TAUBMAN CENTERS INC, 10-Q filed on 11/4/2014
Quarterly Report
Document and Entity Information Document
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2014
Nov. 3, 2014
Entity Information [Line Items]
 
 
Entity Registrant Name
TAUBMAN CENTERS INC. 
 
Entity Central Index Key
0000890319 
 
Current Fiscal Year End Date
--12-31 
 
Entity Filer Category
Large Accelerated Filer 
 
Document Type
10-Q 
 
Document Period End Date
Sep. 30, 2014 
 
Document Fiscal Year Focus
2014 
 
Document Fiscal Period Focus
Q3 
 
Amendment Flag
false 
 
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding
 
63,322,750 
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer
Yes 
 
Entity Voluntary Filers
No 
 
Entity Current Reporting Status
Yes 
 
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET (USD $)
In Thousands, unless otherwise specified
Sep. 30, 2014
Dec. 31, 2013
Assets (Note 2):
 
 
Properties
$ 3,143,649 
$ 4,485,090 
Accumulated depreciation and amortization
(951,736)
(1,516,982)
Real Estate Investment Property, Net
2,191,913 
2,968,108 
Investment in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures (Notes 2 and 4)
361,729 
327,692 
Cash and cash equivalents
45,725 
40,993 
Restricted cash (Note 5)
43,258 
5,046 
Accounts and notes receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $1,352 and $1,934 in 2014 and 2013
38,187 
73,193 
Accounts receivable from related parties
2,258 
1,804 
Deferred Costs and Other Assets
149,042 
89,386 
Assets of centers held for sale (Note 2)
780,063 
 
Total Assets
3,612,175 
3,506,222 
Liabilities (Note 2):
 
 
Notes payable (Note 5)
2,015,999 
3,058,053 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
275,211 
292,280 
Distributions in excess of investments in and net income of Unconsolidated Joint Ventures (Notes 2 and 4)
401,809 
371,549 
Liabilities of centers held for sale (Note 2)
652,068 
 
Total Liabilities
3,345,087 
3,721,882 
Commitments and contingencies (Notes 5, 7, 8, 9, and 10)
   
   
Equity (Note 6):
 
 
Series B Non-Participating Convertible Preferred Stock, $0.001 par and liquidation value, 40,000,000 shares authorized, 25,117,000 and 25,151,069 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013
25 
25 
Common Stock, $0.01 par value, 250,000,000 shares authorized, 63,319,539 and 63,101,614 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013
633 
631 
Additional paid-in capital
809,071 
796,787 
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (Note 13)
(9,258)
(8,914)
Dividends in excess of net income
(587,291)
(908,656)
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Parent
213,180 
(120,127)
Noncontrolling interests (Note 7)
53,908 
(95,533)
Stockholders' Equity, Including Portion Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest
267,088 
(215,660)
Total Liabilities and Equity
$ 3,612,175 
$ 3,506,222 
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET (Parenthetical) (USD $)
Sep. 30, 2014
Dec. 31, 2013
Allowance for doubtful accounts
$ 1,352,100 
$ 1,934,100 
Common stock, par value
$ 0.01 
$ 0.01 
Common stock, shares authorized
250,000,000 
250,000,000 
Common stock, shares issued
63,319,539 
63,101,614 
Common stock, shares outstanding
63,319,539 
63,101,614 
Series B Preferred Stock [Member]
 
 
Preferred Stock, par or value
$ 0.001 
$ 0.001 
Preferred Stock, liquidation preference per share
$ 0.001 
$ 0.001 
Preferred Stock, shares authorized
40,000,000 
40,000,000 
Preferred Stock, shares issued
25,117,000 
25,151,069 
Preferred Stock, shares outstanding
25,117,000 
25,151,069 
Series J Preferred Stock [Member]
 
 
Preferred Stock, par or value
$ 0 
$ 0 
Preferred Stock, liquidation preference
192,500,000 
192,500,000 
Preferred Stock, shares authorized
7,700,000 
7,700,000 
Preferred Stock, shares issued
7,700,000 
7,700,000 
Preferred Stock, shares outstanding
7,700,000 
7,700,000 
Series K Preferred Stock [Member]
 
 
Preferred Stock, par or value
$ 0 
$ 0 
Preferred Stock, liquidation preference
$ 170,000,000 
$ 170,000,000 
Preferred Stock, shares authorized
6,800,000 
6,800,000 
Preferred Stock, shares issued
6,800,000 
6,800,000 
Preferred Stock, shares outstanding
6,800,000 
6,800,000 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (USD $)
In Thousands, except Share data, unless otherwise specified
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2014
Sep. 30, 2013
Sep. 30, 2014
Sep. 30, 2013
Revenues:
 
 
 
 
Minimum rents
$ 96,691 
$ 103,501 
$ 291,113 
$ 309,043 
Percentage rents
5,263 
7,021 
11,019 
13,732 
Expense recoveries
63,527 
67,943 
187,439 
197,549 
Management, leasing, and development services
3,135 
8,753 
8,605 
13,954 
Other
7,428 
6,720 
22,631 
21,104 
Total Revenues
176,044 
193,938 
520,807 
555,382 
Expenses:
 
 
 
 
Maintenance, taxes, utilities, and promotion
52,184 
55,375 
148,955 
154,694 
Other operating
18,036 
19,295 
49,582 
53,950 
Management, leasing, and development service
1,539 
1,027 
4,520 
4,172 
General and administrative
11,369 
11,812 
34,493 
36,676 
Restructuring charge (Note 2)
3,031 
 
3,031 
 
Interest expense
23,382 
32,515 
74,946 
99,589 
Depreciation and amortization
24,553 
40,982 
96,521 
116,262 
Operating Expenses
134,094 
161,006 
412,048 
465,343 
Nonoperating income (expense) (Notes 2 and 8)
891 
(456)
(3,327)
1,831 
Income before income tax expense, equity in income of Unconsolidated Joint Ventures, and gain on dispositions, net of tax
42,841 
32,476 
105,432 
91,870 
Income tax expense (Note 3)
(683)
(1,453)
(1,693)
(2,715)
Equity in income of Unconsolidated Joint Ventures (Note 4)
14,479 
12,220 
41,222 
34,047 
Income before gain on dispositions, net of tax
56,637 
43,243 
144,961 
123,202 
Gain on dispositions, net of tax (Note 2)
   
 
476,887 
 
Net income
56,637 
43,243 
621,848 
123,202 
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests (Note 7)
(16,700)
(12,536)
(178,935)
(36,667)
Net income attributable to Taubman Centers, Inc.
39,937 
30,707 
442,913 
86,535 
Distributions to participating securities of TRG (Note 9)
(471)
(435)
(1,409)
(1,313)
Preferred stock dividends (Note 6)
(5,784)
(5,784)
(17,353)
(15,148)
Net income attributable to Taubman Centers, Inc. common shareowners
33,682 
24,488 
424,151 
70,074 
Other comprehensive income (Note 13):
 
 
 
 
Unrealized gain (loss) on interest rate instruments and other
2,593 
(1,984)
(11,994)
5,757 
Cumulative translation adjustment
(4,282)
5,086 
(2,432)
1,574 
Reclassification adjustment for amounts recognized in net income
2,599 
1,740 
14,073 
3,834 
Other comprehensive income (loss)
910 
4,842 
(353)
11,165 
Comprehensive income
57,547 
48,085 
621,495 
134,367 
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests
(16,969)
(13,900)
(178,956)
(40,064)
Comprehensive income attributable to Taubman Centers, Inc.
$ 40,578 
$ 34,185 
$ 442,539 
$ 94,303 
Basic earnings per common share (Note 11)
$ 0.53 
$ 0.38 
$ 6.71 
$ 1.10 
Diluted earnings per common share (Note 11)
$ 0.53 
$ 0.38 
$ 6.60 
$ 1.09 
Cash dividends declared per common share
$ 0.5400 
$ 0.5000 
$ 1.6200 
$ 1.5000 
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding – basic
63,317,680 
63,753,748 
63,249,400 
63,653,155 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (USD $)
In Thousands, except Share data, unless otherwise specified
Total
Preferred Stock [Member]
Common Stock [Member]
Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Member]
Accumulated Distributions in Excess of Net Income [Member]
Noncontrolling Interest [Member]
Balance at Dec. 31, 2012
$ (344,926)
$ 25 
$ 633 
$ 657,071 
$ (22,064)
$ (891,283)
$ (89,308)
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2012
 
33,027,699 
63,310,148 
 
 
 
 
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Conversion of Units
 
(168,627)
168,637 
 
 
 
 
Stock Issued During Period, Value, Conversion of Units
 
 
(2)
 
 
 
Repurchase of common stock (Note 6)
(21,189)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Preferred Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues
 
6,800,000 
 
 
 
 
 
Preferred Stock Issued During Period, Value, New Issues
164,395 
 
 
164,395 
 
 
 
Share-based compensation under employee and director benefit plans (Note 9)
7,514 
 
7,511 
 
 
 
Share-based compensation under employee and director benefit plans (in shares)
 
 
359,045 
 
 
 
 
Tax impact of share-based compensation (Note 3)
405 
 
 
405 
 
 
 
Noncontrolling Interest, Decrease from Redemptions or Purchase of Interests
(1,050)
 
 
1,050 
 
 
 
Adjustments of noncontrolling interests (Note 7)
 
 
5,995 
22 
 
(6,017)
Contributions from Noncontrolling Interests (excludes contribution from redeemable noncontrolling interests)
4,729 
 
 
 
 
 
4,729 
Dividends and distributions
(155,642)
 
 
 
 
(112,100)
 
Noncontrolling Interest, Decrease from Distributions to Noncontrolling Interest Holders
 
 
 
 
 
 
(43,542)
Other
(129)
 
 
 
 
(129)
 
Net income
123,202 
 
 
 
 
86,535 
36,667 
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Derivatives Arising During Period (excluding redeemable noncontrolling interests), Net of Tax
5,757 
 
 
 
3,981 
 
1,776 
Cumulative translation adjustment
1,574 
 
 
 
1,127 
 
447 
Reclassification adjustment for amounts recognized in net income
3,834 
 
 
 
2,660 
 
1,174 
Balance at Sep. 30, 2013
(211,526)
25 
635 
813,139 
(14,274)
(916,977)
(94,074)
Balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2013
 
39,659,072 
63,524,788 
 
 
 
 
Balance at Dec. 31, 2012
 
 
633 
657,071 
 
 
 
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2012
 
 
63,310,148 
 
 
 
 
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Stock Repurchased and Retired During Period, Shares
 
 
(313,042)
 
 
 
 
Repurchase of common stock (Note 6)
 
 
(3)
(21,186)
 
 
 
Noncontrolling Interest, Decrease from Redemptions or Purchase of Interests
 
 
 
1,050 
 
 
 
Balance at Dec. 31, 2013
(215,660)
25 
631 
796,787 
(8,914)
(908,656)
(95,533)
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2013
 
39,651,069 
63,101,614 
 
 
 
 
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Conversion of Units
 
(35,500)
35,500 
 
 
 
 
Stock Repurchased and Retired During Period, Shares
 
 
(266)
 
 
 
 
Repurchase of common stock (Note 6)
(17)
 
 
(17)
 
 
 
Share-based compensation under employee and director benefit plans (Note 9)
12,087 
 
12,085 
 
 
 
Share-based compensation under employee and director benefit plans (in shares)
 
 
182,691 
 
 
 
 
Tax impact of share-based compensation (Note 3)
71 
 
 
71 
 
 
 
Adjustments of noncontrolling interests (Note 7)
 
 
54 
29 
 
(83)
Contributions from Noncontrolling Interests (excludes contribution from redeemable noncontrolling interests)
22,346 
 
 
 
 
 
22,346 
Dividends and distributions
(173,055)
 
 
 
 
(121,268)
 
Stockholders' Equity, Other Shares
 
1,431 
 
 
 
 
 
Noncontrolling Interest, Decrease from Distributions to Noncontrolling Interest Holders
 
 
 
 
 
 
(51,787)
Other
(179)
 
 
91 
 
(280)
10 
Net income
621,848 
 
 
 
 
442,913 
178,935 
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Derivatives Arising During Period (excluding redeemable noncontrolling interests), Net of Tax
(11,994)
 
 
 
(8,478)
 
(3,516)
Cumulative translation adjustment
(2,432)
 
 
 
(1,741)
 
(691)
Reclassification adjustment for amounts recognized in net income
14,073 
 
 
 
9,846 
 
4,227 
Balance at Sep. 30, 2014
$ 267,088 
$ 25 
$ 633 
$ 809,071 
$ (9,258)
$ (587,291)
$ 53,908 
Balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2014
 
39,617,000 
63,319,539 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS (USD $)
In Thousands, unless otherwise specified
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2014
Sep. 30, 2013
Cash Flows From Operating Activities:
 
 
Net income
$ 621,848 
$ 123,202 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
96,521 
116,262 
Provision for bad debts
2,284 
1,868 
Gain on sale of peripheral land
 
(863)
Gain on sale of marketable securities
   
(1,323)
Gain on dispositions (Note 2)
(486,620)
 
Discontinuation of hedge accounting (Note 8)
5,507 
 
Other
7,637 
9,907 
Increase (decrease) in cash attributable to changes in assets and liabilities:
 
 
Receivables, restricted cash, deferred charges, and other assets
4,665 
357 
Accounts payable and other liabilities
(2,300)
19,701 
Net Cash Provided By Operating Activities
249,542 
269,111 
Cash Flows From Investing Activities:
 
 
Additions to properties
(292,523)
(193,027)
Issuances of notes receivable
 
(1,489)
Proceeds from sale of peripheral land
   
6,916 
Proceeds from sale of marketable securities
 
2,493 
Proceeds from dispositions, net of transaction costs (Note 2)
385,598 
 
Cash in escrow related to center construction projects (Note 5)
(39,630)
 
Repayments of notes receivable
7,304 
500 
Collection and release of TCBL related proceeds
 
12,903 
Contributions to Unconsolidated Joint Ventures (Note 2)
(44,109)
(120,676)
Distributions from Unconsolidated Joint Ventures in excess of income
6,591 
3,927 
Net Cash Provided By (Used In) Investing Activities
23,231 
(288,453)
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:
 
 
Debt proceeds
115,969 
183,964 
Debt payments
(226,944)
(145,112)
Debt issuance costs
(5,430)
(7,010)
Repurchase of common stock (Note 6)
(17)
(21,189)
Issuance of common stock and/or partnership units in connection with incentive plans
(792)
(3,422)
Issuance of Series K Preferred Stock, net of offering costs
   
164,395 
Redemption of redeemable noncontrolling interest (Note 7)
 
(1,050)
Distributions to noncontrolling interests
(51,787)
(43,542)
Distributions to participating securities of TRG
(1,409)
(1,313)
Contributions from noncontrolling interests
22,346 
4,729 
Cash dividends to preferred shareowners
(17,353)
(15,148)
Cash dividends to common shareowners
(102,624)
(95,640)
Net Cash Provided By (Used In) Financing Activities
(268,041)
19,662 
Net Increase In Cash and Cash Equivalents
4,732 
320 
Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Period
40,993 
32,057 
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period
$ 45,725 
$ 32,377 
Interim Financial Statements
Interim Financial Statements
Interim Financial Statements

General

Taubman Centers, Inc. (the Company or TCO) is a Michigan corporation that operates as a self-administered and self-managed real estate investment trust (REIT). The Taubman Realty Group Limited Partnership (the Operating Partnership or TRG) is a majority-owned partnership subsidiary of TCO that owns direct or indirect interests in all of the Company’s real estate properties. In this report, the term “Company" refers to TCO, the Operating Partnership, and/or the Operating Partnership's subsidiaries as the context may require. The Company engages in the ownership, management, leasing, acquisition, disposition, development, and expansion of regional and super-regional retail shopping centers and interests therein. The Company’s owned portfolio as of September 30, 2014 included 24 operating urban and suburban shopping centers in 12 states. In October 2014, the Company completed the sale of seven centers to an affiliate of Starwood Capital Group (Starwood) (Note 2). Subsequent to the sale, the Company no longer operates centers in North Carolina and Texas. Also in October 2014, The Mall at University Town Center opened in Sarasota, Florida (Note 2).

Taubman Properties Asia LLC and its subsidiaries (Taubman Asia), which is the platform for the Company’s expansion into China and South Korea, is headquartered in Hong Kong.

In April 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2014-08, "Reporting Discontinued Operations and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity." ASU No. 2014-08 changes the definition of a discontinued operation to include only those disposals of components of an entity that represent a strategic shift that has (or will have) a major effect on an entity's operations and financial results. ASU No. 2014-08 is effective prospectively for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2014, but can be early-adopted. The Company has early adopted ASU No. 2014-08 and will apply the revised definition to all disposals on a prospective basis.

The unaudited interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and related notes included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of the financial statements for the interim periods have been made. The results of interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results for a full year.

Dollar amounts presented in tables within the notes to the financial statements are stated in thousands, except share data or as otherwise noted.

Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements of the Company include all accounts of the Company, the Operating Partnership, and its consolidated subsidiaries, including The Taubman Company LLC (the Manager) and Taubman Asia. All intercompany transactions have been eliminated. The entities included in these consolidated financial statements are separate legal entities and maintain records and books of account separate from any other entity. However, inclusion of these separate entities in the consolidated financial statements does not mean that the assets and credit of each of these legal entities are available to satisfy the debts or other obligations of any other such legal entity included in the consolidated financial statements.

Investments in entities not controlled but over which the Company may exercise significant influence (Unconsolidated Joint Ventures or UJVs) are accounted for under the equity method. The Company has evaluated its investments in the Unconsolidated Joint Ventures under guidance for determining whether an entity is a variable interest entity and has concluded that the ventures are not variable interest entities. Accordingly, the Company accounts for its interests in these entities under general accounting standards for investments in real estate ventures (including guidance for determining effective control of a limited partnership or similar entity). The Company’s partners or other owners in these Unconsolidated Joint Ventures have substantive participating rights including approval rights over annual operating budgets, capital spending, financing, admission of new partners/members, or sale of the properties and the Company has concluded that the equity method of accounting is appropriate for these interests. Specifically, the Company’s 79% and 50.1% investments in Westfarms and International Plaza, respectively, are through general partnerships in which the other general partners have approval rights over annual operating budgets, capital spending, refinancing, or sale of the property.

Ownership

In addition to the Company’s common stock, there were three classes of preferred stock outstanding (Series B, J, and K) as of September 30, 2014. Dividends on the 6.5% Series J Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (Series J Preferred Stock) and the 6.25% Series K Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (Series K Preferred Stock) are cumulative and are paid on the last day of each calendar quarter. The Company owns corresponding Series J and Series K Preferred Equity interests in the Operating Partnership that entitle the Company to income and distributions (in the form of guaranteed payments) in amounts equal to the dividends payable on the Company’s Series J and Series K Preferred Stock. See "Note 6 - Equity Transactions" for further details on the Series K Preferred Stock issuance in 2013.

The Company also is obligated to issue to partners in the Operating Partnership other than the Company, upon subscription, one share of nonparticipating Series B Preferred Stock per each Operating Partnership unit. The Series B Preferred Stock entitles its holders to one vote per share on all matters submitted to the Company’s shareowners and votes together with the common stock on all matters as a single class. The holders of Series B Preferred Stock are not entitled to dividends or earnings. The Series B Preferred Stock is convertible into the Company’s common stock at a ratio of 14,000 shares of Series B Preferred Stock for one share of common stock.

Outstanding voting securities of the Company at September 30, 2014 consisted of 25,117,000 shares of Series B Preferred Stock and 63,319,539 shares of common stock.

The Operating Partnership

At September 30, 2014, the Operating Partnership’s equity included two classes of preferred equity (Series J and K) and the net equity of the partnership unitholders. Net income and distributions of the Operating Partnership are allocable first to the preferred equity interests, and the remaining amounts to the general and limited partners in the Operating Partnership in accordance with their percentage ownership. The Series J and Series K Preferred Equity are owned by the Company and are eliminated in consolidation.

The Company's ownership in the Operating Partnership at September 30, 2014 consisted of a 72% managing general partnership interest, as well as the Series J and Series K Preferred Equity interests. The Company's average ownership percentage in the Operating Partnership for both the nine months ended September 30, 2014 and 2013 was 72%. At September 30, 2014, the Operating Partnership had 88,454,989 partnership units outstanding, of which the Company owned 63,319,539 units.
Acquisitions, Dispositions, and Development
Mergers, Acquisitions and Dispositions Disclosures [Text Block]
Acquisitions, Dispositions, and Developments

Acquisitions

Purchase of U.S. Headquarters Building

In February 2014, the Company purchased the U.S. headquarters building located in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan for approximately $16.1 million from an affiliate of the Taubman family. In exchange for the building, the Company assumed the $17.4 million, 5.90% fixed rate loan on the building, issued 1,431 Operating Partnership units (and a corresponding number of shares of Series B Preferred Stock), and received $1.4 million in escrowed and other cash from the affiliate. A purchase accounting premium adjustment of $0.7 million, recorded to recognize the loan at fair value, is being amortized as a reduction to interest expense over the remaining term of the loan which matures April 1, 2015.

Redemption of Joint Venture Outlet Interest

In September 2013, the Company redeemed the outlet joint venture partner's 10% interest, which increased the Company's ownership to 100%. See "Note 7 - Noncontrolling Interests" for further details on the redemption.

Dispositions

Sale of Centers to Starwood

In June 2014, the Company entered into agreements with Starwood to dispose of a portfolio of seven centers. The following centers (Sale Centers) were included in the agreements: MacArthur Center in Norfolk, Virginia, Stony Point Fashion Park in Richmond, Virginia, Northlake Mall in Charlotte, North Carolina, The Mall at Wellington Green in Wellington, Florida, The Shops at Willow Bend in Plano, Texas, The Mall at Partridge Creek in Clinton Township, Michigan, and Fairlane Town Center in Dearborn, Michigan.

In October 2014, the Company completed the disposition of the Sale Centers for consideration of $1.403 billion, excluding transaction costs. After the prepayment or defeasance of $623 million of property-level debt and accrued interest and $44 million of transaction costs, net cash proceeds were $736 million. The Company's share of the net cash proceeds was $716 million.

The debt extinguished consisted of four loans: a $216 million loan secured by Northlake Mall at an interest rate of 5.41% maturing in February 2016, a $200 million loan secured by The Mall at Wellington Green at an interest rate of 5.44% maturing in May 2015, an amortizing loan of $128 million secured by MacArthur Center, which was swapped to a rate of 4.99% maturing in September 2020, and an amortizing loan of $78 million secured by The Mall at Partridge Creek at an interest rate of 6.15% maturing in July 2020.

As of September 30, 2014, the Company incurred $5.5 million of expenses, $5.2 million at TRG's beneficial share, related to the discontinuation of hedge accounting on the swap previously designated to hedge the MacArthur Center note payable. In addition, the Company incurred $1.0 million of disposition costs related to the Sale Centers as of September 30, 2014. These expenses are classified as Nonoperating Expense on the Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Income.

As a result of the sale, the Company underwent a restructuring plan to reduce its workforce across various areas of the organization during the third quarter of 2014. As of September 30, 2014, the Company incurred $3.0 million of expenses related to the reduction in workforce. These expenses are classified as Restructuring Charge on the Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Income. As of September 30, 2014, $2.3 million of restructuring costs were unpaid and remained accrued.

The carrying amounts of the major classes of assets and liabilities of the seven centers included as part of the disposal group classified as "held for sale" on the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2014 were as follows:
Assets:
 
Properties, net
$
754,180

Other assets
25,883

Total assets
$
780,063

 
 
Liabilities:
 
Notes payable
$
621,945

Other liabilities
30,123

Total liabilities
$
652,068



International Plaza

In January 2014, the Company sold a total of 49.9% of the Company's interests in the entity that owns International Plaza, including certain governance rights, for $499 million (excluding transaction costs), which consisted of $337 million of cash and approximately $162 million of beneficial interest in debt. A gain of $368 million (net of tax of $9.7 million) was recognized as a result of the transaction. The Company's ownership in the center decreased to a noncontrolling 50.1% interest, which is accounted for under the equity method subsequent to the disposition.

Arizona Mills

In January 2014, the Company completed the sale of its 50% interest in Arizona Mills, an Unconsolidated Joint Venture, and land in Syosset, New York related to the former Oyster Bay project, to Simon Property Group (SPG). The consideration, excluding transaction costs, consisted of $60 million of cash and 555,150 partnership units in Simon Property Group Limited Partnership. The number of partnership units received was determined based on a value of $154.91 per unit. The fair value of the partnership units recognized for accounting purposes was $77.7 million, after considering the one-year restriction on the sale of these partnership units. The number of partnership units subsequently increased to 590,124, in lieu of the Company's participation in a distribution of certain partnership units of another entity by SPG and Simon Property Group Limited Partnership. The increase in the number of partnership units was neutral to the market value of the Company's holdings as of the transaction date. The Company's investment in the partnership units is classified within Deferred Charges and Other Assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. As a result of the sale, the Company was relieved of its $84 million share of the $167 million mortgage loan outstanding on Arizona Mills at the time of the sale. A gain of $109 million was recognized as a result of the transaction.

U.S. Development

International Market Place

International Market Place, a 0.4 million square foot center is under construction in Waikiki, Honolulu, Hawaii. The center will be anchored by Saks Fifth Avenue and is expected to open in spring 2016. The Company owns a 93.5% interest in the project, which is subject to a participating ground lease. As of September 30, 2014, the Company's capitalized costs for the project were $85.0 million ($79.6 million at TRG's share).

The Mall of San Juan

The Mall of San Juan, a 0.7 million square foot center, is under construction in San Juan, Puerto Rico. The Company owns 80% of the project. The center will be anchored by Nordstrom and Saks Fifth Avenue and is expected to open in March 2015. As of September 30, 2014, the Company had capitalized costs of $321.9 million ($258.9 million at TRG's share).

The Mall at University Town Center

The Mall at University Town Center, a 0.9 million square foot center in Sarasota, Florida, opened in October 2014. The Company owns a 50% interest in the project. As of September 30, 2014, the Company had invested $138.2 million. This investment is classified within Investment in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Asia

CityOn.Zhengzhou

In 2013, the Company formed a joint venture with Beijing Wangfujing Department Store (Group) Co., Ltd (Wangfujing), one of China's largest department store chains. The joint venture owns a majority interest in and will manage an approximately 1.0 million square foot multi-level shopping center (CityOn.Zhengzhou) to be located in Zhengzhou, China. Through this joint venture, the Company beneficially owns a 32% interest in the shopping center, which is scheduled to open in spring 2016. As of September 30, 2014, the Company had invested $41.7 million in the project, as increased by $0.4 million of cumulative currency translation adjustments. The investment is classified within Investment in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

CityOn.Xi'an

In 2012, the Company formed a joint venture with Wangfujing. The joint venture will own a 60% controlling interest in and manage an approximately 1.0 million square foot shopping center (CityOn.Xi'an) to be located at Xi'an Saigao City Plaza, a large-scale mixed-use development in Xi'an, China. Through this joint venture, the Company will beneficially own a 30% interest in the shopping center, which is scheduled to open in late 2015. As of September 30, 2014, the Company had invested $58.2 million in the project, as increased by $1.1 million of cumulative currency translation adjustments. This investment is classified within Investment in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Hanam Union Square

In 2011, the Company formed a joint venture with Shinsegae Group, South Korea's largest retailer, to build an approximately 1.7 million square foot shopping mall (Hanam Union Square) in Hanam, Gyeonggi Province, South Korea, which is scheduled to open in late 2016. In August 2014, the Company partnered with a major institution in Asia to acquire an additional 19% stake from Shinsegae Group, increasing the partnership ownership interest to 49%. The new institutional partner owns 14.7% of the project, bringing the Company's effective ownership to 34.3%, an increase from the Company's previous 30% share. As of September 30, 2014, the Company had invested $127.8 million in the project, as increased by $2.9 million of cumulative currency translation adjustments. This investment is classified within Investment in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
Income Taxes
Income Taxes
Income Taxes

Income Tax Expense

The Company’s income tax expense (benefit) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014 and 2013 was as follows:

 
Three Months Ended September 30
 
Nine Months Ended September 30
 
2014

2013
 
2014
 
2013
State current
$
1

 
$
47

 
$
1,520

 
$
298

State deferred
(4
)
 
(34
)
 
(16
)
 
(59
)
Federal current
313

 
160

 
7,851

 
468

Federal deferred
(26
)
 
(38
)
 
1,139

 
251

Foreign current
399

 
1,353

 
980

 
1,983

Foreign deferred


 
(35
)
 
(48
)
 
(226
)
 
$
683


$
1,453


$
11,426


$
2,715

Less income tax expense allocated to Gain on Dispositions (1)


 
 
 
9,733

 
 
Total income tax expense
$
683

 
$
1,453

 
$
1,693

 
$
2,715



(1)
Amount represents the income taxes incurred as part of the Company's sale of interests in International Plaza in January 2014. The tax on the sale is classified within Gain on Dispositions, Net of Tax on the Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Income.

Deferred Taxes

Deferred tax assets and liabilities as of September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 were as follows:
 
2014
 
2013
Deferred tax assets:
 
 
 
Federal
$
1,607

 
$
2,746

Foreign
1,822

 
1,821

State
550

 
527

Total deferred tax assets
$
3,979

 
$
5,094

Valuation allowances
(1,783
)
 
(1,831
)
Net deferred tax assets
$
2,196

 
$
3,263

Deferred tax liabilities:
 
 
 

Federal
$
602

 
$
602

Foreign
474

 
449

State
91

 
107

Total deferred tax liabilities
$
1,167

 
$
1,158



The Company believes that it is more likely than not the results of future operations will generate sufficient taxable income to recognize the net deferred tax assets. These future operations are primarily dependent upon the Manager’s profitability, the timing and amounts of gains on peripheral land sales, the profitability of Taubman Asia's operations, and other factors affecting the results of operations of the Taxable REIT Subsidiaries. The valuation allowances relate to net operating loss carryforwards and tax basis differences where there is uncertainty regarding their realizability.

The Company realized a tax benefit as additional paid-in capital relating to the redemption of certain share-based compensation awards of $0.1 million and $0.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively. This benefit represents the amount of reduced Federal income tax attributed to the tax deduction that exceeds the recognized deferred tax asset relating to the awards, which was based on their cumulative book compensation cost. This excess tax deduction is due to changes in the fair value of the Company's shares between the grant date (the measurement date for book purposes) and the exercise date (the measurement date for tax purposes) of the awards.
Investments in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures
Investments in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures
Investments in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures

General Information

The Company owns beneficial interests in joint ventures that own shopping centers. The Operating Partnership is the sole direct or indirect managing general partner or managing member of Fair Oaks, International Plaza, Stamford Town Center, Sunvalley, and Westfarms. The Operating Partnership also provides certain management, leasing, and/or development services to the other shopping centers noted below.
Shopping Center
 
Ownership as of
September 30, 2014 and
December 31, 2013
 
 
 
Arizona Mills (1)
 
0/50%
CityOn.Xi'an (under construction)
 
Note 2
CityOn.Zhengzhou (under construction)
 
Note 2
Fair Oaks
 
50
Hanam Union Square (under construction)
 
Note 2
International Plaza (2)
 
50.1/100
The Mall at Millenia
 
50
Stamford Town Center
 
50
Sunvalley
 
50
The Mall at University Town Center (under construction) (3)
 
Note 2
Waterside Shops
 
50
Westfarms
 
79


(1)
In January 2014, the Company disposed of its 50% interest in Arizona Mills (Note 2). Prior to the disposition, Arizona Mills was accounted for as an Unconsolidated Joint Venture.
(2)
In January 2014, the Company sold a total of 49.9% of its interests in the entity that owns International Plaza. The disposition decreased the Company's ownership in the center to a noncontrolling 50.1% interest (Note 2). Prior to the disposition, International Plaza was accounted for as a consolidated center.
(3)
The Mall at University Town Center opened in October 2014.

The Company's carrying value of its Investment in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures differs from its share of the partnership or members’ equity reported in the combined balance sheet of the Unconsolidated Joint Ventures due to (i) the Company's cost of its investment in excess of the historical net book values of the Unconsolidated Joint Ventures and (ii) the Operating Partnership’s adjustments to the book basis, including intercompany profits on sales of services that are capitalized by the Unconsolidated Joint Ventures. The Company's additional basis allocated to depreciable assets is recognized on a straight-line basis over 40 years. The Operating Partnership’s differences in bases are amortized over the useful lives or terms of the related assets and liabilities.

In its Consolidated Balance Sheet, the Company separately reports its investment in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures for which accumulated distributions have exceeded investments in and net income of the Unconsolidated Joint Ventures. The net equity of certain joint ventures is less than zero because distributions are usually greater than net income, as net income includes non-cash charges for depreciation and amortization. In addition, any distributions related to refinancing of the centers further decrease the net equity of the centers.

The estimated fair value of the Unconsolidated Joint Ventures’ mortgage notes payable was $1.8 billion at September 30, 2014 and $1.5 billion at December 31, 2013. The methodology for determining this fair value is consistent with that used for determining the fair value of consolidated mortgage notes payable (Note 12).

Combined Financial Information

Combined balance sheet and results of operations information is presented in the following table for the Unconsolidated Joint Ventures, followed by the Operating Partnership's beneficial interest in the combined operations information. The combined information of the Unconsolidated Joint Ventures as of September 30, 2014 excluded the balances of Hanam Union Square, CityOn.Xi'an, and CityOn.Zhengzhou, which are currently under construction (Note 2). Beneficial interest is calculated based on the Operating Partnership's ownership interest in each of the Unconsolidated Joint Ventures.

 
September 30
2014
 
December 31
2013
Assets:
 
 
 
Properties
$
1,517,439

 
$
1,305,658

Accumulated depreciation and amortization
(539,451
)
 
(478,820
)
 
$
977,988

 
$
826,838

Cash and cash equivalents
28,763

 
28,782

Accounts and notes receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $1,364 and $977 in 2014 and 2013
29,399

 
33,626

Deferred charges and other assets
31,740

 
28,095

 
$
1,067,890

 
$
917,341

 
 
 
 
Liabilities and accumulated deficiency in assets:
 

 
 

Notes payable
$
1,785,602

 
$
1,551,161

Accounts payable and other liabilities
73,889

 
70,226

TRG's accumulated deficiency in assets
(453,452
)
 
(412,204
)
Unconsolidated Joint Venture Partners' accumulated deficiency in assets
(338,149
)
 
(291,842
)
 
$
1,067,890

 
$
917,341

 
 
 
 
TRG's accumulated deficiency in assets (above)
$
(453,452
)
 
$
(412,204
)
TRG's investment in properties under development (Note 2)
226,853

 
193,306

TRG basis adjustments, including elimination of intercompany profit
131,070

 
118,132

TCO's additional basis
55,449

 
56,909

Net investment in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures
$
(40,080
)
 
$
(43,857
)
Distributions in excess of investments in and net income of Unconsolidated Joint Ventures
401,809

 
371,549

Investment in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures
$
361,729

 
$
327,692

 
Three Months Ended September 30
 
Nine Months Ended September 30
 
2014
 
2013
 
2014
 
2013
Revenues
$
80,671

 
$
71,858

 
$
238,190

 
$
209,183

Maintenance, taxes, utilities, promotion, and other operating expenses
$
25,040

 
$
22,933

 
$
75,486

 
$
67,037

Interest expense
18,518

 
17,302

 
55,065

 
51,758

Depreciation and amortization
11,417

 
9,237

 
32,613

 
27,155

Total operating costs
$
54,975

 
$
49,472


$
163,164


$
145,950

Nonoperating income
(22
)
 
(1
)
 
(25
)
 
(1
)
Net income
$
25,674

 
$
22,385


$
75,001


$
63,232

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income attributable to TRG
$
14,258

 
$
12,402

 
$
41,319

 
$
35,103

Realized intercompany profit, net of depreciation on TRG’s basis adjustments
707

 
306

 
1,363

 
405

Depreciation of TCO's additional basis
(486
)
 
(488
)
 
(1,460
)
 
(1,461
)
Equity in income of Unconsolidated Joint Ventures
$
14,479

 
$
12,220


$
41,222


$
34,047

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beneficial interest in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures’ operations:
 

 
 

 
 
 
 
Revenues less maintenance, taxes, utilities, promotion, and other operating expenses
$
31,762

 
$
28,000

 
$
92,336

 
$
80,777

Interest expense
(10,006
)
 
(9,415
)
 
(29,805
)
 
(28,192
)
Depreciation and amortization
(7,277
)
 
(6,365
)
 
(21,309
)
 
(18,538
)
Equity in income of Unconsolidated Joint Ventures
$
14,479

 
$
12,220


$
41,222


$
34,047

Beneficial Interest in Debt and Interest Expense
Beneficial interest in Debt and Interest Expense
Beneficial Interest in Debt and Interest Expense

The Operating Partnership's beneficial interest in the debt, capitalized interest, and interest expense of its consolidated subsidiaries and its Unconsolidated Joint Ventures is summarized in the following table. The Operating Partnership's beneficial interest in the consolidated subsidiaries excludes debt and interest related to the noncontrolling interests in Cherry Creek Shopping Center (50%), The Mall at Wellington Green (10%), and MacArthur Center (5%). In October 2014, the Company disposed of The Mall at Wellington Green and MacArthur Center as part of the sale to Starwood (Note 2).

 
At 100%
 
At Beneficial Interest
 
Consolidated Subsidiaries
 
Unconsolidated Joint Ventures
 
Consolidated Subsidiaries
 
Unconsolidated Joint Ventures
Debt as of:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
September 30, 2014
$
2,637,941

(1
)
$
1,785,602

 
$
2,448,342

(1
)
$
984,512

December 31, 2013
3,058,053

 
1,551,161

 
2,891,592

 
868,942

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Capitalized interest:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2014
$
18,844

(2
)
$
2,836

 
$
18,136

 
$
1,430

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2013
11,511

(2
)
73

 
11,169

 
46

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest expense:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2014
$
74,946

 
$
55,065

 
$
68,687

 
$
29,805

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2013
99,589

 
51,578

 
93,049

 
28,192



(1)
The debt balance presented includes the debt of centers classified as held for sale as of September 30, 2014 (Note 2). The debt of centers held for sale was $622 million at 100% and $596 million at the Operating Partnership's beneficial interest at September 30, 2014. In October 2014, the Company disposed of the centers that were previously held for sale (Note 2).
(2)
The Company capitalizes interest costs incurred in funding its equity contributions to development projects accounted for as Unconsolidated Joint Ventures. The capitalized interest cost is included in the Company's basis in its investment in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures. Such capitalized interest reduces interest expense in the Company's Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Income and in the table above is included within Consolidated Subsidiaries.

2014 Financings

In April 2014, a $320 million construction facility was completed for The Mall of San Juan, a consolidated joint venture. The construction facility has an initial three-year term with two, one-year extension options. The loan is interest only for the entire term and bears interest at LIBOR plus 2.00%, which may decrease to LIBOR plus 1.75% upon achieving certain performance measures.

In March 2014, the maturity date on the Company's $65 million secondary revolving line of credit was extended through April 2016. All significant terms of the credit facility agreement remain unchanged as a result of the extension.

In January 2014, the Company used a portion of the proceeds from the sale of the total of 49.9% interests in the entity that owns International Plaza (Note 2) to pay off the $99.5 million mortgage note payable on Stony Point Fashion Park that was scheduled to mature in June 2014.

Debt Covenants

Certain loan agreements contain various restrictive covenants, including the following corporate covenants on the Company’s unsecured primary revolving line of credit, unsecured term loan, and the construction facilities on The Mall at University Town Center and The Mall of San Juan: a minimum net worth requirement, a maximum total leverage ratio, a maximum secured leverage ratio, a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio, a maximum recourse secured debt ratio and a maximum payout ratio. In addition, the Company’s primary revolving line of credit and term loan have unencumbered pool covenants, which currently apply to Beverly Center, Dolphin Mall, and Twelve Oaks Mall on a combined basis. These covenants include a minimum number and minimum value of eligible unencumbered assets, a maximum unencumbered leverage ratio, a minimum unencumbered interest coverage ratio and a minimum unencumbered asset occupancy ratio. As of September 30, 2014, the corporate minimum fixed charge coverage ratio is the most restrictive covenant. The Company was in compliance with all of its covenants and loan obligations as of September 30, 2014. The maximum payout ratio covenant limits the payment of distributions generally to 95% of funds from operations, as defined in the loan agreements, except as required to maintain the Company’s tax status, pay preferred distributions, and for distributions related to the sale of certain assets.

Upon the disposition of Fairlane Town Center and The Shops at Willow Bend in October 2014 (Note 2), these centers were removed from the primary revolving line of credit and term loan unencumbered asset pool. The Company does not expect that this will significantly affect the ability to meet the required covenants or the current $1.1 billion availability under the line of credit.

Guarantees

In connection with the financing of the construction facility at The Mall at University Town Center, which is owned by an Unconsolidated Joint Venture, the Operating Partnership provided an unconditional guarantee of 25% of the principal balance and 50% of all accrued but unpaid interest. The maximum amount of the construction facility is $225 million. The outstanding balance of The Mall at University Town Center construction financing facility as of September 30, 2014 was $155.6 million. Accrued but unpaid interest as of September 30, 2014 was $0.2 million. The principal guarantee may be reduced to 12.5% of the outstanding principal balance upon achievement of certain performance measures. Upon stabilization, the unconditional guarantee may be released. The Company believes the likelihood of a payment under the guarantee to be remote.

In connection with the financing of the construction facility at The Mall of San Juan, the Operating Partnership has provided an unconditional guarantee of the construction loan principal balance and all accrued but unpaid interest during the term of the loan. In addition, the Operating Partnership has provided a guarantee as to the completion of the center. The outstanding balance of The Mall of San Juan construction financing facility as of September 30, 2014 was $116.0 million. Accrued but unpaid interest as of September 30, 2014 was $0.1 million. The center is expected to open in March 2015 and the Company believes the likelihood of a payment under the guarantees to be remote.

Other

The Company is required to escrow cash balances for specific uses stipulated by certain of its lenders. As of September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the Company’s cash balances restricted for these uses were $43.3 million and $5.0 million, respectively. As of September 30, 2014, $39.6 million of the $43.3 million of restricted cash was required under certain debt agreements to be in escrow for certain major construction projects.
Equity Transactions
Stockholders' Equity Note Disclosure [Text Block]
Equity Transactions

In August 2013, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program under which the Company may repurchase up to $200 million of its outstanding common stock. The Company plans to repurchase shares from time to time on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions or otherwise, depending on market prices and other conditions. No stock repurchases were made during the third quarter of 2014. As of September 30, 2014, the Company repurchased 787,071 shares of its common stock at an average price of $66.45 per share for a total of $52.3 million under the authorization. All shares repurchased have been cancelled. For each share of the Company’s stock repurchased, an equal number of the Company’s Operating Partnership units are redeemed. Repurchases of common stock were financed through general corporate funds, including borrowings under existing lines of credit.

In March 2013, the Company issued 6,800,000 shares of 6.25% Series K Preferred Stock. Net proceeds from the offering were $164.4 million, net of offering costs of $5.6 million.
Noncontrolling Interests
Noncontrolling Interests
Noncontrolling Interests

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests

The Company's president of Taubman Asia (the Asia President) has an ownership interest in Taubman Asia, a consolidated subsidiary. The Asia President is entitled to 10% of Taubman Asia's dividends, with 85% of his dividends being withheld as contributions to capital. These withholdings will continue until he contributes and maintains his capital consistent with a 10% ownership interest, including all capital funded by the Operating Partnership for Taubman Asia's operating and investment activities subsequent to the Asia President obtaining his ownership interest. The Operating Partnership will have a preferred investment in Taubman Asia to the extent the Asia President has not yet contributed capital commensurate with his ownership interest. This preferred investment will accrue an annual preferential return equal to the Operating Partnership's average borrowing rate (with the preferred investment and accrued return together being referred to herein as the preferred interest). In April 2014, the Taubman Asia operating agreement was amended to provide that so long as the Taubman Asia President is employed by Taubman Asia on April 1, 2016, then during the month ended April 30, 2016, he will have the right to exercise an option to put up to 40% of his ownership interest for cash in December 2016 at a valuation determined as of October 31, 2016. In addition, under the amended agreement, Taubman Asia has the ability to call, and the Asia President has the ability to put, the Asia President’s ownership interest upon specified terminations of the Asia President’s employment, although such put or call right may not be exercised for specified time periods after certain termination events. The redemption price for the ownership interest is 50% (increasing to 100% as early as June 2017) of the fair value of the ownership interest less the amount required to return the Operating Partnership's preferred interest. The Company has determined that the Asia President's ownership interest in Taubman Asia qualifies as an equity award, considering its specific redemption provisions, and accounts for it as a contingently redeemable noncontrolling interest, with a carrying value of zero at September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013. Any adjustments to the redemption value are recorded through equity.

The Company owns a 93.5% controlling interest in a joint venture that is redeveloping International Market Place in Waikiki, Honolulu, Hawaii. The 6.5% joint venture partner has no obligation nor the right to contribute capital. The Company is entitled to a preferential return on its capital contributions. The Company has the right to purchase the joint venture partner's interest and the joint venture partner has the right to require the Company to purchase the joint venture partner's interest after the third anniversary of the opening of the center, and annually thereafter. The purchase price of the joint venture partner's interest will be based on fair value. Considering the redemption provisions, the Company accounts for the joint venture partner's interest as a contingently redeemable noncontrolling interest with a carrying value of zero at September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013. Any adjustments to the redemption value are recorded through equity.

In July 2010, the Company formed a joint venture that focused on developing and owning outlet shopping centers. The Company owned a 90% controlling interest, while the joint venture partner owned a 10% interest. The Company had been funding substantially all of the outlet business. In September 2013, the Company redeemed this partner's interest for $1.1 million as part of a negotiated transaction, an amount modestly less than the partner's previously contributed capital. The joint venture partner's interest was previously accounted for as a redeemable noncontrolling interest with a carrying value of zero. The redemption of this interest in a consolidated subsidiary was accounted for as an equity transaction.

Equity Balances of Nonredeemable Noncontrolling Interests

The net equity balance of the noncontrolling interests as of September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 included the following:
 
2014
 
2013
Non-redeemable noncontrolling interests:
 
 
 
Noncontrolling interests in consolidated joint ventures
$
(17,790
)
 
$
(37,191
)
Noncontrolling interests in partnership equity of TRG
71,698

 
(58,342
)
 
$
53,908

 
$
(95,533
)


Income Allocable to Noncontrolling Interests

Net income attributable to the noncontrolling interests for the three months ended September 30, 2014 and September 30, 2013 included the following:
 
2014
 
2013
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests:
 
 
 
Non-redeemable noncontrolling interests:
 
 
 
Noncontrolling share of income of consolidated joint ventures
$
2,643

 
$
2,198

Noncontrolling share of income of TRG
14,057

 
10,338

 
$
16,700

 
$
12,536



Net income attributable to the noncontrolling interests for the nine months ended September 30, 2014 and September 30, 2013 included the following:
 
2014
 
2013
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests:
 
 
 
Non-redeemable noncontrolling interests:
 
 
 
Noncontrolling share of income of consolidated joint ventures
$
8,013

 
$
6,752

Noncontrolling share of income of TRG
170,922

 
29,915

 
$
178,935


$
36,667



Equity Transactions

The following schedule presents the effects of changes in Taubman Centers, Inc.’s ownership interest in consolidated subsidiaries on Taubman Centers, Inc.’s equity for the nine months ended September 30, 2014 and September 30, 2013:
 
2014
 
2013
Net income attributable to Taubman Centers, Inc. common shareowners
$
424,151

 
$
70,074

Transfers (to) from the noncontrolling interest:
 

 
 

Increase in Taubman Centers, Inc.’s paid-in capital for adjustments of noncontrolling interest (1)
54

 
5,995

Decrease in Taubman Centers, Inc.’s paid-in capital related to the acquisition of additional ownership in the outlet joint venture
 
 
(1,050
)
Net transfers from noncontrolling interests
54

 
4,945

Change from net income attributable to Taubman Centers, Inc. and transfers from noncontrolling interests
$
424,205

 
$
75,019


(1)
In 2014 and 2013, adjustments of noncontrolling interests were made as a result of changes in the Company's ownership of the Operating Partnership in connection with the Company's share-based compensation under employee and director benefit plans (Note 9), issuances of stock pursuant to the Continuing Offer (Note 10), redemption of the outlet joint venture partner's interest in 2013, and stock repurchases (Note 6).

Finite Life Entities

Accounting Standards Codification Topic 480, “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity” establishes standards for classifying and measuring as liabilities certain financial instruments that embody obligations of the issuer and have characteristics of both liabilities and equity. At September 30, 2014, the Company held a controlling interest in a consolidated entity with a specified termination date in 2083. The noncontrolling owner's interest in this entity is to be settled upon termination by distribution or transfer of either cash or specific assets of the underlying entity. The estimated fair value of this noncontrolling interest was approximately $400 million at September 30, 2014, compared to a book value of $(22.5) million that is classified in Noncontrolling Interests in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet. The fair value of the noncontrolling interest was calculated as the noncontrolling interest's ownership share of the underlying property's fair value. The property's fair value was estimated by considering its in-place net operating income, current market capitalization rate, and mortgage debt outstanding.
Derivative and Hedging Activities
Derivative and Hedging Activities
Derivative and Hedging Activities

Risk Management Objective and Strategies for Using Derivatives

The Company uses derivative instruments, such as interest rate swaps and interest rate caps, primarily to manage exposure to interest rate risks inherent in variable rate debt and refinancings. The Company may also enter into forward starting swaps or treasury lock agreements to set the effective interest rate on a planned fixed-rate financing. The Company’s interest rate swaps involve the receipt of variable-rate amounts from a counterparty in exchange for the Company making fixed-rate payments over the life of the agreements without exchange of the underlying notional amount. Interest rate caps involve the receipt of variable-rate amounts from a counterparty if interest rates rise above the strike rate on the contract in exchange for an up-front premium. In a forward starting swap or treasury lock agreement that the Company cash settles in anticipation of a fixed rate financing or refinancing, the Company will receive or pay an amount equal to the present value of future cash flow payments based on the difference between the contract rate and market rate on the settlement date.

The Company does not use derivatives for trading or speculative purposes and, with the exception of the MacArthur Center swap, currently does not have any derivatives that are not designated as hedging instruments under the accounting requirements for derivatives and hedging.

As of September 30, 2014, the Company had the following outstanding interest rate derivatives that were designated and are expected to be effective as cash flow hedges of the interest payments on the associated debt.

Instrument Type

Ownership

Notional Amount

Swap Rate

Credit Spread on Loan

Total Swapped Rate on Loan

Maturity Date
Consolidated Subsidiaries:

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Receive variable (LIBOR) /pay-fixed swap (1)

100
%

$
200,000

 
1.64
%
 
1.35
%
(1) 
2.99
%
(1) 
February 2019
Receive variable (LIBOR) /pay-fixed swap (1)

100
%

175,000

 
1.65
%
 
1.35
%
(1) 
3.00
%
(1) 
February 2019
Receive variable (LIBOR) /pay-fixed swap (1)

100
%

100,000

 
1.64
%
 
1.35
%
(1) 
2.99
%
(1) 
February 2019
Unconsolidated Joint Ventures:

 


 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
Receive variable (LIBOR) /pay-fixed swap (2)

50
%

137,200

 
2.40
%
 
1.70
%
 
4.10
%
 
April 2018
Receive variable (LIBOR) /pay-fixed swap (2)

50
%

137,200

 
2.40
%
 
1.70
%
 
4.10
%
 
April 2018

(1)
The hedged forecasted transaction for each of these swaps is the first previously unhedged one-month LIBOR-indexed interest payments accrued and made each month on a debt principal amount equal to the swap notional, regardless of the specific debt agreement from which they may flow. The Company is currently using these swaps to manage interest rate risk on the $475 million TRG Term Loan. The credit spread on this loan can also vary within a range of 1.35% to 1.90%, depending on the Company's leverage ratio at the measurement date.
(2)
The notional amount on each of these swaps is equal to 50% of the outstanding principal balance of the loan on Fair Oaks.

Non-designated Derivatives

Derivatives not designated as hedges are not speculative and are used to manage the Company’s exposure to interest rate movements and other identified risks but do not meet the strict hedge accounting requirements. Changes in the fair value of derivatives not designated in hedging relationships are recorded directly in earnings.

In June 2014, in connection with entering into the Starwood Purchase and Sale Agreement (Note 2), the Company discontinued hedge accounting on the MacArthur Center swap and accelerated the reclassification of amounts in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (AOCI) to earnings as a result of it becoming probable that the center's debt would be early extinguished and the hedged interest payments would not occur. The accelerated amount was a loss of $4.9 million recorded as a component of Nonoperating Expense on the Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Income. The Company also recorded a gain of $0.2 million and a loss of $0.6 million to Nonoperating Expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014 for changes in the fair value of this swap subsequent to the June 2014 discontinuation of hedge accounting. As of September 30, 2014, this interest rate swap is classified in Liabilities of Centers Held for Sale on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. In October 2014, this swap was terminated and the debt was paid off with the proceeds from the sale to Starwood (Note 2). The following information relates to this swap as of September 30, 2014:

Instrument Type
 
Ownership
 
Notional Amount
 
Swap Rate
 
Credit Spread on Loan
 
Total Swapped Rate on Loan
 
Maturity Date
Consolidated Subsidiaries:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Receive variable (LIBOR) /pay-fixed swap (1)
 
95
%
 
$
128,100

 
2.64
%
 
2.35
%
 
4.99
%
 
September 2020

(1)
The notional amount on this swap was equal to the outstanding principal balance of the loan on MacArthur Center.

Cash Flow Hedges of Interest Rate Risk

For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as a cash flow hedge, the effective portion of the unrealized gain or loss on the derivative is reported as a component of Other Comprehensive Income (OCI). The ineffective portion of the change in fair value, if any, is recognized directly in earnings. Net realized gains or losses resulting from derivatives that were settled in conjunction with planned fixed-rate financings or refinancings continue to be included in AOCI during the term of the hedged debt transaction.

Amounts reported in AOCI related to currently outstanding derivatives are recognized as an adjustment to income as interest payments are made on the Company’s variable-rate debt. Realized gains or losses on settled derivative instruments included in AOCI are recognized as an adjustment to income over the term of the hedged debt transaction.

The Company expects that approximately $9.7 million of the AOCI of Taubman Centers, Inc. and the noncontrolling interests will be reclassified from AOCI and recognized as a reduction of income in the following 12 months.

The following tables present the effect of derivative instruments on the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014 and September 30, 2013. The tables include the amount of gains or losses on outstanding derivative instruments recognized in OCI in cash flow hedging relationships and the location and amount of gains or losses reclassified from AOCI into income resulting from outstanding derivative instruments and settled derivative instruments associated with hedged debt.

During the three months ended September 30, 2014 and September 30, 2013, the Company did not have any hedge ineffectiveness or amounts that were excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness recorded in earnings.
 
Amount of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in OCI on Derivative (Effective Portion)
 
Location of Gain or (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income (Effective Portion)
 
Amount of Gain or (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income (Effective Portion)
 
Three Months Ended September 30
 
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30
 
2014
 
2013
 
 
 
2014
 
2013
Derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships:
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
Interest rate contracts – consolidated subsidiaries
$
3,692

 
$
(67
)
 
Interest Expense
 
$
(1,810
)
 
$
(812
)
Interest rate contracts – UJVs
1,266

 
(329
)
 
Equity in Income of UJVs
 
(789
)
 
(777
)
Total derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships
$
4,958

 
$
(396
)
 
 
 
$
(2,599
)
 
$
(1,589
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Realized losses on settled cash flow hedges:
 

 
 

 
 
 
 

 
 

Interest rate contract – consolidated subsidiaries
 

 
 

 
Interest Expense
 


 
$
(151
)
Total realized losses on settled cash flow hedges
 

 
 

 
 
 
$

 
$
(151
)




During the nine months ended September 30, 2014, the Company had an immaterial amount of hedge ineffectiveness related to the swap on MacArthur Center (prior to discontinuation of hedge accounting), which was classified as Nonoperating Income on the Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Income. For the nine months ended September 30, 2013, the Company did not have any hedge ineffectiveness or amounts that were excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness recorded in earnings.

 
Amount of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in OCI on Derivative (Effective Portion)
 
Location of Gain or (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income (Effective Portion)
 
Amount of Gain or (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income (Effective Portion)
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30
 
 
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30
 
2014
 
2013
 
 
 
2014
 
2013
Derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate contracts – consolidated subsidiaries (1)
 
 
 
 
Nonoperating Expense (1)
 
$
(4,880
)
 
 
Interest rate contracts – consolidated subsidiaries (1)
$
(4,043
)
 
$
6,375

 
Interest Expense (1)
 
(6,853
)
 
$
(2,406
)
Interest rate contracts – UJVs
1,008

 
4,039

 
Equity in Income of UJVs
 
(2,340
)
 
(2,297
)
Total derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships
$
(3,035
)
 
$
10,414

 
 
 
$
(14,073
)
 
$
(4,703
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Realized losses on settled cash flow hedges:
 

 
 

 
 
 
 

 
 

Interest rate contract – consolidated subsidiaries
 

 
 

 
Interest Expense
 


 
$
(454
)
Total realized losses on settled cash flow hedges
 

 
 

 
 
 
$

 
$
(454
)

(1)
Includes MacArthur Center swap for the period that it was effective as a hedge until June 2014, when hedge accounting was discontinued.

The Company records all derivative instruments at fair value in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The following table presents the location and fair value of the Company’s derivative financial instruments as reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013. The Company does not have any derivatives not designated as hedging instruments in an asset position as of September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013.
 
 
 
Fair Value
 
Consolidated Balance Sheet Location
 
September 30
2014
 
December 31
2013
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
Asset derivatives:
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate contracts – consolidated subsidiaries
Deferred Charges and Other Assets
 


 
$
1,543

Liability derivatives:
 
 
 

 
 

Interest rate contract – consolidated subsidiaries
Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities
 
$
(726
)
 
$
(3,418
)
Interest rate contracts – UJVs
Investment in UJVs
 
(4,929
)
 
(5,938
)
Total liabilities designated as hedging instruments
 
 
$
(5,655
)
 
$
(9,356
)
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate contract – held for sale
Liabilities of Centers Held for Sale
 
(4,874
)
 
 
Total liability derivatives
 
 
$
(10,529
)
 
$
(9,356
)



Contingent Features

Three of the Company's outstanding derivatives contain provisions that state if the hedged entity defaults on any of its indebtedness in excess of $1 million, then the derivative obligation could also be declared in default. Three of the Company’s outstanding derivatives contain provisions that state if the Operating Partnership defaults on any of its recourse indebtedness in excess of $50 million, then the derivative obligation could also be declared in default. As of September 30, 2014, the Company is not in default on any indebtedness that would trigger a credit risk related default on its current outstanding derivatives.

As of September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the fair value of derivative instruments with credit-risk-related contingent features that were in a liability position was $10.5 million and $9.4 million, respectively. As of September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the Company was not required to post any collateral related to these agreements. If the Company breached any of these provisions it would be required to settle its obligations under the agreements at their fair value. See Note 12 for fair value information on derivatives.
Share-Based Compensation
Share-Based Compensation
Share-Based Compensation

The Taubman Company 2008 Omnibus Long-Term Incentive Plan (2008 Omnibus Plan), as amended, which is shareowner approved, provides for the award to directors, officers, employees, and other service providers of the Company of restricted shares, restricted units of limited partnership in the Operating Partnership, options to purchase shares or Operating Partnership units, unrestricted shares or Operating Partnership units, and other awards to acquire up to an aggregate of 8.5 million Company common shares or Operating Partnership units. In addition, non-employee directors have the option to defer their compensation, other than their meeting fees, under a deferred compensation plan.

Non-option awards granted after an amendment of the 2008 Omnibus Plan in 2010 are deducted at a ratio of 1.85 Company common shares or Operating Partnership units, while non-option awards granted prior to the amendment are deducted at a ratio of 2.85. Options are deducted on a one-for-one basis. The amount available for future grants is adjusted when the number of contingently issuable shares or units are settled, for grants that are forfeited, and for options that expire without being exercised.

Prior to the adoption of the 2008 Omnibus Plan, the Company provided share-based compensation through an incentive option plan and non-employee directors' stock grant and deferred compensation plans.

The compensation cost charged to income for the Company’s share-based compensation plans was $3.4 million and $9.8 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014, respectively. The compensation cost charged to income for the Company’s share-based compensation plans was $3.6 million and $9.7 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013, respectively. Compensation cost capitalized as part of properties and deferred leasing costs was $0.4 million and $1.5 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014, respectively, and $0.4 million and $1.2 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013, respectively.

The Company estimated the grant-date fair values of options, performance share units, and restricted share units using the methods discussed in the separate sections below for each type of grant. Expected volatility and dividend yields are based on historical volatility and yields of the Company’s common stock, respectively, as well as other factors. The risk-free interest rates used are based on the U.S. Treasury yield curves in effect at the times of grants. The Company assumes no forfeitures of options or performance share units due to the small number of participants and low turnover rate.

Options

A summary of option activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2014 is presented below:
 
Number of Options
 
Weighted Average Exercise Price
 
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)
 
Range of Exercise Prices
Outstanding at January 1, 2014
563,436

 
$
43.81

 
2.6

 
$
31.31

-
$
55.90

Exercised
(42,143
)
 
42.16

 
 
 
 
 
 
Outstanding at September 30, 2014
521,293

 
$
43.95

 
1.9

 
$
31.31

-
$
55.90

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fully vested options at September 30, 2014
521,293

 
$
43.95

 
1.9

 
 

 
 


No options were granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2014.

The aggregate intrinsic value (the difference between the period end stock price and the option exercise price) of in-the-money options outstanding was $15.1 million as of September 30, 2014.

The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the nine months ended September 30, 2014 and 2013 was $1.4 million and $3.6 million, respectively. Cash received from option exercises for the nine months ended September 30, 2014 and 2013 was $1.8 million and $2.9 million, respectively.

As of September 30, 2014, all options outstanding were fully vested, and there was no unrecognized compensation cost related to options.

Under both the prior option plan and the 2008 Omnibus Plan, vested unit options can be exercised by tendering mature units with a market value equal to the exercise price of the unit options. In 2002, Robert S. Taubman, the Company’s chief executive officer, exercised options for 3.0 million units by tendering 2.1 million mature units and deferring receipt of 0.9 million units under the unit option deferral election. As the Operating Partnership pays distributions, the deferred option units receive their proportionate share of the distributions in the form of cash payments. Under an amendment executed in January 2011, beginning in December 2017 (unless Mr. Taubman retires earlier), the deferred partnership units will be issued in ten annual installments. The deferred units are accounted for as participating securities of the Operating Partnership.

Performance Share Units

In 2014, the Company granted Performance Share Units (PSU) under the 2008 Omnibus Plan. Each PSU represents the right to receive, upon vesting, shares of the Company’s common stock ranging from 0-300% of the PSU based on the Company’s market performance relative to that of a peer group. The units vest in March 2017 if continuous service has been provided, or upon retirement or certain other events (such as death or disability) if earlier. No dividends accumulate during the vesting period.

The Company estimated the value of these PSU granted using a Monte Carlo simulation, considering the Company’s common stock price at the grant dates less the present value of the expected dividends during the vesting periods, historical returns of the Company and the peer group of companies, a risk-free interest rate of 0.70% and a measurement period of approximately three years. The resulting weighted average grant-date fair value was $93.07 per PSU.

A summary of PSU activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2014 is presented below:
 
Number of Performance Share Units
 
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2014
234,863

 
$
139.18

Vested
(43,858
)
(1) 
85.40

Granted
49,157

 
93.07

Forfeited
(771
)
 
160.09

Outstanding at September 30, 2014
239,391

 
$
139.50



(1)
Based on the Company's market performance relative to that of a peer group, the actual number of shares of common stock issued upon vesting during the nine months ended September 30, 2014 equaled 172% of the number of PSU awards vested in the table above.

None of the PSU outstanding at September 30, 2014 were vested. As of September 30, 2014, there was $16.2 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested PSU outstanding. This cost is expected to be recognized over an average period of 2.1 years.

Restricted Share Units

In 2014, Restricted Share Units (RSU) were issued under the 2008 Omnibus Plan and represent the right to receive upon vesting one share of the Company’s common stock. The units vest in March 2017, if continuous service has been provided, or upon retirement or certain other events (such as death or disability) if earlier. No dividends accumulate during the vesting period. The Company estimated the values of these RSU using the Company’s common stock at the grant dates deducting the present value of expected dividends during the vesting periods using a risk-free rate of 0.70%. The result of the Company’s valuation was a weighted average grant-date fair value of $63.95 per RSU.

In 2014, the Company also granted a limited number of additional RSU that represent the right to receive upon vesting one share of the Company’s common stock. The units have staggered vesting dates from March 2015 to March 2017, if continuous service has been provided through those periods, or upon retirement or certain other events (such as death or disability) if earlier. No dividends accumulate during the vesting periods. The Company estimated the value of these additional RSU using the Company's common stock price at the grant date deducting the present value of expected dividends during the vesting periods using a risk-free rate of 0.13% to 0.71%. The result of the Company's valuation was a weighted average grant-date fair value of $66.19 per RSU.

A summary of RSU activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2014 is presented below:
 
Number of Restricted Share Units
 
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2014
269,899

 
$
62.00

Vested
(98,213
)
 
51.07

Granted (three-year vesting)
106,540

 
63.95

Granted (staggered vesting)
8,505

 
66.19

Forfeited
(4,843
)
 
65.44

Outstanding at September 30, 2014
281,888

 
$
66.65



None of the RSU outstanding at September 30, 2014 were vested. As of September 30, 2014, there was $8.6 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested RSU outstanding. This cost is expected to be recognized over an average period of 1.8 years.
Commitments and Contingencies
Commitments and Contingencies
Commitments and Contingencies

Cash Tender

At the time of the Company's initial public offering and acquisition of its partnership interest in the Operating Partnership in 1992, the Company entered into an agreement (the Cash Tender Agreement) with A. Alfred Taubman, who owns an interest in the Operating Partnership, whereby he has the annual right to tender to the Company partnership units in the Operating Partnership (provided that the aggregate value is at least $50 million) and cause the Company to purchase the tendered interests at a purchase price based on a market valuation of the Company on the trading date immediately preceding the date of the tender. At A. Alfred Taubman's election, his family may participate in tenders. The Company will have the option to pay for these interests from available cash, borrowed funds, or from the proceeds of an offering of the Company's common stock. Generally, the Company expects to finance these purchases through the sale of new shares of its stock. The tendering partner will bear all market risk if the market price at closing is less than the purchase price and will bear the costs of sale. Any proceeds of the offering in excess of the purchase price will be for the sole benefit of the Company. The Company accounts for the Cash Tender Agreement between the Company and Mr. Taubman as a freestanding written put option. As the option put price is defined by the current market price of the Company's stock at the time of tender, the fair value of the written option defined by the Cash Tender Agreement is considered to be zero.

Based on a market value at September 30, 2014 of $73.00 per share for the Company's common stock, the aggregate value of interests in the Operating Partnership that may be tendered under the Cash Tender Agreement was $1.8 billion. The purchase of these interests at September 30, 2014 would have resulted in the Company owning an additional 27% interest in the Operating Partnership.

Continuing Offer

The Company has made a continuing, irrevocable offer to all present holders (other than certain excluded holders, including A. Alfred Taubman), permitted assignees of all present holders, those future holders of partnership interests in the Operating Partnership as the Company may, in its sole discretion, agree to include in the continuing offer, all existing optionees under the previous option plan, and all existing and future optionees under the 2008 Omnibus Plan to exchange shares of common stock for partnership interests in the Operating Partnership (the Continuing Offer). Under the Continuing Offer agreement, one unit of the Operating Partnership interest is exchangeable for one share of the Company's common stock. Upon a tender of Operating Partnership units, the corresponding shares of Series B Preferred Stock, if any, will automatically be converted into the Company’s common stock at a ratio of 14,000 shares of Series B Preferred Stock for one share of common stock.

Litigation

In April 2009, two restaurant owners, their two restaurants, and their principal filed a lawsuit in United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania (Case No. 09-CV-01619) against Atlantic Pier Associates LLC ("APA", the then owner of the leasehold interest in The Pier Shops), the Operating Partnership, Taubman Centers, Inc., the owners of APA and certain affiliates of such owners, three individuals affiliated with, or at one time employed by an affiliate of one of the owners, and, subsequently added the Manager as a defendant. The plaintiffs are alleging the defendants misrepresented and concealed the status of certain tenant leases at The Pier Shops and that such status was relied upon by the plaintiffs in making decisions about their own leases. The plaintiffs are seeking damages exceeding $20 million, rescission of their leases, exemplary or punitive damages, costs and expenses, attorney's fees, return of certain rent, and other relief as the court may determine. The claims against the Operating Partnership, Taubman Centers, Inc., the Manager, other Taubman defendants, and one of the owners were dismissed in July 2011, but, in August 2011, the restaurant owners reinstated the same claims in a state court action that was then removed to the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania (Case No. 11-CV-05676). The defendants are vigorously defending the action. The outcome of this lawsuit cannot be predicted with any certainty and management is currently unable to estimate a range of potential loss that could result if an unfavorable outcome occurs. While management does not believe that an adverse outcome in this lawsuit would have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition, there can be no assurance that an adverse outcome would not have a material effect on the Company's results of operations for any particular period.

The Company carries liability insurance to mitigate its exposure to certain losses, including those relating to personal injury claims. We believe the Company's insurance policy terms and conditions and limits are appropriate and adequate given the relative risk of loss and industry practice. There are, however, certain types of losses, such as punitive damage awards, that may not be covered by insurance, and not all potential losses are insured against.


Other

See Note 5 for the Operating Partnership's guarantees of certain notes payable, including a guarantee relating to an Unconsolidated Joint Venture, Note 7 for contingent features relating to certain joint venture agreements, Note 8 for contingent features relating to derivative instruments, and Note 9 for obligations under existing share-based compensation plans.
Earnings Per Share
Earnings Per Share
Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share amounts are based on the weighted average of common shares outstanding for the respective periods. Diluted earnings per share amounts are based on the weighted average of common shares outstanding plus the dilutive effect of potential common stock. Potential common stock includes outstanding partnership units exchangeable for common shares under the Continuing Offer (Note 10), outstanding options for partnership units, PSU, RSU, deferred shares under the Non-Employee Directors’ Deferred Compensation Plan, and unissued partnership units under a unit option deferral election (Note 9). In computing the potentially dilutive effect of potential common stock, partnership units are assumed to be exchanged for common shares under the Continuing Offer, increasing the weighted average number of shares outstanding. The potentially dilutive effects of partnership units outstanding and/or issuable under the unit option deferral elections are calculated using the if-converted method, while the effects of other potential common stock are calculated using the treasury method. Contingently issuable shares are included in diluted EPS based on the number of shares, if any, that would be issuable if the end of the reporting period were the end of the contingency period. 
 
Three Months Ended
September 30
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30
 
2014

2013
 
2014
 
2013
Net income attributable to Taubman Centers, Inc. common shareowners (Numerator):
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
$
33,682

 
$
24,488

 
$
424,151

 
$
70,074

Impact of additional ownership of TRG
121

 
107

 
4,151

 
352

Diluted
$
33,803

 
$
24,595


$
428,302

 
$
70,426

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shares (Denominator) – basic
63,317,680

 
63,753,748

 
63,249,400

 
63,653,155

Effect of dilutive securities
770,062

 
937,161

 
1,626,651

 
1,049,493

Shares (Denominator) – diluted
64,087,742

 
64,690,909


64,876,051

 
64,702,648

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Earnings per common share - basic
$
0.53

 
$
0.38

 
$
6.71

 
$
1.10

Earnings per common share – diluted
$
0.53

 
$
0.38

 
$
6.60

 
$
1.09



The calculation of diluted earnings per share in certain periods excluded certain potential common stock including outstanding partnership units and unissued partnership units under a unit option deferral election, both of which may be exchanged for common shares of the Company under the Continuing Offer. The table below presents the potential common stock excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share as they were anti-dilutive in the period presented.

 
Three Months Ended
September 30
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30
 
2014

2013
 
2014
 
2013
Weighted average noncontrolling partnership units outstanding
4,369,590

 
4,494,470

 
4,352,233

 
4,557,851

Unissued partnership units under unit option deferral elections
871,262

 
871,262

 


 
871,262

Fair Value Disclosures
Fair Value Disclosures
Fair Value Disclosures

This note contains required fair value disclosures for assets and liabilities remeasured at fair value on a recurring basis and financial instruments carried at other than fair value, as well as assumptions employed in deriving these fair values.

Recurring Valuations

Derivative Instruments

The fair value of interest rate hedging instruments is the amount that the Company would receive to sell an asset or pay to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the reporting date. The Company’s valuations of its derivative instruments are determined using widely accepted valuation techniques, including discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of each derivative, and therefore fall into Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. The valuations reflect the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity, and use observable market-based inputs, including forward curves. The fair values of interest rate hedging instruments also incorporate credit valuation adjustments to appropriately reflect both the Company’s own nonperformance risk and the respective counterparty's nonperformance risk.

Other

The Company's valuation of an insurance deposit utilizes unadjusted quoted prices determined by active markets for the specific securities the Company has invested in, and therefore falls into Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy.

For assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, quantitative disclosure of the fair value for each major category of assets and liabilities is presented below:
 
 
Fair Value Measurements as of
September 30, 2014 Using
 
Fair Value Measurements as of
December 31, 2013 Using
Description
 
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant Other Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant Other Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
Insurance deposit
 
$
13,089

 
 

 
$
12,225

 
 

Derivative interest rate contracts (Note 8)
 
 
 


 
 
 
$
1,543

Total assets
 
$
13,089


$

 
$
12,225

 
$
1,543

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivative interest rate contracts (Note 8)
 
 

 
$
(5,600
)
 
 

 
$
(3,418
)
Total liabilities
 
 

 
$
(5,600
)
 
 

 
$
(3,418
)


The insurance deposit shown above represents an escrow account maintained in connection with a property and casualty insurance arrangement for the Company’s shopping centers, and is classified within Deferred Charges and Other Assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. Corresponding deferred revenue relating to amounts billed to tenants for this arrangement has been classified within Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.


Financial Instruments Carried at Other Than Fair Values

Simon Property Group Limited Partnership Units

As of September 30, 2014, the Company owned 590,124 partnership units in Simon Property Group Limited Partnership (Note 2). The fair value of the partnership units, derived from SPG's common stock price after considering the one-year restriction on the sale of the units, and therefore falling into Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, was $94.0 million at September 30, 2014. The partnership units were classified as Deferred Charges and Other Assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet and had a book value of $77.7 million at September 30, 2014.

Notes Payable

The fair value of notes payable is estimated using cash flows discounted at current market rates and therefore falls into Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. When selecting discount rates for purposes of estimating the fair value of notes payable at September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the Company employed the credit spreads at which the debt was originally issued. For debt refinanced prior to 2010, excluding debt assumed from acquisitions, an additional 0.75% and 1.00% credit spread was added to the discount rate at September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively, to attempt to account for current market conditions. This additional spread is an estimate and is not necessarily indicative of what the Company could obtain in the market at the reporting date. The Company does not believe that the use of different interest rate assumptions would have resulted in a materially different fair value of notes payable as of September 30, 2014 or December 31, 2013. To further assist financial statement users, the Company has included with its fair value disclosures an analysis of interest rate sensitivity.

The estimated fair values of notes payable at September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 were as follows:
 
2014
 
2013
 
Carrying Value
 
Fair Value
 
Carrying Value
 
Fair Value
Notes payable (1)
$
2,637,941

 
$
2,689,413

 
$
3,058,053

 
$
3,107,119



(1)
Includes a carrying value of $622 million and a fair value of $641 million of notes payable related to the centers classified as held for sale as of September 30, 2014. In October 2014, the Company disposed of the centers that were previously held for sale (Note 2).

The fair values of the notes payable are dependent on the interest rates used in estimating the values. An overall 1% increase in rates employed in making these estimates would have decreased the fair values of the debt shown above at September 30, 2014 by $40.2 million or 1.5%.

Cash Equivalents and Notes Receivable

The fair value of cash equivalents and notes receivable approximates their carrying value due to their short maturity. The fair value of cash equivalents is derived from quoted market prices and therefore falls into Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of notes receivable are estimated using cash flows discounted at current market rates and therefore fall into Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

See Note 4 regarding the fair value of the Unconsolidated Joint Ventures’ notes payable, and Note 8 regarding additional information on derivatives.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Notes)
Comprehensive Income (Loss) Note [Text Block]
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

Changes in the balance of each component of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (AOCI) for the nine months ended September 30, 2014 are as follows:
 
Taubman Centers, Inc. AOCI
 
Noncontrolling Interests AOCI
 
Cumulative translation adjustment
 
Unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate instruments and other
 
Total
 
Cumulative translation adjustment
 
Unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate instruments and other
 
Total
January 1, 2014
$
5,040

 
$
(13,954
)
 
$
(8,914
)
 
$
2,011

 
$
6,141

 
$
8,152

Other comprehensive income/(loss) before reclassifications
(1,741
)
 
(8,478
)
 
(10,219
)
 
(691
)
 
(3,516
)
 
(4,207
)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI

 
9,846

 
9,846

 


 
4,227

 
4,227

Net current period other comprehensive income/(loss)
$
(1,741
)
 
$
1,368

 
$
(373
)
 
$
(691
)
 
$
711

 
$
20

Adjustments due to changes in ownership
7

 
22

 
29

 
(7
)
 
(22
)
 
(29
)
September 30, 2014
$
3,306

 
$
(12,564
)
 
$
(9,258
)
 
$
1,313

 
$
6,830

 
$
8,143



Changes in the balance of each component of AOCI for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 are as follows:

 
Taubman Centers, Inc. AOCI
 
Noncontrolling Interests AOCI
 
Cumulative translation adjustment
 
Unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate instruments and other
 
Total
 
Cumulative translation adjustment
 
Unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate instruments and other
 
Total
January 1, 2013
$
1,888

 
$
(23,952
)
 
$
(22,064
)
 
$
756


$
1,739

 
$
2,495

Other comprehensive income/(loss) before reclassifications
1,127

 
3,981

 
5,108

 
447


1,776

 
2,223

Amounts reclassified from AOCI

 
2,660

 
2,660

 



1,174

 
1,174

Net current period other comprehensive income/(loss)
$
1,127

 
$
6,641

 
$
7,768

 
$
447

 
$
2,950

 
$
3,397

Adjustments due to changes in ownership
5

 
17

 
22

 
(5
)

(17
)
 
(22
)
September 30, 2013
$
3,020

 
$
(17,294
)
 
$
(14,274
)
 
$
1,198

 
$
4,672

 
$
5,870



The following table presents reclassifications out of AOCI for the nine months ended September 30, 2014:
Details about AOCI Components
 
Amounts reclassified from AOCI
 
Affected line item in Consolidated Statement of Operations
Losses on interest rate instruments and other:
 
 
 
 
Discontinuation of hedge accounting - consolidated subsidiary
 
$
4,880

 
Nonoperating Expense
Realized loss on interest rate contracts - consolidated subsidiaries
 
$
6,853

 
Interest Expense
Realized loss on interest rate contracts - UJVs
 
2,340

 
Equity in Income of UJVs
Total reclassifications for the period
 
$
14,073

 
 


The following table presents reclassifications out of AOCI for the nine months ended September 30, 2013:
Details about AOCI Components
 
Amounts reclassified from AOCI
 
Affected line item in Consolidated Statement of Operations
(Gains)/losses on interest rate instruments and other:
 
 
 
 
Realized loss on interest rate contracts - consolidated subsidiaries
 
$
2,860

 
Interest Expense
Realized loss on interest rate contracts - UJVs
 
2,297

 
Equity in Income of UJVs
Realized gain on sale of securities
 
(1,323
)
 
Nonoperating Income, net
Total reclassifications for the period
 
$
3,834

 
 
Cash Flow Disclosures, Supplemental (Notes)
Cash Flow, Supplemental Disclosures [Text Block]
Cash Flow Disclosures and Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities

The following non-cash investing and financing activities occurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2014 and September 30, 2013. This table excludes any non-cash adjustments of noncontrolling interests as a result of equity transactions (Note 7).
 
Nine Months Ended September 30
 
2014
 
2013
Issuance of a note receivable in connection with the sale of peripheral land
 
 
$
7,411

Receipt of Simon Property Group Limited Partnership units in connection with the sale of Arizona Mills (Note 2)
$
77,700

 
 
Issuance of TRG partnership units in connection with the purchase of the U.S. headquarters building (Note 2)
91

 
 
Assumption of debt in connection with the purchase of the U.S. headquarters building (Note 2)
18,215

 
 
Other non-cash additions to properties
53,018

 
14,351



Other non-cash additions to properties primarily represent accrued construction and tenant allowance costs. Various assets and liabilities were also adjusted upon the disposition of interests in International Plaza and the deconsolidation of the Company's remaining interest (Note 2).
New Accounting Pronouncement (Notes)
New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block]
New Accounting Pronouncement

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers". This standard provides a single comprehensive model to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers and gains and losses arising from transfers of non-financial assets including sales of property, plant, and equipment, real estate, and intangible assets. ASU No. 2014-09 supersedes most current revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance. ASU No. 2014-09 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2016. ASU No. 2014-09 may be applied either retrospectively or as a cumulative effect adjustment as of the date of adoption. Early adoption is prohibited. The Company is currently evaluating the application of this ASU and its effect on the Company's financial position and results of operations.
Subsequent Event (Notes)
Subsequent Events [Text Block]
Note 16 – Subsequent Event

Sale of Centers to Starwood

In October 2014, the Company completed the sale of seven centers to Starwood. See "Note 2 - Acquisitions, Dispositions, and Developments" for further discussion of the sale.
Acquisitions, Dispositions, and Development Schedule of Major Assets and Liabilities Held for Sale (Tables)
Acquisition of Interests in Centers [Policy Text Block]
The carrying amounts of the major classes of assets and liabilities of the seven centers included as part of the disposal group classified as "held for sale" on the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2014 were as follows:
Assets:
 
Properties, net
$
754,180

Other assets
25,883

Total assets
$
780,063

 
 
Liabilities:
 
Notes payable
$
621,945

Other liabilities
30,123

Total liabilities
$
652,068

Income Taxes (Tables)
The Company’s income tax expense (benefit) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014 and 2013 was as follows:

 
Three Months Ended September 30
 
Nine Months Ended September 30
 
2014

2013
 
2014
 
2013
State current
$
1

 
$
47

 
$
1,520

 
$
298

State deferred
(4
)
 
(34
)
 
(16
)
 
(59
)
Federal current
313

 
160

 
7,851

 
468

Federal deferred
(26
)
 
(38
)
 
1,139

 
251

Foreign current
399

 
1,353

 
980

 
1,983

Foreign deferred


 
(35
)
 
(48
)
 
(226
)
 
$
683


$
1,453


$
11,426


$
2,715

Less income tax expense allocated to Gain on Dispositions (1)


 
 
 
9,733

 
 
Total income tax expense
$
683

 
$
1,453

 
$
1,693

 
$
2,715



(1)
Amount represents the income taxes incurred as part of the Company's sale of interests in International Plaza in January 2014. The tax on the sale is classified within Gain on Dispositions, Net of Tax on the Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Income.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities as of September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 were as follows:
 
2014
 
2013
Deferred tax assets:
 
 
 
Federal
$
1,607

 
$
2,746

Foreign
1,822

 
1,821

State
550

 
527

Total deferred tax assets
$
3,979

 
$
5,094

Valuation allowances
(1,783
)
 
(1,831
)
Net deferred tax assets
$
2,196

 
$
3,263

Deferred tax liabilities:
 
 
 

Federal
$
602

 
$
602

Foreign
474

 
449

State
91

 
107

Total deferred tax liabilities
$
1,167

 
$
1,158

Investments in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures (Tables)
The Company owns beneficial interests in joint ventures that own shopping centers. The Operating Partnership is the sole direct or indirect managing general partner or managing member of Fair Oaks, International Plaza, Stamford Town Center, Sunvalley, and Westfarms. The Operating Partnership also provides certain management, leasing, and/or development services to the other shopping centers noted below.
Shopping Center
 
Ownership as of
September 30, 2014 and
December 31, 2013
 
 
 
Arizona Mills (1)
 
0/50%
CityOn.Xi'an (under construction)
 
Note 2
CityOn.Zhengzhou (under construction)
 
Note 2
Fair Oaks
 
50
Hanam Union Square (under construction)
 
Note 2
International Plaza (2)
 
50.1/100
The Mall at Millenia
 
50
Stamford Town Center
 
50
Sunvalley
 
50
The Mall at University Town Center (under construction) (3)
 
Note 2
Waterside Shops
 
50
Westfarms
 
79


(1)
In January 2014, the Company disposed of its 50% interest in Arizona Mills (Note 2). Prior to the disposition, Arizona Mills was accounted for as an Unconsolidated Joint Venture.
(2)
In January 2014, the Company sold a total of 49.9% of its interests in the entity that owns International Plaza. The disposition decreased the Company's ownership in the center to a noncontrolling 50.1% interest (Note 2). Prior to the disposition, International Plaza was accounted for as a consolidated center.
Combined Financial Information

Combined balance sheet and results of operations information is presented in the following table for the Unconsolidated Joint Ventures, followed by the Operating Partnership's beneficial interest in the combined operations information. The combined information of the Unconsolidated Joint Ventures as of September 30, 2014 excluded the balances of Hanam Union Square, CityOn.Xi'an, and CityOn.Zhengzhou, which are currently under construction (Note 2). Beneficial interest is calculated based on the Operating Partnership's ownership interest in each of the Unconsolidated Joint Ventures.

 
September 30
2014
 
December 31
2013
Assets:
 
 
 
Properties
$
1,517,439

 
$
1,305,658

Accumulated depreciation and amortization
(539,451
)
 
(478,820
)
 
$
977,988

 
$
826,838

Cash and cash equivalents
28,763

 
28,782

Accounts and notes receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $1,364 and $977 in 2014 and 2013
29,399

 
33,626

Deferred charges and other assets
31,740

 
28,095

 
$
1,067,890

 
$
917,341

 
 
 
 
Liabilities and accumulated deficiency in assets:
 

 
 

Notes payable
$
1,785,602

 
$
1,551,161

Accounts payable and other liabilities
73,889

 
70,226

TRG's accumulated deficiency in assets
(453,452
)
 
(412,204
)
Unconsolidated Joint Venture Partners' accumulated deficiency in assets
(338,149
)
 
(291,842
)
 
$
1,067,890

 
$
917,341

 
 
 
 
TRG's accumulated deficiency in assets (above)
$
(453,452
)
 
$
(412,204
)
TRG's investment in properties under development (Note 2)
226,853

 
193,306

TRG basis adjustments, including elimination of intercompany profit
131,070

 
118,132

TCO's additional basis
55,449

 
56,909

Net investment in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures
$
(40,080
)
 
$
(43,857
)
Distributions in excess of investments in and net income of Unconsolidated Joint Ventures
401,809

 
371,549

Investment in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures
$
361,729

 
$
327,692

 
Three Months Ended September 30
 
Nine Months Ended September 30
 
2014
 
2013
 
2014
 
2013
Revenues
$
80,671

 
$
71,858

 
$
238,190

 
$
209,183

Maintenance, taxes, utilities, promotion, and other operating expenses
$
25,040

 
$
22,933

 
$
75,486

 
$
67,037

Interest expense
18,518

 
17,302

 
55,065

 
51,758

Depreciation and amortization
11,417

 
9,237

 
32,613

 
27,155

Total operating costs
$
54,975

 
$
49,472


$
163,164


$
145,950

Nonoperating income
(22
)
 
(1
)
 
(25
)
 
(1
)
Net income
$
25,674

 
$
22,385


$
75,001


$
63,232

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income attributable to TRG
$
14,258

 
$
12,402

 
$
41,319

 
$
35,103

Realized intercompany profit, net of depreciation on TRG’s basis adjustments
707

 
306

 
1,363

 
405

Depreciation of TCO's additional basis
(486
)
 
(488
)
 
(1,460
)
 
(1,461
)
Equity in income of Unconsolidated Joint Ventures
$
14,479

 
$
12,220


$
41,222


$
34,047

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beneficial interest in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures’ operations:
 

 
 

 
 
 
 
Revenues less maintenance, taxes, utilities, promotion, and other operating expenses
$
31,762

 
$
28,000

 
$
92,336

 
$
80,777

Interest expense
(10,006
)
 
(9,415
)
 
(29,805
)
 
(28,192
)
Depreciation and amortization
(7,277
)
 
(6,365
)
 
(21,309
)
 
(18,538
)
Equity in income of Unconsolidated Joint Ventures
$
14,479

 
$
12,220


$
41,222


$
34,047

Beneficial Interest in Debt and Interest Expense (Tables)
Operating Partnership's beneficial interest

The Operating Partnership's beneficial interest in the debt, capitalized interest, and interest expense of its consolidated subsidiaries and its Unconsolidated Joint Ventures is summarized in the following table. The Operating Partnership's beneficial interest in the consolidated subsidiaries excludes debt and interest related to the noncontrolling interests in Cherry Creek Shopping Center (50%), The Mall at Wellington Green (10%), and MacArthur Center (5%). In October 2014, the Company disposed of The Mall at Wellington Green and MacArthur Center as part of the sale to Starwood (Note 2).

 
At 100%
 
At Beneficial Interest
 
Consolidated Subsidiaries
 
Unconsolidated Joint Ventures
 
Consolidated Subsidiaries
 
Unconsolidated Joint Ventures
Debt as of:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
September 30, 2014
$
2,637,941

(1
)
$
1,785,602

 
$
2,448,342

(1
)
$
984,512

December 31, 2013
3,058,053

 
1,551,161

 
2,891,592

 
868,942

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Capitalized interest:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2014
$
18,844

(2
)
$
2,836

 
$
18,136

 
$
1,430

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2013
11,511

(2
)
73

 
11,169

 
46

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest expense:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2014
$
74,946

 
$
55,065

 
$
68,687

 
$
29,805

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2013
99,589

 
51,578

 
93,049

 
28,192



(1)
The debt balance presented includes the debt of centers classified as held for sale as of September 30, 2014 (Note 2). The debt of centers held for sale was $622 million at 100% and $596 million at the Operating Partnership's beneficial interest at September 30, 2014. In October 2014, the Company disposed of the centers that were previously held for sale (Note 2).
(2)
The Company capitalizes interest costs incurred in funding its equity contributions to development projects accounted for as Unconsolidated Joint Ventures. The capitalized interest cost is included in the Company's basis in its investment in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures. Such capitalized interest reduces interest expense in the Company's Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Income and in the table above is included within Consolidated Subsidiaries.

Noncontrolling Interests (Tables)
The net equity balance of the noncontrolling interests as of September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 included the following:
 
2014
 
2013
Non-redeemable noncontrolling interests:
 
 
 
Noncontrolling interests in consolidated joint ventures
$
(17,790
)
 
$
(37,191
)
Noncontrolling interests in partnership equity of TRG
71,698

 
(58,342
)
 
$
53,908

 
$
(95,533
)
Net income attributable to the noncontrolling interests for the nine months ended September 30, 2014 and September 30, 2013 included the following:
 
2014
 
2013
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests:
 
 
 
Non-redeemable noncontrolling interests:
 
 
 
Noncontrolling share of income of consolidated joint ventures
$
8,013

 
$
6,752

Noncontrolling share of income of TRG
170,922

 
29,915

 
$
178,935


$
36,667

Net income attributable to the noncontrolling interests for the three months ended September 30, 2014 and September 30, 2013 included the following:
 
2014
 
2013
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests:
 
 
 
Non-redeemable noncontrolling interests:
 
 
 
Noncontrolling share of income of consolidated joint ventures
$
2,643

 
$
2,198

Noncontrolling share of income of TRG
14,057

 
10,338

 
$
16,700

 
$
12,536

The following schedule presents the effects of changes in Taubman Centers, Inc.’s ownership interest in consolidated subsidiaries on Taubman Centers, Inc.’s equity for the nine months ended September 30, 2014 and September 30, 2013:
 
2014
 
2013
Net income attributable to Taubman Centers, Inc. common shareowners
$
424,151

 
$
70,074

Transfers (to) from the noncontrolling interest:
 

 
 

Increase in Taubman Centers, Inc.’s paid-in capital for adjustments of noncontrolling interest (1)
54

 
5,995

Decrease in Taubman Centers, Inc.’s paid-in capital related to the acquisition of additional ownership in the outlet joint venture
 
 
(1,050
)
Net transfers from noncontrolling interests
54

 
4,945

Change from net income attributable to Taubman Centers, Inc. and transfers from noncontrolling interests
$
424,205

 
$
75,019


(1)
In 2014 and 2013, adjustments of noncontrolling interests were made as a result of changes in the Company's ownership of the Operating Partnership in connection with the Company's share-based compensation under employee and director benefit plans (Note 9), issuances of stock pursuant to the Continuing Offer (Note 10),
Derivative and Hedging Activities (Tables)
As of September 30, 2014, the Company had the following outstanding interest rate derivatives that were designated and are expected to be effective as cash flow hedges of the interest payments on the associated debt.

Instrument Type

Ownership

Notional Amount

Swap Rate

Credit Spread on Loan

Total Swapped Rate on Loan

Maturity Date
Consolidated Subsidiaries:

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Receive variable (LIBOR) /pay-fixed swap (1)

100
%

$
200,000

 
1.64
%
 
1.35
%
(1) 
2.99
%
(1) 
February 2019
Receive variable (LIBOR) /pay-fixed swap (1)

100
%

175,000

 
1.65
%
 
1.35
%
(1) 
3.00
%
(1) 
February 2019
Receive variable (LIBOR) /pay-fixed swap (1)

100
%

100,000

 
1.64
%
 
1.35
%
(1) 
2.99
%
(1) 
February 2019
Unconsolidated Joint Ventures:

 


 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
Receive variable (LIBOR) /pay-fixed swap (2)

50
%

137,200

 
2.40
%
 
1.70
%
 
4.10
%
 
April 2018
Receive variable (LIBOR) /pay-fixed swap (2)

50
%

137,200

 
2.40
%
 
1.70
%
 
4.10
%
 
April 2018

(1)
The hedged forecasted transaction for each of these swaps is the first previously unhedged one-month LIBOR-indexed interest payments accrued and made each month on a debt principal amount equal to the swap notional, regardless of the specific debt agreement from which they may flow. The Company is currently using these swaps to manage interest rate risk on the $475 million TRG Term Loan. The credit spread on this loan can also vary within a range of 1.35% to 1.90%, depending on the Company's leverage ratio at the measurement date.
(2)
The notional amount on each of these swaps is equal to 50% of the outstanding principal balance of the loan on Fair Oaks.

Instrument Type
 
Ownership
 
Notional Amount
 
Swap Rate
 
Credit Spread on Loan
 
Total Swapped Rate on Loan
 
Maturity Date
Consolidated Subsidiaries:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Receive variable (LIBOR) /pay-fixed swap (1)
 
95
%
 
$
128,100

 
2.64
%
 
2.35
%
 
4.99
%
 
September 2020

(1)
The notional amount on this swap was equal to the outstanding principal balance of the loan on MacArthur Center.
 
Amount of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in OCI on Derivative (Effective Portion)
 
Location of Gain or (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income (Effective Portion)
 
Amount of Gain or (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income (Effective Portion)
 
Three Months Ended September 30
 
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30
 
2014
 
2013
 
 
 
2014
 
2013
Derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships:
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
Interest rate contracts – consolidated subsidiaries
$
3,692

 
$
(67
)
 
Interest Expense
 
$
(1,810
)
 
$
(812
)
Interest rate contracts – UJVs
1,266

 
(329
)
 
Equity in Income of UJVs
 
(789
)
 
(777
)
Total derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships
$
4,958

 
$
(396
)
 
 
 
$
(2,599
)
 
$
(1,589
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Realized losses on settled cash flow hedges:
 

 
 

 
 
 
 

 
 

Interest rate contract – consolidated subsidiaries
 

 
 

 
Interest Expense
 


 
$
(151
)
Total realized losses on settled cash flow hedges
 

 
 

 
 
 
$

 
$
(151
)




During the nine months ended September 30, 2014, the Company had an immaterial amount of hedge ineffectiveness related to the swap on MacArthur Center (prior to discontinuation of hedge accounting), which was classified as Nonoperating Income on the Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Income. For the nine months ended September 30, 2013, the Company did not have any hedge ineffectiveness or amounts that were excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness recorded in earnings.

 
Amount of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in OCI on Derivative (Effective Portion)
 
Location of Gain or (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income (Effective Portion)
 
Amount of Gain or (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income (Effective Portion)
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30
 
 
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30
 
2014
 
2013
 
 
 
2014
 
2013
Derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate contracts – consolidated subsidiaries (1)
 
 
 
 
Nonoperating Expense (1)
 
$
(4,880
)
 
 
Interest rate contracts – consolidated subsidiaries (1)
$
(4,043
)
 
$
6,375

 
Interest Expense (1)
 
(6,853
)
 
$
(2,406
)
Interest rate contracts – UJVs
1,008

 
4,039

 
Equity in Income of UJVs
 
(2,340
)
 
(2,297
)
Total derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships
$
(3,035
)
 
$
10,414

 
 
 
$
(14,073
)
 
$
(4,703
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Realized losses on settled cash flow hedges:
 

 
 

 
 
 
 

 
 

Interest rate contract – consolidated subsidiaries
 

 
 

 
Interest Expense
 


 
$
(454
)
Total realized losses on settled cash flow hedges
 

 
 

 
 
 
$

 
$
(454
)

 
Amount of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in OCI on Derivative (Effective Portion)
 
Location of Gain or (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income (Effective Portion)
 
Amount of Gain or (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income (Effective Portion)
 
Three Months Ended September 30
 
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30
 
2014
 
2013
 
 
 
2014
 
2013
Derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships:
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
Interest rate contracts – consolidated subsidiaries
$
3,692

 
$
(67
)
 
Interest Expense
 
$
(1,810
)
 
$
(812
)
Interest rate contracts – UJVs
1,266

 
(329
)
 
Equity in Income of UJVs
 
(789
)
 
(777
)
Total derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships
$
4,958

 
$
(396
)
 
 
 
$
(2,599
)
 
$
(1,589
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Realized losses on settled cash flow hedges:
 

 
 

 
 
 
 

 
 

Interest rate contract – consolidated subsidiaries
 

 
 

 
Interest Expense
 


 
$
(151
)
Total realized losses on settled cash flow hedges
 

 
 

 
 
 
$

 
$
(151
)
The Company records all derivative instruments at fair value in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The following table presents the location and fair value of the Company’s derivative financial instruments as reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013. The Company does not have any derivatives not designated as hedging instruments in an asset position as of September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013.
 
 
 
Fair Value
 
Consolidated Balance Sheet Location
 
September 30
2014
 
December 31
2013
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
Asset derivatives:
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate contracts – consolidated subsidiaries
Deferred Charges and Other Assets
 


 
$
1,543

Liability derivatives:
 
 
 

 
 

Interest rate contract – consolidated subsidiaries
Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities
 
$
(726
)
 
$
(3,418
)
Interest rate contracts – UJVs
Investment in UJVs
 
(4,929
)
 
(5,938
)
Total liabilities designated as hedging instruments
 
 
$
(5,655
)
 
$
(9,356
)
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate contract – held for sale
Liabilities of Centers Held for Sale
 
(4,874
)
 
 
Total liability derivatives
 
 
$
(10,529
)
 
$
(9,356
)
Share-Based Compensation (Tables)
A summary of option activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2014 is presented below:
 
Number of Options
 
Weighted Average Exercise Price
 
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)
 
Range of Exercise Prices
Outstanding at January 1, 2014
563,436

 
$
43.81

 
2.6

 
$
31.31

-
$
55.90

Exercised
(42,143
)
 
42.16

 
 
 
 
 
 
Outstanding at September 30, 2014
521,293

 
$
43.95

 
1.9

 
$
31.31

-
$
55.90

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fully vested options at September 30, 2014
521,293

 
$
43.95

 
1.9

 
 

 
 
A summary of PSU activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2014 is presented below:
 
Number of Performance Share Units
 
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2014
234,863

 
$
139.18

Vested
(43,858
)
(1) 
85.40

Granted
49,157

 
93.07

Forfeited
(771
)
 
160.09

Outstanding at September 30, 2014
239,391

 
$
139.50



(1)
Based on the Company's market performance relative to that of a peer group, the actual number of shares of common stock issued upon vesting during the nine months ended September 30, 2014 equaled 172% of the number of PSU awards vested in the table above.
A summary of RSU activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2014 is presented below:
 
Number of Restricted Share Units
 
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2014
269,899

 
$
62.00

Vested
(98,213
)
 
51.07

Granted (three-year vesting)
106,540

 
63.95

Granted (staggered vesting)
8,505

 
66.19

Forfeited
(4,843
)
 
65.44

Outstanding at September 30, 2014
281,888

 
$
66.65

Earnings Per Share (Tables)
 
Three Months Ended
September 30
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30
 
2014

2013
 
2014
 
2013
Net income attributable to Taubman Centers, Inc. common shareowners (Numerator):
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
$
33,682

 
$
24,488

 
$
424,151

 
$
70,074

Impact of additional ownership of TRG
121

 
107

 
4,151

 
352

Diluted
$
33,803

 
$
24,595


$
428,302

 
$
70,426

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shares (Denominator) – basic
63,317,680

 
63,753,748

 
63,249,400

 
63,653,155

Effect of dilutive securities
770,062

 
937,161

 
1,626,651

 
1,049,493

Shares (Denominator) – diluted
64,087,742

 
64,690,909


64,876,051

 
64,702,648

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Earnings per common share - basic
$
0.53

 
$
0.38

 
$
6.71

 
$
1.10

Earnings per common share – diluted
$
0.53

 
$
0.38

 
$
6.60

 
$
1.09

The table below presents the potential common stock excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share as they were anti-dilutive in the period presented.

 
Three Months Ended
September 30
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30
 
2014

2013
 
2014
 
2013
Weighted average noncontrolling partnership units outstanding
4,369,590

 
4,494,470

 
4,352,233

 
4,557,851

Unissued partnership units under unit option deferral elections
871,262

 
871,262

 


 
871,262



Fair Value Disclosures (Tables)
For assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, quantitative disclosure of the fair value for each major category of assets and liabilities is presented below:
 
 
Fair Value Measurements as of
September 30, 2014 Using
 
Fair Value Measurements as of
December 31, 2013 Using
Description
 
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant Other Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant Other Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
Insurance deposit
 
$
13,089

 
 

 
$
12,225

 
 

Derivative interest rate contracts (Note 8)
 
 
 


 
 
 
$
1,543

Total assets
 
$
13,089


$

 
$
12,225

 
$
1,543

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivative interest rate contracts (Note 8)
 
 

 
$
(5,600
)
 
 

 
$
(3,418
)
Total liabilities
 
 

 
$
(5,600
)
 
 

 
$
(3,418
)
The estimated fair values of notes payable at September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 were as follows:
 
2014
 
2013
 
Carrying Value
 
Fair Value
 
Carrying Value
 
Fair Value
Notes payable (1)
$
2,637,941

 
$
2,689,413

 
$
3,058,053

 
$
3,107,119

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Tables)
Changes in the balance of each component of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (AOCI) for the nine months ended September 30, 2014 are as follows:
 
Taubman Centers, Inc. AOCI
 
Noncontrolling Interests AOCI
 
Cumulative translation adjustment
 
Unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate instruments and other
 
Total
 
Cumulative translation adjustment
 
Unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate instruments and other
 
Total
January 1, 2014
$
5,040

 
$
(13,954
)
 
$
(8,914
)
 
$
2,011

 
$
6,141

 
$
8,152

Other comprehensive income/(loss) before reclassifications
(1,741
)
 
(8,478
)
 
(10,219
)
 
(691
)
 
(3,516
)
 
(4,207
)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI

 
9,846

 
9,846

 


 
4,227

 
4,227

Net current period other comprehensive income/(loss)
$
(1,741
)
 
$
1,368

 
$
(373
)
 
$
(691
)
 
$
711

 
$
20

Adjustments due to changes in ownership
7

 
22

 
29

 
(7
)
 
(22
)
 
(29
)
September 30, 2014
$
3,306

 
$
(12,564
)
 
$
(9,258
)
 
$
1,313

 
$
6,830

 
$
8,143

Changes in the balance of each component of AOCI for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 are as follows:

 
Taubman Centers, Inc. AOCI
 
Noncontrolling Interests AOCI
 
Cumulative translation adjustment
 
Unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate instruments and other
 
Total
 
Cumulative translation adjustment
 
Unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate instruments and other
 
Total
January 1, 2013
$
1,888

 
$
(23,952
)
 
$
(22,064
)
 
$
756


$
1,739

 
$
2,495

Other comprehensive income/(loss) before reclassifications
1,127

 
3,981

 
5,108

 
447


1,776

 
2,223

Amounts reclassified from AOCI

 
2,660

 
2,660

 



1,174

 
1,174

Net current period other comprehensive income/(loss)
$
1,127

 
$
6,641

 
$
7,768

 
$
447

 
$
2,950

 
$
3,397

Adjustments due to changes in ownership
5

 
17

 
22

 
(5
)

(17
)
 
(22
)
September 30, 2013
$
3,020

 
$
(17,294
)
 
$
(14,274
)
 
$
1,198

 
$
4,672

 
$
5,870

The following table presents reclassifications out of AOCI for the nine months ended September 30, 2013:
Details about AOCI Components
 
Amounts reclassified from AOCI
 
Affected line item in Consolidated Statement of Operations
(Gains)/losses on interest rate instruments and other:
 
 
 
 
Realized loss on interest rate contracts - consolidated subsidiaries
 
$
2,860

 
Interest Expense
Realized loss on interest rate contracts - UJVs
 
2,297

 
Equity in Income of UJVs
Realized gain on sale of securities
 
(1,323
)
 
Nonoperating Income, net
Total reclassifications for the period
 
$
3,834

 
 
The following table presents reclassifications out of AOCI for the nine months ended September 30, 2014:
Details about AOCI Components
 
Amounts reclassified from AOCI
 
Affected line item in Consolidated Statement of Operations
Losses on interest rate instruments and other:
 
 
 
 
Discontinuation of hedge accounting - consolidated subsidiary
 
$
4,880

 
Nonoperating Expense
Realized loss on interest rate contracts - consolidated subsidiaries
 
$
6,853

 
Interest Expense
Realized loss on interest rate contracts - UJVs
 
2,340

 
Equity in Income of UJVs
Total reclassifications for the period
 
$
14,073

 
 
Cash Flow Disclosures, Supplemental (Tables)
Schedule of Cash Flow, Supplemental Disclosures [Table Text Block]
The following non-cash investing and financing activities occurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2014 and September 30, 2013. This table excludes any non-cash adjustments of noncontrolling interests as a result of equity transactions (Note 7).
 
Nine Months Ended September 30
 
2014
 
2013
Issuance of a note receivable in connection with the sale of peripheral land
 
 
$
7,411

Receipt of Simon Property Group Limited Partnership units in connection with the sale of Arizona Mills (Note 2)
$
77,700

 
 
Issuance of TRG partnership units in connection with the purchase of the U.S. headquarters building (Note 2)
91

 
 
Assumption of debt in connection with the purchase of the U.S. headquarters building (Note 2)
18,215

 
 
Other non-cash additions to properties
53,018

 
14,351

Interim Financial Statements (Details)
Sep. 30, 2014
Dec. 31, 2013
Westfarms [Member]
 
 
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
 
 
Ownership percentage (in hundredths)
79.00% 
79.00% 
International Plaza [Member]
 
 
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
 
 
Ownership percentage (in hundredths)
50.10% 
 
Interim Financial Statements (Operating Partnership) (Details)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2014
Sep. 30, 2013
Dec. 31, 2013
The Operating Partnership [Abstract]
 
 
 
Number of urban and suburban shopping centers in the Company's owned portfolio
24 
 
 
Number of states in which Company operates
12 
 
 
Number Of Classes Of Preferred Stock
three 
 
 
Common stock, shares outstanding
63,319,539 
 
63,101,614 
Number Of Classes Of Preferred Equity
two 
 
 
Managing general partnership interest of the Company in the Operating Partnership (in hundredths)
72.00% 
 
 
Limited Liability Company (LLC) or Limited Partnership (LP), Managing Member or General Partner, Ownership Interest
72.00% 
72.00% 
 
Units of Partnership Interest, Amount
88,454,989 
 
 
Number Of Operating Partnership Units Outstanding Owned By Company
63,319,539 
 
 
Series J Preferred Stock [Member]
 
 
 
The Operating Partnership [Abstract]
 
 
 
Dividend rate (in hundredths)
6.50% 
 
 
Preferred Stock, Shares Outstanding
7,700,000 
 
7,700,000 
Series B Preferred Stock [Member]
 
 
 
The Operating Partnership [Abstract]
 
 
 
Units of Partnership Interest, Terms of Conversion
one share of nonparticipating Series B Preferred Stock per each Operating Partnership unit 
 
 
Preferred Stock, voting rights
one vote per share 
 
 
Convertible Preferred Stock, Terms of Conversion
ratio of 14,000 shares of Series B Preferred Stock for one share of common stock 
 
 
Preferred Stock, Shares Outstanding
25,117,000 
 
25,151,069 
Starwood Transaction [Member]
 
 
 
The Operating Partnership [Abstract]
 
 
 
Number of Centers Held for Sale
seven 
 
 
Acquisitions, Dispositions, and Development (Details) (USD $)
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended 9 Months Ended 9 Months Ended 9 Months Ended 9 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2014
Sep. 30, 2013
Sep. 30, 2014
Sep. 30, 2013
Sep. 30, 2014
Dec. 31, 2013
Sep. 30, 2014
Starwood Transaction [Member]
Sep. 30, 2014
Starwood Transaction [Member]
Sep. 30, 2013
Taubman Prestige Outlets of Chesterfield [Member]
Sep. 30, 2014
Taubman Prestige Outlets of Chesterfield [Member]
Sep. 30, 2014
International Plaza [Member]
Sep. 30, 2014
Arizona Mills [Member]
Sep. 30, 2014
Arizona Mills [Member]
Dec. 31, 2013
Arizona Mills [Member]
Sep. 30, 2014
SPG Units [Member]
Sep. 30, 2014
Northlake [Member]
Starwood Transaction [Member]
Sep. 30, 2014
Mall At Wellington Green [Member]
Starwood Transaction [Member]
Sep. 30, 2014
Mac Arthur Center Member
Starwood Transaction [Member]
Sep. 30, 2014
Mall At Partridge Creek Member
Starwood Transaction [Member]
Sep. 30, 2014
International Market Place [Member]
sqft
Sep. 30, 2014
The Mall at University Town Center [Member]
sqft
Sep. 30, 2014
The Mall of San Juan [Member]
sqft
Sep. 30, 2014
Zhengzhou Vancouver Times Square [Member] [Member]
sqft
Sep. 30, 2014
Xi'an Saigao City Plaza [Member]
sqft
Sep. 30, 2014
Hanam Union Square [Member]
sqft
Jun. 30, 2014
Hanam Union Square [Member]
Sep. 30, 2014
Office Building [Member]
Business Dispositions [Line Items]
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net Consideration Paid to Acquire U.S. Headquarters Building
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$ 16,100,000 
Noncash or Part Noncash Acquisition, Debt Assumed
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
17,400,000 
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
5.90% 
Business Acquisition, Equity Interest Issued or Issuable, Number of Shares
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,431 
Restricted and Other Cash Proceeds Received as Part of the Acquisition of the U.S. Headquarters Building
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,400,000 
Notes payable (Note 5)
 
 
3,058,053,000 
 
2,015,999,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
167,000,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Debt Instrument, Unamortized Premium
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
700,000 
Debt Instrument, Maturity Date
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Feb. 01, 2016 
May 01, 2015 
Sep. 01, 2020 
Jul. 01, 2020 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Apr. 01, 2015 
Notes Payable, Carrying Amount Expected at Date of Defeasance or Settlement
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
216,000,000 
200,000,000 
128,000,000 
78,000,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noncash or Part Noncash Acquisition, Interest Acquired
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10.00% 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noncontrolling Interest, Ownership Percentage by Parent
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
100.00% 
90.00% 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
93.50% 
 
80.00% 
 
 
 
 
 
Noncash Or Part Noncash, Acquisition Interest Sold
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
49.90% 
50.00% 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noncash or Part Noncash Divestiture, Total Consideration Received
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,403,000,000 
 
 
499,000,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Proceeds from dispositions, net of transaction costs (Note 2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
337,000,000 
60,000,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Number of Partnership Units Received as Part of Consideration in Connection with Sale of Equity Method Investment and Other Assets, Original Number of Units Received, Prior to Equity Transaction
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
555,150 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Partnership Units Received as Part of Consideration in Connection with Sale of Equity Method Investment and Other Assets, Fair Value at Acquisition Date
 
 
77,700,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Restriction Period on Sale of Partnership Units Received, years
 
 
one 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Number of Partnership Units Received as Part of Consideration in Connection with Sale of Equity Method Investment and Other Assets, total units after equity transaction
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
590,124 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noncash or Part Noncash Divestiture, Amount of Consideration Received
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
162,000,000 
84,000,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gain (Loss) on Sale of Properties, Net of Applicable Income Taxes
   
 
476,887,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
368,000,000 
109,000,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noncash or Part Noncash Divestiture, Total Consideration Expected, Amount before Transaction Costs
 
 
 
 
 
 
716,000,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Expected Cash Proceeds from Divestiture of Real Estate Properties
 
 
 
 
 
 
736,000,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noncash Divestiture, Amount of Consideration Expected, Debt Defeased or Assumed
 
 
 
 
 
 
623,000,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Transaction Costs Incurred
 
 
 
 
 
 
44,000,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gain (Loss) on Discontinuation of Cash Flow Hedge Due to Forecasted Transaction Probable of Not Occurring, Inclusive of the Adjustment to Fair Value
 
 
(5,507,000)
 
 
 
(5,500,000)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gain (Loss) on Discontinuation of Cash Flow Hedge Due to Forecasted Transaction Probable of Not Occurring, Net, Plus Adjustments to Fair Value, At Beneficial Interest
 
 
 
 
 
 
(5,200,000)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Restructuring and Related Cost, Cost Incurred to Date
 
 
 
 
 
 
3,000,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Disposition Costs Incurred
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,000,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gain (Loss) on Sale of Properties, Applicable Income Taxes
   
 
9,733,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
9,700,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
50.10% 
0.00% 
 
50.00% 
 
 
 
 
 
 
50.00% 
 
32.00% 
30.00% 
34.30% 
30.00% 
 
Value of Partnership Unit Received in Connection with Disposition
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$ 154.91 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Area of Real Estate Property
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
400,000 
900,000 
700,000 
1,000,000 
1,000,000 
1,700,000 
 
 
Joint Venture Cash Acquisition, Interest Acquired
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
19.00% 
 
 
Construction in Progress, Gross
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
85,000,000 
 
321,900,000 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures
361,729,000 
 
361,729,000 
 
 
327,692,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
138,200,000 
 
41,700,000 
58,200,000 
127,800,000 
 
 
Cumulative translation adjustment
(4,282,000)
5,086,000 
(2,432,000)
1,574,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
400,000 
1,100,000 
2,900,000 
 
 
Construction in Progress, Gross, Company's Share
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
79,600,000 
 
258,900,000 
 
 
 
 
 
Joint Venture, Ownership Percentage
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
60.00% 
49.00% 
 
 
Outside Partner, Ownership Percentage
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
14.70% 
 
 
Number of Loans to be Defeased or Assumed
 
 
 
 
 
 
four 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Effective Percentage
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
5.41% 
5.44% 
4.99% 
6.15% 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Assets Held-for-sale, Property, Plant and Equipment
 
 
 
 
 
 
754,180,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other Assets Held-for-sale
 
 
 
 
 
 
25,883,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Assets Held-for-sale, at Carrying Value
780,063,000 
 
780,063,000 
 
 
 
780,063,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities Held-for-Sale, Notes Payable
 
 
 
 
 
 
621,945,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other Liabilities Held for Sale
 
 
 
 
 
 
30,123,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities of Assets Held-for-sale
652,068,000 
 
652,068,000 
 
 
 
652,068,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Number of Centers Held for Sale
 
 
 
 
 
 
seven 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Restructuring Reserve
$ 2,300,000 
 
$ 2,300,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income Taxes (Details) (USD $)
In Thousands, unless otherwise specified
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2014
Sep. 30, 2013
Sep. 30, 2014
Sep. 30, 2013
Dec. 31, 2013
Income tax expense (benefit) [Abstract]
 
 
 
 
 
State current
$ 1 
$ 47 
$ 1,520 
$ 298 
 
Deferred State and Local Income Tax Expense (Benefit)
(4)
(34)
(16)
(59)
 
Federal current
313 
160 
7,851 
468 
 
Federal deferred
(26)
(38)
1,139 
251 
 
Foreign current
399 
1,353 
980 
1,983 
 
Foreign deferred
   
(35)
(48)
(226)
 
Income Tax Expense (Benefit), Gross of Tax on Gain
683 
1,453 
11,426 
2,715 
 
Gain (Loss) on Sale of Properties, Applicable Income Taxes
   
 
9,733 
 
 
Total income tax expense
683 
1,453 
1,693 
2,715 
 
Deferred tax assets:
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred tax assets
3,979 
 
3,979 
 
5,094 
Valuation allowances
(1,783)
 
(1,783)
 
(1,831)
Net deferred tax assets
2,196 
 
2,196 
 
3,263 
Deferred tax liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred tax liabilities
1,167 
 
1,167 
 
1,158 
Tax impact of share-based compensation from redemption of share-based compensation awards
 
 
71 
405 
 
Domestic Country [Member]
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred tax assets:
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred tax assets
1,607 
 
1,607 
 
2,746 
Deferred tax liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred tax liabilities
602 
 
602 
 
602 
Foreign Country [Member]
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred tax assets:
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred tax assets
1,822 
 
1,822 
 
1,821 
Deferred tax liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred tax liabilities
474 
 
474 
 
449 
State and Local Jurisdiction [Member]
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred tax assets:
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred tax assets
550 
 
550 
 
527 
Deferred tax liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred tax liabilities
91 
 
91 
 
107 
International Plaza [Member]
 
 
 
 
 
Income tax expense (benefit) [Abstract]
 
 
 
 
 
Gain (Loss) on Sale of Properties, Applicable Income Taxes
 
 
9,700 
 
 
Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred tax liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
Tax impact of share-based compensation from redemption of share-based compensation awards
 
 
$ 71 
$ 405 
 
Investments in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures (Details) (USD $)
In Billions, unless otherwise specified
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2014
Dec. 31, 2013
Equity method investment, difference between carrying amount and underlying equity [Abstract]
 
 
Depreciable Basis In Years
40 years 
 
Equity of certain joint ventures
less than zero 
 
Fair Value Of Unconsolidated Joint Ventures Notes Payable
$ 1.8 
$ 1.5 
Fair Oaks [Member]
 
 
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
 
 
Ownership percentage (in hundredths)
50.00% 
50.00% 
International Plaza [Member]
 
 
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
 
 
Ownership percentage (in hundredths)
50.10% 
100.00% 
The Mall at Millenia [Member]
 
 
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
 
 
Ownership percentage (in hundredths)
50.00% 
50.00% 
Stamford Town Center [Member]
 
 
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
 
 
Ownership percentage (in hundredths)
50.00% 
50.00% 
Sunvalley [Member]
 
 
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
 
 
Ownership percentage (in hundredths)
50.00% 
50.00% 
Waterside Shops [Member]
 
 
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
 
 
Ownership percentage (in hundredths)
50.00% 
50.00% 
Westfarms [Member]
 
 
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
 
 
Ownership percentage (in hundredths)
79.00% 
79.00% 
The Mall at University Town Center [Member]
 
 
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
 
 
Ownership percentage (in hundredths)
50.00% 
 
Arizona Mills Member
 
 
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
 
 
Ownership percentage (in hundredths)
0.00% 
50.00% 
Noncash Or Part Noncash, Acquisition Interest Sold
50.00% 
 
International Plaza [Member]
 
 
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
 
 
Ownership percentage (in hundredths)
50.10% 
 
Noncash Or Part Noncash, Acquisition Interest Sold
49.90% 
 
Investments in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures (Combined Financial Information Balance Sheet) (Details) (USD $)
In Thousands, unless otherwise specified
Sep. 30, 2014
Dec. 31, 2013
Assets:
 
 
Properties
$ 1,517,439 
$ 1,305,658 
Accumulated depreciation and amortization
(539,451)
(478,820)
Properties, net
977,988 
826,838 
Cash and cash equivalents
28,763 
28,782 
Allowance for doubtful accounts
1,364 
977 
Accounts and notes receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $1,364 and $977 in 2014 and 2013
29,399 
33,626 
Deferred charges and other assets
31,740 
28,095 
Total Assets
1,067,890 
917,341 
Liabilities and accumulated deficiency in assets:
 
 
Notes payable
1,785,602 
1,551,161 
Accounts payable and other liabilities
73,889 
70,226 
TRG's accumulated deficiency in assets
(453,452)
(412,204)
Unconsolidated Joint Venture Partners' accumulated deficiency in assets
(338,149)
(291,842)
Equity Method Investment, Summarized Financial Information, Liabilities and Equity
1,067,890 
917,341 
TRG's accumulated deficiency in assets (above)
(453,452)
(412,204)
TRG's investment in properties under development (Note 2)
226,853 
193,306 
TRG basis adjustments, including elimination of intercompany profit
131,070 
118,132 
TCO's additional basis
55,449 
56,909 
Equity Method Investment Difference Between Carrying Amount And Underlying Equity Net Investment
(40,080)
(43,857)
Distributions in excess of investments in and net income of Unconsolidated Joint Ventures
401,809 
371,549 
Investment in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures
$ 361,729 
$ 327,692 
Investments in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures (Combined Financial Information Income Statement) (Details) (USD $)
In Thousands, unless otherwise specified
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2014
Sep. 30, 2013
Sep. 30, 2014
Sep. 30, 2013
Equity method investment, summarized financial information, income statement [Abstract]
 
 
 
 
Revenues
$ 80,671 
$ 71,858 
$ 238,190 
$ 209,183 
Maintenance, taxes, utilities, promotion, and other operating expenses
25,040 
22,933 
75,486 
67,037 
Interest expense
18,518 
17,302 
55,065 
51,758 
Depreciation and amortization
11,417 
9,237 
32,613 
27,155 
Total operating costs
54,975 
49,472 
163,164 
145,950 
Nonoperating income
(22)
(1)
(25)
(1)
Net income
25,674 
22,385 
75,001 
63,232 
Net income attributable to TRG
14,258 
12,402 
41,319 
35,103 
Realized intercompany profit, net of depreciation on TRG’s basis adjustments
707 
306 
1,363 
405 
Depreciation of TCO's additional basis
(486)
(488)
(1,460)
(1,461)
Equity in income of Unconsolidated Joint Ventures
14,479 
12,220 
41,222 
34,047 
Beneficial interest in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures’ operations:
 
 
 
 
Revenues less maintenance, taxes, utilities, promotion, and other operating expenses
31,762 
28,000 
92,336 
80,777 
Interest expense
(10,006)
(9,415)
(29,805)
(28,192)
Depreciation and amortization
$ (7,277)
$ (6,365)
$ (21,309)
$ (18,538)
Beneficial Interest in Debt and Interest Expense (Details) (USD $)
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2014
Sep. 30, 2013
Sep. 30, 2014
Sep. 30, 2013
Dec. 31, 2013
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
 
 
 
 
 
Notes Payable, Gross of Notes Payable Held for Sale
$ 2,637,941,000 
 
$ 2,637,941,000 
 
 
Line of Credit Facility, Expiration Date
 
 
Apr. 01, 2016 
 
 
At 100% [Abstract]
 
 
 
 
 
Debt, consolidated subsidiaries at 100%
2,015,999,000 
 
2,015,999,000 
 
3,058,053,000 
Debt, unconsolidated joint ventures at 100%
1,785,602,000 
 
1,785,602,000 
 
1,551,161,000 
Capitalized interest, consolidated subsidiaries at 100%
 
 
18,844,000 
11,511,000 
 
Capitalized interest, unconsolidated joint ventures @100%
 
 
2,836,000 
73,000 
 
Interest expense, consolidated subsidiaries at 100%
23,382,000 
32,515,000 
74,946,000 
99,589,000 
 
Interest Expense, Unconsolidated Joint Ventures, at 100%
 
 
55,065,000 
51,578,000 
 
Other Restrictions on Payment of Dividends
 
 
0.95 
 
 
Restricted cash (Note 5)
43,258,000 
 
43,258,000 
 
5,046,000 
Cash in escrow related to construction projects
 
 
39,600,000 
 
 
At beneficial interest [Abstract]
 
 
 
 
 
Debt Consolidated Subsidiaries At Beneficial Interest
2,448,342,000 
 
2,448,342,000 
 
2,891,592,000 
Debt, unconsolidated joint ventures at beneficial interest
984,512,000 
 
984,512,000 
 
868,942,000 
Capitalized interest, consolidated subsidiaries at beneficial interest
 
 
18,136,000 
11,169,000 
 
Capitalized Interest, Unconsolidated Joint Ventures at Beneficial Interest
 
 
1,430,000 
46,000 
 
Interest expense, consolidated subsidiaries at beneficial interest
 
 
68,687,000 
93,049,000 
 
Interest expense, unconsolidated joint ventures at beneficial interest
10,006,000 
9,415,000 
29,805,000 
28,192,000 
 
The Mall at University Town Center [Member]
 
 
 
 
 
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
 
 
 
 
 
Construction Loan
155,600,000 
 
155,600,000 
 
 
Unconditional Guaranty Liability, Principal Balance, Percent
25.00% 
 
25.00% 
 
 
Interest Payable
200,000 
 
200,000 
 
 
At beneficial interest [Abstract]
 
 
 
 
 
Unconditional Guaranty Liability Upon Achievement of Performance Inventives, Principal Balance, Percent,
12.50% 
 
12.50% 
 
 
Unconditional Guaranty Liability, Interest, Percent
50.00% 
 
50.00% 
 
 
Construction Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity
225,000,000 
 
225,000,000 
 
 
Cherry Creek Shopping Center [Member]
 
 
 
 
 
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
 
 
 
 
 
Noncontrolling Interest, Ownership Percentage by Noncontrolling Owners
50.00% 
 
50.00% 
 
 
International Plaza [Member]
 
 
 
 
 
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
 
 
 
 
 
Noncash Or Part Noncash, Acquisition Interest Sold
 
 
49.90% 
 
 
Mall At Wellington Green [Member]
 
 
 
 
 
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
 
 
 
 
 
Noncontrolling Interest, Ownership Percentage by Noncontrolling Owners
10.00% 
 
10.00% 
 
 
Mac Arthur Center Member
 
 
 
 
 
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
 
 
 
 
 
Noncontrolling Interest, Ownership Percentage by Noncontrolling Owners
5.00% 
 
5.00% 
 
 
The Mall of San Juan [Member]
 
 
 
 
 
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
 
 
 
 
 
Construction Loan
116,000,000 
 
116,000,000 
 
 
Interest Payable
100,000 
 
100,000 
 
 
At beneficial interest [Abstract]
 
 
 
 
 
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate Terms
 
 
LIBOR plus 2.00% 
 
 
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate Terms, Performance Contingency
 
 
LIBOR plus 1.75% 
 
 
Number of Extension Options
 
 
two 
 
 
Length Of Extension Option
 
 
one-year 
 
 
Construction Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity
320,000,000 
 
320,000,000 
 
 
Term of Construction Facility, years
 
 
three 
 
 
Stony Point [Member]
 
 
 
 
 
At 100% [Abstract]
 
 
 
 
 
Debt, consolidated subsidiaries at 100%
99,500,000 
 
99,500,000 
 
 
Secondary Line of Credit [Member]
 
 
 
 
 
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
 
 
 
 
 
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity
65,000,000 
 
65,000,000 
 
 
Line of Credit [Member]
 
 
 
 
 
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
 
 
 
 
 
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity
1,100,000,000 
 
1,100,000,000 
 
 
Starwood Transaction [Member]
 
 
 
 
 
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities Held-for-Sale, Notes Payable
621,945,000 
 
621,945,000 
 
 
Liabilities Held-for-Sale, Notes Payable, At Beneficial Interest
$ 596,000,000 
 
$ 596,000,000 
 
 
Beneficial Interest in Debt and Interest Expense (Specific Debt Instrument Detail) (Details) (USD $)
In Thousands, unless otherwise specified
Sep. 30, 2014
Dec. 31, 2013
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
 
 
Notes Payable
$ 2,015,999 
$ 3,058,053 
The Mall at University Town Center [Member]
 
 
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
 
 
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage
50.00% 
 
Beneficial Interest in Debt and Interest Expense (Debt Covenants and Guarantees) (Details) (USD $)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2014
Dec. 31, 2013
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
 
 
Other Restrictions on Payment of Dividends
0.95 
 
Restricted cash
$ 43,258,000 
$ 5,046,000 
Cash in escrow related to construction projects
39,600,000 
 
The Mall of San Juan [Member]
 
 
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
 
 
Construction Loan
116,000,000 
 
Interest Payable
$ 100,000 
 
Equity Transactions (Details) (USD $)
9 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2013
Sep. 30, 2014
Sep. 30, 2014
Series K Preferred Stock [Member]
Schedule of Equity Transactions [Line Items]
 
 
 
Stock Repurchase Program, Authorized Amount
 
$ 200,000,000 
 
Stock Repurchased During Period, Shares
 
787,071 
 
Stock Acquired and Retired During Period, Cost Per Share
 
$ 66.45 
 
Stock Repurchased During Period, Value
 
(52,300,000)
 
Preferred Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues
 
 
6,800,000 
Preferred Stock, Dividend Rate, Percentage
 
 
6.25% 
Preferred Stock Issued During Period, Value, New Issues
164,395,000 
 
164,400,000 
Adjustments to Additional Paid in Capital, Stock Issued, Issuance Costs
 
 
$ 5,600,000 
Noncontrolling Interests (Details) (USD $)
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended 9 Months Ended 9 Months Ended 9 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2014
Sep. 30, 2013
Sep. 30, 2014
Sep. 30, 2013
Dec. 31, 2013
Sep. 30, 2014
Taubman Asia [Member]
Dec. 31, 2013
Taubman Asia [Member]
Sep. 30, 2014
International Market Place [Member]
Dec. 31, 2013
International Market Place [Member]
Sep. 30, 2014
Taubman Prestige Outlets of Chesterfield [Member]
Sep. 30, 2013
Taubman Prestige Outlets of Chesterfield [Member]
Sep. 30, 2014
Finite Life Entities [Member]
Sep. 30, 2014
Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]
Sep. 30, 2013
Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]
Dec. 31, 2013
Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]
Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Percentage of dividends to which the President is entitled (in hundredths)
 
 
 
 
 
10.00% 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Percentage of President's dividends withheld as contributions to capital (in hundredths)
 
 
 
 
 
85.00% 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Percentage of noncontrolling interests (in hundredths)
 
 
 
 
 
10.00% 
 
6.50% 
 
10.00% 
 
 
 
 
 
Temporary Equity, Redemption Percentage
 
 
 
 
 
40.00% 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Temporary Equity, Redemption Percentage 2014 - June 2017
 
 
 
 
 
50.00% 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Temporary Equity, Redemption Percentage beginning June 2017
 
 
 
 
 
100.00% 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Temporary Equity, Carrying Amount, Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest
 
 
 
 
 
$ 0 
$ 0 
$ 0 
$ 0 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ownership percentage in consolidated subsidiary (in hundredths)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
93.50% 
 
90.00% 
100.00% 
 
 
 
 
Noncontrolling Interest in Net Income (Loss) Joint Venture Partners, Nonredeemable
2,643,000 
2,198,000 
8,013,000 
6,752,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noncontrolling Interest in Net Income (Loss) Operating Partnerships, Nonredeemable
14,057,000 
10,338,000 
170,922,000 
29,915,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest
16,700,000 
12,536,000 
178,935,000 
36,667,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-redeemable noncontrolling interests:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noncontrolling interests in consolidated joint ventures
(17,790,000)
 
(17,790,000)
 
(37,191,000)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noncontrolling interests in partnership equity of TRG
71,698,000 
 
71,698,000 
 
(58,342,000)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noncontrolling interests (Note 7)
53,908,000 
 
53,908,000 
 
(95,533,000)
 
 
 
 
 
 
(22,500,000)
 
 
 
Effects of changes in ownership interest in consolidated subsidiaries on equity [Abstract]
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income attributable to Taubman Centers, Inc. common shareowners
33,682,000 
24,488,000 
424,151,000 
70,074,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Transfers (to) from the noncontrolling interest:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Increase in Taubman Centers, Inc.’s paid-in capital for adjustments of noncontrolling interest (1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
54,000 
5,995,000 
 
Noncontrolling Interest, Decrease from Redemptions or Purchase of Interests
 
 
 
(1,050,000)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,050,000 
1,050,000 
Net transfers (to) from noncontrolling interests
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
54,000 
4,945,000 
 
Change from net income attributable to Taubman Centers, Inc. and transfers from noncontrolling interests
 
 
424,205,000 
75,019,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Finite Life Entities [Abstract]
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Terminaton date of partnership agreement
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Jan. 01, 2083 
 
 
 
Estimated fair value of noncontrolling interests in finite life entities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
400,000,000 
 
 
 
Payments for Repurchase of Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest
 
 
 
$ 1,050,000 
 
 
 
 
 
$ 1,100,000 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivative and Hedging Activities (Interest Rate Derivatives) (Details) (USD $)
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2014
Sep. 30, 2014
Unsecured Debt [Member]
 
 
Cash flow hedges of interest rate risk [Abstract]
 
 
Derivative, Description of Variable Rate Basis
 
one-month LIBOR 
Unsecured Debt
$ 475,000,000 
$ 475,000,000 
Derivative, Lower Range of Basis Spread on Variable Rate
1.35% 
1.35% 
Derivative, Higher Range of Basis Spread on Variable Rate
1.90% 
1.90% 
Consolidated Subsidiaries Interest Rate Swap1 - Non-Designated Derivative [Member]
 
 
Derivative [Line Items]
 
 
Gain (Loss) on Discontinuation of Cash Flow Hedge Due to Forecasted Transaction Probable of Not Occurring, Net
 
4,900,000 
Change in Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Fair Value Hedging Instruments
200,000 
600,000 
Cash flow hedges of interest rate risk [Abstract]
 
 
Noncontrolling Interest, Ownership Percentage by Parent
95.00% 
95.00% 
Derivative, Notional Amount
128,100,000 
128,100,000 
Derivative, Fixed Interest Rate
2.64% 
2.64% 
Derivative, Basis Spread on Variable Rate
2.35% 
2.35% 
Total Swapped Rate On Loan
4.99% 
4.99% 
Derivative, Maturity Date
 
Sep. 01, 2020 
Consolidated Subsidiaries Interest Rate Swap 2 [Domain]
 
 
Cash flow hedges of interest rate risk [Abstract]
 
 
Noncontrolling Interest, Ownership Percentage by Parent
100.00% 
100.00% 
Derivative, Notional Amount
200,000,000 
200,000,000 
Derivative, Fixed Interest Rate
1.64% 
1.64% 
Derivative, Basis Spread on Variable Rate
1.35% 
1.35% 
Total Swapped Rate On Loan
2.99% 
2.99% 
Derivative, Maturity Date
 
Feb. 01, 2019 
Consolidated Subsidiaries Interest Rate Swap 3 [Domain]
 
 
Cash flow hedges of interest rate risk [Abstract]
 
 
Noncontrolling Interest, Ownership Percentage by Parent
100.00% 
100.00% 
Derivative, Notional Amount
175,000,000 
175,000,000 
Derivative, Fixed Interest Rate
1.65% 
1.65% 
Derivative, Basis Spread on Variable Rate
1.35% 
1.35% 
Total Swapped Rate On Loan
3.00% 
3.00% 
Derivative, Maturity Date
 
Feb. 01, 2019 
Consolidated Subsidiaries Interest Rate Swap 4 [Domain]
 
 
Cash flow hedges of interest rate risk [Abstract]
 
 
Noncontrolling Interest, Ownership Percentage by Parent
100.00% 
100.00% 
Derivative, Notional Amount
100,000,000 
100,000,000 
Derivative, Fixed Interest Rate
1.64% 
1.64% 
Derivative, Basis Spread on Variable Rate
1.35% 
1.35% 
Total Swapped Rate On Loan
2.99% 
2.99% 
Derivative, Maturity Date
 
Feb. 01, 2019 
Unconsolidated Joint Ventures Interest Rate Swap 1 [Member]
 
 
Cash flow hedges of interest rate risk [Abstract]
 
 
Noncontrolling Interest, Ownership Percentage by Parent
50.00% 
50.00% 
Derivative, Notional Amount
137,200,000 
137,200,000 
Derivative, Fixed Interest Rate
2.40% 
2.40% 
Derivative, Basis Spread on Variable Rate
1.70% 
1.70% 
Total Swapped Rate On Loan
4.10% 
4.10% 
Derivative, Maturity Date
 
Apr. 01, 2018 
Unconsolidated Joint Ventures Interest Rate Swap2 Member
 
 
Cash flow hedges of interest rate risk [Abstract]
 
 
Noncontrolling Interest, Ownership Percentage by Parent
50.00% 
50.00% 
Derivative, Notional Amount
137,200,000 
137,200,000 
Derivative, Fixed Interest Rate
2.40% 
2.40% 
Derivative, Basis Spread on Variable Rate
1.70% 
1.70% 
Total Swapped Rate On Loan
4.10% 
4.10% 
Derivative, Maturity Date
 
Apr. 01, 2018 
Nonoperating Income (Expense) [Member] |
Cash Flow Hedging [Member] |
Consolidated Subsidiaries Interest Rate Swap1 - Non-Designated Derivative [Member]
 
 
Derivative [Line Items]
 
 
Gain (Loss) on Discontinuation of Cash Flow Hedge Due to Forecasted Transaction Probable of Not Occurring, Net
 
$ (4,880,000)
Derivative and Hedging Activities (Effect of Derivative Instruments on the Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Income) (Details) (USD $)
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2014
Sep. 30, 2013
Sep. 30, 2014
Sep. 30, 2013
Derivative instruments, gain (loss) [Line Items]
 
 
 
 
Interest Rate Cash Flow Hedge Gain (Loss) to be Reclassified During Next 12 Months, Net
$ 9,700,000 
 
$ 9,700,000 
 
Cash Flow Hedging [Member]
 
 
 
 
Effect of derivative instruments on the Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
 
 
 
 
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Effective Portion, Net
4,958,000 
(396,000)
(3,035,000)
10,414,000 
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income, Effective Portion, Net
(2,599,000)
(1,589,000)
(14,073,000)
(4,703,000)
Realized losses on settled cash flow hedges
(151,000)
(454,000)
Cash Flow Hedging [Member] |
Interest rate contracts – consolidated subsidiaries |
Other comprehensive income [Member]
 
 
 
 
Effect of derivative instruments on the Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
 
 
 
 
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Effective Portion, Net
3,692,000 
(67,000)
(4,043,000)
6,375,000 
Cash Flow Hedging [Member] |
Interest rate contracts – consolidated subsidiaries |
Interest expense [Member]
 
 
 
 
Effect of derivative instruments on the Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
 
 
 
 
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income, Effective Portion, Net
(1,810,000)
(812,000)
(6,853,000)
(2,406,000)
Realized losses on settled cash flow hedges
 
(151,000)
   
(454,000)
Cash Flow Hedging [Member] |
Interest rate contracts - UJVs [Member] |
Other comprehensive income [Member]
 
 
 
 
Effect of derivative instruments on the Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
 
 
 
 
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Effective Portion, Net
1,266,000 
(329,000)
1,008,000 
4,039,000 
Cash Flow Hedging [Member] |
Interest rate contracts - UJVs [Member] |
Equity Method Investments [Member]
 
 
 
 
Effect of derivative instruments on the Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
 
 
 
 
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income, Effective Portion, Net
(789,000)
(777,000)
(2,340,000)
(2,297,000)
Consolidated Subsidiaries Interest Rate Swap1 - Non-Designated Derivative [Member]
 
 
 
 
Derivative instruments, gain (loss) [Line Items]
 
 
 
 
Gain (Loss) on Discontinuation of Cash Flow Hedge Due to Forecasted Transaction Probable of Not Occurring, Net
 
 
4,900,000 
 
Consolidated Subsidiaries Interest Rate Swap1 - Non-Designated Derivative [Member] |
Cash Flow Hedging [Member] |
Nonoperating Income (Expense) [Member]
 
 
 
 
Derivative instruments, gain (loss) [Line Items]
 
 
 
 
Gain (Loss) on Discontinuation of Cash Flow Hedge Due to Forecasted Transaction Probable of Not Occurring, Net
 
 
$ (4,880,000)
 
Derivative and Hedging Activities (Location and Fair Value of Derivative Instruments as Reported in the Consoiidated Balance Sheet) (Details) (USD $)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2014
Dec. 31, 2013
Location and fair value of derivative instruments as reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheet [Abstract]
 
 
Total liability derivatives designated as hedging instruments
$ (10,500,000)
$ (9,400,000)
Contingent features [Abstract]
 
 
Maximum amount of defaults on any of the hedged entity's indebtedness before the derivative obligation could also be declared in default
1,000,000 
 
Credit Derivative, Recourse Provisions
provisions that state if the Operating Partnership defaults on any of its recourse indebtedness in excess of $50 million, then the derivative obligation could also be declared in default 
 
Interest Rate Contracts Consolidated Subsidiaries Member |
Deferred Charges And Other Assets [Member]
 
 
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
 
 
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset
   
1,543,000 
Interest Rate Contracts Consolidated Subsidiaries Member |
Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities [Member]
 
 
Location and fair value of derivative instruments as reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheet [Abstract]
 
 
Total liability derivatives designated as hedging instruments
(726,000)
(3,418,000)
Interest Rate Contracts Ujvs Member |
Investment in UJVs [Member]
 
 
Location and fair value of derivative instruments as reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheet [Abstract]
 
 
Total liability derivatives designated as hedging instruments
(4,929,000)
(5,938,000)
Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member]
 
 
Location and fair value of derivative instruments as reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheet [Abstract]
 
 
Total liability derivatives designated as hedging instruments
(5,655,000)
(9,356,000)
Credit Default Option [Member]
 
 
Contingent features [Abstract]
 
 
Number of Interest Rate Derivatives Held
 
Not Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member]
 
 
Location and fair value of derivative instruments as reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheet [Abstract]
 
 
Derivative Instruments Not Designated as Hedging Instruments, Liability, at Fair Value
(4,874,000)
 
Derivative [Member]
 
 
Location and fair value of derivative instruments as reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheet [Abstract]
 
 
Total liability derivatives designated as hedging instruments
$ (10,529,000)
$ (9,356,000)
Share-Based Compensation (Details) (USD $)
In Millions, except Share data, unless otherwise specified
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended 9 Months Ended 12 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2014
Rate
Sep. 30, 2013
Sep. 30, 2014
Rate
Sep. 30, 2013
Sep. 30, 2014
2008 Omnibus Plan [Member]
Sep. 30, 2014
Employee Stock Option [Member]
Sep. 30, 2013
Employee Stock Option [Member]
Dec. 31, 2013
Employee Stock Option [Member]
Sep. 30, 2014
Unissued Partnership Units Under Unit Option Deferral Election Member
Sep. 30, 2014
Performance Shares [Member]
Sep. 30, 2014
Total Performance Share Units [Member]
Sep. 30, 2014
Restricted Share Units [Member]
Sep. 30, 2014
Total Restricted Share Units [Member]
Sep. 30, 2014
Additional Restricted Share Units [Member]
Deferred compensation arrangements [Abstract]
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Aggregate number of Company common shares or Operating Partnership units approved for awards under the 2008 Omnibus Plan, amended (in shares)
 
 
 
 
8,500,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The ratio at which non-option awards granted after the May 2010 amendment are deducted from the shares available for grant
1.85 
 
1.85 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The ratio at which non-option awards granted prior to the May 2010 amendment are deducted from the shares available for grant
2.85 
 
2.85 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The ratio at which options awards granted are deducted from the shares available for grant
 
 
one-for-one 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Share-based compensation, allocation and classification in financial statements [Abstract]
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Compensation cost charged to income for the Company's share-based compensation plans
$ 3.4 
$ 3.6 
$ 9.8 
$ 9.7 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Summary of option activity [Roll Forward]
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Outstanding at January 1, 2014
 
 
 
 
 
563,436 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Outstanding at September 30, 2014
 
 
 
 
 
521,293 
 
563,436 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding, Weighted Average Exercise Price
 
 
 
 
 
$ 43.95 
 
$ 43.81 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding, Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term, Beginning of Period
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2.6 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding, Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term, End of Period
 
 
 
 
 
1.9 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Share Based Compensation Shares Authorized Under Stock Option Plans Exercise Price Range Lower Range
 
 
 
 
 
$ 31.31 
 
$ 31.31 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Share Based Compensation Shares Authorized Under Stock Option Plans Exercise Price Range Upper Range
 
 
 
 
 
$ 55.90 
 
$ 55.90 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fully vested options at September 30, 2014
 
 
 
 
 
521,293 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercisable, Weighted Average Exercise Price
 
 
 
 
 
$ 43.95 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercisable, Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)
 
 
 
 
 
1.9 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Summary of option activity, additional disclosures [Abstract]
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Aggregate intrinsic value of in-the-money options outstanding
 
 
 
 
 
15.1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercises in Period, Total Intrinsic Value
 
 
 
 
 
1.4 
3.6 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Cash Received from Exercise of Stock Options
 
 
 
 
 
1.8 
2.9 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Aggregate Disclosures [Abstract]
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Options exercised under unit option deferral election plan (in shares)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3,000,000 
 
 
 
 
 
The number of mature units tendered for the exercise of previously issued stock options under the unit option deferral election plan (in shares)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2,100,000 
 
 
 
 
 
The number of units deferred under the unit option deferral election upon the exercise of previously issued stock options (in shares)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
900,000 
 
 
 
 
 
Date at which deferred partnership units begin to be issued
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 2017 
 
 
 
 
 
Number of Annual Installments during which Deferred Partnership Units will be issued
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ten 
 
 
 
 
 
Summary of non-option activity, additional disclosures [Abstract]
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Awards under the 2008 Omnibus Plan
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Each PSU represents the right to receive, upon vesting, shares of the Company’s common stock ranging from 0-300% of the PSU based on the Company’s market performance relative to that of a peer group 
 
represent the right to receive upon vesting one share of the Company’s common stock 
 
represent the right to receive upon vesting one share of the Company’s common stock 
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Fair Value Assumptions, Risk Free Interest Rate
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
0.70% 
 
 
 
 
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Fair Value Assumptions, Risk Free Interest Rate, Minimum
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
0.70% 
 
0.13% 
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Fair Value Assumptions, Risk Free Interest Rate, Maximum
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
0.71% 
Weighted average grant-date fair value
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$ 93.07 
 
$ 63.95 
 
$ 66.19 
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Vesting Period
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
three years 
 
 
 
 
Right to Receive Upon Vesting Shares of Common Stock as Percentage of PSU, Actual Vested During Period
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
172.00% 
 
 
 
 
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Nonvested Awards, Total Compensation Cost Not yet Recognized
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
16.2 
 
8.6 
 
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Nonvested Awards, Total Compensation Cost Not yet Recognized, Period for Recognition
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
25 months 13 days 
 
21 months 11 days 
 
Summary of non-option activity [Roll Forward]
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Outstanding at January 1, 2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
234,863 
 
269,899 
 
Vested (in shares)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(43,858)
 
(98,213)
 
Granted
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
49,157 
 
106,540 
 
8,505 
Outstanding at September 30, 2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
239,391 
 
281,888 
 
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Forfeited in Period
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(771)
 
(4,843)
 
Outstanding at beginning of period, weighted average grant date fair value (in dollars per share)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$ 139.18 
 
$ 62.00 
 
Vested, weighted average grant date fair value (in dollars per share)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$ 85.40 
 
$ 51.07 
 
Granted, weighted average grant date fair value (in dollars per share)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$ 93.07 
 
$ 63.95 
 
$ 66.19 
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Forfeitures, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$ 160.09 
 
$ 65.44 
 
Outstanding at end of period, weighted average grant date fair value (in dollars per share)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$ 139.50 
 
$ 66.65 
 
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Allocation of Recognized Period Costs, Capitalized Amount
$ 0.4 
$ 0.4 
$ 1.5 
$ 1.2 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercises in Period
 
 
 
 
 
42,143 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Share-based Compensation Arrangements by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercises in Period, Weighted Average Exercise Price
 
 
 
 
 
$ 42.16 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commitments and Contingencies (Details) (USD $)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2014
Cash tender [Abstract]
 
Minimum aggregate value of Operating Partnership units to be tendered
$ 50,000,000 
Fair Value of Written Option, Cash Tender Agreement
zero 
Market value per common share (in dollars per share)
$ 73.00 
Approximate aggregate value of interests in the Operating Partnership that may be tendered
1,800,000,000 
Additional interest the Company would have owned in the Operating Partnership upon purchase of interests (in hundredths)
27.00% 
Continuing offer [Abstract]
 
Common Stock, Conversion Basis
one unit of the Operating Partnership interest is exchangeable for one share of the Company's common stock 
Case No CV01619 [Member]
 
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
 
Number Of Restaurant Owners That Filed Lawsuit
Minimum amount of damages sought by plaintiff
$ 20,000,000 
Continuing offer [Abstract]
 
Number Of Restaurants That Filed Lawsuit
NumberOfIndividualsSuitWasFiledAgainst
Series B Preferred Stock [Member]
 
Continuing offer [Abstract]
 
Convertible Preferred Stock, Terms of Conversion
ratio of 14,000 shares of Series B Preferred Stock for one share of common stock 
Earnings Per Share (Details) (USD $)
In Thousands, except Share data, unless otherwise specified
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2014
Sep. 30, 2013
Sep. 30, 2014
Sep. 30, 2013
Net income attributable to Taubman Centers, Inc. common shareowners (Numerator):
 
 
 
 
Basic
$ 33,682 
$ 24,488 
$ 424,151 
$ 70,074 
Impact of additional ownership of TRG
121 
107 
4,151 
352 
Diluted
$ 33,803 
$ 24,595 
$ 428,302 
$ 70,426 
Shares (Denominator) – basic
63,317,680 
63,753,748 
63,249,400 
63,653,155 
Effect of dilutive securities
770,062 
937,161 
1,626,651 
1,049,493 
Shares (Denominator) – diluted
64,087,742 
64,690,909 
64,876,051 
64,702,648 
Earnings per common share - basic
$ 0.53 
$ 0.38 
$ 6.71 
$ 1.10 
Earnings per common share – diluted
$ 0.53 
$ 0.38 
$ 6.60 
$ 1.09 
Weighted average noncontrolling partnership units outstanding
 
 
 
 
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
 
 
 
 
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share, Amount
4,369,590 
4,494,470 
4,352,233 
4,557,851 
Unissued partnership units under unit option deferral elections
 
 
 
 
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
 
 
 
 
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share, Amount
871,262 
871,262 
 
871,262 
Fair Value Disclosures (Fair Value Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis) (Details) (USD $)
In Thousands, unless otherwise specified
Sep. 30, 2014
Dec. 31, 2013
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
 
 
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis [Abstract]
 
 
Insurance deposit
$ 13,089 
$ 12,225 
Total assets
13,089 
12,225 
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
 
 
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis [Abstract]
 
 
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset
   
1,543 
Total assets
1,543 
Derivative interest rate contract
(5,600)
(3,418)
Total liabilities
$ (5,600)
$ (3,418)
Fair Value Disclosures (Details) (USD $)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2014
Dec. 31, 2013
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
 
 
Notes Payable, Fair Value Disclosure
$ 2,689,413,000 
$ 3,107,119,000 
Partnership Units Received as Part of Consideration in Connection with Sale of Equity Method Investment and Other Assets, Fair Value at Reporting Date
94,000,000 
 
Partnership Units Received as Part of Consideration in Connection with Sale of Equity Method Investment and Other Assets, Fair Value at Acquisition Date
77,700,000 
 
Restriction Period on Sale of Partnership Units Received, years
one 
 
Additional Credit Spread Included In Discount Rate To Estimate Fair Value Of Notes Payable
0.75% 
1.00% 
Notes Payable
2,015,999,000 
3,058,053,000 
Notes Payable, Gross of Notes Payable Held for Sale
2,637,941,000 
 
Arizona Mills Member
 
 
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
 
 
Number of Partnership Units Received as Part of Consideration in Connection with Sale of Equity Method Investment and Other Assets, total units after equity transaction
590,124 
 
Starwood Transaction [Member]
 
 
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
 
 
Liabilities Held-for-Sale, Notes Payable
621,945,000 
 
Notes Payable, Fair Value Disclosure
$ 641,000,000 
 
Fair Value Disclosures (Estimated Fair Value of Notes Payable) (Details) (USD $)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2014
Dec. 31, 2013
Estimated fair values of notes payable [Abstract]
 
 
Notes Payable, Fair Value Disclosure
$ 2,689,413,000 
$ 3,107,119,000 
Notes Payable Fair Values Hypothetical Percent Increase In Interest Rates
1.00% 
 
Impact Of Overall One Percent Increase In Interest Rates Decrease In Fair Values Of Notes Payable
$ 40,200,000 
 
Impact Of Overall One Percent Increase In Interest Rates Decrease In Fair Values Of Notes Payable Percent
1.50% 
 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Details) (USD $)
In Thousands, unless otherwise specified
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended 9 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2014
Sep. 30, 2013
Sep. 30, 2014
Sep. 30, 2013
Dec. 31, 2013
Sep. 30, 2014
Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Member]
Sep. 30, 2013
Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Member]
Sep. 30, 2014
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Member]
Sep. 30, 2013
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Member]
Dec. 31, 2013
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Member]
Dec. 31, 2012
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Member]
Sep. 30, 2014
Noncontrolling Interest [Member]
Sep. 30, 2013
Noncontrolling Interest [Member]
Dec. 31, 2013
Noncontrolling Interest [Member]
Dec. 31, 2012
Noncontrolling Interest [Member]
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Components [Line Items]
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income, Effective Portion, Net
 
 
 
 
 
$ 4,880 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amount of gain/loss on interest rate contract reclassfied from AOCI
 
 
 
 
 
6,853 
2,860 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amount of gain/loss on interest rate contract reclassfied from AOCI for unconsolidated joint ventures
 
 
 
 
 
2,340 
2,297 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment, Net of Tax
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3,306 
3,020 
5,040 
1,888 
1,313 
1,198 
2,011 
756 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Cumulative Changes in Net Gain (Loss) from Cash Flow Hedges, Effect Net of Tax
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(12,564)
(17,294)
(13,954)
(23,952)
6,830 
4,672 
6,141 
1,739 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax
(9,258)
 
(9,258)
 
(8,914)
 
 
(9,258)
(14,274)
(8,914)
(22,064)
8,143 
5,870 
8,152 
2,495 
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Foreign Currency Transaction and Translation Gain (Loss), before Reclassification and Tax
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1,741)
1,127 
 
 
(691)
447 
 
 
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Derivatives Arising During Period, before Tax
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(8,478)
3,981 
 
 
(3,516)
1,776 
 
 
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), before Tax, Portion Attributable to Parent
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(10,219)
5,108 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), before Tax, Portion Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(4,207)
2,223 
 
 
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Foreign Currency Transaction and Translation Adjustment, Net of Tax, Portion Attributable to Parent
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1,741)
1,127 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Derivatives Qualifying as Hedges, Net of Tax, Portion Attributable to Parent
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,368 
6,641 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Portion Attributable to Parent
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(373)
7,768 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Foreign Currency Transaction and Translation Adjustment, Net of Tax, Portion Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(691)
447 
 
 
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Derivatives Qualifying as Hedges, Net of Tax, Portion Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
711 
2,950 
 
 
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Portion Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
20 
3,397 
 
 
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Adjustment Foreign Currency Attributable To Parent
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other comprehensive income (loss), adjustments, attributable to parent
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
22 
17 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other comprehensive income (loss), total adjustments attributable to parent
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
29 
22 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other Comprehensive Income Loss Adjustment Foreign Currency Attributable To Noncontrolling Interest
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(7)
(5)
 
 
Other comprehensive income (loss), adjustments, attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(22)
(17)
 
 
Other comprehensive income (loss), total adjustments attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(29)
(22)
 
 
Gain on sale of marketable securities (Note 12)
 
 
   
1,323 
 
 
(1,323)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reclassification adjustment for amounts recognized in net income
$ 2,599 
$ 1,740 
$ 14,073 
$ 3,834 
 
$ 14,073 
$ 3,834 
$ 9,846 
$ 2,660 
 
 
$ 4,227 
$ 1,174 
 
 
Cash Flow Disclosures, Supplemental (Details) (USD $)
In Thousands, unless otherwise specified
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2014
Sep. 30, 2013
Financing Receivable, Gross
 
$ 7,411 
Partnership Units Received as Part of Consideration in Connection with Sale of Equity Method Investment and Other Assets, Fair Value at Acquisition Date
77,700 
 
Issuance of partnership units in connection with the purchase of the U.S. headquarters building
91 
 
Noncash or Part Noncash Acquisition, Debt Assumed including Unamortized Premium
18,215 
 
Capital Expenditures Incurred but Not yet Paid
$ 53,018 
$ 14,351