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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10-Q
(Mark One)
 	 	 	
þ	 	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934	
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2007
OR
 	 	 	
o	 	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934	
For the transition period from                        to                      
Commission file number 0-26339
JUNIPER NETWORKS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 	 	 	
Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)	 	77-0422528
(IRS Employer
Identification No.)	
 	 	 	
1194 North Mathilda Avenue
Sunnyvale, California 94089
(Address of principal executive offices,
including zip code)	 	(408) 745-2000
(Registrant’s telephone number,
including area code)	
     Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filings requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ       No o
     Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large Accelerated Filer þ      Accelerated Filer o      Non-Accelerated Filer o
     Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o       No þ
     There were approximately 521,600,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock, par value $0.00001, outstanding as of October 31, 2007.

   

 

Table of Contents
 	 	 	 	 	
PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION	 	 	3	 	
Item 1. Financial Statements	 	 	3	 	
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations	 	 	3	 	
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	 	 	4	 	
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	 	 	5	 	
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	 	 	6	 	
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	 	 	29	 	
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	 	 	49	 	
Item 4. Controls and Procedures	 	 	49	 	
PART II — OTHER INFORMATION	 	 	50	 	
Item 1. Legal Proceedings	 	 	50	 	
Item 1A. Risk Factors	 	 	53	 	
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	 	 	64	 	
Item 6. Exhibits	 	 	64	 	
SIGNATURES	 	 	65	 	
  EXHIBIT 10.2	
  EXHIBIT 10.3	
  EXHIBIT 31.1	
  EXHIBIT 31.2	
  EXHIBIT 32.1	
  EXHIBIT 32.2	
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PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
Juniper Networks, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(unaudited)
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Three Months Ended	 	 	Nine Months Ended	 	
 	 	September 30,	 	 	September 30,	 	
 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	
Net revenues:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Product	 	$	606,769	 	 	$	467,237	 	 	$	1,658,237	 	 	$	1,410,152	 	
Service	 	 	128,279	 	 	 	106,330	 	 	 	368,669	 	 	 	297,598	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total net revenues	 	 	735,048	 	 	 	573,567	 	 	 	2,026,906	 	 	 	1,707,750	 	
Cost of revenues:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Product	 	 	168,123	 	 	 	140,787	 	 	 	482,956	 	 	 	421,221	 	
Service	 	 	64,163	 	 	 	49,398	 	 	 	182,213	 	 	 	142,834	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total cost of revenues	 	 	232,286	 	 	 	190,185	 	 	 	665,169	 	 	 	564,055	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Gross margin	 	 	502,762	 	 	 	383,382	 	 	 	1,361,737	 	 	 	1,143,695	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Operating expenses:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Research and development	 	 	167,887	 	 	 	123,389	 	 	 	457,682	 	 	 	353,299	 	
Sales and marketing	 	 	177,762	 	 	 	139,370	 	 	 	485,263	 	 	 	404,800	 	
General and administrative	 	 	29,182	 	 	 	24,542	 	 	 	84,436	 	 	 	71,807	 	
Amortization of purchased intangible assets	 	 	20,230	 	 	 	23,028	 	 	 	65,710	 	 	 	69,436	 	
Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	1,283,421	 	
Other charges, net	 	 	(5,062	)	 	 	15,310	 	 	 	9,164	 	 	 	21,064	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total operating expenses	 	 	389,999	 	 	 	325,639	 	 	 	1,102,255	 	 	 	2,203,827	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Operating income (loss)	 	 	112,763	 	 	 	57,743	 	 	 	259,482	 	 	 	(1,060,132	)	
Interest and other income	 	 	19,601	 	 	 	28,610	 	 	 	80,307	 	 	 	73,366	 	
Interest and other expenses	 	 	(1,656	)	 	 	(808	)	 	 	(3,942	)	 	 	(2,710	)	
Gain on minority equity investment	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	6,745	 	 	 	—	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Income (loss) before income taxes	 	 	130,708	 	 	 	85,545	 	 	 	342,592	 	 	 	(989,476	)	
Provision for income taxes	 	 	45,609	 	 	 	27,271	 	 	 	104,666	 	 	 	82,943	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net income (loss)	 	$	85,099	 	 	$	58,274	 	 	$	237,926	 	 	$	(1,072,419	)	

Net income (loss) per share:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Basic	 	$	0.17	 	 	$	0.10	 	 	$	0.44	 	 	$	(1.89	)	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Diluted	 	$	0.15	 	 	$	0.10	 	 	$	0.41	 	 	$	(1.89	)	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Shares used in computing net income (loss) per share:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Basic	 	 	515,658	 	 	 	568,561	 	 	 	543,094	 	 	 	566,862	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Diluted	 	 	561,401	 	 	 	599,626	 	 	 	582,780	 	 	 	566,862	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
See accompanying Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
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Juniper Networks, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands, except par values)
(unaudited )
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	September 30,	 	 	December 31,	 	
 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	
ASSETS	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Current assets:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Cash and cash equivalents	 	$	1,349,277	 	 	$	1,596,333	 	
Short-term investments	 	 	272,961	 	 	 	443,910	 	
Accounts receivable, net	 	 	279,530	 	 	 	249,445	 	
Deferred tax assets, net	 	 	149,985	 	 	 	179,989	 	
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	 	 	53,164	 	 	 	52,129	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total current assets	 	 	2,104,917	 	 	 	2,521,806	 	
Property and equipment, net	 	 	389,661	 	 	 	349,930	 	
Long-term investments	 	 	130,101	 	 	 	574,061	 	
Restricted cash	 	 	35,500	 	 	 	45,610	 	
Goodwill	 	 	3,658,602	 	 	 	3,624,652	 	
Purchased intangible assets, net	 	 	99,399	 	 	 	169,202	 	
Long-term deferred tax assets, net	 	 	52,709	 	 	 	51,499	 	
Other long-term assets	 	 	32,913	 	 	 	31,635	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total assets	 	$	6,503,802	 	 	$	7,368,395	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Current liabilities:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Accounts payable	 	$	205,671	 	 	$	179,553	 	
Accrued compensation	 	 	120,251	 	 	 	110,451	 	
Deferred revenue	 	 	383,489	 	 	 	312,253	 	
Debt	 	 	399,764	 	 	 	—	 	
Other accrued liabilities	 	 	123,045	 	 	 	160,360	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total current liabilities	 	 	1,232,220	 	 	 	762,617	 	
Long-term deferred revenue	 	 	69,817	 	 	 	73,326	 	
Other long-term liabilities	 	 	41,992	 	 	 	17,424	 	
Long-term debt	 	 	—	 	 	 	399,944	 	
Commitments and contingencies	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Stockholders’ equity:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Convertible preferred stock, $0.00001 par value; 10,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	
Common stock, $0.00001 par value, 1,000,000 shares authorized; 520,235 shares and 569,234 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, respectively	 	 	5	 	 	 	6	 	
Additional paid-in capital	 	 	8,083,620	 	 	 	7,646,047	 	
Accumulated other comprehensive income	 	 	12,380	 	 	 	1,266	 	
Accumulated deficit	 	 	(2,936,232	)	 	 	(1,532,235	)	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total stockholders’ equity	 	 	5,159,773	 	 	 	6,115,084	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	 	$	6,503,802	 	 	$	7,368,395	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
See accompanying Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
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Juniper Networks, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands)
(unaudited)
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Nine Months Ended September 30,	 	
 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	
Operating Activities:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net income (loss)	 	$	237,926	 	 	$	(1,072,419	)	
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash from operating activities:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Depreciation and amortization	 	 	143,250	 	 	 	129,074	 	
Stock-based compensation	 	 	68,668	 	 	 	69,096	 	
Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets	 	 	—	 	 	 	1,283,421	 	
Gain on minority equity investment	 	 	(6,745	)	 	 	—	 	
Excess tax benefits from employee stock plans	 	 	(15,667	)	 	 	(7,800	)	
Non-cash portion of debt issuance costs and disposal of property and equipment	 	 	1,317	 	 	 	1,122	 	
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Accounts receivable, net	 	 	(20,674	)	 	 	(15,609	)	
Prepaid expenses and other assets	 	 	14,430	 	 	 	27,066	 	
Accounts payable	 	 	19,599	 	 	 	(6,206	)	
Accrued compensation	 	 	9,800	 	 	 	(16,004	)	
Other accrued liabilities	 	 	30,249	 	 	 	36,490	 	
Deferred revenue	 	 	67,727	 	 	 	93,145	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net cash provided by operating activities	 	 	549,880	 	 	 	521,376	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Investing Activities:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Purchases of property and equipment	 	 	(110,952	)	 	 	(69,819	)	
Purchases of available-for-sale investments	 	 	(298,615	)	 	 	(398,327	)	
Maturities and sales of available-for-sale investments	 	 	927,029	 	 	 	450,640	 	
Changes in restricted cash	 	 	(7,407	)	 	 	20,726	 	
Minority equity investments	 	 	(75	)	 	 	(3,090	)	
Payment for business acquisitions	 	 	(375	)	 	 	(15,102	)	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	 	 	509,605	 	 	 	(14,972	)	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Financing Activities:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Proceeds from issuance of common stock	 	 	300,987	 	 	 	87,138	 	
Purchases and subsequent retirement of common stock	 	 	(1,623,195	)	 	 	(186,388	)	
Excess tax benefits from employee stock plans	 	 	15,667	 	 	 	7,800	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net cash used in financing activities	 	 	(1,306,541	)	 	 	(91,450	)	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents	 	 	(247,056	)	 	 	414,954	 	
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	 	 	1,596,333	 	 	 	918,401	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	 	$	1,349,277	 	 	$	1,333,355	 	

Supplemental Disclosure of Non-Cash Investing Activities:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Common stock issued in connection with acquisitions	 	$	14,840	 	 	$	10,343	 	
See accompanying Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
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Juniper Networks, Inc.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Description of Business
Juniper Networks, Inc. (“Juniper Networks” or the “Company”) designs and sells products and services that together provide its customers with Internet Protocol (“IP”) networking solutions. The Company organizes its business groups into the following three reportable segments: Infrastructure, Service Layer Technologies (“SLT”), and Service. The Company’s Infrastructure segment primarily offers scalable router products that are used to control and direct network traffic. The Company’s SLT segment offers networking solutions that meet a broad array of its customers’ priorities, from securing the network and the data on the network, to maximizing existing bandwidth and acceleration of applications across a distributed network. Together, these elements provide secure networking solutions to enable customers to convert networks into more valuable assets that provide differentiation, value and increased reliability and security to end users. The Company’s Service segment delivers world-wide services, including technical support and professional services, as well as a number of education and training programs, to customers of the Infrastructure and SLT segments.
Basis of Presentation
The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information and the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, including normal recurring accruals, considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2007. The information included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” “Risk Factors,” “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” and the Consolidated Financial Statements and footnotes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006.
Revenue Recognition
Juniper Networks sells products and services through its direct sales force and through its strategic distribution relationships and value-added resellers. The Company’s products are integrated with software that is essential to the functionality of the equipment. Additionally, the Company provides unspecified upgrades and enhancements related to the integrated software through maintenance contracts for most of its products. Accordingly, the Company accounts for revenue in accordance with Statement of Position No. 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition , and all related interpretations. The Company recognizes revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery or performance has occurred, the sales price is fixed or determinable and collectibility is reasonably assured. Evidence of an arrangement generally consists of customer purchase orders and, in certain instances, sales contracts or agreements. Shipping terms and related documents, or written evidence of customer acceptance, when applicable, are used to verify delivery or performance. In instances where the Company has outstanding obligations related to product delivery or the final acceptance of the product, system, or solution is specified by the customer, revenue is deferred until all the delivery and acceptance criteria have been met. The Company assesses whether the sales price is fixed or determinable based on payment terms and whether the sales price is subject to refund or adjustment. Collectibility is assessed based on the creditworthiness of the customer as determined by credit checks and the customer’s payment history to the Company. Accounts receivable are recorded net of allowance for doubtful accounts, estimated customer returns and pricing credits.
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For arrangements with multiple elements, such as sales of products that include services, the Company allocates revenue to each element using the residual method based on vendor specific objective evidence of fair value of the undelivered items. Under the residual method, the amount of revenue allocated to delivered elements equals the total arrangement consideration less the aggregate fair value of any undelivered elements. Vendor specific objective evidence of fair value is based on the price charged when the element is sold separately. If vendor specific objective evidence of fair value of one or more undelivered items does not exist, revenue is deferred and recognized at the earlier of (i) delivery of those elements or (ii) when fair value can be established unless maintenance is the only undelivered element, in which case, the entire arrangement fee is recognized ratably over the contractual support period.
For sales to direct end-users and value-added resellers, the Company recognizes product revenue upon transfer of title and risk of loss, which is generally upon shipment. It is the Company’s practice to identify an end-user prior to shipment to a value-added reseller. For end-users and value-added resellers, the Company has no significant obligations for future performance such as rights of return or pricing credits. A portion of the Company’s sales are made through distributors under agreements allowing for pricing credits and/or rights of return. Product revenue on sales made through these distributors is recognized upon sell-through as reported by the distributors to the Company. The Company sells certain interests in accounts receivables as part of a distributor accounts receivable financing arrangement which was established by the Company with a major financing company. Accounts receivables sold under this arrangement in advance of revenue recognition are accounted for as debt financing activity and were immaterial as of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006. Deferred revenue on shipments to distributors reflects the effects of distributor pricing credits and the amount of gross margin expected to be realized upon sell—through. Deferred revenue is recorded net of the related product costs of revenue.
The Company records reductions to revenue for estimated product returns and pricing adjustments, such as rebates and price protection, in the same period that the related revenue is recorded. The amount of these reductions is based on historical sales returns and price protection credits, specific criteria included in rebate agreements, and other factors known at the time.
Shipping charges billed to customers are included in product revenue and the related shipping costs are included in cost of product revenues. Costs associated with cooperative advertising programs are estimated and recorded as a reduction of revenue at the time the related sales are recognized.
Services include maintenance, training and professional services. In addition to providing unspecified upgrades and enhancements on a when and if available basis, the Company’s maintenance contracts include 24-hour technical support, and hardware repair and replacement parts. Maintenance is offered under renewable contracts. Revenue from maintenance contracts is deferred and is generally recognized ratably over the contractual support period, which is generally one to five years. Revenue from training and professional services is recognized as the services are completed or ratably over the contractual period, which is generally one year or less.
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment (“SFAS 123R”), which requires the measurement and recognition of compensation expense for all stock-based payment awards made to employees and directors including employee stock options, restricted stock units (“RSUs”), performance share awards and employee stock purchases under the Company’s Employee Stock Purchase Plan based on estimated fair values. SFAS 123R requires companies to estimate the fair value of stock-based payment awards on the date of grant using an option pricing model. The Company uses the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model to determine the fair value of stock based awards under SFAS 123R. The value of the portion of the award that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as expense over the requisite service periods in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations.
Stock-based compensation expense recognized in the Company’s condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 included compensation expense for stock-based payment awards granted prior to but not yet vested as of the adoption of SFAS 123R, based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the provisions of SFAS 123, and compensation expense for stock-based payment awards granted subsequent to December 31, 2005 based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the
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provisions of SFAS 123R. Compensation expense for expected-to-vest stock-based awards that were granted on or prior to December 31, 2005 was valued under the multiple-option approach and will continue to be amortized using the accelerated attribution method. Subsequent to December 31, 2005, compensation expense for expected-to-vest stock-based awards is valued under the single-option approach and amortized on a straight-line basis, net of estimated forfeitures.
Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets
Goodwill is not subject to amortization but is assessed annually, or as impairment indicators exist, for impairment by applying a fair-value based test. Future goodwill impairment tests could result in a charge to earnings. Purchased intangibles with finite lives are amortized on a straight-line basis over their respective estimated useful lives.
Impairment
The Company evaluates goodwill, at a minimum, on an annual basis and whenever events and changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable.
The Company evaluates long-lived assets held-for-use for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The Company assesses the recoverability of its long-lived and intangible assets by determining whether the unamortized balances can be recovered through undiscounted future net cash flows of the related assets. The amount of impairment, if any, is measured based on projected discounted future net cash flows.
Concentrations
Financial instruments that subject Juniper Networks to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, investments and accounts receivable. Juniper Networks maintains its cash, cash equivalents and available-for-sale investments in fixed income securities with high-quality institutions and only invests in high quality credit instruments. Deposits held with banks may exceed the amount of insurance provided on such deposits. Generally, these deposits may be redeemed upon demand and therefore bear minimal risk.
Generally, credit risk with respect to accounts receivable is diversified due to the number of entities comprising the Company’s customer base and their dispersion across different geographic locations throughout the world. Juniper Networks performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and generally does not require collateral on accounts receivable. Juniper Networks maintains reserves for potential credit losses and historically such losses have been within management’s expectations.
The Company relies on sole suppliers for certain of its components such as application-specific integrated circuits (“ASICs”) and custom sheet metal. Additionally, Juniper Networks relies primarily on a limited number of significant independent contract manufacturers for the production of all of its products. The inability of any supplier or manufacturer to fulfill supply requirements of Juniper Networks could negatively impact future operating results.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In June 2007, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) ratified EITF 07-3, Accounting for Non-Refundable Advance Payments for Goods or Services Received for Use in Future Research and Development Activities (“EITF 07-3”). EITF 07-3 requires that nonrefundable advance payments for goods or services that will be used or rendered for future research and development activities be deferred and capitalized and recognized as an expense as the goods are delivered or the related services are performed. EITF 07-3 is effective, on a prospective basis, for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2007 and will be adopted by the Company in the first quarter of fiscal 2008. The Company is currently evaluating the impact, if any, EITF 07-3 will have on its consolidated results of operations and financial condition.
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities-including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115 (“SFAS 159”). SFAS 159 expands the use of fair value accounting but does not affect existing standards which require assets or liabilities to be carried at fair value.
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The objective of SFAS 159 is to improve financial reporting by providing companies with the opportunity to mitigate volatility in reported earnings caused by measuring related assets and liabilities differently without having to apply complex hedge accounting provisions. Under SFAS 159, an entity may elect to use fair value to measure eligible items including accounts receivable, available-for-sale and held-to-maturity securities, equity method investments, accounts payable, guarantees, and issued debt. SFAS 159 is required to be adopted by the Company in the first quarter of fiscal 2008. The Company currently is assessing the impact, if any, SFAS 159 will have on its consolidated results of operations and financial condition.
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (“SFAS 157”). SFAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework and gives guidance regarding the methods used for measuring fair value, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS 157 is required to be adopted by the Company in the first quarter of fiscal 2008. The Company is currently assessing the impact, if any, that SFAS 157 will have on its consolidated results of operations and financial position.
The Company adopted FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (“FIN 48”), on January 1, 2007. FIN 48 is an interpretation of FASB Statement 109, Accounting for Income Taxes , and it seeks to reduce the diversity in practice associated with certain aspects of measurement and recognition in accounting for income taxes. FIN 48 prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position that an entity takes or expects to take in a tax return. Additionally, FIN 48 provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosures and transition. Under FIN 48, an entity may only recognize or continue to recognize tax positions that meet a “more likely than not” threshold. The Company’s cumulative effect of applying FIN 48 was a $19.0 million increase to the opening balance of accumulated deficit as of January 1, 2007 and a $1.0 million increase to goodwill.
Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications have been made to prior year balances in order to conform to the current year’s presentation.
Note 2. Investments
The following is a summary of the Company’s available-for-sale investments, at fair value (in millions):
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	As of	 	
 	 	September 30,	 	 	December 31,	 	
 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	
Government securities	 	$	131.2	 	 	$	310.9	 	
Corporate debt securities	 	 	224.7	 	 	 	620.9	 	
Asset-backed securities and other	 	 	36.3	 	 	 	85.4	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total fixed income securities	 	 	392.2	 	 	 	1,017.2	 	
Equity investments in publicly traded companies	 	 	10.9	 	 	 	0.8	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total	 	$	403.1	 	 	$	1,018.0	 	

Reported as:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Short-term investments	 	$	273.0	 	 	$	443.9	 	
Long-term investments	 	 	130.1	 	 	 	574.1	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total	 	$	403.1	 	 	$	1,018.0	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Maturities of the Company’s fixed income securities at September 30, 2007 were:
 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	(In Millions)	 	
 	 	 	 	
Due within:	 	 	 	 	
One year	 	$	262.1	 	
Between one and two years	 	 	85.1	 	
After two years	 	 	45.0	 	
 	 	 	 	
Total	 	$	392.2	 	
 	 	 	 	
Actual maturities of the Company’s fixed income securities may vary from the contractual maturities shown above as borrowers may have the right to call or prepay certain of the underlying instruments.
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Note 3. Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets
Goodwill
Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill as of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 are as follows (in millions):
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Balance at	 	 	 	 	 	 	Adjustments	 	 	Escrow and	 	 	Balance at	 	
 	 	December 31,	 	 	 	 	 	 	to Existing	 	 	other	 	 	September 30,	 	
Reportable Segments	 	2006	 	 	Acquisitions	 	 	Goodwill	 	 	additions	 	 	2007	 	
Infrastructure	 	$	971.0	 	 	$	—	 	 	$	—	 	 	$	5.6	 	 	$	976.6	 	
Service Layer Technologies	 	 	1,856.3	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	1.1	 	 	 	22.3	 	 	 	1,879.7	 	
Service	 	 	797.4	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	4.9	 	 	 	802.3	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total	 	$	3,624.7	 	 	$	—	 	 	$	1.1	 	 	$	32.8	 	 	$	3,658.6	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Goodwill increased $33.9 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2007. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, the Company paid $6.6 million and $18.0 million, respectively, upon resolution of acquisition related indemnity issues and the release by the Company of amount held in escrow funds associated with past acquisitions. In addition, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, the Company distributed from an escrow account approximately 26,000 shares and 0.8 million shares of its common stock, with an aggregate fair value of $0.7 million and $14.8 million, respectively, in connection with the resolution of certain indemnity obligations related to a past acquisition.
Juniper Networks conducted its annual impairment test as of November 1, 2006 and determined that the carrying value of its goodwill was not impaired. There were no events or circumstances from that date through September 30, 2007 that would impact this assessment and, therefore, there were no impairment charges recognized for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007.
There was no impairment of goodwill for the three months ended September 30, 2006. In the nine months ended September 30, 2006, the Company concluded that the carrying value of goodwill for the SLT segment was impaired and recorded an impairment charge of $1,280.0 million. The impairment of goodwill was primarily attributable to the decline in the Company’s market capitalization that occurred over the first six months of 2006 and, to a lesser extent, a decrease in the forecasted future cash flows used in the impairment assessment.
The Company allocated the purchase price of acquisitions to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their fair values. The excess purchase price over those fair values is recorded as goodwill. Such amount is then allocated to each reportable segment based upon the underlying business of the acquired companies. When performing the goodwill impairment review for the nine months ended September 30, 2006, the Company determined that it had four reporting units, consisting of the Infrastructure and Service segments, and the Security Product Group (“SPG”) and Application Acceleration Product Group (“APG”). The SPG and APG reporting units comprised the SLT segment. The first step of the impairment review compared the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value, including the goodwill related to the respective reporting units at the time of the impairment. The Company utilized independent external service providers to assist in the determination of the fair value of the reporting units using a combination of the market and income approaches. The income approach requires estimates of expected revenue, gross margin and operating expenses in order to discount the sum of future cash flows using each particular reporting unit’s weighted average cost of capital. The Company’s growth estimates were based on historical data and internal estimates developed as part of its long-term planning process. The Company tested the reasonableness of the inputs and outcomes of its discounted cash flow analysis by comparing these items to available market data. In determining the carrying value of the reporting units, the Company allocated the fair values of shared tangible net assets to each reporting unit based on revenue. As the fair values of the SPG and APG reporting units were lower than the allocated book values, the Company performed step two of the goodwill impairment calculation for those two reporting units within the SLT segment.
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During the second step of the goodwill impairment review, management estimated the fair value of the Company’s tangible and intangible net assets with the assistance of independent external service providers. Identified intangible assets were valued specifically for each reporting unit tested. The difference between the estimated fair value of each reporting unit and the sum of the fair value of the identified net assets results in the residual value of goodwill.
In the first quarter of 2007, certain management changes and organization realignment resulted in the elimination of the separate APG and SPG reporting units within the SLT reportable segment. Accordingly, the goodwill of the APG and SPG reporting units were combined into the SLT reportable segment and the Company’s reporting units and reportable segments are the same for the periods presented.
Future impairment indicators, including declines in the Company’s market capitalization or a decrease in revenue or profitability levels, could require impairment charges to be recorded.
Purchased Intangible Assets
The following is a summary of the Company’s purchased intangibles assets with definite lives (in millions):
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	Accumulated	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Gross	 	 	Amortization	 	 	Net	 	
As of September 30, 2007:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Technologies and patents	 	$	379.6	 	 	$	(307.0	)	 	$	72.6	 	
Other	 	 	68.9	 	 	 	(42.1	)	 	 	26.8	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total	 	$	448.5	 	 	$	(349.1	)	 	$	99.4	 	

As of December 31, 2006:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Technologies and patents	 	$	379.6	 	 	$	(242.6	)	 	$	137.0	 	
Other	 	 	68.9	 	 	 	(36.7	)	 	 	32.2	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total	 	$	448.5	 	 	$	(279.3	)	 	$	169.2	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
There were no additions or impairment to purchased intangible assets during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007. In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006, the Company recorded an impairment charge of nil and $3.4 million, respectively. The impairment charge recognized in 2006 was due to a significant decrease in forecasted cash flows associated with its stand-alone session border control (“SBC”) products.
Amortization expense of purchased intangible assets of $21.6 million and $24.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively, and $69.8 million and $73.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively, were included in operating expenses and cost of product revenues.
The estimated future amortization expense of purchased intangible assets with definite lives for the next five years is as follows (in millions):
 	 	 	 	 	
Year Ending December 31,	 	Amount	 	
2007 (remaining three months)	 	$	21.6	 	
2008	 	 	46.2	 	
2009	 	 	17.9	 	
2010	 	 	4.2	 	
2011	 	 	2.0	 	
Thereafter	 	 	7.5	 	
 	 	 	 	
Total	 	$	99.4	 	
 	 	 	 	
Note 4. Other Financial Information
Restricted Cash
As of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, restricted cash was $35.5 million and $45.6 million, respectively, and consisted of escrow accounts required by certain acquisitions completed in 2005 and the Directors & Officers (“D&O”) trust. Juniper Networks established the D&O trust to secure its indemnification obligations to certain directors and officers arising from their activities in the event that the Company does not provide or is financially incapable of providing indemnification. During the three months ended September 30, 2007, the
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Company increased its D&O trust funding by $10.0 million to $33.3 million to increase coverage as the Company grows. During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, the additional funding for the D&O trust was partially offset by a reduction of $2.8 million in its D&O and escrow balances. In addition, the Company also released $6.6 million and $17.6 million from restricted cash for escrow payments associated with past acquisitions during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively.
In the three months ended September 30, 2006, the Company reduced restricted cash by $2.0 million related to the cash distribution for the partial resolution of certain indemnity obligations for a past acquisition. In the nine months ended September 30, 2006, the Company reduced restricted cash by $20.8 million, of which $5.9 million was related to the removal of deposit requirements for standby letters of credits issued for facility leases, and $15.1 million was related to the cash distributions for the resolution of certain indemnity obligations for past acquisitions.
Minority Equity Investments
As of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, the carrying values of the Company’s minority equity investments in privately held companies of $19.3 million and $20.4 million, respectively, were included in other long-term assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
In June 2007, one of the Company’s minority equity investments completed an initial public offering (“IPO”). Upon completion of the IPO, the Company reclassified the minority equity investment to available-for-sale investments and realized a gain of $6.7 million, based upon the market value at the time of IPO and the Company’s cost basis, during the nine months ended September 30, 2007. Subsequent to the IPO, the Company’s investment in this publicly traded entity is included in available-for-sale investments. Available-for-sale investments are periodically adjusted to fair value through comprehensive income. Realized gains and losses and declines in value judged to be other than temporary for all available-for-sale investments are included in interest and other income in the condensed consolidated statement of operations.
In addition, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, the Company made an additional investment of $0.1 million in one of its minority equity investments.
Other Short-Term Accrued Liabilities
Details of the Company’s other short-term accrued liabilities are as follows (in millions):
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	As of	 	
 	 	September 30,	 	 	December 31,	 	
 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	
Accrued warranty	 	$	36.2	 	 	$	34.8	 	
Income taxes payable	 	 	9.7	 	 	 	38.5	 	
Other accrued liabilities	 	 	77.1	 	 	 	87.1	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total	 	$	123.0	 	 	$	160.4	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Changes in the Company’s warranty reserve are as follows (in millions):
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Three Months Ended September 30,	 	 	Nine Months Ended September 30,	 	
 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	
Beginning balance	 	$	35.7	 	 	$	35.2	 	 	$	34.8	 	 	$	35.3	 	
Provisions made during the period	 	 	10.6	 	 	 	6.8	 	 	 	31.9	 	 	 	27.3	 	
Changes in estimates	 	 	—	 	 	 	(1.5	)	 	 	—	 	 	 	(4.7	)	
Actual costs incurred during the period	 	 	(10.1	)	 	 	(6.4	)	 	 	(30.5	)	 	 	(23.8	)	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Ending balance	 	$	36.2	 	 	$	34.1	 	 	$	36.2	 	 	$	34.1	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Reported as:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Current	 	$	36.2	 	 	$	27.5	 	 	$	36.2	 	 	$	27.5	 	
Non-current	 	 	—	 	 	 	6.6	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	6.6	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Ending balance	 	$	36.2	 	 	$	34.1	 	 	$	36.2	 	 	$	34.1	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
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Other Long-Term Accrued Liabilities
Details of the Company’s other long-term accrued liabilities are as follows (in millions):
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	As of	 	
 	 	September 30,	 	 	December 31,	 	
 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	
Income taxes payable	 	$	24.5	 	 	$	—	 	
Other accrued liabilities	 	 	17.5	 	 	 	17.4	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total	 	$	42.0	 	 	$	17.4	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Restructuring Reserves
The following table summarizes changes in the Company’s restructuring reserves which are included in other accrued liabilities (in millions):
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Remaining	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	Remaining	 	
 	 	Liability as of	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	Liability as of	 	
 	 	December 31,	 	 	Cash	 	 	 	 	 	 	September 30,	 	
 	 	2006	 	 	Payments	 	 	Adjustment	 	 	2007	 	
Restructuring reserves — Facilities	 	$	1.5	 	 	$	(0.7	)	 	$	—	 	 	$	0.8	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Reported as:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Short-term	 	$	0.9	 	 	$	(0.2	)	 	$	—	 	 	$	0.7	 	
Long-term	 	 	0.6	 	 	 	(0.5	)	 	 	—	 	 	 	0.1	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total	 	$	1.5	 	 	$	(0.7	)	 	$	—	 	 	$	0.8	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
All restructuring reserves as of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were associated with future facility charges and will be paid over the remaining respective lease terms through April 2009. The difference between the actual future rent payments and the restructuring reserves will be recorded as operating expenses when incurred.
Acquisition Related Restructuring Reserves
The following table summarizes changes in the Company’s acquisition related restructuring reserves which are included in other accrued liabilities (in millions):
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Remaining	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	Remaining	 	
 	 	Liability as of	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	Liability as of	 	
 	 	December 31,	 	 	Cash	 	 	 	 	 	 	September 30,	 	
 	 	2006	 	 	Payments	 	 	Adjustment	 	 	2007	 	
Facilities	 	$	3.3	 	 	$	(1.4	)	 	$	(0.2	)	 	$	1.7	 	
Other charges	 	 	0.3	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	(0.1	)	 	 	0.2	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total	 	$	3.6	 	 	$	(1.4	)	 	$	(0.3	)	 	$	1.9	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Reported as:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Short-term	 	$	2.1	 	 	$	(0.6	)	 	$	(0.3	)	 	$	1.2	 	
Long-term	 	 	1.5	 	 	 	(0.8	)	 	 	—	 	 	 	0.7	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total	 	$	3.6	 	 	$	(1.4	)	 	$	(0.3	)	 	$	1.9	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
The majority of the acquisition related restructuring reserves as of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were associated with future facility charges and will be paid over the remaining respective lease terms through March 2011. The difference between the actual future rent payments and the restructuring reserves will be recorded as operating expenses when incurred.
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Deferred Revenue
Product deferred revenue, net of the related cost of revenue, includes shipments to end-users, value-add resellers, and distributors. Details of the Company’s net deferred revenue are as follows (in millions):
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	As of	 	
 	 	September 30,	 	 	December 31,	 	
 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	
Product	 	$	121.9	 	 	$	102.8	 	
Service	 	 	331.4	 	 	 	282.8	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total	 	$	453.3	 	 	$	385.6	 	

Reported as:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Current	 	$	383.5	 	 	$	312.3	 	
Non-current	 	 	69.8	 	 	 	73.3	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total	 	$	453.3	 	 	$	385.6	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Accumulated Deficit
The following table summarizes the activity in the Company’s accumulated deficit account (in millions):
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Three Months Ended September 30,	 	 	Nine Months Ended September 30,	 	
 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	
Beginning Balance	 	$	(3,025.1	)	 	$	(1,661.5	)	 	$	(1,532.2	)	 	$	(344.4	)	
Cumulative effect of adoption of FIN 48 (see Note 8)	 	 	3.8	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	(19.2	)	 	 	—	 	
Retirement of common stock (see Note 6)	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	(1,622.7	)	 	 	(186.4	)	
Net income (loss)	 	 	85.1	 	 	 	58.3	 	 	 	237.9	 	 	 	(1,072.4	)	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Ending Balance	 	$	(2,936.2	)	 	$	(1,603.2	)	 	$	(2,936.2	)	 	$	(1,603.2	)	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Stock-Based Compensation Expense
Amortization of stock-based compensation was included in the following cost and expense categories (in millions):
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Three Months Ended September 30,	 	 	Nine Months Ended September 30,	 	
 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	
Cost of revenues — Product	 	$	0.5	 	 	$	0.5	 	 	$	1.5	 	 	$	1.5	 	
Cost of revenues — Service	 	 	1.8	 	 	 	1.6	 	 	 	7.0	 	 	 	4.5	 	
Research and development	 	 	9.2	 	 	 	9.4	 	 	 	28.6	 	 	 	28.8	 	
Sales and marketing	 	 	6.6	 	 	 	8.1	 	 	 	21.9	 	 	 	24.2	 	
General and administrative	 	 	3.1	 	 	 	3.3	 	 	 	9.7	 	 	 	10.1	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total	 	$	21.2	 	 	$	22.9	 	 	$	68.7	 	 	$	69.1	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Other Charges, Net
Other charges recognized consist of the following (in millions):
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Three Months Ended September 30,	 	 	Nine Months Ended September 30,	 	
 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	
Restructuring (adjustments) charges	 	$	(0.1	)	 	$	—	 	 	$	(0.4	)	 	$	0.5	 	
Acquisition related compensation charges	 	 	0.3	 	 	 	1.4	 	 	 	0.9	 	 	 	4.2	 	
Gain on legal settlement, net	 	 	(5.3	)	 	 	—	 	 	 	(5.3	)	 	 	—	 	
Stock option investigation costs	 	 	—	 	 	 	11.4	 	 	 	6.0	 	 	 	13.9	 	
Tax related charges	 	 	—	 	 	 	2.5	 	 	 	8.0	 	 	 	2.5	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total	 	$	(5.1	)	 	$	15.3	 	 	$	9.2	 	 	$	21.1	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
The Company made immaterial adjustments to the restructuring reserve for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively. Acquisition related compensation charges of $0.3 million and $0.9 million were recognized in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, for a bonus accrual payable to
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employees of a past acquisition. The Company recorded a $5.3 million net gain in connection with cash proceeds totaling $6.2 million on legal settlement, net of related transaction costs incurred in the three months ended September 30, 2007 of $0.9 million, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007. Stock option investigation costs were nil and $6.0 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively. In addition, the Company recognized tax related charges of nil and $8.0 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, pertaining to the amendment of certain stock options.
Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Comprehensive income (loss) consists of the following (in millions):
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Three Months Ended September 30,	 	 	Nine Months Ended September 30,	 	
 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	
Net income (loss)	 	$	85.1	 	 	$	58.3	 	 	$	237.9	 	 	$	(1,072.4	)	
Change in net unrealized (losses) gains on investments	 	 	(0.1	)	 	 	6.3	 	 	 	5.6	 	 	 	4.3	 	
Change in foreign currency translation adjustment	 	 	1.8	 	 	 	0.7	 	 	 	5.5	 	 	 	2.6	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total comprehensive income (loss)	 	$	86.8	 	 	$	65.3	 	 	$	249.0	 	 	$	(1,065.5	)	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Derivatives
Derivatives used to mitigate transaction gains and losses generated by certain foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities are carried at fair value with changes recorded in other expenses. Changes in the fair value of these derivatives are largely offset by re-measurement of the underlying assets and liabilities. These foreign exchange forward contracts have maturities between one and two months.
Derivatives used to hedge certain forecasted foreign currency transactions relating to operating expenses are designated as cash flow hedges and have maturities of less than one year. The effective portion of the derivative’s gain or loss is initially reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income and, upon occurrence of the forecasted transaction, is subsequently reclassified into the consolidated statements of operations line item to which the hedged transaction relates. The Company records any ineffectiveness of the hedging instruments, which was immaterial during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively, in interest and other expense in its condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Note 5. Net Income (Loss) per Share
The calculation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per share is summarized as follows (in millions, except per share amounts):
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Three Months Ended September 30,	 	 	Nine Months Ended September 30,	 	
 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	
Numerator:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net income (loss)	 	$	85.1	 	 	$	58.3	 	 	$	237.9	 	 	$	(1,072.4	)	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Denominator:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Denominator for basic net income (loss) per share	 	 	515.7	 	 	 	568.6	 	 	 	543.1	 	 	 	566.9	 	
Common stock equivalents from convertible debt	 	 	19.9	 	 	 	19.9	 	 	 	19.9	 	 	 	—	 	
Common stock equivalents from employee stock awards	 	 	25.8	 	 	 	11.1	 	 	 	19.8	 	 	 	—	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Denominator for diluted net income (loss) per share	 	 	561.4	 	 	 	599.6	 	 	 	582.8	 	 	 	566.9	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net income (loss) per share:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Basic	 	$	0.17	 	 	$	0.10	 	 	$	0.44	 	 	$	(1.89	)	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Diluted	 	$	0.15	 	 	$	0.10	 	 	$	0.41	 	 	$	(1.89	)	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
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For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, approximately 3.4 million and 17.6 million common stock equivalents, respectively, were not included in the computation of diluted net income per share because the effect would have been anti-dilutive. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006, approximately 58.8 million and 85.2 million common stock equivalents, respectively, were not included in the computation of diluted net loss per share because the effect would have been anti-dilutive.
Note 6. Stockholders’ Equity
Stock Repurchase Activities
In July 2006, the Company’s Board approved a new stock repurchase program (“2006 Stock Repurchase Program”) authorizing the Company to repurchase up to $1.0 billion of Juniper Networks’ common stock under this program. In February 2007, the Company’s Board approved an increase of $1.0 billion under this stock repurchase program. Coupled with the prior authorization of $1.0 billion announced in July 2006, the Company is now authorized to repurchase up to a total of $2.0 billion of its common stock under the 2006 Stock Repurchase Program. Purchases under the 2006 Stock Repurchase Program are made from time to time as permitted by securities laws and other legal requirements and are subject to a review of the circumstances in place at the time. During the three months ended September 30, 2007, the Company did not repurchase any common stock. During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, the Company repurchased 69.4 million shares of common stock via open market purchases at an average price of $23.37 per share. The total purchase price of $1,623.2 million was reflected as an increase to accumulated deficit and a decrease to additional paid-in capital for the nine months ended September 30, 2007. Common stock repurchases under the program were recorded based upon the settlement date of the applicable trade for accounting purposes. All common shares repurchased under this program have been retired. The Company has not made subsequent repurchases under this program through the report filing date. As of the filing of this report, the 2006 Stock Repurchase Program has remaining authorized funds of $376.8 million and a total of 69.4 million common shares have been repurchased and retired since the inception of this program, for approximately $1,623.2 million at an average price of $23.37 per share. Additional purchases under this stock repurchase program may be made from time to time and are subject to a review of circumstances in place at the time. This program may be discontinued at any time.
No common shares were repurchased in the three months ended September 30, 2006. In the nine months ended September 30, 2006, the Company repurchased 10.1 million common shares at an average price of $18.51 per share as part of the $250.0 million stock repurchase program approved in July 2004 (“2004 Stock Repurchase Program”). The Company has completed the 2004 Stock Repurchase Program and repurchased a total of 12.9 million common shares since the inception of this program, for approximately $250.0 million at an average price of $19.32 per share. All common shares repurchased under this program have been retired.
Stock Option Plans
2006 Equity Incentive Plan
On May 18, 2006, the Company’s stockholders adopted the 2006 Equity Incentive Plan (“2006 Plan”) to enable the granting of incentive stock options, nonstatutory stock options, RSUs, restricted stock, stock appreciation rights, performance shares, performance units, deferred stock units and dividend equivalents to the employees and consultants of the Company. The 2006 Plan also provides for the automatic, non-discretionary award of nonstatutory stock options to the non-employee members of the Company’s Board (“outside directors”).
The maximum aggregate number of shares authorized under the 2006 Plan is 64,500,000 shares of common stock, plus the addition of any shares subject to outstanding options under the Amended and Restated 1996 Stock Plan (“1996 Plan”) and the 2000 Nonstatutory Stock Option Plan (“2000 Plan”) that subsequently expired unexercised after May 18, 2006 up to a maximum of 75,000,000 additional shares of the common stock. Restricted stock awards, performance share awards or RSUs with a per share or unit purchase price lower than 100% of the market price of the Company’s common stock on the day of the grant are counted against shares authorized under the 2006 Plan as two and one-tenth shares for every one share. In the case of a restricted stock award, the entire number of shares subject to such award would be issued at the time of grant. Such shares could be subject to vesting provisions based on time or other conditions specified by the Board or an authorized committee of the Board. The Company would have the right to repurchase unvested shares subject to a restricted stock award if the grantee’s service to the Company terminated prior to full vesting of the award. Until repurchased, such unvested shares would be considered
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outstanding for dividend, voting and other purposes. No unvested shares were subject to repurchase as of September 30, 2007.
No restricted stock, stock appreciation right, deferred stock unit or dividend equivalent had been issued as of September 30, 2007. Under the 2006 Plan, the Company had issued stock options covering 19.6 million shares of its common stock as well as RSUs and performance shares awards covering 2.9 million shares of its common stock as of September 30, 2007.
Incentive stock options are granted at an exercise price of not less than the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date such option is granted. The exercise price of an incentive stock option granted to a 10% or greater stockholder may not be less than 110% of the fair market value of the common stock on the grant date. Vesting and exercise provisions are determined by the Board, or an authorized committee of the Board. Stock options granted under the 2006 Plan generally vest and become exercisable over a four year period. Restricted stock, performance shares, RSUs or deferred stock units that vest solely based on continuing employment or provision of services will vest in full no earlier than the three year anniversary of the grant date. In the event vesting is based on factors other than continued future provision of services, such awards will vest in full no earlier than the one year anniversary of the grant date. Options granted under the 2006 Plan have a maximum term of seven years from the grant date while incentive stock options granted to a 10% or greater stockholder have a maximum term of five years from the grant date.
The 2006 Plan provides each outside director an automatic grant of an option to purchase 50,000 shares of common stock upon the date on which such individual first becomes an outside director, whether through election by the stockholders of the Company or appointment by the Board to fill a vacancy (the “First Option”). In addition, at each of the Company’s annual stockholder meetings (i) each outside director who was an outside director on the date of the prior year’s annual stockholder meeting shall be automatically granted an option to purchase 20,000 shares of common stock, and (ii) each outside director who was not an outside director on the date of the prior year’s annual stockholder meeting shall receive an option to purchase a pro-rata portion of the 20,000 shares of common stock determined by the time elapsed since the individual’s First Option grant (“the Annual Option”). The First Option vests monthly over approximately three years from the grant date subject to the outside director’s continuous service on the Board. The Annual Option shall vest monthly over approximately one year from the grant date subject to the outsider director’s continuous service on the Board. Under the 2006 Plan, options granted to outside directors have a maximum term of seven years.
Plans Assumed Upon Acquisitions
In connection with past acquisitions, the Company assumed options and restricted stock under the stock plans of the acquired companies. The Company exchanged those options and restricted stock for Juniper Networks’ options and restricted stock and, in the case of the options, authorized the appropriate number of shares of common stock for issuance pursuant to those options. As of September 30, 2007, there were approximately 4.0 million common shares subject to options and no restricted stock outstanding under plans assumed through past acquisitions. There were no restricted stock repurchases during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007.
Equity Award Activity
In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, the Company granted RSUs covering approximately 0.2 million shares and 2.2 million shares, respectively, of common stock to its employees under the 2006 Plan. Such awards generally vest over a period of three or four years from the date of grant. Until vested, RSUs do not have the voting rights of common stock and the shares underlying the RSUs are not considered issued and outstanding. The Company expenses the cost of RSUs, which is determined to be the fair market value of the shares of the Company’s common stock at the date of grant, ratably over the period during which the restrictions lapse. In addition to RSUs, the Company also granted employee stock options covering 2.1 million and 13.0 million shares of common stock under the 2006 Plan during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively. In the first quarter of 2007, the Board also granted performance share awards to eligible executives covering up to a maximum of 0.7 million shares of common stock that vest in 2010 provided certain annual performance targets and other vesting criteria are met. No new performance share awards were granted to the Company’s executives in the three months ended September 30, 2007. The Company accrued stock compensation expense of $0.1 million and
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$0.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, in connection with such performance share awards.
The Company’s equity award activities and related information as of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 is summarized as follows:
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	Outstanding Options	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	Weighted	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	Weighted-	 	 	Average	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Shares	 	 	 	 	 	 	Average	 	 	Remaining	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Available	 	 	Number of	 	 	Exercise	 	 	Contractual	 	 	Aggregate	 	
 	 	For Grant(1)	 	 	Shares(4)	 	 	Price	 	 	Term	 	 	Intrinsic Value(4)	 	
 	 	(In thousands)	 	 	(In thousands)	 	 	(In dollars)	 	 	(In years)	 	 	(In thousands)	 	
Balance at January 1, 2007	 	 	60,542	 	 	 	82,092	 	 	$	18.75	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
RSUs and performance share awards granted(2)	 	 	(4,683	)	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Options granted	 	 	(12,977	)	 	 	12,977	 	 	 	21.48	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
RSUs canceled	 	 	470	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Options canceled (3)	 	 	2,366	 	 	 	(2,508	)	 	 	19.18	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Options exercised	 	 	—	 	 	 	(19,835	)	 	 	15.20	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Options expired(3)	 	 	4,049	 	 	 	(4,147	)	 	 	24.97	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Balance at September 30, 2007	 	 	49,767	 	 	 	68,579	 	 	$	19.91	 	 	 	5.6	 	 	$	1,178,075	 	

			
(1)	 	Shares available for grant under the 2006 Plan.	
 		
(2)	 	RSUs and performance share awards with a per share or unit purchase price lower than 100% of the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the day of the grant under the 2006 Plan are counted against shares authorized under the plan as two and one-tenth shares of common stock for each share subject to such award. The Company granted RSUs and performance share awards covering approximately 0.2 million shares and 2.2 million shares of common stock in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively.	
 		
(3)	 	Canceled or expired options under the 1996 Plan, the 2000 Plan, and the stock plans of previously acquired companies are no longer available for future grant under such plans, except that shares subject to outstanding options under the 1996 Plan and the 2000 Plan that subsequently expired unexercised after May 18, 2006, up to a maximum of 75,000,000 additional shares of common stock, become available for grant under the 2006 Plan.	
 		
(4)	 	Aggregate intrinsic value for options represents the difference between the Company’s closing stock price on the last trading day of the reporting period, which was $36.61 as of September 30, 2007, and the exercise prices of the outstanding awards. In addition to the outstanding options covering 68.6 million shares of common stock, the Company had RSUs and performance share awards covering 5.0 million shares of common stock outstanding as of September 30, 2007, with an aggregate intrinsic value of $182.3 million and a weighted average remaining contractual life of 1.5 years. See discussion under the “Restricted Stock Units and Performance Share Awards Activities” section below.	
A summary of the Company’s vested or expected-to-vest options and exercisable options as of September 30, 2007 is set forth in the following table:
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	Weighted	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	Weighted-	 	Average	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	Average	 	Remaining	 	 	
 	 	Number of	 	Exercise	 	Contractual	 	Aggregate	
 	 	Shares	 	Price	 	Term	 	Intrinsic Value(1)	
 	 	(In thousands)	 	(In dollars)	 	(In years)	 	(In thousands)	
Vested or expected-to-vest options	 	 	63,064	 	 	$	19.92	 	 	 	5.6	 	 	$	1,084,911	 	
Exercisable options	 	 	46,332	 	 	 	19.91	 	 	 	5.3	 	 	 	806,373	 	

(1)	 	Aggregate intrinsic value represents the difference between the Company’s closing stock price on the last trading day of the reporting period, which was $36.61 per share as of September 30, 2007, and the exercise price multiplied by the number of shares subject to the related options.	
As of September 30, 2007, options covering approximately 46 million shares of common stock were exercisable at a weighted average exercise price of $19.91 each. The pre-tax intrinsic value of options exercised, representing the
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difference between the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of the exercise and the exercise price of each option, was $160.6 million and $247.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively.
As of September 30, 2006, options covering approximately 61.9 million shares of common stock were exercisable at a weighted average exercise price of $19.00 each. Aggregate intrinsic value for exercisable options was $223.1 million as of September 30, 2006. The pre-tax intrinsic value of options exercised was $9.2 million and $107.8 million, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006, respectively.
The total fair value of options that vested during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 was $19.7 million and $64.5 million, respectively. As of September 30, 2007, approximately $113 million of net unrecognized stock-based compensation cost related to stock options was expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of three years. Approximately $41 million was estimated to be forfeited prior to the vesting of such awards and has been excluded from the net unrecognized stock-based compensation cost.
Restricted Stock Units and Performance Share Awards Activities
The following schedule summarizes information about the Company’s RSUs and performance share awards as of September 30, 2007:
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	Weighted-	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	Weighted-	 	Average	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	Average	 	Remaining	 	Aggregate	
 	 	 	 	 	 	Exercise	 	Contractual	 	Intrinsic	
 	 	Shares	 	Price	 	Term	 	Value(1)	
 	 	(In thousands)	 	(In dollars)	 	(In years)	 	(In thousands)	
Shares subject to outstanding RSUs and performance share awards	 	 	4,978	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	1.5	 	 	$	182,251	 	
Vested and expected to vest RSUs and performance share awards	 	 	3,602	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	1.4	 	 	 	131,869	 	

(1)	 	Aggregate intrinsic value for RSUs and performance share awards represents the Company’s closing stock price on the last trading day of the reporting period, which was $36.61 per share as of September 30, 2007, multiplied by the number of shares subject to the related RSUs and performance share awards.	
None of the outstanding RSUs or performance share awards were vested or exercisable as of September 30, 2007. The shares subject to these outstanding RSUs and performance share awards have been deducted from the shares available for grant under the 2006 Plan according to its terms. The weighted average grant date fair value of restricted stock units and, if applicable, performance share awards, granted was $32.29 and $19.79 each for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, and was $14.08 and $18.45 each for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006, respectively. As of September 30, 2007, approximately $44 million of net unrecognized compensation cost related to RSUs and performance share awards was expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 2.4 years. Approximately $19 million was estimated to be forfeited prior to the vesting of such awards.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
In April 1999, the Board of Directors approved the adoption of Juniper Networks 1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”). The ESPP permits eligible employees to acquire shares of the Company’s common stock through periodic payroll deductions of up to 10% of base compensation. Each employee may purchase no more than 6,000 shares in any twelve-month period, and in no event may an employee purchase more than $25,000 worth of stock, determined at the fair market value of the shares at the time such option is granted, in one calendar year. The ESPP is implemented in a series of offering periods, each six months in duration, or a shorter period as determined by the Board. The price at which the common stock may be purchased is 85% of the lesser of the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the first trading day of the applicable offering period or on the last trading day of the applicable offering period. On December 16, 2005, the Board amended the ESPP to eliminate the ability of a participant under the ESPP to increase the rate of the participants’ payroll deductions during any offering period (as defined in the ESPP). This change was effective beginning with the offering period commencing on February 1,
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2006. The Company had suspended its employee payroll withholdings for the purchase of its common stock under the ESPP offering period from August 2006 through January 31, 2007. In January 2007, the Board of Directors approved a delay of the start of the next offering period from February 1, 2007 to April 1, 2007 (such offering period ended on July 31, 2007). Pre-tax compensation expense of $2.4 million and $4.8 million was recorded in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, for stock costs associated with the ESPP. No expense was recorded in the first quarter of 2007 due to the temporary suspension of the Plan. As of September 30, 2007, approximately 7.1 million shares had been issued and 10.9 million shares remained available for future issuance under the ESPP.
Valuation of Stock-Based Compensation
SFAS No. 123R requires the use of a valuation model to calculate the fair value of stock-based awards. The Company has elected to use the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model, which incorporates various assumptions including volatility, expected term, and risk-free interest rates. The expected volatility is the weighted average of the historical volatility of the Company’s common stock over the most recent period commensurate with the estimated expected term of the Company’s stock options and the implied volatility of market traded options on the Company’s common stock. The expected term of an award is based on historical experience and on the terms and conditions of the stock awards granted to employees, as well as the potential effect from options that had not been exercised at the time.
In 2006, the Company began granting stock option awards that have a contractual life of seven years from the date of grant. Prior to 2006, stock option awards generally had a ten year contractual life from the date of grant. As a result, the expected term assumption used in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 reflects the shorter contractual life of the new option awards granted during the period.
The assumptions used and the resulting estimates of weighted-average fair value per share of options granted and for employee stock purchases under the ESPP during the periods referenced below are summarized as follows:
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Three Months Ended September 30,	 	Nine Months Ended September 30,	
 	 	2007	 	2006	 	2007	 	2006	
Employee Stock Options:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Dividend yield	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	
Volatility factor	 	 	40	%	 	 	41	%	 	 	39	%	 	 	39	%	
Risk-free interest rate	 	 	4.5	%	 	 	4.9	%	 	 	4.6	%	 	 	4.8	%	
Expected life (years)	 	 	3.5	 	 	 	3.5	 	 	 	3.6	 	 	 	3.5	 	
Weighted-average per share fair value of options granted during the periods	 	$	11.4	 	 	$	5.2	 	 	$	7.5	 	 	$	6.0	 	
 		
Employee Stock Purchase Plan:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Dividend yield	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	
Volatility factor	 	 	37	%	 	 	35	%	 	 	38	%	 	 	33	%	
Risk-free interest rate	 	 	5.0	%	 	 	4.6	%	 	 	5.0	%	 	 	4.2	%	
Expected life (years)	 	 	0.5	 	 	 	0.5	 	 	 	0.4	 	 	 	0.5	 	
Weighted-average fair value of employee stock purchases during the periods	 	$	8.2	 	 	$	4.7	 	 	$	6.5	 	 	$	5.2	 	
Weighted-average per share fair value of RSUs granted during the periods	 	$	32.3	 	 	$	14.1	 	 	$	19.8	 	 	$	18.5	 	
Extension of Stock Option Exercise Periods for Former Employees
The Company could not issue any securities under its registration statements on Form S-8 during the period in which it was not current in its periodic reporting obligations with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. As a result, during parts of 2006 and 2007, options vested and held by certain former employees of the Company could not be exercised until the completion of the Company’s stock option investigation and the Company’s public filings obligations had been met (the “trading black-out period”). Stock options covering approximately 660,000 shares of common stock were scheduled to expire and could not be exercised as a result of the trading black-out period restriction during the first quarter of 2007. The Company extended the expiration date of these stock options to April 7, 2007, the end of a 30—day period subsequent to the Company’s filing of its required regulatory reports. As a result of the extensions, the fair values of such stock
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options had been reclassified to current liabilities subsequent to the modification and were subject to mark-to-market provisions at the end of each reporting period until the earlier of settlement or April 7, 2007. The Company measured the fair value of these stock options using the Black-Scholes-Merton option valuation model and recorded an expense of approximately $4.3 million in the first quarter of 2007. In addition, the Company recorded an expense of $4.4 million in the first quarter of 2007 associated with the approximately 1,446,000 shares covered by such options which had exercise periods extended in 2006 as a result of the trading black-out period restriction. As of September 30, 2007, all of these extended stock options were either exercised or expired un-exercised. All previously recorded liabilities associated with such extensions were reclassified to additional paid-in capital by the second quarter of 2007.
Amendment of Certain Stock Options
In April 2007, the Company completed a tender offer to amend certain options granted under the 1996 Stock Plan and the 2000 Plan that had original exercise prices per share that were less than the fair market value per share of the common stock underlying the option on the option’s grant date, as determined by the Company for financial accounting purposes. Under this tender offer, employees subject to taxation in the United States and Canada had the opportunity to increase their strike price on affected options to the appropriate fair market value per share on the date of grant so as to avoid unfavorable tax consequences under United States Internal Revenue Code Section 409A (“409A issue”) or Canadian tax laws and regulations. In exchange for increasing the strike price of these options, the Company committed to make a cash payment to employees participating in the offer so as to make employees whole for the incremental strike price as compared to their original option exercise price. In connection with this offer, the Company amended options to purchase 4.3 million shares of its common stock and committed to make aggregate cash payments of $7.6 million to offer participants and recorded such amount in operating expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2007.
In addition, the Company entered into separate agreements with two executives in April and May of 2007 to amend their unexercised stock options covering 0.1 million shares of the Company’s common stock in order to cure the 409A issue associated with such stock options. As a result, the Company has committed to make aggregate cash payments of $0.4 million and recorded this payment liability as operating expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2007.
Note 7. Segment Information
The Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) and senior management team (together, “management”) allocate resources and assess performance based on financial information by the Company’s business groups which are categorized into the following three reportable segments: Infrastructure, SLT, and Service. For arrangements with both Infrastructure and SLT products, revenue is attributed to the segment based on the underlying purchase order, contract or sell-through report.
The Infrastructure segment includes products from the E-, M-, T- and MX-series router product families as well as the circuit-to-packet products. The SLT segment consists primarily of Firewall virtual private network (“Firewall”) systems and appliances, secure sockets layer virtual private network (“SSL”) appliances, intrusion detection and prevention appliances (“IDP”), application front end platforms, the J-series router product family and wide area network (“WAN”) optimization platforms. The Service segment delivers world-wide services to customers of the Infrastructure and the SLT segments.
The primary financial measure used by management in assessing performance and allocating resources to the segments is management operating income, which includes certain cost of revenues, research and development expenses, sales and marketing expenses, and general and administrative expenses. Direct costs and operating expenses, such as standard costs, research and development, and product marketing expenses, are generally applied to each reportable segment. Indirect costs, such as manufacturing overhead and other cost of sales, are allocated based on standard costs. Indirect operating expenses, such as sales, marketing, business development, and general and administrative expenses are generally allocated to each reportable segment based on factors including headcount and revenue. The CODM does not allocate stock-based compensation, amortization, impairment, gain or loss on minority equity investments, interest income and expense, other income and expense, income taxes, as well as certain other charges to segments. With management’s organizational alignment initiatives and the ever-evolving
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business environment such as changes in products or markets, acquisitions, long-term growth strategies, and the experience and responsibilities of the senior executives in charge, the Company may periodically reorganize its segments consistent with corresponding changes in its organizational structure.
Financial information for each reportable segment used by management to make financial decisions and allocate resources is summarized as follows (in millions):
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Three Months Ended September 30,	 	 	Nine Months Ended September 30,	 	
 	 	2007	 	 	2006*	 	 	2007	 	 	2006*	 	
Net Revenues:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Infrastructure	 	$	464.7	 	 	$	345.6	 	 	$	1,252.8	 	 	$	1,060.8	 	
Service Layer Technologies	 	 	142.1	 	 	 	121.7	 	 	 	405.4	 	 	 	349.4	 	
Service	 	 	128.2	 	 	 	106.3	 	 	 	368.7	 	 	 	297.6	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total net revenues	 	$	735.0	 	 	$	573.6	 	 	$	2,026.9	 	 	$	1,707.8	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Operating income (loss):	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Management operating income (loss):	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Infrastructure	 	$	139.6	 	 	$	94.2	 	 	$	350.2	 	 	$	322.3	 	
Service Layer Technologies	 	 	(13.6	)	 	 	(1.3	)	 	 	(26.0	)	 	 	(8.6	)	
Service	 	 	28.9	 	 	 	28.9	 	 	 	89.5	 	 	 	77.3	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total management operating income	 	 	154.9	 	 	 	121.8	 	 	 	413.7	 	 	 	391.0	 	
Amortization of purchased intangible assets	 	 	(21.6	)	 	 	(24.4	)	 	 	(69.8	)	 	 	(73.5	)	
Stock-based compensation expense	 	 	(21.2	)	 	 	(22.9	)	 	 	(68.7	)	 	 	(69.1	)	
Stock-based compensation related payroll tax	 	 	(4.4	)	 	 	(0.1	)	 	 	(6.5	)	 	 	(2.6	)	
Impairment of goodwill and intangibles	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	(1,283.4	)	
Restructuring charges in cost of product revenues	 	 	—	 	 	 	(1.4	)	 	 	—	 	 	 	(1.4	)	
Other charges, net	 	 	5.1	 	 	 	(15.3	)	 	 	(9.2	)	 	 	(21.1	)	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total operating income (loss)	 	 	112.8	 	 	 	57.7	 	 	 	259.5	 	 	 	(1,060.1	)	
Interest and other income	 	 	19.6	 	 	 	28.6	 	 	 	80.3	 	 	 	73.3	 	
Interest and other expense	 	 	(1.7	)	 	 	(0.8	)	 	 	(3.9	)	 	 	(2.7	)	
Gain on minority equity investment	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	6.7	 	 	 	—	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Income (loss) before income taxes	 	$	130.7	 	 	$	85.5	 	 	$	342.6	 	 	$	(989.5	)	

			
*	 	Prior year information has been revised to conform to the current period presentation.	
The Company attributes sales to geographic region based on the customer’s ship-to location. The following table shows net revenue by geographic region (in millions):
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Three Months Ended September 30,	 	 	Nine Months Ended September 30,	 	
 	 	2007	 	 	2006*	 	 	2007	 	 	2006*	 	
Americas:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
United States	 	$	306.6	 	 	$	226.3	 	 	$	875.9	 	 	$	706.4	 	
Other	 	 	38.8	 	 	 	19.8	 	 	 	80.1	 	 	 	65.5	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total Americas	 	 	345.4	 	 	 	246.1	 	 	 	956.0	 	 	 	771.9	 	
Europe, Middle East and Africa	 	 	239.1	 	 	 	194.1	 	 	 	646.4	 	 	 	593.1	 	
Asia Pacific	 	 	150.5	 	 	 	133.4	 	 	 	424.5	 	 	 	342.8	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total	 	$	735.0	 	 	$	573.6	 	 	$	2,026.9	 	 	$	1,707.8	 	

			
*	 	Prior year information has been revised to conform to the current period presentation.	
Nokia-Siemens Networks B.V. (“NSN”) and its predecessor companies accounted for approximately 11.5% and 13.5% of the Company’s net revenues for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively. The revenues attributed to this customer were derived from the sale of products and services in all three reportable segments.
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Siemens AG and Ericsson Telekom A.B. individually accounted for approximately 13.3% and 11.1% of the Company’s net revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2006, respectively. Siemens individually accounted for approximately 14.6% of the Company’s net revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2006. The revenue attributed to these customers was derived from the sale of products and services in all three reportable segments.
The Company tracks assets by physical location. The majority of the Company’s assets, including property and equipment, were attributable to its U.S. operations as of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006. Although management reviews asset information on a corporate level, the CODM does not review asset information on a segment basis.
Note 8. Income Taxes
The Company recorded tax provisions of $45.6 million and $27.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, or effective tax rates of 35% and 32%, respectively. The Company recorded tax provisions of $104.7 million and $82.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, or effective tax rates of 31% and -8%, respectively. The effective tax rates for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 are substantially similar to the federal statutory rate. The rates reflect the benefit of income in foreign jurisdictions which are subject to lower rates and research and development credits in the United States. The difference between rates for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 is primarily related to stock option charges which are disallowed in certain jurisdictions. The effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2006 differs from the federal statutory rate primarily due to earnings in foreign jurisdictions which are subject to lower rates. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 differs from the federal statutory rate primarily due to the goodwill impairment charge in 2006, which is non-deductible for income tax purposes. The Company’s income taxes currently payable for federal and state purposes have been reduced by the tax benefit from employee stock option transactions. These benefits totaled $25.9 million and $35.8 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, and were reflected as an increase to additional paid-in capital.
The Company adopted the provisions of FIN 48 on January 1, 2007, the first day of fiscal 2007. The cumulative effect of applying FIN 48 was a $19.0 million increase to the opening balance of accumulated deficit as of January 1, 2007 and a $1.0 million increase to goodwill. Upon adoption, the total amount of gross unrecognized tax benefits was $90.0 million. Included in this balance was approximately $75 million of unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate. The Company is currently under examination by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) for the 2004 tax year. Additionally, the Company has not reached final resolution with the IRS on an adjustment it proposed for the 1999 and 2000 tax years. The Company was not under examination by any other major jurisdictions in which the Company files its income tax returns as of September 30, 2007. It is possible that the amount of the liability for unrecognized tax benefits may change within the next 12 months. However, an estimate of the range of possible change cannot be made at this time.
In accordance with the Company’s accounting policy, it recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of tax expense in the condensed consolidated statement of operations. This policy did not change as a result of the adoption of FIN 48. The Company had accrued interest expense and penalties of $4.1 million within other long-term liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of the date of adoption of FIN 48.
The change in the gross unrecognized tax benefits increased by approximately $11.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007, of which $10.0 million, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate. Interest and penalties accrued for the same period were approximately $2.0 million.
The Company conducts business globally and, as a result, Juniper Networks or one or more of its subsidiaries files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various state and foreign jurisdictions. In the normal course of business the Company is subject to examination by taxing authorities throughout the world, including such major jurisdictions as Ireland, Hong Kong, U.K., France, Germany, The Netherlands, Japan, China, Australia, and the U.S. With few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal, state and local, or non-U.S. income tax examinations for years before 2003, although carryforward attributes that were generated prior to 2003 may still be adjusted upon examination by the IRS if the attributes either have been or will be used in a future period.
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In July 2007, the IRS opened an examination of the Company’s U.S. federal income tax and employment tax returns for the 2004 fiscal year. Subsequent to September 30, 2007, the IRS extended their examination of the Company’s employment tax returns to include fiscal years 2005 and 2006.
The IRS has concluded an audit of the Company’s federal income tax returns for fiscal years 1999 and 2000. During 2004, the Company received a Notice of Proposed Adjustment (“NOPA”) from the IRS. While the final resolution of the issues raised in the NOPA is uncertain, the Company believes it has made adequate provisions in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for any adjustments that the IRS has proposed with respect to these tax returns.
In conjunction with the IRS income tax audit, certain of the Company’s U.S. payroll tax returns were examined for fiscal years 1999 through 2001, and the Company received a second NOPA in the amount of $11.7 million for employment tax assessments primarily related to the timing of tax deposits related to employee stock option exercises. The Company agreed to settle this issue with the IRS through the appeals process and recognized other expense of $0.2 million and $2.5 million, which was included in operating expenses within the condensed consolidated statement of operations, in the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively, related to the settlement. The Company paid the settlement in full in the nine months ended September 30, 2007.
Note 9. Commitments and Contingencies
Commitments
The following table summarizes the Company’s principal contractual obligations as of September 30, 2007 (in millions):
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Total	 	 	2007	 	 	2008	 	 	2009	 	 	2010	 	 	2011	 	 	Thereafter	 	
Operating leases, net of committed subleases	 	$	216.6	 	 	$	12.4	 	 	$	47.6	 	 	$	40.0	 	 	$	36.5	 	 	$	32.6	 	 	$	47.5	 	
Senior notes	 	 	399.8	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	399.8	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	
Purchase commitments	 	 	98.1	 	 	 	98.1	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	
Other contractual obligations	 	 	12.9	 	 	 	2.9	 	 	 	5.0	 	 	 	5.0	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total	 	$	727.4	 	 	$	113.4	 	 	$	452.4	 	 	$	45.0	 	 	$	36.5	 	 	$	32.6	 	 	$	47.5	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Operating Leases
Juniper Networks leases its facilities under operating leases that expire at various times, the longest of which expires in 2016.
Senior Notes
As of September 30, 2007, the Company’s Zero Coupon Convertible Senior Notes (“Senior Notes) had a carrying value of $399.8 million. The Senior Notes are due on June 15, 2008. The Company reclassified its Senior Notes from long-term liabilities to short-term liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheet during the second quarter of 2007 because the Senior Notes are due within the next 12 months.
Credit Facility
In June 2007, the Company entered into a senior secured margin lending agreement with a third party financial institution for a maximum loan value of $400.0 million, or 90% of the fair market value of the underlying collateral, to establish a flexible draw down facility to fund additional stock repurchases, as necessary. This credit facility bore a floating interest rate equal to the three-month USD LIBOR plus 40 basis points per annum and, if utilized, would be secured by the Company’s publicly traded fixed income securities portfolio equivalent to 111% of any outstanding balance. This credit facility was terminated on September 26, 2007 and no amounts were drawn down on the facility.
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Purchase Commitments
The Company does not have firm purchase commitments with its contract manufacturers although it may incur charges for obsolete or unused components purchased by its contract manufacturers. In order to reduce manufacturing lead times and ensure adequate component supply, the contract manufacturers place non-cancelable, non-returnable (“NCNR”) orders, which were valued at $98.1 million as of September 30, 2007, based on the Company’s build forecasts. The Company does not take ownership of the components and the NCNR orders do not represent firm purchase commitments pursuant to Juniper Networks’ agreements with the contract manufacturers. The components are used by the contract manufacturers to build products based on purchase orders the Company has received from its customers or its forecast. The Company may incur a liability for products built by the contract manufacturers if the components go unused for specified periods of time and, in the meantime, the Company may be assessed carrying charges. As of September 30, 2007, the Company had accrued $22.2 million included in other accrued liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheet based on its estimate of such charges.
Other Contractual Obligations
As of September 30, 2007, other contractual obligations consisted primarily of the escrow amount of $2.2 million and bonus accrual of $0.6 million in connection with past acquisitions for indemnity obligations expiring in 2007 and a software subscription requiring payments of $5.0 million in both January 2008 and January 2009.
In addition, as of September 30, 2007, the Company had $24.5 million included in long-term liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheet for unrecognized tax positions. At this time, the Company is unable to make a reasonably reliable estimate of the timing of payments in individual years beyond 12 months due to uncertainties in the timing of tax audit outcomes.
Guarantees
The Company has entered into agreements with some of its customers that contain indemnification provisions relating to potential situations where claims could be alleged that the Company’s products infringe the intellectual property rights of a third party. Other guarantees or indemnification arrangements include guarantees of product performance and standby letters of credits for certain lease facilities. The Company has not recorded a liability related to these guarantee and indemnification provisions and its guarantees and indemnification arrangements have not had any significant impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
Legal Proceedings
The Company is subject to legal claims and litigation arising in the ordinary course of business, such as employment or intellectual property claims, including the matters described below. The outcome of any such matters is currently not determinable. Although the Company does not expect that any such legal claims or litigation will ultimately have a material adverse effect on its consolidated financial position or results of operations, an adverse result in one or more matters could negatively affect the Company’s results in the period in which they occur.
Stock Option Lawsuits
Federal Derivative Lawsuits
Between May 24, 2006 and August 17, 2006, seven purported shareholder derivative actions were filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California against the Company and certain of its current and former officers and directors. The lawsuits allege that the Company’s officers and directors either participated in illegal back-dating of stock option grants or allowed it to happen. On October 19, 2006, the Court ordered the consolidation of these actions as In Re Juniper Derivative Actions , No. 06-03396, and appointed as the lead plaintiffs Timothy Hill, Employer-Teamsters Local Nos. 175 & 505 Pension Trust Fund, and Indiana State District Council of Laborers and HOD Carriers Pension Fund. Lead plaintiffs filed a consolidated complaint on April 11, 2007. The consolidated complaint asserts causes of action for violations of federal securities laws, violations of California securities laws, breaches of fiduciary duty, aiding and abetting breaches of fiduciary duty, abuse of control, corporate waste, breach of contract, unjust enrichment, gross mismanagement, and insider selling and
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misappropriation of information. The consolidated complaint also demands an accounting and rescission of allegedly improper stock option grants. The Company has formed a Special Litigation Committee, consisting of directors Michael Rose and Michael Lawrie, to determine whether it is in the best interests of the Company and its shareholders to pursue any of the claims asserted in the derivative litigation. The Special Litigation Committee is authorized to pursue, settle or release such claims.
State Derivative Lawsuits — California
On May 24, 2006 and June 2, 2006, two purported shareholder derivative actions were filed in the Santa Clara County Superior Court in the State of California against the Company and certain of its current and former officers and directors. These two actions were consolidated as In re Juniper Networks Derivative Litigation, No. 1:06CV064294, by order dated June 20, 2006. An amended consolidated complaint was filed on April 9, 2007. The amended consolidated complaint alleges that certain of the Company’s current and former officers and directors either participated in illegal back-dating of stock options or allowed it to happen. The complaint asserts causes of action for unjust enrichment, breach of fiduciary duties, abuse of control, gross mismanagement, waste of corporate assets, insider selling and misappropriation of information, and violations of California securities laws. Plaintiffs also demand an accounting and rescission of allegedly improper stock options grants, and a constructive trust of proceeds derived from allegedly illicit stock options. The Company has formed a Special Litigation Committee, consisting of directors Michael Rose and Michael Lawrie, to determine whether it is in the best interests of the Company and its shareholders to pursue any of the claims asserted in the derivative litigation. The Special Litigation Committee is authorized to pursue, settle or release such claims.
Federal Securities Class Action
On July 14, 2006 and August 29, 2006, two purported class actions were filed in the Northern District of California against the Company and certain of its current and former officers and directors. On November 20, 2006, the Court consolidated the two actions as In re Juniper Networks, Inc. Securities Litigation, No. C06-04327-JW, and appointed the New York City Pension Funds as lead plaintiffs. The lead plaintiffs filed a Consolidated Class Action Complaint on January 12, 2007, and filed an Amended Consolidated Class Action Complaint on April 9, 2007. The Amended Consolidated Complaint alleges that the defendants violated federal securities laws by manipulating stock option grant dates to coincide with low stock prices and issuing false and misleading statements including, among others, incorrect financial statements due to the improper accounting of stock option grants. The Amended Consolidated Complaint asserts claims for violations of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 on behalf of all persons who purchased or otherwise acquired Juniper Networks’ publicly traded securities from July 12, 2001 through and including August 10, 2006. On June 7, 2007, the defendants filed a motion to dismiss certain of the claims, and a hearing was held on September 10, 2007. The Court has not yet issued a ruling.
Calamore Proxy Statement Action
On March 28, 2007 an action titled Jeanne M. Calamore v. Juniper Networks, Inc., et al., No. C-07-1772-JW, was filed by Jeanne M. Calamore in the Northern District of California against the Company and certain of its current and former officers and directors. The complaint alleges that the proxy statement for the Company’s 2006 Annual Meeting of Stockholders contained various false and misleading statements in that it failed to disclose stock option backdating information. As a result, plaintiff seeks preliminary and permanent injunctive relief with respect to the Company’s 2006 Equity Incentive Plan, including seeking to invalidate the plan and all equity awards granted and grantable thereunder. On May 21, 2007, the Company filed a motion to dismiss and plaintiff filed a motion for preliminary injunction. On July 19, 2007, the Court issued an order denying plaintiff’s motion for a preliminary injunction and dismissing the complaint in its entirety with leave to amend. Plaintiff filed an amended complaint on August 27, 2007, and defendants filed a motion to dismiss on October 9, 2007. The motion is currently scheduled for hearing on December 3, 2007.
Settlement with the Securities and Exchange Commission
On August 28, 2007, the Company announced that the Commissioners of the SEC authorized the settlement between the Company and the SEC regarding the previously disclosed SEC inquiry into its historical stock option granting practices. Without admitting or denying the allegations in the SEC’s complaint, the Company agreed to settle the charges by consenting to a permanent injunction against any future violations of the antifraud, reporting, books-and-
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records and internal control provisions of the federal securities laws. The SEC filed the complaint, SEC v. Juniper Networks, Inc. , Case No. C 07 4430-JW, in the Northern District of California on August 28, 2007. The Company’s consent to entry of final judgment was also filed on August 28, 2007. No monetary penalties were assessed against the Company in conjunction with this settlement. This settlement concludes the SEC’s formal investigation of the Company with respect to the Company’s historical stock option granting practices.
Other Matters
IPO Allocation Case
In December 2001, a class action complaint was filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York against the Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., Credit Suisse First Boston Corporation, FleetBoston Robertson Stephens, Inc., Royal Bank of Canada (Dain Rauscher Wessels), SG Cowen Securities Corporation, UBS Warburg LLC (Warburg Dillon Read LLC), Chase (Hambrecht & Quist LLC), J.P. Morgan Chase & Co., Lehman Brothers, Inc., Salomon Smith Barney, Inc., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Incorporated (collectively, the “Underwriters”), Juniper Networks and certain of Juniper Networks’ officers. This action was brought on behalf of purchasers of the Company’s common stock in its initial public offering in June 1999 and its secondary offering in September 1999.
Specifically, among other things, this complaint alleged that the prospectus pursuant to which shares of common stock were sold in the Company’s initial public offering and the Company’s subsequent secondary offering contained certain false and misleading statements or omissions regarding the practices of the Underwriters with respect to their allocation of shares of common stock in these offerings and their receipt of commissions from customers related to such allocations. Various plaintiffs have filed actions asserting similar allegations concerning the initial public offerings of approximately 300 other issuers. These various cases pending in the Southern District of New York have been coordinated for pretrial proceedings as In re Initial Public Offering Securities Litigation , 21 MC 92. In April 2002, plaintiffs filed a consolidated amended complaint in the action against the Company, alleging violations of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Defendants in the coordinated proceeding filed motions to dismiss. In October 2002, the Company’s officers were dismissed from the case without prejudice pursuant to a stipulation. On February 19, 2003, the court granted in part and denied in part the motion to dismiss, but declined to dismiss the claims against the Company.
In June 2004, a stipulation of settlement and release of claims against the issuer defendants, including the Company, was submitted to the court for approval. On August 31, 2005, the court preliminarily approved the settlement. In December 2006, the appellate court overturned the certification of classes in the six test cases that were selected by the underwriter defendants and plaintiffs in the coordinated proceedings. Because class certification was a condition of the settlement, it was unlikely that the settlement would receive final Court approval. On June 25, 2007, the Court entered an order terminating the proposed settlement based upon a stipulation among the parties to the settlement. Plaintiffs have filed amended master allegations and amended complaints in the six focus cases. It is uncertain whether there will be any revised or future settlement.
16(b) Demand
On October 3, 2007, a purported Juniper Networks shareholder filed a complaint for violation of Section 16(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which prohibits short-swing trading, against the Company’s IPO underwriters. The complaint, Vanessa Simmonds v. The Goldman Sachs Group, et al., Case No. C07-01577, in District Court for the Western District of Washington, seeks the recovery of short-swing profits. The Company named as a nominal defendant. No recovery is sought from the Company in this matter.
Toshiba Patent Infringement Litigation
On November 13, 2003, Toshiba Corporation filed suit in the United States District Court in Delaware against the Company, alleging that certain of the Company’s products infringed several Toshiba patents, and seeking an injunction and unspecified damages. A Markman hearing was held in April 2006, and a ruling favorable to the Company was issued on June 28, 2006. Based on the ruling, Toshiba stipulated to non-infringement of the asserted patents and subsequently appealed the ruling to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. The
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appeal was heard by the Federal Circuit on July 11, 2007, and on September 6, 2007, the court issued a ruling affirming the District Court’s finding of non-infringement. On September 13, 2007, Juniper and Toshiba entered into a written settlement agreement and the case was subsequently dismissed with prejudice upon a joint motion filed by the parties.
IRS Notices of Proposed Adjustments
The IRS has concluded an audit of the Company’s federal income tax returns for fiscal years 1999 and 2000. During 2004, the Company received a Notice of Proposed Adjustment (“NOPA”) from the IRS. While the final resolution of the issues raised in the NOPA is uncertain, the Company does not believe that the outcome of this matter will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations. The Company is also under routine examination by certain state and non-US tax authorities. The Company believes that it has adequately provided for any reasonably foreseeable outcome related to these audits.
In conjunction with the IRS income tax audit, certain of the Company’s US payroll tax returns were examined for fiscal years 1999 — 2001, and the Company received a second NOPA in the amount of $11.7 million for employment tax assessments primarily related to the timing of tax deposits related to employee stock option exercises. The Company agreed to settle this issue with the IRS through the appeals process for approximately $2.7 million, and made the payment in the second quarter of 2007.
In the third quarter of 2007, the IRS opened an examination of the Company’s U.S. federal income tax and employment tax returns for the 2004 fiscal year. Subsequent to September 30, 2007, the IRS extended their examination of the Company’s employment tax returns to include fiscal years 2005 and 2006.
Note 10. Related Party Transactions
The Company reimburses its CEO, Mr. Scott Kriens, for ordinary operating costs relating to his use of a personal aircraft for business purposes up to a maximum amount per year. The Company incurred $0.1 million and $0.2 million in related expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, and $0.2 million and $0.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006, respectively.
Rent and related expenses paid to a related party were $2.0 million and $1.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively, and $4.3 million and $3.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (“Report”), including the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”, contains forward-looking statements regarding future events and the future results of the Company that are based on current expectations, estimates, forecasts, and projections about the industry in which the Company operates and the beliefs and assumptions of the management of the Company. Words such as ‘expects,’ ‘anticipates,’ ‘targets,’ ‘goals,’ ‘projects,’ ‘intends,’ ‘plans,’ ‘believes,’ ‘seeks,’ ‘estimates,’ variations of such words, and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are only predictions and are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Therefore, actual results may differ materially and adversely from those expressed in any forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed in this Report under the section entitled “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of Part II and elsewhere, and in other reports the Company files with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), specifically the most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K. The Company undertakes no obligation to revise or update publicly any forward-looking statements for any reason.
The following discussion is based upon our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this report, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingencies. In the course of operating our business, we routinely make decisions as to the timing of the payment of invoices, the collection of receivables, the manufacturing and shipment of products, the fulfillment of orders, and the purchase of supplies, and the building of manufactured goods, among other matters. Each of these decisions has some impact on the financial results for any given period. In making these decisions, we consider various factors including contractual obligations, customer satisfaction, competition, internal and external financial targets and expectations, and financial planning objectives. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to sales returns, pricing credits, warranty costs, allowance for doubtful accounts, impairment of long-term assets, especially goodwill and intangible assets, contract manufacturer exposures for carrying and obsolete material charges, assumptions used in the valuation of stock-based compensation, and litigation. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
Overview of the Results of Operations
Executive Overview
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations is designed to aid readers of our financial statements in understanding our operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006. We have provided a brief executive overview of our performance relative to certain key financial metrics as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006. This executive overview should be read in conjunction with the more detailed discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations in this Item 2, our “Risk Factors” section included in Item 1A of Part II, and our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes included in Item 1 of Part I of this quarterly report.

 	•	 	Net Revenues: Our net revenues for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 increased 28% and 19%, respectively, from the same periods in 2006. Net revenues increased in each of our three reportable segments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, compared to the same periods in 2006, due to increased demand for router, security and application performance products as well as services related to those products. We saw net revenue growth in our Infrastructure segment revenues primarily from our T-Series and M-Series routers, and to a lesser extent from the recently introduced MX960 routers. Our SLT segment revenues also increased primarily from growth in our Firewall virtual private network (“Firewall”) products, and to a lesser extent increases in J-Series, Secure Socket Layer virtual private network (“SSL”), DX and WX products in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, compared to the same periods last year. Our Service segment revenues increased in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007,	
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 	 	 	compared to the same periods last year, primarily due to the increase in our installed base of equipment under service contracts, and to a lesser extent growth in professional service revenue.	
 		
 	•	 	Gross Margin: Gross margin increased to 68.4% and 67.2% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, compared to 66.8% and 67.0% for the same periods in 2006. The improvement in gross margins is primarily due to favorable product mix of higher margin products relative to lower margin products, and to a lesser extent lower manufacturing costs achieved through production in lower cost regions.	
 		
 	•	 	Operating Margin: Our operating margin increased to 15% and 13% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, compared to 10% and -62% for the comparable periods in 2006. The increase in operating margin in the three months ended September 30, 2007, compared to same period in 2006, was primarily attributable to the increase in gross margin and to a lesser extent decreases in operating expenses as a percentage of revenue. The decreases in operating expenses as a percentage of revenues were primarily due to decreases in other charges associated with stock option investigation partially offset by increases in research and development expenses in the three months ended September 30, 2007, compared to the same period in 2006. The decreases in operating expenses in the nine months ended September 30, 2007, compared to the same period in 2006, were substantially due to the goodwill impairment of $1,280.0 million in 2006.	
 		
 	•	 	Net Income (Loss) Per Share: Our diluted net income per share improved to $0.15 and $0.41 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, compared to a diluted net income per share of $0.10 and a diluted net loss per share of $1.89 for the comparable periods in 2006. Net income per share improved in the three months ended September 30, 2007, compared to the same period in 2006, primarily due to increases in gross margins and decreases in stock option investigation expense. For the nine months ended September 30, 2007, the increases in diluted net income per share compared to the same period in 2006 were substantially due to our goodwill impairment of $1,280.0 million in 2006. Common stock equivalents used in the calculation of the diluted net income per share decreased in the three months ended September 30, 2007, compared to the same 2006 period, primarily due to the stock repurchases, partially offset by the dilutive impact of outstanding stock options caused by a higher stock price. In the nine months ended September 30, 2006, common stock equivalents used in the calculation of the diluted net loss per share did not include the impact of outstanding stock options due to the net loss in the period.	
 		
 	•	 	Other Financial Highlights: We used $1,623.2 million to repurchase shares of our common stock in the nine months ended September 30, 2007. Cash used in our stock repurchases was partially offset by cash flows from operating activities, investing activities and employee stock option exercises of $549.9 million, $509.6 million, and $301.0 million, respectively. As a result, our cash and cash equivalents decreased by $247.1 million or 15% in the nine months ended September 30, 2007. Cash generated from operations increased $28.5 million, compared to the comparable nine month period in 2006, primarily due to net income growth. DSO improved to 34 days as of September 30, 2007, as compared to 38 days as of December 31, 2006, primarily as a result of improved shipment linearity. Deferred revenue increased to $453.3 million as of September 30, 2007, as compared to $385.6 million as of December 31, 2006, due to increases in the amount of both product and service revenues deferrals.	
Business Overview
We design and sell hardware and software products and services that together provide our customers with secure and assured Internet Protocol (“IP”) networking solutions. Our purpose-built, high performance IP platforms enable customers to support many different networking and security services and applications at scale. Our customers include suppliers of telecommunication network content such as voice and video services as well as data transfer services through wireless and wireline applications, enterprises, governments, and research and education institutions worldwide rely on us to deliver products for building networks that are tailored to the specific needs of their users, services and applications. Our portfolio of networking and security solutions supports the complex scale, security and performance requirements of many of the world’s most demanding networks. We sell our products and services through our direct sales organization, value-added resellers and distributors. We categorize users of our
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products and services as being in one of two markets: service provider and enterprise. Service providers include wireline, wireless, and cable operators as well as major internet content providers. Enterprise customers includes businesses, governments, and research and education institutions. Our operations are organized into the following three reportable segments:

 	•	 	Infrastructure: Our Infrastructure segment primarily offers a scalable routing portfolio that are used to control and direct network traffic. Control has growing importance due to the increasing size and complexity of IP networks at a time when service providers are looking to differentiate their organizations through value-added service offerings. These products supply the intelligence service providers need to help ensure a high quality user experience for multi-play and mobile services. Customers continued to demand scalable and reliable policy control solutions which we provide through our IP infrastructure solutions.	
 		
 	•	 	Service Layer Technologies (“SLT”): Our SLT segment offers solutions that meet a broad array of our customer’s critical information management needs. Our products help to enable customers in protecting their information network, protecting data on the network, maximizing existing bandwidth and accelerating applications across a distributed network. Our secure networking solutions empower customers to convert commoditized, best effort networks, into market differentiated, value-added services with increased reliability and security to end users.	
 		
 	•	 	Service: Our Service segment delivers world-wide technical support, professional services and education to customers of the Infrastructure and SLT segments.	
For the three months ended September 30, 2007, Infrastructure, SLT and Service represented 63%, 20% and 17% of the total net revenues, respectively.
Stock Repurchase Activity
During the three months ended September 30, 2007, we did not repurchase any shares under our common stock repurchase program approved by our Board in July 2006 and February 2007 (the “2006 Stock Repurchase Program”). In the nine months ended September 30, 2007, we repurchased and retired 69.4 million common shares, at an average price of $23.37 per share for a total of $1,623.2 million as part of this program. We have not made share repurchases under this program subsequent to September 30, 2007 through the date of this report. As of the filing of this report, our 2006 Stock Repurchase Program had a remaining authorization of $376.8 million.
Stock Option Investigation and Amendment of Certain Stock Options
In the first quarter of 2007, we completed the restatement of our historical financial statements as a result of our independent stock option investigation and review of historical stock compensation practices. In addition, we regained compliance with listing standards of the NASDAQ Global Select Market. We recorded nil and $6.0 million in operating expense during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, in connection with this stock option investigation. We recorded expenses of $11.4 million and $13.9 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006, respectively, in connection with the same investigation.
In April 2007, we completed a tender offer to amend certain options granted under the Juniper Networks, Inc. Amended & Restated 1996 Stock Plan and the Juniper Networks, Inc. 2000 Nonstatutory Stock Option Plan that had original exercise prices per share that were less than the fair market value per share of the common stock underlying the option on the option’s grant date, as determined by us for financial accounting purposes. Under this tender offer, employees subject to taxation in the United States and Canada had the opportunity to increase their strike price on affected options to the appropriate fair market value per share on the date of grant so as to avoid unfavorable tax consequences under United States Internal Revenue Code Section 409A (“409A issue”) or Canadian tax laws and regulations. In exchange for increasing the strike price of these options, we committed to make a cash payment to employees participating in the offer so as to make employees whole for the incremental strike price as compared to their original option exercise price. In connection with the offer, we amended options to purchase 4.3 million shares of our common stock and committed to make aggregate cash payments of $7.6 million to offer participants. There were no expenses incurred in the three months ended September 30, 2007 in connection with this tender offer. We accrued this aggregate payment liability and recognized an operating expense for the corresponding amount during the first nine months of 2007.
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Settlement with the Securities and Exchange Commission
On August 28, 2007, we announced that the Commissioners of the SEC authorized the settlement between us and the SEC regarding the previously disclosed SEC inquiry into our historical stock option granting practices. Without admitting or denying the allegations in the SEC’s complaint, we agreed to settle the charges by consenting to a permanent injunction against any future violations of the antifraud, reporting, books-and-records and internal control provisions of the federal securities laws. No monetary penalties were assessed against us in conjunction with this settlement. This settlement concludes the SEC’s formal investigation of the company with respect to our historical stock option granting practices.
Adoption of FIN 48
We adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes , (“FIN 48”) on January 1, 2007, the first day of fiscal 2007. Under FIN 48, an entity may only recognize or continue to recognize tax positions that meet a “more likely than not” threshold. The cumulative effect of applying FIN 48 was a $19.0 million increase to the opening balance of accumulated deficit as of January 1, 2007 and a $1.0 million increase to goodwill.
Backlog
Our sales are made primarily pursuant to standard purchase orders for delivery of products or services or purchase orders under framework agreements with our customers. At any given time, we have orders for products that have not been shipped and for services that have not yet been performed for various reasons. Because we believe industry practice would allow customers to cancel or change orders with limited advance notice prior to shipment or performance, as well as our history of allowing such changes and cancellations, we do not consider this backlog to be firm.
Our Book-to-Bill ratio was above one for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006.
Nature of Expenses
The majority of our manufacturing, repair and supply chain operations are outsourced to independent contract manufacturers and outside service providers. Accordingly, our costs of product revenues consist of payments to our independent contract manufacturers for the standard costs of our products and to a lesser extent manufacturing overhead costs. Manufacturing overhead costs include employee-related expenses and costs for outside services including payments to contract manufacturers for warranty repairs, as well as other expenses such as allocation charges. Independent contract manufacturers build our products using design specifications, quality assurance programs and standards that we establish. Key controls around manufacturing, engineering and documentation are conducted primarily at our facilities in Sunnyvale, California and Westford, Massachusetts. Our independent contract manufacturers have facilities primarily in Canada, China, Malaysia and the United States. We generally do not own inventory as title to finished goods transfers from the contract manufacturers to us and immediately to our customers upon shipment.
The contract manufacturers procure components based on our build forecasts. If actual component usage is lower than our forecasts, we may be and have been in the past, liable for carrying or obsolete material charges. We record reserves for these charges within our financial statements.
Cost of service revenues includes employee-related expenses, service spares expense, outside service expense, equipment expenses as well as allocated expenses such as facility and overhead charges.
Employee related costs have historically been the primary driver of our operating expenses, and we expect this trend to continue. These costs include items such as wages, stock-based compensation, commissions, bonuses, vacation, benefits, and travel. We increased our headcount to 5,661 employees as of September 30, 2007 from 4,613 employees as of September 30, 2006 primarily due to increases in research and development, sales and customer
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service activities. Our headcount is expected to increase through the remainder of 2007 as we continue to expand these areas.
In addition to the direct functional expense for cost of revenues, research and development, sales and marketing as well as general and administrative activities, we also allocate facility, information technology and employee benefits costs to departments based on headcount. These costs have increased in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, compared to the same periods in 2006, due to increases in headcount and facility costs. Facility related headcount increased from 24 as of September 30, 2006 to 34 as of September 30, 2007. Information technology related headcount increased from 147 as of September 30, 2006 to 189 as of September 30, 2007.
We expanded our domestic and international operations as well as increased internal system development to support our growth. We made capital additions of $35.9 million and $111.0 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, compared to $26.4 million and $69.8 million in the same periods in 2006. The increases were primarily due to the continued investments in our global infrastructure. We expect our capital spending as a percentage of total net revenues to remain consistent in the fourth quarter of 2007.
Research and development expenses consist of costs of developing our products including employee related costs, outside services and equipment expenses, as well as allocated expenses for facility, information technology and employee benefit costs. The timing of equipment purchases for the development of new components and building prototype equipment can cause quarterly variability in our expenses. Outside service costs include items such as certifications of new products and expenditures associated with testing. We expense our research and development costs as they are incurred.
Sales and marketing expenses consist of costs for developing customer relationships and promoting our products, including employee related costs, outside services, demonstration equipment and allocated expenses for facility, information technology and employee benefit costs. These costs vary quarter-to-quarter depending on revenues, product launches and marketing initiatives.
General and administrative expenses include the cost to support our operations including employee related costs, professional fees, bad debt provisions, as well as allocated expenses for facility, information technology and employee benefit costs. Professional fees include accounting, audit, legal, tax and certain corporate strategic activities including planning and leadership development.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements as well as revenue and expenses in the reporting period. We regularly evaluate our estimates and assumptions. We base our estimates and assumptions on current facts and historical experience that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Our actual results may differ materially and adversely from our estimates. To the extent there are material differences between our estimates and the actual results, our future operating results will be affected.
We believe the following critical accounting policies require us to make significant judgments and estimates in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements:

 	•	 	Revenue Recognition ;	
 		
 	•	 	Allowance for Doubtful Accounts ;	
 		
 	•	 	Purchase Commitments ;	
 		
 	•	 	Warranty Reserve ;	
 		
 	•	 	Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets;	
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 	•	 	Stock-Based Compensation ;	
 		
 	•	 	Income Taxes ;	
 		
 	•	 	Litigation and Settlement Costs ; and	
 		
 	•	 	Loss Contingencies .	
We adopted FIN 48 on January 1, 2007, the first day of fiscal 2007. FIN 48 is an interpretation of FASB Statement 109, Accounting for Income Taxes, and it seeks to reduce the diversity in practice associated with certain aspects of measurement and recognition in accounting for income taxes. FIN 48 prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position that an entity takes or expects to take in a tax return. Additionally, FIN 48 provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosures, and transition. Under FIN 48, an entity may only recognize or continue to recognize tax positions that meet a “more likely than not” threshold. In accordance with our accounting policy, we recognize accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of tax expense. This policy did not change as a result of our adoption of FIN 48.
Management believes that there have been no other significant changes during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 to the items that we disclosed as our critical accounting policies and estimates in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 1 to the Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements in Item 1 of Part I for a full description of recent accounting pronouncements, including the expected dates of adoption and estimated effects on results of operations and financial condition, which is incorporated herein by reference.
Results of Operations
Net Revenues
The following table shows product and service revenues (dollars in millions):
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Three Months Ended September 30,	 	 	Nine Months Ended September 30,	 	
 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	 	$ Change	 	 	% Change	 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	 	$ Change	 	 	% Change	 	
Net revenues:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Product	 	$	606.8	 	 	$	467.3	 	 	$	139.5	 	 	 	30	%	 	$	1,658.2	 	 	$	1,410.2	 	 	$	248.0	 	 	 	18	%	
Percentage of net revenues	 	 	83	%	 	 	81	%	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	82	%	 	 	83	%	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Service	 	 	128.2	 	 	 	106.3	 	 	 	21.9	 	 	 	21	%	 	 	368.7	 	 	 	297.6	 	 	 	71.1	 	 	 	24	%	
Percentage of net revenues	 	 	17	%	 	 	19	%	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	18	%	 	 	17	%	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total net revenues	 	$	735.0	 	 	$	573.6	 	 	$	161.4	 	 	 	28	%	 	$	2,026.9	 	 	$	1,707.8	 	 	$	319.1	 	 	 	19	%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net revenues increased $161.4 million and $319.1 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2006. This increase was primarily due to the strong demand for Infrastructure segment products and services by our service provider customers and to a lesser extent sales of SLT segment and Infrastructure segment products and services to our enterprise customers.
Net revenues of Infrastructure segment as well as SLT segment products sold to the service provider market increased for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, as compared to the same periods of 2006. We experienced increases in Infrastructure product revenue from the service provider market primarily due to the strong worldwide demand for our router products. We experienced the benefit of our customers’ movement towards Next Generation Networks (“NGN”) as they seek simplified, scalable network infrastructures across fiber, cable and mobile access technologies to support increasing performance demands on their networks. We were also able to
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grow SLT segment revenue from the service provider market primarily due to sales of Firewall and other security products.
Net revenues of SLT segment as well as Infrastructure segment products sold to the enterprise market increased for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, as compared to the same periods of 2006. The increases in SLT segment revenue in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, compared to the same periods in 2006, were primarily due to revenue growth from Firewall products, and to a lesser extent the J-Series, SSL, DX and WX products.
Net service revenues increased $21.9 million and $71.1 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2006. This growth was primarily due to the increase in our installed base of equipment under support service contracts, and to a lesser extent increases in professional service revenue. Installed base is the number of systems that our customers have under support service contracts. We generated 89% of our net service revenues for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 from support service contracts. We earned the remainder of service revenues from professional and education services. The increase in the installed base of equipment under support service contracts in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, as compared to the same periods of 2006, was primarily attributable to increased renewals and contracts related to new product sales. Professional service revenue increased for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, compared to the comparable 2006 periods, primarily due to the revenue growth from engineering engagements.
Nokia-Siemens Networks B.V. (“NSN”) and its predecessor companies contributed more than 10% of total net revenues in the three months ended September 30, 2007. NSN also accounted for greater than 10% of our total net revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2007. The revenue from NSN was derived from all three reportable segments.
Siemens AG and Ericsson Telekom A.B. each accounted for greater than 10% of our total net revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2006. Siemens accounted for greater than 10% of our total net revenues in the nine months ended September 30, 2006. The revenue attributed to these customers was derived from all three reportable segments.
Total Net Revenues by Geographical Region
The following table shows total net revenues by geographical region (dollars in millions):
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Three Months Ended September 30,	 	 	Nine months Ended September 30,	 	
 	 	2007	 	 	2006*	 	 	$ Change	 	 	% Change	 	 	2007	 	 	2006*	 	 	$ Change	 	 	% Change	 	
Americas:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
United States	 	$	306.6	 	 	$	226.3	 	 	$	80.3	 	 	 	35	%	 	$	875.9	 	 	$	706.4	 	 	$	169.5	 	 	 	24	%	
Other	 	 	38.8	 	 	 	19.8	 	 	 	19.0	 	 	 	96	%	 	 	80.1	 	 	 	65.5	 	 	 	14.6	 	 	 	22	%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total Americas	 	 	345.4	 	 	 	246.1	 	 	 	99.3	 	 	 	40	%	 	 	956.0	 	 	 	771.9	 	 	 	184.1	 	 	 	24	%	
Percentage of net revenues	 	 	47	%	 	 	43	%	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	47	%	 	 	45	%	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Europe, Middle East and Africa	 	 	239.1	 	 	 	194.1	 	 	 	45.0	 	 	 	23	%	 	 	646.4	 	 	 	593.1	 	 	 	53.3	 	 	 	9	%	
Percentage of net revenue	 	 	33	%	 	 	34	%	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	32	%	 	 	35	%	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Asia Pacific	 	 	150.5	 	 	 	133.4	 	 	 	17.1	 	 	 	13	%	 	 	424.5	 	 	 	342.8	 	 	 	81.7	 	 	 	24	%	
Percentage of net revenues :	 	 	20	%	 	 	23	%	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	21	%	 	 	20	%	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total	 	$	735.0	 	 	$	573.6	 	 	$	161.4	 	 	 	28	%	 	$	2,026.9	 	 	$	1,707.8	 	 	$	319.1	 	 	 	19	%	

			
*	 	Prior year information has been revised to conform to the current period presentation.	
Net revenues in the Americas region as a percentage of total net revenues increased in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, compared to the same periods in 2006. Net revenues in the Americas region grew by $99.3 million and $184.1 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, primarily attributable to the revenue increases in the United States and, to a lesser extent, in Latin America. These increases were primarily due to strong sales to service provider, content provider and cable provider customers in the United States and the federal government, as well as sales to large enterprises.
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Net revenues from the EMEA region as a percentage of total net revenues decreased during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, compared to the same 2006 periods, due to the revenue growth in the Americas region outpacing revenue growth in EMEA. Our EMEA net revenues grew by $45.0 million in the three months ended September 30, 2007, compared to the same period in 2006, due to strength in a broad range of countries including Belgium, Ireland, and the United Kingdom, partially offset by declines in the Netherlands and Germany. Our EMEA net revenues increase of $53.3 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2007, compared to the same period in 2006, was mainly due to revenue increases in countries throughout the region, partially offset by the decrease in the Netherlands. The increases in the three months ended September 30, 2007 were primarily due to sales of Infrastructure products and strength in sales of SLT products to enterprises, particularly in the financial services market.
Net revenues from the APAC region as a percentage of total net revenues also decreased during the three months ended September 30, 2007 and increased for the nine months ended September 30, 2007, compared to the same 2006 periods. Our APAC revenue grew by $17.1 million and $81.7 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2006. Net revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2007 increased in Korea, Malaysia and India as compared to the same period in 2006. We experienced strong sales in Korea, Australia and China for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 as the service provider customers in these countries built their networks using our M-Series and T-Series products. The increases were primarily due to strength in sales of SLT products and Infrastructure products.
Cost of Revenues
The following table shows cost of product and service revenues and the related gross margin (“GM”) percentages (in millions, except percentages):
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Three Months Ended September 30,	 	 	Nine months Ended September 30,	 	
 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	 	$ Change	 	 	% Change	 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	 	$ Change	 	 	% Change	 	
Cost of revenues:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Product	 	$	168.1	 	 	$	140.8	 	 	$	27.3	 	 	 	19	%	 	$	482.9	 	 	$	421.2	 	 	$	61.7	 	 	 	15	%	
GM percentage of revenue	 	 	72.3	%	 	 	69.9	%	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	70.9	%	 	 	70.1	%	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Service	 	 	64.2	 	 	 	49.4	 	 	 	14.8	 	 	 	30	%	 	 	182.2	 	 	 	142.8	 	 	 	39.4	 	 	 	28	%	
GM percentage of revenue	 	 	50.0	%	 	 	53.5	%	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	50.6	%	 	 	52.0	%	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total cost of revenues	 	$	232.3	 	 	$	190.2	 	 	$	42.1	 	 	 	22	%	 	$	665.1	 	 	$	564.0	 	 	$	101.1	 	 	 	18	%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
GM percentage of revenue	 	 	68.4	%	 	 	66.8	%	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	67.2	%	 	 	67.0	%	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Our cost of product revenues increased $27.3 million and $61.7 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2006. The increases in cost of product revenues were primarily driven by revenue increases. However, the increases were at a slower rate than revenue increases of the corresponding periods mainly due to favorable product mix and, to a lesser extent improvements in standard costs. Standard costs as a percentage of product revenue decreased as we purchased more products from contract manufacturers and suppliers in lower cost regions. These improved standard costs were partially offset by higher manufacturing overhead due to increases in headcount needed to manage additional contract manufacturers and new product offerings in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007. As of September 30, 2007 and 2006, we employed 181 and 146 people, respectively, in our manufacturing and operations organization. These personnel manage relationships with our contract manufacturers, manage our supply chain, and monitor product testing and quality.
Product gross margin percentages improved to 72.3% and 70.9% in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, compared to 69.9% and 70.1% for the comparable periods in 2006. We experienced a favorable product mix and derived a higher portion of revenues from richly configured M-Series and T-Series router products. The increases in chassis units and ports shipped were driven by bandwidth demand as customers are seeking to expand capabilities in their networks. Product gross margins tend to fluctuate due to changes in the mix of products sold. Our gross margins may be impacted as we introduce new products and manage production costs among multiple contract manufacturers. Additionally, we will continue to seek reductions in our production costs as we enter into new markets, including markets with different pricing structures and cost structures. Our margins are impacted by changes in distribution channels and price competition as well as changes in the geographic mix of our sales. Sales
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discounts, warranty costs, changes in shipment volume, loss of cost savings due to changes in component pricing also impact gross margins. These factors, combined with how well we execute on our strategy and operating plans, may lead to margin variability.
Cost of service revenues increased $14.8 million and $39.4 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2006. Service gross margin decreased to 50.0% and 50.6% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, compared to 53.5% and 52.0% for the same 2006 periods. The increase in costs of services revenue and decrease in service gross margins were primarily due to increased employee related expenses driven by additional headcount in supporting the growth in our service business. We continued to focus on expanding our service offerings, improving customer satisfaction as well as growing our installed base of customers. Personnel related expenses, consisting primarily of salaries, wages, bonuses and fringe benefits, increased $8.1 million and $26.8 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, compared to the same 2006 periods. Service related headcount increased from 560 at September 30, 2006 to 718 at September 30, 2007. Additionally, we increased our outsourced support services by $0.5 million and $3.5 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, compared to the prior year periods. These cost increases for the nine month period ended September 30, 2007 were partially offset by a decrease in our service spares expense of $4.3 million in the same period. Additionally our facilities and information technology allocations to our customer service organization increased by $3.1 million and $7.1 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively.
Operating Expenses and Operating Income (Loss)
The table below highlights our operating expenses and operating income (loss) for the indicated periods (dollars in millions):
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Three Months Ended September 30,	 	 	Nine Months Ended September 30,	 	
 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	 	$ Change	 	 	% Change	 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	 	$ Change	 	 	% Change	 	
Research and development	 	$	167.9	 	 	$	123.4	 	 	$	44.5	 	 	 	36	%	 	$	457.7	 	 	$	353.3	 	 	$	104.4	 	 	 	30	%	
Sales and marketing	 	 	177.8	 	 	 	139.4	 	 	 	38.4	 	 	 	28	%	 	 	485.3	 	 	 	404.8	 	 	 	80.5	 	 	 	20	%	
General and administrative	 	 	29.2	 	 	 	24.5	 	 	 	4.7	 	 	 	19	%	 	 	84.4	 	 	 	71.8	 	 	 	12.6	 	 	 	18	%	
Amortization of purchased intangible assets	 	 	20.2	 	 	 	23.0	 	 	 	(2.8	)	 	 	(12	)%	 	 	65.7	 	 	 	69.4	 	 	 	(3.7	)	 	 	(5	)%	
Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	1,283.4	 	 	 	(1,283.4	)	 	 	(100	)%	
Other charges, net	 	 	(5.1	)	 	 	15.3	 	 	 	(20.4	)	 	 	(133	)%	 	 	9.2	 	 	 	21.1	 	 	 	(11.9	)	 	 	(56	)%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total operating expenses	 	$	390.0	 	 	$	325.6	 	 	$	64.4	 	 	 	20	%	 	$	1,102.3	 	 	$	2,203.8	 	 	$	(1,101.5	)	 	 	(50	)%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Operating income (loss)	 	$	112.8	 	 	$	57.7	 	 	$	55.1	 	 	 	95	%	 	$	259.5	 	 	$	(1,060.1	)	 	$	1,319.6	 	 	 	124	%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
The following table shows operating expenses and operating income (loss) as a percentage of net revenues for the indicated periods:
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Three Months Ended September 30,	 	Nine Months Ended September 30,	
 	 	2007	 	2006	 	2007	 	2006	
Research and development	 	 	23	%	 	 	22	%	 	 	23	%	 	 	21	%	
Sales and marketing	 	 	24	%	 	 	24	%	 	 	24	%	 	 	24	%	
General and administrative	 	 	4	%	 	 	4	%	 	 	4	%	 	 	4	%	
Amortization of purchased intangible assets	 	 	3	%	 	 	4	%	 	 	3	%	 	 	4	%	
Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	75	%	
Other charges, net	 	 	(1	)%	 	 	3	%	 	 	—	%	 	 	1	%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total operating expenses	 	 	53	%	 	 	57	%	 	 	54	%	 	 	129	%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Operating income (loss)	 	 	15	%	 	 	10	%	 	 	13	%	 	 	(62	)%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Research and development expenses increased $44.5 million and $104.4 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2006. These increases were primarily due to increases in personnel related expenses and prototype equipment expenses as well as the allocated facilities and information technology costs necessary to support product development. Employee related expenses including salaries, bonuses and employee benefits expenses increased $22.0 million and $59.6 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, as we increased our headcount from 1,930 to 2,460 people from September 30, 2006 to September 30, 2007 to help expand our product portfolio. Engineering project expenses increased $9.2
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million and $15.3 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2006. In addition, our allocated facilities and information technology expenses, as well as depreciation expenses, increased $13.0 million and $28.8 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, compared to the corresponding periods in 2006. We grew the engineering organizations to support product innovation, expand our product portfolio and address growth opportunities in next generation networks, bandwidth and features for our service provider and enterprise customers.
Sales and marketing expenses increased $38.4 million and $80.5 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2006. These increases were primarily headcount related expenses including commissions expense. We also experienced increases in demonstration equipment expenses, consulting expenses as well as increases in expenses relating to our sales event and partner events in the periods ended September 30, 2007. Employee related charges, consisting of salaries, commissions, bonuses, and benefits expense increased $21.2 million and $56.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2006. This increase was primarily due to an increase in headcount from 1,576 as of September 30, 2006 to 1,805 as of September 30, 2007 in our worldwide sales and marketing organizations. We have strengthened these organizations to support additional products, customers and countries as we continue to address new markets for our products and reach emerging geographic regions. Included in the personnel charges was an increase in commission expense of $3.8 million and $17.2 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, due to our sales growth as well as commission accelerators. Likewise our need for demonstration equipment has grown as we seek to capture new markets and release new products. We incurred consulting fees in an effort to optimize our sales organization and focus our marketing efforts. As the sale and marketing organization grows, we have also grown our information technology and facilities allocations to these organizations, accounting for increases of $6.9 million and $13.8 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, compared to the same 2006 periods.
General and administrative expenses increased $4.7 million and $12.6 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2006. These increases were primarily due to increases in personnel related expenses and outside professional services. Employee related expenses, including salaries, bonuses, and fringe benefits expenses, increased $3.2 million and $7.6 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2006, as headcount increased from 230 as of September 30, 2006 to 274 as of September 30, 2007. The headcount increases were primarily in the finance and human resources organizations as we expanded our organization infrastructure in lower cost regions, improved internal processes and continued our initiatives to update information systems. Outside services increased $1.5 million and $4.7 million for the three and nine month periods in 2007, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2006. Outside service expenses increased as we invested in designing an optimal organizational structure. Such increases were offset by the decreases in accounting and legal fees of $1.6 million and $2.5 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2006. Consistent with other areas of our organization, facilities and information technology allocations increased in order to support these initiatives.
Amortization of purchased intangible assets decreased $2.8 million and $3.7 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2006. The decrease in amortization expenses was due to certain purchased intangible assets becoming fully amortized in the second quarter of 2006. We expect this expense to be consistent for the remainder of 2007.
We did not record any impairment charges in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007. Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets was nil and $1,283.4 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006, respectively. During the second quarter of 2006, we reduced the goodwill within the SLT segment by $1,280.0 million primarily due to the decline in the Company’s market capitalization during the six months prior to the impairment review and, to a lesser extent, a decrease in the forecasted future cash flows used in the income approach. Additionally, we recorded a $3.4 million impairment charge to purchased intangible assets as a result of a decrease in forecasted revenue from the SBC stand-alone products during the second quarter of 2006.
Other charges decreased $20.4 million and $11.9 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2006. Other charges arise in the normal course of business but are unpredictable in nature and can vary significantly period to period. Other charges included net settlement gain, stock option investigation costs and tax related charges as well as acquisition related compensation charges and
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restructuring adjustments. In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, we recorded a $5.3 million net legal settlement gain in connection with cash settlement of $6.2 million, net of the $0.9 million related direct transaction costs incurred in the third quarter of 2007. The net decrease in other charges was due in large part to the conclusion of our stock option investigation and tax related charges in 2007. We did not incur these costs in the three months ended September 30, 2007 while we incurred $11.4 million for the stock option investigation in the comparable three month period in 2006. In the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, we incurred $6.0 million and $13.9 million for the stock option investigation, respectively, and $8.0 million and $2.5 million for tax related charges, respectively. Stock option investigation costs consisted of legal, forensic and other professional fees and costs incurred as we conducted our independent stock option investigation. Tax related charges in the nine months ended September 30, 2007 were pertaining to the amendment of certain stock options primarily due to the tender offer completed in the first nine months of 2007. Tax related charges incurred in the same periods in 2006 were relating to settlement accrual with the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). Acquisition and restructuring adjustments, consisted of the difference between the actual rent payments and our restructuring reserves as well as the accrual of bonus and earn-out payments that may be payable to certain former employees of a past acquisition, were $0.2 million and $0.5 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, and $1.4 million and $4.7 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006, respectively.
Operating income increased to $112.8 million and $259.5 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, compared to an operating income of $57.7 million and an operating loss of $1,060.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006, respectively. Operating margin increased to 15% and 13% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, compared to 10% and -62% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006, respectively. The increases in operating income and operating margin for the three months ended September 30, 2007, compared to same period in 2006, was due primarily to revenue growth outpacing the growth of our operating expenses. The increases in our operating income and operating margin in the nine months ended September 30, 2007, compared to the same period in 2006, were due in large part to the impairment charge of $1,280.0 million in the 2006 period.
The largest driver of our growth in operating expenses was due to increased research and development investments in an effort to expand our product portfolio and address opportunities in adjacent markets to our products. Sales and marketing expenses were also a large driver of our increase in operating expenses as we seek to grow sales at our existing customers and reach developing markets. We expect our operating expenses, primarily research and development expenses, sales and marketing expenses as well as general and administrative expenses, to increase, but at a slower rate than our expected revenue increases, in the fourth quarter of 2007. Accordingly operating margin is expected to increase in the fourth quarter of 2007. Our revenues, cost of revenues and operating expenses vary from quarter to quarter due to a number of factors, accordingly our operating margin may fluctuate.
Interest and Other Income, Interest and Other Expense, Gain on Minority Equity Investment, and Income Tax Provisions
The following table shows other income, other expenses and income tax expense for the indicated periods (dollars in millions):
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Three Months Ended September 30,	 	Nine Months Ended September 30,	
 	 	2007	 	2006	 	$ Change	 	% Change	 	2007	 	2006	 	$ Change	 	% Change	
Interest and other income	 	$	19.6	 	 	$	28.6	 	 	$	(9.0	)	 	 	(31	)%	 	$	80.3	 	 	$	73.4	 	 	$	6.9	 	 	 	9	%	
Percentage of net revenues	 	 	3	%	 	 	5	%	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	4	%	 	 	4	%	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Interest and other expenses	 	 	(1.7	)	 	 	(0.8	)	 	 	(0.9	)	 	 	113	%	 	 	(3.9	)	 	 	(2.7	)	 	 	(1.2	)	 	 	44	%	
Percentage of net revenues	 	 	—	% 	 	 	—	% 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	—	% 	 	 	—	% 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Gain on minority equity investment	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	% 	 	 	6.7	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	6.7	 	 	 	100	%	
Percentage of net revenues	 	 	—	% 	 	 	—	% 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	—	% 	 	 	—	% 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Income tax provisions	 	 	45.6	 	 	 	27.3	 	 	 	18.3	 	 	 	67	%	 	 	104.7	 	 	 	82.9	 	 	 	21.8	 	 	 	26	%	
Percentage of net revenues	 	 	6	%	 	 	5	%	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	5	%	 	 	5	%	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Interest and other income decreased $9.0 million in the three months ended September 30, 2007 compared to the same period in 2006. This decrease was due to a lower cash, cash equivalents and investment balance as a result of our stock repurchases which took place in the first and second quarters of 2007. We used our cash, cash equivalents, short-term and long-term investments in the first and second quarters of 2007 primarily to fund the repurchase of $1.6 billion of common stock during that time period, however, our interest and other income increased $6.9 million in the nine
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months ended September 30, 2007 compared to the same period in 2006. The increase was due in large part to higher interest yield combined with a higher average cash, cash equivalents and investment balances during the 2007 period, primarily due to the positive cash flows from operations, compared to the same period a year ago.
Interest and other expenses increased $0.9 million and $1.2 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2006, primarily due to costs associated with our distributor financing program. Other interest and expenses include short-term debt expenses, debt issuance cost amortization, foreign exchange losses and other expenses such as bank fees.
In June 2007, one of our minority equity investments completed an initial public offering (“IPO”). As a result, we realized a gain of $6.7 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 based upon the difference between the market value at the time of the IPO and our cost basis.
We recorded tax provisions of $45.6 million and $27.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, or effective tax rates of 35% and 32%, respectively. We recorded tax provisions of $104.7 million and $82.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, or effective tax rates of 31% and -8%, respectively. The 2007 rates are substantially similar to the federal statutory rate. The 2007 rates reflect the benefit of income in foreign jurisdictions which are subject to lower rates and research and development credits in the United States. The difference between rates for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 is primarily related to stock option charges which are disallowed in certain jurisdictions. The effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2006 differs from the federal statutory rate primarily due to income earned in foreign jurisdictions which is subject to lower rates. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 differs from the federal statutory rate primarily due to our inability to record an income tax benefit from a substantial portion of the goodwill impairment charge recorded in 2006. The significant change in the rate for the first nine months of 2007 compared to the same period in 2006 was primarily related to the goodwill impairment charge, which is non-deductible for income tax purposes.
Our future effective tax rates could be subject to volatility or adversely affected by earnings being lower than anticipated in countries where we have lower statutory rates and higher than anticipated earnings in countries where we have higher statutory rates; by changes in the valuation of our deferred tax assets and liabilities; by expiration of or lapses in the R&D tax credit laws; by transfer pricing adjustments related to certain acquisitions including the license of acquired intangibles under our inter-company R&D cost sharing arrangement; by tax effects of stock-based compensation; by costs related to inter-company restructurings; or by changes in tax laws, regulations, accounting principles, or interpretations thereof. In addition, we are subject to the continuous examination of our income tax returns by the Internal Revenue Service and other tax authorities. We regularly assess the likelihood of adverse outcomes resulting from these examinations to determine the adequacy of our provision for income taxes.
Segment Information
A description of the products and services for each reportable segment can be found in Note 7 to the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. The primary financial measures used by our chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) in assessing performance and allocating resources to the segments is management operating income, which includes certain cost of revenues, research and development expenses, sales and marketing expenses, and general and administrative expenses. Direct costs and operating expenses, such as standard costs, research and development, and product marketing expenses, are generally applied to each reportable segment. Indirect costs, such as manufacturing overhead and other cost of sales, are allocated based on standard costs. Indirect operating expenses, such as sales, marketing, business development, and general and administrative expenses are generally allocated to each reportable segment based on headcount and revenue. Stock-based compensation and related expenses, amortization, impairment, gain and loss on minority equity investments, interest income and expense, other income and expense, income taxes, as well as certain other charges are not allocated to reportable segments.
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Financial information for each reportable segment used by management to make financial decisions and allocate resources is as follows (dollars in millions):
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Three Months Ended September 30,	 	 	Nine Months Ended September 30,	 	
 	 	2007	 	 	2006*	 	 	$ Change	 	 	% Change	 	 	2007	 	 	2006*	 	 	$ Change	 	 	% Change	 	
Net revenues:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Infrastructure	 	$	464.7	 	 	$	345.6	 	 	$	119.1	 	 	 	34	%	 	$	1,252.8	 	 	$	1,060.8	 	 	$	192.0	 	 	 	18	%	
Service Layer Technologies	 	 	142.1	 	 	 	121.7	 	 	 	20.4	 	 	 	17	%	 	 	405.4	 	 	 	349.4	 	 	 	56.0	 	 	 	16	%	
Service	 	 	128.2	 	 	 	106.3	 	 	 	21.9	 	 	 	21	%	 	 	368.7	 	 	 	297.6	 	 	 	71.1	 	 	 	24	%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total net revenues	 	$	735.0	 	 	$	573.6	 	 	$	161.4	 	 	 	28	%	 	$	2,026.9	 	 	$	1,707.8	 	 	$	319.1	 	 	 	19	%	
Management operating income (loss):	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Infrastructure	 	$	139.6	 	 	$	94.2	 	 	$	45.4	 	 	 	48	%	 	$	350.2	 	 	$	322.3	 	 	$	27.9	 	 	 	9	%	
Service Layer Technologies	 	 	(13.6	)	 	 	(1.3	)	 	 	(12.3	)	 	 	N/M	 	 	 	(26.0	)	 	 	(8.6	)	 	 	(17.4	)	 	 	N/M	 	
Service	 	 	28.9	 	 	 	28.9	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	%	 	 	89.5	 	 	 	77.3	 	 	 	12.2	 	 	 	16	%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total management operating income	 	 	154.9	 	 	 	121.8	 	 	 	33.1	 	 	 	27	%	 	 	413.7	 	 	 	391.0	 	 	 	22.7	 	 	 	6	%	
Amortization of purchased intangible assets	 	 	(21.6	)	 	 	(24.4	)	 	 	2.8	 	 	 	(11	)%	 	 	(69.8	)	 	 	(73.5	)	 	 	3.7	 	 	 	(5	)%	
Stock based compensation expense	 	 	(21.2	)	 	 	(22.9	)	 	 	1.7	 	 	 	(7	)%	 	 	(68.7	)	 	 	(69.1	)	 	 	0.4	 	 	 	(1	)%	
Stock based compensation related payroll tax	 	 	(4.4	)	 	 	(0.1	)	 	 	(4.3	)	 	 	N/M	 	 	 	(6.5	)	 	 	(2.6	)	 	 	(3.9	)	 	 	N/M	 	
Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	N/M	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	(1,283.4	)	 	 	1,283.4	 	 	 	N/M	 	
Restructuring charges in cost of product revenues	 	 	—	 	 	 	(1.4	)	 	 	1.4	 	 	 	N/M	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	(1.4	)	 	 	1.4	 	 	 	N/M	 	
Other charges, net	 	 	5.1	 	 	 	(15.3	)	 	 	20.4	 	 	 	N/M	 	 	 	(9.2	)	 	 	(21.1	)	 	 	11.9	 	 	 	N/M	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total operating income (loss)	 	 	112.8	 	 	 	57.7	 	 	 	55.1	 	 	 	95	%	 	 	259.5	 	 	 	(1,060.1	)	 	 	1,319.6	 	 	 	124	%	
Interest and other income	 	 	19.6	 	 	 	28.6	 	 	 	(9.0	)	 	 	(31	)%	 	 	80.3	 	 	 	73.3	 	 	 	7.0	 	 	 	10	%	
Interest and other expense	 	 	(1.7	)	 	 	(0.8	)	 	 	(0.9	)	 	 	113	%	 	 	(3.9	)	 	 	(2.7	)	 	 	(1.2	)	 	 	44	%	
Gain on minority equity investment	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	%	 	 	6.7	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	6.7	 	 	 	100	%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Income (loss) before income taxes	 	$	130.7	 	 	$	85.5	 	 	$	45.2	 	 	 	53	%	 	$	342.6	 	 	$	(989.5	)	 	$	1,332.1	 	 	 	135	%	

			
*	 	Prior year information has been revised to conform to the current period presentation.	
N/M — Not meaningful.
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The following table shows selected information for each reportable segment as a percentage of net revenues:
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Three Months Ended September 30,	 	Nine Months Ended September 30,	
 	 	2007	 	2006	 	2007	 	2006	
Net revenues:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Infrastructure	 	 	63	%	 	 	60	%	 	 	62	%	 	 	62	%	
Service Layer Technologies	 	 	19	%	 	 	21	%	 	 	20	%	 	 	20	%	
Service	 	 	18	%	 	 	19	%	 	 	18	%	 	 	18	%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total net revenues	 	 	100	%	 	 	100	%	 	 	100	%	 	 	100	%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Management operating income (loss):	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Infrastructure	 	 	19	%	 	 	16	%	 	 	17	%	 	 	19	%	
Service Layer Technologies	 	 	(2	)%	 	 	—	%	 	 	(1	)%	 	 	(1	)%	
Service	 	 	4	%	 	 	5	%	 	 	3	%	 	 	4	%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total management operating income	 	 	21	%	 	 	21	%	 	 	19	%	 	 	22	%	
Amortization of purchased intangible assets	 	 	(3	)%	 	 	(4	)%	 	 	(3	)%	 	 	(4	)%	
Stock-based compensation expense	 	 	(3	)%	 	 	(4	)%	 	 	(3	)%	 	 	(4	)%	
Stock-based compensation related payroll expense	 	 	(1	)%	 	 	—	%	 	 	—	%	 	 	—	%	
Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets	 	 	—	%	 	 	—	%	 	 	—	%	 	 	(75	)%	
Restructuring charges in cost of product revenues	 	 	—	%	 	 	—	%	 	 	—	%	 	 	—	%	
Other charges, net	 	 	1	%	 	 	(3	)%	 	 	—	%	 	 	(1	)%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total operating income (loss)	 	 	15	%	 	 	10	%	 	 	13	%	 	 	(62	)%	
Gain on minority equity investment	 	 	—	%	 	 	—	%	 	 	—	%	 	 	—	%	
Interest and other income	 	 	3	%	 	 	5	%	 	 	4	%	 	 	4	%	
Interest and other expense	 	 	—	%	 	 	—	%	 	 	—	%	 	 	—	%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Income (loss) before income taxes	 	 	18	%	 	 	15	%	 	 	17	%	 	 	(58	)%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Infrastructure Segment
Infrastructure net revenues increased $119.1 million and $192.0 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2006. The increase in revenue was due primarily to increases in both ports and chassis units shipped. We track infrastructure chassis revenue units and ports shipped to analyze customer trends and indicate areas of network growth. Our infrastructure product platforms are essentially modular, with the chassis serving as the base of the platform. Each chassis has a certain number of slots that are available to be populated with components we refer to as modules or interfaces. The modules are the components through which the router receives incoming packets of data from a variety of transmission media. The physical connection between a transmission medium and a module is referred to as a port. The number of ports on a module varies widely depending on the functionality and throughput offered by the module. Chassis revenue units represent the number of chassis on which revenue was recognized during the period. The following table shows infrastructure chassis revenue units and ports shipped during the periods indicated:
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Three Months Ended September 30,	 	Nine Months Ended September 30,	
 	 	2007	 	2006	 	Unit Change	 	% Change	 	2007	 	2006	 	Unit Change	 	% Change	
Infrastructure chassis revenue units	 	 	2,931	 	 	 	2,791	 	 	 	140	 	 	 	5	%	 	 	7,877	 	 	 	7,759	 	 	 	118	 	 	 	2	%	
Infrastructure ports shipped	 	 	61,728	 	 	 	46,398	 	 	 	15,330	 	 	 	33	%	 	 	155,159	 	 	 	120,992	 	 	 	34,167	 	 	 	28	%	
Sales of chassis units and ports increased in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, compared to the same periods in 2006, as our customers expanded the capacity in their existing networks. During the three months ended September 30, 2007, we also noted a favorable mix from increased percentage of sales of higher margin M-Series and T-Series products while the percentage of sales on lower margin E-Series products decreased. Revenues from T-Series core routers and M-Series multi-service edge routers during this period were bolstered by customers seeking to increase the capacity and extend the reach of their networks. The growth in port shipments during this period was driven by bandwidth demand as service providers were seeking to expand voice and video capability in
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their existing networks. Customers continue to seek highly scalable hosting solutions as they scale to meet demand for their services. In the nine months ended September 30, 2007, we experienced a more moderate favorable product mix as compared to the same period in 2006.
Gross margin percentages for the Infrastructure segment improved in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 compared with the same periods in 2006. We benefited from the favorable product mix in the three months ended September 30, 2007, as compared to the same period in prior year, as we generated higher product margins and derived a higher portion of revenues from richly configured chassis units and ports. In the nine months ended September 30, 2007, the gross margin percentages were consistent with the same period in 2006.
Infrastructure management operating income increased $45.4 million and $27.9 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, as compared to the same periods in 2006. The increase in the three months ended September 30, 2007 was primarily driven by revenue growth outpacing expense growth. Our heavy investments in research and development continued as we seek to expand our Infrastructure product portfolio. We also allocate sales and marketing as well as general and administrative expenses to the Infrastructure segment generally based on revenue and headcount. The increase in management operating income was partially offset by our continued investments in research and development in an effort to expand our product portfolio and our continued investments in sales and marketing efforts to reach enterprise and service provider customers. We will continue to make these investments to expand our product features and functionality based upon the trends in the market place. Additionally, we will continue to strengthen key partnerships to expand the market penetration of our products.
SLT Segment
The SLT segment consists of security products and application acceleration products. These products enable our customers to provide secure and assured information by allowing them to manage and control remote access to data and applications. Additionally, we sell load balancing and application acceleration platforms to speed response times on customer’s networks. The following table shows SLT revenue units recognized during the periods indicated:
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Three Months Ended September 30,	 	Nine Months Ended September 30,	
 	 	2007	 	2006	 	Increase	 	% Change	 	2007	 	2006	 	Increase	 	% Change	
Service Layer Technologies units	 	 	64,402	 	 	 	45,300	 	 	 	19,102	 	 	 	42	%	 	 	176,708	 	 	 	134,500	 	 	 	42,208	 	 	 	31	%	
SLT net revenues increased $20.4 million and $56.0 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, as compared to the 2006 periods. This increase was primarily due to increases in the Firewall and J-Series products in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 compared to the prior year. Net revenues from SSL and application performance products also increased in the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2007, compared to the same periods in 2006. We grew revenues by selling more integrated products and solutions in the enterprise and service provider markets as well as strengthening partnerships with open standards based interoperability of our SLT products. Revenue increases resulted from our deployments of SSL solutions to enterprises and governments who were seeking to enhance their remote access to data and applications. We experienced considerable improvement in revenue from our DX load balancing and WX application acceleration platforms as customers sought to boost the responsiveness of their networks. We have continued our focus on introducing security products that are more customer friendly and improving our customer experience. We were able to demonstrate our commitment to providing highly integrated secure networking technologies with key customer wins and revenue growth in larger existing accounts during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007.
SLT management operating loss increased in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, compared to the same periods in 2006. These losses were primarily due to increases in SLT operating expenses to build a foundation to help enable future revenue growth and due to slight decreases in gross margins. The increase in SLT management operating expenses was due in large part to our increased allocated expenses to the SLT segment from both information technology investments and the higher variable compensation expenses associated with company-wide overachievement in revenue. Additionally, we strategically invested in our research and development efforts to develop technologies and products for the JUNOS platform. In an effort to control costs, we have moved a significant portion of SLT development to lower cost regions while expanding our product portfolio. Management operating income in SLT was also impacted by continued investments in our sales and distribution channels. We allocate sales and marketing
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as well as general and administrative expenses to the SLT segment generally based on revenue and headcount. In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, we increased our allocation of sales and marketing as well as general and administrative expenses to the SLT segment compared to the same periods in 2006. SLT gross margins slightly decreased in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, as compared to the same periods in 2006, due to higher manufacturing costs associated with newer and more complex products. The higher manufacturing costs were partially offset as we realized the benefit of our cost-reduction efforts of moving more manufacturing to lower cost regions.
We believe our product introductions will help us meet competitive pressures as the service provider and enterprise markets continue to demand more performance at lower prices. We will continue to invest in the development of new products but development costs are expected to increase at a slower pace than revenue.
Service Segment
See discussion of net service revenues under “Results of Operations” section in Item 2 of Part I for further information.
Service management operating income for the three months ended September 30, 2007 was comparable to service management income in the same period in 2006. For the nine months ended September 30, 2007, service operating income increased $12.2 million compared to the same period in 2006. Although revenue in the Service segment grew significantly as we increased our installed base, we also increased our service offerings and customer service infrastructure. We expanded our customer service center in both North America and India as well as increased our resources for supporting network build-outs and deployments by our customers. The growth in service operating income in the nine month period ended September 30, 2007 was partially offset by increased employee related expenses primarily as a result of increased service related headcount. Customer service management operating income was also impacted significantly by facilities and information systems management allocations to the service segment.
Stock-Based Compensation and Related Payroll Taxes
Stock-based compensation expense decreased by $1.7 million and $0.4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2006. The decrease was primarily attributable to the lower stock option expense in the 2007 periods as a result of the acceleration of the vesting of certain unvested and “out-of-the-money” stock options completed in December 2005 (“2005 stock option vesting acceleration”). Stock-based compensation related payroll expense increased $4.3 million and $3.9 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively. These expenses represent employment taxes we incurred in connection with our employee stock programs. Changes in such expenses are primarily attributable to the timing of the stock options exercises by our employees. We experienced a considerable increase in these expenses due to the increase in our share price occurring in the three and nine months period ended September 30, 2007. In contrast, we had restrictions on Stock option exercises during the comparable three and nine months ended September 30, 2006.
Restructuring Charges in Cost of Product Revenues
There were no restructuring charges included in cost of product revenues for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007. We recognized restructuring charges of $1.4 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006 in connection with the restructuring plan implemented in 2006.
Amortization of Purchased Intangible Assets, Impairment of Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Other Charges, Gain on Minority Equity Investment, Interest and Other Income, and Interest and Other Expense
See “Results of Operations” section under Item 2 of Part I for further information.
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Liquidity and Capital Resources
Overview
We have funded our business by issuing securities and through our operating activities. The following table shows our capital resources (in millions):
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	September 30,	 	 	December 31,	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	 	$ Change	 	 	% Change	 	
Working capital	 	$	872.7	 	 	$	1,759.2	 	 	$	(886.5	)	 	 	(50	)%	

Cash and cash equivalents	 	 	1,349.2	 	 	 	1,596.3	 	 	 	(247.1	)	 	 	(15	)%	
Short-term investments	 	 	273.0	 	 	 	443.9	 	 	 	(170.9	)	 	 	(38	)%	
Long-term investments	 	 	130.1	 	 	 	574.1	 	 	 	(444.0	)	 	 	(77	)%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total cash, cash equivalents and available-for-sale investments	 	$	1,752.3	 	 	$	2,614.3	 	 	$	(862.0	)	 	 	(33	)%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
The significant components of our working capital are cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments and accounts receivable, reduced by accounts payable, accrued liabilities, debt and deferred revenue.
Working capital decreased $886.5 million from December 31, 2006 to September 30, 2007 primarily due to the decrease in cash, cash equivalents, and available-for-sale investments balance in the first and second quarters of 2007. Our total cash, cash equivalents, and available-for-sale investments decreased by $862.0 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 primarily due to stock repurchases under the 2006 Stock Repurchase Program discussed below. Additionally, since our debt is due within one year, we reclassified $399.8 million of convertible debt from long-term to short-term liabilities and, as a result, further reduced our working capital. In the nine months ended September 30, 2007, we generated $549.9 million from operations and received financing cash inflows of $301.0 million from employee stock option exercises. In the nine months ended September 30, 2007, we repurchased 69.4 million shares of our common stock for $1,623.2 million at an average purchase price of $23.37 per share. We have not made subsequent repurchases under our 2006 Stock Repurchase Program through the filing of this report. As of our report filing date, our 2006 Stock Repurchase Program had remaining authorized funds of $376.8 million. We may repurchase additional shares opportunistically under this program, subject to a review of circumstances at the time.
In June 2007, we entered into a senior secured margin lending agreement with a third party financial institution for a maximum credit facility of $400.0 million, or 90% of the fair market value of the underlying collateral, to establish a flexible draw down facility to fund additional stock repurchases, as necessary. This credit facility bore a floating interest rate equal to the three-month USD LIBOR plus 40 basis points per annum and, if utilized, would be secured by our publicly traded fixed income securities portfolio equivalent to 111% of any outstanding balance. This credit facility was terminated on September 26, 2007. We did not utilize this credit facility at any time.
Accounts receivable increased $30.1 million or 12% to $279.5 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2007 primarily due to an increase in revenue and partially offset by improved shipment linearity. DSO improved to 34 days as of September 30, 2007 as compared to 38 days as of December 31, 2006. The decrease in DSO was primarily a result of improved shipment linearity in the 2007 period. Shipment linearity represents the rate at which products are shipped during a period. Our distributor financing program had minimal impact on DSO during the nine months ended September 30, 2007. Approximately $1.2 million of receivables sold under the distributor financing program had not been recognized in revenue as of September 30, 2007 and therefore such amounts were recorded as debt financing in other accrued liabilities.
Deferred revenue increased $67.7 million or 18% to $453.3 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2007. Product and service deferred revenue increased $19.1 million and $48.6 million, respectively, in the nine months ended September 30, 2007. Our product deferred revenue increased due to increases in the amount of product shipments not having met revenue recognition criteria and service deferred revenue increased due to an increase in the installed base of equipment under service contract.
Liquidity and capital resources may also be impacted by acquisitions and investments in strategic relationships we may make in the networking equipment and information security markets. If we were to repurchase additional shares
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of our common stock under our 2006 Stock Repurchase Program, our liquidity may be impacted and we may seek to finance a portion of future stock repurchases as necessary. Additionally, a portion of our cash and investment balance is held overseas and may be subject to U.S. taxes if repatriated.
Based on past performance and current expectations, we believe that our existing cash and cash equivalents, short-term and long-term investments, together with cash generated from operations and the exercise of employee stock options will be sufficient to fund our operations and growth. We believe our working capital is sufficient to meet our liquidity requirements for capital expenditures, commitments, repurchases of our common stock, and other liquidity requirements associated with our existing operations through at least the next 12 months.
Cash Requirements and Contractual Obligations
Our principal commitments consist of obligations outstanding under operating leases, the Zero Coupon Convertible Senior Notes due June 15, 2008 (“Senior Notes”), purchase commitments, escrow payments, and bonus and earn-out obligations. See Note 9 to the Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements in Item 1 of Part I for further details of our commitments.
Our contractual obligations under operating leases, which extend through 2016, primarily relate to our leased facilities. Future minimum payments under our non-cancelable operating leases totaled $216.6 million as of September 30, 2007. Of this amount, $12.4 million will be payable in the remaining three months of 2007.
The Senior Notes were issued in June 2003 and are senior unsecured obligations, rank on parity in right of payment with all of our existing and future senior unsecured debt, and rank senior to all of our existing and future debt that expressly provides that it is subordinated to the notes. The Senior Notes bear no interest, but are convertible into shares of our common stock, subject to certain conditions, at any time prior to maturity on June 15, 2008, or their prior repurchase by Juniper Networks. The conversion rate is 49.6512 shares per each $1,000 principal amount of convertible notes, subject to adjustment in certain circumstances. This is equivalent to a conversion price of approximately $20.14 per share. As of September 30, 2007, the carrying value of the Senior Notes totaling $399.8 million was recorded as current liabilities as the debt is due in less than one year.
We do not have firm purchase commitments with our contract manufacturers. In order to reduce manufacturing lead times and ensure adequate component supply, the contract manufacturers place non-cancelable, non-returnable (“NCNR”) orders, which were valued at $98.1 million as of September 30, 2007, based on our build forecasts. We do not take ownership of the components and the NCNR orders do not represent firm purchase commitments pursuant to our agreements with the contract manufacturers. The components are used by the contract manufacturers to build products based on purchase orders we have received from our customers or our forecast. We may incur a liability for products built by the contract manufacturers if the components go unused for specified periods of time and, in the meantime, we may be assessed carrying charges. As of September 30, 2007, we had accrued $22.2 million based on our estimate of such charges.
As of September 30, 2007, other contractual obligations consisted primarily of the escrow amount of $2.2 million in connection with past acquisitions for indemnity obligations expiring in 2007 and a software subscription requiring payments of $5.0 million in both January 2008 and January 2009. In addition, earn-out and bonus obligations of $0.6 million may be payable to certain former employees of acquired companies if contractual obligations are met in 2007.
In addition, as of September 30, 2007, we had $24.5 million of long-term liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheet for unrecognized tax positions. At this time, we are unable to make a reasonably reliable estimate of the timing of payments in individual years beyond 12 months due to uncertainties in the timing of tax audit outcomes.
In the nine months ended September 30, 2007, we initiated a multi-year implementation to upgrade certain key internal IT systems, including our company-wide human resources management system and our Enterprise Resource Planning (“ERP”) System. We expect to incur expenses in the normal course of business related to this implementation over the next couple of years.
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We released cash of $18.0 million from our cash and escrow accounts related to past acquisitions during the nine months ended September 30, 2007. We also made net additions to restricted cash of $8.9 million in order to fund our directors and officers liability insurance program in the nine months ended September 30, 2007.
Summary of Cash Activities
We used cash and cash equivalents of $247.1 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2007. The decrease was due to $1,623.2 million of repurchases of our common stock, which was partially offset by cash flows of $549.9 million from our operating activities, $509.6 million from our investing activities, and $301.0 million from employee stock option exercises.
Operating Activities
We generated cash from operating activities of $549.9 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2007 compared to $521.4 million in the same period of 2006. Although the cash generated increased $28.5 million, the individual drivers of cash flows fluctuated for the following reasons within the nine months ended September 30, 2007 compared to the same period in the prior year.

 	•	 	Operating cash from changes in accounts receivable balances decreased $20.7 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2007, compared to a decrease of $15.6 million in the same period of 2006. These changes in account balances resulted in an additional negative cash flow of $5.1 million in the current year period. The increase in accounts receivable was primarily due to increased revenue partially offset by improved shipment linearity. Our DSO decreased from 38 Days as of December 31, 2006 to 34 days as of September 30, 2007 and our cash collections remain effective.	
 		
 	•	 	Our accounts payable balance for the first nine months of 2007 increased by $19.6 million, compared to a decrease of $6.2 million in our accounts payable balance during the same period of 2006. The difference of $25.8 million in operating cash from accounts payable was primarily related to the timing of payments to contract manufacturers and the growth of our operations.	
 		
 	•	 	Cash inflows from prepaid expenses and other assets decreased $12.7 million to $14.4 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2007, compared to $27.1 million during the same period last year. These decreases were due to the increases in our prepaid expenses and other assets during the 2007 period, primarily relating to other receivables and the timing of payments in our operations.	
 		
 	•	 	Increases in our compensation accruals balance also contributed to an additional positive cash flows of $25.8 million as we had a cash inflows of $9.8 million in the 2007 period while there was a cash outflow of $16.0 million in the same period last year. The increases in these accruals were primarily due to our growing headcount partially offset by payments within the period. We make semi-annual bonus payments based on the achievements of our employees compared to predefined objectives within the first and third quarters.	
 		
 	•	 	Cash provided by deferred revenue balances was $67.7 million in the first nine months of 2007, compared to $93.1 million in the same period of 2006. The decrease in cash generated from deferred revenue was primarily due to the timing of our product and service revenue recognition.	
Cash generated from operations during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 was up from cash generated from operations in the comparable nine month period in the prior year due primarily from additional net income from operations. Although we experienced effective cash collections on product and service revenues, as evidenced by our improvement in DSO, the increase in cash collections was partially offset by cash spent in our growing operations. The majority of this spending was for employee costs associated with increased headcount as we develop our product portfolio and implement sales initiatives. We expect these expenditures to continue to increase but increases may come at a slower rate as we use cash to grow our business while seeking to improve cash inflow from operations at a rate that is more comparable to our revenue growth.
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Investing Activities
Cash flow from investing activities was $509.6 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2007. In the same nine month period in prior year we used cash of $15.0 million. Investing activities included purchases, sales and maturities of available-for-sale securities, capital expenditures, purchase and sale of minority equity investments and changes in restricted cash requirements. Additionally, investing activities were impacted by the following:

 	•	 	Net sales and maturities of investment in available-for-sale securities were $628.4 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2007, compared to net sales and maturities of $52.3 million for the corresponding 2006 period as we used cash to fund our stock repurchase program described under the financing activities section below.	
 		
 	•	 	Capital expenditures increased by $41.1 million in the first nine months of 2007 compared to the same period in 2006. Our capital expenditures have increased to enable us to build greater customer service capacity and build research and development labs. These capital additions have come primarily in lower cost regions as we develop more products and serve customers from lower cost regions.	
 		
 	•	 	We used cash to increase our restricted cash in the nine months ended September 30, 2007 related to the directors and officers’ liability insurance trust. In the nine months ended September 30, 2006, changes in restricted cash related primarily to payments held in escrow for past acquisitions.	
We expect capital additions to increase as we continue to update our information systems. Additionally, we will continue to make capital additions to support our expanding operations. We do not anticipate generating cash from the sale of investments at the same rate through the end of 2007.
Financing Activities
Net cash used in financing activities was $1,306.5 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2007 compared to the $91.5 million used in the nine months ended September 30, 2006.

 	•	 	Net cash used in the 2007 period was due to cash used for the common stock repurchases of $1,623.2 million for 69.4 million shares. Cash used for stock repurchases increased significantly in the nine months ended September 30, 2007 under a $2 billion stock repurchase program approved in July 2006 and February 2007. In the nine months ended September 30, 2006, we repurchased 10.1 million shares of our common stock using $186.4 million under our $250.0 million stock repurchase program approved in July 2004.	
 		
 	•	 	We generated $213.8 million more cash from the issuance of common stock in the first nine months of 2007 compared to the same period in 2006 primarily due to more employee stock option exercises as our share price was considerably higher in the first nine months of 2007 than that in the same period last year. We generated proceeds of $301.0 million from employee stock option exercises in the nine months ended September 30, 2007.	
 		
 	•	 	We included in financing activities the excess tax benefits of $15.7 million from employee stock option exercises in the first nine months of 2007.	
We do not anticipate using cash in financing activities at the same rate as the nine months ended September 30, 2007 as we have been selective in making additional repurchases of our common stock as our share price has increased since our last repurchase. We anticipate that we will continue generating cash from common stock issuance in connection with employee stock options.
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Factors That May Affect Future Results
A description of risk factors associated with our business is included under “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of Part II of this report.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Investments
We maintain an investment portfolio of various holdings, types and maturities. The values of our investments are subject to market price volatility. In addition, a portion of our cash and marketable securities are held in non-U.S. domiciled countries. These securities are generally classified as available-for-sale and, consequently, are recorded on the consolidated balance sheet at fair value with unrealized gains or losses reported as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).
At any time, a rise in interest rates could have a material adverse impact on the fair value of our investment portfolio. Conversely, declines in interest rates could have a material impact on interest earnings of our investment portfolio. We do not currently hedge these interest rate exposures. We recognized no material net gains or losses during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 related to the sales of our investments.
Foreign Currency Risk and Foreign Exchange Forward Contracts
It is our policy to use derivatives to partially offset our market exposure to fluctuations in foreign currencies. We do not enter into derivatives for speculative or trading purposes.
We use foreign currency forward contracts to mitigate transaction gains and losses generated by certain foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities. These derivatives are carried at fair value with changes recorded in other income (expense). Changes in the fair value of these derivatives are largely offset by re-measurement of the underlying assets and liabilities. These foreign exchange contracts have maturities between one and two months.
Our sales and costs of revenues are primarily denominated in U.S. dollars. Our operating expenses are denominated in U.S. dollars as well as other foreign currencies including the Japanese Yen, Indian Rupee, British Pound and the Euro. Periodically, we use foreign currency forward and/or option contracts to hedge certain forecasted foreign currency transactions relating to operating expenses. These derivatives are designated as cash flow hedges and have maturities of less than one year. The effective portion of the derivative’s gain or loss is initially reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income and, upon occurrence of the forecasted transaction, is subsequently reclassified into the consolidated statements of operations line item to which the hedged transaction relates. We record any ineffectiveness of the hedging instruments, which was immaterial during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively, in other income (expense) on our condensed consolidated statements of operations. Research and development, sales and marketing, as well as general and administrative expenses slightly increased in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, compared with the same periods in 2006, due to the effect of foreign currency fluctuations.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Attached as exhibits to this report are certifications of our CEO and CFO, which are required in accordance with Rule 13a-14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. This “Controls and Procedures” section includes information concerning the controls and controls evaluation referred to in the certifications, and it should be read in conjunction with the certifications for a more complete understanding of the topics presented.
We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including the CEO and CFO, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Based upon that evaluation, the CEO and CFO concluded that, as of the end of the period covered in this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we
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file under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is (i) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms, and (ii) accumulated and communicated to our management, including the CEO and CFO, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Changes in Internal Controls
In 2007, we initiated a multi-year implementation to upgrade certain key internal IT systems, including our company-wide human resources management system and our ERP system. This project is the result of our normal business process to evaluate and upgrade or replace our systems software and related business processes to support our evolving operational needs. In addition, in July 2007 Scott Kriens, our CEO, had been designated to serve as our interim CFO until such time as we hired a new CFO. Mr. Kriens was replaced in this interim role on August 14, 2007, when we announced the hiring of Robyn M. Denholm as our new CFO. Our management has taken and is taking the necessary steps to monitor and maintain appropriate internal controls during these periods of change. There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the third quarter of 2007 that have materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Inherent Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls
Our management, including the CEO and CFO, does not expect that our disclosure controls or our internal control over financial reporting will prevent or detect all error and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system’s objectives will be met. Our controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that our control system’s objective will be met and our CEO and CFO have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective at the reasonable assurance level. The design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Further, because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that misstatements due to error or fraud will not occur or that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Controls can also be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls is based in part on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events. Projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of controls in future periods are subject to risks. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or deterioration in the degree of compliance with policies or procedures.
PART II — OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
We are subject to legal claims and litigation arising in the ordinary course of business, such as employment or intellectual property claims, including, but not limited to, the matters described below. The outcome of any such matters is currently not determinable. Although we do not expect that such legal claims and litigation will ultimately have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position or results of operations, an adverse result in one or more matters could negatively affect our results in the period in which they occur.
Stock Option Lawsuits
Federal Derivative Lawsuits
Between May 24, 2006 and August 17, 2006, seven purported shareholder derivative actions were filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California against us and certain of our current and former officers and directors. The lawsuits allege that our officers and directors either participated in illegal back-dating of stock option grants or allowed it to happen. On October 19, 2006, the Court ordered the consolidation of these actions as In Re Juniper Derivative Actions , No. 06-03396, and appointed as the lead plaintiffs Timothy Hill, Employer-Teamsters Local Nos. 175 & 505 Pension Trust Fund, and Indiana State District Council of Laborers and HOD Carriers Pension Fund. Lead plaintiffs filed a consolidated complaint on April 11, 2007. The consolidated complaint asserts causes of action for violations of federal securities laws, violations of California securities laws,
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breaches of fiduciary duty, aiding and abetting breaches of fiduciary duty, abuse of control, corporate waste, breach of contract, unjust enrichment, gross mismanagement, and insider selling and misappropriation of information. The consolidated complaint also demands an accounting and rescission of allegedly improper stock option grants. We have formed a Special Litigation Committee, consisting of directors Michael Rose and Michael Lawrie, to determine whether it is in the best interests of Juniper Networks and our shareholders to pursue any of the claims asserted in the derivative litigation. The Special Litigation Committee is authorized to pursue, settle or release such claims.
State Derivative Lawsuits — California
On May 24, 2006 and June 2, 2006, two purported shareholder derivative actions were filed in the Santa Clara County Superior Court in the State of California against us and certain of our current and former officers and directors. These two actions were consolidated as In re Juniper Networks Derivative Litigation, No. 1:06CV064294, by order dated June 20, 2006. An amended consolidated complaint was filed on April 9, 2007. The amended consolidated complaint alleges that certain of our current and former officers and directors either participated in illegal back-dating of stock options or allowed it to happen. The complaint asserts causes of action for unjust enrichment, breach of fiduciary duties, abuse of control, gross mismanagement, waste of corporate assets, insider selling and misappropriation of information, and violations of California securities laws. Plaintiffs also demand an accounting and rescission of allegedly improper stock options grants, and a constructive trust of proceeds derived from allegedly illicit stock options. We have formed a Special Litigation Committee, consisting of directors Michael Rose and Michael Lawrie, to determine whether it is in the best interests of Juniper Networks and our shareholders to pursue any of the claims asserted in the derivative litigation. The Special Litigation Committee is authorized to pursue, settle or release such claims.
Federal Securities Class Action
On July 14, 2006 and August 29, 2006, two purported class actions were filed in the Northern District of California against us and certain of our current and former officers and directors. On November 20, 2006, the Court consolidated the two actions as In re Juniper Networks, Inc. Securities Litigation, No. C06-04327-JW, and appointed the New York City Pension Funds as lead plaintiffs. The lead plaintiffs filed a Consolidated Class Action Complaint on January 12, 2007, and filed an Amended Consolidated Class Action Complaint on April 9, 2007. The Amended Consolidated Complaint alleges that the defendants violated federal securities laws by manipulating stock option grant dates to coincide with low stock prices and issuing false and misleading statements including, among others, incorrect financial statements due to the improper accounting of stock option grants. The Amended Consolidated Complaint asserts claims for violations of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 on behalf of all persons who purchased or otherwise acquired Juniper Networks’ publicly traded securities from July 12, 2001 through and including August 10, 2006. On June 7, 2007, the defendants filed a motion to dismiss certain of the claims, and a hearing was held on September 10, 2007. The Court has not yet issued a ruling.
Calamore Proxy Statement Action
On March 28, 2007 an action titled Jeanne M. Calamore v. Juniper Networks, Inc., et al., No. C-07-1772-JW, was filed by Jeanne M. Calamore in the Northern District of California against us and certain of our current and former officers and directors. The complaint alleges that the proxy statement for our 2006 Annual Meeting of Stockholders contained various false and misleading statements in that it failed to disclose stock option backdating information. As a result, plaintiff seeks preliminary and permanent injunctive relief with respect to our 2006 Equity Incentive Plan, including seeking to invalidate the plan and all equity awards granted and grantable thereunder. On May 21, 2007, we filed a motion to dismiss and plaintiff filed a motion for preliminary injunction. On July 19, 2007, the Court issued an order denying plaintiff’s motion for a preliminary injunction and dismissing the complaint in its entirety with leave to amend. Plaintiff filed an amended complaint on August 27, 2007, and defendants filed a motion to dismiss on October 9, 2007. The motion is currently scheduled for hearing on December 3, 2007.
Settlement with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
On August 28, 2007, we announced that the Commissioners of the SEC authorized the settlement between us and the SEC regarding the previously disclosed SEC inquiry into our historical stock option granting practices. Without admitting or denying the allegations in the SEC’s complaint, we agreed to settle the charges by consenting to a permanent injunction against any future violations of the antifraud, reporting, books-and-records and internal control
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provisions of the federal securities laws. The SEC filed the complaint, SEC v. Juniper Networks, Inc. , Case No. C 07 4430-JW, in the Northern District of California on August 28, 2007. Our consent to entry of final judgment was also filed on August 28, 2007. No monetary penalties were assessed against us in conjunction with this settlement. This settlement concludes the SEC’s formal investigation of the company with respect to our historical stock option granting practices.
Other Matters
IPO Allocation Case
In December 2001, a class action complaint was filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York against the Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., Credit Suisse First Boston Corporation, FleetBoston Robertson Stephens, Inc., Royal Bank of Canada (Dain Rauscher Wessels), SG Cowen Securities Corporation, UBS Warburg LLC (Warburg Dillon Read LLC), Chase (Hambrecht & Quist LLC), J.P. Morgan Chase & Co., Lehman Brothers, Inc., Salomon Smith Barney, Inc., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Incorporated (collectively, the “Underwriters”), our company and certain of our officers. This action was brought on behalf of purchasers of our common stock in our initial public offering in June 1999 and our secondary offering in September 1999.
Specifically, among other things, this complaint alleged that the prospectus pursuant to which shares of common stock were sold in our initial public offering and our subsequent secondary offering contained certain false and misleading statements or omissions regarding the practices of the Underwriters with respect to their allocation of shares of common stock in these offerings and their receipt of commissions from customers related to such allocations. Various plaintiffs have filed actions asserting similar allegations concerning the initial public offerings of approximately 300 other issuers. These various cases pending in the Southern District of New York have been coordinated for pretrial proceedings as In re Initial Public Offering Securities Litigation , 21 MC 92. In April 2002, plaintiffs filed a consolidated amended complaint in the action against us, alleging violations of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Defendants in the coordinated proceeding filed motions to dismiss. In October 2002, our officers were dismissed from the case without prejudice pursuant to a stipulation. On February 19, 2003, the court granted in part and denied in part the motion to dismiss, but declined to dismiss the claims against us.
In June 2004, a stipulation of settlement and release of claims against the issuer defendants, including us, was submitted to the court for approval. On August 31, 2005, the court preliminarily approved the settlement. In December 2006, the appellate court overturned the certification of classes in the six test cases that were selected by the underwriter defendants and plaintiffs in the coordinated proceedings. Because class certification was a condition of the settlement, it was unlikely that the settlement would receive final Court approval. On June 25, 2007, the Court entered an order terminating the proposed settlement based upon a stipulation among the parties to the settlement. Plaintiffs have filed amended master allegations and amended complaints in the six focus cases. It is uncertain whether there will be any revised or future settlement.
16(b) Demand
On October 3, 2007, a purported Juniper Networks shareholder filed a complaint for violation of Section 16(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which prohibits short-swing trading, against our IPO underwriters. The complaint, Vanessa Simmonds v. The Goldman Sachs Group, et al., Case No. C07-01577, in District Court for the Western District of Washington, seeks the recovery of short-swing profits. We are named as a nominal defendant. No recovery is sought from us in this matter.
Toshiba Patent Infringement Litigation
On November 13, 2003, Toshiba Corporation filed suit in the United States District Court in Delaware against us, alleging that certain of our products infringed several Toshiba patents, and seeking an injunction and unspecified damages. A Markman hearing was held in April 2006, and a ruling favorable to us was issued on June 28, 2006. Based on the ruling, Toshiba stipulated to non-infringement of the asserted patents and subsequently appealed the ruling to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. The appeal was heard by the Federal Circuit on July 11, 2007, and on September 6, 2007, the court issued a ruling affirming the District Court’s finding of non-infringement. On September 13, 2007, Juniper Networks and Toshiba entered into a written settlement agreement and the case was subsequently dismissed with prejudice upon a joint motion filed by the parties.
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IRS Notices of Proposed Adjustments
The IRS has concluded an audit of our federal income tax returns for fiscal years 1999 and 2000. During 2004, we received a Notice of Proposed Adjustment (“NOPA”) from the IRS. While the final resolution of the issues raised in the NOPA is uncertain, we do not believe that the outcome of this matter will have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position or results of operations. We are also under routine examination by certain state and non-US tax authorities. We believe that we have adequately provided for any reasonably foreseeable outcome related to these audits.
In conjunction with the IRS income tax audit, certain of our US payroll tax returns were examined for fiscal years 1999 — 2001, and we received a second NOPA in the amount of $11.7 million for employment tax assessments primarily related to the timing of tax deposits related to employee stock option exercises. We agreed to settle this issue with the IRS through the appeals process for approximately $2.7 million and made this payment in the second quarter of 2007.
In the third quarter of 2007, the IRS opened an examination of our U.S. federal income tax and employment tax returns for the 2004 fiscal year. Subsequent to September 30, 2007, the IRS extended their examination of our employment tax returns to include fiscal years 2005 and 2006.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
The risk factors included herein include any material changes to and supersedes the description of the risk factors associated with our business previously disclosed in Item 1A to Part I of our 2006 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Investments in equity securities of publicly traded companies involve significant risks. The market price of our stock reflects a higher multiple of expected future earnings than many other companies. Accordingly, even small changes in investor expectations for our future growth and earnings, whether as a result of actual or rumored financial or operating results, changes in the mix of the products and services sold, acquisitions, industry changes or other factors, could trigger, and have triggered, significant fluctuations in the market price of our common stock. Investors in our securities should carefully consider all of the relevant factors, including, but not limited to, the following factors, that could affect our stock price.
Our quarterly results are inherently unpredictable and subject to substantial fluctuations and, as a result, we may fail to meet the expectations of securities analysts and investors, which could adversely affect the trading price of our common stock.
Our revenues and operating results may vary significantly from quarter to quarter due to a number of factors, many of which are outside of our control and any of which may cause our stock price to fluctuate.
The factors that may affect the unpredictability of our quarterly results include, but are not limited to, limited visibility into customer spending plans, changes in the mix of products sold, changing market conditions, including current and potential customer consolidation, competition, customer concentration, long sales and implementation cycles, regional economic and political conditions and seasonality. For example, many companies in our industry experience adverse seasonal fluctuations in customer spending patterns, particularly in the first and third quarters.
As a result, we believe that quarter-to-quarter comparisons of operating results are not necessarily a good indication of what our future performance will be. It is likely that in some future quarters, our operating results may be below the expectations of securities analysts or investors, in which case the price of our common stock may decline. Such a decline could occur, and has occurred in the past, even when we have met our publicly stated revenue and/or earnings guidance.
Telecommunications companies and other large companies generally require more onerous terms and conditions of their vendors. As we seek to sell more products to such customers, we may be required to agree to terms and conditions that may have an adverse effect on our business or ability to recognize revenues.
Telecommunications service provider companies and other large companies, because of their size, generally have had greater purchasing power and, accordingly, have requested and received more favorable terms, which often
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translate into more onerous terms and conditions for their vendors. As we seek to sell more products to this class of customer, we may be required to agree to such terms and conditions, which may include terms that affect the timing of our ability to recognize revenue and have an adverse effect on our business and financial condition. Consolidation among such large customers can further increase their buying power and ability to require onerous terms.
For example, many customers in this class have purchased products from other vendors who promised certain functionality and failed to deliver such functionality and/or had products that caused problems and outages in the networks of these customers. As a result, this class of customers may request additional features from us and require substantial penalties for failure to deliver such features or may require substantial penalties for any network outages that may be caused by our products. These additional requests and penalties, if we are required to agree to them, would affect our ability to recognize the revenues from such sales, which may negatively affect our business and our financial condition. For example, in April 2006, we announced that we would be required to defer a large amount of revenue from a customer due to the contractual obligations required by that customer.
For arrangements with multiple elements, vendor specific objective evidence of fair value is required in order to separate the components and to account for elements of the arrangement separately. Vendor specific objective evidence of fair value is based on the price charged when the element is sold separately. However, customers may require terms and conditions that make it more difficult or impossible for us to maintain vendor specific objective evidence of fair value for the undelivered elements to a similar group of customers, the result of which could cause us to defer the entire arrangement fees for a similar group of customers (product, maintenance, professional services, etc.) and recognize revenue only when the last element is delivered or if the only undelivered element is maintenance revenue would be recognized ratably over the contractual maintenance period which is generally one year but could be substantially longer.
A limited number of our customers comprise a significant portion of our revenues and increases the degree of customer concentration risk, and any decrease in revenue from these customers could have an adverse effect on our net revenues and operating results.
A substantial majority of our net revenues depend on sales to a limited number of customers and distribution partners. Nokia-Siemens Networks B.V. (“NSN”) and its predecessor companies contributed more than 10% of revenue in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007. Siemens AG and Ericsson Telekcom A.B. each accounted for greater than 10% of our net revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2006. Siemens individually accounted for greater than 10% of our net revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2007. This customer concentration increases the risk of quarterly fluctuations in our revenues and operating results. Any downturn in the business of our key customers or potential new customers could significantly decrease sales to such customers, which could adversely affect our net revenues and results of operations. In addition, there has been and continues to be consolidation in the telecommunications industry (for example, the acquisitions of AT&T Inc., MCI, Inc. and BellSouth Corporation) and consolidation among the large vendors of telecommunications equipment and services (for example, the combination of Alcatel and Lucent, the joint venture of Nokia-Siemens Networks and the acquisition of Redback by Ericsson). Such consolidation may cause our customers who are involved in these acquisitions to suspend or indefinitely reduce their purchases of our products or have other unforeseen consequences that could harm our business and operating results.
We expect gross margin to vary over time and our recent level of product gross margin may not be sustainable.
Our product gross margins will vary from quarter to quarter and the recent level of gross margins may not be sustainable and may be adversely affected in the future by numerous factors, including product mix shifts, increased price competition in one or more of the markets in which we compete, increases in material or labor costs, excess product component or obsolescence charges from our contract manufacturers, increased costs due to changes in component pricing or charges incurred due to component holding periods if our forecasts do not accurately anticipate product demand, warranty related issues, or our introduction of new products or entry into new markets with different pricing and cost structures.
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We rely on value-added resellers and distribution partners to sell our products, and disruptions to, or our failure to effectively develop and manage, our distribution channel and the processes and procedures that support it could adversely affect our ability to generate revenues from the sale of our products.
Our future success is highly dependent upon establishing and maintaining successful relationships with a variety of value-added reseller and distribution partners. The majority of our revenues are derived through value-added resellers and distributors, most of which also sell competitors’ products or their own competitive products. Our revenues depend in part on the performance of these partners. The loss of or reduction in sales to our value-added resellers or distributors could materially reduce our revenues. During 2006, Alcatel, a value-added reseller and a competitor of ours, acquired Lucent, one of our largest value-added resellers. In addition, in April 2007 our largest customer, Siemens, transferred its telecommunications business to Nokia-Siemens Networks, a joint venture between Siemens and Nokia. Our competitors may in some cases be effective in providing incentives to current or potential resellers and distributors to favor their products or to prevent or reduce sales of our products. If we fail to maintain relationships with our partners, fail to develop new relationships with value-added resellers and distributors in new markets or expand the number of distributors and resellers in existing markets, fail to manage, train or motivate existing value-added resellers and distributors effectively or if these partners are not successful in their sales efforts, sales of our products may decrease and our operating results would suffer.
In addition, we recognize a portion of our revenue based on a sell-through model using information provided by our distributors. If those distributors provide us with inaccurate or untimely information, the amount or timing of our revenues could be adversely impacted.
Further, in order to develop and expand our distribution channel, we must continue to scale and improve our processes and procedures that support it, and those processes and procedures may become increasingly complex and inherently difficult to manage. Our failure to successfully manage and develop our distribution channel and the processes and procedures that support it could adversely affect our ability to generate revenues from the sale of our products.
We face intense competition that could reduce our revenues and adversely affect our financial results.
Competition is intense in the markets that we address. The IP infrastructure market has historically been dominated by Cisco with other companies such as Alcatel-Lucent, Ericsson, Huawei, and Nortel providing products to a smaller segment of the market. In addition, a number of other small public and private companies have products or have announced plans for new products to address the same challenges that our products address.
In the service layer technologies market, we face intense competition from a broader group of companies including appliance vendors such as Cisco, Fortinet, F5 Networks, Nortel and Riverbed, and software vendors such as CheckPoint. In addition, a number of other small public and private companies have products or have announced plans for new products to address the same challenges that our products address.
In addition, actual or speculated consolidation among competitors, or the acquisition of our partners and resellers by competitors, can increase the competitive pressures faced by us. In this regard, Alcatel combined with Lucent in 2006 and Ericsson acquired Redback in 2007. A number of our competitors have substantially greater resources and can offer a wider range of products and services for the overall network equipment market than we do. If we are unable to compete successfully against existing and future competitors on the basis of product offerings or price, we could experience a loss in market share and revenues and/or be required to reduce prices, which could reduce our gross margins, and which could materially and adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition.
If we do not successfully anticipate market needs and develop products and product enhancements that meet those needs, or if those products do not gain market acceptance, we may not be able to compete effectively and our ability to generate revenues will suffer.
We cannot guarantee that we will be able to anticipate future market needs or be able to develop new products or product enhancements to meet such needs or to meet them in a timely manner. If we fail to anticipate market requirements or to develop new products or product enhancements to meet those needs, such failure could substantially decrease market acceptance and sales of our present and future products, which would significantly harm our business and financial results. Even if we are able to anticipate, develop and commercially introduce new products and enhancements, there can be no assurance that new products or enhancements will achieve widespread market acceptance. Any failure of our products to achieve market acceptance could adversely affect our business and financial results.
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If we fail to accurately predict our manufacturing requirements, we could incur additional costs or experience manufacturing delays which would harm our business.
We provide demand forecasts to our contract manufacturers. If we overestimate our requirements, the contract manufacturers may assess charges or we may have liabilities for excess inventory, each of which could negatively affect our gross margins. Conversely, because lead times for required materials and components vary significantly and depend on factors such as the specific supplier, contract terms and the demand for each component at a given time, if we underestimate our requirements, the contract manufacturers may have inadequate time or materials and components required to produce our products, which could increase costs or could delay or interrupt manufacturing of our products and result in delays in shipments and deferral or loss of revenues.
Our ability to process orders and ship products in a timely manner is dependent in part on our business systems and performance of the systems and processes of third parties such as our contract manufacturers, suppliers or other partners, as well as interfaces with the systems of such third parties. If our systems, the systems and processes of those third parties or the interfaces between them experience delays or fail, our business processes and our ability to build and ship products could be impacted, and our financial results could be harmed.
Some of our business processes depend upon our information technology systems, the systems and processes of third parties and on interfaces with the systems of third parties. For example, our order entry system feeds information into the systems of our contract manufacturers, which enables them to build and ship our products. If those systems fail or are interrupted, our processes may function at a diminished level or not at all. This could negatively impact our ability to ship products or otherwise operate our business, and our financial results could be harmed. For example, although it did not adversely affect our shipments, an earthquake in late December of 2006 disrupted communications with China, where a significant part of our manufacturing occurs.
We also rely upon the performance of the systems and processes of our contract manufacturers to build and ship our products. If those systems and processes experience interruption or delay, our ability to build and ship our products in a timely manner may be harmed. For example, as we have expanded our contract manufacturing base to China, we have experienced instances where our contract manufacturer was not able to ship products in the time periods expected by us. If we are not able to ship our products, our ability to recognize revenue in a timely manner for those products would be affected and our financial results could be harmed.
We are currently implementing upgrades to key internal IT systems, and problems with the design or implementation of these systems could interfere with our business and operations.
We have initiated a project to upgrade certain key internal IT systems, including our company-wide human resources management system and our enterprise resource planning (“ERP”) system. We have invested, and will continue to invest, significant capital and human resources in the design and implementation of these systems, which may be disruptive to our underlying business. Any disruptions or delays in the design and implementation of the new systems, particularly any disruptions or delays that impact our operations, could adversely affect our ability to process customer orders, ship products, provide services and support to our customers, bill and track our customers, fulfill contractual obligations, file SEC reports in a timely manner and otherwise run our business. Even if we do not encounter these adverse effects, the design and implementation of these new systems may be much more costly than we anticipated. If we are unable to successfully design and implement these new systems as planned, our financial position, results of operations and cash flows could be negatively impacted.
We are dependent on sole source and limited source suppliers for several key components, which makes us susceptible to shortages or price fluctuations in our supply chain and we may face increased challenges in supply chain management in the future.
With the current demand for electronic products, component shortages are possible and the predictability of the availability of such components may be limited. Growth in our business and the economy is likely to create greater pressures on us and our suppliers to accurately project overall component demand and to establish optimal component levels. If shortages or delays persist, the price of these components may increase, or the components may
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not be available at all. We may not be able to secure enough components at reasonable prices or of acceptable quality to build new products in a timely manner and our revenues and gross margins could suffer until other sources can be developed. For example, throughout the first quarter of 2006 we experienced component shortages that resulted in delays of shipments of product until late in the quarter and in an increase in our day sales outstanding. We currently purchase numerous key components, including ASICs, from single or limited sources. The development of alternate sources for those components is time consuming, difficult and costly. In addition, the lead times associated with certain components are lengthy and preclude rapid changes in quantities and delivery schedules. In the event of a component shortage or supply interruption from these suppliers, we may not be able to develop alternate or second sources in a timely manner. If, as a result, we are unable to buy these components in quantities sufficient to meet our requirements on a timely basis, we will not be able to deliver product to our customers, which would seriously impact present and future sales, which would, in turn, adversely affect our business.
In addition, the development, licensing or acquisition of new products in the future may increase the complexity of supply chain management. Failure to effectively manage the supply of key components and products would adversely affect our business.
We are dependent on contract manufacturers with whom we do not have long-term supply contracts, and changes to those relationships, expected or unexpected, may result in delays or disruptions that could cause us to lose revenue and damage our customer relationships.
We depend on independent contract manufacturers (each of which is a third party manufacturer for numerous companies) to manufacture our products. Although we have contracts with our contract manufacturers, those contracts do not require them to manufacture our products on a long-term basis in any specific quantity or at any specific price. In addition, it is time consuming and costly to qualify and implement additional contract manufacturer relationships. Therefore, if we should fail to effectively manage our contract manufacturer relationships or if one or more of them should experience delays, disruptions or quality control problems in our manufacturing operations, or if we had to change or add additional contract manufacturers or contract manufacturing sites, our ability to ship products to our customers could be delayed. Also, the addition of manufacturing locations or contract manufacturers would increase the complexity of our supply chain management. Moreover, an increasing portion of our manufacturing is performed in China and other countries and is therefore subject to risks associated with doing business in other countries. Each of these factors could adversely affect our business and financial results.
We are a party to lawsuits, which are costly to investigate and defend and, if determined adversely to us, could require us to pay damages or prevent us from taking certain actions, any or all of which could harm our business and financial condition.
We and certain of our current and former officers and current and former members of our board of directors are subject to various lawsuits. For example, we have been served with lawsuits related to the alleged backdating of stock options and other related matters, a description of which can be found above in Part II, Item 1 — Legal Proceedings. There can be no assurance that these or any actions that have been or may be brought against us will be resolved in our favor. Regardless of whether they are resolved in our favor, these lawsuits are, and any future lawsuits to which we may become a party will likely be, expensive and time consuming to investigate, defend and/or resolve. Such costs of investigation and defense, as well as any losses resulting from these claims, could significantly increase our expenses and adversely affect our profitability and cash flow.
In addition, we were party to a lawsuit which seeks to enjoin us from granting equity awards under our 2006 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2006 Plan”), as well as to invalidate all awards granted under such plan to date. The 2006 Plan is the only active plan under which we currently grant stock options and restricted stock units to our employees. If this lawsuit not resolved in our favor, we may be prevented from using the 2006 Plan to provide these equity awards to recruit new employees or to compensate existing employees, which would put us at a significant disadvantage to other companies that compete for workers in high technology industries such as ours. Accordingly, our ability to hire, retain and motivate current and prospective employees would be harmed, the result of which could negatively impact our business operations.
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Litigation or claims regarding intellectual property rights may be time consuming, expensive and require a significant amount of resources to prosecute, defend or make our products non-infringing.
Third parties have asserted and may in the future assert claims or initiate litigation related to patent, copyright, trademark and other intellectual property rights to technologies and related standards that are relevant to our products. The asserted claims and/or initiated litigation may include claims against us or our manufacturers, suppliers or customers, alleging infringement of their proprietary rights with respect to our products. Regardless of the merit of these claims, they have been and can be time-consuming, result in costly litigation and may require us to develop non-infringing technologies or enter into license agreements. Furthermore, because of the potential for high awards of damages or injunctive relief that are not necessarily predictable, even arguably unmeritorious claims may be settled for significant amounts of money. If any infringement or other intellectual property claim made against us by any third party is successful, if we are required to settle litigation for significant amounts of money, or if we fail to develop non-infringing technology or license required proprietary rights on commercially reasonable terms and conditions, our business, operating results and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected.
We are required to expense equity compensation given to our employees, which has reduced our reported earnings, will significantly harm our operating results in future periods and may reduce our stock price and our ability to effectively utilize equity compensation to attract and retain employees.
We historically have used stock options and other equity awards as a significant component of our employee compensation program in order to align employees’ interests with the interests of our stockholders, encourage employee retention, and provide competitive compensation packages. The Financial Accounting Standards Board has adopted changes that require companies to record a charge to earnings for employee stock option grants and other equity incentives. We adopted this standard effective January 1, 2006. By causing us to record significantly increased compensation costs, such accounting changes have reduced, and will continue to reduce, our reported earnings, will significantly harm our operating results in future periods, and may require us to reduce the availability and amount of equity incentives provided to employees, which may make it more difficult for us to attract, retain and motivate key personnel. Moreover, if securities analysts, institutional investors and other investors adopt financial models that include stock option expense in their primary analysis of our financial results, our stock price could decline as a result of reliance on these models with higher expense calculations. Each of these results could materially and adversely affect our business.
Matters related to the investigation into our historical stock option granting practices and the restatement of our financial statements may result in additional litigation, regulatory proceedings and government enforcement actions.
Our historical stock option granting practices and the restatement of our financial statements have exposed us to greater risks associated with litigation, regulatory proceedings and government enforcement actions. For more information regarding our current litigation and related inquiries, please see Part II, Item 1- “Legal Proceedings” as well as the other risk factors related to litigation set forth in this section. We have provided the results of our internal review and independent investigation to the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and the United States Attorney’s Office for the Northern District of California, and in that regard we have responded to formal and informal requests for documents and additional information. In August 2007, we announced that we entered into a settlement agreement with the SEC in connection with our historical stock option granting practices in which we consented to a permanent injunction against any future violations of the antifraud, reporting, books-and-records and internal control provisions of the federal securities laws. This settlement concludes the SEC’s formal investigation of the Company with respect to this matter. No assurance can be given regarding the outcomes from the current litigation or other possible actions relating to our past stock option practices. The resolution of these matters will be time consuming, expensive, and may distract management from the conduct of our business. Furthermore, if we are subject to adverse findings in litigation, we could be required to pay damages or penalties or have other remedies imposed, which could harm our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
In addition, while we believe that we have made appropriate judgments in determining the correct measurement dates for our stock option grants, the SEC may disagree with the manner in which we accounted for and reported, or not reported, the corresponding financial impact. Accordingly, there is a risk that we may have to further restate our prior financial statements, amend prior filings with the SEC, or take other actions not currently contemplated.
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If we fail to adequately evolve our financial and managerial control and reporting systems and processes, our ability to manage and grow our business will be negatively affected.
Our ability to successfully offer our products and implement our business plan in a rapidly evolving market depends upon an effective planning and management process. We will need to continue to improve our financial and managerial control and our reporting systems and procedures in order to manage our business effectively in the future. If we fail to continue to implement improved systems and processes, our ability to manage our business and results of operations may be negatively affected.
Our success depends upon our ability to effectively plan and manage our resources and restructure our business through rapidly fluctuating economic and market conditions.
Our ability to successfully offer our products and services in a rapidly evolving market requires an effective planning, forecasting, and management process to enable us to effectively scale our business and adjust our business in response to fluctuating market opportunities and conditions. In periods of market expansion, we have increased investment in our business by, for example, increasing headcount and increasing our investment in research and development and other parts of our business. Conversely, during 2001 and 2002, in response to downward trending industry and market conditions, we restructured our business and reduced our workforce. Many of our expenses, such as real estate expenses, cannot be rapidly or easily adjusted as a result of fluctuations in our business or numbers of employees. Moreover, rapid changes in the size of our workforce could adversely affect the ability to develop and deliver products and services as planned or impair our ability to realize our current or future business objectives.
We are exposed to fluctuations in currency exchange rates which could negatively affect our financial results and cash flows.
Because a majority of our business is conducted outside the United States, we are exposed to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. These fluctuations could have a material adverse impact on our financial results and cash flows.
Our sales and costs of revenues are primarily denominated in U.S. dollars. Our operating expenses are denominated in U.S. dollars as well as other foreign currencies including the Japanese Yen, Indian Rupee, British Pound and the Euro, related to our operations outside of the United States. An increase in the value of the U.S. dollar could increase the real cost to our customers of our products in those markets outside the United States where we sell in U.S. dollars, and a weakened dollar could increase the cost of local operating expenses and procurement of raw materials to the extent we must purchase components in foreign currencies. A decrease in the value of the U.S. dollar could also increase the real cost to us of our expenses in countries outside the United States.
Currently, we hedge only those currency exposures associated with certain assets and liabilities denominated in nonfunctional currencies and periodically will hedge anticipated foreign currency operating expenses. The hedging activities undertaken by us are intended to partially offset the impact of currency fluctuations. If our attempts to hedge against these risks are not successful, our net income could be adversely impacted.
Our ability to develop, market and sell products could be harmed if we are unable to retain or hire key personnel.
Our future success depends upon our ability to recruit and retain the services of executive, engineering, sales, marketing and support personnel. The supply of highly qualified individuals, in particular engineers in very specialized technical areas, or sales people specializing in the service provider and enterprise markets, is limited and competition for such individuals is intense. None of our officers or key employees is bound by an employment agreement for any specific term. The loss of the services of any of our key employees, the inability to attract or retain personnel in the future or delays in hiring required personnel, particularly engineers and sales people, and the complexity and time involved in replacing or training new employees, could delay the development and introduction of new products, and negatively impact our ability to market, sell or support our products.
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Fluctuating economic conditions make it difficult to predict revenues for a particular period and a shortfall in revenues may harm our operating results.
Our revenues depend significantly on general economic conditions and the demand for products in the markets in which we compete. Economic weakness, customer financial difficulties and constrained spending on network expansion have previously resulted (for example, in 2001 and 2002), and may in the future result, in decreased revenues and earnings and could negatively impact our ability to forecast and manage our contract manufacturer relationships. Economic downturns may also lead to restructuring initiatives and associated expenses and impairment of investments. In addition, our operating expenses are largely based on anticipated revenue trends and a high percentage of our expenses are, and will continue to be, fixed in the short-term. Uncertainty about future economic conditions makes it difficult to forecast operating results and to make decisions about future investments. Future economic weakness, customer financial difficulties and reductions in spending on network expansion could have a material adverse effect on demand for our products and consequently on our results of operations and stock price.
We sell our products to customers that use those products to build networks and IP infrastructure and, if the demand for network and IP systems does not continue to grow, then our business, operating results and financial condition could be adversely affected.
A substantial portion of our business and revenue depends on the growth of secure IP infrastructure and on the deployment of our products by customers that depend on the continued growth of IP services. As a result of changes in the economy and capital spending or the building of network capacity in excess of demand, all of which have in the past particularly affected telecommunications service providers, spending on IP infrastructure can vary, which could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial results. In addition, a number of our existing customers are evaluating the build out of their next generation network, or NGN. During the decision making period when the customers are determining the design of those networks and the selection of the equipment they will use in those networks, such customers may greatly reduce or suspend their spending on secure IP infrastructure. Such pauses in purchases can make it more difficult to predict revenues from such customers, can cause fluctuations in the level of spending by these customers and, even where our products are ultimately selected, can have a material adverse effect on our business and financial results.
The long sales and implementation cycles for our products, as well as our expectation that some customers will sporadically place large orders with short lead times, may cause our revenues and operating results to vary significantly from quarter to quarter.
A customer’s decision to purchase certain of our products involves a significant commitment of its resources and a lengthy evaluation and product qualification process. As a result, the sales cycle may be lengthy. In particular, customers making critical decisions regarding the design and implementation of large or next-generation networks may engage in very lengthy procurement processes that may delay or impact expected future orders. Throughout the sales cycle, we may spend considerable time educating and providing information to prospective customers regarding the use and benefits of our products. Even after making the decision to purchase, customers may deploy our products slowly and deliberately. Timing of deployment can vary widely and depends on the skill set of the customer, the size of the network deployment, the complexity of the customer’s network environment and the degree of hardware and operating system configuration necessary to deploy the products. Customers with large networks usually expand their networks in large increments on a periodic basis. Accordingly, we may receive purchase orders for significant dollar amounts on an irregular basis. These long cycles, as well as our expectation that customers will tend to sporadically place large orders with short lead times, may cause revenues and operating results to vary significantly and unexpectedly from quarter to quarter.
Integration of past acquisitions and future acquisitions could disrupt our business and harm our financial condition and stock price and may dilute the ownership of our stockholders.
We have made, and may continue to make, acquisitions in order to enhance our business. In 2005 we completed the acquisitions of Funk, Acorn, Peribit, Redline and Kagoor. Acquisitions involve numerous risks, including problems combining the purchased operations, technologies or products, unanticipated costs, diversion of management’s attention from our core businesses, adverse effects on existing business relationships with suppliers and customers, risks associated with entering markets in which we have no or limited prior experience and potential loss of key
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employees. There can be no assurance that we will be able to successfully integrate any businesses, products, technologies or personnel that we might acquire. The integration of businesses that we have acquired has been, and will continue to be, a complex, time consuming and expensive process. For example, although we completed the acquisition of NetScreen in April 2004, integration of the NetScreen products is a continuing activity and will be for the foreseeable future. Acquisitions may also require us to issue common stock that dilutes the ownership of our current stockholders, assume liabilities, record goodwill and non-amortizable intangible assets that will be subject to impairment testing on a regular basis and potential periodic impairment charges, incur amortization expenses related to certain intangible assets, and incur large and immediate write-offs and restructuring and other related expenses, all of which could harm our operating results and financial condition.
In addition, if we fail in our integration efforts with respect to our acquisitions and are unable to efficiently operate as a combined organization utilizing common information and communication systems, operating procedures, financial controls and human resources practices, our business and financial condition may be adversely affected.
Our products are highly technical and if they contain undetected errors, our business could be adversely affected and we might have to defend lawsuits or pay damages in connection with any alleged or actual failure of our products and services.
Our products are highly technical and complex, are critical to the operation of many networks and, in the case of our security products, provide and monitor network security and may protect valuable information. Our products have contained and may contain one or more undetected errors, defects or security vulnerabilities. Some errors in our products may only be discovered after a product has been installed and used by end customers. Any errors or security vulnerabilities discovered in our products after commercial release could result in loss of revenues or delay in revenue recognition, loss of customers and increased service and warranty cost, any of which could adversely affect our business and results of operations. In addition, we could face claims for product liability, tort or breach of warranty. Defending a lawsuit, regardless of its merit, is costly and may divert management’s attention. In addition, if our business liability insurance coverage is inadequate or future coverage is unavailable on acceptable terms or at all, our financial condition could be harmed.
A breach of network security could harm public perception of our security products, which could cause us to lose revenues.
If an actual or perceived breach of network security occurs in the network of a customer of our security products, regardless of whether the breach is attributable to our products, the market perception of the effectiveness of our products could be harmed. This could cause us to lose current and potential end customers or cause us to lose current and potential value-added resellers and distributors. Because the techniques used by computer hackers to access or sabotage networks change frequently and generally are not recognized until launched against a target, we may be unable to anticipate these techniques.
If our products do not interoperate with our customers’ networks, installations will be delayed or cancelled and could harm our business.
Our products are designed to interface with our customers’ existing networks, each of which have different specifications and utilize multiple protocol standards and products from other vendors. Many of our customers’ networks contain multiple generations of products that have been added over time as these networks have grown and evolved. Our products will be required to interoperate with many or all of the products within these networks as well as future products in order to meet our customers’ requirements. If we find errors in the existing software or defects in the hardware used in our customers’ networks, we may have to modify our software or hardware to fix or overcome these errors so that our products will interoperate and scale with the existing software and hardware, which could be costly and negatively impact our operating results. In addition, if our products do not interoperate with those of our customers’ networks, demand for our products could be adversely affected or orders for our products could be cancelled. This could hurt our operating results, damage our reputation and seriously harm our business and prospects.
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Governmental regulations affecting the import or export of products could negatively affect our revenues.
The United States and various other governments have imposed controls, export license requirements and restrictions on the import or export of some technologies, especially encryption technology. In addition, from time to time, governmental agencies have proposed additional regulation of encryption technology, such as requiring the escrow and governmental recovery of private encryption keys. Governmental regulation of encryption technology and regulation of imports or exports, or our failure to obtain required import or export approval for our products, could harm our international and domestic sales and adversely affect our revenues.
Due to the global nature of our operations, economic or social conditions or changes in a particular country or region could adversely affect our sales or increase our costs and expenses, which could have a material adverse impact on our financial condition.
We conduct significant sales and customer support operations directly and indirectly through our distributors and value-added resellers in countries throughout the world and also depend on the operations of our contract manufacturers and suppliers that are located inside and outside of the United States. Accordingly, our future results could be materially adversely affected by a variety of uncontrollable and changing factors including, among others, political or social unrest, natural disasters, epidemic disease, war, or economic instability in a specific country or region, trade protection measures and other regulatory requirements which may affect our ability to import or export our products from various countries, service provider and government spending patterns affected by political considerations and difficulties in staffing and managing international operations. Any or all of these factors could have a material adverse impact on our revenue, costs, expenses, results of operations and financial condition.
Our products incorporate and rely upon licensed third-party technology and if licenses of third-party technology do not continue to be available to us or become very expensive, our revenues and ability to develop and introduce new products could be adversely affected.
We integrate licensed third-party technology into certain of our products. From time to time, we may be required to license additional technology from third parties to develop new products or product enhancements. Third-party licenses may not be available or continue to be available to us on commercially reasonable terms. Our inability to maintain or re-license any third-party licenses required in our products or our inability to obtain third-party licenses necessary to develop new products and product enhancements, could require us to obtain substitute technology of lower quality or performance standards or at a greater cost, any of which could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We are subject to risks arising from our international operations.
We derive a majority of our revenues from our international operations, and we plan to continue expanding our business in international markets in the future. As a result of our international operations, we are affected by economic, regulatory and political conditions in foreign countries, including changes in IT spending generally, the imposition of government controls, changes or limitations in trade protection laws, unfavorable changes in tax treaties or laws, natural disasters, labor unrest, earnings expatriation restrictions, misappropriation of intellectual property, acts of terrorism and continued unrest in many regions and other factors, which could have a material impact on our international revenues and operations. In particular, in some countries we may experience reduced intellectual property protection. Moreover, local laws and customs in many countries differ significantly from those in the United States. In many foreign countries, particularly in those with developing economies, it is common for others to engage in business practices that are prohibited by our internal policies and procedures or United States regulations applicable to us. Although we implement policies and procedures designed to ensure compliance with these laws and policies, there can be no assurance that all of our employees, contractors and agents will not take actions in violations of them. Violations of laws or key control policies by our employees, contractors or agents could result in financial reporting problems, fines, penalties, or prohibition on the importation or exportation of our products and could have a material adverse effect on our business.
While we believe that we currently have adequate internal control over financial reporting, we are exposed to risks from legislation requiring companies to evaluate those internal controls.
Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 requires our management to report on, and our independent auditors to attest to, the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. We have an ongoing program to perform the system and process evaluation and testing necessary to comply with these requirements. We have and
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will continue to incur significant expenses and devote management resources to Section 404 compliance on an ongoing basis. In the event that our chief executive officer, chief financial officer or independent registered public accounting firm determine in the future that our internal controls over financial reporting are not effective as defined under Section 404, investor perceptions may be adversely affected and could cause a decline in the market price of our stock.
Regulation of the telecommunications industry could harm our operating results and future prospects.
The telecommunications industry is highly regulated and our business and financial condition could be adversely affected by changes in the regulations relating to the telecommunications industry. Currently, there are few laws or regulations that apply directly to access to or commerce on IP networks. We could be adversely affected by regulation of IP networks and commerce in any country where we operate. Such regulations could address matters such as voice over the Internet or using Internet Protocol, encryption technology, and access charges for service providers. In addition, regulations have been adopted with respect to environmental matters, such as the Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) and Restriction of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment (RoHS) regulations adopted by the European Union, as well as regulations prohibiting government entities from purchasing security products that do not meet specified local certification criteria. Compliance with such regulations may be costly and time-consuming for us and our suppliers and partners. The adoption and implementation of such regulations could decrease demand for our products, and at the same time could increase the cost of building and selling our products as well as impact our ability to ship products into affected areas and recognize revenue in a timely manner, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.
Our reported financial results could suffer if there is an additional impairment of goodwill or other intangible assets with indefinite lives.
We are required to annually test, and review on an interim basis, our goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives, including the goodwill associated with past acquisitions and any future acquisitions, to determine if impairment has occurred. If such assets are deemed impaired, an impairment loss equal to the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair value of the assets would be recognized. This would result in incremental expenses for that quarter which would reduce any earnings or increase any loss for the period in which the impairment was determined to have occurred. For example, such impairment could occur if the market value of our common stock falls below certain levels for a sustained period or if the portions of our business related to companies we have acquired fail to grow at expected rates or decline. In the second quarter of 2006, this impairment evaluation resulted in a reduction of $1,280.0 million to the carrying value of goodwill on our balance sheet for the SLT segment, primarily due to the decline in our market capitalization that occurred over a period of approximately nine months prior to the impairment review and, to a lesser extent, a decrease in the forecasted future cash flows used in the income approach. Further declines in our stock prices in the future as well as any marked decline in our level of revenues or gross margins increase the risk that goodwill and intangible assets may become impaired in future periods. We cannot accurately predict the amount and timing of any impairment of assets.
Changes in effective tax rates or adverse outcomes resulting from examination of our income or other tax returns could adversely affect our results.
Our future effective tax rates could be subject to volatility or adversely affected by earnings being lower than anticipated in countries where we have lower statutory rates and higher than anticipated earnings in countries where we have higher statutory rates; by changes in the valuation of our deferred tax assets and liabilities; by expiration of or lapses in the R&D tax credit laws; by transfer pricing adjustments related to certain acquisitions including the license of acquired intangibles under our intercompany R&D cost sharing arrangement; by tax effects of stock-based compensation; by costs related to intercompany restructurings; or by changes in tax laws, regulations, accounting principles, or interpretations thereof. In addition, we are subject to the continuous examination of our income tax returns by the Internal Revenue Service and other tax authorities. We regularly assess the likelihood of adverse outcomes resulting from these examinations to determine the adequacy of our provision for income taxes. There can be no assurance that the outcomes from these continuous examinations will not have an adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition.
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Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
There were no unregistered sales of equity securities during the period covered by this report.
(c) Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	Total Number	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	of Shares	 	 	 	 	 	 	Maximum Dollar	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	Purchased as	 	 	 	 	 	 	Value of Shares	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	Part of Publicly	 	 	 	 	 	 	that May Yet Be	 	
 	 	Total Number	 	 	Average	 	 	Announced	 	 	Average	 	 	Purchased	 	
 	 	of Shares	 	 	Price Paid	 	 	Plans or	 	 	Price Paid	 	 	Under the Plans or	 	
Period	 	Purchased(1)	 	 	per Share	 	 	Programs	 	 	per Share	 	 	Programs(1)	 	
July 1 — July 31, 2007	 	 	—	 	 	$	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	$	—	 	 	$	376,810,876	 	
August 1 — August 31, 2007	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	376,810,876	 	
September 1 — September 30, 2007	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	 	376,810,876	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total	 	 	—	 	 	$	—	 	 	 	—	 	 	$	—	 	 	$	376,810,876	 	

			
(1)	 	In February 2007, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a stock repurchase program. This program authorizes an increase of $1.0 billion under the stock repurchase program approved in July 2006. Coupled with the prior authorization of $1.0 billion announced in July 2006, the Company’s current stock repurchase program is authorized to repurchase up to a total of $2.0 billion of its common stock. Purchases under this plan will be subject to a review of the circumstances in place at the time. Acquisitions under this stock repurchase program may be made from time to time as permitted by securities laws and other legal requirements. During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, the Company repurchased and retired 69,443,946 shares of common stock at an average price of $23.37 per share.	
Item 6. Exhibits
 	 	 	
Exhibit	 	 	
Number	 	Description of Document	
3.1	 	Juniper Networks, Inc. Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 27, 2001)	
 	 	 	
3.2	 	Amended and Restated Bylaws of Juniper Networks, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 14, 2003)	
 	 	 	
10.1	 	Summary of Compensatory Arrangements for Certain Officers announced on August 14, 2007 (incorporated by reference to Item 5.02 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 14, 2007)	
 	 	 	
10.2	 	Severance Agreement by and between the Company and Robyn M. Denholm effective as of August 14, 2007.	
 	 	 	
10.3	 	Change of Control Agreement by and between the Company and Robyn M. Denholm effective as of August 14, 2007.	
 	 	 	
31.1	 	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934	
 	 	 	
31.2	 	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934	
 	 	 	
32.1	 	Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	
 	 	 	
32.2	 	Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	
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Table of Contents
SIGNATURES
     Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant had duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 	 	 	 	 	
 	Juniper Networks, Inc.
November 9, 2007
 	 	
 	By:  	/s/ Robyn M. Denholm  	 	
 	 	Robyn M. Denholm 	 	
 	 	Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Duly Authorized Officer and Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) 	 	
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Exhibit Index
 	 	 	
Exhibit	 	 	
Number	 	Description of Document	
3.1	 	Juniper Networks, Inc. Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 27, 2001)	
 	 	 	
3.2	 	Amended and Restated Bylaws of Juniper Networks, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 14, 2003)	
 	 	 	
10.1	 	Summary of Compensatory Arrangements for Certain Officers announced on August 14, 2007 (incorporated by reference to Item 5.02 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 14, 2007)	
 	 	 	
10.2	 	Severance Agreement by and between the Company and Robyn M. Denholm effective as of August 14, 2007.	
 	 	 	
10.3	 	Change of Control Agreement by and between the Company and Robyn M. Denholm effective as of August 14, 2007.	
 	 	 	
31.1	 	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934	
 	 	 	
31.2	 	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934	
 	 	 	
32.1	 	Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	
 	 	 	
32.2	 	Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	

 

EXHIBIT 10.2
JUNIPER NETWORKS, INC.
SEVERANCE AGREEMENT
     This Severance Agreement (the “Agreement”) is made and entered into by and between Robyn Denholm (the “Employee”) and Juniper Networks, Inc., a Delaware Corporation (the “Company”), effective as of August 14, 2007 (the “Effective Date”).
RECITALS
     1. The Compensation Committee believes that it is imperative to provide the Employee with certain severance benefits upon certain terminations of employment. These benefits will provide the Employee with enhanced financial security and incentive and encouragement to remain with the Company.
     2. Certain capitalized terms used in the Agreement are defined in Section 6 below.
AGREEMENT
     NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants contained herein, the parties hereto agree as follows:
1. Term of Agreement . This Agreement shall terminate upon the later of (i) January 1, 2012 or (ii) if Employee is terminated involuntarily by Company without Cause prior to January 1, 2012, the date that all of the obligations of the parties hereto with respect to this Agreement have been satisfied.
2. At-Will Employment . The Company and the Employee acknowledge that the Employee’s employment is and shall continue to be at-will, as defined under applicable law, except as may otherwise be specifically provided by applicable law or under the terms of any written formal employment agreement or offer letter between the Company and the Employee (an “Employment Agreement”). This Agreement does not constitute an agreement to employ Employee for any specific time.
3. Severance Benefits and Obligations .
     (a) In the event the Employee is terminated involuntarily by Company without Cause, as defined below, and provided the Employee executes a full, effective release of claims, substantially in a form attached hereto as Exhibit A (“Release”), promptly following termination, the Employee will be entitled to receive the following severance benefits in a lump sum (less any withholding taxes): (i) an amount equal to six months of base salary (as in effect immediately prior to the termination) (ii) an amount equal to half of the Employee’s annual target bonus (as in effect immediately prior to the

 

termination) for the fiscal year in which the termination occurs and (iii) to the extent permitted to be continued under COBRA coverage, Company-paid health, dental and vision insurance coverage at the same level of coverage as was provided to such Employee immediately prior to the termination and at the same ratio of Company premium payment to Employee premium payment as was in effect immediately prior to the termination (the “Company-Paid Coverage”) for the period described in this section. If such coverage included the Employee’s dependents immediately prior to the termination, such dependents shall also be covered at Company expense. Company-Paid Coverage shall continue until the earlier of (i) six (6) months from the date of termination, or (ii) the date upon which the Employee and her dependents become covered under another employer’s group health, dental and vision insurance plans that provide Employee and her dependents with comparable benefits and levels of coverage. For purposes of Title X of the Consolidated Budget Reconciliation Act of 1985 (“COBRA”), the date of the “qualifying event” for Employee and her dependents shall be the date upon which the Company-Paid Coverage terminates. The severance payment in (i) and (ii) above to which Employee is entitled shall be paid by the Company to Employee in cash not later than 30 calendar days after the effective date of the Release. For purposes of this Agreement, “Cause” is defined as: (i) willfully engaging in gross misconduct that is demonstrably injurious to Company; (ii) willful act or acts of dishonesty or malfeasance undertaken by the individual; (iii) conviction of a felony; or (iv) willful and continued refusal or failure to substantially perform duties with Company (other than incapacity due to physical or mental illness); provided that the action or conduct described in clause (iv) above will constitute “Cause” only if such failure continues after the Company’s CEO or Board of Directors has provided the individual with a written demand for substantial performance setting forth in detail the specific respects in which it believes the individual has willfully and not substantially performed the individual’s duties thereof and has been provided a reasonable opportunity (to be not less than 30 days) to cure the same.
     (b) In the event Employee terminates her employment voluntarily for Good Reason, as defined below, and provided the Employee executes a full, effective release of claims, substantially in a form attached hereto as Exhibit A, promptly following termination, the Employee will be entitled to receive the following severance benefits in a lump sum (less any withholding taxes): (i) an amount equal to six months of base salary (as in effect immediately prior to the termination), (ii) an amount equal to half of the Employee’s annual target bonus (as in effect immediately prior to the termination) for the fiscal year in which the termination occurs, (iii) to the extent permitted to be continued under COBRA coverage, Company-paid health, dental and vision insurance coverage at the same level of coverage as was provided to such Employee immediately prior to the termination and at the same ratio of Company premium payment to Employee premium payment as was in effect immediately prior to the termination (the “Company-Paid Coverage”) for the period described in this section, (iv) provided no shares have otherwise vested under the restricted stock unit award granted to Employee upon her initial employment with the Company according to its terms, acceleration of vesting of such restricted stock units equal to the total number of shares covered by such award, multiplied by the number of full months of Employee’s service to the Company completed through the date of termination divided by 48, and (v) provided no shares have otherwise vested
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under the stock option award granted to Employee upon her initial employment with the Company according to its terms, acceleration of vesting of such options equal to the total number of shares covered by such award, multiplied by the number of full months of Employee’s service to JNI completed through the date of termination divided by 48. If the aforementioned benefits coverage included the Employee’s dependents immediately prior to the termination, such dependents shall also be covered at Company expense. Company-Paid Coverage shall continue until the earlier of (i) six (6) months from the date of termination, or (ii) the date upon which the Employee and her dependents become covered under another employer’s group health, dental and vision insurance plans that provide Employee and her dependents with comparable benefits and levels of coverage. For purposes of Title X of the Consolidated Budget Reconciliation Act of 1985 (“COBRA”), the date of the “qualifying event” for Employee and his or her dependents shall be the date upon which the Company-Paid Coverage terminates. The severance payment in (i) and (ii) above to which Employee is entitled shall be paid by the Company to Employee in cash not later than 30 calendar days after the effective date of the Release. For purposes of this Agreement, “Good Reason” is defined as the Company’s business operations or financial condition suffering a sustained material adverse effect as a result of any actions taken against the Company or its current officers by any U.S. government agency in connection with the inquiry into JNI’s historical stock option practices.
     (c) In addition, in the event Employee voluntarily terminates her employment for any reason other than for Good Reason, or if her employment is terminated by the Company with Cause, prior to the one (1) year anniversary of this Agreement, Employee will be responsible for repayment of the $250,000 hiring bonus to the Company (as described in Employee’s offer letter dated August 3, 2007) on a prorated basis where the amount to be repaid will be equal to the portion of the full year of service to the Company that is not completed.
          (d) Change of Control Benefits . In the event the Employee receives severance and other benefits pursuant to a change in control agreement that are greater than or equal to the amounts payable hereunder, then the Employee shall not be entitled to receive severance or any other benefits under this Agreement.
          (e) Internal Revenue Code Section 409A . Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, if the Employee is a “specified employee” under Code Section 409A and a delay in making any payment or providing any benefit under this Plan is required to avoid imposition of additional taxes under Code Section 409A, such payments shall not be made until after six (6) months following the date of the Employee’s separation from service as required by Code Section 409A.
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     4.  Successors .
          (a) The Company’s Successors . Any successor to the Company (whether direct or indirect and whether by purchase, merger, consolidation, liquidation or otherwise) to all or substantially all of the Company’s business and/or assets shall assume the obligations under this Agreement and agree expressly to perform the obligations under this Agreement in the same manner and to the same extent as the Company would be required to perform such obligations in the absence of a succession. For all purposes under this Agreement, the term “Company” shall include any successor to the Company’s business and/or assets which executes and delivers the assumption agreement described in this Section 7(a) or which becomes bound by the terms of this Agreement by operation of law. The term “Company” shall also include any direct or indirect subsidiary that is majority owned by Juniper Networks, Inc.
          (b) The Employee’s Successors . The terms of this Agreement and all rights of the Employee hereunder shall inure to the benefit of, and be enforceable by, the Employee’s personal or legal representatives, executors, administrators, successors, heirs, distributees, devisees and legatees.
     5.  Notice .
          (a) General . All notices and other communications required or permitted hereunder shall be in writing, shall be effective when given, and shall in any event be deemed to be given upon receipt or, if earlier, (a) five (5) days after deposit with the U.S. Postal Service or other applicable postal service, if delivered by first class mail, postage prepaid, (b) upon delivery, if delivered by hand, (c) one (1) business day after the business day of deposit with Federal Express or similar overnight courier, freight prepaid or (d) one (1) business day after the business day of facsimile transmission, if delivered by facsimile transmission with copy by first class mail, postage prepaid, and shall be addressed (i) if to Employee, at his or her last known residential address and (ii) if to the Company, at the address of its principal corporate offices (attention: Secretary), or in any such case at such other address as a party may designate by ten (10) days’ advance written notice to the other party pursuant to the provisions above.
     6.  Miscellaneous Provisions .
          (a) No Duty to Mitigate . The Employee shall not be required to mitigate the amount of any payment contemplated by this Agreement, nor shall any such payment be reduced by any earnings that the Employee may receive from any other source.
          (b) Waiver . No provision of this Agreement shall be modified, waived or discharged unless the modification, waiver or discharge is agreed to in writing and signed by the Employee and by an authorized officer of the Company (other than the Employee). No waiver by either party of any breach of, or of compliance with, any condition or provision of this Agreement by the other party shall be considered a waiver of any other condition or provision or of the same condition or provision at another time.
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          (c) Headings . All captions and section headings used in this Agreement are for convenient reference only and do not form a part of this Agreement.
          (d) Entire Agreement . This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement of the parties hereto and supersedes in their entirety all prior representations, understandings, undertakings or agreements (whether oral or written and whether expressed or implied) of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof.
          (e) Choice of Law . The validity, interpretation, construction and performance of this Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of California. The Superior Court of Santa Clara County and/or the United States District Court for the Northern District of California shall have exclusive jurisdiction and venue over all controversies in connection with this Agreement.
          (f) Severability . The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision or provisions of this Agreement shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision hereof, which shall remain in full force and effect.
          (g) Withholding . All payments made pursuant to this Agreement will be subject to withholding of applicable income and employment taxes.
          (h) Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together will constitute one and the same instrument.
     IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each of the parties has executed this Agreement, in the case of the Company by its duly authorized officer, as of the day and year set forth below.
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
COMPANY	 	JUNIPER NETWORKS, INC.	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	By:	 	/s/ Mitchell L. Gaynor	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Title:	 	Vice President and General Counsel	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Date:	 	August 29, 2007	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
EMPLOYEE	 	By:	 	/s/ Robyn Denholm	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Title:	 	EVP and Chief Financial Officer	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Date:	 	August 29, 2007	 	 	
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Exhibit A
Form of Release Agreement
AGREEMENT
AND GENERAL RELEASE
     This AGREEMENT AND GENERAL RELEASE of claims (“Agreement”) is entered into by and between Juniper Networks, Inc. (the “Company” or “Juniper”) and            (“EEE”). In consideration of the mutual promises contained herein, and for other good and sufficient consideration, receipt of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties agree as follows:
          (a) The Company agrees with EEE as follows:
               1. The effective date of EEE’s termination of employment with Juniper (the “Termination Date”) will be ___, or such earlier date as EEE may voluntarily resign. As of the Termination Date, all payments and benefits which EEE is or would be entitled to receive under this Agreement (other than amounts then accrued and owing) shall cease at that time, subject to COBRA conversion rights and the payment of any unused accrued PTO pay.
               2. EEE’s stock options shall continue to vest through the earlier of the date EEE voluntarily terminates EEE’s employment or the Termination Date. EEE’s ability to exercise EEE’s vested options following the termination of EEE’s employment agreement shall be governed by the provisions of EEE’s offer letter, stock option agreements and the provisions of the stock option plans, as applicable, pursuant to which such options were originally granted (the “Option Plan(s)”).
               3. As of the Termination Date, EEE will be entitled to receive a refund of any accrued but unused Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP) contributions.
               4. Provided this Agreement becomes effective and is not revoked under Section C10 and has not been breached by EEE, (i) Juniper will pay to EEE within the later of three days after the effective date of this Agreement or seven days after the Termination Date an amount equal to [the amounts set forth in the applicable offer letter or severance or change of control agreement] and (ii) with respect to the option for [___] shares of Common Stock granted on [___], the vesting shall accelerate by to [the amounts set forth in the applicable offer letter, severance or change of control agreement].
               5. EEE shall return to the Company all Company documents and any other Company property which EEE has in EEE’s possession, including, but not limited to, computer equipment, cellular telephone, Blackberry, Secure ID card and corporate credit card, all software and technical documents,
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Company files, notes, drawings, records, plans and forecasts, financial information, specifications, computer recorded information, tangible property, entry cards, identification badges and keys; any material of any kind which contains or embodies any proprietary or confidential information of the Company (and all reproductions thereof).
               6. Unless otherwise indicated, all required and authorized payroll deductions shall be withheld from all amounts to be paid to EEE under this Agreement. Except as set forth in EEE’s offer letter, no unearned bonuses or other incentive compensation will be due EEE. All unreimbursed travel and business expenses to which EEE is entitled to reimbursement as of the Termination Date will be promptly paid to EEE after submission of expense reports in accordance with standard Juniper policy.
          (b) EEE for EEE, and for EEE’s heirs, executors, administrators, assigns, and successors, agrees as follows:
               (i) To forever fully release, remise, acquit and discharge the Company, its predecessors and successors, and its subsidiaries, officers, directors, agents, attorneys, employees and assigns (hereafter collectively referred to as “Releasees”), and covenant not to sue or otherwise institute or cause to be instituted or any way participate in (except at the request of the Company) legal or administrative proceedings against Releasees with respect to any matter, including, without limitation, any matter arising out of or connected with EEE’s employment with the Company or the termination of that employment, including any and all liabilities, claims, demands, contracts, debts, obligations and causes of action of every nature, kind and description, in law, equity, or otherwise, whether or not now known or ascertained, which exist on or before the date that this Agreement becomes effective under Section C 10(d).
               1. That at all times in the future EEE will remain bound by the Juniper Employment, Confidential Information, Inventions Assignment and Arbitration Agreement previously executed by EEE (or any comparable employee inventions assignment and confidentiality agreement entered into with Juniper or any of its subsidiaries or affiliates). EEE agrees that for a period of twelve (12) months immediately following the termination of EEE’s relationship with Juniper, EEE shall not either solicit, induce, recruit, interview, or encourage any of the employees of Juniper or any of its subsidiaries, affiliates or parents, to leave their employment, or attempt to solicit, induce, or recruit employees of Juniper or any of its subsidiaries, affiliates or parents, either for EEE or for any other person or entity.
               (ii) That EEE and the Company shall not make any negative or disparaging remarks about EEE or as applicable, the Company, its officers, employees, directors, products, services or business practices.
               2. That EEE is waiving any rights EEE may have had or now has to pursue any and all remedies available to EEE under any employment-related cause of action against Releasees, including without limitation, claims of wrongful discharge, retaliation, emotional distress, defamation, fraud, breach of contract, breach of the covenant of good faith and fair dealing, violation of the provisions of the California Labor Code , the Employee Retirement Income Security Act, and any other laws and regulations relating to employment or termination of employment. EEE further acknowledges and expressly agrees that EEE is waiving any and all rights EEE may have had or now has to pursue any claim of discrimination, including but
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not limited to, any claim of discrimination or harassment based on sex, age, race, national origin, disability, or on any other basis, under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, as amended, the California Fair Employment and Housing Act, the California Constitution, the Equal Pay Act of 1963, the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, as amended, and all other laws and regulations relating to employment
               3. Notwithstanding any other term in this Agreement, the release contained in this Agreement shall not release (i) any obligations arising out of this Agreement, (ii) EEE’s right to indemnification to the fullest extent provided for in any contract, document or statute, (iii) EEE’s rights in and to any employee benefit plan (e.g. 401k Plan) to the fullest extent provided for in the applicable plan, (iv) EEE’s right to apply for unemployment insurance, and (v) EEE’s rights to EEE’s equity in the Company, including without limitation, EEE’s rights in and to her Company stock certificates, EEE’s right to exercise stock options, and EEE’s right to sell or otherwise dispose of her equity in the Company.
               4. That EEE will not, except as may be mandated by statutory or regulatory requirements or as may be required by legal process, disclose to others the fact or terms of this settlement, the amounts referred to in this Agreement, or the fact of the payment of said amounts, except that EEE may disclose that information to EEE’s immediate family members, attorneys, accountants, financial planners, tax advisors, banks or financial institutions or other professional advisors to whom the disclosure is necessary to effectuate the purposes for which EEE has consulted with such professional advisors or institutions. EEE may also disclose this Agreement and the contents of this Agreement to any government agency which requests a copy of this Agreement or the information contained in this Agreement. EEE understands that this covenant of non-disclosure is a material inducement to the Company for the making of this settlement and that, for the breach thereof the Company will be entitled to pursue its legal and equitable remedies, including, without limitation, the right to seek injunctive relief.
               7. That at Juniper’s request, EEE will execute on or after the Termination Date, releases essentially identical with those contained in Sections B1, B4 and B5 covering all periods through the Termination Date.
          B. The Company, on behalf of itself and its officers, directors and managing agents and EEE, for himself/herself, and EEE’s heirs, executors, administrators, assigns, and successors, jointly agree as follows:
               1. That nothing contained in this Agreement shall constitute or be treated as an admission by Releasees or EEE of liability, of any wrongdoing, or of any violation of law.
               2. That if any provision of this Agreement is found to be unenforceable, it shall not affect the enforceability of the remaining provisions and the court shall enforce all remaining provisions to the extent permitted by law.
               3. That except for the Employment Agreement, Confidential Information, Invention Assignment and Arbitration Agreement (and any comparable agreement) between the Company and EEE and except as expressly provided herein, this Agreement shall supersede and render null and void any and all prior agreements between the parties. The parties further agree that this Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties regarding the subject matter of this Agreement, and that this Agreement may be modified only in a written document executed by EEE and a duly authorized officer of the Company.
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               4. That, except as specifically set forth in this Agreement, this Agreement extends to all claims of every nature and kind, known or unknown, suspected or unsuspected, past or present, arising from or attributable to EEE’s employment with the Company or the termination of that employment, and that the Company and EEE hereby expressly waive any and all rights granted to them under Section 1542 of the California Civil Code (or any analogous state law or federal law or regulation), which reads as follows:
A general release does not extend to claims which the creditor does not know or suspect to exist in his favor at the time of executing the release, which, if known by him, must have materially affected his settlement with the debtor.
               5. That this Agreement shall bind and benefit EEE’s heirs, executors, administrators, successors, assigns, and each of them; it shall also bind and benefit the Company and its successors and assigns.
               6. That this Agreement shall be deemed to have been entered into in the State of California and shall be construed and interpreted in accordance with the laws of that state.
               7. That should there hereafter be any litigation between or among any of the parties to this Agreement alleging a breach of this Agreement or seeking enforcement of this Agreement, the prevailing party in such litigation shall be entitled to recover its or its reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs of such litigation from the other party, providing that in all cases, each party shall share bear responsibility for half of all JAMS filing and administrative fees, and half of all arbitrator’s fees.
               8. That each party hereby agrees to accept and assume the risk that any fact with respect to any matter covered by this Agreement may hereafter be found to be other than or different from the facts it believes at the time of this Agreement to be true, and agrees that this Agreement shall be and will remain effective notwithstanding any such difference in fact.
               9. That this Agreement may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall be an original, but all of which together shall constitute one agreement. Execution of a facsimile copy shall have the same force and effect as execution of an original, and a facsimile signature shall be deemed an original and valid signature.
               10. EEE hereby acknowledges and understands and EEE agrees that:
                    (1) EEE may have at least twenty-one (21) days after receipt of this Agreement within which EEE may review and consider it, discuss it with an attorney of EEE’s own choosing, and decide to execute or not execute this Agreement;
                    a) EEE has seven (7) days after the execution of this Agreement within which EEE may revoke this Agreement;
                    b) In order to revoke this Agreement, EEE must deliver to the Company’s General Counsel, Mitch Gaynor, on or before seven (7) days after the execution of this Agreement, a letter stating that EEE is revoking this Agreement; and
                    c) This Agreement shall not become effective or enforceable until after the expiration of seven (7) days following the date EEE executes this Agreement.
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               11. That they have read and understand this Agreement, and that they affix their signatures hereto voluntarily and without coercion. EEE further acknowledges that EEE has at least twenty-one (21) days within which to consider this Agreement, that EEE was advised by the Company to consult with an attorney of EEE’s own choosing concerning the waivers contained in and the terms of this Agreement, and that the waivers EEE has made and the terms EEE has agreed to herein are knowing, conscious and with full appreciation that EEE is forever foreclosed from pursuing any of the rights so waived.
               12. EEE has no duty to mitigate any breach by the Company of this Agreement, nor shall any such payment required by this Agreement be reduced by any earnings that EEE may receive from any other source.

Dated:                     	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	EEE	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Dated:                     	 	Juniper Networks, Inc.	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	By:	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Title: Vice President and General Counsel	 	 	
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EXHIBIT 10.3
JUNIPER NETWORKS, INC.
CHANGE OF CONTROL AGREEMENT
     This Change of Control Agreement (the “Agreement”) is made and entered into by and between Robyn Denholm (the “Employee”) and Juniper Networks, Inc., a Delaware Corporation (the “Company”), effective as of August 14, 2007 (the “Effective Date”).
RECITALS
     1. It is expected that the Company from time to time will consider the possibility of an acquisition by another company or other change of control. The Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”) recognizes that such consideration can be a distraction to the Employee and can cause the Employee to consider alternative employment opportunities. The Board has determined that it is in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders to assure that the Company will have the continued dedication and objectivity of the Employee, notwithstanding the possibility, threat or occurrence of a Change of Control (as defined herein) of the Company.
     2. The Board believes that it is in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders to provide the Employee with an incentive to continue her employment and to motivate the Employee to maximize the value of the Company upon a Change of Control for the benefit of its stockholders.
     3. The Board believes that it is imperative to provide the Employee with certain severance benefits upon certain terminations of employment following a Change of Control. These benefits will provide the Employee with enhanced financial security and incentive and encouragement to remain with the Company notwithstanding the possibility of a Change of Control.
     4. Certain capitalized terms used in the Agreement are defined in Section 6 below.
AGREEMENT
     NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants contained herein, the parties hereto agree as follows:
     1.  Term of Agreement . This Agreement shall terminate upon the later of (i) January 1, 2009 or (ii) if a Change of Control has occurred on or before January 1, 2009 (or if a definitive agreement relating to a Change in Control has been signed by the Company on or before Janaury 1, 2009 and the closing of that transaction occurs on or before April 1, 2009), the date that all of the obligations of the parties hereto with respect to this Agreement have been satisfied.
     2.  At-Will Employment . The Company and the Employee acknowledge that the Employee’s employment is and shall continue to be at-will, as defined under applicable law, except

 

as may otherwise be specifically provided under the terms of any written formal employment agreement or offer letter between the Company and the Employee (an “Employment Agreement”). If the Employee’s employment terminates for any reason, including (without limitation) any termination prior to a Change of Control, the Employee shall not be entitled to any payments, benefits, damages, awards or compensation other than as provided by this Agreement or under her Employment Agreement, or as may otherwise be available in accordance with the Company’s established employee plans.
     3.  Severance Benefits .
          (a) Involuntary Termination Other than for Cause or Voluntary Termination for Good Reason Following a Change of Control Period . If the Employee signs and does not revoke a a full, effective release of claims, substantially in a form attached hereto as Exhibit A,(the “Release”) and either (i) between the date that is four (4) months following a Change of Control and the date that is twelve (12) months following a Change of Control the Employee terminates her employment with the Company (or any parent or subsidiary of the Company) for “Good Reason” (as defined herein), provided however, that the grounds for Good Reason may arise at anytime within the twelve (12) months following the Change of Control, or (ii) within twelve (12) months following a Change of Control the Company (or any parent or subsidiary of the Company) terminates the Employee’s employment for other than “Cause” (as defined herein), then the Employee shall receive the following severance from the Company:
               (i)  Severance Payment . The Employee shall be entitled to receive a lump-sum severance payment (less applicable withholding taxes) equal to 100% of the Employee’s annual base salary (as in effect immediately prior to (A) the Change of Control, or (B) the Employee’s termination, whichever is greater) plus 100% of the Employee’s target bonus for the fiscal year in which the Change of Control or the Employee’s termination occurs, whichever is greater.
               (ii)  Equity Compensation Acceleration . One hundred percent (100%) of the then unvested Employee’s outstanding stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock units and other Company equity compensation awards (the “Equity Compensation Awards”) that vest based on time (such as an option that vests 25% on the first anniversary of grant and 1/48 th monthly thereafter) shall immediately vest and became exercisable (and any rights of repurchase by the Company or restriction on sale shall lapse). With respect to Equity Compensation Awards that vest wholly or in part based on factors other than time, such as performance (whether individual or based on external measures such as Company performance, market share, stock price, etc.), (i) any portion for which the measurement or performance period or performance measures have been completed and the resulting quantities have been determined or calculated, shall immediately vest and become exercisable (and any rights of repurchase by the Company or restriction on sale shall lapse) and (ii) the remaining portions shall immediately vest and become exercisable (and any rights of repurchase by the Company or restriction on sale shall lapse) in an amount equal to the number that would be calculated if the performance measures were achieved at the target level (for example, if the employee were granted 300 three year performance shares, where (a) the amount that can be earned is determined each year based on performance against annual performance targets but the entire amount vests at the end of the three years and (b) at target performance levels the employee could earn 1/3 of
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the amount each year and (c) the first year had been completed and the performance resulted in a calculation that 85 shares were earned and (d) the employee is terminated prior to the completion of year 2, then the amount that would vest and become immediately exercisable would be 285 shares — representing the 85 shares calculated for year 1 and the target amount of 100 shares for each of year 2 and year 3); provided however, that if there is no “target” number, then the number that vest shall be 100% of the amounts that could vest with respect to that measurement period. Any Company stock options and stock appreciation rights shall thereafter remain exercisable following the Employee’s employment termination for the period prescribed in the respective option and stock appreciation right agreements.
               (iii)  Continued Employee Benefits . To the extent permitted to be continued under COBRA coverage, Company-paid health, dental and vision insurance coverage at the same level of coverage as was provided to such Employee immediately prior to the Change of Control and at the same ratio of Company premium payment to Employee premium payment as was in effect immediately prior to the Change of Control (the “Company-Paid Coverage”). If such coverage included the Employee’s dependents immediately prior to the Change of Control, such dependents shall also be covered at Company expense. Company-Paid Coverage shall continue until the earlier of (i) twelve (12) months from the date of termination, or (ii) the date upon which the Employee and her dependents become covered under another employer’s group health, dental and vision insurance plans that provide Employee and her dependents with comparable benefits and levels of coverage. For purposes of Title X of the Consolidated Budget Reconciliation Act of 1985 (“COBRA”), the date of the “qualifying event” for Employee and her dependents shall be the date upon which the Company-Paid Coverage terminates.
          (b) Timing of Severance Payments . One half of the severance payment to which Employee is entitled shall be paid by the Company to Employee in cash not later than 30 calendar days after the effective date of the Release. The other half of the severance payment to which Employee is entitled shall be paid by the Company to Employee in cash not later than six months after the effective date of the Release. If the Employee should die before all amounts have been paid, such unpaid amounts shall be paid in a lump-sum payment (less any withholding taxes) to the Employee’s designated beneficiary, if living, or otherwise to the personal representative of the Employee’s estate.
          (c) Voluntary Resignation; Termination for Cause . If the Employee’s employment with the Company terminates (i) voluntarily by the Employee other than for Good Reason, or (ii) for Cause by the Company, then the Employee shall not be entitled to receive severance or other benefits except for those (if any) as may then be established under the Company’s then existing severance and benefits plans and practices or pursuant to other written agreements with the Company.
          (d) Termination Outside of Change of Control Period . In the event the Employee’s employment is terminated for any reason, either prior to the occurrence of a Change of Control or after the twelve (12) month period following a Change of Control, or if the Employee terminates for Good Reason within four months after a Change in Control, then the Employee shall be entitled to receive severance and any other benefits only as may
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then be established under the Company’s existing written severance and benefits plans and practices or pursuant to other written agreements with the Company.
          (e) Internal Revenue Code Section 409A . Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, if the Employee is a “specified employee” under Code Section 409A and a delay in making any payment or providing any benefit under this Plan is required to avoid imposition of additional taxes under Code Section 409A, such payments shall not be made until after six (6) months following the date of the Employee’s separation from service as required by Code Section 409A.
     4.  Conditional Nature of Severance Payments and Benefits .
          (a) Noncompete . Employee acknowledges that the nature of the Company’s business is such that if Employee were to become employed by, or substantially involved in, the business of a competitor of the Company during the twelve (12) months following the termination of Employee’s employment with the Company, it would be very difficult for Employee not to rely on or use the Company’s trade secrets and confidential information. Thus, to avoid the inevitable disclosure of the Company’s trade secrets and confidential information, Employee agrees and acknowledges that Employee’s right to receive the severance benefits set forth in Section 3(a) (to the extent Employee is otherwise entitled to such payments) shall be conditioned upon Employee not directly or indirectly engaging in (whether as an employee, consultant, agent, proprietor, principal, partner, stockholder, corporate officer, director or otherwise), nor having any ownership interested in or participating in the financing, operation, management or control of, any person, firm, corporation or business in Competition (as defined herein) with Company. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Employee may, without violating this Section 4, own, as a passive investment, shares of capital stock of a corporation or other entity that engages in Competition where the number of shares of such corporation’s capital stock that are owned by Employee represent less than three percent of the total number of shares of such entity’s capital stock outstanding.
          (b) Non-Solicitation . Until the date twelve (12) months after the termination of Employee’s employment with the Company for any reason, Employee agrees and acknowledges that Employee’s right to receive the severance payments set forth in Section 3(a) (to the extent Employee is otherwise entitled to such payments) shall be conditioned upon Employee neither directly nor indirectly soliciting, inducing, recruiting or encouraging an employee to leave his or her employment either for Employee or for any other entity or person with which or whom Employee has a business relationship.
          (c) Understanding of Covenants . Employee represents that she (i) is familiar with the foregoing covenants not to compete and not to solicit, and (ii) is fully aware of herobligations hereunder, including, without limitation, the reasonableness of the length of time, scope and geographic coverage of these covenants.
          (d) Remedy for Breach . Upon any breach of this section by Employee, all severance payments and benefits pursuant to this Agreement shall immediately cease and
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any stock options or stock appreciation rights then held by Employee shall immediately terminate and be without further force and effect, and Employee shall return all of the consideration paid by the Company under this Section 3 and remit any shares of Restricted Stock or shares purchased under stock options to the extent vesting accelerated under Section 3 above (or the profits from the sale of such shares if they are or have been sold).
     5.  Golden Parachute Excise Tax Best Results . In the event that the severance and other benefits provided for in this agreement or otherwise payable to Employee (a) constitute “parachute payments” within the meaning of Section 280G of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”) and (b) would be subject to the excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Code, then such benefits shall be either be:

 	(i)	 	delivered in full, or	
 		
 	(ii)	 	delivered as to such lesser extent which would result in no portion of such severance benefits being subject to excise tax under Section 4999 of the Code,	
whichever of the foregoing amounts, taking into account the applicable federal, state and local income and employment taxes and the excise tax imposed by Section 4999, results in the receipt by Employee, on an after-tax basis, of the greatest amount of benefits, notwithstanding that all or some portion of such benefits may be taxable under Section 4999 of the Code. Unless the Company and the Employee otherwise agree in writing, the determination of Employee’s excise tax liability and the amount required to be paid under this Section 5 shall be made in writing by the Company’s independent auditors who are primarily used by the Company immediately prior to the Change of Control (the “Accountants”). For purposes of making the calculations required by this Section 5, the Accountants may make reasonable assumptions and approximations concerning applicable taxes and may rely on reasonable, good faith interpretations concerning the application of Sections 280G and 4999 of the Code. The Company and the Employee shall furnish to the Accountants such information and documents as the Accountants may reasonably request in order to make a determination under this Section. The Company shall bear all costs the Accountants may reasonably incur in connection with any calculations contemplated by this Section 5.
     6.  Definition of Terms . The following terms referred to in this Agreement shall have the following meanings:
          (a) Cause . “Cause” shall mean (i) an act of personal dishonesty taken by the Employee in connection with her responsibilities as an employee and intended to result in substantial personal enrichment of the Employee, (ii) Employee being convicted of, or pleading nolo contendere to a felony, (iii) a willful act by the Employee which constitutes gross misconduct and which is injurious to the Company, (iv) following delivery to the Employee of a written demand for performance from the Company which describes the basis for the Company’s reasonable belief that the Employee has not substantially performed her duties, continued violations by the Employee of the Employee’s obligations to the Company which are demonstrably willful and deliberate on the Employee’s part.
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          (b) Change of Control . “Change of Control” means the occurrence of any of the following:
           (i) Any “person” (as such term is used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) becomes the “beneficial owner” (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under said Act), directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company representing fifty percent (50%) or more of the total voting power represented by the Company’s then outstanding voting securities; or
           (ii) Any action or event occurring within a two-year period, as a result of which fewer than a majority of the directors are Incumbent Directors. “Incumbent Directors” shall mean directors who either (A) are directors of the Company as of the date hereof, or (B) are elected, or nominated for election, to the Board with the affirmative votes of at least a majority of the Incumbent Directors at the time of such election or nomination (but shall not include an individual whose election or nomination is in connection with an actual or threatened proxy contest relating to the election of directors to the Company); or
           (iii) The consummation of a merger or consolidation of the Company with any other corporation, other than a merger or consolidation which would result in the voting securities of the Company outstanding immediately prior thereto continuing to represent (either by remaining outstanding or by being converted into voting securities of the surviving entity) at least fifty percent (50%) of the total voting power represented by the voting securities of the Company or such surviving entity outstanding immediately after such merger or consolidation; or
           (iv) The consummation of the sale, lease or other disposition by the Company of all or substantially all the Company’s assets.
          (c) Competition . means the development, marketing or sale of networking equipment or network security software or products in the United. For the avoidance of doubt, Competition includes, but is not limited to, Cisco Systems, Huawei, Alcatel, Checkpoint, and Foundry.
          (d) Disability . “Disability” shall mean that the Employee has been unable to perform her Company duties as the result of her incapacity due to physical or mental illness, and such inability, at least twenty-six (26) weeks after its commencement, is determined to be total and permanent by a physician selected by the Company or its insurers and acceptable to the Employee or the Employee’s legal representative (such Agreement as to acceptability not to be unreasonably withheld). Termination resulting from Disability may only be effected after at least thirty (30) days’ written notice by the Company of its intention to terminate the Employee’s employment. In the event that the Employee resumes the performance of substantially all of her duties hereunder before the termination of her employment becomes effective, the notice of intent to terminate shall automatically be deemed to have been revoked.
          (e) Good Reason . “Good Reason” means without the Employee’s express written consent (i) a material reduction of the Employee’s duties, title, authority or
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responsibilities, relative to the Employee’s duties, title, authority or responsibilities as in effect immediately prior to such reduction; provided, however , that a reduction in duties, title, authority or responsibilities solely by virtue of the Company being acquired and made part of a larger entity (as, for example, when the Chief Financial Officer of the Company remains the Chief Financial Officer of the subsidiary or business unit substantially containing the Company’s business following a Change of Control) shall not by itself constitute grounds for a “Voluntary Termination for Good Reason”; (ii) a substantial reduction of the facilities and perquisites (including office space and location) available to the Employee immediately prior to such reduction; (iii) a reduction by the Company in the base compensation or total target cash compensation of the Employee as in effect immediately prior to such reduction; (iv) a material reduction by the Company in the kind or level of benefits to which the Employee was entitled immediately prior to such reduction with the result that such Employee’s overall benefits package is significantly reduced; (v) the relocation of the Employee to a facility or a location more than forty (40) miles from such Employee‘s then present location.
     7.  Successors .
          (a) The Company’s Successors . Any successor to the Company (whether direct or indirect and whether by purchase, merger, consolidation, liquidation or otherwise) to all or substantially all of the Company’s business and/or assets shall assume the obligations under this Agreement and agree expressly to perform the obligations under this Agreement in the same manner and to the same extent as the Company would be required to perform such obligations in the absence of a succession. For all purposes under this Agreement, the term “Company” shall include any successor to the Company’s business and/or assets which executes and delivers the assumption agreement described in this Section 7(a) or which becomes bound by the terms of this Agreement by operation of law.
          (b) The Employee’s Successors . The terms of this Agreement and all rights of the Employee hereunder shall inure to the benefit of, and be enforceable by, the Employee’s personal or legal representatives, executors, administrators, successors, heirs, distributees, devisees and legatees.
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     8.  Notice .
          (a) General . All notices and other communications required or permitted hereunder shall be in writing, shall be effective when given, and shall in any event be deemed to be given upon receipt or, if earlier, (a) five (5) days after deposit with the U.S. Postal Service or other applicable postal service, if delivered by first class mail, postage prepaid, (b) upon delivery, if delivered by hand, (c) one (1) business day after the business day of deposit with Federal Express or similar overnight courier, freight prepaid or (d) one (1) business day after the business day of facsimile transmission, if delivered by facsimile transmission with copy by first class mail, postage prepaid, and shall be addressed (i) if to Employee, at her last known residential address and (ii) if to the Company, at the address of its principal corporate offices (attention: Secretary), or in any such case at such other address as a party may designate by ten (10) days’ advance written notice to the other party pursuant to the provisions above.
          (b) Notice of Termination . Any termination by the Company for Cause or by the Employee for Good Reason or Disability or as a result of a voluntary resignation shall be communicated by a notice of termination to the other party hereto given in accordance with Section 8(a) of this Agreement. Such notice shall indicate the specific termination provision in this Agreement relied upon, shall set forth in reasonable detail the facts and circumstances claimed to provide a basis for termination under the provision so indicated, and shall specify the termination date (which shall be not more than thirty (30) days after the giving of such notice). The failure by the Employee to include in the notice any fact or circumstance which contributes to a showing of Good Reason or Disability shall not waive any right of the Employee hereunder or preclude the Employee from asserting such fact or circumstance in enforcing her rights hereunder.
     9.  Miscellaneous Provisions .
          (a) No Duty to Mitigate . The Employee shall not be required to mitigate the amount of any payment contemplated by this Agreement, nor shall any such payment be reduced by any earnings that the Employee may receive from any other source.
          (b) Waiver . No provision of this Agreement shall be modified, waived or discharged unless the modification, waiver or discharge is agreed to in writing and signed by the Employee and by an authorized officer of the Company (other than the Employee). No waiver by either party of any breach of, or of compliance with, any condition or provision of this Agreement by the other party shall be considered a waiver of any other condition or provision or of the same condition or provision at another time.
          (c) Headings . All captions and section headings used in this Agreement are for convenient reference only and do not form a part of this Agreement.
          (d) Entire Agreement . This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement of the parties hereto and supersedes in their entirety all prior representations, understandings,
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undertakings or agreements (whether oral or written and whether expressed or implied) of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof.
          (e) Choice of Law . The validity, interpretation, construction and performance of this Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of California. The Superior Court of Santa Clara County and/or the United States District Court for the Northern District of California shall have exclusive jurisdiction and venue over all controversies in connection with this Agreement.
          (f) Severability . The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision or provisions of this Agreement shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision hereof, which shall remain in full force and effect.
          (g) Withholding . All payments made pursuant to this Agreement will be subject to withholding of applicable income and employment taxes.
          (h) Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together will constitute one and the same instrument.
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     IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each of the parties has executed this Agreement, in the case of the Company by its duly authorized officer, as of the day and year set forth below.
 	 	 	 	 	
COMPANY	 	JUNIPER NETWORKS, INC.	
 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	By:	 	/s/ Mitchell L. Gaynor	
 		
 	 	Title:	 	Vice President and General Counsel	
 		
 	 	Date:	 	August 29, 2007	
 	 	 	 	 	
EMPLOYEE	 	By:	 	/s/ Robyn Denholm	
 		
 	 	Title:	 	EVP and Chief Financial Officer	
 		
 	 	Date:	 	August 29, 2007	
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Exhibit A
Form of Release Agreement
AGREEMENT
AND GENERAL RELEASE
     This AGREEMENT AND GENERAL RELEASE of claims (“Agreement”) is entered into by and between Juniper Networks, Inc. (the “Company” or “Juniper”) and                      (“EEE”). In consideration of the mutual promises contained herein, and for other good and sufficient consideration, receipt of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties agree as follows:
          (a) The Company agrees with EEE as follows:
               1. The effective date of EEE’s termination of employment with Juniper (the “Termination Date”) will be                      , or such earlier date as EEE may voluntarily resign. As of the Termination Date, all payments and benefits which EEE is or would be entitled to receive under this Agreement (other than amounts then accrued and owing) shall cease at that time, subject to COBRA conversion rights and the payment of any unused accrued PTO pay.
               2. EEE’s stock options shall continue to vest through the earlier of the date EEE voluntarily terminates EEE’s employment or the Termination Date. EEE’s ability to exercise EEE’s vested options following the termination of EEE’s employment agreement shall be governed by the provisions of EEE’s offer letter, stock option agreements and the provisions of the stock option plans, as applicable, pursuant to which such options were originally granted (the “Option Plan(s)”).
               3. As of the Termination Date, EEE will be entitled to receive a refund of any accrued but unused Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP) contributions.
               4. Provided this Agreement becomes effective and is not revoked under Section C10 and has not been breached by EEE, (i) Juniper will pay to EEE within the later of three days after the effective date of this Agreement or seven days after the Termination Date an amount equal to [the amounts set forth in the applicable offer letter or severance or change of control agreement] and (ii) with respect to the option for [                      ] shares of Common Stock granted on [                      ], the vesting shall accelerate by to [the amounts set forth in the applicable offer letter, severance or change of control agreement].
               5. EEE shall return to the Company all Company documents and any other Company property which EEE has in EEE’s possession, including, but not limited to, computer equipment, cellular telephone, Blackberry, Secure ID card and corporate credit card, all software and technical documents,
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Company files, notes, drawings, records, plans and forecasts, financial information, specifications, computer recorded information, tangible property, entry cards, identification badges and keys; any material of any kind which contains or embodies any proprietary or confidential information of the Company (and all reproductions thereof).
               6. Unless otherwise indicated, all required and authorized payroll deductions shall be withheld from all amounts to be paid to EEE under this Agreement. Except as set forth in EEE’s offer letter, no unearned bonuses or other incentive compensation will be due EEE. All unreimbursed travel and business expenses to which EEE is entitled to reimbursement as of the Termination Date will be promptly paid to EEE after submission of expense reports in accordance with standard Juniper policy.
          (b) EEE for EEE, and for EEE’s heirs, executors, administrators, assigns, and successors, agrees as follows:
               (i) To forever fully release, remise, acquit and discharge the Company, its predecessors and successors, and its subsidiaries, officers, directors, agents, attorneys, employees and assigns (hereafter collectively referred to as “Releasees”), and covenant not to sue or otherwise institute or cause to be instituted or any way participate in (except at the request of the Company) legal or administrative proceedings against Releasees with respect to any matter, including, without limitation, any matter arising out of or connected with EEE’s employment with the Company or the termination of that employment, including any and all liabilities, claims, demands, contracts, debts, obligations and causes of action of every nature, kind and description, in law, equity, or otherwise, whether or not now known or ascertained, which exist on or before the date that this Agreement becomes effective under Section C 10(d).
               1. That at all times in the future EEE will remain bound by the Juniper Employment, Confidential Information, Inventions Assignment and Arbitration Agreement previously executed by EEE (or any comparable employee inventions assignment and confidentiality agreement entered into with Juniper or any of its subsidiaries or affiliates). EEE agrees that for a period of twelve (12) months immediately following the termination of EEE’s relationship with Juniper, EEE shall not either solicit, induce, recruit, interview, or encourage any of the employees of Juniper or any of its subsidiaries, affiliates or parents, to leave their employment, or attempt to solicit, induce, or recruit employees of Juniper or any of its subsidiaries, affiliates or parents, either for EEE or for any other person or entity.
               (ii) That EEE and the Company shall not make any negative or disparaging remarks about EEE or as applicable, the Company, its officers, employees, directors, products, services or business practices.
                      2. That EEE is waiving any rights EEE may have had or now has to pursue any and all remedies available to EEE under any employment-related cause of action against Releasees, including without limitation, claims of wrongful discharge, retaliation, emotional distress, defamation, fraud, breach of contract, breach of the covenant of good faith and fair dealing, violation of the provisions of the California Labor Code , the Employee Retirement Income Security Act, and any other laws and regulations relating to employment or termination of employment. EEE further acknowledges and expressly agrees that EEE is waiving any and all rights EEE may have had or now has to pursue any claim of discrimination, including but
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not limited to, any claim of discrimination or harassment based on sex, age, race, national origin, disability, or on any other basis, under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, as amended, the California Fair Employment and Housing Act, the California Constitution, the Equal Pay Act of 1963, the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, as amended, and all other laws and regulations relating to employment
               3. Notwithstanding any other term in this Agreement, the release contained in this Agreement shall not release (i) any obligations arising out of this Agreement, (ii) EEE’s right to indemnification to the fullest extent provided for in any contract, document or statute, (iii) EEE’s rights in and to any employee benefit plan (e.g. 401k Plan) to the fullest extent provided for in the applicable plan, (iv) EEE’s right to apply for unemployment insurance, and (v) EEE’s rights to EEE’s equity in the Company, including without limitation, EEE’s rights in and to her Company stock certificates, EEE’s right to exercise stock options, and EEE’s right to sell or otherwise dispose of her equity in the Company.
               4. That EEE will not, except as may be mandated by statutory or regulatory requirements or as may be required by legal process, disclose to others the fact or terms of this settlement, the amounts referred to in this Agreement, or the fact of the payment of said amounts, except that EEE may disclose that information to EEE’s immediate family members, attorneys, accountants, financial planners, tax advisors, banks or financial institutions or other professional advisors to whom the disclosure is necessary to effectuate the purposes for which EEE has consulted with such professional advisors or institutions. EEE may also disclose this Agreement and the contents of this Agreement to any government agency which requests a copy of this Agreement or the information contained in this Agreement. EEE understands that this covenant of non-disclosure is a material inducement to the Company for the making of this settlement and that, for the breach thereof the Company will be entitled to pursue its legal and equitable remedies, including, without limitation, the right to seek injunctive relief.
               7. That at Juniper’s request, EEE will execute on or after the Termination Date, releases essentially identical with those contained in Sections B1, B4 and B5 covering all periods through the Termination Date.
          B. The Company, on behalf of itself and its officers, directors and managing agents and EEE, for himself/herself, and EEE’s heirs, executors, administrators, assigns, and successors, jointly agree as follows:
               1. That nothing contained in this Agreement shall constitute or be treated as an admission by Releasees or EEE of liability, of any wrongdoing, or of any violation of law.
               2. That if any provision of this Agreement is found to be unenforceable, it shall not affect the enforceability of the remaining provisions and the court shall enforce all remaining provisions to the extent permitted by law.
               3. That except for the Employment Agreement, Confidential Information, Invention Assignment and Arbitration Agreement (and any comparable agreement) between the Company and EEE and except as expressly provided herein, this Agreement shall supersede and render null and void any and all prior agreements between the parties. The parties further agree that this Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties regarding the subject matter of this Agreement, and that this Agreement may be modified only in a written document executed by EEE and a duly authorized officer of the Company.
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               4. That, except as specifically set forth in this Agreement, this Agreement extends to all claims of every nature and kind, known or unknown, suspected or unsuspected, past or present, arising from or attributable to EEE’s employment with the Company or the termination of that employment, and that the Company and EEE hereby expressly waive any and all rights granted to them under Section 1542 of the California Civil Code (or any analogous state law or federal law or regulation), which reads as follows:
A general release does not extend to claims which the creditor does not know or suspect to exist in his favor at the time of executing the release, which, if known by him, must have materially affected his settlement with the debtor.
               5. That this Agreement shall bind and benefit EEE’s heirs, executors, administrators, successors, assigns, and each of them; it shall also bind and benefit the Company and its successors and assigns.
               6. That this Agreement shall be deemed to have been entered into in the State of California and shall be construed and interpreted in accordance with the laws of that state.
               7. That should there hereafter be any litigation between or among any of the parties to this Agreement alleging a breach of this Agreement or seeking enforcement of this Agreement, the prevailing party in such litigation shall be entitled to recover its or its reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs of such litigation from the other party, providing that in all cases, each party shall share bear responsibility for half of all JAMS filing and administrative fees, and half of all arbitrator’s fees.
               8. That each party hereby agrees to accept and assume the risk that any fact with respect to any matter covered by this Agreement may hereafter be found to be other than or different from the facts it believes at the time of this Agreement to be true, and agrees that this Agreement shall be and will remain effective notwithstanding any such difference in fact.
               9. That this Agreement may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall be an original, but all of which together shall constitute one agreement. Execution of a facsimile copy shall have the same force and effect as execution of an original, and a facsimile signature shall be deemed an original and valid signature.
               10. EEE hereby acknowledges and understands and EEE agrees that:
                    (1) EEE may have at least twenty-one (21) days after receipt of this Agreement within which EEE may review and consider it, discuss it with an attorney of EEE’s own choosing, and decide to execute or not execute this Agreement;
                    a) EEE has seven (7) days after the execution of this Agreement within which EEE may revoke this Agreement;
                    b) In order to revoke this Agreement, EEE must deliver to the Company’s General Counsel, Mitch Gaynor, on or before seven (7) days after the execution of this Agreement, a letter stating that EEE is revoking this Agreement; and
                    c) This Agreement shall not become effective or enforceable until after the expiration of seven (7) days following the date EEE executes this Agreement.
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               11. That they have read and understand this Agreement, and that they affix their signatures hereto voluntarily and without coercion. EEE further acknowledges that EEE has at least twenty-one (21) days within which to consider this Agreement, that EEE was advised by the Company to consult with an attorney of EEE’s own choosing concerning the waivers contained in and the terms of this Agreement, and that the waivers EEE has made and the terms EEE has agreed to herein are knowing, conscious and with full appreciation that EEE is forever foreclosed from pursuing any of the rights so waived.
               12. EEE has no duty to mitigate any breach by the Company of this Agreement, nor shall any such payment required by this Agreement be reduced by any earnings that EEE may receive from any other source.
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Dated:                     	 		 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	
 EEE	 	 	 	 	
Dated:                     	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	Juniper Networks, Inc.	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	By:	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	Title:	 	Vice President and General Counsel	 	 	
 -15- 

EXHIBIT 31.1
CERTIFICATION
I, Scott Kriens, certify that:

1.	 	I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Juniper Networks, Inc.;	

2.	 	Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;	

3.	 	Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;	

4.	 	The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:	

 	(a)	 	Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;	
 		
 	(b)	 	Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;	
 		
 	(c)	 	Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and	
 		
 	(d)	 	Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and	

5.	 	The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):	

 	(a)	 	All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and	
 		
 	(b)	 	Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.	

Date: November 9, 2007	 		

/s/ Scott Kriens  	 		
Scott Kriens 	 		
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer  	 		

 

 	 	 	 	 	
EXHIBIT 31.2
CERTIFICATION
I, Robyn M. Denholm, certify that:

1.	 	I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Juniper Networks, Inc.;	

2.	 	Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;	

3.	 	Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;	

4.	 	The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:	

 	(a)	 	Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;	
 		
 	(b)	 	Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;	
 		
 	(c)	 	Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and	
 		
 	(d)	 	Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and	

5.	 	The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):	

 	(a)	 	All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and	
 		
 	(b)	 	Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.	
 	 	 	 	 	
Date: November 9, 2007  	 		
 		
/s/ Robyn M. Denholm  	 		
Robyn M. Denholm 	 		
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer 	 		

 

 	 	 	 	 	
Exhibit 32.1
Certification of Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 As Adopted
Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
     I, Scott Kriens, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that the Quarterly Report of Juniper Networks, Inc. on Form 10-Q for the three months ended September 30, 2007 fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and that information contained in such Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q fairly presents in all material respects the financial condition and results of operations of Juniper Networks, Inc.

/s/ Scott Kriens  	 		
Scott Kriens 	 		
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
November 9, 2007 	 		

 

 	 	 	 	 	
Exhibit 32.2
Certification of Chief Financial Officer
Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 As Adopted
Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
     I, Robyn M. Denholm, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that the Quarterly Report of Juniper Networks, Inc. on Form 10-Q for the three months ended September 30, 2007 fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and that information contained in such Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q fairly presents in all material respects the financial condition and results of operations of Juniper Networks, Inc.

/s/ Robyn M. Denholm  	 		
Robyn M. Denholm 	 		
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
November 9, 2007