cause a decline or volatility in our stock prices, cause a reduction in our credit ratings or tarnish our reputation. Also, increased expenses due to remediation costs and increased regulatory scrutiny are also possible. Failure to identify and remediate future material weakness could adversely affect our financial condition or results of operations. Inadequate internal control over financial reporting could also cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information, which could have a negative effect on the trading price of our stock and our reputation.
We currently operate within the scope of the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations ("COSO") of the Treadway Commission published in 1992. When the 2013 changes, or updates, to this current framework become effective, they could materially impact our internal control over financial reporting and also cause investors to lose confidence in our reporting of financial information, which could have a negative effect on the trading price of our stock and our reputation.
Changes by M&C International and First Data to certain of their tax returns may have an impact on the value of a component of our deferred tax asset. In addition, changes in tax laws, regulations and interpretations may adversely affect our business.
In connection with a recapitalization and private equity restructuring that occurred in 2004 involving our former owners First Data Corporation ("First Data"), M&C International ("M&C") and entities affiliated with Bank of America, N.A., we recorded a deferred tax asset of $247.0 million. In connection with this deferred tax asset, we expect to pay a significantly lower amount in United States federal income taxes than we provide for in our consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income. Our calculation of the starting balance of the deferred tax asset is based upon information we received from M&C and First Data about the gains they recorded in the transaction. If M&C or First Data change their calculation of the gains and file amended tax returns, we may be required to recalculate the starting balance of the deferred tax asset and the annual amortization thereof.
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Unanticipated changes in applicable income tax rates or laws or changes in our tax position could adversely impact our future results of operations. Our future effective tax rates could be affected by changes in the valuation of our deferred tax asset as a result of an audit or otherwise. The value of any tax asset may be affected by many factors beyond our control. Our deferred tax asset specifically is subject to various tax laws and the utilization of such deferred tax asset may be subject to limitations and factors beyond our control, including, without limitation, our earnings, our future estimations of earnings and the value of our common stock, and a change of control of the Company. These deferred tax assets may be subject to certain limitations. Additionally, changes in tax laws or interpretations of such laws by domestic and foreign tax authorities could affect our results of operations.
A small number of investment funds beneficially control a significant percentage of the voting power of our common stock, which may allow them to significantly influence matters requiring stockholder approval and, in certain cases, may raise conflicts of interest issues.
As of December 31, 2013, five investment funds beneficially owned approximately 31% of our common stock as shown in their ownership filings reported in February 2014. Although we have no voting agreements or arrangements with any of the funds, and, to our knowledge, the funds are not affiliated with one another, each of the funds, individually or collectively, could be in a position to substantially influence the outcome of any corporate actions requiring stockholder approval, including the election of directors, mergers, acquisitions and other significant corporate transactions. These investment funds may delay, or prevent, a change of control from occurring even if the change of control could appear to benefit the stockholders. These investment funds may also have interests that differ from our other stockholders and may vote in a way with which our other stockholders disagree and which may be adverse to their interests.
We operate our business in regions subject to natural disasters. Any interruption to our business resulting from a natural disaster will adversely affect our revenues and results of operations.
In the event of a natural disaster, the operations of gaming establishments could be negatively impacted or consumer demand for gaming could decline, or both, and as a result, our business could be interrupted, which will adversely affect our revenues and results of operations.
Risks related to the industry
Economic downturns, a decline in the popularity of gaming or responsible gaming pressures could reduce the number of patrons that use our services or the amounts of cash that they access using our services.
We provide our cash access products and related services almost exclusively to gaming establishments for the purpose of enabling their patrons to access cash. As a result, our business depends on consumer demand for gaming. Gaming is a discretionary leisure activity, and participation in discretionary leisure activities has in the past and may in the future decline during economic downturns because consumers have less disposable income. Gaming activity may also decline based on changes in consumer confidence related to general economic conditions or outlook, fears of war, future acts of terrorism, or other factors. A reduction in tourism could also result in a decline in gaming activity. Finally, a legislature or regulatory authority may prohibit or significantly restrict gaming activities in its jurisdiction. Gaming competes with other leisure activities as a form of consumer entertainment and may lose popularity as new leisure activities arise or as other leisure activities become more popular. In addition, gaming in traditional gaming establishments (where we provide our services) competes with Internet-based gaming. The popularity and acceptance of gaming is also influenced by the prevailing social mores and changes in social mores could result in reduced acceptance of gaming as a leisure activity. To the extent that the popularity of gaming in traditional gaming establishments declines as a result of either of these factors, the demand for our cash access services may decline and our business may be harmed.
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Our ability to sustain our existing customer relationships and establish new customer relationships depends in part on the support of, or lack of opposition from, social responsibility organizations that are dedicated to addressing problem gaming. We may be affected by litigation or lobbying efforts to combat problem gaming because we provide patrons the ability to access their cash in gaming establishments.
Changes in consumer willingness to pay a fee to access their funds could reduce the demand for our cash access products and services.
Our business depends upon the willingness of patrons to pay a service fee to access their own funds on the premises of a gaming establishment. In most retail environments, consumers typically do not pay an additional fee for using non-cash payment methods such as credit cards, POS debit cards or checks. Gaming patrons could bring more cash with them to gaming establishments, or access cash outside of gaming establishments without paying a fee for the convenience of not having to leave the gaming establishment. To the extent that gaming patrons become unwilling to pay these fees for convenience or lower cost cash access alternatives become available, the demand for cash access services within gaming establishments will decline and our business could suffer.
Card associations and EFT networks may change interchange reimbursement rates or network operating fees or assess new fees associated with the processing and settlement of our cash access transactions or otherwise change their operating rules and regulations without our consent and such changes may affect our revenues, cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization), net income and our business generally.
We receive income from issuers of ATM, credit and debit cards for certain transactions performed on our ATMs related to cash dispensing or certain other non-financial transactions such as balance inquiries. The EFT networks may also charge certain fees related to the performance of these transactions. We refer to the net of this income and fees as reverse interchange. The amount of this reverse interchange income is determined by the card network associations and electronic funds transfer networks, and this income is subject to decrease at their discretion.
Several EFT networks that support ATM transactions, including Visa, MasterCard and Star, have implemented changes in their interchange reimbursement structure for ATM transactions that became effective beginning in January 2012 through April 2012. These changes materially reduced the net reimbursement that we received from ATM transactions processed on the respective networks. Contractually, we are allowed to pass these changes on to the substantial majority of our customers, however, certain of our contracts with gaming operators do not enable us to pass through such amounts. If our transaction volumes remain constant and the net reimbursement for ATM transactions is reduced, a material adverse impact on our revenues and operating results may occur.
We pay interchange and other network fees for services to the credit card associations and EFT networks that they provide in settling transactions routed through their networks. Collectively we call these charges interchange fees. Subject to the limitations imposed by Federal regulations such as the Durbin Amendment or other regulations that may be enacted, the amounts of these interchange fees are determined based upon the sole discretion of the card associations and EFT networks, and are subject to increase at any time. Although certain of our contracts enable us to pass through increases in interchange or other network processing fees to our customers, competitive pressures might prevent us from passing all or some of these fees through to our customers in the future. To the extent that we are unable to pass through to our customers all or any portion of any increase in interchange or other network processing fees, our cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) would increase and our net income would decrease, assuming no change in transaction volumes. Any such decrease in net income could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and operating results.
The card associations and EFT networks may also elect to impose new membership fees, or other fees, or implement new rules and regulations with respect to processing transactions through their networks, and
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any such new fees, rules or regulations could have a material adverse effect on our business and operating results.
The provision of our credit card access, POS debit and ATM services are dependent upon our continued sponsorship into the VISA and MasterCard card associations, and the suspension or termination of our sponsorship would result in a material adverse effect on our business.
We process virtually all of our credit card cash access, POS debit and ATM service transactions through the VISA and MasterCard card associations both domestically and internationally, and virtually all of the revenue that we derive from our credit card cash access, POS debit and ATM services is dependent upon our continued sponsorship into the VISA and MasterCard associations. We cannot provide these services without sponsorship into the VISA and MasterCard associations by a member financial institution. Our failure to maintain our current sponsorship arrangements or secure alternative sponsorship arrangements into the VISA and MasterCard associations would have a material adverse effect on our business.
We are subject to extensive rules and regulations of card associations, including MasterCard, VISA, and electronic payment networks that are always subject to change, which may harm our business.
A substantial portion of our revenues are derived from transactions subject to the extensive rules and regulations of the leading card associations, VISA, and MasterCard. The rules and regulations do not expressly address some of the contexts and settings in which we process cash access transactions, or do so in a manner subject to varying interpretations. As an example, we and certain of our providers must comply with the PCI Data Security Standard. The failure by any of such providers to comply with such standards could result in our being fined or being prohibited from processing transactions through MasterCard, VISA and other card and payment networks.
The card associations' and payment networks' rules and regulations are always subject to change, and the card associations or payment networks may modify their rules and regulations from time to time. Our inability to anticipate changes in rules, regulations or the interpretation or application thereof may result in substantial disruption to our business. In the event that the card associations, payment networks or our sponsoring banks determine that the manner in which we process certain types of card transactions is not in compliance with existing rules and regulations, or if the card associations or payment networks adopt new rules or regulations that prohibit or restrict the manner in which we process certain types of card transactions, we may be forced to pay a fine, modify the manner in which we operate our business or stop processing certain types of cash access transactions altogether, any of which could have a material negative impact on our business and operating results.
We also process transactions involving the use of the proprietary credit cards such as those offered by Discover Card and American Express as well as other regional cards issued in certain international markets. The rules and regulations of the proprietary credit card networks that service these cards present risks to us that are similar to those posed by the rules and regulations of VISA and MasterCard and payment networks.
Our ATM service business is subject to extensive rules and regulations, which may harm our business.
Our ATM services are subject to the applicable federal, state and local banking regulations in each jurisdiction in which we operate ATMs, which regulations relate to the imposition of daily limits on the amounts that may be withdrawn from ATMs, the location of ATMs and our ability to surcharge cardholders who use our ATMs and the notices and form of notices that must be disclosed with respect to the fees we charge to patrons in connection with our ATM services. These regulations may impose significant burdens on our ability to operate ATMs profitably in some locations, or at all and our business operating results could be adversely affected. Moreover, because these regulations are subject to change,
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we may be forced to modify our ATM operations in a manner inconsistent with the assumptions upon which we relied when entering into contracts to provide ATM services at gaming establishments.
If federal, state, local or foreign authorities adopt new laws or regulations or raise enforcement levels on existing laws and regulations that make it more difficult for us to operate our ATM business, then our revenues and earnings may be negatively affected. If legislation or regulations are enacted in the future that adversely impact our ATM business, we may be forced to modify our operations in a manner inconsistent with the assumptions upon which we relied when entering into contracts to provide ATMs at gaming establishments; and our business, financial condition and operating results would be harmed.
ATMs are subject to requirements of the Americans with Disabilities Act which in general require that ATMs be accessible to individuals with disabilities, such as visually-impaired persons. New and stricter regulations under the Americans with Disabilities Act regarding accessibility to ATMs went into effect in March 2013. If we are unable to maintain compliance with these stricter regulations, our business financial condition and operating results could be harmed.
We may experience increased capital requirements, accelerated depreciation expense, and asset write-offs in connection with new technology standards being implemented in the U.S. regarding chip-based cards, which could cause a material adverse effect on our financial condition and operating results.
In 1994, Europay, MasterCard, and Visa jointly developed new card security features ("EMV") designed to deter fraudulent card transactions related to identity theft, counterfeit cards, and the misuse of lost or stolen cards via enhanced card authentication, transaction authorization, and cardholder verification using chip based smart-cards. EMV has been adopted in many regions of the world as the global standard for fraud deterrence in chip based smart-card payments.
The U.S. payments industry has until recently continued to rely on magnetic stripe cards instead of EMV compliant chip based cards, however U.S. card issuers are beginning to offer EMV capable chip based smart cards, and beginning on October 1, 2015, the U.S. payment card industry will begin shifting liability for fraudulent transactions generated through EMV capable cards onto merchants whose devices are not capable of processing chip based smart card EMV transactions. This shifts the responsibility for chargebacks due to fraudulent transactions on such cards from the card issuer onto the merchant.
We are classified as a merchant for purposes of our cash access transactions so we must upgrade or replace our existing fleet of U.S. based devices to accept the EMV standard. This requires us to upgrade the software on a significant portion of our currently deployed fleet of U.S. based POS, kiosk and ATM devices. Additionally, we may have to replace a portion of our devices with newer devices equipped with the minimum hardware requirements to support EMV. The costs involved with upgrading our fleet may cause us to incur increased capital expenditures related to device replacement.
Additionally, if we fail to comply with these new requirements in time, we will bear the chargeback risk for fraudulent transactions generated through EMV enabled cards, or we may experience a decrease in transaction volume if we cannot process transactions at all for cardholders whose issuer has migrated entirely from magnetic stripe to chip based smart-cards.
We are subject to extensive governmental gaming regulation, which may harm our business.
We are subject to a variety of regulations in the jurisdictions in which we operate. Most of the gaming regulators in jurisdictions in which we operate distinguish between gaming-related suppliers and vendors, such as manufacturers of slot machine or other gaming devices, and non-gaming suppliers and vendors, such as food and beverage purveyors and construction contractors. In general, in those jurisdictions where we provide cash access and Central Credit services but do not sell or service slot machine ticket redemption devices or jackpot kiosks, we are typically characterized as a non-gaming supplier or vendor and we must obtain a non-gaming supplier's or vendor's license, qualification or approval. The obtaining of
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these licenses, qualifications or approvals and the regulations imposed on non-gaming suppliers and vendors are typically less stringent than for gaming related suppliers and vendors. However, some of the gaming regulators in jurisdictions in which we do business do not distinguish between gaming-related and non-gaming related suppliers and vendors, and in those jurisdictions we currently are subject to the same stringent licensing, qualification and approval requirements and regulations that are imposed upon vendors and suppliers that would be characterized as gaming-related in other jurisdictions. Such requirements include licensure or finding of suitability for some of our officers, directors and beneficial owners of our securities. If gaming regulatory authorities were to find any such officer, director or beneficial owner unsuitable, or if any such officer, director, or beneficial owner fails to comply with any licensure requirements, we would be required to sever our relationship with that person. Severing our relationship with a person may require such individual to cease providing services to us in any capacity, including as an officer, director, employee or consultant, and to divest himself, herself or itself of all or substantially all equity interests in us, and require us to refrain from conducting any business or maintaining any business relationship with such person or any entity that such person is a director, officer or stockholder of or otherwise affiliated with. Any of the foregoing could be costly to us and materially disruptive of our management and operations. Our failure to sever our relationship with a person in a manner acceptable to the gaming regulatory authorities or at all may result in the loss or denial of licensure or a finding of unsuitability, which loss or denial of licensure or finding of unsuitability by a gaming regulatory authority may prohibit us from continuing to operate in such jurisdiction. Any loss, denial of licensure or finding of unsuitability in any one jurisdiction would likely result in similar adverse regulatory actions in several other jurisdictions, resulting in a domino effect of adverse regulatory actions.
The State of Nevada adopted amendments to the Nevada Gaming Control Act, in 2012, with respect to the licensure of cash access providers. In general, these amendments require companies that provide cash access services to gaming establishments within the State of Nevada to obtain and maintain a cash access service provider license from the Nevada Gaming Commission. In general, the licensure requirements for a cash access service provider are substantially similar to those imposed upon applicants for non-restricted gaming licenses. We were granted a cash access service provider license as well as a finding of suitability as a manufacturer and distributor of associated equipment by the Nevada Gaming Commission in March 2012. Our failure to maintain either the cash access service provider license or a finding of suitability from the Nevada Gaming Commission will have a material adverse effect on our business.
We are required to obtain and maintain a gaming-related supplier's license in those jurisdictions where we sell and service gaming-related devices. Although we have obtained the necessary gaming related supplier's license in a substantial majority of those jurisdictions where we sell and service slot machine ticket redemption devices and jackpot kiosks, we are currently operating under temporary approvals in some of these jurisdictions. As discussed above, the initial and ongoing licensure requirements imposed on gaming-related suppliers as compared to non-gaming related vendors or suppliers are, in general, substantially more burdensome. Such licensure requirements may include, but are not limited to the following: requiring the licensure or finding of suitability of any of our officers, directors, key employees or beneficial owners of our securities, as well as our key third party vendors, suppliers, customers and other companies with whom we conduct business; the termination or disassociation with such officer, director, key employee or beneficial owner of our securities that fails to file an application or to obtain a license or finding of suitability; the submission of detailed financial and operating reports; the submission of reports of material loans, leases and financing; and, the regulatory approval of some commercial transactions, such as the transfer or pledge of equity interests in the Company. These regulatory burdens are imposed upon gaming-related suppliers or vendors on an ongoing basis and there is no guarantee that we will be successful in obtaining and maintaining all necessary licenses and permits and to continue to hold other necessary gaming licenses and permits to conduct our business in the same manner we do currently. In addition, we also may be required to submit software and other key technology components of our slot machine ticket redemption devices to government or third party gaming laboratories for testing and certification prior to deploying such devices in a particular gaming jurisdiction.
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Regulatory authorities at the federal, state, local and tribal levels have broad powers with respect to the licensing of gaming-related activities and may revoke, suspend, condition or limit our licenses, impose substantial fines and take other actions against us or the gaming establishments that are our customers, any one of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results. Any new gaming license or related approval that may be required in the future may not be granted, and our existing licenses may not be renewed or may be revoked, suspended or limited. If additional gaming regulations are adopted in a jurisdiction in which we operate, such regulations could impose restrictions or costs that could have a material adverse effect on our business. From time to time, various proposals are introduced in the legislatures of some of the jurisdictions in which we have existing or planned operations that, if enacted, could adversely affect the tax, regulatory, operational or other aspects of the gaming industry or cash access in the gaming industry. Legislation of this type may be enacted in the future.
Some of the new products and services that we may develop cannot be offered in the absence of regulatory approval of the product or service or licensing of us, or both. These approvals could require that we and our officers, directors or ultimate beneficial owners obtain a license or be found suitable and that the product or service be approved after testing and review. We may fail to obtain any such approvals in the future. When contracting with tribal owned or controlled gaming establishments, we become subject to tribal laws and regulations that may differ materially from the non-tribal laws and regulations under which we generally operate. In addition to tribal gaming regulations that may require us to provide disclosures or obtain licenses or permits to conduct our business on tribal lands, we may also become subject to tribal laws that govern our contracts. These tribal governing laws may not provide us with processes, procedures and remedies that enable us to enforce our rights as effectively and advantageously as the processes, procedures and remedies that would be afforded to us under non-tribal laws, or to enforce our rights at all. Many tribal laws permit redress to a tribal adjudicatory body to resolve disputes; however, such redress is largely untested in our experience. We may be precluded from enforcing our rights against a tribal body under the legal doctrine of sovereign immunity. A change in tribal laws and regulations or our inability to obtain required licenses or licenses to operate on tribal lands or enforce our contract rights under tribal law could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results.
Many of the financial services that we provide are subject to extensive rules and regulations, which may harm our business.
Our Central Credit gaming patron credit bureau services are subject to the Fair Credit Reporting Act, the Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act of 2003 and similar state laws. The collection practices that are used by our third party providers and us may be subject to the Fair Debt Collections Practices Act and applicable state laws relating to debt collection. All of our cash access services and patron marketing services are subject to the privacy provisions of state and federal law, including the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act. Our POS debit card transactions and ATM withdrawal services are subject to the Electronic Fund Transfer Act. Our ATM services are subject to the applicable state banking regulations in each jurisdiction in which we operate ATMs. Our ATM services may also be subject to state and local regulations relating to the imposition of daily limits on the amounts that may be withdrawn from ATMs, the location of ATMs, our ability to surcharge cardholders who use our ATMs and the notices and form of notices that must be disclosed regarding the provision of our ATM services. The cash access services we provide are subject to recordkeeping and reporting obligations under the Bank Secrecy Act and the USA PATRIOT Act of 2001. We are required to file suspicious activity reports, or SARs, with respect to transactions completed at all gaming establishments at which our cash access services are provided. If we are found to be noncompliant in any way with these laws, we could be subject to substantial civil and criminal penalties. In jurisdictions in which we serve as a check casher or offer our QuikCredit service, we are subject to the applicable state licensing requirements and regulations governing check cashing activities and deferred deposit service providers. We are also subject to various state licensing requirements and regulations governing money transmitters.
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We are subject to formal or informal audits, inquiries or reviews from time to time by the regulatory authorities that enforce these financial services rules and regulations. In the event that any regulatory authority determines that the manner in which we provide cash access services, patron marketing services, or gaming patron credit bureau services is not in compliance with existing rules and regulations; or the regulatory authorities adopt new rules or regulations that prohibit or restrict the manner in which we provide cash access services, patron marketing services, or gaming patron credit bureau services, then these regulatory authorities may force us to modify the manner in which we operate, or stop processing certain types of cash access transactions, providing patron marketing services or gaming patron credit bureau services altogether. We may also be required to pay substantial penalties and fines if we fail to comply with applicable rules and regulations. For example, if we fail to file CTRs or SARs on a timely basis or if we are found to be noncompliant in any way with either the Bank Secrecy Act or the USA PATRIOT Act of 2001, we could be subject to substantial civil and criminal penalties. In addition, our failure to comply with applicable rules and regulations could subject us to private litigation.
Consumer privacy laws may change, requiring us to change our business practices or expend significant amounts on compliance with such laws.
Our patron marketing and database services depend on our ability to collect and use non-public personal information relating to patrons who use our products and services and the transactions they consummate using our services. We are required by federal and state privacy laws and rules to safeguard and protect the privacy of such information, to make disclosures to patrons regarding our privacy and information sharing policies and, in some cases, to provide patrons an opportunity to "opt out" of the use of their information for certain purposes. The failure or circumvention of the means by which we safeguard and protect the privacy of information we gather may result in the dissemination of non-public personal information, which may harm our reputation and may expose us to liability to the affected individuals and regulatory enforcement proceedings or fines. Regulators reviewing our policies and practices may require us to modify our practices in a material or immaterial manner or impose fines or other penalties if they believe that our policies and practices do not meet the necessary standard. To the extent that our patron-marketing and database services have in the past failed or now or in the future fail to comply with applicable law, our privacy policies or the notices that we provide to patrons, we may become subject to actions by a regulatory authority or patrons which cause us to pay monetary penalties or require us to modify the manner in which we provide patron-marketing and database services. To the extent that patrons exercise their right to "opt out," our ability to leverage existing and future databases of information would be curtailed. Consumer and data privacy laws are evolving, and due to recent high profile thefts and losses of sensitive consumer information from protected databases, such laws may be broadened in their scope and application, impose additional requirements and restrictions on gathering, encrypting and using patron information or narrow the types of information that may be collected or used for marketing or other purposes or require patrons to "opt-in" to the use of their information for specific purposes, or impose additional fines or potentially costly compliance requirements which will hamper the value of our patron-marketing and database services.
Our proposed strategy of providing various payment and funding solutions for wager-based online casino and lottery games in the United States is subject to a nascent and uncertain legal and regulatory environment and various business risks typically associated with developing and launching a new product, service or solution.
Until late 2011, the Federal government had interpreted the Wire Act to ban all types of online, wager-based casino gaming activity such as online poker. Several states have passed implementing legislation to allow certain intra-state, wager-based, online casino or lottery gaming activity such as online poker based on the United States Department of Justice's recent interpretation in late 2011 that the prohibitions of the Wire Act are limited to sports-related wager-based online gaming or lottery activity. Although these states have adopted implementing legislation authorizing certain wager-based casino or lottery games, the legislative and regulatory environment surrounding online wager-based casino and lottery games in the
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United States remains uncertain and complex and it is unclear how this legislative and regulatory framework will evolve in the future. Many of these states have yet to introduce or finalize regulations regarding the licensing and operational requirements regarding online, wager-based activity including the licensing and technological requirements relating to the funding and processing of payments relating to online, wager-based casino and lottery gaming activities. Although some online wager-based casino and lottery activities have occurred under this State legislation, it is unclear whether a sustainable Internet gaming market can develop in the United States, absent specific federal legislation governing such activity. In addition, the funding of online casino gaming activity will also be subject to the requirement of the Unlawful Internet Gaming Enforcement Act which may prohibit or significantly impede the funding of online, wager-based gaming activity.
This uncertain and evolving legal and regulatory environment may make it difficult to execute on our proposed strategy of providing various payment and funding solutions for online, wager-based casino and lottery games. Our ability to provide such solutions is subject to a variety of business risks associated with launching a new product, service or solution, including, without limitation, our reliance upon third party technology providers, our ability to successfully market and sell such solutions, cost overruns, and our ability to obtain all necessary legal and regulatory approvals to provide such solutions.
Risks related to our capital structure
Our common stock has been publicly traded since September 2005 and we expect that the price of our common stock will fluctuate substantially.
There has been a public market for our common stock since September 2005. The market price of our common stock may fluctuate significantly in response to a number of factors, some of which are beyond our control, including those described above under "—Risks related to our business," "—Risks related to the industry" and the following:
•
our failure to maintain our current customers, including because of consolidation in the gaming industry; 

•
increases in commissions paid to gaming establishments as a result of competition; 

•
increases in interchange rates, processing fees or other fees paid by us; 

•
decreases in reverse interchange rates paid to us; 

•
actual or anticipated fluctuations in our or our competitors' revenue, operating results or growth rate; 

•
our inability to adequately protect or enforce our intellectual property rights; 

•
any adverse results in litigation initiated by us or by others against us; 

•
our inability to make payments on our outstanding indebtedness as they become due or our inability to undertake actions that might otherwise benefit us based on the financial and other restrictive covenants contained in the Senior Credit Facility; 

•
the loss, or failure, of a significant supplier or strategic partner to provide the goods or services that we require from them; 

•
our inability to introduce successful, new products and services in a timely manner or the introduction of new products or services by our competitors that reduce the demand for our products and services; 

•
our failure to successfully enter new markets or the failure of new markets to develop in the time and manner that we anticipate; 

•
announcements by our competitors of significant new contracts or contract renewals or of new products or services;
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•
changes in general economic conditions, financial markets, the gaming industry or the payments processing industry; 

•
the trading volume of our common stock; 

•
sales of common stock or other actions by our current officers, directors and stockholders; 

•
acquisitions, strategic alliances or joint ventures involving us or our competitors; 

•
future sales of our common stock or other securities; 

•
the failure of securities analysts to cover our common stock or changes in financial estimates or recommendations by analysts; 

•
our failure to meet the revenue, net income or earnings per share estimates of securities analysts or investors; 

•
additions or departures of key personnel; 

•
terrorist acts, theft, vandalism, fires, floods or other natural disasters; and 

•
rumors or speculation as to any of the above which we may be unable to confirm or deny due to disclosure restrictions imposed on us by law or which we otherwise deem imprudent to comment upon.
Future sales of our common stock may cause the market price of our common stock to drop significantly, even if our business is doing well.
The market price of our common stock could decline as a result of sales of additional shares of our common stock by us or our stockholders or the perception that these sales could occur.
In the future, we may issue additional shares, or options to purchase additional shares, to our employees, directors and consultants, in connection with corporate alliances or acquisitions and in follow-on offerings to raise additional capital. Based on all of these factors, sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock in the public market could occur at any time. These sales could reduce the market price of our common stock. In addition, future sales of our common stock by our stockholders could make it more difficult for us to sell additional shares of our common stock or other securities in the future.
Changing conditions could impact our stock repurchase program.
In October 2012, our Board of Directors authorized a new share repurchase program of up to $40.0 million during a two year period. The repurchase program authorizes us to buy our common stock from time to time through open market, privately negotiated or other transactions, including pursuant to trading plans established in accordance with Rules 10b5-1 and 10b-18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or by a combination of such methods. The share repurchase program is subject to prevailing market conditions and other considerations and may be suspended or discontinued at any time. In addition, we may not utilize the entire amount approved by the Board of Directors.
Some provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws may delay or prevent transactions that many stockholders may favor.
Some provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws may have the effect of delaying, discouraging, or preventing a merger or acquisition that our stockholders may consider favorable or a change in our management or our Board of Directors. These provisions:
•
divide our Board of Directors into three separate classes serving staggered three-year terms, which will have the effect of requiring at least two annual stockholder meetings instead of one, to replace a
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majority of our directors, which could have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in our control or management;
•
provide that special meetings of stockholders can only be called by our Board of Directors, Chairman of the Board or Chief Executive Officer. In addition, the business permitted to be conducted at any special meeting of stockholders is limited to the business specified in the notice of such meeting to the stockholders; 

•
provide for an advance notice procedure with regard to business to be brought before a meeting of stockholders which may delay or preclude stockholders from bringing matters before a meeting of stockholders or from making nominations for directors at a meeting of stockholders, which could delay or deter takeover attempts or changes in management; 

•
eliminate the right of stockholders to act by written consent so that all stockholder actions must be effected at a duly called meeting; 

•
provide that directors may only be removed for cause with the approval of stockholders holding a majority of our outstanding voting stock; 

•
provide that vacancies on our Board of Directors may be filled by a majority, although less than a quorum, of directors in office and that our Board of Directors may fix the number of directors by resolution; 

•
allow our Board of Directors to issue shares of preferred stock with rights senior to those of the common stock and that otherwise could adversely affect the rights and powers, including voting rights and the right to approve or not to approve an acquisition or other change in control, of the holders of common stock, without any further vote or action by the stockholders; and 

•
do not provide for cumulative voting for our directors, which may make it more difficult for stockholders owning less than a majority of our stock to elect any directors to our Board of Directors. In addition, we are also subject to Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which provides, subject to enumerated exceptions, that if a person acquires 15% or more of our voting stock, the person is an "interested stockholder" and may not engage in "business combinations" with us for a period of three years from the time the person acquired 15% or more of our voting stock.
These provisions may have the effect of entrenching our management team and may deprive our stockholders of the opportunity to sell shares to potential acquirers at a premium over prevailing prices. This potential inability to obtain a premium could reduce the price of our common stock.
ITEM 1B.    UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.
ITEM 2.    PROPERTIES
Our headquarters are located in a facility in Las Vegas, Nevada consisting of approximately 59,000 square feet of office space, which is under a lease through April 2023. We also lease several other properties that are used to support all our products and services.
We believe that these facilities are adequate for our business as presently conducted.
ITEM 3.    LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We are subject to a variety of claims and suits that arise from time to time in the ordinary course of business. We do not believe the liabilities, if any, which may ultimately result from the outcome of such matters, individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse impact on our financial position, liquidity or results of operations.
ITEM 4.    MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
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 PART II
ITEM 5.    MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Our common stock has traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol "GCA" since September 2005. On February 28, 2014 there were three holders of record of our common stock. Because many of our shares of common stock are held by brokers and other institutions on behalf of stockholders, we are unable to estimate the total number of beneficial stockholders represented by these record holders.
The following table sets forth for the indicated periods, the high and low sale prices per share of our common stock:

								
 	 	Price Range	 	
 	 	High	 	Low	 	
2013	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
First Quarter	 	$	8.27	 	$	6.12	 	
Second Quarter	 	 	7.43	 	 	5.71	 	
Third Quarter	 	 	8.17	 	 	6.15	 	
Fourth Quarter	 	 	10.42	 	 	7.51	 	
2012	 	 	

First Quarter	 	$	7.83	 	$	4.47	 	
Second Quarter	 	 	8.71	 	 	6.28	 	
Third Quarter	 	 	8.51	 	 	6.28	 	
Fourth Quarter	 	 	8.19	 	 	6.74	 	
On March 4, 2014, the closing sale price of our common stock on the New York Stock Exchange was $8.61.
Dividend Policy
We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our capital stock. We currently intend to retain all our earnings to finance the growth and development of our business. Any future change in our dividend policy will be made at the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend on contractual restrictions, our results of operations, earnings, capital requirements and other factors considered relevant by our Board of Directors. In addition, the Senior Credit Facility limits the ability of GCA and Holdings to declare and pay cash dividends.
Common Stock Repurchases
Our current share repurchase program grants us the authority to repurchase up to $40.0 million of our outstanding common stock over a two year period, which commenced in the first quarter of 2013. We have repurchased approximately 2.6 million shares of common stock for cash of $18.2 million under the share repurchase program for the year ended December 31, 2013. We did not have any common stock repurchases under the program for the year ended December 31, 2012. We completed the share repurchases with cash on hand. The repurchase program authorizes us to buy our common stock from time to time through open market, privately negotiated or other transactions, including pursuant to trading plans established in accordance with Rules 10b5-1 and 10b-18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or by a combination of such methods. The share repurchase program is subject to prevailing market conditions and other considerations and may be suspended or discontinued at any time.
We repurchased or withheld from restricted stock awards 14,901, 38,331 and 59,167 shares of common stock at an aggregate purchase price of $0.1 million, $0.3 million and $0.2 million to satisfy the minimum applicable tax withholding obligations incident to the vesting of such restricted stock awards for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
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 ISSUER PURCHASES AND WITHHOLDING OF EQUITY SECURITIES

														
 	 	Total Number of
Shares
Purchased or
Withheld	 	Average Price
per Share
Purchased or
Withheld	 	Total Number of Shares
Purchased as Part of
Publicly Announced
Plans or Programs	 	Maximum
Approximate Dollar
Value of Shares
that May Yet Be
Purchased Under
the Plans or
Programs	 	
 	 	(000's)	 	 	 	(000's)	 	(000's)	 	
Rule 10b-18 Repurchases	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
10/1/13 - 10/31/13	 	 	322	(1)	$	7.97	(2)	 	322	(1)	$	22,892	(3)	
11/1/13 - 11/30/13	 	 	16	(1)	 	8.21	(2)	 	16	(1)	 	22,758	(3)	
12/1/13 - 12/31/13	 	 	105	(1)	 	9.51	(2)	 	105	(1)	 	21,759	(3)	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Sub-Total	 	 	443	(1)	 	8.34	(2)	 	443	(1)	 	 	 	
Tax Withholdings	 	 	

 	 	 	
 	 	
10/1/13 - 10/31/13	 	 	2	(4)	$	7.91	(5)	 	—	 	$	—	 	
11/1/13 - 11/30/13	 	 	0.5	(4)	 	8.64	(5)	 	—	 	 	—	 	
12/1/13 - 12/31/13	 	 	0.5	(4)	 	9.29	(5)	 	—	 	 	—	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Sub-Total	 	 	3	(4)	 	8.29	(5)	 	—	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Total	 	 	446	 	$	8.34	 	 	443	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	

(1)
Represents the number of shares repurchased during the three months ended December 31, 2013, pursuant to the share repurchase program that our Board of Directors has authorized and approved giving us the authority to repurchase up to $40.0 million of our outstanding common stock over a two year period, which commenced in the first quarter of 2013. This share repurchase program supersedes all prior share repurchase programs.

(2)
Represents the weighted average price per share of common stock repurchased pursuant to the Rule 10b-18 share buyback program.

(3)
Represents the maximum approximate dollar value of shares of common stock available for repurchase pursuant to the Rule 10b-18 share repurchase authorization at the end of the stated period.

(4)
Represents the shares of common stock that were withheld from restricted stock awards to satisfy the minimum applicable tax withholding obligations incident to the vesting of such restricted stock awards. There are no limitations on the number of shares of common stock that may be withheld from restricted stock awards to satisfy the minimum tax withholding obligations incident to the vesting of restricted stock awards.

(5)
Represents the average price per share of common stock withheld from restricted stock awards on the date of withholding.
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STOCK PERFORMANCE GRAPH
The line graph below compares the cumulative total stockholder return on our common stock with the cumulative total return of the Standard & Poor's ("S&P") 500 Index and the S&P Information Technology Index during the five year period ended December 31, 2013.
The graph assumes that $100 was invested on December 31, 2008 in our common stock, in the S&P 500 Index and the S&P Information Technology Index, and that all dividends were reinvested. The S&P 500 Index and the S&P Information Technology Index are based on the calendar month end closing prices. The comparisons in the graph are required by the SEC and are not intended to forecast or be indicative of possible future performance of our common stock.

 COMPARISON OF 5 YEAR CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN*
 Among Global Cash Access Holdings, Inc., the S&P 500 Index, and the S&P Information
Technology Index

*
$100 invested on 12/31/08 in stock or index, including reinvestment of dividends. Fiscal year ended December 31.
This graph is not "soliciting material," is not deemed filed with the SEC and is not to be incorporated by reference in any filing by us under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), or the Exchange Act, whether made before or after the date hereof and irrespective of any general incorporation language in any such filing.
The stock price performance included in this graph is not necessarily indicative of future stock price performance.
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ITEM 6.    SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The following selected historical financial data has been derived from, and should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes and "Item 7—Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" thereto included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Our selected consolidated financial data may not be indicative of our future financial condition or results of operations (in thousands, except per share amounts).

																	
 	 	Year Ended December 31,	 	
 	 	2013	 	2012	 	2011	 	2010	 	2009	 	
Income Statement Data	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Revenues	 	$	582,444	 	$	584,486	 	$	544,063	 	$	605,590	 	$	667,720	 	
Operating income	 	 	49,150	 	 	55,982	 	 	38,296	 	 	52,630	 	 	72,054	 	
Net income	 	 	24,398	 	 	25,689	 	 	9,129	 	 	17,550	 	 	33,582	 	
Net income attributable to Global Cash Access Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries	 	 	24,398	 	 	25,689	 	 	9,129	 	 	17,494	 	 	33,638	 	
Basic earnings per share	 	 	

 	 	 	

Net income	 	$	0.37	 	$	0.39	 	$	0.14	 	$	0.27	 	$	0.45	 	
Net income attributable to Global Cash Access Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries	 	$	0.37	 	$	0.39	 	$	0.14	 	$	0.27	 	$	0.45	 	
Diluted earnings per share	 	 	

 	 	 	

Net income	 	$	0.36	 	$	0.38	 	$	0.14	 	$	0.26	 	$	0.45	 	
Net income attributable to Global Cash Access Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries	 	$	0.36	 	$	0.38	 	$	0.14	 	$	0.26	 	$	0.45	 	
Weighted average common shares outstanding	 	 	

 	 	 	

Basic	 	 	66,014	 	 	65,933	 	 	64,673	 	 	65,903	 	 	74,232	 	
Diluted	 	 	67,205	 	 	67,337	 	 	64,859	 	 	67,272	 	 	75,356	 	
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 	 	At and For the Year Ended December 31,	 	
 	 	2013	 	2012	 	2011	 	2010	 	2009	 	
Balance sheet data	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Cash and cash equivalents	 	$	114,254	 	$	153,020	 	$	55,535	 	$	60,636	 	$	84,768	 	
Total assets	 	 	527,327	 	 	553,895	 	 	529,067	 	 	458,394	 	 	501,767	 	
Total borrowings	 	 	103,000	 	 	121,500	 	 	174,000	 	 	208,750	 	 	249,750	 	
Stockholders' equity	 	 	218,604	 	 	198,759	 	 	159,858	 	 	143,478	 	 	145,409	 	
Cash flow data	 	 	

 	 	 	

Net cash provided by operating activities	 	$	4,334	 	$	157,488	 	$	54,252	 	$	68,898	 	$	90,963	 	
Net cash used in investing activities	 	 	(13,990	)	 	(12,531	)	 	(18,183	)	 	(24,492	)	 	(7,235	)	
Net cash used in financing activities	 	 	(29,183	)	 	(46,783	)	 	(41,227	)	 	(68,845	)	 	(74,425	)	
Other data	 	 	

 	 	 	

Aggregate dollar amount processed (in billions)	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Cash advance	 	$	4.9	 	$	4.8	 	$	4.3	 	$	5.0	 	$	5.7	 	
ATM	 	$	12.9	 	$	13.6	 	$	12.2	 	$	13.6	 	$	14.5	 	
Check warranty	 	$	1.1	 	$	1.2	 	$	1.1	 	$	1.1	 	$	1.5	 	
Number of transactions completed (in millions)	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Cash advance	 	 	8.8	 	 	9.0	 	 	8.4	 	 	10.1	 	 	11.7	 	
ATM	 	 	66.2	 	 	72.3	 	 	68.8	 	 	78.3	 	 	83.4	 	
Check warranty	 	 	3.7	 	 	4.3	 	 	4.4	 	 	4.9	 	 	6.3	 	
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ITEM 7.    MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes contained herein and the information included in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. This discussion includes "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. All statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K other than statements of historical fact are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties. Our actual results may differ materially from those projected or assumed in such forward-looking statements. Among the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially are the risk factors discussed under Item 1A. All forward-looking statements and risk factors included in this document are made as of the date of this report, based on information available to us as of such date. We assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statement or risk factor.
Overview
We are a global provider of cash access services and related equipment and services to the gaming industry. Our products and services: (a) provide gaming establishment patrons access to cash through a variety of methods, including Automated Teller Machine ("ATM") cash withdrawals, credit card cash access transactions, point-of-sale ("POS") debit card transactions, check verification and warranty services and money transfers; (b) provide cash access devices and related services, such as slot machine ticket redemption and jackpot kiosks to the gaming industry; (c) provide products and services that improve credit decision-making, automate cashier operations and enhance patron marketing activities for gaming establishments; and (d) provide online payment processing solutions for gaming operators in states that offer intra-state, Internet-based gaming and lottery activities.
Factors Affecting Comparability:
Our consolidated financial statements included in this report that present our financial condition and results of operations reflect the following transactions and events:
•
In May 2013, we entered into a second amendment to our Credit Agreement that reduces the interest rate on borrowings under the term loan facility from LIBOR plus a margin of 5.5% (subject to a minimum LIBOR rate of 1.50%) to LIBOR plus a margin of 3.0% (subject to a minimum LIBOR rate of 1.0%). 

•
In the second quarter 2012, card associations implemented a reduction in the interchange fees paid by issuing banks on ATM transactions, thereby decreasing the amount of revenue on our ATM transactions. 

•
In November 2011, we acquired substantially all of the assets of MCA Processing LLC. MCA was a provider of ATM, debit card and credit card cash access services to gaming establishments and also manufactured, sold, licensed and serviced redemption kiosk devices. The results of operations of MCA Processing have been reflected in the applicable business segment financial information following this acquisition. 

•
In October 2011, the Durbin Amendment, which imposes caps on the amount of debit card interchange fees, was implemented, and materially reduced the amount of interchange expense that we incurred for PIN-based and signature based debit card transactions during the fourth quarter of 2011 and the full years 2012 and 2013, as described in more detail in the Trends section below. 

•
In March 2011, GCA and Holdings entered into the Senior Credit Facility, consisting of a $210.0 million term loan facility and a $35.0 million revolving credit facility. All $210.0 million of available borrowings under the term loan facility and $4.0 million of available borrowings under the revolving credit facility were borrowed concurrent with the establishment of the Senior Credit Facility and we used substantially
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all of these proceeds to repay indebtedness under our existing senior secured credit facilities and the senior subordinated notes.
As a result of the above transactions and events, the results of operations and earnings per share in the periods covered by the consolidated financial statements may not be directly comparable.
Trends
Our strategic planning and forecasting processes include the consideration of economic and industry-wide trends that may impact our business. We have identified the more material positive and negative trends affecting our business as the following:
•
Although the gaming sector in the United States has experienced revenue declines over the last several years, in 2012, it stabilized, and modestly improved in 2013. 

•
The implementation of the Durbin Amendment in October 2011, and the implementation by the card associations of a reduction in the interchange fees paid by issuing banks on ATM transactions in 2012; both had a material impact on our financial performance in 2012. This is due to the decrease in the amount of interchange expense that we are required to pay on both PIN-based and signature-based debit card transactions and the decrease in revenue on our ATM transactions. Although these changes have been mostly realized, our exposure to various fees imposed by financial services, network card associations and other industry providers can significantly affect our profitability. 

•
Gaming activity continues to expand into more domestic and international markets. 

•
There continues to be a migration from the use of traditional paper checks and cash to electronic payments. 

•
The credit markets in the U.S. and around the world are volatile and unpredictable. 

•
We are facing increased competition from smaller competitors in the gaming cash access market and face additional competition from gaming equipment manufacturers and systems providers. This increased competition has resulted in pricing pressure and margin erosion with respect to our core cash access products and services. 

•
The cash access industry in the gaming sector has become increasingly competitive and is having an adverse effect on our operating margins with respect to new customers and existing customers that have renewed their cash access agreements with us. 

•
There is increasing governmental oversight related to the cost of transaction processing and related fees to the consumer. We expect the financial services and payments industry to respond to these legislative acts by changing other fees and costs, which may negatively impact our business in the future.
Principal Sources of Revenues and Expenses
Our principal sources of revenues include:
•
Cash advance revenues, which are comprised of transaction fees assessed to gaming patrons in connection with credit card cash access and POS debit card transactions, are recognized at the time the transactions are authorized. Such fees are based on a combination of a fixed amount plus a percentage of the face amount of the credit card cash access or POS debit card transaction amount. 

•
ATM revenues, which are comprised of transaction fees in the form of cardholder surcharges assessed to gaming patrons in connection with ATM cash withdrawals at the time the transactions are authorized and reverse interchange fees paid to us by the patrons' issuing banks. Cardholder surcharges are recognized as revenue when a transaction is initiated and reverse interchange is recognized as revenue on a monthly basis based on the total transactions occurring during the month. The cardholder
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surcharges assessed to gaming patrons in connection with ATM cash withdrawals are currently a fixed dollar amount and not a percentage of the transaction amount.
•
Check services revenues, which are principally comprised of check warranty revenues, are generally based upon a percentage of the face amount of checks warranted. These fees are paid to us by gaming establishments. In some cases, gaming establishments pass the fees onto patrons. 

•
Other revenues include amounts derived from the sale of cash access devices, such as slot machine ticket redemption and jackpot kiosks; and from the provision of certain professional services, software licensing, and certain other ancillary fees associated with the sale, installation and maintenance of those devices. In addition, other revenues consist of Central Credit revenues that are based upon either a flat monthly unlimited usage fee or a variable fee structure driven by the volume of patron credit histories generated. Also included in other revenues are revenues generated from ancillary marketing, database and Internet gaming activities.
Our principal costs and expenses include:
•
Cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization), which are costs and expenses directly related to the generation of revenue.
For credit card cash access and POS debit card transactions and ATM transactions, we pay a commission to the gaming establishment at which the transaction occurs. Commissions are the largest component of cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization). We expect commissions to increase as a percentage of revenue as new contracts are signed or existing contracts are renewed. We pay credit card associations and payment networks interchange fees for services they provide in routing transactions through their networks. In addition, we pay fees to participate in various payment networks to support our ATM services. These interchange fees are determined by the card associations and payment networks at their sole discretion, and are subject to increase at their discretion from time to time. Many of our cash access contracts enable us to pass through the amount of any increase in interchange or processing fees to our gaming establishment customers, who may in turn pass through these increases to patrons. In the past, the major card associations and payment networks have increased interchange rates at least annually, and they may do so in the future. We pay connectivity and processing fees to our network services providers.
For our check services transactions, we incur warranty expense for those checks we have warranted through our third party service provider that are dishonored upon presentment for payment. In addition, for our check services transactions, we may pay a commission to the gaming establishment at which the transaction occurs.
•
Other cost of revenues primarily include expenses related to our kiosk sales and services, our Central Credit service and our patron marketing activities. 

•
Operating expenses, which consist primarily of: (1) salaries and benefits, (2) operating costs to support our core cash access products and services, (3) professional fees, (4) telecommunications expenses, and (5) travel costs. 

•
Depreciation and amortization expenses, which consist primarily of the allocated costs over the duration of our tangible and intangible asset useful lives. 

•
Interest expense includes interest incurred on our borrowings and the amortization of deferred financing costs. Interest expense also includes the cash usage fees associated with the cash used in our ATMs. 

•
Our earnings are subject to taxation under the tax laws of the jurisdictions in which we operate.
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Results of Operations
Year Ended December 31, 2013 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2012
The following table sets forth the consolidated results of operations and percentages of total revenue (in thousands):

																				
 	 	December 31,
2013	 	December 31,
2012	 	December 31,
2013 vs 2012	 	
 	 	$	 	%	 	$	 	%	 	$ Variance	 	% Variance	 	
Revenues	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Cash advance	 	$	231,134	 	 	40	%	$	227,517	 	 	39	%	$	3,617	 	 	2	%	
ATM	 	 	286,049	 	 	49	%	 	303,159	 	 	52	%	 	(17,110	)	 	(6	)%	
Check services	 	 	21,611	 	 	4	%	 	25,401	 	 	4	%	 	(3,790	)	 	(15	)%	
Other revenues	 	 	43,650	 	 	7	%	 	28,409	 	 	5	%	 	15,241	 	 	54	%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Total revenues	 	 	582,444	 	 	100	%	 	584,486	 	 	100	%	 	(2,042	)	 	(0	)%	
Costs and expenses	 	 	

 	 	 	

 	 	
Cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)	 	 	439,794	 	 	76	%	 	436,059	 	 	74	%	 	3,735	 	 	1	%	
Operating expenses	 	 	76,562	 	 	13	%	 	75,806	 	 	13	%	 	756	 	 	1	%	
Depreciation	 	 	7,350	 	 	1	%	 	6,843	 	 	1	%	 	507	 	 	7	%	
Amortization	 	 	9,588	 	 	2	%	 	9,796	 	 	2	%	 	(208	)	 	(2	)%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Total costs and expenses	 	 	533,294	 	 	92	%	 	528,504	 	 	90	%	 	4,790	 	 	1	%	
Operating income	 	 	49,150	 	 	8	%	 	55,982	 	 	10	%	 	(6,832	)	 	(12	)%	
Other expenses	 	 	

 	 	 	

 	 	
Interest expense, net of interest income	 	 	10,265	 	 	2	%	 	15,519	 	 	3	%	 	(5,254	)	 	(34	)%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Total other expenses	 	 	10,265	 	 	2	%	 	15,519	 	 	3	%	 	(5,254	)	 	(34	)%	
Income from operations before tax	 	 	38,885	 	 	6	%	 	40,463	 	 	7	%	 	(1,578	)	 	(4	)%	
Income tax provision	 	 	14,487	 	 	2	%	 	14,774	 	 	3	%	 	(287	)	 	(2	)%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Net income	 	$	24,398	 	 	4	%	$	25,689	 	 	4	%	$	(1,291	)	 	(5	)%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total Revenues
Total revenues decreased by $2.0 million, or 0%, to $582.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 as compared to the prior year. This was due to lower ATM and Check Services revenues, partially offset by higher kiosk sales and an increase in Cash Advance revenues for the year ended December 31, 2013 as compared to the prior year.
Cash advance revenues increased by $3.6 million, or 2%, to $231.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 as compared to the prior year. This was primarily due to higher international cash advance revenues for the year ended December 31, 2013 as compared to the prior year.
ATM revenues decreased by $17.1 million, or 6%, to $286.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 as compared to the prior year. This was primarily due to lost business and lower transaction volume for the year ended December 31, 2013 as compared to the prior year.
Check services revenues decreased by $3.8 million, or 15%, to $21.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 as compared to the prior year. This was primarily due to lost business and a decrease in the number of check services transactions processed for the year ended December 31, 2013 as compared to the prior year.
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Other revenues increased by $15.2 million, or 54%, to $43.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 as compared to the prior year. This was primarily due to increased kiosk sales for the year ended December 31, 2013 as compared to the prior year.
Costs and Expenses
Cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) increased by $3.7 million, or 1%, to $439.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 as compared to the prior year. This was primarily due to increased commissions paid to our customers for new and renewed cash access services as well as costs associated with the increase in kiosk sales.
Operating expenses increased by $0.8 million, or 1%, to $76.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 as compared to the prior year. This was primarily due to higher payroll and related expenses and occupancy related expenses, partially offset by a decrease in non-cash stock compensation expense for the year ended December 31, 2013 as compared to the prior year.
Depreciation expenses increased by $0.5 million, or 7%, to $7.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 as compared to the prior year. This was primarily due to higher charges as additional fixed assets were placed into service for the year ended December 31, 2013 as compared to the prior year.
Amortization expenses decreased by $0.2 million, or 2%, to $9.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 as compared to the prior year. This was primarily due to certain capitalized costs that were fully amortized for the year ended December 31, 2013 as compared to the prior year.
Primarily as a result of the factors described above, operating income decreased by $6.8 million, or 12%, to $49.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 as compared to the prior year. The operating margin decreased to 8% for the year ended December 31, 2013 from 10% for the prior year.
Interest expense, net of interest income, decreased by $5.3 million, or 34%, to $10.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 as compared to the prior year. This was primarily due to a $3.6 million reduction in interest charges due to the lower outstanding debt balance and an amendment to our credit facility in late May 2013, which reduced the interest rate from 7% to 4%; a $0.9 million reduction in interest charges related to a lower average outstanding balance on the vault cash supplied by Wells Fargo and a slightly lower average cash usage rate; and a decrease in the interest charge associated with the change in fair value of the interest rate cap of approximately $0.8 million.
Income tax expense decreased by $0.3 million, or 2%, to $14.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 as compared to the prior year. This was primarily due to the decrease in income from operations before income tax expense of $1.6 million. The provision for income tax reflected an effective income tax rate of 37.3% for the year ended December 31, 2013, which was greater than the statutory federal rate of 35.0% due in part to state taxes and the non-cash compensation expenses related to stock options. The provision for income tax reflected an effective income tax rate of 36.5% for the prior year, which was greater than the statutory federal rate of 35.0% due in part to state taxes and the non-cash compensation expenses related to stock options.
Primarily as a result of the foregoing, net income decreased by $1.3 million, or 5%, to $24.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 as compared to the prior year.
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Year Ended December 31, 2012 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2011
The following table sets forth the consolidated results of operations and percentages of total revenue (in thousands):

																				
 	 	December 31,
2012	 	December 31,
2011	 	December 31,
2012 vs 2011	 	
 	 	$	 	%	 	$	 	%	 	$ Variance	 	% Variance	 	
Revenues	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Cash advance	 	$	227,517	 	 	39	%	$	203,869	 	 	37	%	$	23,648	 	 	12	%	
ATM	 	 	303,159	 	 	52	%	 	283,727	 	 	52	%	 	19,432	 	 	7	%	
Check services	 	 	25,401	 	 	4	%	 	26,269	 	 	5	%	 	(868	)	 	(3	)%	
Other revenues	 	 	28,409	 	 	5	%	 	30,198	 	 	6	%	 	(1,789	)	 	(6	)%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Total revenues	 	 	584,486	 	 	100	%	 	544,063	 	 	100	%	 	40,423	 	 	7	%	
Costs and expenses	 	 	

 	 	 	

 	 	
Cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)	 	 	436,059	 	 	74	%	 	419,606	 	 	77	%	 	16,453	 	 	4	%	
Operating expenses	 	 	75,806	 	 	13	%	 	69,517	 	 	13	%	 	6,289	 	 	9	%	
Depreciation	 	 	6,843	 	 	1	%	 	7,971	 	 	1	%	 	(1,128	)	 	(14	)%	
Amortization	 	 	9,796	 	 	2	%	 	8,673	 	 	2	%	 	1,123	 	 	13	%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Total costs and expenses	 	 	528,504	 	 	90	%	 	505,767	 	 	93	%	 	22,737	 	 	4	%	
Operating income	 	 	55,982	 	 	10	%	 	38,296	 	 	7	%	 	17,686	 	 	46	%	
Other expenses	 	 	

 	 	 	

 	 	
Interest expense, net of interest income	 	 	15,519	 	 	3	%	 	18,638	 	 	3	%	 	(3,119	)	 	(17	)%	
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	 	 	—	 	 	0	%	 	943	 	 	0	%	 	(943	)	 	(100	)%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Total other expenses	 	 	15,519	 	 	3	%	 	19,581	 	 	3	%	 	(4,062	)	 	(21	)%	
Income from operations before tax	 	 	40,463	 	 	7	%	 	18,715	 	 	4	%	 	21,748	 	 	116	%	
Income tax provision	 	 	14,774	 	 	3	%	 	9,586	 	 	2	%	 	5,188	 	 	54	%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Net income	 	$	25,689	 	 	4	%	$	9,129	 	 	2	%	$	16,560	 	 	181	%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total Revenues
Total revenues increased by $40.4 million, or 7%, to $584.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to the prior year. This was primarily due to revenues derived from the contracts acquired in the MCA asset acquisition for the year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to the prior year.
Cash advance revenues increased by $23.6 million, or 12%, to $227.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to the prior year. This was primarily due to the revenues derived from the contracts acquired in the MCA asset acquisition coupled with modest growth in our base business for the year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to the prior year.
ATM revenues increased by $19.4 million, or 7%, to $303.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to the prior year. This was primarily due to the growth in the revenues derived from the contracts acquired in the MCA asset purchase and an increase in surcharge revenues for the year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to the prior year. This was partially offset by the reduction in interchange reimbursement rates that were implemented by various card associations in the second quarter 2012 and lower transaction volume.
Check services revenues decreased by $0.9 million, or 3%, to $25.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to the prior year. This was primarily due to the decrease in the number of
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check services transactions by 0.2 million, or 5%, for the year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to the prior year.
Other revenues decreased by $1.8 million, or 6%, to $28.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to the prior year. This was primarily due to higher kiosk sales in the fourth quarter of the prior year from large casino openings.
Costs and Expenses
Cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) increased by $16.5 million, or 4%, to $436.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to the prior year. This was primarily due to the additional revenues discussed previously; however, the other significant impact on our cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) was a decrease in the interchange costs associated with the implementation of the Durbin Amendment in October of 2011.
Operating expenses increased by $6.3 million, or 9%, to $75.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to the prior year. This was primarily due to higher payroll and related expenses and ATM processing and direct costs related to the increased revenue from the MCA acquisition for the year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to the prior year.
Depreciation expenses decreased by $1.1 million, or 14%, to $6.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to the prior year. This was primarily due to lower charges as certain fixed assets were fully depreciated for the year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to the prior year.
Amortization expenses increased by $1.1 million, or 13%, to $9.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to the prior year. This was primarily due to the MCA acquisition and amortization of capitalized internal software costs for the year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to the prior year.
Primarily as a result of the factors described above, operating income increased by $17.7 million, or 46%, to $56.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to the prior year. The operating margin increased to 10% for the year ended December 31, 2012 from 7% for the prior year.
Interest expense, net of interest income, decreased by $4.1 million, or 21%, to $15.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to the prior year. The prior year figures included approximately $1.8 million that was associated with the debt refinancing in March of 2011, ($1.0 million loss on early extinguishment of debt and $0.8 million of defeasance costs related to the debt), and the remaining savings in 2012 came from a $3.5 million reduction in interest charges due to the lower outstanding debt balance. This decrease in interest expense was partially offset by a $0.3 million increase in interest charges related to a higher average outstanding balance on the vault cash supplied by Wells Fargo and a slightly higher average cash usage rate; and an interest charge associated with the change in fair value of the interest rate cap acquired in January 2012 of approximately $0.9 million.
Income tax expense was $14.8 million, an increase of $5.2 million, for the year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to the prior year. This was primarily due to the increase in income from operations before income tax expense of $21.7 million. The provision for income tax reflected an effective income tax rate of 36.5% for the year ended December 31, 2012, which was greater than the statutory federal rate of 35.0% primarily due to state taxes and the non-deductible, non-cash compensation expenses related to stock options. The provision for income tax reflected an effective income tax rate of 51.2% for the prior year, which was greater than the statutory federal rate of 35.0% primarily due to the negative impact by the expiration of certain equity awards to former officers, the re-valuation of our deferred tax assets due to a decrease in the effective state tax rate, the increase in the valuation allowance on state net operating loss carry forwards and an increase in the effect of stock options in proportion to lower pre-tax income amounts.
Primarily as a result of the foregoing, net income was $25.7 million, an increase of $16.6 million, or 181%, for the year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to the prior year.
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Critical Accounting Policies
The preparation of our financial statements in conformity with United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("GAAP") requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect our reported amounts of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities in our consolidated financial statements. The SEC has defined a company's critical accounting policies as the ones that are most important to the portrayal of the financial condition and results of operations, and which require management to make the most difficult and subjective judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about matters that are inherently uncertain. Based on this definition, we have identified our critical accounting policies as those addressed below. We also have other key accounting policies that involve the use of estimates, judgments and assumptions. You should review the notes to our consolidated financial statements for a summary of these policies. We believe that our estimates and assumptions are reasonable, based upon information presently available; however, actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
Goodwill.     We had approximately $180.1 million in net unamortized goodwill on our consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2013 resulting from our acquisitions of other businesses. We test for impairment annually on a reporting unit basis, as of October 1, or more often under certain circumstances. The annual impairment test is completed using either: a qualitative Step 0 assessment based on reviewing relevant events and circumstances; or a quantitative Step 1 assessment using an income approach that discounts future cash flows based on the estimated future results of our reporting units and a market approach that compares market multiples of comparable companies to determine whether or not any impairment exists. If the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, we use the Step 2 assessment to determine the impairment. Our most recent annual assessment was performed as of October 1, 2013. It was determined that no impairment adjustment was necessary. The annual evaluation of goodwill and other non-amortizing intangible assets requires the use of estimates about future operating results of each reporting unit to determine their estimated fair value. Changes in forecasted operations can materially affect these estimates, which could materially affect our results of operations.
Other Intangible Assets.     We have approximately $31.5 million in net unamortized other intangible assets on our consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2013 that consist primarily of customer contracts (rights to provide cash access services to gaming establishment customers) acquired through business combinations and acquisitions, capitalized software development costs and the acquisition cost of our patent related to the 3-in-1 rollover technology acquired in 2005, which expires in 2018. Customer contracts require us to make renewal assumptions, which impact the estimated useful lives of such assets. Capitalized software development costs require us to make certain judgments as to the stages of development and costs eligible for capitalization. Capitalized software costs placed in service are amortized over their useful lives, generally not to exceed three years. Changes in our assumptions and judgments to these other intangible assets could significantly affect our results of operations. The annual evaluation of other intangible assets is predicated upon the fair value of our reporting units and compared to the other intangible asset carrying values, which requires the use of estimates about future operating results. Changes in forecasted operations can materially affect these estimates, which could significantly affect our results of operations.
Income Taxes.     We are subject to income taxes in the United States as well as various states and foreign jurisdictions in which we operate. We account for income taxes in accordance with accounting guidance whereby deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements or income tax returns. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based upon differences between financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and their respective tax bases using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. We also follow accounting guidance to account for uncertainty in income taxes as recognized in our consolidated financial statements. The effect on the income tax provision and deferred tax assets and liabilities for a change in rates is
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recognized in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income in the period that includes the enactment date. We believe that it is more likely than not that we will be able to utilize our deferred tax assets. Therefore we have not provided material valuation allowances against our recorded deferred tax assets.
Revenue Recognition.     We recognize revenue when evidence of an arrangement exists, products have been delivered or services have been rendered, our price is fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. We evaluate our revenue streams for proper timing of revenue recognition.
Stock-Based Compensation.     Stock-based compensation expense for all awards is based on the grant date fair value estimated. Specifically, we estimate the weighted-average fair value of options granted using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model based on evaluation assumptions regarding expected volatility, dividend yield, risk-free interest rates, the expected term of the option and the expected forfeiture rate. Each of these assumptions, while reasonable, requires a certain degree of judgment and the fair value estimates could vary if the actual results are materially different than those initially applied.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Cash Flows
The following table summarizes our cash flows (in thousands):

																	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	Increase/(Decrease)	 	
 	 	Year Ended December 31,			 	
 			 	 	 	2012 vs 2011	 	
 	 	2013	 	2012	 	2011	 	2013 vs 2012			 	
Cash flow activities	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net cash provided by operating activities	 	$	4,334	 	$	157,488	 	$	54,252	 	$	(153,154	)	$	103,236	 	
Net cash used in investing activities	 	 	(13,990	)	 	(12,531	)	 	(18,183	)	 	(1,459	)	 	5,652	 	
Net cash used in financing activities	 	 	(29,183	)	 	(46,783	)	 	(41,227	)	 	17,600	 	 	(5,556	)	
Effect of exchange rates on cash	 	 	73	 	 	(689	)	 	57	 	 	762	 	 	(746	)	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Cash and cash equivalents	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net (decrease)/increase for the period          	 	 	(38,766	)	 	97,485	 	 	(5,101	)	 	(136,251	)	 	102,586	 	
Balance, beginning of the period	 	 	153,020	 	 	55,535	 	 	60,636	 	 	97,485	 	 	(5,101	)	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Balance, end of the period	 	$	114,254	 	$	153,020	 	$	55,535	 	$	(38,766	)	$	97,485	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Our principal source of liquidity is cash flows provided by operating activities, which were $4.3 million, $157.5 million and $54.3 million, for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Cash flows provided by operating activities decreased by $153.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 as compared to the prior year. This was primarily due to a decrease in working capital mostly associated with the timing of our settlement receivables and settlement liabilities based on the number of business days outstanding prior to the settlement of our cash access transactions at the end of each period for the year ended December 31, 2013 as compared to the prior year. Cash flows provided by operating activities increased by $103.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to the prior year. This was primarily due to an increase in working capital mostly associated with the timing of our settlement receivables and settlement liabilities based on the number of business days outstanding prior to the settlement of our cash access transactions at the end of each period and an increase in net income; partially offset by a decrease in non-cash expenses for the year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to the prior year.
Cash flows used in investing activities were $14.0 million, $12.5 million and $18.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Cash flows used in investing activities increased by $1.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 as compared to the prior year. This was primarily due to proceeds from the sale of fixed assets in the prior year, an increase in capital expenditures for the current year ended December 31, 2013 and changes in restricted cash and cash equivalents. Cash flows
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used in investing activities decreased by $5.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to the prior year. This was primarily due to the acquisition of substantially all the assets of MCA Processing LLC with cash consideration in 2011, proceeds from the sale of fixed assets and changes in restricted cash and cash equivalents; partially offset by increased capital expenditures for the year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to the prior year.
Cash flows used in financing activities were $29.2 million, $46.8 million and $41.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Cash flows used in financing activities decreased by $17.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 as compared to the prior year. This was primarily due to lower debt repayments and an increase in proceeds from the exercise of stock options; partially offset by purchases of treasury stock for the year ended December 31, 2013 as compared to the prior year. Cash flows used in financing activities increased by $5.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to the prior year. This was primarily due to increased debt repayments; partially offset by proceeds from the exercise of stock options for the year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to the prior year.
Borrowings
In March 2011, we refinanced all of our indebtedness outstanding under the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (as described below) and repaid our obligations under the senior subordinated notes with proceeds from the Senior Credit Facility as described below.
Senior Credit Facility
We have a Credit Agreement ("the Credit Agreement") with certain lenders, Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as Administrative Agent and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, as Syndication Agent. The Credit Agreement provides for a $210.0 million term loan facility and a $35.0 million revolving credit facility (the "Senior Credit Facility"). The revolving credit facility includes provisions for the issuance of up to $10.0 million of letters of credit and up to $5.0 million in swing-line loans.
The term loan requires principal repayments of one quarter of 1% of the aggregate initial principal amount of term loans, adjusted for any non-mandatory prepayments per quarter, as well as annual mandatory prepayment provisions based on an excess cash flow sweep equal to a fixed percentage of excess cash flow (as defined in the Credit Agreement). The remaining principal is due on the maturity date, March 1, 2016. The Credit Agreement contains mandatory prepayment provisions which, under certain circumstances, such as asset or equity sales, obligate us to apply defined portions of our cash flow to prepayment of the Senior Credit Facility.
In May 2013, we entered into a second amendment to our Credit Agreement, dated March 1, 2011, among Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as administrative agent and the various lenders who are a party thereto (the "Amended Credit Agreement"). The Amended Credit Agreement reduced the interest rate on borrowings under the term loan facility from LIBOR plus a margin of 5.5% (subject to a minimum LIBOR rate of 1.50%) to LIBOR plus a margin of 3.0% (subject to a minimum LIBOR rate of 1.0%). In addition, the original Credit Agreement provided for an increase option permitting us to arrange with existing and/or new lenders for them to provide up to an aggregate of $50.0 million in additional term loan commitments. The Amended Credit Agreement now provides for an increase option permitting us to arrange with existing and/or new lenders additional term loan and/or revolving credit facility loan amounts in excess of $50.0 million so long as our total leverage ratio after giving effect to such additional loan amount does not exceed 2.50:1.00 (as such leverage ratio is calculated and defined under the Amended Credit Agreement).
In September 2012, we entered into an amendment to our Credit Agreement. The amendment modifies certain financial covenants contained in the Credit Agreement with respect to our ability to make capital expenditures, dividends and stock repurchases. Specifically, we, together with our subsidiaries, may make an additional $15.0 million of capital expenditures, as such term is defined in the Credit Agreement, during
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the remainder of the term of the Credit Agreement, which amount is in addition to any other permitted capital expenditures under the Credit Agreement. In addition, the Credit Agreement provided that we could make certain dividends or stock repurchases if, among other things, our total leverage ratio (as calculated under the Credit Agreement) was less than 2.0 to 1. The amendment provides that we may now make certain dividends and stock repurchases if, among other things, our total leverage ratio is less than 2.5 to 1.
As of December 31, 2013, we had $103.0 million of outstanding indebtedness under the Senior Credit Facility, all of which was outstanding under the term loan facility.
The weighted average interest rate was 5.2% for the year ended December 31, 2013. We also had no amounts outstanding under our letter of credit sub facility that is part of our revolving credit facility as of December 31, 2013. The Senior Credit Facility is unconditionally guaranteed by Holdings and each direct and indirect domestic subsidiary of GCA. All amounts owing under the Senior Credit Facility are secured by a first priority perfected security interest in all stock (but only 65% of the stock of foreign subsidiaries), other equity interests and promissory notes owned by us and a first priority perfected security interest in all other tangible and intangible assets owned by us and our guarantors.
The Credit Agreement contains customary affirmative and negative covenants, financial covenants, representations and warranties and events of defaults. As of December 31, 2013, we were in compliance with the required covenants. The significant financial covenants are:
Interest Expense Coverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement)

					
Fiscal Quarter Ended Closest to 	 	Ratio	 	
December 31, 2013	 	 	3.25:1.00	 	
March 31, 2014	 	 	3.50:1.00	 	
June 30, 2014	 	 	3.50:1.00	 	
September 30, 2014	 	 	3.50:1.00	 	
December 31, 2014	 	 	3.50:1.00	 	
Thereafter	 	 	3.75:1.00	 	
Total Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement)

					
Period 	 	Ratio	 	
9/30/12 - 3/30/15	 	 	3.25:1.00	 	
Thereafter	 	 	2.75:1.00	 	
Excess Cash Flow Sweep(1)

					
Period 	 	Ratio	 	
is greater than 2.50:1.00	 	 	50	%	
is less than or equal to 2.50:1.00 but greater than 1.50:1.00	 	 	25	%	
is less than 1.50:1.00	 	 	0	%	

(1)
GCA is required to pay a percentage of Excess Cash Flow, as defined in the Credit Agreement, which is based upon the Total Leverage Ratio, as defined in the Credit Agreement.
Interest Rate Cap
In conjunction with the terms and conditions of the Senior Credit Facility, we purchased a $150.0 million notional amount interest rate cap with an effective date of January 5, 2012 and a term of three years. we purchased this interest rate cap to partially reduce our exposure to increases in the London Interbank Offer Rate ("LIBOR') above 1.5% during the term of the interest rate cap with respect to our variable rate
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debt obligations under the Senior Credit Facility and our obligations under the Contract Cash Solutions Agreement with Wells Fargo. This interest rate cap is recorded in other assets in our consolidated balance sheets, and is marked-to-market based on a quoted market price with the effects offset in our consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income. The interest rate cap carrying value and fair value approximate each other and these values are insignificant as of December 31, 2013.
Contractual Obligations
The following is a summary of our contractual cash obligations (in thousands):

																							
 	 	At December 31, 2013	 	
 	 	Total	 	2014	 	2015	 	2016	 	2017	 	2018	 	Thereafter	 	
Contractual Obligations	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
New senior credit facility	 	$	103,000	 	$	1,030	 	$	1,030	 	$	100,940	 	$	—	 	$	—	 	$	—	 	
Estimated interest obligations(1)	 	 	9,302	 	 	4,173	 	 	4,120	 	 	1,009	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	
Operating lease obligations	 	 	10,619	 	 	1,252	 	 	1,115	 	 	1,107	 	 	1,091	 	 	1,381	 	 	4,673	 	
Purchase obligations(2)	 	 	12,293	 	 	4,381	 	 	3,576	 	 	2,386	 	 	1,450	 	 	250	 	 	250	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Total contractual obligations(3)	 	$	135,214	 	$	10,836	 	$	9,841	 	$	105,442	 	$	2,541	 	$	1,631	 	$	4,923	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	

(1)
Estimated interest payments were computed using the interest rate in effect at December 31, 2013 multiplied by the principal balance outstanding after scheduled principal amortization payments. For the Senior Credit Facility the rate assumed was 4.0%.

(2)
Included in purchase obligations are minimum transaction processing services from various third-party processors that we use.

(3)
The required principal payments under the Senior Credit Facility are one quarter of 1% and may also require an excess cash flow payment that is based on full year end earnings and our leverage ratio in effect at that time. The above table does not reflect any amounts related to excess cash flow payments.
Deferred Tax Asset
At December 31, 2013, we had a net deferred income tax asset of $91.0 million. We recognized a deferred tax asset upon our conversion from a limited liability company to a corporation on May 14, 2004. Prior to that time, all tax attributes flowed through to the members of the limited liability company. The principal component of the deferred tax asset is a difference between our assets for financial accounting and tax purposes. This difference results from a significant balance of acquired goodwill of approximately $687.4 million that was generated as part of the conversion to a corporation plus approximately $97.6 million in pre-existing goodwill carried over from periods prior to the conversion. Both of these assets are recorded for tax purposes but not for accounting purposes. This asset is amortized over 15 years for tax purposes, resulting in annual pretax income being $52.3 million lower for tax purposes than for financial accounting purposes. At an estimated blended domestic statutory tax rate of 36.4%, this results in tax payments being approximately $19.0 million less than the annual provision for income taxes shown on the income statement for financial accounting purposes, or the amount of the annual provision, if less. There is an expected aggregate of $101.5 million in cash savings over the remaining life of the portion of our deferred tax asset related to the conversion. This deferred tax asset may be subject to certain limitations. We believe that it is more likely than not that we will be able to utilize our deferred tax asset. However, the utilization of this tax asset is subject to many factors including our earnings, a change of control of the Company and future earnings.
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Other Liquidity Needs and Resources
Our Contract Cash Solutions Agreement with Wells Fargo allows us to use funds owned by Wells Fargo to provide the currency needed for normal operating requirements for our ATMs. For the use of these funds, we pay Wells Fargo a cash usage fee on the average daily balance of funds utilized multiplied by a contractually defined cash usage rate. Under this agreement, all currency supplied by Wells Fargo remains the sole property of Wells Fargo at all times until it is dispensed, at which time Wells Fargo obtains an interest in the corresponding settlement receivable. As the cash is never an asset of ours, supplied cash is not reflected on our balance sheet.
In June 2012, we and Wells Fargo amended the Contract Cash Solutions Agreement to increase the maximum amount of cash to be provided to us from $400.0 million to $500.0 million, and the initial term of the Contract Cash Solutions Agreement was extended from November 30, 2013 until November 30, 2014; however, in November 2013, we entered into an amendment to the Contract Cash Solutions Agreement to extend the term one year until November 30, 2015.
The outstanding balances of ATM cash utilized by us from Wells Fargo were $427.1 million and $360.4 million as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
Under the terms of the Contract Cash Solutions Agreement, we pay a monthly cash usage fee based upon the product of the average daily dollars outstanding in all ATMs multiplied by a contractually defined cash usage rate. This cash usage rate is determined by an applicable LIBOR plus a mutually agreed upon margin.
We are exposed to interest rate risk to the extent that the applicable LIBOR increases, subject to the interest rate cap purchased in January 2012.
The cash usage fees incurred by us, reflected as interest expense within the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income, were $2.2 million, $3.1 million and $2.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
We are responsible for any losses of cash in the ATMs under our agreement with Wells Fargo and we self-insure for this risk. We incurred no material losses related to this self-insurance for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012.
We need supplies of cash to support our foreign operations. For some foreign jurisdictions, such as the United Kingdom, applicable law and cross-border treaties allow us to transfer funds between our domestic and foreign operations efficiently. For other foreign jurisdictions, we must rely on the supply of cash generated by our operations in those foreign jurisdictions, and the cost of repatriation is prohibitive. For example, Global Cash Access (Canada), Inc. ("GCA Canada"), the subsidiary through which we operate in Canada, generates a supply of cash that is sufficient to support its operations, and all cash generated through such operations is expected to be retained by GCA Canada. As we expand our operations into new foreign jurisdictions, we must rely on treaty-favored cross-border transfers of funds, the supply of cash generated by our operations in those foreign jurisdictions or alternate sources of working capital.
We believe that borrowings available under the Senior Credit Facility, together with our anticipated operating cash flows, will be adequate to meet our anticipated future requirements for working capital, capital expenditures and scheduled interest payments. Although no additional financing is currently contemplated, we may seek, if necessary or otherwise advisable and to the extent permitted under the terms of the Senior Credit Facility, additional financing through bank borrowings or public or private debt or equity financings. We cannot ensure that additional financing, if needed, will be available to us, or that, if available, the financing will be on terms favorable to us. The terms of any additional debt or equity financing that we may obtain in the future could impose additional limitations on our operations and/or management structure. We also cannot ensure that the estimates of our liquidity needs are accurate or that new business developments or other unforeseen events will not occur, resulting in the need to raise additional funds.
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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
Wells Fargo Contract Cash Solutions Agreement.     We obtain currency to meet the normal operating requirements of our domestic ATMs pursuant to the Contract Cash Solutions Agreement with Wells Fargo. Under this agreement, all currency supplied by Wells Fargo remains the sole property of Wells Fargo at all times until it is dispensed, at which time Wells Fargo obtains an interest in the corresponding settlement receivable. Because it is never an asset of ours, supplied cash is not reflected on our balance sheet. At December 31, 2013, the total currency obtained from Wells Fargo pursuant to this agreement was $427.1 million. Since Wells Fargo obtains an interest in our settlement receivables, there is no liability corresponding to the supplied cash reflected on our balance sheet. The fees that we pay to Wells Fargo for cash usage pursuant to this agreement are reflected as interest expense in our financial statements. Foreign gaming establishments supply the currency needs for the ATMs located on their premises.
Effects of Inflation
Our monetary assets, consisting primarily of cash and receivables, are not significantly affected by inflation. Our non-monetary assets, consisting primarily of our deferred tax asset, goodwill and other intangible assets, are not affected by inflation. We believe that replacement costs of equipment, furniture and leasehold improvements will not materially affect our operations. However, the rate of inflation affects our operating expenses, such as those for salaries and benefits, armored carrier expenses, telecommunications expenses and equipment repair and maintenance services, which may not be readily recoverable in the financial terms under which we provide our cash access products and services to gaming establishments and their patrons.
ITEM 7A.    QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
In the normal course of business, we are exposed to foreign currency exchange risk. We operate and conduct business in foreign countries and, as a result, are exposed to movements in foreign currency exchange rates. Our exposure to foreign currency exchange risk related to our foreign operations is not material to our results of operations, cash flows or financial position. At present, we do not hedge this risk, but continue to evaluate such foreign currency translation risk exposure.
Wells Fargo supplies us with currency needed for normal operating requirements of our domestic ATMs pursuant to the Contract Cash Solutions Agreement. Under the terms of this agreement, we pay a monthly cash usage fee based upon the product of the average daily dollars outstanding in all such ATMs multiplied by a margin that is tied to LIBOR. We are, therefore, exposed to interest rate risk to the extent that the applicable LIBOR increases. As of December 31, 2013, the currency supplied by Wells Fargo was $427.1 million. Based upon this outstanding amount of currency supplied by Wells Fargo, each 1% increase in the applicable LIBOR would have a $4.3 million impact on income before taxes over a 12-month period. Foreign gaming establishments' supply the currency needs for the ATMs located on their premises.
Our Credit Facility bears interest at rates that can vary over time. We have the option of having interest on the outstanding amounts under these credit facilities paid based on a base rate or based on LIBOR. We have historically elected to pay interest based on LIBOR, and we expect to continue to pay interest based on LIBOR of various maturities. The weighted average interest rate was 5.2% for the year ended December 31, 2013. Based upon the outstanding balance on the Credit Facility of $103.0 million as of December 31, 2013, each 1% increase in the applicable LIBOR would have a $1.0 million impact on interest expense over a 12-month period.
In January 2012, we entered into a three year $150.0 million interest rate cap agreement pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Credit Facility, which partially mitigates our exposure to any increases to LIBOR to the extent LIBOR rises above 1.5% during the term of the interest rate cap agreement.
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ITEM 8.    FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

					
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm	 	 	58	 	
Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income for the three years ended December 31, 2013	 	 	59	 	
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2013 and 2012	 	 	60	 	
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three years ended December 31, 2013	 	 	61	 	
Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity for the three years ended December 31, 2013	 	 	62	 	
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	 	 	63	 	
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 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Global Cash Access Holdings, Inc.
Las Vegas, Nevada
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Global Cash Access Holdings, Inc. and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, and the related consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income, stockholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2013. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Global Cash Access Holdings, Inc. and subsidiaries at December 31, 2013 and 2012, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2013, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013, based on the criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework (1992) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated March 11, 2014 expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
Las Vegas, NV
March 11, 2014
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GLOBAL CASH ACCESS HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(In thousands, except earnings per share amounts)

											
 	 	Year Ended December 31,	 	
 	 	2013	 	2012	 	2011	 	
Revenues	 	$	582,444	 	$	584,486	 	$	544,063	 	
Costs and expenses	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)	 	 	439,794	 	 	436,059	 	 	419,606	 	
Operating expenses	 	 	76,562	 	 	75,806	 	 	69,517	 	
Depreciation	 	 	7,350	 	 	6,843	 	 	7,971	 	
Amortization	 	 	9,588	 	 	9,796	 	 	8,673	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Total costs and expenses	 	 	533,294	 	 	528,504	 	 	505,767	 	
Operating income	 	 	49,150	 	 	55,982	 	 	38,296	 	
Other expenses	 	 	

 	 	
Interest expense, net of interest income	 	 	10,265	 	 	15,519	 	 	18,638	 	
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	943	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Total other expenses	 	 	10,265	 	 	15,519	 	 	19,581	 	
Income from operations before tax	 	 	38,885	 	 	40,463	 	 	18,715	 	
Income tax provision	 	 	14,487	 	 	14,774	 	 	9,586	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Net income	 	 	24,398	 	 	25,689	 	 	9,129	 	
Foreign currency translation	 	 	269	 	 	218	 	 	(247	)	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Comprehensive income	 	$	24,667	 	$	25,907	 	$	8,882	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Earnings per share	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Basic	 	$	0.37	 	$	0.39	 	$	0.14	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Diluted	 	$	0.36	 	$	0.38	 	$	0.14	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Weighted average common shares outstanding	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Basic	 	 	66,014	 	 	65,933	 	 	64,673	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Diluted	 	 	67,205	 	 	67,337	 	 	64,859	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	

See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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GLOBAL CASH ACCESS HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except par value amounts)

								
 	 	At December 31,	 	
 	 	2013	 	2012	 	
ASSETS	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Cash and cash equivalents	 	$	114,254	 	$	153,020	 	
Restricted cash and cash equivalents	 	 	290	 	 	200	 	
Settlement receivables	 	 	38,265	 	 	29,484	 	
Other receivables, net of allowances for doubtful accounts of $2.8 million and $6.9 million, respectively	 	 	16,962	 	 	11,571	 	
Inventory	 	 	9,413	 	 	7,126	 	
Prepaid expenses and other assets	 	 	26,770	 	 	18,254	 	
Property, equipment and leasehold improvements, net	 	 	18,710	 	 	15,441	 	
Goodwill	 	 	180,084	 	 	180,141	 	
Other intangible assets, net	 	 	31,535	 	 	33,994	 	
Deferred income taxes, net	 	 	91,044	 	 	104,664	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Total assets	 	$	527,327	 	$	553,895	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 	 	 	 	 	 	
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Liabilities	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Settlement liabilities	 	$	145,022	 	$	182,446	 	
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	 	 	60,701	 	 	51,190	 	
Borrowings	 	 	103,000	 	 	121,500	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Total liabilities	 	 	308,723	 	 	355,136	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 9)	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Stockholders' Equity	 	 	

Common stock, $0.001 par value, 500,000 shares authorized and 89,233 and 87,545 shares issued at December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively	 	 	89	 	 	87	 	
Convertible preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 50,000 shares authorized and 0 shares outstanding at December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	
Additional paid-in capital	 	 	231,516	 	 	217,990	 	
Retained earnings	 	 	148,012	 	 	123,614	 	
Accumulated other comprehensive income	 	 	2,827	 	 	2,558	 	
Treasury stock, at cost, 23,303 and 20,724 shares at December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively	 	 	(163,840	)	 	(145,490	)	
 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Total stockholders' equity	 	 	218,604	 	 	198,759	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	 	$	527,327	 	$	553,895	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	

See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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GLOBAL CASH ACCESS HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)

											
 	 	Year Ended December 31,	 	
 	 	2013	 	2012	 	2011	 	
Cash flows from operating activities	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net income	 	$	24,398	 	$	25,689	 	$	9,129	 	
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Depreciation	 	 	7,350	 	 	6,843	 	 	7,971	 	
Amortization of intangibles	 	 	9,588	 	 	9,796	 	 	8,673	 	
Amortization of financing costs	 	 	1,793	 	 	1,485	 	 	1,343	 	
Loss on sale or disposal of assets	 	 	178	 	 	95	 	 	991	 	
Provision for bad debts	 	 	7,874	 	 	5,182	 	 	5,959	 	
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	943	 	
Stock-based compensation	 	 	5,078	 	 	6,655	 	 	6,809	 	
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Settlement receivables	 	 	(8,793	)	 	50,823	 	 	(69,881	)	
Other receivables, net	 	 	(13,335	)	 	1,196	 	 	(8,125	)	
Inventory	 	 	(2,286	)	 	134	 	 	(3,146	)	
Prepaid and other assets	 	 	(9,482	)	 	(3,425	)	 	(2,323	)	
Deferred income taxes	 	 	13,643	 	 	14,376	 	 	9,252	 	
Settlement liabilities	 	 	(37,200	)	 	40,530	 	 	82,125	 	
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	 	 	5,528	 	 	(1,891	)	 	4,532	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Net cash provided by operating activities	 	 	4,334	 	 	157,488	 	 	54,252	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Cash flows from investing activities	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	(10,763	)	
Capital expenditures	 	 	(13,986	)	 	(13,654	)	 	(7,420	)	
Proceeds from sale of fixed assets	 	 	86	 	 	868	 	 	—	 	
Changes in restricted cash and cash equivalents	 	 	(90	)	 	255	 	 	—	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Net cash used in investing activities	 	 	(13,990	)	 	(12,531	)	 	(18,183	)	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Cash flows from financing activities	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Repayments against prior credit facility	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	(208,750	)	
Securing of credit facility	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	214,000	 	
Issuance costs of amended credit facility	 	 	(764	)	 	(676	)	 	(7,099	)	
Repayments against credit facility	 	 	(18,500	)	 	(52,500	)	 	(40,000	)	
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	 	 	8,431	 	 	6,655	 	 	812	 	
Purchase of treasury stock	 	 	(18,350	)	 	(262	)	 	(190	)	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Net cash used in financing activities	 	 	(29,183	)	 	(46,783	)	 	(41,227	)	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Effect of exchange rates on cash	 	 	73	 	 	(689	)	 	57	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Cash and cash equivalents	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net (decrease)/increase for the period	 	 	(38,766	)	 	97,485	 	 	(5,101	)	
Balance, beginning of the period	 	 	153,020	 	 	55,535	 	 	60,636	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Balance, end of the period	 	$	114,254	 	$	153,020	 	$	55,535	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Supplemental cash flow disclosures	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Cash paid for interest	 	$	8,634	 	$	15,494	 	$	19,166	 	
Cash paid for income tax, net of refunds	 	$	711	 	$	665	 	$	366	 	
Non-cash tenant improvements paid by landlord	 	$	2,930	 	$	—	 	$	—	 	
Accrued and unpaid capital expenditures	 	$	1,073	 	$	—	 	$	—	 	
    
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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GLOBAL CASH ACCESS HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(In thousands)

																							
 	 	Common Stock—
Series A	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 			 	 	 	 	 	Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Number of
Shares	 	Amount	 	Additional
Paid-in
Capital	 	Retained
Earnings			 	Treasury Stock	 	Total
Equity	 	
Balance, December 31, 2010	 	 	85,006	 	$	85	 	$	197,048	 	$	88,796	 	$	2,587	 	$	(145,038	)	$	143,478	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net income	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	9,129	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	9,129	 	
Foreign currency translation	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	(247	)	 	—	 	 	(247	)	
Stock-based compensation expense	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	6,809	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	6,809	 	
Exercise of options	 	 	399	 	 	1	 	 	878	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	879	 	
Restricted share vesting withholdings	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	(190	)	 	(190	)	
Restricted shares vested	 	 	246	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Balance, December 31, 2011	 	 	85,651	 	 	86	 	 	204,735	 	 	97,925	 	 	2,340	 	 	(145,228	)	 	159,858	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net income	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	25,689	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	25,689	 	
Foreign currency translation	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	218	 	 	—	 	 	218	 	
Stock-based compensation expense	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	6,655	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	6,655	 	
Exercise of options	 	 	1,726	 	 	1	 	 	6,600	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	6,601	 	
Restricted share vesting withholdings	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	(262	)	 	(262	)	
Restricted shares vested	 	 	168	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Balance, December 31, 2012	 	 	87,545	 	 	87	 	 	217,990	 	 	123,614	 	 	2,558	 	 	(145,490	)	 	198,759	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net income	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	24,398	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	24,398	 	
Foreign currency translation	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	269	 	 	—	 	 	269	 	
Stock-based compensation expense	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	5,078	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	5,078	 	
Exercise of options	 	 	1,618	 	 	2	 	 	8,448	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	8,450	 	
Treasury share repurchases	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	(18,241	)	 	(18,241	)	
Restricted share vesting withholdings	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	(109	)	 	(109	)	
Restricted shares vested	 	 	70	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Balance, December 31, 2013	 	 	89,233	 	$	89	 	$	231,516	 	$	148,012	 	$	2,827	 	$	(163,840	)	$	218,604	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	

See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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GLOBAL CASH ACCESS HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. BUSINESS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
Global Cash Access Holdings, Inc. ("Holdings") is a holding company, the principal asset of which is the capital stock of Global Cash Access, Inc. ("GCA"). Unless otherwise indicated, the terms "the Company," "Holdings," "we," "us" and "our" refer to Holdings together with its consolidated subsidiaries. Holdings was formed on February 4, 2004 for the purpose of holding all of the outstanding capital stock of GCA and to guarantee the obligations under our senior secured credit facilities.
We are a global provider of cash access services and related equipment and services to the gaming industry. Our products and services: (a) provide gaming establishment patrons access to cash through a variety of methods, including Automated Teller Machine ("ATM") cash withdrawals, credit card cash access transactions, point-of-sale ("POS") debit card transactions, check verification and warranty services and money transfers; (b) provide cash access devices and related services, such as slot machine ticket redemption and jackpot kiosks to the gaming industry; (c) provide products and services that improve credit decision-making, automate cashier operations and enhance patron marketing activities for gaming establishments; and (d) provide online payment processing solutions for gaming operators in states that offer intra-state, Internet-based gaming and lottery activities.
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Principles of Consolidation
All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include cash and all balances on deposit in banks and financial institutions. We consider all highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less at the time of purchase to be cash and cash equivalents. Such balances generally exceed the federal insurance limits. However, we periodically evaluate the creditworthiness of these institutions to minimize risk.
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents
As part of our Internet cash access activity, we hold deposits on behalf of lottery patrons. These funds can be utilized by lottery patrons for the purchase of lottery tickets. We reflect this cash as restricted cash and maintain a liability for these funds in accounts payable and accrued expenses. In addition, we have a sponsorship agreement that requires us to maintain a minimum deposit as collateral for any potential chargeback loss activity occurring as a result of the sponsorship arrangement. All interest received on this deposit is recorded to restricted cash and cash equivalents. The total balance of restricted cash and cash equivalents was $0.3 million and $0.2 million, at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
ATM Funding Agreements
We obtain all of the cash required to operate our ATMs through various ATM Funding Agreements. Some gaming establishments provide the cash utilized within the ATM ("Site-Funded"). The Site-Funded receivables generated for the amount of cash dispensed from transactions performed at our ATMs are owned by us and we are liable to the gaming establishment for the face amount of the cash dispensed. In the consolidated balance sheets, the amount of the receivable for transactions processed on these ATM transactions is included within settlement receivables and the amount due to the gaming establishment for the face amount of dispensing transactions is included within settlement liabilities.
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GLOBAL CASH ACCESS HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)
For the Non-Site-Funded locations, our Contract Cash Solutions Agreement with Wells Fargo allows us to use funds owned by Wells Fargo to provide the currency needed for normal operating requirements for our ATMs. For the use of these funds, we pay Wells Fargo a cash usage fee on the average daily balance of funds utilized multiplied by a contractually defined cash usage rate. Under this agreement, all currency supplied by Wells Fargo remains the sole property of Wells Fargo at all times until it is dispensed, at which time Wells Fargo obtains an interest in the corresponding settlement receivable. As the cash is never an asset of ours, supplied cash is not reflected on our balance sheet. We are charged a cash usage fee for the cash used in these ATMs, which is included as interest expense in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income. We recognize the fees as interest expense due to the similar operational characteristics to a revolving line of credit, the fact that the fees are calculated on a financial index and the fees are paid for access to a capital resource.
Settlement Receivables and Settlement Liabilities
In the credit card cash access and POS debit card cash access transactions provided by us, the gaming establishment is reimbursed for the cash disbursed to gaming patrons, in most instances, through the issuance of a negotiable instrument, and, in some instances, through electronic settlement. We receive reimbursement from the patron's credit or debit card issuer for the transaction in an amount equal to the amount owing to the gaming establishment plus the fee charged to the patron. This reimbursement is included within the settlement receivables on the consolidated balance sheets. The amounts owed to gaming establishments are included within settlement liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.
Warranty Receivables
If a gaming establishment chooses to have a check warranted, it sends a request to our third party check warranty service provider, asking whether it would be willing to accept the risk of cashing the check. If the check warranty provider accepts the risk and warrants the check, the gaming establishment negotiates the patron's check by providing cash for the face amount of the check. If the check is dishonored by the patron's bank upon presentment, the gaming establishment invokes the warranty, and the check warranty service provider purchases the check from the gaming establishment for the full check amount and then pursues collection activities on its own. In our Central Credit Check Warranty product under our agreement with the third party service provider, we receive all of the check warranty revenue. We are exposed to risk for the losses associated with any warranted items that cannot be collected from patrons issuing the items. Warranty receivables are defined as any amounts paid by the third party check warranty service provider to gaming establishments to purchase dishonored checks. Additionally, we pay a fee to the third party check warranty service provider for its services.
The warranty receivables amount is recorded in other receivables, net on our consolidated balance sheets. On a monthly basis, the Company evaluates the collectability of the outstanding balances and establishes a reserve for the face amount of the expected losses on these receivables. The warranty expense associated with this reserve is included within cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) on our consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income.
Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs
Debt issuance costs incurred in connection with long-term borrowings are capitalized and amortized to interest expense based upon the related debt agreements using the straight-line method, which
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approximates the effective interest method. Unamortized debt issuance costs are included in prepaid and other assets on the consolidated balance sheets.
Property, Equipment and Leasehold Improvements
Property, equipment and leasehold improvements are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation, computed using the straight-line method over the lesser of the estimated life of the related assets, generally three to five years, or the related lease term.
Repairs and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred.
Upon sale or retirement, the costs and related accumulated depreciation are eliminated from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is reflected in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income.
Property, equipment and leasehold improvements are reviewed for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. Impairment is indicated when undiscounted future cash flows do not exceed the asset's carrying value. There was no impairment for any of our property, equipment, or leasehold improvements for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011.
Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired plus liabilities assumed arising from business combinations.
We test for impairment annually on a reporting unit basis, at the beginning of our fourth fiscal quarter, or more often under certain circumstances. The annual impairment test is completed using either: a qualitative Step 0 assessment based on reviewing relevant events and circumstances; or a quantitative Step 1 assessment, which determines the fair value of the reporting unit, using an income approach that discounts future cash flows based on the estimated future results of our reporting units and a market approach that compares market multiples of comparable companies to determine whether or not any impairment exists. If the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, we use the Step 2 assessment to determine the impairment.
Other Intangible Assets
Other intangible assets consist primarily of customer contracts (rights to provide cash access services to gaming establishment customers) acquired through business combinations and acquisitions, capitalized software development costs and the acquisition cost of our patent related to the 3-in-1 rollover technology acquired in 2005. Customer contracts require us to make renewal assumptions, which impact the estimated useful lives of such assets. Capitalized software development costs require us to make certain judgments as to the stages of development and costs eligible for capitalization. Capitalized software costs placed in service are amortized over their useful lives, generally not to exceed three years. The acquisition cost of the 3-in-1 rollover patent is being amortized over the term of the patent, which expires in 2018. Other intangible assets are reviewed annually for impairment based on the fair value of our reporting units as compared to the carrying amounts, or whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts may not be recoverable. This assessment requires the use of estimates about future operating results.
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Changes in forecasted operations can materially affect these estimates, which could materially affect our results of operations.
Fair Values of Financial Instruments
The fair value of a financial instrument represents the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced or liquidation sale. Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time, based upon relevant market information about the financial instrument.
The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and cash equivalents, other receivables, net, settlement receivables, settlement liabilities, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximates fair value due to the short-term maturities of these instruments. The fair value of our borrowings are estimated based on various inputs to determine a market price, such as: market demand and supply, size of tranche, maturity and similar instruments trading in more active markets.
The fair values of all other financial instruments approximate their book values as the instruments are short-term in nature or contain market rates of interest.
Interest Rate Cap
In conjunction with the terms and conditions of the Senior Credit Facility, as described in Note 8, we purchased a $150.0 million notional amount interest rate cap with an effective date of January 5, 2012 and a term of three years. We purchased this interest rate cap to partially reduce our exposure to increases in the London Interbank Offer Rate ("LIBOR") above 1.5% during the term of the interest rate cap with respect to our variable rate debt obligations under the Senior Credit Facility and our obligations under the Contract Cash Solutions Agreement with Wells Fargo. This interest rate cap is recorded in other assets in our consolidated balance sheets, and is marked-to-market based on a quoted market price with the effects offset in the statements of income and comprehensive income. The interest rate cap carrying value and fair value approximate each other and these values are insignificant as of December 31, 2013.
The following table presents the fair value and carrying value of GCA's borrowings (amounts in thousands):

											
 	 	Level of
Hierarchy(*)	 	Fair
Value	 	Carrying
Value	 	
December 31, 2013	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Senior credit facility	 	 	2	 	$	104,030	 	$	103,000	 	
December 31, 2012	 	 	

 	 	
Senior credit facility	 	 	2	 	$	122,715	 	$	121,500	 	

(*)
Level 1 indicates that the fair value is determined by using quoted prices in active markets for identical investments. Level 2 indicates that the fair value is determined using pricing inputs other than quoted prices in active markets such as models or other valuation methodologies. Level 3 indicates that the fair value is determined using pricing inputs that are unobservable for the investment and include situations where there is little, if any,
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2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)
market activity for the investment. Significant management estimates and judgment are used in the determination of the fair value of level 3 pricing inputs.
Inventory
Inventory primarily consists of parts as well as finished goods and work-in-progress. Inventory is stated at lower of cost or market accounted for using the average cost method. The cost of inventory includes cost of materials, labor, overhead and freight.
Revenue Recognition
We recognize revenue when evidence of an arrangement exists, services have been rendered, the price is fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. We evaluate our revenue streams for proper timing of revenue recognition. Revenue is recognized as products are delivered and or services are performed.
Cost of Revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)
The cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) represents the direct costs required to perform revenue generating transactions. The principal costs included within cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) are commissions paid to gaming establishments, interchange fees paid to credit and debit card networks, transaction processing fees to our transaction processor, inventory costs associated with the sale of our kiosks and check cashing warranties.
Advertising, Marketing and Promotional Costs
We expense advertising, marketing and promotional costs as incurred. Total advertising, marketing and promotional costs, included in operating expenses in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income, were $0.7 million, $0.7 million and $0.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
Income Taxes
Income tax expense includes U.S. and international income taxes, plus the provision for U.S. taxes on undistributed earnings of international subsidiaries not deemed to be permanently invested. Since it is management's practice and intent to reinvest the earnings in the international operations of our foreign subsidiaries, U.S. federal income taxes have not been provided on the undistributed earnings of any foreign subsidiaries except for GCA Macau. Some items of income and expense are not reported in tax returns and the consolidated financial statements in the same year. The tax effect of such temporary differences is reported as deferred income taxes.
Foreign Currency Translation
Foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities for those foreign entities for which the local currency is the functional currency are translated into U.S. dollars based on exchange rates prevailing at the end of each year. Revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates during the year. The effects of foreign exchange gains and losses arising from these translations are included as a component of other comprehensive income on the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income. Translation
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2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)
adjustments on intercompany balances of a long-term investment nature are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income on our consolidated balance sheets.
Use of Estimates
We have made estimates and judgments affecting the amounts reported in these financial statements and the accompanying notes. The actual results may differ from these estimates. These accounting estimates incorporated into the consolidated financial statements include, but are not limited to:
•
the estimated reserve for warranty expense associated with our check warranty receivables; 

•
the valuation and recognition of share-based compensation; 

•
the valuation allowance on our deferred income tax assets; 

•
the estimated cash flows in assessing the recoverability of long-lived assets; 

•
the budgets for future performance, weighted average cost of capital ("WACC") and growth rates as well as other factors used in our annual goodwill and other intangible assets impairment evaluations; 

•
the renewal assumptions used for customer contracts to estimate the useful lives of such assets; and 

•
the judgments used to determine the stages of development and costs eligible for capitalization as internally developed software.
Earnings Applicable to Common Stock
Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per share reflect the effect of potential common stock resulting from assumed stock option exercises and vesting of restricted stock.
Share-Based Compensation
Share-based payment awards result in a cost that is measured at fair value on the award's grant date. Stock options expected to be exercised and restricted stock expected to be vested currently and in future periods are measured at grant date fair value using the Black-Scholes model with the expense associated with these awards being recognized on the straight-line basis over the awards' vesting period. Forfeitures are estimated at the time of grant, with such estimate updated periodically and with actual forfeitures recognized currently to the extent they differ from the estimates.
3. ATM FUNDING AGREEMENTS
Wells Fargo Contract Cash Solutions Agreement
Our Contract Cash Solutions Agreement with Wells Fargo allows us to use funds owned by Wells Fargo to provide the currency needed for normal operating requirements for our ATMs. For the use of these funds, we pay Wells Fargo a cash usage fee on the average daily balance of funds utilized multiplied by a contractually defined cash usage rate. Under this agreement, all currency supplied by Wells Fargo remains the sole property of Wells Fargo at all times until it is dispensed, at which time Wells Fargo obtains an interest in the corresponding settlement receivable. As the cash is never an asset of ours, supplied cash is not reflected on our balance sheet.
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3. ATM FUNDING AGREEMENTS (Continued)
In June 2012, we amended the Contract Cash Solutions Agreement with Wells Fargo to increase the maximum amount of cash to be provided to us from $400.0 million to $500.0 million, and the initial term of the Contract Cash Solutions Agreement has been extended from November 30, 2013 until November 30, 2015.
The outstanding balances of ATM cash utilized by us from Wells Fargo were $427.1 million and $360.4 million as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
Under the terms of the Contract Cash Solutions Agreement, we pay a monthly cash usage fee based upon the product of the average daily dollars outstanding in all ATMs multiplied by a contractually defined cash usage rate. This cash usage rate is determined by an applicable LIBOR plus a mutually agreed upon margin.
We are exposed to interest rate risk to the extent that the applicable LIBOR increases, subject to the interest rate cap purchased in January 2012.
Cash usage fees, reflected as interest expense within the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income, were $2.2 million, $3.1 million and $2.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
We are responsible for any losses of cash in the ATMs under our agreement with Wells Fargo and we self-insure for this risk. We incurred no material losses related to this self-insurance for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012.
Site-Funded ATMs
We operate ATMs at certain customer gaming establishments where the gaming establishment provides the cash required for the ATM operational needs. We are required to reimburse the customer for the amount of cash dispensed from these Site-Funded ATMs. The Site-Funded ATM liability is included within settlement liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and was $68.9 million and $107.5 million as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
4. WARRANTY RESERVES
The warranty receivables amount is recorded in other receivables, net on the consolidated balance sheets. On a monthly basis, we evaluate the collectability of the outstanding balances and establish a reserve for the face amount of the expected losses on these receivables. The warranty expense associated with this reserve is included within cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income.
A summary activity of the reserve for warranty losses is as follows (in thousands):

					
 	 	Amount	 	
Balance, December 31, 2011	 	$	6,756	 	
Warranty expense provision	 	 	5,226	 	
Charge offs against reserve	 	 	(5,074	)	
 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	
Balance, December 31, 2012	 	 	6,908	 	
Warranty expense provision	 	 	7,874	 	
Charge offs against reserve	 	 	(12,005	)	
 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	
Balance, December 31, 2013	 	$	2,777	 	
 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	
 	 	 	 	
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5. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS
We account for business combinations in accordance with the accounting standards, which require that the assets acquired and liabilities assumed be recorded at their estimated fair values.
6. PROPERTY, EQUIPMENT AND LEASEHOLD IMPROVEMENTS
Property, equipment and leasehold improvements consist of the following (amounts in thousands):

										
 	 	 	 	At December 31,	 	
 	 	Useful Life
(years)			 	
 			 	2013	 	2012	 	
Cash advance equipment	 	3	 	$	3,178	 	$	3,461	 	
ATM equipment	 	5	 	 	28,394	 	 	29,512	 	
Office, computer and other equipment	 	3	 	 	11,729	 	 	8,562	 	
Leasehold and building improvements	 	Lease Term	 	 	6,362	 	 	4,308	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Sub-total	 	 	 	 	49,663	 	 	45,843	 	
Less: accumulated depreciation	 	 	 	 	(30,953	)	 	(30,402	)	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Total	 	 	 	$	18,710	 	$	15,441	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
7. GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Goodwill
The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill are as follows (in thousands):

																	
 	 	Cash Advance	 	ATM	 	Check Services	 	Other	 	Total	 	
Goodwill	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Balance, December 31, 2011	 	$	100,918	 	$	33,051	 	$	23,281	 	$	22,872	 	$	180,122	 	
Foreign translation adjustment	 	 	19	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	19	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Balance, December 31, 2012	 	$	100,937	 	$	33,051	 	$	23,281	 	$	22,872	 	$	180,141	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Foreign translation adjustment	 	 	(57	)	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	(57	)	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Balance, December 31, 2013	 	$	100,880	 	$	33,051	 	$	23,281	 	$	22,872	 	$	180,084	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
In accordance with ASC 350, we test goodwill at the reporting unit level, which in certain cases may be a component of an operating segment, for impairment on an annual basis and between annual tests if events and circumstances indicate it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. We do not believe that any of our goodwill was impaired as of December 31, 2013 based upon the results of our impairment testing.
Goodwill Testing
In performing the annual goodwill impairment test for 2013, we utilized the qualitative assessment approach, commonly known as the Step 0 approach, prescribed under Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 350 as amended by Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2011-08. We assessed certain applicable qualitative factors to determine whether it was more likely than not that the fair value of our reporting units was less than the total assets carrying amounts. In evaluating whether it was more likely than not that the fair value of our reporting units was less than the total assets carrying amounts, we
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7. GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS (Continued)
assessed relevant events and circumstances: (a) Macroeconomic conditions such as a deterioration in general economic conditions, limitations on accessing capital, fluctuations in foreign exchange rates, or other developments in equity and credit markets; (b) Industry and market considerations such as a deterioration in the environment in which we operate, an increased competitive environment, a decline in market-dependent multiples or metrics (considered in both absolute terms and relative to peers), a change in the market for our products or services, or a regulatory or political development; (c) Cost factors such as increases in raw materials, labor, or other costs that have a negative effect on earnings and cash flows; (d) Overall financial performance such as negative or declining cash flows or a decline in actual or planned revenue or earnings compared with actual and projected results of relevant prior periods; (e) Other relevant entity-specific events such as changes in management, key personnel, strategy, or customers; contemplation of bankruptcy; or litigation; (f) Events affecting a reporting unit such as a change in the composition or carrying amount of its net assets, a more-likely-than-not expectation of selling or disposing all, or a portion, of a reporting unit, the testing for recoverability of a significant asset group within a reporting unit, or recognition of a goodwill impairment loss in the financial statements of a subsidiary that is a component of a reporting unit; and (g) If applicable, a sustained decrease in share price (considered in both absolute terms and relative to peers).
The Step 0 assessment as of October 1, 2013 was also based on our estimation of the implied fair value of the reporting units as of October 1, 2011 (the most recent valuation date). In performing the annual impairment test for 2011, we utilized the two-step approach prescribed under ASC 350. The first step required a comparison of the carrying amount of each reporting unit to its estimated fair value. To estimate the fair value of our reporting units for Step 1, we used a combination of the income and the market approaches.
The income approach is based on a discounted cash flow analysis ("DCF"). This method involves estimating the after-tax cash flows attributable to a reporting unit and then discounting the after-tax cash flows to a present value, using a risk-adjusted discount rate. Assumptions used in the DCF require the exercise of significant judgment, including judgment about appropriate discount rates and terminal values, growth rates and the amount and timing of expected future cash flows. The forecasted cash flows are based on our most recent budget and for years beyond the budget. Our budgets are based on estimated future growth rates. We believe our assumptions are consistent with the plans and estimates used to manage the underlying businesses. The discount rates, which are intended to reflect the risks inherent in future cash flow projections, used in the DCF are based on estimates of the weighted-average cost of capital, or WACC, of market participants relative to each respective reporting unit. Key assumptions used in estimating fair value under the discounted cash flow approach included a discount rate of 12.5%, projected compound average revenue growth rates of 2.0% to 3.0% and terminal value growth rates of 2.0%. The discounted cash flow analyses for our reporting units included estimated future cash inflows from operations and estimated future cash outflows for capital expenditures.
The market approach considers comparable market data based on multiples of revenue or earnings before taxes, depreciation and amortization ("EBITDA"). Key assumptions used in estimating fair value under the market approach were based on observed market multiples of enterprise value to revenue and EBITDA for both comparable publicly-traded companies and recent merger and acquisition transactions involving similar companies to estimate appropriate controlling basis multiples to apply to each of the reporting units. Based on the multiples implied by this market data, we selected multiples of revenue of 0.3 to 2.7 times and multiples of EBITDA of 6.5 times.
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7. GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS (Continued)
After assessing the totality of events and circumstances for 2013, such as those described in the preceding paragraphs, we determined that it was more likely than not that the fair value of our reporting units exceeded the total assets carrying amounts; and therefore, the first and second steps of the goodwill impairment test were determined to be unnecessary. We conducted our annual impairment test for our reporting units at the beginning of our fourth fiscal quarter 2013 and no impairment was identified.
The estimate of fair value requires significant judgment. We based our fair value estimates on assumptions that we believe to be reasonable, but that are unpredictable and inherently uncertain, including estimates of future growth rates and operating margins and assumptions about the overall economic climate and the competitive environment for our reporting units. There can be no assurance that our estimates and assumptions made for purposes of our goodwill and identifiable intangible asset testing as of the time of testing will prove to be accurate predictions of the future. If our assumptions regarding business plans, competitive environments or anticipated growth rates are not correct, we may be required to record goodwill and/or intangible asset impairment charges in future periods, whether in connection with our next annual impairment testing or earlier, if an indicator of an impairment is present before our next annual evaluation.
Other Intangible Assets
Other intangible assets consist of the following (in thousands):

										
 	 	 	 	At December 31,	 	
 	 	Useful Life
(years)			 	
 			 	2013	 	2012	 	
Intangible assets	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Computer software	 	Up to 3 Years	 	$	26,386	 	$	26,007	 	
Patents and trademarks	 	17	 	 	11,223	 	 	11,149	 	
Customer contracts	 	7 - 14	 	 	39,142	 	 	39,142	 	
Non-compete agreements	 	3	 	 	1,200	 	 	1,200	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Gross carrying amount	 	 	 	 	77,951	 	 	77,498	 	
Less: accumulated amortization	 	 	 	 	(46,416	)	 	(43,504	)	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Net carrying amount	 	 	 	$	31,535	 	$	33,994	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Amortization expense related to these intangibles totaled approximately $9.6 million, $9.8 million and $8.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively. We capitalized $5.1 million, $0.7 million and $0.2 million of development costs for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
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7. GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS (Continued)
The total net book value of amortizable intangible assets was approximately $31.5 million at December 31, 2013. The anticipated amortization expense related to other intangible assets, assuming no subsequent impairment of the underlying assets, is as follows (in thousands):

					
 	 	Amount	 	
2014	 	$	9,867	 	
2015	 	 	9,404	 	
2016	 	 	7,944	 	
2017	 	 	2,791	 	
2018	 	 	550	 	
Thereafter	 	 	979	 	
 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	
Total	 	$	31,535	 	
 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	
 	 	 	 	
8. BORROWINGS
In March 2011, we refinanced all of our indebtedness outstanding under the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (as described below) and repaid our obligations under the senior subordinated notes with proceeds from the Senior Credit Facility as described below.
Senior Credit Facility
We have a Credit Agreement ("the Credit Agreement") with certain lenders, Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as Administrative Agent and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, as Syndication Agent. The Credit Agreement provides for a $210.0 million term loan facility and a $35.0 million revolving credit facility (the "Senior Credit Facility"). The revolving credit facility includes provisions for the issuance of up to $10.0 million of letters of credit and up to $5.0 million in swing-line loans. The term loan requires principal repayments of one quarter of 1% of the aggregate initial principal amount of term loans, adjusted for any non-mandatory prepayments per quarter, as well as annual mandatory prepayment provisions based on an excess cash flow sweep equal to a fixed percentage of excess cash flow (as defined in the Credit Agreement). The remaining principal is due on the maturity date, March 1, 2016. The Credit Agreement contains mandatory prepayment provisions which, under certain circumstances, such as asset or equity sales, obligate us to apply defined portions of our cash flow to prepayment of the Senior Credit Facility.
In May 2013, we entered into a second amendment to our Credit Agreement, dated March 1, 2011, among Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as administrative agent and the various lenders who are a party thereto (the "Amended Credit Agreement"). The Amended Credit Agreement reduced the interest rate on borrowings under the term loan facility from LIBOR plus a margin of 5.5% (subject to a minimum LIBOR rate of 1.50%) to LIBOR plus a margin of 3.0% (subject to a minimum LIBOR rate of 1.0%). In addition, the original Credit Agreement provided for an increase option permitting us to arrange with existing and/or new lenders for them to provide up to an aggregate of $50.0 million in additional term loan commitments. The Amended Credit Agreement now provides for an increase option permitting us to arrange with existing and/or new lenders additional term loan and/or revolving credit facility loan amounts in excess of $50.0 million so long as our total leverage ratio after giving effect to such additional loan amount does not exceed 2.50:1.00 (as such leverage ratio is calculated and defined under the Amended Credit Agreement).
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
8. BORROWINGS (Continued)
In September 2012, we entered into a first amendment to our Credit Agreement. The amendment modified certain financial covenants contained in the Credit Agreement with respect to our ability to make capital expenditures, dividends and stock repurchases. Specifically, we, together with our subsidiaries, may make an additional $15.0 million of capital expenditures, as such term is defined in the Credit Agreement, during the remainder of the term of the Credit Agreement, which amount is in addition to any other permitted capital expenditures under the Credit Agreement. In addition, the Credit Agreement provided that we could make certain dividends or stock repurchases if, among other things, our total leverage ratio (as calculated under the Credit Agreement) was less than 2.0 to 1. The amendment provides that we may now make certain dividends and stock repurchases if, among other things, our total leverage ratio is less than 2.5 to 1.
As of December 31, 2013, we had $103.0 million of outstanding indebtedness under the Senior Credit Facility, all of which was outstanding under the term loan facility.
The weighted average interest rate was 5.2% for the year ended December 31, 2013. We also had no amounts outstanding under our letter of credit sub facility that is part of our revolving credit facility as of December 31, 2013. The Senior Credit Facility is unconditionally guaranteed by Holdings and each direct and indirect domestic subsidiary of GCA. All amounts owing under the Senior Credit Facility are secured by a first priority perfected security interest in all stock (but only 65% of the stock of foreign subsidiaries), other equity interests and promissory notes owned by us and a first priority perfected security interest in all other tangible and intangible assets owned by us and our guarantors.
The Credit Agreement contains customary affirmative and negative covenants, financial covenants, representations and warranties and events of defaults. As of December 31, 2013, we were in compliance with the required covenants.
Principal Repayments
The maturities of our borrowings at December 31, 2013 (excluding excess cash flow payments) are as follows (in thousands):

					
 	 	Amount	 	
2014	 	$	1,030	 	
2015	 	 	1,030	 	
2016	 	 	100,940	 	
2017	 	 	—	 	
 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	
Total	 	$	103,000	 	
 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	
 	 	 	 	
Interest Rate Cap
In conjunction with the terms and conditions of the Senior Credit Facility, we purchased a $150.0 million notional amount interest rate cap with an effective date of January 5, 2012 and a term of three years. We purchased this interest rate cap to partially reduce our exposure to increases in the London Interbank Offer Rate ("LIBOR') above 1.5% during the term of the interest rate cap with respect to our variable rate debt obligations under the Senior Credit Facility and our obligations under the Contract Cash Solutions Agreement with Wells Fargo. This interest rate cap is recorded in other assets in the balance sheet, and is marked-to-market based on a quoted market price with the effects offset in our consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income. The interest rate cap carrying value and fair value approximate each other and these values are insignificant as of December 31, 2013.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
9. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Lease Obligations
We lease office facilities and operating equipment under cancelable and non-cancelable agreements. Total rent expense was approximately $1.8 million, $0.7 million and $0.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
In October 2012, we entered into a long-term lease agreement related to office space for our new corporate headquarters located in Las Vegas, Nevada, which we occupied in the first half of 2013.
As of December 31, 2013, the minimum aggregate rental commitment under all non-cancelable operating leases were as follows (in thousands):

					
 	 	Amount	 	
2014	 	$	1,252	 	
2015	 	 	1,115	 	
2016	 	 	1,107	 	
2017	 	 	1,091	 	
2018	 	 	1,381	 	
Thereafter	 	 	4,672	 	
 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	
Total	 	$	10,618	 	
 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	
 	 	 	 	
Litigation Claims and Assessments
We are subject to a variety of claims and suits that arise from time to time in the ordinary course of business. We do not believe the liabilities, if any, which may ultimately result from the outcome of such matters, individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse impact on our financial position, liquidity or results of operations.
10. SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Preferred Stock.     Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation allows our Board of Directors, without further action by stockholders, to issue up to 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock in one or more series and to fix the designations, powers, preferences, privileges and relative participating, optional, or special rights as well as the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of the preferred stock, including dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption and liquidation preferences. As of December 31, 2013, we had no shares of preferred stock outstanding.
Common Stock.     Subject to the preferences that may apply to shares of preferred stock that may be outstanding at the time, the holders of outstanding shares of common stock are entitled to receive dividends out of assets legally available at the times and in the amounts as our Board of Directors may from time to time determine. All dividends are non-cumulative. In the event of the liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, the holders of common stock are entitled to share ratably in all assets remaining after the payment of liabilities, subject to the prior distribution rights of preferred stock, if any, then outstanding. Each stockholder is entitled to one vote for each share of common stock held on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders. Cumulative voting for the election of directors is not provided for. The common stock is not entitled to preemptive rights and is not subject to conversion or redemption. There are no sinking fund provisions applicable to the common stock. Each outstanding share of common
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10. SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (Continued)
stock is fully paid and non-assessable. As of December 31, 2013, we had 89,233,374 shares of common stock issued.
Common Stock Repurchase Program.     Our current share repurchase program grants us the authority to repurchase up to $40.0 million of our outstanding common stock over a two year period, which commenced in the first quarter of 2013. We have repurchased approximately 2.6 million shares of common stock for cash of $18.2 million under the share repurchase program for the year ended December 31, 2013. We did not have any common stock repurchases under the program for the year ended December 31, 2012. We completed the share repurchases with cash on hand and we intend to continue to use cash on hand for these share repurchases. The repurchase program authorizes us to buy our common stock from time to time through open market, privately negotiated or other transactions, including pursuant to trading plans established in accordance with Rules 10b5-1 and 10b-18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or by a combination of such methods. The share repurchase program is subject to prevailing market conditions and other considerations and may be suspended or discontinued at any time.
Treasury Stock.     In addition to open market purchases of common stock authorized under the Common Stock Repurchase Program, employees may direct us to withhold vested shares of restricted stock to satisfy the minimum statutory withholding requirements applicable to their restricted stock vesting. We repurchased or withheld from restricted stock awards 14,901 and 38,331 shares of common stock at an aggregate purchase price of $0.1 million and $0.3 million, for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively, to satisfy the minimum applicable tax withholding obligations incident to the vesting of such restricted stock awards.
The following table provides the treasury stock activity that occurred in 2013 (number of shares and cost in thousands):

											
 	 	Total Number of
Shares Purchased
or Withheld
(in thousands)	 	Average
Price
Purchased or
Withheld
(per share)	 	Cost of Shares
Purchased or
Withheld
(in thousands)	 	
Outstanding, December 31, 2012	 	 	20,724	 	$	7.02	 	$	145,490	 	
Shares repurchased under current plan	 	 	2,564	 	$	7.11	 	 	18,241	 	
Shares withheld from restricted stock vesting	 	 	15	 	$	7.27	 	 	109	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Outstanding, December 31, 2013	 	 	23,303	 	$	7.03	 	$	163,840	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
11. WEIGHTED AVERAGE COMMON SHARES
The weighted average number of common shares outstanding used in the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share is as follows (in thousands):

											
 	 	At December 31,	 	
 	 	2013	 	2012	 	2011	 	
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding—basic	 	 	66,014	 	 	65,933	 	 	64,673	 	
Potential dilution from equity grants(1)	 	 	1,191	 	 	1,404	 	 	186	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding—diluted	 	 	67,205	 	 	67,337	 	 	64,859	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	

(1)
The potential dilution excludes the weighted average effect of stock options to acquire 5.9 million, 5.1 million and 8.1 million of our common stock at December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively, because the application of the treasury stock method, as required, makes them anti-dilutive.
12. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION
Equity Incentive Awards
In January 2005, we adopted the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan (the "2005 Plan") to attract and retain the best available personnel, to provide additional incentives to employees, directors and consultants and thus to promote the success of our business. The 2005 Plan is administered by the Board of Directors but may be administered by our Compensation Committee. The administrator of the 2005 Plan has the authority to select individuals who are to receive options or other equity incentive awards under the 2005 Plan and to specify the terms and conditions of grants of options or other equity incentive awards, the vesting provisions, the term and the exercise price.
Generally, stock options and restricted stock granted under the 2005 Plan (other than those granted to non-employee directors) will vest at a rate of 25% of the shares underlying the option after one year and the remaining shares vest in equal portions over the following 36 months, such that all shares are vested after four years. Unless otherwise provided by the administrator, an option granted under the 2005 Plan generally expires ten years from the date of grant. Stock options are issued at the closing market price on the date of grant.
The vesting provisions of restricted stock are similar to those applicable to stock options. Because these restricted shares are issued primarily to employees of the Company, many of the shares issued will be withheld by the Company to satisfy the statutory withholding requirements applicable to the restricted stock grants. Therefore, as these awards vest the actual number of shares outstanding as a result of the restricted stock awards is reduced. These shares will vest over a period of four years.
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12. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION (Continued)
A summary of award activity under the 2005 Plan is as follows (in thousands):

											
 	 	Stock Options
Granted	 	Restricted Stock
Granted	 	Equity Awards
Available for Grant	 	
Outstanding, December 31, 2012	 	 	9,449	 	 	111	 	 	2,629	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Additional authorized shares	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	3,174	 	
Granted	 	 	1,230	 	 	370	 	 	(1,600	)	
Exercised options or vested shares	 	 	(1,618	)	 	(70	)	 	—	 	
Canceled or forfeited	 	 	(189	)	 	(7	)	 	196	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Outstanding, December 31, 2013	 	 	8,872	 	 	404	 	 	4,399	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
We have reserved 21,353,584 shares of common stock for the grant of stock options and other equity incentive awards under the 2005 Plan as of December 31, 2013. On the first business day of each fiscal year beginning with the fiscal year commencing on January 1, 2006, annual increases will be added to the 2005 Plan equal to 3% of all outstanding shares of our common stock immediately prior to such increase, or a lesser amount determined by our Board of Directors. We increased the shares under the 2005 Plan by 3.2 million shares during the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012.
Stock Options
The fair value of options was determined as of the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions:

											
 	 	Year Ended
December 31,	 	
 	 	2013	 	2012	 	2011	 	
Risk-free interest rate	 	 	1	%	 	1	%	 	2	%	
Expected life of options (in years)	 	 	4	 	 	6	 	 	6	 	
Expected volatility	 	 	61	%	 	62	%	 	63	%	
Expected dividend yield	 	 	0	%	 	0	%	 	0	%	
The risk-free rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant. The expected volatility for options granted in 2013 is based upon our historical volatility. The expected dividend yield is based on our historical practice of not paying dividends.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
12. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION (Continued)
The following tables summarize additional information regarding the options that have been granted under the 2005 Plan:

														
 	 	Number of
Common Shares
(in thousands)	 	Weighted Average
Exercise Price
(per share)	 	Weighted
Average Life
Remaining
(years)	 	Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
(in thousands)	 	
Outstanding, December 31, 2012	 	 	9,449	 	$	7.19	 	 	6.4	 	$	16,626	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Granted	 	 	1,230	 	 	7.07	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Exercised	 	 	(1,618	)	 	5.22	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Canceled or forfeited	 	 	(189	)	 	7.09	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Outstanding, December 31, 2013	 	 	8,872	 	$	7.54	 	 	5.9	 	$	27,301	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Vested and expected to vest, December 31, 2013	 	 	8,448	 	$	7.62	 	 	5.8	 	$	25,538	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Exercisable, December 31, 2013	 	 	6,160	 	$	8.23	 	 	4.8	 	$	16,370	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	

																							
 	 	 	 	 	 	Options Outstanding	 	Options Exercisable	 	
 	 	Range of Exercise Prices	 	Number
Outstanding
(000's)	 	Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contract
Life (Years)	 	Weighted
Average
Exercise
Prices	 	Number
Exercisable
(000's)	 	Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price	 	
 	 	$	—	 	$	5.99	 	 	3,135	 	 	7.4	 	$	4.46	 	 	1,811	 	$	4.22	 	
 	 	 	6.00	 	 	8.99	 	 	3,505	 	 	6.7	 	 	7.14	 	 	2,117	 	 	7.19	 	
 	 	 	9.00	 	 	12.99	 	 	1,000	 	 	3.8	 	 	9.99	 	 	1,000	 	 	9.99	 	
 	 	 	13.00	 	 	13.99	 	 	785	 	 	1.1	 	 	13.98	 	 	785	 	 	13.98	 	
 	 	 	14.00	 	 	14.99	 	 	160	 	 	2.4	 	 	14.22	 	 	160	 	 	14.22	 	
 	 	 	15.00	 	 	15.99	 	 	152	 	 	2.2	 	 	15.22	 	 	152	 	 	15.22	 	
 	 	 	16.00	 	 	18.99	 	 	135	 	 	2.7	 	 	16.80	 	 	135	 	 	16.80	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	8,872	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	6,160	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
There were 1.2 million, 2.4 million and 2.1 million options granted for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively. The weighted average grant date fair value per share of the options granted was $3.31, $2.93 and $2.04 for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively. The total intrinsic value of options exercised was $4.6 million, $6.3 million and $0.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
There was $7.1 million in unrecognized compensation expense related to options expected to vest as of December 31, 2013. This cost was expected to be recognized on a straight-line basis over a weighted average period of 2.4 years. We granted options to acquire 1.2 million shares of common stock, received $8.4 million in proceeds from the exercise of options and recorded $4.4 million in non-cash compensation expense related to options granted that were expected to vest for the year ended and as of December 31, 2013.
We recorded $6.2 million and $6.8 million in non-cash compensation expense related to options granted that were expected to vest as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. We received $6.7 million and
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
12. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION (Continued)
$0.8 million in cash from the exercise of 2.4 million and 0.4 million options for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
Restricted Stock
The following is a summary of non-vested share awards for our time-based restricted shares:

								
 	 	Shares
Outstanding
(in thousands)	 	Weighted
Average Grant
Date Fair Value
(per share)	 	
Outstanding, December 31, 2012	 	 	111	 	$	5.72	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Granted	 	 	370	 	 	7.09	 	
Vested	 	 	(70	)	 	5.15	 	
Forfeited	 	 	(7	)	 	7.09	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Outstanding, December 31, 2013	 	 	404	 	$	7.05	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
There were 369,641 and 85,000 shares of restricted stock granted for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The weighted average grant date fair value per share of restricted stock granted was $7.09 and $6.80 for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. There was no restricted stock granted for the year ended December 31, 2011. The total fair value of restricted shares vested was $0.7 million, $1.3 million and $1.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
There was $2.1 million in unrecognized compensation expense related to time-based restricted shares expected to vest as of December 31, 2013. This cost was expected to be recognized on a straight-line basis over a weighted average period of 3.1 years. We recorded $0.7 million in non-cash compensation expense related to the restricted stock granted that was expected to vest as of December 31, 2013.
We recorded approximately $0.4 million and $0 in non-cash compensation expense related to the restricted stock granted that were expected to vest as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
13. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN
Defined Contribution Plan
We have a retirement savings plan (the "401(k) Plan") under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code covering our employees. The 401(k) Plan allows employees to defer up to the lesser of the Internal Revenue Code prescribed maximum amount or 100% of their income on a pre-tax basis through contributions to the plan. As a benefit to employees, we match a percentage of these employee contributions. Expenses related to the matching portion of the contributions to the 401(k) Plan were $0.5 million, $0.3 million and $0.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
14. INCOME TAXES
The following presents consolidated income before tax for domestic and foreign operations (in thousands):

											
 	 	Year Ended December 31,	 	
 	 	2013	 	2012	 	2011	 	
Consolidated income before tax	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Domestic	 	$	35,473	 	$	39,280	 	$	18,705	 	
Foreign	 	 	3,412	 	 	1,183	 	 	10	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Total	 	$	38,885	 	$	40,463	 	$	18,715	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
The income tax provision attributable to income from operations before tax consists of the following components (in thousands):

											
 	 	Year Ended December 31,	 	
 	 	2013	 	2012	 	2011	 	
Income tax provision	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Domestic	 	$	13,626	 	$	14,358	 	$	9,528	 	
Foreign	 	 	861	 	 	416	 	 	58	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Total income tax provision	 	$	14,487	 	$	14,774	 	$	9,586	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Income tax provision components	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Current	 	$	844	 	$	430	 	$	334	 	
Deferred	 	 	13,643	 	 	14,344	 	 	9,252	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Total income tax provision	 	$	14,487	 	$	14,774	 	$	9,586	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
A reconciliation of the federal statutory rate and the effective income tax rate is as follows:

											
 	 	Year Ended December 31,	 	
 	 	2013	 	2012	 	2011	 	
Income tax reconciliation	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Federal statutory rate	 	 	35.0	%	 	35.0	%	 	35.0	%	
Foreign provision	 	 	(1.0	)%	 	(0.4	)%	 	0.1	%	
State/province income tax	 	 	1.3	%	 	1.7	%	 	2.4	%	
Non-deductible compensation cost	 	 	1.1	%	 	0.2	%	 	7.8	%	
Change in valuation allowance	 	 	0.2	%	 	1.0	%	 	2.1	%	
Adjustment to carrying value	 	 	0.3	%	 	(2.2	)%	 	3.6	%	
Foreign dividends and IRC Sec. 956 inclusions, net of foreign tax deduction	 	 	0.1	%	 	1.1	%	 	0.2	%	
Non-deductible expenses and other items	 	 	0.3	%	 	0.1	%	 	0.0	%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Effective tax rate	 	 	37.3	%	 	36.5	%	 	51.2	%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
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GLOBAL CASH ACCESS HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
14. INCOME TAXES (Continued)
The major tax-effected components of the deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows (in thousands):

											
 	 	Year Ended December 31,	 	
 	 	2013	 	2012	 	2011	 	
Deferred income tax assets related to:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Intangibles	 	$	44,845	 	$	63,899	 	$	82,088	 	
Net operating losses	 	 	37,333	 	 	32,171	 	 	29,733	 	
Stock compensation expense	 	 	7,066	 	 	6,775	 	 	5,412	 	
Accounts receivable allowances	 	 	1,703	 	 	1,968	 	 	2,770	 	
Accrued and prepaid expenses	 	 	1,331	 	 	1,279	 	 	702	 	
Borrowings	 	 	348	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	
Other	 	 	406	 	 	367	 	 	492	 	
Property, equipment and leasehold improvements	 	 	333	 	 	312	 	 	—	 	
Valuation allowance	 	 	(1,379	)	 	(1,307	)	 	(905	)	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Total deferred income tax assets	 	$	91,986	 	$	105,464	 	$	120,292	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Deferred income tax liabilities related to:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Property, equipment and leasehold improvements	 	$	—	 	$	—	 	$	242	 	
Other	 	 	942	 	 	800	 	 	512	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Total deferred income tax liabilities	 	$	942	 	$	800	 	$	754	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Deferred income taxes, net	 	$	91,044	 	$	104,664	 	$	119,538	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
For all of our investments in foreign subsidiaries, except for GCA (Macau), deferred taxes have not been provided on unrepatriated foreign earnings. Unrepatriated earnings were approximately $6.2 million as of December 31, 2013. These earnings were considered permanently reinvested, as it was management's intention to reinvest foreign earnings in foreign operations. We project sufficient cash flow in the U.S. and we do not need to repatriate these foreign earnings to finance U.S. operations.
As a result of certain realization requirements under the accounting guidance on share-based payments, the table of deferred tax assets and liabilities shown above does not include certain deferred tax assets that arose directly from tax deductions related to equity compensation in excess of compensation recognized for financial reporting at December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Equity will be increased by $4.1 million if, and when, such deferred tax assets are ultimately realized. We use the accounting guidance on income taxes ordering for purposes of determining when excess tax benefits have been realized.
We had $109.8 million, or $38.4 million tax-effected, of accumulated federal net operating losses as of December 31, 2013. The net operating losses can be carried forward and applied to offset taxable income for 20 years and will expire starting in 2025.
We had tax-effected state net operating loss carry forwards of approximately $2.9 million as of December 31, 2013. The state net operating loss carry forwards will expire between 2014 and 2032. The determination and utilization of these state net operating loss carry forwards are dependent upon apportionment percentages and other respective state laws, which can change from year to year. As of December 31, 2013, $1.2 million of our valuation allowance related to certain state net operating loss carry forwards which are expected to expire before utilization, due to shorter carry forward periods and decreased apportionment percentages in those states.
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GLOBAL CASH ACCESS HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
14. INCOME TAXES (Continued)
We had a net deferred income tax asset of $91.0 million as of December 31, 2013. We recognized a deferred tax asset upon our conversion from a limited liability company to a corporation on May 14, 2004. Prior to that time, all tax attributes flowed through to the members of the limited liability company. The principal component of the deferred tax asset is a difference between our assets for financial accounting and tax purposes. This difference results from a significant balance of acquired goodwill of approximately $687.4 million that was generated as part of the conversion to a corporation plus approximately $97.6 million in pre-existing goodwill carried over from periods prior to the conversion. Both of these assets are recorded for tax purposes but not for accounting purposes. This asset is amortized over 15 years for tax purposes, resulting in annual pretax income being $52.3 million lower for tax purposes than for financial accounting purposes. At an estimated blended domestic statutory tax rate of 36.4%, this results in tax payments being approximately $19.0 million less than the annual provision for income taxes shown on the income statement for financial accounting purposes, or the amount of the annual provision, if less. There is an expected aggregate of $101.5 million in cash savings over the remaining life of the portion of our deferred tax asset related to the conversion. This deferred tax asset may be subject to certain limitations. We believe that it is more likely than not that we will be able to utilize our deferred tax asset. However, the utilization of this tax asset is subject to many factors including, but not limited to, a change of control of the Company and future earnings.
We have analyzed filing positions in all of the federal, state and foreign jurisdictions where it is required to file income tax returns, as well as all open tax years in these jurisdictions. We believe that our income tax filing positions and deductions will be sustained upon audit and we do not anticipate any adjustments that will result in a material change to our financial position. We may from time to time be assessed interest or penalties by tax jurisdictions, although any such assessments historically have been minimal and immaterial to our financial results. Our policy for recording interest and penalties associated with audits and unrecognized tax benefits is to record such items as a component of income tax expense.
During the year ended December 31, 2013, we were under audit by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service for the tax years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010. The audit field work was completed and we agreed to the audit report. The audit report did not materially affect our deferred taxes or the income tax provision as of and for the year ended December 31, 2013. We are subject to taxation in the U.S. and various states and foreign jurisdictions. We have a number of federal and state income tax years still open for examination as a result of our net operating loss carry forwards. Accordingly, we are subject to examination for both U.S. federal and a few state tax returns for the years 2005 to present. For the remaining state, local and foreign jurisdictions, with few exceptions, we are no longer subject to examination by tax authorities for years before 2010.
15. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
A member of our Board of Directors served as a member of the board of directors of a gaming company until April 2013 for which we provide various cash access products and services that are insignificant to our net income. Our Board Member received both cash and equity compensation from this gaming company in consideration for serving on its board of directors, however, none of this consideration was tied in any manner to our performance or obligations under our cash access agreements with the gaming company. In addition, our Board member was not involved in the negotiation of our cash access agreements with this gaming company.
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GLOBAL CASH ACCESS HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
15. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (Continued)
In October 2012, we entered into a long-term lease agreement related to office space for our corporate headquarters that we moved into during the first half of 2013, for which we engaged a brokerage firm. An executive officer of this brokerage firm is the brother of our former Chief Financial Officer. This brokerage firm received approximately $0.4 million as compensation for acting as our broker.
16. SEGMENT INFORMATION
Operating segments are components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker, or decision-making group, in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. Our chief operating decision-making group consists of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer. The operating segments are reviewed separately because each represents products that can be, and often are, sold separately to our customers.
We operate in the following business segments: (1) Cash Advance, (2) ATM, (3) Check Services and (4) Other. Each of these segments is monitored separately by our management for performance against its internal forecast and is consistent with our internal management reporting. The Other segment consists of certain lines of business, none of which exceeds the established materiality for segment reporting, which includes: Kiosk Sales, Kiosk Parts and Services, Central Credit reporting services and Casino Marketing Services, among others.
We do not allocate depreciation and amortization expenses to the business segments. Certain corporate overhead expenses have been allocated to the segments for identifiable items related to such segments or based on a reasonable methodology.
Our business is predominantly domestic, with no specific regional concentrations and no significant assets in foreign locations.
Major customers.     For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, no single customer accounted for more than 10% of our revenues. Our five largest customers accounted for approximately 33%, 34% and 28% of our total revenue in 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
The accounting policies of the operating segments are generally the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies.
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GLOBAL CASH ACCESS HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
16. SEGMENT INFORMATION (Continued)
The following tables present segment information (in thousands):

											
 	 	For and At the Year Ended
December 31,	 	
 	 	2013	 	2012	 	2011	 	
Revenues	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Cash advance	 	$	231,134	 	$	227,517	 	$	203,869	 	
ATM	 	 	286,049	 	 	303,159	 	 	283,727	 	
Check services	 	 	21,611	 	 	25,401	 	 	26,269	 	
Other	 	 	43,650	 	 	28,409	 	 	30,198	 	
Corporate	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	 	—	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Total revenues	 	$	582,444	 	$	584,486	 	$	544,063	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Operating income	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Cash advance	 	$	60,977	 	$	63,785	 	$	38,468	 	
ATM	 	 	25,347	 	 	32,333	 	 	34,832	 	
Check services	 	 	12,365	 	 	13,930	 	 	14,197	 	
Other	 	 	19,631	 	 	14,457	 	 	14,808	 	
Corporate	 	 	(69,170	)	 	(68,523	)	 	(64,009	)	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Total operating income	 	$	49,150	 	$	55,982	 	$	38,296	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total assets	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Cash advance	 	$	145,939	 	$	149,113	 	 	 	 	
ATM	 	 	69,627	 	 	59,781	 	 	 	 	
Check services	 	 	30,930	 	 	35,216	 	 	 	 	
Other	 	 	56,946	 	 	39,838	 	 	 	 	
Corporate	 	 	223,885	 	 	269,947	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
Total assets	 	$	527,327	 	$	553,895	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 ​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
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GLOBAL CASH ACCESS HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
17. QUARTERLY RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)
The unaudited selected quarterly results of operations are as follows (in thousands, except for per share amounts):

																	
 	 	Quarter	 	
 	 	First	 	Second	 	Third	 	Fourth	 	Year	 	
2013	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Revenues	 	$	146,822	 	$	149,065	 	$	146,101	 	$	140,456	 	$	582,444	 	
Operating income	 	 	12,901	 	 	13,633	 	 	11,420	 	 	11,196	 	 	49,150	 	
Net income	 	 	6,136	 	 	6,776	 	 	5,782	 	 	5,704	 	 	24,398	 	
Net income	 	 	

 	 	 	

Basic earnings per share	 	$	0.09	 	$	0.10	 	$	0.09	 	$	0.09	 	$	0.37	 	
Diluted earnings per share	 	$	0.09	 	$	0.10	 	$	0.09	 	$	0.08	 	$	0.36	 	
Weighted average common shares outstanding	 	 	

 	 	 	

Basic	 	 	66,697	 	 	66,116	 	 	65,525	 	 	65,730	 	 	66,014	 	
Diluted	 	 	67,882	 	 	66,993	 	 	66,630	 	 	67,394	 	 	67,205	 	
2012	 	 	

 	 	 	

Revenues	 	$	151,065	 	$	147,465	 	$	149,824	 	$	136,132	 	$	584,486	 	
Operating income	 	 	15,696	 	 	15,963	 	 	14,642	 	 	9,681	 	 	55,982	 	
Net income	 	 	7,128	 	 	7,084	 	 	7,079	 	 	4,398	 	 	25,689	 	
Net income	 	 	

 	 	 	

Basic earnings per share	 	$	0.11	 	$	0.11	 	$	0.11	 	$	0.07	 	$	0.39	 	
Diluted earnings per share	 	$	0.11	 	$	0.11	 	$	0.10	 	$	0.06	 	$	0.38	 	
Weighted average common shares outstanding	 	 	

 	 	 	

Basic	 	 	65,134	 	 	65,774	 	 	66,108	 	 	66,739	 	 	65,933	 	
Diluted	 	 	66,190	 	 	67,383	 	 	67,601	 	 	67,996	 	 	67,337	 	
18. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
As of March 11, 2014, we had not identified, and were not aware of, any subsequent events for the year ended December 31, 2013.
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 ITEM 9.    CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
ITEM 9A.    CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Attached as exhibits to this Annual Report on Form 10-K are certifications of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, which are required pursuant to Rule 13a-14 of the Exchange Act. This "Controls and Procedures" section of this Annual Report on Form 10-K includes information concerning management's assessment of our internal control over financial reporting and the controls evaluation referenced in the certifications. The report of Deloitte & Touche, LLP, our independent registered public accounting firm, is also included below. Deloitte & Touche LLP's report addresses their audit of our internal control over financial reporting. This section of the Annual Report on Form 10-K should be read in conjunction with the certifications and the report of Deloitte & Touche, LLP for a more complete understanding of the matters presented.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in our reports under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time period specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
As required by Rule 13a-15(b) promulgated under the Exchange Act, our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the design and operating effectiveness as of December 31, 2013 of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) promulgated under the Exchange Act. Based on this evaluation our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2013.
Management's Report of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (1992). Based on this evaluation, management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2013. Deloitte & Touche LLP has audited our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013 as stated in their attestation report which is included herein.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting during the Quarter Ended December 31, 2013
No change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) occurred during the fourth quarter ended December 31, 2013 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Global Cash Access Holdings, Inc.
Las Vegas, NV
We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Global Cash Access Holdings, Inc. and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2013, based on the criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework (1992) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. The Company's management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management's Report of Internal Control over Financial Reporting . Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the company's principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by the company's board of directors, management, and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting, including the possibility of collusion or improper management override of controls, material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013, based on the criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework (1992) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2013 of the Company and our report dated March 11, 2014 expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
Las Vegas, NV
March 11, 2014
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ITEM 9B.    OTHER INFORMATION
None.

 PART III
ITEM 10.    DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Information regarding our directors, executive officers and corporate governance required by this Item is incorporated by reference to the section entitled "Proposal One—Election of Class III Directors" in our Definitive Proxy Statement in connection with the 2014 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the "Proxy Statement"), which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013. Information required by Item 405 of Regulation S-K is incorporated by reference to the section entitled "Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance" in the Proxy Statement. Information required by 10A-3(d) of the Exchange Act is incorporated by reference to the section entitled "Board and Corporate Governance Matters" in the Proxy Statement.
We have adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that is designed to qualify as a "code of ethics" within the meaning of Section 406 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the rules promulgated thereunder. The Code of Business Conduct and Ethics is available on our website at www.gcainc.com. To the extent required by law, any amendments to, or waivers from, any provision of the Code of Conduct will be promptly disclosed to the public. To the extent permitted by such legal requirements, we intend to make such public disclosure by posting the relevant material on our website in accordance with SEC rules.
In May 2013, our former Chief Executive Officer certified to the New York Stock Exchange that he was not aware of any violation by us of the New York Stock Exchange Corporate Governance listing standards as of that date.
We have filed, as an exhibit to this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the certifications required by Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the rules promulgated there under regarding the quality of our public disclosure.
ITEM 11.    EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to the section entitled "Executive Compensation," "Directors' Compensation" and "Report of Compensation Committee" in the Proxy Statement.
ITEM 12.    SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
Information regarding security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management is incorporated by reference to the section entitled "Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management" in the Proxy Statement.
ITEM 13.    CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
Information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to the section entitled "Transactions with Related Persons" in the Proxy Statement.
ITEM 14.    PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
Information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the section entitled "Audit and Non-Audit Fees" in the Proxy Statement.
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 PART IV
ITEM 15.    EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a)
The following documents are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K:

1.
Financial Statements

					
Report of Deloitte & Touche LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm	 	 	58	 	
Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income for the three years ended December 31, 2013	 	 	59	 	
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2013 and 2012	 	 	60	 	
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three years ended December 31, 2013	 	 	61	 	
Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity for the three years ended December 31, 2013	 	 	62	 	
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	 	 	63	 	
2.
Financial Statement Schedules
All schedules have been omitted as they are either not required or not applicable or the required information is included in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.
3.
See Item 15(b)

(b)
Exhibits:

				
Exhibit
Number	 	Exhibit Description	
 	3.1	(1)	Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation.	
 	  	 	 	
 	3.2	(2)	Amended and Restated Bylaws.	
 	  	 	 	
 	3.3	(3)	Certificate of Amendment to Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation.	
 	  	 	 	
 	4.4	(1)	Assumption Agreement, dated as of June 7, 2004, by Global Cash Access, Inc. and the Subsidiary Guarantors named therein.	
 	  	 	 	
 	4.5	(1)	Supplemental Indenture by and among Global Cash Access Holdings, Inc., Global Cash Access, Inc., GCA Access Card, Inc., Central Credit, LLC and The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A. and form of notation of Guarantee by Global Cash Access Holdings, Inc.	
 	  	 	 	
 	4.6	(1)	Supplemental Indenture by and among Global Cash Access, Inc., GCA Access Card, Inc., Central Credit, LLC and The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A. and notation of Guarantee by GCA Access Card,  Inc.	
 	  	 	 	
 	10.1	(1)	Lease Agreement, dated as of March 8, 2000, by and between Global Cash Access, L.L.C. and American Pacific Capital Gateway Bldg D Co., L.L.C.	
 	  	 	 	
 	10.9	(1)	Sponsorship Indemnification Agreement, dated as of March 10, 2004, by and between Global Cash Access, L.L.C. and First Data Corporation.	
 	  	 	 	
 	10.10	(1)	Amended and Restated Software License Agreement, dated as of March 10, 2004, between TSYS and Global Cash Access, L.L.C.	
 	  	 	 	
 	10.11	(1)	Professional Services Agreement, dated as of March 10, 2004, between TSYS and Global Cash Access, L.L.C.	
 	  	 	 	
 	10.12	(1)	Patent License Agreement, dated as of March 10, 2004, between USA Payments, Inc. and Global Cash Access, L.L.C.	
 		 	 	
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Exhibit
Number	 	Exhibit Description	
 	10.14	(1)	Letter Agreement Relating to Technology, dated May 13, 2004, among Global Cash Access, L.L.C., USA Payments, Inc., USA Payment Systems, Inc. and TSYS.	
 	  	 	 	
 	10.15	(1)	Automated Teller Machine Sponsorship Agreement by and between Global Cash Access, L.L.C. and Western Union Bank, dated as of November 12, 2002, and First Amendment to Automated Teller Machine Sponsorship Agreement, dated as of March 10, 2004, between Global Cash Access, L.L.C. and First Financial Bank.	
 	  	 	 	
 	*10.22	(1)	Global Cash Access Holdings, Inc. 2005 Stock Incentive Plan.	
 	  	 	 	
 	*10.23	(1)	Form of Indemnification Agreement between Global Cash Access Holdings, Inc. and each of its executive officers and directors.	
 	  	 	 	
 	10.24	(1)	Patent Purchase and License Agreement, dated as of March 22, 2005, by and between Global Cash Access, Inc. and USA Payments, Inc.	
 	  	 	 	
 	*10.34	(4)	Employment Agreement with Scott Betts, dated October 31, 2007.	
 	  	 	 	
 	*10.35	(5)	Notices of Stock Option Award and Stock Option Award Agreements with Scott Betts dated October 31, 2007.	
 	  	 	 	
 	*10.41	(6)	Amendment No. 1 to Employment Agreement, by and between the Company and Scott Betts, dated August 11, 2008.	
 	  	 	 	
 	*10.43	(7)	Amendment No. 2 to Employment Agreement, by and between the Company and Scott Betts dated April 24, 2009.	
 	  	 	 	
 	*+10.44	(8)	Processing Services Agreement, dated as of August 21, 2009, between Global Cash Access, Inc., and TSYS Acquiring Solutions, LLC effective July 1, 2009.	
 	  	 	 	
 	*+10.45	(9)	Amendment to Professional Services Agreement, Amended and Restated Software License Agreement, and Transending Services Agreement, dated as of August 21, 2009, between Global Cash Access, Inc. and TSYS Acquiring Solutions, LLC.	
 	  	 	 	
 	*10.46	(10)	Amendment No. 3 to Employment Agreement with Scott Betts dated March 26, 2010.	
 	  	 	 	
 	*10.47	(11)	Agreement with Mary E. Higgins dated September 2, 2010.	
 	  	 	 	
 	*10.48	(12)	Form of Notice of Stock Option Award and Stock Option Award Agreement—Mary E. Higgins effective September 14, 2010.	
 	  	 	 	
 	*10.49	(13)	Form of Notice of Stock Option Award and Stock Option Award Agreement—Michael Rumbolz effective August 30, 2010.	
 	  	 	 	
 	+10.52	(14)	Contract Cash Solutions Agreement, dated November 12, 2010, between Global Cash Access, Inc. and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.	
 	  	 	 	
 	+10.53	(15)	Fee Letter, dated November 12, 2010, between Global Cash Access, Inc. and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A regarding the Contract Cash Solutions Agreement, dated November 12, 2010.	
 	  	 	 	
 	+10.54	(16)	Sponsorship Agreement, dated February 11, 2011, between Global Cash Access, Inc. and American State Bank.	
 	  	 	 	
 	*10.55	(17)	Employment Agreement with David Johnson, effective as of April 1, 2011.	
 	  	 	 	
 	*10.56	(18)	Form of Notice of Stock Option Award and Stock Option Award Agreement—David Johnson effective April 1, 2011.	
 		 	 	
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Exhibit
Number	 	Exhibit Description	
 	+10.57	(19)	Second Amendment to Processing Services Agreement, dated as of December 27, 2011, between Global Cash Access, Inc. and TSYS Acquiring Solutions, LLC	
 	  	 	 	
 	10.58	(20)	Credit Agreement, dated March 1, 2011, among Global Cash Access Holdings, Inc., Global Cash Access, Inc., Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as Administrative Agent, and the various lenders who are party thereto from time to time.	
 	  	 	 	
 	*10.59	(21)	Employment Agreement with Diallo Gordon, effective March 28, 2012.	
 	  	 	 	
 	10.61	(22)	Second Amendment to Contract Cash Solutions Agreement, dated June 4, 2012, between Global Cash Access, Inc. and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.	
 	  	 	 	
 	*10.62	(23)	Employment Agreement with David Lopez, effective June 11, 2012.	
 	  	 	 	
 	*10.63	(24)	Form of Stock Option Agreement for David Lopez.	
 	  	 	 	
 	*10.64	(25)	Form of Restricted Stock Agreement for David Lopez.	
 	  	 	 	
 	10.66	(26)	First Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated September 24, 2012, among Global Cash Access Holdings, Inc., Global Cash Access, Inc., Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as Administrative Agent, and the various lenders who are party thereto from time to time.	
 	  	 	 	
 	*10.67	(27)	Employment Agreement with Robert Myhre, effective October 1, 2012.	
 	  	 	 	
 	*10.68	(28)	Form of Stock Option Agreement for Robert Myhre.	
 	  	 	 	
 	*10.69	(29)	Form of Restricted Stock Agreement for Robert Myhre.	
 	  	 	 	
 	*10.73	(30)	Transition and Retirement Agreement for Scott Betts, dated January 18, 2013.	
 	  	 	 	
 	*10.74	(31)	Amended and Restated Employment Agreement with David Lopez, effective March 29, 2013.	
 	  	 	 	
 	*10.75	(32)	Amendment to Employment Agreement with Mary E. Higgins, effective March 29, 2013.	
 	  	 	 	
 	10.76	(33)	Second Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated May 22, 2013, among Global Cash Access Holdings, Inc., Global Cash Access, Inc., Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as Administrative Agent, and the various lenders who are party thereto from time to time.	
 	  	 	 	
 	10.77	(34)	Third Amendment to Contract Cash Solutions Agreement, dated November 4, 2013, between Global Cash Access, Inc. and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.	
 	  	 	 	
 	*10.78	(35)	Employment Agreement with Ram V. Chary, effective January 27, 2014, including Form of Stock Option Agreement for Ram V. Chary.	
 	  	 	 	
 	*10.79	(36)	Form of Stock Option Agreement for Ram V. Chary.	
 	  	 	 	
 	*10.80	(37)	Form of Indemnification Agreement for Ram V. Chary.	
 	  	 	 	
 	21.1	 	Subsidiaries of the Registrant.	
 	  	 	 	
 	23.1	 	Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP.	
 	  	 	 	
 	24.1	 	Power of Attorney (see page 96).	
 	  	 	 	
 	31.1	 	Certification of Ram V. Chary, Chief Executive Officer of Global Cash Access Holdings, Inc. dated March 11, 2014 in accordance with Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act, as amended, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.	
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Exhibit
Number	 	Exhibit Description	
 	31.2	 	Certification of Randy L. Taylor, Chief Financial Officer of Global Cash Access Holdings, Inc. dated March 11, 2014 in accordance with Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act, as amended, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.	
 	  	 	 	
 	32.1	 	Certification of Ram V. Chary, Chief Executive Officer of Global Cash Access Holdings, Inc. dated March 11, 2014 in accordance with 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.	
 	  	 	 	
 	32.2	 	Certification of Randy L. Taylor, Chief Financial Officer of Global Cash Access Holdings, Inc. dated March 11, 2014 in accordance with 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.	
 	  	 	 	
 	101.INS	 	XBRL Instance Document**	
 	  	 	 	
 	101.SCH	 	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document**	
 	  	 	 	
 	101.CAL	 	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document**	
 	  	 	 	
 	101.DEF	 	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document**	
 	  	 	 	
 	101.LAB	 	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document**	
 	  	 	 	
 	101.PRE	 	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document**	

(1)
Incorporated by reference to the same numbered exhibit of the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-123514) filed September 22, 2005.

(2)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed December 26, 2007.

(3)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed January 25, 2007.

(4)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed August 9, 2007.

(5)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed November 2, 2007.

(6)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 19, 2008.

(7)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed August 12, 2008.

(8)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.36 of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 30, 2007.

(9)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 24, 2009.

(10)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 31, 2010.

(11)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 2, 2010.
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(12)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 2, 2010.

(13)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 2, 2010.

(14)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.52 of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 14, 2011.

(15)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.53 of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 14, 2011.

(16)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.54 of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 14, 2011.

(17)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 29, 2011.

(18)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 29, 2011.

(19)
Incorporated by reference to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 3, 2012.

(20)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 2, 2011.

(21)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 28, 2012.

(22)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 7, 2012.

(23)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed August 7, 2012.

(24)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed August 7, 2012.

(25)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed August 7, 2012.

(26)
Incorporated by reference to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 25, 2012.

(27)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed November 7, 2012.

(28)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed November 7, 2012.

(29)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed November 7, 2012.

(30)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 24, 2013.

(31)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on May 7, 2013.

(32)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on May 7, 2013.
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(33)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 23, 2013.

(34)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed November 5, 2013.

(35)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 and 10.2 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 28, 2014.

(36)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 and 10.2 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 28, 2014.

(37)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 and 10.2 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 28, 2014.

*
Management contracts or compensatory plans or arrangements.

**
Pursuant to applicable securities laws and regulations, the Company is deemed to have complied with the reporting obligation relating to the submission of interactive data files in such exhibits and is not subject to liability under any anti-fraud provisions of the federal securities laws as long as the Company has made a good faith attempt to comply with the submission requirements and promptly amends the interactive data files after becoming aware that the interactive data files fails to comply with the submission requirements. Users of this data are advised that, pursuant to Rule 406T, these interactive data files are deemed not filed or part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Sections 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and otherwise are not subject to liability under these sections.

+
Confidential treatment was requested with regard to certain portions of this document.
(c)
See Item 15(a)(2)
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 SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this Annual Report on Form 10-K to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

					
 	 	GLOBAL CASH ACCESS HOLDINGS, INC.	

 	
By:	
 	
/s/ RAM V. CHARY

Ram V. Chary
 President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)	
Dated: March 11, 2014

 POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Ram V. Chary and Randy L. Taylor, and each of them, his attorneys-in-fact, each with the power of substitution, for him in any and all capacities, to sign any amendments to this Annual Report on Form 10-K and to file the same, with exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, hereby ratifying and confirming all that each of said attorneys-in-fact, or his substitute or substitutes, may do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this Annual Report on Form 10-K has been signed by the following persons on behalf of the registrant in the capacities and on the date indicated.

					
Signature 	 	Title 	 	Date 	

 	

 	
/s/ RAM V. CHARY

Ram V. Chary	 	President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) and Director	 	March 11, 2014	

/s/ RANDY L. TAYLOR

Randy L. Taylor	
 	
Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)	
 	
March 11, 2014	

/s/ SCOTT BETTS

Scott Betts	
 	
Director	
 	
March 11, 2014	

/s/ C. MICHAEL RUMBOLZ

Michael Rumbolz	
 	
Director	
 	
March 11, 2014	

/s/ E. MILES KILBURN

E. Miles Kilburn	
 	
Director	
 	
March 11, 2014	
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Signature 	 	Title 	 	Date 	

 	

 	
/s/ GEOFF JUDGE

Geoff Judge	 	Director	 	March 11, 2014	

/s/ FRED C. ENLOW

Fred C. Enlow	
 	
Director	
 	
March 11, 2014	

/s/ RONALD V. CONGEMI

Ronald V. Congemi	
 	
Director	
 	
March 11, 2014	
97

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 EXHIBIT 21.1
SUBSIDIARIES OF GLOBAL CASH ACCESS HOLDINGS, INC.

			
Name 	 	Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or
Organization	
Global Cash Access, Inc. 	 	Delaware	
Global Cash Access (Canada) Inc. 	 	Ontario, Canada	
Global Cash Access (Panama), Inc. 	 	Panama	
Game Financial Caribbean, N.V. 	 	Netherlands, Antilles	
Global Cash Access (Belize), Limited	 	Belize	
Central Credit, LLC	 	Delaware	
Global Cash Access (BVI) Inc. 	 	British Virgin Islands	
Arriva Card, Inc. 	 	Delaware	
Global Cash Access Switzerland A.G. 	 	Switzerland	
Global Cash Access (HK) Ltd. 	 	Hong Kong	
GCA (Macau) S.A. 	 	Macau SAR	
Global Cash Access (Belgium) S.A. 	 	Belgium	
Global Cash Access (UK) Limited	 	United Kingdom	
Global Cash Access (SA) (Pty) Ltd. 	 	South Africa	
G.C.A., Inc. 	 	St. Christopher, Nevis	
GCA India Private Limited	 	India	
GCA MTL, LLC	 	Delaware	

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EXHIBIT 21.1
SUBSIDIARIES OF GLOBAL CASH ACCESS HOLDINGS, INC.

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 EXHIBIT 23.1
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
We consent to the incorporation by reference in Registration Statement Nos. 333-131904, 333-140878, 333-149496, 333-157512, 333-165264 and 333-172358 each on Form S-8 of our reports dated March 11, 2014 relating to the consolidated financial statements of Global Cash Access Holdings, Inc. and subsidiaries and the effectiveness of Global Cash Access Holdings, Inc. and subsidiaries' internal control over financial reporting appearing in this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Global Cash Access Holdings, Inc. and subsidiaries for the year ended December 31, 2013.
/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
Las Vegas, Nevada
March 11, 2014

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EXHIBIT 23.1
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

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 EXHIBIT 31.1
GLOBAL CASH ACCESS HOLDINGS, INC.
CERTIFICATION
I, Ram V. Chary, certify that:
1.
I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Global Cash Access Holdings, Inc.;

2.
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.
The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a)
designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b)
designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c)
evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d)
disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5.
The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a)
all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b)
any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

					
Dated: March 11, 2014	 	By:	 	/s/ RAM V. CHARY

Ram V. Chary
 President and Chief Executive Officer	

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EXHIBIT 31.1
GLOBAL CASH ACCESS HOLDINGS, INC.
CERTIFICATION

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 EXHIBIT 31.2
GLOBAL CASH ACCESS HOLDINGS, INC.

CERTIFICATION
I, Randy L. Taylor, certify that:
1.
I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Global Cash Access Holdings, Inc.;

2.
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.
The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a)
designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b)
designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c)
evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d)
disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5.
The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a)
all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b)
any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

					
Dated: March 11, 2014	 	By:	 	/s/ RANDY L. TAYLOR

Randy L. Taylor
 Chief Financial Officer	

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EXHIBIT 31.2
GLOBAL CASH ACCESS HOLDINGS, INC. CERTIFICATION

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 EXHIBIT 32.1
GLOBAL CASH ACCESS HOLDINGS, INC.

CERTIFICATION
In connection with the periodic report of Global Cash Access Holdings, Inc. (the "Company") on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2013 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Report"), I, Ram V. Chary, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, hereby certify as of the date hereof, solely for purposes of Title 18, Chapter 63, Section 1350 of the United States Code, that to the best of my knowledge:
(1)
the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and

(2)
the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company at the dates and for the periods indicated.
This Certification has not been, and shall not be deemed, "filed" with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

					

Dated: March 11, 2014	
 	
By:	
 	
/s/ RAM V. CHARY

Ram V. Chary
 President and Chief Executive Officer	

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EXHIBIT 32.1
GLOBAL CASH ACCESS HOLDINGS, INC. CERTIFICATION

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 EXHIBIT 32.2
GLOBAL CASH ACCESS HOLDINGS, INC.
CERTIFICATION
In connection with the periodic report of Global Cash Access Holdings, Inc. (the "Company") on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2013 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Report"), I, Randy L. Taylor, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, hereby certify as of the date hereof, solely for purposes of Title 18, Chapter 63, Section 1350 of the United States Code, that to the best of my knowledge:
(1)
the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and

(2)
the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company at the dates and for the periods indicated.
This Certification has not been, and shall not be deemed, "filed" with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

					
Dated: March 11, 2014	 	By:	 	/s/ RANDY L. TAYLOR
	
	 	 	 	Randy L. Taylor	
	 	 	 	Chief Financial Officer	

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EXHIBIT 32.2
GLOBAL CASH ACCESS HOLDINGS, INC.
CERTIFICATION