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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K
 
x 	ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934	
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008
OR
¨ 	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934	
For the transition period from                     to                     .
Commission File Number: 1-8944

CLIFFS NATURAL RESOURCES INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Ohio	 	34-1464672	
(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)	 	(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)	
		
200 Public Square, Cleveland, Ohio	 	44114-2315	
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)	 	(Zip Code)	
Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code: (216) 694-5700

		
Title of Each Class	  	Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered	
		
Common Shares, par value $0.125 per share	  	New York Stock Exchange and Chicago Stock Exchange	
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
NONE
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.      YES   x             NO   ¨
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.      YES   ¨             NO   x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    YES   x             NO   ¨
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.       ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer   x     Accelerated filer   ¨     Non-accelerated filer   ¨      Smaller reporting company   ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    YES   ¨             NO   x
As of June 30, 2008, the aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant, based on the closing price of $119.19 per share as reported on the New York Stock Exchange —Composite Index was $12,030,180,194 (excluded from this figure is the voting stock beneficially owned by the registrant’s officers and directors).
The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s Common Shares, par value $0.125 per share, was 113,527,411 as of February 23, 2009.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the registrant’s proxy statement for its annual meeting of shareholders scheduled to be held on May 12, 2009 are incorporated by reference into Part III.

 

Table of Contents
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

 	  	 	  	Page No.	
Definitions	  	2	
		
Part I	  		
Item 1.	  	Business	  	5	
Item 1A.	  	Risk Factors	  	24	
Item 1B.	  	Unresolved Staff Comments	  	32	
Item 2.	  	Properties	  	32	
Item 3.	  	Legal Proceedings	  	40	
Item 4.	  	Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders	  	45	
		
Part II	  		
Item 5.	  	Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities	  	46	
Item 6.	  	Selected Financial Data	  	48	
Item 7.	  	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	  	50	
Item 7A.	  	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	  	79	
Item 8.	  	Financial Statements and Supplementary Data	  	80	
Item 9.	  	Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure	  	153	
Item 9A.	  	Controls and Procedures	  	153	
Item 9B.	  	Other Information	  	154	
		
Part III	  		
Item 10.	  	Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance	  	155	
Item 11.	  	Executive Compensation	  	155	
Item 12.	  	Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters	  	155	
Item 13.	  	Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence	  	156	
Item 14.	  	Principal Accountant Fees and Services	  	156	
		
Part IV	  		
Item 15.	  	Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules	  	157	
Signatures	  	158	

Table of Contents
 Definitions
The following abbreviations or acronyms are used in the text. References in this report to the “Company,” “we,” “us,” “our” and “Cliffs” are to Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. (formerly known as Cleveland-Cliffs Inc) and subsidiaries, collectively. References to “A$” or “AUD” refer to Australian currency, “C$” to Canadian currency and “$” to United States currency.

Abbreviation or acronym	  	Term	
AAA	  	American Arbitration Association	
AEPA	  	Australian Environmental Protection Authority	
Algoma	  	Essar Steel Algoma Inc.	
Amapá	  	Anglo Ferrous Amapá Mineração Ltda. and Anglo Ferrous Logística Amapá Ltda.	
Anglo	  	Anglo American plc	
AOC	  	Administrative Order by Consent	
APB	  	Accounting Principles Board	
APBO	  	Accumulated Postretirement Benefit Obligation	
ARB	  	Accounting Research Bulletin	
ArcelorMittal USA	  	ArcelorMittal USA Inc.	
ARS	  	Auction rate securities	
ASC	  	American Steamship Company	
ASX	  	Australian Stock Exchange	
AusQuest	  	AusQuest Limited	
BART	  	Best Available Retrofit Technology	
BHP	  	BHP Billiton	
CAC	  	Cliffs Australia Coal Pty Ltd.	
CAIR	  	Clean Air Interstate Rule	
CAL	  	Cliffs and Associates Limited	
CAWO	  	Cliffs Australian Washplant Operations Pty Ltd	
Centennial Amapá	  	Centennial Asset Participações Amapá S.A.	
CERCLA	  	Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act	
Cockatoo Island	  	Cockatoo Island Joint Venture	
DEP	  	Department of Environment Protection	
Directors’ Plan	  	1996 Nonemployee Directors’ Compensation Plan, as amended and restated 1/1/2005	
DNR	  	Department of Natural Resources	
Dofasco	  	ArcelorMittal Dofasco Inc.	
DSA	  	Draft stipulation agreement	
EAF	  	Electric arc furnace	
East Greenfield	  	East Greenfield Investors, LLC	
EAW	  	Environmental Assessment Worksheet	
EITF	  	Emerging Issues Task Force	
Empire	  	Empire Iron Mining Partnership	
EPA	  	United States Environmental Protection Agency	
EPS	  	Earnings per share	
Exchange Act	  	Securities Exchange Act of 1934	
FASB	  	Financial Accounting Standards Board	
Ferrominera	  	C.V.G. Ferrominera Orinoco C.A. of Venezuela	
F.O.B.	  	Free on board	
FSP	  	FASB Staff Position	
GAM	  	Group Annuity Mortality	
GAAP	  	Accounting principles generally accepted in the United States	
GHG	  	Greenhouse gas	
Golden West	  	Golden West Resources Ltd.	
GRI	  	Global Reporting Initiative	
 
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Abbreviation or acronym	  	Term	
HAP	  	Hazardous air pollutants	
Harbinger	  	Harbinger Capital Partners	
HBI	  	Hot Briquette Iron	
Hibbing	  	Hibbing Taconite Company	
ICE Plan	  	Incentive Equity Plan	
IRS	  	Internal Revenue Service	
ISO	  	International Standards Organization	
Ispat	  	Ispat Inland Steel Company	
JORC	  	Joint Ore Reserves Code	
Kobe Steel	  	Kobe Steel, LTD.	
kWh	  	Kilowatt hours	
LIBOR	  	London Interbank Offered Rate	
LIFO	  	Last-in, first-out	
LTVSMC	  	LTV Steel Mining Company	
MACT	  	Maximum Achievable Control Technology	
MD&A	  	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	
MDEQ	  	Michigan Department of Environmental Quality	
MMBTU	  	Million British Thermal Units	
MMX	  	MMX Mineração e Metálicos S.A.	
MP	  	Minnesota Power, Inc.	
MPCA	  	Minnesota Pollution Control Agency	
MPSC	  	Michigan Public Service Commission	
MSHA	  	Mine Safety and Health Administration	
NBCWA	  	National Bituminous Coal Wage Agreement	
NDEP	  	Nevada Department of Environmental Protection	
NLRB	  	National Labor Relations Board	
NPDES	  	National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System	
Northshore	  	Northshore Mining Company	
NOV	  	Notice of Violation	
NRD	  	Natural Resource Damages	
Oak Grove	  	Oak Grove Resources, LLC	
OPEB	  	Other postretirement benefits	
PBO	  	Projected benefit obligation	
PCAOB	  	Public Company Accounting Oversight Board	
PCB	  	Polychlorinated Biphenyl	
Pinnacle	  	Pinnacle Mining Company, LLC	
PinnOak	  	PinnOak Resources, LLC	
PolyMet	  	PolyMet Mining Inc.	
Portman	  	Portman Limited (now known as Cliffs Asia Pacific Iron Ore Holdings Pty Ltd)	
PPI	  	Producers Price Indices	
PRP	  	Potentially responsible party	
Qcoal	  	Qcoal Pty Ltd	
Renewafuel	  	Renewafuel, LLC	
RONA	  	Return on net assets	
RTWG	  	Rio Tinto Working Group	
 
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Abbreviation or acronym	  	Term	
SAB	  	Staff Accounting Bulletin	
SAR	  	Stock Appreciation Rights	
SEC	  	United States Securities and Exchange Commission	
Severstal	  	Severstal North America, Inc.	
Severstal Warren	  	Severstal Warren, Inc., formerly known as WCI Steel Inc.	
SFAS	  	Statement of Financial Accounting Standards	
Silver Bay Power	  	Silver Bay Power Company	
SMM	  	Sonoma Mine Management	
Sonoma	  	Sonoma Coal Project	
Sonoma Sales	  	Sonoma Sales Pty Ltd	
Stelco	  	Stelco Inc.	
Tilden	  	Tilden Mining Company L.C.	
TMDL	  	Total Maximum Daily Load	
Tonne	  	Metric ton (equal to 1,000 kilograms or 2,205 pounds)	
TSR	  	Total Shareholder Return	
UMWA	  	United Mineworkers of America	
United Taconite	  	United Taconite LLC	
U.S.	  	United States of America	
U.S. Steel	  	United States Steel Corporation	
USW	  	United Steelworkers	
Vale	  	Companhia Vale do Rio Doce	
VEBA	  	Voluntary Employee Benefit Association trusts	
VIE	  	Variable interest entity	
VNQDC Plan	  	Voluntary Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan	
Wabush	  	Wabush Mines Joint Venture	
WAEPA	  	Western Australian Environmental Protection Agency	
Weirton	  	ArcelorMittal Weirton Inc.	
WEPCO	  	Wisconsin Electric Power Company	
Wheeling	  	Wheeling-Pittsburgh Steel Corporation	
WVEPA	  	West Virginia Environmental Protection Agency	
 
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 PART I
 Item 1.     Business. 
Introduction
Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. traces its corporate history back to 1847. Today, we are an international mining and natural resources company. We are the largest producer of iron ore pellets in North America, a major supplier of direct-shipping lump and fines iron ore out of Australia, and a significant producer of metallurgical coal. With core values of environmental and capital stewardship, our colleagues across the globe endeavor to provide all stakeholders operating and financial transparency as embodied in the GRI framework. Our company is organized according to product category and geographic location: North American Iron Ore, North American Coal, Asia Pacific Iron Ore, Asia Pacific Coal and Latin American Iron Ore.
In North America, we operate six iron ore mines in Michigan, Minnesota and Eastern Canada, and two coking coal mining complexes located in West Virginia and Alabama. Our Asia Pacific operations include full ownership of Portman, which is comprised of two iron ore mining complexes in Western Australia, serving the Asian iron ore markets with direct-shipping fines and lump ore, and a 45 percent economic interest in Sonoma, a coking and thermal coal mine located in Queensland, Australia. In Latin America, we have a 30 percent interest in Amapá, a Brazilian iron ore project, as well as a number of smaller greenfield projects not yet in production.
Over recent years, we have been executing a strategy designed to achieve scale in the mining industry and focused on serving the world’s largest and fastest growing steel markets.
Recent Developments
In recent years, we have undergone a strategic transformation to an international mining and natural resources company from our historic business model as a mine manager for the integrated steel industry in North America. Our growth within the U.S., combined with our investments in Australia and Latin America, as well as acquisitions in minerals outside of iron ore, such as metallurgical coal, illustrate the execution of this strategy. While ever-conscious of the challenges associated with the current economic environment, we continue to identify low-risk opportunities to grow and at the same time position ourselves to deal with the uncertainties that lie ahead. In 2008, we continued our strategic growth and transformation to an international mining and natural resources company through the following transactions:
Portman.     On May 21, 2008, Portman announced a tender offer to repurchase up to 16.5 million shares, or 9.39 percent of its common stock. At that time, we owned approximately 80.4 percent of 176 million shares outstanding in Portman and indicated we would not participate in the tender buyback. As a result of the buyback, our ownership interest in Portman increased from 80.4 percent to 85.2 percent. On September 10, 2008, we announced an off-market takeover offer to acquire all of the shares in Portman that we did not already own. The off-market tender offer for Portman closed on November 3, 2008, at which time we had received tenders of Portman shares sufficient to give us a 99.3 percent ownership interest in Portman’s outstanding shares. We subsequently proceeded with a compulsory acquisition of the remaining shares and as of December 31, 2008 had full ownership of Portman.
AusQuest.     On September 11, 2008, we announced a strategic alliance and subscription and option agreement with AusQuest, a publicly-traded minerals exploration company in Australia whose shares are traded on the ASX. Under the agreement, we acquired a 30 percent fully diluted interest in AusQuest through a staged issuance of shares and options. With the approval of AusQuest’s shareholders and clearance from the Australian Foreign Investment Review Board, we made an initial $18.0 million (A$26 million) investment at $0.28 per share (A$0.40 per share) and appointed a representative to the AusQuest board of directors. This strategic alliance provides us with both the right to participate in AusQuest’s future raising of capital, as well as certain rights in relation to any future sale or other disposal of AusQuest’s explorative assets.
United Taconite.     Effective July 1, 2008, we acquired the remaining 30 percent interest in United Taconite from Laiwu Steel Group, Ltd. Upon consummation of the purchase, our ownership interest increased from 70 percent to 100 percent. Total consideration paid for the acquisition was approximately $450.7 million, which was comprised of $104.4 million in cash, 4.3 million of our common shares and 1.2 million tons of iron ore pellets.
 
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Michigan Expansion Projects.     In the third quarter of 2008 we announced a capital expansion project at our Empire and Tilden mines in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula. The project will require approximately $290.4 million of incremental capital investment and is expected to allow the Empire mine to produce at three million tons annually through 2017 and increase Tilden mine production by more than two million tons annually. However, based upon the economic downturn and its impact on the steel industry, the expansion project has been delayed until the demand for iron ore pellets improves.
Golden West.     During 2008, Portman acquired 24.3 million shares of Golden West, a Western Australia iron ore exploration company. Golden West owns the Wiluna West exploration ore project in Western Australia, containing a resource of 126 million metric tons of ore. The investment provides Portman a strategic interest in Golden West and Wiluna West. Our ownership in Golden West represents approximately 17 percent of its outstanding shares at December 31, 2008. Acquisition of the shares represented an original investment of approximately $22 million. However, our investment has been adversely affected by the global economic recession, which began to impact the metals and mining industry primarily in the fourth quarter of 2008. As a result of the global economic crisis and the corresponding uncertainties in the market, we recorded an impairment charge of $17.1 million on our investment in Golden West in December 2008.
In addition, effective October 15, 2008, we amended our articles of incorporation to change the name of the corporation to Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. As we enter a new era of expansion and diversification designed to achieve scale in the mining and natural resources industry, we believe the name “Cliffs Natural Resources” will promote better understanding of our strategy and vision among current and prospective customers, partners and investors, particularly in new markets and overseas.
Business Segments
Our company is organized and managed according to product category and geographic location: North American Iron Ore, North American Coal, Asia Pacific Iron Ore, Asia Pacific Coal and Latin American Iron Ore. The Asia Pacific Coal and Latin American Iron Ore businesses, which are in the early stages of production, do not meet the criteria for reportable segments, and therefore, we have a total of three reportable segments.
All North American business segments are headquartered in Cleveland, Ohio. Offices in Duluth, Minnesota, have shared services groups supporting the North American business segments. Our Technology Group is located in Ishpeming, Michigan. Our Asia Pacific headquarters are located in Perth, Australia, and our Latin American headquarters are located in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Cliffs International Mineração Brasil, Ltda and Cliffs Natural Resources Pty Ltd, formerly known as Cliffs Asia-Pacific Pty Limited, provide technical and administrative support for our assets in Latin America and Australia, respectively, as well as new business development services in these regions.
We evaluate segment performance based on sales margin, defined as revenues less cost of goods sold identifiable to each segment. This measure of operating performance is an effective measurement as we focus on reducing production costs throughout the Company. Financial information about our segments is included in Item 7 and NOTE 6 — SEGMENT REPORTING included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
North American Iron Ore
We are the largest producer of iron ore pellets in North America and primarily sell our production to integrated steel companies in the United States and Canada. We manage and operate six North American iron ore mines located in Michigan, Minnesota and Eastern Canada that currently have a rated capacity of 38.1 million tons of iron ore pellet production annually, representing approximately 46 percent of total North American pellet production capacity. Based on our percentage ownership of the North American mines we currently operate, our share of the rated pellet production capacity is currently 25.5 million tons annually, representing approximately 31 percent of total North American annual pellet capacity.
 
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The following chart summarizes the estimated annual production capacity and percentage of total North  American pellet production capacity for each of the North American iron ore pellet producers as of December 31, 2008:
North American Iron Ore Pellet
Annual Rated Capacity Tonnage

 	  	Current Estimated Capacity
(Gross Tons of Raw Ore
in Millions)	  	Percent of Total
North American Capacity	 	
All Cliffs’ managed mines	  	38.1	  	46.0	%	
Other U.S. mines	  		  			
U.S. Steel’s Minnesota ore operations	  		  			
Minnesota Taconite	  	14.6	  	17.7	 	
Keewatin Taconite	  	5.4	  	6.5	 	
	  	 	  	 	 	
Total U.S. Steel	  	20.0	  	24.2	 	
ArcelorMittal USA Minorca mine	  	2.9	  	3.5	 	
	  	 	  	 	 	
Total other U.S. mines	  	22.9	  	27.7	 	
Other Canadian mines	  		  			
Iron Ore Company of Canada	  	12.8	  	15.5	 	
Quebec Cartier Mining Co.	  	8.9	  	10.8	 	
	  	 	  	 	 	
Total other Canadian mines	  	21.7	  	26.3	 	
	  	 	  	 	 	
Total North American mines	  	82.7	  	100.0	%	
	  	 	  	 	 	
We sell our share of North American iron ore production to integrated steel producers, generally pursuant to term supply agreements with various price adjustment provisions.
For the year ended December 31, 2008, we produced a total of 35.2 million tons of iron ore pellets, including 22.9 million tons for our account and 12.3 million tons on behalf of steel company owners of the mines.
We produce 13 grades of iron ore pellets, including standard, fluxed and high manganese, for use in our customers’ blast furnaces as part of the steelmaking process. The variation in grades results from the specific chemical and metallurgical properties of the ores at each mine and whether or not fluxstone is added in the process. Although the grade or grades of pellets currently delivered to each customer are based on that customer’s preferences, which depend in part on the characteristics of the customer’s blast furnace operation, in many cases our iron ore pellets can be used interchangeably. Industry demand for the various grades of iron ore pellets depends on each customer’s preferences and changes from time to time. In the event that a given mine is operating at full capacity, the terms of most of our pellet supply agreements allow some flexibility to provide our customers iron ore pellets from different mines.
Standard pellets require less processing, are generally the least costly pellets to produce and are called “standard” because no ground fluxstone, such as limestone or dolomite, is added to the iron ore concentrate before turning the concentrates into pellets. In the case of fluxed pellets, fluxstone is added to the concentrate, which produces pellets that can perform at higher productivity levels in the customer’s specific blast furnace and will minimize the amount of fluxstone the customer may be required to add to the blast furnace. “High manganese” pellets are the pellets produced at our Canadian Wabush operation where there is more natural manganese in the crude ore than is found at our other operations. The manganese contained in the iron ore mined at Wabush cannot be entirely removed during the concentrating process. Wabush produces pellets with two levels of manganese, both in standard and fluxed grades.
It is not possible to produce pellets with identical physical and chemical properties from each of our mining and processing operations. The grade or grades of pellets purchased by and delivered to each customer are based on that customer’s preferences and availability.
 
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Each of our North American Iron Ore mines is located near the Great Lakes or, in the case of Wabush, near the St. Lawrence Seaway, which is connected to the Great Lakes. The majority of our iron ore pellets are transported via railroads to loading ports for shipment via vessel to steelmakers in the U.S. or Canada.
North American Iron Ore Customers
Our North American Iron Ore revenues are primarily derived from sales of iron ore pellets to the North American integrated steel industry, consisting of eight major customers. Generally, we have multi-year supply agreements with our customers. Sales volume under these agreements is largely dependent on customer requirements, and in many cases, we are the sole supplier of iron ore pellets to the customer. Each agreement has a base price that is adjusted annually using one or more adjustment factors. Factors that can adjust price include international pellet prices, measures of general industrial inflation and steel prices. One of our supply agreements has a provision that limits the amount of price increase or decrease in any given year.
During 2008, 2007 and 2006, we sold 22.7 million, 22.3 million and 20.4 million tons of iron ore pellets, respectively, from our share of the production from our North American Iron Ore mines. The segment’s five largest customers together accounted for a total of 84, 83 and 91 percent of North American Iron Ore product revenues for the years 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Refer to Concentration of Customers within Item 1 — Business , for additional information regarding our major customers.
We received cash payment for approximately 24 million tons of iron ore sales in 2008. However, due to the timing of shipping schedules with certain customers, under accounting guidance for “bill and hold” sales, revenue recognition for approximately 1.2 million tons of iron ore will be deferred until the product is delivered.
North American Iron Ore Term Supply Agreements
Our term supply agreements in North America expire between the end of 2011 and the end of 2022. The weighted average remaining duration is six years.
Our North American Iron Ore sales are influenced by seasonal factors in the first quarter of the year as shipments and sales are restricted by weather conditions on the Great Lakes. During the first quarter, we continue to produce our products, but we cannot ship those products via lake freighter until the Great Lakes are passable, which causes our first quarter inventory levels to rise. Our limited practice of shipping product to ports on the lower Great Lakes or to customers’ facilities prior to the transfer of title has somewhat mitigated the seasonal effect on first quarter inventories and sales. At December 31, 2008 and 2007, we had approximately 0.4 million and 0.8 million tons of pellets, respectively, in inventory at lower lakes or customers’ facilities.
ArcelorMittal
On March 19, 2007, we executed an umbrella agreement with ArcelorMittal USA, a subsidiary of ArcelorMittal, that covers significant price and volume matters under three separate pre-existing iron ore pellet supply agreements for ArcelorMittal USA’s Cleveland and Indiana Harbor West, Indiana Harbor East and Weirton facilities. This umbrella agreement formalizes a previously disclosed letter agreement dated April 12, 2006.
Under terms of the umbrella agreement, some of the terms of the separate pellet sale and purchase agreements for each of the above facilities were modified to aggregate ArcelorMittal USA’s purchases during the years 2006 through 2010. The pricing provisions of the umbrella agreement are determined in accordance with the individual supply agreements that were in place for each of the facilities at the time it was executed.
From 2006 through 2010, ArcelorMittal USA is obligated to purchase specified minimum tonnages of iron ore pellets on an aggregate basis. The umbrella agreement also sets the minimum annual tonnage at ArcelorMittal USA’s approximately budgeted usage levels through 2010, with pricing based on the facility to which the pellets are delivered. The terms of the umbrella agreement allow ArcelorMittal USA to manage its ore inventory levels through buydown provisions, which permit it to reduce its tonnage purchase obligation each year at a specified price per ton, and through deferral provisions, which permit ArcelorMittal USA to defer a portion of its annual tonnage purchase obligation. ArcelorMittal USA has opted to defer the purchase of 550,000 tons
 
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from 2009 to 2010. The umbrella agreement also provides for consistent nomination procedures through 2010 across all three iron ore pellet supply agreements. In addition, pursuant to an arbitration ruling on December 23, 2008, ArcelorMittal is permitted to nominate tonnage for export out of the U.S. to any facility owned by ArcelorMittal in 2009 and 2010. This ability to nominate tonnage for export will cease when the Umbrella Agreement expires at the end of 2010. For additional information regarding the litigation, refer to Part 1 — Item 3, Legal Proceedings .
If, at the end of the umbrella agreement term in 2010, a new agreement is not executed, our pellet supply agreements with ArcelorMittal USA prior to executing the umbrella agreement will again become the basis for supplying pellets to ArcelorMittal USA:

Facility	  	Agreement
Expiration	
Cleveland Works and Indiana Harbor West facilities	  	2016	
Indiana Harbor East facility	  	2015	
Weirton facility	  	2018	
ArcelorMittal USA is a 62.3 percent equity participant in Hibbing and a 21 percent equity partner in Empire with limited rights and obligations and a 28.6 percent participant in Wabush through Dofasco, a subsidiary of ArcelorMittal USA. In 2008, 2007 and 2006, our North American Iron Ore pellet sales to ArcelorMittal USA were 9.9, 10.3, and 9.1 million tons, respectively.
Algoma
Algoma is a Canadian steelmaker and a subsidiary of Essar Steel Holdings Limited. We have a 15-year term supply agreement under which we are Algoma’s sole supplier of iron ore pellets through 2016. Our annual obligation is capped at four million tons with our option to supply additional pellets. Pricing under the agreement with Algoma is based on a formula which includes international pellet prices. The agreement also provides that, in 2008, 2011 and 2014, either party may request a price negotiation if prices under the agreement with Algoma differ from a specified benchmark price. On January 3, 2008, Algoma requested price renegotiation for 2008 pursuant to a price re-opener in the agreement. On May 30, 2008, we entered into a binding term sheet with Algoma amending the term supply agreement. The term sheet established the price for 2008 and provided for the sale of additional tonnage to Algoma in 2008 and 2009. Approximately 0.6 million tons of the 2008 tonnage will be delivered and paid for in the first quarter of 2009. Pricing and tonnage outside of the term sheet for 2009 and beyond will be determined in accordance with the original terms of the agreement with Algoma. We sold 4.1 million, 2.9 million and 3.5 million tons to Algoma in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
Severstal
In January 2006, we entered into an Amended and Restated Pellet Sale and Purchase Agreement dated and effective January 1, 2006, whereby we are the sole supplier of iron ore pellets through 2012 to Severstal’s Dearborn facility. The agreement with Severstal contains certain minimum purchase requirements for certain years. We sold 4.6 million, 3.0 million and 3.7 million tons to Severstal in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
On April 30, 2008, we entered into a binding term sheet with Severstal regarding an amendment and extension of the agreement with Severstal. The term sheet governs the performance of the parties under the agreement until such time as the parties execute a definitive written agreement. Pursuant to the term sheet, the term of the agreement was extended with Severstal an additional 10 years, subject to automatic renewals unless terminated by prior written notice. The agreement provides that we must supply all of Severstal’s blast furnace pellet requirements for its Dearborn, Michigan facility during the term of the agreement, subject to specified minimum and maximum requirements in certain years.
On July 7, 2008, Severstal acquired WCI Steel Inc., located in Warren, Ohio. In 2004, we had entered into an agreement with the former WCI to supply, beginning in 2006 and thereafter, 100 percent of WCI’s annual requirements up to a maximum of two million tons of iron ore pellets. The 2004 agreement is for a ten-year term, which commenced on January 1, 2005. Severstal Warren assumed the 2004 agreement. We sold 1.4 million, 1.5 million and 1.6 million tons to Severstal Warren in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
 
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On August 5, 2008, Severstal acquired Esmark Incorporated, a manufacturer of and distributor of flat rolled and other steel products. At the time of the acquisition, we were a supplier to Esmark’s subsidiary, Wheeling-Pittsburgh Steel Corporation. Under the terms of a 2006 agreement, we supply certain iron ore pellets through and including 2011, equal to 25 percent of Wheeling’s total annual iron ore pellet tonnage requirements required for consumption in Wheeling’s iron and steel making facilities in any year at any of Wheeling’s facilities in Steubenville/Mingo Junction, Ohio. Severstal assumed the 2006 agreement. The term of the agreement with Wheeling is subject to automatic annual renewals unless terminated by no less than 24 months’ prior written notification.
U.S. Steel Canada Inc.
U.S. Steel Canada is a 44.6 percent participant in Wabush. In addition, the domestic subsidiaries of U.S. Steel Canada own 14.7 percent of Hibbing and 15 percent of Tilden.
In December 2006, we executed a binding pellet supply term sheet with U.S. Steel Canada with respect to a seven-year supply agreement to provide their Lake Erie Steel and Hamilton Steel facilities excess pellet requirements above the amount supplied from their ownership interest at Hibbing, Tilden and Wabush. Pellet sales to U.S. Steel Canada totaled 1.4 million, 1.2 million and 0.9 million tons in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
North American Coal
We are a supplier of metallurgical coal in North America. We own and operate two North American coking coal mining complexes located in West Virginia and Alabama that currently have a rated capacity of 6.5 million short tons of production annually. For the year ended December 31, 2008, we sold a total of 3.2 million tons, compared with 1.2 million tons for the five months ended December 31, 2007. Each of our North American coal mines are positioned near rail or barge lines providing access to international shipping ports, which allows for export of our coal production. 
North American Coal Customers
North American Coal’s production is sold to global integrated steel and coke producers in Europe, South America and North America. Approximately 84 percent of our 2008 production was committed under one-year contracts. This compares with approximately 45 percent of our 2009 production as of December 31, 2008, which has been committed under new one-year contracts and carryover tonnage. However, domestic negotiations are still ongoing, and international negotiations have recently begun. Customer contracts in North America typically are negotiated on a calendar year basis with international contracts negotiated as of March 31.
Exports and domestic sales represented 56 percent and 44 percent, respectively, of our North American Coal sales in 2008. This is compared with 66 percent and 34 percent, respectively, in 2007. Total sales to two customers of our North American Coal segment comprised more than 10 percent of our consolidated product revenue in 2008 when combined with sales to the customers by each of our other business segments. Refer to Concentration of Customers within Item 1 – Business , for additional information.
Asia Pacific Iron Ore
Our Asia Pacific Iron Ore segment is comprised of Portman, an Australian iron ore mining company, of which we own 100 percent as of December 31, 2008.
Our Asia Pacific Iron Ore operations are located in Western Australia and include our 100 percent owned Koolyanobbing complex and our 50 percent equity interest in Cockatoo Island. We serve the Asian iron ore markets with direct-shipping fines and lump ore. Production in 2008 (excluding our 0.4 million tonne share of Cockatoo Island) was 7.3 million tonnes, compared with 7.7 million tonnes in 2007.
These two operations supply a total of four direct-shipping export products to Asia via the global seaborne trade market. Koolyanobbing produces a standard lump and fines product as well as a low grade fines product.
 
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Cockatoo Island produces and exports a single premium fines product. Portman lump products are directly charged to the blast furnace, while the fines products are used as sinter feed. The variation in Portman’s four export product grades reflects the inherent chemical and physical characteristics of the ore bodies mined as well as the supply requirements of the customers.
Koolyanobbing is a collective term for the operating deposits at Koolyanobbing, Mount Jackson and Windarling. There are approximately 100 kilometers separating the three mining areas. Banded iron formations host the mineralization which is predominately hematite and goethite. Each deposit is characterized with different chemical and physical attributes, and in order to achieve customer product quality, ore in varying quantities from each deposit must be blended together.
Blending is undertaken at Koolyanobbing, where the crushing and screening plant is located. Standard and low grade products are produced in separate production runs. Once the blended ore has been crushed and screened into a direct shipping product, it is transported by rail approximately 600 kilometers south to the Port of Esperance for shipment to Asian customers.
Cockatoo Island is located off the Kimberley coast of Western Australia, approximately 1,900 kilometers north of Perth and is only accessible by sea and air. Cockatoo Island produces a single high iron product known as Cockatoo Island Premium Fines. The deposit is almost pure hematite and contains very few contaminants enabling the shipping grade to be above 68 percent iron. Ore is mined below the sea level on the southern edge of the island. This is facilitated by a sea wall which enables mining to a depth of 40 meters below sea level. Ore is crushed and screened to the final product sizing. Vessels berth at the island and the fines product is loaded directly to the ship. Cockatoo Island Premium Fines are highly sought in the global marketplace due to its extremely high iron grade and low valueless mineral content. In 2008, Cockatoo Island production began to reduce, as the second stage of the seawall reserves were exhausted. Construction on a necessary extension of the existing seawall commenced in the third quarter 2008, with production anticipated to restart by the end of the second quarter 2009. This extension is expected to extend production for approximately two additional years, through June 2011.
During the second quarter of 2008, Portman announced an agreement with Polaris Metals NL and Southern Cross Goldfields Limited, whereby Portman obtains non-magnetite iron ore rights to a number of tenements in the Yilgarn region, in exchange for unencumbered access by Polaris to the Bungalbin tenements. Consequently, Portman no longer has an interest in the Helena and Aurora Range and Bungalbin Hill areas. This arrangement will permit tenement rationalization in immediate mining areas and allow Portman to gain additional prospective exploration areas.
Asia Pacific Iron Ore Customers
Portman’s production is under contract with steel companies in China and Japan through 2012. A limited spot market exists for seaborne iron ore as most production is sold under supply contracts with annual benchmark prices driven from negotiations between the major suppliers and Chinese, Japanese and other Asian steel mills.
Portman has five-year term supply agreements with steel producers in China and Japan that account for approximately 74 percent and 26 percent, respectively, of sales. The contracts were recently renegotiated for the period 2008 through 2012. Sales volume under the agreements is partially dependent on customer requirements. Each agreement is priced based on benchmark pricing established for Australian producers.
During 2008, 2007 and 2006, we sold 7.8 million, 8.1 million and 7.4 million tonnes of iron ore, respectively, from our Western Australia mines. Sales in 2008 were to 16 Chinese and three Japanese customers. No customer comprised more than 10 percent of our consolidated sales in 2008, 2007 or 2006. Portman’s five largest customers accounted for approximately 44 percent of Portman’s sales in 2008, 47 percent in 2007 and 46 percent in 2006.
Investments
In addition to our reportable business segments, we are partner to a number of projects, including Amapá in Brazil and Sonoma in Australia.
 
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Amapá
We are a 30 percent minority interest owner in Amapá, which consists of an iron ore deposit, a 192-kilometer railway connecting the mine location to an existing port facility and 71 hectares of real estate on the banks of the Amazon River, reserved for a loading terminal. Amapá initiated production in late December 2007. The remaining 70 percent of Amapá was previously owned by MMX, a Brazilian company which managed the construction and operations of Amapá while we supplied supplemental technical support. On August 5, 2008, Anglo acquired a controlling interest in MMX’s 51 percent interest in the Minas-Rio iron ore project and its 70 percent interest in Amapá.
Throughout the year, the ramp-up of operations was significantly slower than previously anticipated, with annual production totaling 1.2 million tonnes. Anglo has indicated that it plans to complete construction of the concentrator and continue to ramp-up operations despite the current economic global recession. It is estimated that Amapá will produce and sell at least 3 million tonnes of iron ore fines products in 2009 and 6.5 million tonnes annually once fully operational, which is expected to occur between 2011 and 2012. The majority of Amapá’s production is committed under a long-term supply agreement with an operator of an iron oxide pelletizing plant in the Kingdom of Bahrain.
Sonoma
We own a 45 percent economic interest in Sonoma, located in Queensland, Australia. The project commenced operations in January 2008, with production and sales totaling approximately 2.4 million and 2.1 million tonnes, respectively, in 2008. The project is expected to produce 3.5 million tonnes in 2009 and between three to four million tonnes of coal annually in 2010 and beyond. Production will include an approximate 40/60 mix of hard coking coal and thermal coal. Sonoma has economically recoverable reserves of 43 million tonnes. All 2008 production was committed under supply agreements with customers in Asia. Of the 3.5 million tonnes expected to be produced in 2009, approximately 2.8 million tonnes are committed under supply agreements as of December 31, 2008.
Concentration of Customers
We have three customers which individually account for more than 10 percent of our consolidated product revenue. Total revenue from these customers represents approximately $1.6 billion, $1.1 billion, and $1.0 billion of our total consolidated product revenue in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively, and is attributable to our North American Iron Ore and North American Coal business segments. The following represents sales revenue from each of these customers as a percentage of our total consolidated product revenue as well as the portion of product sales for North American Iron Ore and North American Coal that is attributable to each of these customers in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively:

 	  	Percentage of
Total
Product Revenue (1)	 	 	Percentage of
North American Iron
Ore Product Revenue (1)	 	 	Percentage of
North American Coal
Product Revenue (1)	 	
Customer (2)	  	2008	 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	 	2008	 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	 	2008	 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	
ArcelorMittal	  	27	%	 	34	%	 	35	%	 	39	%	 	44	%	 	44	%	 	23	%	 	37	%	 	—  	%	
Severstal	  	12	 	 	8	 	 	11	 	 	18	 	 	10	 	 	13	 	 	5	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	
Algoma	  	11	 	 	12	 	 	16	 	 	17	 	 	16	 	 	20	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total	  	50	%	 	54	%	 	62	%	 	74	%	 	70	%	 	77	%	 	28	%	 	37	%	 	—  	%	

(1)	Excluding freight and venture partners’ cost reimbursements.	
(2)	Includes subsidiaries of each customer.	
The Iron Ore, Metallurgical Coal and Steel Industries
Global crude steel growth, a significant driver of our business was down approximately two percent from 2007. China produced approximately 500 million tonnes of crude steel in 2008, representing approximately 38 percent of global production. Production in China in 2008 has increased two percent and 18 percent over 2007 and 2006, respectively.
 
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The rapid growth in steel production in China over recent years has only been partially met by a corresponding increase in domestic Chinese iron ore production. Chinese iron ore deposits, although substantial, are of a lower grade (less than half of the equivalent iron ore content) than the current iron ore supplied from Brazil and Australia.
The world price of iron ore is influenced by international demand. The rapid growth in Chinese demand, particularly in more recent years, has created a market imbalance and has led to demand outstripping supply. This market imbalance has led to high spot prices for seaborne iron ore with increases of 9.5 percent and 19 percent in 2007 and 2006, respectively, in benchmark prices for Brazilian and Australian suppliers of iron ore. During the second quarter of 2008, the Australian benchmark prices for lump and fines settled at increases of 97 percent and 80 percent, respectively.
The increased demand for iron ore and higher pricing over the past five years has resulted in major iron ore suppliers expanding efforts to increase their capacity. However, in 2008, significant changes began to take place in the North American and global economy. During the third quarter of 2008, these changes also began to impact the global steel industry. As a supplier to that industry, we have started to see the adverse effects of the economy and how it may impact our business with respect to declines in customer demand and future pricing projections.
Competition
Throughout the world, we compete with major and junior mining companies, as well as metals companies, both of which produce steelmaking raw materials, including iron ore and metallurgical coal.
North America
In our North American Iron Ore business segment, we sell our product primarily to steel producers with operations in North America. We compete directly with the Iron Ore Company of Canada, ArcelorMittal Mines Canada and U.S. Steel, as well as other steel companies that own interests in iron ore mines that may have excess iron ore inventories.
In the coal industry, our North American Coal business segment competes with many metallurgical coal producers of various sizes, including Alpha Natural Resources, Inc., Patriot Coal Corporation, CONSOL Energy Inc., Arch Coal, Inc., Massey Energy Company, Jim Walter Resources, Inc., Peabody Energy Corp., United Coal Group Company and other producers located in North America and globally.
The North American coal industry remains highly fragmented and competitive, with CONSOL, Massey, Peabody, Alpha and Alliance Resource Partners representing the five largest producers. A number of factors beyond our control affect the markets in which we sell our coal. Continued demand for our coal and the prices obtained by us depend primarily on the coal consumption patterns of the steel industry in the United States and elsewhere around the world as well as the availability, location, cost of transportation and price of competing coal. Coal consumption patterns are affected primarily by demand, environmental and other governmental regulations, and technological developments. The most important factors on which we compete are delivered price, coal quality characteristics such as heat value, sulfur, ash and moisture content, and reliability of supply. Metallurgical coal, which is primarily used to make coke, a key component in the steelmaking process, generally sells at a premium over steam coal due to its higher quality and value in the steelmaking process.
Asia Pacific
In our Asia Pacific Iron Ore business segment we export iron ore products to China and Japan in the world seaborne trade. In the Asia Pacific marketplace, Cliffs competes with major iron ore exporters from Australia, Brazil and India. These include Anglo American, Vale, Rio Tinto, BHP Billiton, Fortescue Metals Group Ltd., Mount Gibson Iron Limited, Murchison Metals Limited, among others.
The Sonoma Coal Project, in which Cliffs owns a 45 percent economic interest, competes with many other global metallurgical and thermal coal producers, including Anglo American, Rio Tinto, BHP Billiton, Macarthur Coal, Teck Cominco and Xstrata.
 
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Competition in steelmaking raw materials is predicated upon the usual competitive factors of price, availability of supply, product performance, service and transportation cost to the consumer of the raw materials.
As the global steel industry continues to consolidate, a major focus of the consolidation is on the continued life of the integrated steel industry’s raw steelmaking operations, including blast furnaces and basic oxygen furnaces that produce raw steel. In addition, other competitive forces have become a large factor in the iron ore business. In particular, electric furnaces built by mini-mills, which are steel recyclers, generally produce steel by using scrap steel and reduced-iron products rather than iron ore pellets.
Environment
General
Various governmental bodies are continually promulgating new laws and regulations affecting our company, our customers, and our suppliers in many areas, including waste discharge and disposal, hazardous classification of materials and products, air and water discharges, and many other environmental, health, and safety matters. Although we believe that our environmental policies and practices are sound and do not expect that the application of any current laws or regulations would reasonably be expected to result in a material adverse effect on our business or financial condition, we cannot predict the collective adverse impact of the expanding body of laws and regulations.
Specifically, there are four notable proposed or potential rulemakings or activities that could potentially have a material adverse impact on our facilities in the future depending on their ultimate outcome: Climate Change and Greenhouse Gas Regulation, Regional Haze, the Clean Air Interstate Rule, and the Minnesota Mercury Total Maximum Daily Load Implementation.
Climate Change and Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Climate change risk and how the world chooses to manage it poses one of the most important and complex issues facing the world today. Although the factors that affect climate change are complex, it has become increasingly clear that the growing utilization of fossil fuels has created legitimate climate change concerns. With that understanding comes the realization that with the complexities and uncertainties associated with the U.S. and global navigation of the climate change issue as a whole, one of our significant risks for the future is forthcoming in the shape of mandatory carbon legislation.
The evolving global prominence of carbon regulation is increasingly impacting the operational and financial performance of energy-intensive entities. At present, a number of carbon regulatory schemes are operational, capping emissions of GHG emissions and imposing compliance costs on major emitters. Further, policy-makers are in the design process of additional carbon regulation at the state, regional, national, and international levels. The current regulatory patchwork of carbon compliance schemes present a challenge for multi-facility entities to identify their near term risks. Amplifying the uncertainty, the dynamic forward outlook for carbon regulation presents a challenge to large industrial companies to assess the long-term net impacts of carbon compliance costs on their operations.
Internationally, mechanisms to reduce emissions are being implemented in various countries, with differing designs and stringency, according to resources, economic structure, and politics. We expect that momentum to extend carbon regulation following the expiration in 2012 of the first commitment period under the Kyoto Protocol will continue. Australia, Canada and Brazil are all signatories to the Kyoto Protocol. As such, our facilities in each of these countries will be impacted by the Kyoto Protocol, but in varying degrees according to the mechanisms each country establishes for compliance and each country’s commitment to reducing emissions. Australia and Canada are considered Annex 1 countries, meaning that they are obligated to reduce their emissions under the Protocol. In contrast, Brazil is not an Annex 1 country and is, therefore, not currently obligated to reduce its GHG emissions.
During 2008, Australia issued guidance outlining the components and rationale for its proposed carbon pollution reduction scheme, as well as associated timing. The plan calls for a cap and trade model with a medium-term target range of between 5 percent to 15 percent reduction in GHG by 2020. The guidance estimates
 
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allowance prices will be approximately $23 per ton, with a price cap of $40 per ton. The reduction scheme aims to provide some assistance to emissions-intensive, trade-exposed companies based on the amount and intensity of its direct and indirect GHG emissions, which is expected to include the iron ore industry. Compliance under Australia’s reduction scheme is expected to begin in 2010.
Due to the current landscape of regulation in Australia, Canada and Brazil, and the relatively low emission levels in these countries, we face mild regulatory risk in the short term in Australia and Canada and a weak regulatory risk over the longer term in Brazil.
By contrast, in the U.S., federal carbon regulation presents a significantly greater impact to our operations. To date, the U.S. has not implemented regulated carbon constraints. However, over the past several years, pressure for the U.S. to take mandatory action to address climate change has been mounting from numerous constituencies, including international pressure from other developed nations that have accepted prescribed reduction targets under the Kyoto Protocol, including among others, the European Union member states, Canada, Japan, and Australia; domestic political pressure on the U.S. Congress to enact carbon regulation from both the public and private sectors; and various media events which have drawn the attention of the general public to the climate change issue.
In the absence of comprehensive federal carbon regulation, numerous state and regional regulatory initiatives are under development or are becoming effective, thereby creating a disjointed approach to carbon control. These U.S. state level initiatives are indicative of the increasing support and need for U.S. federal carbon regulation. For us, the most significant regional initiative is the Midwest GHG Accord. The goal of this regional GHG accord is to provide the framework for regional action toward reducing GHG emissions in the absence of U.S. federal regulation. The Midwest GHG Accord plans to be fully implemented by May 2010, however given the timeframe for implementation, U.S. federal preemption remains a strong possibility. If implemented, this program will have direct regulatory implications to our facilities in Minnesota and Michigan. Targets have not yet been set under the Midwest GHG Accord and it is not certain at this time whether caps will be determined at the state level or as a single cap for all participating states. We are well positioned to closely monitor the development of the Midwest GHG Accord through our seat on the Michigan Climate Task Committee.
However, with U.S. federal regulation imminent on the horizon, the longevity of U.S. state and regional carbon regulation remains unclear. Should one or more of the regional GHG initiatives be implemented prior to definitive U.S. federal action, the viability of regional initiatives in light of U.S. federal carbon regulation will hinge on the preemption provisions of the U.S. federal policy.
While the exact form of a U.S. federal regulatory scheme is uncertain, we anticipate that legislation will be based upon the multiple bills currently introduced in U.S. Congress. It appears that any potential legislation would establish a long term, economy-wide cap and trade framework for reducing carbon emissions in the U.S. A general timeframe for such a program would impact the U.S. market through 2050. Such legislation will likely incorporate compliance flexibility provisions in an attempt to economically protect entities that are likely to be impacted with compliance costs, either directly or indirectly, as well as foster innovation and carbon-based energy project finance.
As an energy-intensive business, our Company’s GHG emissions inventory captures a broad range of emissions sources, such as iron ore furnaces and kilns, coal thermal driers, diesel mining equipment and a wholly-owned power generation plant, among others. As such, our most significant regulatory risks are: (1) the costs associated with on-site emissions levels; and (2) the costs passed through from power generators and distillate fuel suppliers to our Company. Our overall emission source portfolio consists of direct emissions of approximately 3.5 million tons CO2e and indirect emissions of approximately 3.2 million tons of CO2e. With that in mind, we believe our exposure can be substantially reduced by numerous factors including currently contemplated regulatory flexibility mechanisms, such as allowance allocations, fixed process emissions exemptions, offsets, and international provisions; emission reduction opportunities, including energy efficiency, fuel flexibility, and methane reduction; and business opportunities associated with new products and technology, such as our investments in Renewafuel and iron nuggets.
We have proactively worked to develop a comprehensive, enterprise-wide GHG management strategy aimed at considering all significant aspects associated with GHG initiatives to effectively plan for and manage
 
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climate change issues, including the risks and opportunities as they relate to the environment, stakeholders, including shareholders and the public, legislative and regulatory developments, operations, products and markets. At this time, while we are unable to predict the potential impacts of any future mandatory governmental GHG legislative or regulatory requirements on our businesses, we do believe we have acted proactively in developing our comprehensive implementation plan that has best prepared us to mitigate the potential risks and take advantage of any potential opportunities.
North American Iron Ore
In the construction of our facilities and in their operation, substantial costs have been incurred and will continue to be incurred to avoid undue effect on the environment. Our North American capital expenditures relating to environmental matters were $7.3 million, $8.8 million, and $10.5 million in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. It is estimated that approximately $16 million will be spent in 2009 for capital environmental control facilities.
Title V Control City Monitoring Requirements .    On December 16, 2006, we submitted an administrative permit amendment application to the MPCA with respect to Northshore’s Title V operating permit. The proposed amendment requested the deletion of a 30-year old “control city” monitoring requirement which was used to assess the adequacy of air emission control equipment installed in the 1970s. We then received a letter dated February 23, 2007 from the MPCA notifying us that our proposed permit amendment had been denied. We appealed the denial to the Minnesota Court of Appeals. Oral arguments on our appeal were held on February 21, 2008. The court of appeals ruled in MPCA’s favor.
On July 28, 2008, MPCA issued a Notice of Violation, or NOV, to Northshore alleging violations related to the control city standard from March 2006 through October 2007. The NOV states that Northshore has been in compliance with MPCA’s interpretation of the standard since October 2007, but requires corrective actions relating to operating and maintaining treatment and control facilities to remain in compliance. Subsequent to the Minnesota Court of Appeals’ ruling, Northshore filed a major permit amendment on August 28, 2008. On November 25, 2008, in response to the proposed amendment, MCPA issued an order declaring that Northshore’s request to remove the control city standard from its permit constitutes a “project” for which an Environmental Assessment Worksheet, or EAW, must be completed. MPCA also stated that it was ceasing all other work on the permit, including its own efforts to create a replacement standard, until the environmental review process was complete.
Northshore filed an action to challenge the MPCA’s requirement for an EAW in Minnesota State District Court, which is currently pending. If either our legal challenge is unsuccessful or if we are unable to negotiate an acceptable compliance schedule, Northshore could be subject to future enforcement actions with respect to its Title V operating permit if we are unable to meet the permit requirements as interpreted by MPCA.
In October 2008, Northshore received the final results of the International Symposium on the Health Hazard Evaluation of Fibrous Particles Associated with Taconite and the Adjacent Duluth Complex. The peer-reviewed study concluded that there are no significant health effects related to Taconite fibers from Northshore.
Clean Air Interstate Rule.      In 2005, the EPA issued CAIR to reduce or eliminate the impact of upwind sources on out-of-state downwind non-attainment of National Ambient Air Quality Standards (“NAAQS”) for fine particulate matter and for ozone. CAIR requires upwind states to revise their State Implementation Plans to include control measures to reduce emissions of nitrogen oxide and sulfur dioxide.
As written, CAIR would apply to our Silver Bay Power Company power plant, a cogeneration plant which produces both electricity and steam for internal Northshore ore processing operations and electricity for sale. However, in July 2008, the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals overturned the rule. On December 23, 2008, the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals temporarily reinstated CAIR to reduce pollution from certain coal-fired power plants by setting emission reduction targets. In its reversal decision, the Court noted that having a flawed rule temporarily in place was better than having no rule at all. The EPA must revise the rule but has no definitive deadline for doing so. The decision means that emissions must be reduced in 28 eastern states and the District of Columbia effective January 1, 2009.
 
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The EPA will consider if Minnesota will be exempted from any revised CAIR rulemaking due to its lack of impact on downwind states. At this point in time, management believes the CAIR requirements will be stayed for Minnesota and Silver Bay Power will not likely be subject to CAIR in 2009. However, we are unable to predict whether Silver Bay Power will ultimately be subject to CAIR in 2009 and beyond due to the contemplated exemption for Minnesota facilities, and therefore, we plan to accrue for the estimated impact on our operations in 2009.
Regional Haze.      In June 2005, the EPA finalized amendments to its regional haze rules. The rules require states to establish goals and emission reduction strategies for improving visibility in all Class I national parks and wilderness areas. Among the states with Class I areas are Michigan, Minnesota, Alabama, and West Virginia where we currently own and manage mining operations.
The first phase of the regional haze rule (2008-2018) requires analysis and installation of BART on eligible emission sources and incorporation of BART and associated emission limits into State Implementation Plans.
As of 2009, Regional Haze will likely have a significant impact only at our Silver Bay Power facility in Minnesota. Currently, Silver Bay Power is working with the MPCA, who is still in the process of determining BART requirements for Silver Bay Power. As such, we are unable to accurately determine the potential impacts on its Silver Bay Power facilities; however it appears these requirements will not be effective until five years after the EPA approves Minnesota’s state implementation plan, which has not yet been submitted.
Mercury TMDL and Minnesota Taconite Mercury Reduction Strategy.      Mercury TMDL regulations are contained in the U.S. federal Clean Water Act. As a part of Minnesota’s Mercury TMDL Implementation Plan, in cooperation with the MPCA, the taconite industry developed a Taconite Mercury Reduction Strategy and signed a voluntary agreement to effectuate its terms. The strategy includes a 75 percent reduction of mercury air emissions from pellet plants by 2025 as a target. It recognizes that mercury emission control technology currently does not exist and will be pursued through a research effort. Any developed technology must be economically feasible, must not impact pellet quality, and must not cause excessive corrosion in pellet furnaces, associated duct work and existing wet scrubbers on the furnaces.
The Minnesota Department of Natural Resources (“DNR”), Mineland Division, has been conducting limited and very short-term mercury reduction tests on pellet furnaces for several years through financial contributions from all taconite mines and matching government funding. Injection of bromide salts to convert elemental mercury to oxidized mercury for capture by the existing wet scrubbers holds the most promise at this point in time.
According to the voluntary agreement, the mines must proceed with medium and long-term testing of this and other possible technologies beginning in 2010. Initial testing will be completed on one straight-grate and one grate-kiln furnace among the mines. Developed mercury emission control technology must then be installed on all taconite furnaces by 2025. For us, the requirements in the voluntary agreement will apply to our United Taconite and Hibbing facilities. At this point in time, we are unable to predict the potential impacts of the Taconite Mercury Reduction Strategy as it is just in its research phase with no proven technology yet identified.
Other Developments.     As part of Northshore’s permitting of the restart of Furnace 5 in March 2008, Northshore is required to certify compliance with air emission standards within 180 days of operation. During the scheduled compliance testing for Furnace 5, Northshore experienced abnormal operating difficulties and was thereby unable to certify compliance. Northshore received a Notice of Noncompliance from MPCA on December 18, 2008 indicating that it considers the facility out of compliance with the testing schedule and reserves the right to enforcement, while asking for additional explanation as to the related causes. Due to changes in market demand, Furnace 5 has been idled. Northshore expects that upon restart it will demonstrate compliance with the required limits and will perform retesting as soon as Furnace 5 returns to normal operating conditions. Accordingly, at that time, Northshore will take appropriate steps to establish compliance with MPCA.
On March 27, 2008, United Taconite received a DSA, from the MPCA alleging various air emissions violations of the facility’s air permit limit conditions, reporting and testing requirements. The allegations generally stem from procedures put in place prior to 2004 when we first acquired our interest in the mine. The DSA requires the facility to install continuous emissions monitoring, evaluate compliance procedures, submit a
 
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plan to implement procedures to eliminate air deviations during the relevant time period, and proposes a civil penalty in an amount to be determined. While United Taconite does not agree with MPCA’s allegations, United Taconite and the MPCA continue discussions on the matter with the intent of working toward a mutual resolution.
North American Coal
In 1996 and 1997, two cases were brought alleging that dust from the Concord Preparation Plant in Alabama damaged properties in the area. In 2002, the parties entered into settlement agreements with the former owner in exchange for a lump sum payment and the agreement to implement remedial measures, however, the plaintiffs were not required to dismiss their claims. PinnOak was added to these cases in 2004 and 2006. The plaintiffs in these matters sought additional remediation measures. The parties have reached a settlement on an amendment to the 2002 agreement, which was approved by the court on December 11, 2008. The terms of the amendment provide that in exchange for the implementation of a one year (up to eighteen months) ambient air monitoring plan, plaintiffs agree to release and dismiss us from the lawsuit upon successful completion of the ambient air monitoring plan. If the ambient air monitoring plan is not successfully completed, the parties will revert to their respective positions under the 2002 settlement agreement. In addition to the two cases noted above, in 2004 approximately 160 individual plaintiffs brought an action against PinnOak asserting injuries arising from particulate emissions from the Concord Preparation Plant. We are seeking a summary judgment in this most recent matter based on the 2002 settlement agreement.
Pinnacle owns the closed West Virginia Maitland mine, which continues to discharge groundwater to Elkhorn Creek under terms of a NPDES permit issued by the West Virginia DEP. On April 30, 2008 the DEP renewed the permit and imposed more stringent effluent quality limitations for iron and aluminum. Current effluent iron concentrations sometimes exceed the new limitation. A permit appeal was filed with the West Virginia Environmental Quality Board regarding the reduced limitations and the absence of a compliance schedule in the permit. Pinnacle reached an agreement with the West Virginia DEP that has provided a compliance schedule for meeting the new limits. We believe Pinnacle will be able to achieve the new limits without any material costs or changes in operation.
Asia Pacific Iron Ore
Environmental issues and their management continued to be an important focus at our Asia Pacific Iron Ore operations throughout 2008. Mining operations proceeded without major environmental incidents, and implementation of management controls at the Koolyanobbing operations continued, including maintaining certification of our environmental management system to the ISO 14001 standard in 2008. Compliance with regulatory requirements was maintained across the Koolyanobbing operations. Annual environmental report audits and site inspections were undertaken by regulators throughout the year. No significant non-conformances were recorded, but a number of recommendations were made to ensure compliance with legislation, tenement conditions and industry best practice. The recommendations raised by the regulators will be investigated and addressed during 2009.
The environmental permitting program at the Koolyanobbing operations continued throughout 2008. Approvals were obtained for a waste dump expansion at Windarling and the A pit expansion at Koolyanobbing. Baseline studies were completed for the large J1 development at Mount Jackson, and the approval submissions were lodged with federal and state authorities. Baseline and impact assessment studies were completed for further developments of the A, B and C pits at Koolyanobbing.
In May 2007, the WAEPA released a report outlining the recommendations for a significant extension of the conservation estate in the area of the Koolyanobbing mining operations. The report recommended the conversion of much of the area to Class A conservation reserve. Some of the proposed A class reserves overlap with mining tenements granted to Portman (the “Overlapping Areas”). The WAEPA study has been submitted to the Minister for the Environment and Heritage. The report represents the view of the WAEPA and neither creates an obligation on the government to act nor affects the rights of Portman to operate under existing approvals. We continue to communicate with the government and the environmental agencies in a manner that indicates a
 
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willingness to work with all parties to achieve a sustainable outcome for conservation and resource development in the region. Portman originally received governmental approval to mine in the Overlapping Areas in June 2003. Since that time, we have met applicable environmental requirements. Although we are currently reviewing the study and the effects of the designation of the Overlapping Areas as A class reserves, such categorization may have a material effect on our operations. In late 2008 there was a change of government at the state level, and it is unknown at this time whether the Minister for the Environment and Heritage will accept the recommendations of the AEPA.
At the Cockatoo Island operations, the focus of environmental work was on obtaining environmental approvals for a Stage 3 extension of the embankment mining project. In addition to this extension, work continued on refining the overall closure plan for Cockatoo Island taking into account the proposed extension. The Stage 3 extension and closure plan were reviewed as a package by regulators and approved in August 2008 for both the extension and the closure plan. Activities within the closure plan not associated with the Stage 3 extension took place in 2008 and are scheduled to continue throughout 2009.
For additional information on our environmental matters, refer to Item 3. Legal Proceedings and NOTE 7 — ENVIRONMENTAL AND MINE CLOSURE OBLIGATIONS in Item 8.
Energy
Electricity
The Empire and Tilden mines receive electric power from WEPCO. Prior to 2008, Empire and Tilden were under special contracts with WEPCO for supply of electricity. Under these contracts, Empire and Tilden were afforded an energy price cap and certain power curtailment features. These contracts expired at the end of the 2007 calendar year. Prior to the termination of the contracts in 2007, WEPCO initiated a tariff rate case in which Empire and Tilden participated in order to establish a new tariff rate for each mine upon the termination of the contracts. The resulting settlement of the rate case, which was approved by the MPSC, created a new industrial tariff rate. Effective January 1, 2008, Tilden and Empire receive their electrical power from WEPCO under the new tariff rate. On January 31, 2008, WEPCO filed a new rate case, proposing an increase to the tariff rates that became effective on January 1, 2008. In February 2008, we filed a petition to intervene in the new rate case. The mines reached a settlement with WEPCO on October 20, 2008 regarding new rates to be implemented on January 1, 2009 and this settlement was approved by the MPSC on November 13, 2008.
Electric power for the Hibbing and United Taconite mines is supplied by MP. On September 16, 2008, the mines finalized new seven-year agreements with a term from November 1, 2008 through at least December 31, 2015. The agreements are being reviewed by the Minnesota Public Utilities Commission for final approval in early 2009.
Silver Bay Power Company, a wholly-owned subsidiary of ours, with a 115 megawatt power plant, provides the majority of Northshore’s energy requirements. Silver Bay Power has an interconnection agreement with MP for backup power. Silver Bay Power entered into an agreement to sell 40 megawatts of excess power capacity to Xcel Energy under a contract that extends to 2011. In March 2008, Northshore reactivated one of its furnaces resulting in a shortage of electrical power of approximately 10 megawatts. As a result, supplemental electric power is purchased by Northshore from MP under an agreement that is renewable yearly with one-year termination notice required. The contract expires on June 30, 2011, which coincides with the expiration of Silver Bay Power’s 40 megawatt sales agreement with Xcel Energy.
Wabush owns a portion of the Twin Falls Hydro Generation facility that provides power for Wabush’s mining operations in Newfoundland. Wabush has a 20-year agreement with Newfoundland Power, which continues until December 31, 2014. This agreement allows an interchange of water rights in return for the power needs for Wabush’s mining operations. The Wabush pelletizing operations in Quebec are served by Quebec Hydro on an annual contract.
The Oak Grove mine and Concord Preparation Plant are supplied electrical power by Alabama Power under a five-year contract which continues in effect until terminated by either party providing written notice to the other in accordance with applicable rules, regulations, and rate schedules. Rates of the contract are subject to change during the term of the contract as regulated by the Alabama Public Service Commission.
 
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Electrical power to the Pinnacle, Green Ridge No. 1, Green Ridge No. 2 mines and the Pinnacle Preparation Plant are supplied by the Appalachian Power Company under two contracts. The Indian Creek contract was revised in 2008 to include service under Appalachian Power’s lower cost Large Capacity Power Primary Schedule and is renewable on July 24, 2009 and the Pinnacle Creek contract is renewable on July 4, 2009. Both contracts specify the applicable rate schedule, minimum monthly charge and power capacity furnished. Rates, terms and conditions of the contracts are subject to the approval of the Public Service Commission of West Virginia.
Koolyanobbing and its associated satellite mines draw power from independent diesel fueled power stations and generators. Temporary diesel power generation capacity has been installed at the Koolyanobbing operations, allowing sufficient time for a detailed investigation into the viability of long-term options such as connecting into the Western Australian South West Interconnected System or provision of natural gas or dual fuel (natural gas and diesel) generating capacity. These options are not economic for the satellite mines, which will continue being powered by diesel generators.
Electrical supply on Cockatoo Island is diesel generated. The powerhouse adjacent to the processing plant powers the shiploader, fuel farm and the processing plant. The workshop and administration office is powered by a separate generator.
Sonoma receives its electricity from the public grid generated by local electric retailer Ergon Energy. In 2009, Sonoma plans to go to the contestable energy market and invite offers to supply electricity on a long-term basis.
Process Fuel
We have contracts providing for the transport of natural gas for our North American iron ore and coal operations. At North American Iron Ore, the Empire and Tilden mines have the capability of burning natural gas, coal, or to a lesser extent, oil. The Hibbing and Northshore mines have the capability to burn natural gas and oil. The United Taconite mine has the ability to burn coal, natural gas and coke breeze. Although all of the U.S. iron ore mines have the capability of burning natural gas, the pelletizing operations for the U.S. iron ore mines utilize alternate fuels when practicable. Wabush has the capability to burn oil and coke breeze. Our North American Coal operations use natural gas and coal to fire thermal dryers at both the Pinnacle Complex and Oak Grove mine.
We have performed geological, engineering and economic studies to explore viable natural gas prospects. We currently have an undivided 75 percent working interest with a net revenue interest of 60 percent in leases and leasehold improvements, options, farm-in arrangements and other interests covered by the leases, including wells, equipment and property located in Gray County, Kansas. This exploration and development arrangement allows us to participate in the costs to drill and develop the gas wells and the income that is generated as a result.
Renewafuel
We have a 70 percent controlling interest in Renewafuel. Founded in 2005, Renewafuel produces high-quality, dense fuel cubes made from renewable and consistently available components such as corn stalks, switch grass, grains, soybean and oat hulls, wood, and wood byproducts. This is a strategic investment that provides an opportunity to utilize a “green” solution for further reduction of emissions consistent with our objective to contain costs and enhance efficiencies in a socially responsible manner. In addition to the potential use of Renewafuel’s biofuel cubes in our production process, the cubes will be marketable to other organizations as a potential substitute for western coal and natural gas. During the second quarter of 2008, Renewafuel announced it would build a next-generation biomass fuel production facility near Marquette, Michigan in addition to the current facility located in Battle Creek, Michigan. The Battle Creek facility has the capacity to produce approximately 60,000 tons of biofuel annually. On January 28, 2009, Renewafuel received a draft air permit from MDEQ for the Marquette plant, a significant milestone in the permitting process. Projected to begin construction in the first quarter of 2009, the Marquette plant would have the annual capacity to produce 150,000 tons of high-energy, low-emission biofuel.
 
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Research and Development
We have been a leader in iron ore mining technology for more than 160 years. We operated some of the first mines on Michigan’s Marquette Iron Range and pioneered early open-pit and underground mining methods. From the first application of electrical power in Michigan’s underground mines to the use of today’s sophisticated computers and global positioning satellite systems, we have been a leader in the application of new technology to the centuries-old business of mineral extraction. Today, our engineering and technical staffs are engaged in full-time technical support of our operations and improvement of existing products.
As part of our efforts to develop alternative metallic products, we are developing, with Kobe Steel, a commercial-scale reduced iron plant, which will convert hematite into nearly pure iron in nugget form utilizing Kobe Steel’s ITmk3 ® technology. This innovative technology has the potential to open new markets by offering an economically competitive supply of iron material for electric arc furnaces.
North American  Coal and Asia Pacific Iron Ore do not have any material research and development projects.
Employees
As of December 31, 2008, we had a total of 5,711 employees.

 	  	North
American
Iron Ore (1)	  	North
American
Coal	  	Asia Pacific
Iron Ore	  	Corporate &
Support
Services	  	Total	
Salaried	  	925	  	271	  	126	  	258	  	1,580	
Hourly	  	3,391	  	740	  	—  	  	—  	  	4,131	
	  	 	  	 	  	 	  	 	  	 	
Total	  	4,316	  	1,011	  	126	  	258	  	5,711	

(1)	Includes our employees and the employees of the North American joint ventures.	
Hourly employees at our Michigan and Minnesota iron ore mining operations, excluding Northshore, are represented by the USW. On October 6, 2008, the USW ratified a new four-year labor contract, which replaces the labor agreement that expired on September 1, 2008. The new agreement covers approximately 2,300 USW-represented workers at our Empire and Tilden mines in Michigan, and our United Taconite and Hibbing mines in Minnesota.
Hourly employees at Wabush are represented by the USW. Wabush and the USW entered into a collective bargaining agreement in October 2004 that expires on March 1, 2009.
Hourly production and maintenance employees at our North American Coal mines are represented by the UMWA. Each of these subsidiary companies entered into new collective bargaining agreements with the UMWA in March 2007 that expire on December 31, 2011. Those collective agreements are identical in all material respects to the NBCWA of 2007 between the UMWA and the Bituminous Coal Operators’ Association.
Employees at our Asia Pacific and Latin American operations are not represented under collective bargaining agreements.
As of December 31, 2008, 53 percent of our employees were covered by collective bargaining agreements.
Growth Strategy
We expect to grow our business and presence as an international mining company by continuing to expand both geographically and through the minerals that we mine and market. Recent investments in Australia and Latin America, as well as acquisitions in minerals outside of iron ore, such as metallurgical coal, illustrate the execution of this strategy.
For further information regarding our growth strategy, refer to “Growth Strategy and Strategic Transactions” included in Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
 
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Available Information
Our headquarters are located at 200 Public Square, Cleveland, Ohio 44114-2315, and our telephone number is (216) 694-5700. We are subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act and its rules and regulations. The Exchange Act requires us to file reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. Copies of these reports and other information can be read and copied at:
SEC Public Reference Room
100 F Street N.E.
Washington, D.C. 20549
Information on the operation of the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330.
The SEC maintains a website that contains reports, proxy statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. These materials may be obtained electronically by accessing the SEC’s home page at www.sec.gov.
We make available, free of charge on our website, our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and amendments to these reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file these documents with, or furnish them to, the SEC. These documents are posted on our website at www.cliffsnaturalresources.com — under “Investors”.
We also make available, free of charge on our website, the charter of the Audit Committee, Board Affairs Committee, Compensation and Organization Committee and Finance Committee as well as the Corporate Governance Guidelines and the Code of Business Conduct & Ethics adopted by our Board of Directors. These documents are posted on our website at www.cliffsnaturalresources.com — under “Investors”, select the “Corporate Governance” link.
References to our website do not constitute incorporation by reference of the information contained on our website, and such information is not part of this Form 10-K.
Copies of the above referenced information will also be made available, free of charge, by calling (216) 694-5700 or upon written request to:
Cliffs Natural Resources Inc.
Investor Relations
200 Public Square
Cleveland, OH 44114-2315
 
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EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
Set forth below are: (1) the names and ages of all executive and certain other officers of the Company at February 26, 2009, (2) all positions with the Company presently held by each such person and (3) the positions held by, and principal areas of responsibility of, each such person during the last five years.

Name	  	Position(s) Held	  	  Age  	
Joseph A. Carrabba	  	Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer	  	56	
Laurie Brlas	  	Executive Vice President — Chief Financial Officer	  	51	
Donald J. Gallagher	  	President, North American Business Unit	  	56	
William A. Brake, Jr.	  	Executive Vice President — Human and Technical Resources	  	48	
William R. Calfee	  	Executive Vice President — Commercial, North American Iron Ore	  	62	
William C. Boor	  	Senior Vice President — Business Development	  	42	
Duke D. Vetor	  	Senior Vice President — North American Coal	  	50	
George W. Hawk, Jr.	  	General Counsel and Secretary	  	52	
There is no family relationship between any of our executive officers, or between any of our executive officers and any of our directors. Officers are elected to serve until successors have been elected. All of the above named executive officers were elected effective on the dates listed below for each such officer.
Joseph A. Carrabba has been Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of Cliffs since May 8, 2007. Mr. Carrabba served as Cliffs’ President and Chief Executive Officer from September 2006 through May 8, 2007 and as Cliffs’ President and Chief Operating Officer from May 2005 to September 2006. Mr. Carrabba previously served as President and Chief Operating Officer of Diavik Diamond Mines, Inc. from April 2003 to May 2005, a subsidiary of Rio Tinto plc., an international mining group. Mr. Carrabba is a Director of Newmont Mining Corporation.
Laurie Brlas has served as Executive Vice President — Chief Financial Officer of Cliffs since March 2008. Ms. Brlas served as Cliffs’ Senior Vice President — Chief Financial Officer from October 2007 through March 2008. From December 2006 to October 2007, Ms. Brlas served as Senior Vice President — Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of Cliffs. From April 2000 to December 2006, Ms. Brlas was Senior Vice President — Chief Financial Officer of STERIS Corporation. In addition, Ms. Brlas is a Director of Perrigo Company and Nova Chemicals.
Donald J. Gallagher has served as President, North American Business Unit of Cliffs since November 2007. From December 2006 to November 2007, Mr. Gallagher served as President, North American Iron Ore. From July 2006 to December 2006, Mr. Gallagher served as President, North American Iron Ore, and Acting Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of Cliffs. From May 2005 to July 2006, Mr. Gallagher was Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of Cliffs. From July 2003 to May 2005, Mr. Gallagher served as Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of Cliffs.
William A. Brake, Jr. has served as Executive Vice President, Human and Technical Resources of Cliffs since November 2008, when Mr. Brake assumed responsibility for human resources and labor relations in addition to his previous responsibilities. From April 2007 until November 2008, Mr. Brake served as Executive Vice President, Cliffs Metallics and Chief Technical Officer. From January 2006 to August 2006, Mr. Brake was Executive Vice President — Operations of Mittal Steel USA and from March 2005 to January 2006, he served as Executive Vice President — Operations East at Mittal Steel USA. From March 2003 to March 2005, Mr. Brake was Vice President and General Manager of International Steel Group.
William R. Calfee has served as Executive Vice President — Commercial, North American Iron Ore of Cliffs since July 2006. From 1996 to July 2006, Mr. Calfee served as Executive Vice President — Commercial of Cliffs.
William C. Boor has served as Senior Vice President, Business Development of Cliffs since May 2007. Mr. Boor served as Executive Vice President — Strategy and Development at American Gypsum Co. (a subsidiary of Eagle Materials Inc.) from February 2005 to April 2007 and Senior Vice President — Corporate Development and Investor Relations at Eagle Materials Inc. from May 2002 to February 2005.
 
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Duke D. Vetor has served as Senior Vice President, North American Coal of Cliffs since November 2007. From July 2006 to November 2007, Mr. Vetor served as Vice President — Operations — North American Iron Ore of Cliffs. Mr. Vetor was General Manager of Safety and Operations Improvement of Cliffs from December 2005 to July 2006. From 2003 to November 2005, Mr. Vetor served as Vice President — Operations of Diavik Diamond Mines.
George W. Hawk, Jr. has served as General Counsel and Secretary of Cliffs since January 2005. Prior to that, Mr. Hawk served as Assistant General Counsel and Secretary of Cliffs from August 2003 to December 2004 and Assistant General Counsel of Cliffs from February 2003 to July 2003. From 1998 to 2003, Mr. Hawk was Deputy General Counsel of Lincoln Electric Holdings, Inc.
 Item 1A.     Risk Factors. 
The current global economic crisis has created uncertainty and could adversely affect our business.
The current global economic crisis has adversely affected our business and could impact our financial results. All of our customers have announced curtailments of production, which has adversely affected the demand for our iron ore and coal products. Continuation or worsening of the current economic conditions, a prolonged global, national or regional economic recession or other events that could produce major changes in demand patterns, could have a material adverse effect on our sales, margins and profitability. We are not able to predict the impact the current global economic crisis will have on our operations and the industry in general going forward.
Steel consumption has slowed globally, leading to excess global capacity, which could result in increasing competition within the steel industry and increased imports into the United States, our largest market, potentially lowering the demand for iron ore and coal.
The world price of iron ore and coal are strongly influenced by international demand. Production at Portman, which comprises our Asia Pacific Iron Ore segment, is fully committed to steel companies in China and Japan. In addition, approximately 80 percent of 2009 production at Sonoma is committed under supply agreements with customers in Asia, including China. If the economic growth rate in China slows for an extended period of time, which may be difficult to forecast, less steel would be used in construction and manufacturing, which would decrease demand for iron ore and coal. This could adversely impact the world iron ore and coal markets and our operations, specifically, at Portman and Sonoma. A slowing of the economic growth rate globally leading to overcapacity in the steelmaking industry could also result in greater exports of steel out of Eastern Europe, Asia and Latin America, which, if imported into North America, could decrease demand for domestically produced steel, thereby decreasing the demand for iron ore and coal supplied in North America.
China’s domestic crude steel production climbed approximately two percent in 2008 as compared to 2007. Based on the American Iron and Steel Institute’s Apparent Steel Supply (excluding semi-finished steel products), imports of steel into the United States constituted approximately 24 percent, 23 percent and 27 percent of the domestic steel market supply for 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Further, production of steel by North American integrated steel manufacturers may also be replaced, to some extent, by production of substitute materials by other manufacturers. In the case of some product applications, North American steel manufacturers compete with manufacturers of other materials, including plastic, aluminum, graphite composites, ceramics, glass, wood and concrete. Most of our term supply agreements for the sale of iron ore products are requirements-based or provide for flexibility of volume above a minimum level. Reduced demand for and consumption of iron ore products by integrated steel producers have had and may continue to have a significant negative impact on our sales, margins and profitability.
Capacity expansions within the industry could lead to lower global iron ore and coal prices or impact our production.
The increased demand for iron ore and coal, particularly from China, has resulted in the major iron ore and metallurgical coal suppliers increasing their capacity. In the current economic environment, any increase in our competitors’ capacity could result in excess supply of iron ore and coal, resulting in increased downward pressure on prices. A decrease in pricing would adversely impact our sales, margins and profitability.
 
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The current global economic crisis has resulted in increasing downward pressure on prices for iron ore and metallurgical coal.
The current global economic crisis has resulted in a great deal of pressure from customers, particularly in China, for a roll back of the 2008 price increases for seaborne iron ore and metallurgical coal. The 2008 record price increase was driven by high demand for iron ore and coking coal, historically high levels of global steel production, and combined with production and logistics constraints for both iron ore and coking coal, resulted in tight supply conditions. With the current global economic crisis, none of these conditions exist in early 2009; and the market now is characterized by a collapse in steel demand and limited global demand for iron ore and coking coal. Reduced demand for iron ore and coking coal will likely result in decreased demand for the Company’s products and decreasing prices, resulting in lower revenue levels in 2009, and decreasing margins as a result of decreased production, adversely affecting our results of operations, financial condition and liquidity.
If steelmakers use methods other than blast furnace production to produce steel, or if their blast furnaces shut down or otherwise reduce production, the demand for our iron ore and coal products may decrease.
Demand for our iron ore and coal products is determined by the operating rates for the blast furnaces of steel companies. However, not all finished steel is produced by blast furnaces; finished steel also may be produced by other methods that do not require iron ore products. For example, steel “mini-mills,” which are steel recyclers, generally produce steel primarily by using scrap steel and other iron products, not iron ore pellets, in their electric furnaces. Production of steel by steel mini-mills was approximately 60 percent of North American total finished steel production in 2008. North American steel producers also can produce steel using imported iron ore or semi-finished steel products, which eliminates the need for domestic iron ore. Environmental restrictions on the use of blast furnaces also may reduce our customers’ use of their blast furnaces. Maintenance of blast furnaces can require substantial capital expenditures. Our customers may choose not to maintain their blast furnaces, and some of our customers may not have the resources necessary to adequately maintain their blast furnaces. If our customers use methods to produce steel that do not use iron ore and coal products, demand for our iron ore and coal products will decrease, which could adversely affect our sales, margins and profitability.
A substantial majority of our sales are made under term supply agreements, which are important to the stability and profitability of our operations.
In 2008, virtually all of our North American Iron Ore sales volume, the majority of our North American Coal sales, and virtually all of our Asia Pacific Iron Ore sales were sold under term supply agreements. For North American Coal, these agreements typically cover a twelve-month period and are typically renewed each year. The Asia Pacific Iron Ore contracts expire in 2012. Our North American Iron Ore contracts have an average remaining duration of six years. We cannot be certain that we will be able to renew or replace existing term supply agreements at the same volume levels, prices or with similar profit margins when they expire. A loss of sales to our existing customers could have a substantial negative impact on our sales, margins and profitability.
Our North American Iron Ore term supply agreements contain a number of price adjustment provisions, or price escalators, including adjustments based on general industrial inflation rates, the price of steel and the international price of iron ore pellets, among other factors, that allow us to adjust the prices under those agreements generally on an annual basis. Our price adjustment provisions are weighted and some are subject to annual collars, which limit our ability to raise prices to match international levels and fully capitalize on strong demand for iron ore. Most of our North American Iron Ore term supply agreements do not otherwise allow us to increase our prices and to directly pass through higher production costs to our customers. An inability to increase prices or pass along increased costs could adversely affect our margins and profitability.
In North America, we depend on a limited number of customers.
Five customers together accounted for more than 80 percent of our North American Iron Ore sales revenues (representing more than 50 percent of our overall revenues) measured as a percent of product revenue for each of the past three years. If one or more of these customers were to significantly reduce their purchases of products from us, or if we were unable to sell products to them on terms as favorable to us as the terms under our current
 
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term supply agreements, our North American sales, margins and profitability could suffer materially due to the high level of fixed costs and the high costs to idle or close mines. The majority of the iron ore we manage and produce is for our own account, and therefore we rely on sales to our joint venture partners and other third-party customers for most of our revenues.
Although we currently have adequate liquidity, if the current global economic crisis extends beyond 2009, we may have difficulty maintaining adequate liquidity.
Based on our current borrowing capacity and the actions we have taken in response to the global economic crisis to conserve cash, we have adequate liquidity and expect to fund our business obligations from available cash, current operations and borrowing under our current credit facilities. However, if the current economic crisis deepens into a long term downturn, it is possible that we will face liquidity issues that will negatively impact our cash flow or borrowing capacity. In such circumstances, we may be forced to access higher cost forms of capital.
The current global economic crisis may limit available capital.
We expect to grow our business and presence as an international mining company by continuing to expand both geographically and through the minerals that we mine and market. To execute on this strategy we will need to have access to the capital markets to finance acquisition and developmental mining properties. In the current global economic crisis access to capital to finance new projects and acquisitions is extremely limited. If we are unable to access the capital markets our ability to execute on our growth strategy will be negatively impacted.
Our ability to collect payments from our customers depends on their creditworthiness.
Our ability to receive payment for products sold and delivered to our customers depends on the creditworthiness of our customers. With respect to our North American Coal and Asia Pacific Iron Ore business units, payment is typically received as the products are shipped. However, in our North American Iron Ore business unit, generally, we deliver iron ore products to our customers’ facilities in advance of payment for those products. Our rationale for delivering iron ore products to customers in advance of payment for the product is to more closely relate timing of payment to consumption and to reduce our financial risk to customer insolvency, as title and risk of loss with respect to those products does not pass to the customer until payment for the pellets is received. Accordingly, there is typically a period of time in which pellets, for which we have reserved title, are within our customers’ control. Consolidations in some of the industries in which our customers operate have created larger customers, some of which are highly leveraged. These factors have caused some customers to be less profitable and increased our exposure to credit risk. Current credit markets are highly volatile, and some of our customers are highly leveraged. A significant adverse change in the financial and/or credit position of a customer could require us to assume greater credit risk relating to that customer and could limit our ability to collect receivables. Failure to receive payment from our customers for products that we have delivered could adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition and liquidity.
Mine closures entail substantial costs, and if we close one or more of our mines sooner than anticipated, our results of operations and financial condition may be significantly and adversely affected.
If we close any of our mines, our revenues would be reduced unless we were able to increase production at our other mines, which may not be possible. The closure of a mining operation involves significant fixed closure costs, including accelerated employment legacy costs, severance-related obligations, reclamation and other environmental costs, and the costs of terminating long-term obligations, including energy contracts and equipment leases. We base our assumptions regarding the life of our mines on detailed studies we perform from time to time, but those studies and assumptions are subject to uncertainties and estimates that may not be accurate. We recognize the costs of reclaiming open pits and shafts, stockpiles, tailings ponds, roads and other mining support areas based on the estimated mining life of our property. If we were to significantly reduce the estimated life of any of our mines, the mine-closure costs would be applied to a shorter period of production, which would increase production costs per ton produced and could significantly and adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.
 
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A North American mine permanent closure could significantly increase and accelerate employment legacy costs, including our expense and funding costs for pension and other postretirement benefit obligations. A number of employees would be eligible for immediate retirement under special eligibility rules that apply upon a mine closure. All employees eligible for immediate retirement under the pension plans at the time of the permanent mine closure also would be eligible for postretirement health and life insurance benefits, thereby accelerating our obligation to provide these benefits. Certain mine closures would precipitate a pension closure liability significantly greater than an ongoing operation liability. Finally, a permanent mine closure could trigger severance-related obligations, which can equal up to eight weeks of pay per employee, depending on length of service. No employee entitled to an immediate pension upon closure of a mine is entitled to severance. As a result, the closure of one or more of our mines could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
We rely on estimates of our recoverable reserves, which is complex due to geological characteristics of the properties and the number of assumptions made.
We regularly evaluate our North American iron ore and coal reserves based on revenues and costs and update them as required in accordance with SEC Industry Guide 7. Portman and Sonoma have published reserves which follow Joint Ore Reserves Code in Australia, which is similar to United States requirements. Changes to the reserve value to make them comply with SEC requirements have been made. There are numerous uncertainties inherent in estimating quantities of reserves of our mines, many of which have been in operation for several decades, including many factors beyond our control.
Estimates of reserves and future net cash flows necessarily depend upon a number of variable factors and assumptions, such as production capacity, effects of regulations by governmental agencies, future prices for iron ore and coal, future industry conditions and operating costs, severance and excise taxes, development costs and costs of extraction and reclamation, all of which may in fact vary considerably from actual results. For these reasons, estimates of the economically recoverable quantities of mineralized deposits attributable to any particular group of properties, classifications of such reserves based on risk of recovery and estimates of future net cash flows prepared by different engineers or by the same engineers at different times may vary substantially as the criteria change. Estimated ore and coal reserves could be affected by future industry conditions, geological conditions and ongoing mine planning. Actual production, revenues and expenditures with respect to our reserves will likely vary from estimates, and if such variances are material, our sales and profitability could be adversely affected.
We rely on our joint venture partners in our mines to meet their payment obligations and are subject to risks involving the acts or omissions of our joint venture partners when we are not the manager of the joint venture.
We co-own four of our six North American iron ore mines with various joint venture partners that are integrated steel producers or their subsidiaries, including ArcelorMittal USA, and U.S. Steel Canada Inc. (formerly Stelco Inc.), or U.S. Steel Canada. While we are the manager of each of the mines we co-own, we rely on our joint venture partners to make their required capital contributions and to pay for their share of the iron ore pellets that we produce. Most of our venture partners are also our customers. If one or more of our venture partners fail to perform their obligations, the remaining venturers, including ourselves, may be required to assume additional material obligations, including significant pension and postretirement health and life insurance benefit obligations. The premature closure of a mine due to the failure of a joint venture partner to perform its obligations could result in significant fixed mine-closure costs, including severance, employment legacy costs and other employment costs, reclamation and other environmental costs, and the costs of terminating long-term obligations, including energy contracts and equipment leases.
We cannot control the actions of our joint venture partners, especially when we have a minority interest in a joint venture and are not designated as the manager of the joint venture. Further, in spite of performing customary due diligence prior to entering into a joint venture, we cannot guaranty full disclosure of prior acts or omissions of the sellers or those with whom we enter into joint ventures. Such risks could have a material adverse effect on the business, results of operations or financial condition of our joint venture interests.
 
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Our expenditures for postretirement benefit and pension obligations could be materially higher than we have predicted if our underlying assumptions prove to be incorrect, if there are mine closures or our joint venture partners fail to perform their obligations that relate to employee pension plans.
We provide defined benefit pension plans and OPEB to eligible union and non-union employees, including our share of expense and funding obligations with respect to unconsolidated ventures. Our pension expense and our required contributions to our pension plans are directly affected by the value of plan assets, the projected and actual rate of return on plan assets and the actuarial assumptions we use to measure our defined benefit pension plan obligations, including the rate at which future obligations are discounted.
We cannot predict whether changing market or economic conditions such as the current economic crisis, regulatory changes or other factors will increase our pension expenses or our funding obligations, diverting funds we would otherwise apply to other uses.
We have calculated our unfunded pension and OPEB obligations based on a number of assumptions. If our assumptions do not materialize as expected, cash expenditures and costs that we incur could be materially higher. Moreover, we cannot be certain that regulatory changes will not increase our obligations to provide these or additional benefits. These obligations also may increase substantially in the event of adverse medical cost trends or unexpected rates of early retirement, particularly for bargaining unit retirees for whom there is currently no retiree healthcare cost cap. Early retirement rates likely would increase substantially in the event of a mine closure.
Our sales and competitive position depend on the ability to transport our products to our customers at competitive rates and in a timely manner.
Disruption of the lake freighter and rail transportation services because of weather-related problems, including ice and winter weather conditions on the Great Lakes, strikes, lock-outs or other events, could impair our ability to supply iron ore pellets to our customers at competitive rates or in a timely manner and, thus, could adversely affect our sales and profitability. Similarly, our coal operations depend on international freighter and rail transportation services, as well as the availability of dock capacity, and any disruptions to such could impair our ability to supply coal to our customers at competitive rates or in a timely manner and, thus, could adversely affect our sales and profitability. Further, reduced levels of government funding may result in a lesser level of dredging, particularly at Great Lakes ports. Less dredging results in lower water levels, which restricts the tonnage freighters can haul over the Great Lakes, resulting in higher freight rates.
Our Asia Pacific Iron Ore operations are in direct competition with the major world seaborne exporters of iron ore and our customers face higher transportation costs than most other Australian producers to ship our products to the Asian markets because of the location of our major shipping port on the south coast of Australia. Further, increases in transportation costs, decreased availability of ocean vessels or changes in such costs relative to transportation costs incurred by our competitors, could make our products less competitive, restrict our access to certain markets and have an adverse effect on our sales, margins and profitability.
Our operating expenses could increase significantly if the price of electrical power, fuel or other energy sources increases.
Operating expenses at all of our mining locations are sensitive to changes in electricity prices and fuel prices, including diesel fuel and natural gas prices. In our North American Iron Ore locations, for example, these items make up approximately 20 percent of our North American Iron Ore operating costs. Prices for electricity, natural gas and fuel oils can fluctuate widely with availability and demand levels from other users. During periods of peak usage, supplies of energy may be curtailed and we may not be able to purchase them at historical rates. While we have some long-term contracts with electrical suppliers, we are exposed to fluctuations in energy costs that can affect our production costs. We enter into forward fixed-price supply contracts for natural gas and diesel fuel for use in our operations. Those contracts are of limited duration and do not cover all of our fuel needs, and price increases in fuel costs could cause our profitability to decrease significantly.
 
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Natural disasters, weather conditions, disruption of energy, unanticipated geological conditions, equipment failures, and other unexpected events may lead our customers, our suppliers, or our facilities to curtail production or shut down their operations.
Operating levels within the industry are subject to unexpected conditions and events that are beyond the industry’s control. Those events could cause industry members or their suppliers to curtail production or shut down a portion or all of their operations, which could reduce the demand for our iron ore and coal products, and could adversely affect our sales, margins, and profitability.
For example, in January of 2008, one of our customers provided us with a force majeure letter due to a fire on the smaller of its two operating furnaces. In February 2007, severe weather conditions caused significant ice buildup in the basin supplying water to the Hibbing facility tailings basin. This caused a production shutdown that lowered first quarter production output. In August 2007 and March 2008, production at Pinnacle slowed as a result of sandstone intrusions encountered within the coal panel being mined at the time, spreading fixed costs over less production than planned.
Interruptions in production capabilities will inevitably increase our production costs and reduce our profitability. We do not have meaningful excess capacity for current production needs, and we are not able to quickly increase production at one mine to offset an interruption in production at another mine.
A portion of our production costs are fixed regardless of current operating levels. As noted, our operating levels are subject to conditions beyond our control that can delay deliveries or increase the cost of mining at particular mines for varying lengths of time. These conditions include weather conditions (for example, extreme winter weather, floods and availability of process water due to drought) and natural disasters, pit wall failures, unanticipated geological conditions, including variations in the amount of rock and soil overlying the deposits of iron ore and coal, variations in rock and other natural materials and variations in geologic conditions and ore processing changes.
The manufacturing processes that take place in our mining operations, as well as in our processing facilities, depend on critical pieces of equipment. This equipment may, on occasion, be out of service because of unanticipated failures. In addition, many of our mines and processing facilities have been in operation for several decades, and the equipment is aged. In the future, we may experience additional material plant shutdowns or periods of reduced production because of equipment failures. Further, remediation of any interruption in production capability may require us to make large capital expenditures that could have a negative effect on our profitability and cash flows. Our business interruption insurance would not cover all of the lost revenues associated with equipment failures. Longer-term business disruptions could result in a loss of customers, which could adversely affect our future sales levels, and therefore our profitability.
Regarding the impact of unexpected events happening to our suppliers, many of our mines are dependent on one source for electric power and for natural gas. For example, Minnesota Power, Inc. is the sole supplier of electric power to our Hibbing and United Taconite mines; WEPCO is the sole supplier of electric power to our Tilden and Empire mines; and our Northshore mine is largely dependent on our wholly-owned power facility for its electrical supply. A significant interruption in service from our energy suppliers due to terrorism, weather conditions, natural disasters, or any other cause can result in substantial losses that may not be fully recoverable, either from our business interruption insurance or responsible third parties.
We are subject to extensive governmental regulation, which imposes, and will continue to impose, significant costs and liabilities on us, and future regulation could increase those costs and liabilities or limit our ability to produce iron ore and coal products.
We are subject to various federal, provincial, state and local laws and regulations in each jurisdiction in which we have operations on matters such as employee health and safety, air quality, water pollution, plant and wildlife protection, reclamation and restoration of mining properties, the discharge of materials into the environment, and the effects that mining has on groundwater quality and availability. Numerous governmental permits and approvals are required for our operations. We cannot be certain that we have been or will be at all times in complete compliance with such laws, regulations and permits. If we violate or fail to comply with these laws, regulations or permits, we could be fined or otherwise sanctioned by regulators.
 
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Prior to commencement of mining, we must submit to and obtain approval from the appropriate regulatory authority of plans showing where and how mining and reclamation operations are to occur. These plans must include information such as the location of mining areas, stockpiles, surface waters, haul roads, tailings basins and drainage from mining operations. All requirements imposed by any such authority may be costly and time-consuming and may delay commencement or continuation of exploration or production operations. In addition, new legislation and regulations and orders, including proposals related to climate change and protection of the environment, to which we would be subject or that would further regulate and tax our customers, namely the North American integrated steel producer customers, may also require us or our customers to reduce or otherwise change operations significantly or incur additional costs. Such new legislation, regulations or orders (if enacted) could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition or profitability. For example, our U.S. operations are subject to MACT emissions standards for particulate matter promulgated by the EPA under the Clean Air Act effective October 31, 2006. The EPA’s decision not to regulate emissions of mercury or asbestos in the MACT Rule is the subject of a court remand, and the outcome cannot be predicted.
Further, we are subject to a variety of potential liability exposures arising at certain sites where we do not currently conduct operations. These sites include sites where we formerly conducted iron ore mining or processing or other operations, inactive sites that we currently own, predecessor sites, acquired sites, leased land sites and third-party waste disposal sites. We may be named as a responsible party at other sites in the future and we cannot be certain that the costs associated with these additional sites will not be material.
We also could be held liable for any and all consequences arising out of human exposure to hazardous substances used, released or disposed of by us or other environmental damage, including damage to natural resources. In particular, we and certain of our subsidiaries are involved in various claims relating to the exposure of asbestos and silica to seamen who sailed on the Great Lakes vessels formerly owned and operated by certain of our subsidiaries. The full impact of these claims, as well as whether insurance coverage will be sufficient and whether other defendants named in these claims will be able to fund any costs arising out of these claims, continues to be unknown.
Underground mining is subject to increased safety regulation and may require us to incur additional cost.
Recent mine disasters have led to the enactment and consideration of significant new federal and state laws and regulations relating to safety in underground coal mines. These laws and regulations include requirements for constructing and maintaining caches for the storage of additional self-contained self rescuers throughout underground mines; installing rescue chambers in underground mines; constant tracking of and communication with personnel in the mines; installing cable lifelines from the mine portal to all sections of the mine to assist in emergency escape; submission and approval of emergency response plans; and new and additional safety training. Additionally, new requirements for the prompt reporting of accidents and increased fines and penalties for violations of these and existing regulations have been implemented. These new laws and regulations may cause us to incur substantial additional costs, which may adversely impact our operating performance.
Coal mining is complex due to geological characteristics of the region.
The geological characteristics of coal reserves, such as depth of overburden and coal seam thickness, make them complex and costly to mine. As mines become depleted, replacement reserves may not be available when required or, if available, may not be capable of being mined at costs comparable to those characteristic of the depleting mines. These factors could materially adversely affect the mining operations and cost structures of, and customers’ ability to use coal produced.
Our profitability could be negatively affected if we fail to maintain satisfactory labor relations.
The USW represents all hourly employees at our North American Iron Ore locations except for Northshore. The UMWA represents hourly employees at our North American Coal locations. We have entered into an agreement with the USW on a new four-year labor contract to replace the labor agreement that expired on September 1, 2008 and that will cover approximately 2,300 USW-represented workers at our Empire and Tilden mines in Michigan, and our United Taconite and Hibbing mines in Minnesota. A five-year agreement runs until
 
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March 1, 2009 with our Canadian work force. The current UMWA agreement runs through 2011 at our coal locations. Hourly employees at the railroads we own that transport products among our facilities are represented by multiple unions with labor agreements that expire at various dates. If the collective bargaining agreements relating to the employees at our mines or railroads are not successfully renegotiated prior to their expiration, we could face work stoppages or labor strikes.
We may encounter labor shortages for critical operational positions, which could affect our ability to produce our products.
Prior to the current global economic crisis, the global mining industry was facing a critical shortage of essential skilled employees. Competition for the available workers was limiting our ability to attract and retain employees prior to the global economic crisis.
Despite the current economic downturn, we are predicting a long term shortage of skilled workers for the mining industry. At many of our mining locations, many of our mining operational employees are approaching retirement age. As these experienced employees retire, we may have difficulty replacing them at competitive wages. As a result, wages are increasing to address the turnover. In addition, when the global economy recovers, we will again be under increasing pressure to retain our existing skilled workers, also resulting in higher wages.
Our profitability could be affected by the failure of outside contractors to perform.
Portman and Sonoma use contractors to handle many of the operational phases of their mining and processing operations and therefore are subject to the performance of outside companies on key production areas.
We may be unable to successfully identify, acquire and integrate strategic acquisition candidates.
Our ability to grow successfully through acquisitions depends upon our ability to identify, negotiate, complete and integrate suitable acquisitions and to obtain necessary financing. It is possible that we will be unable to successfully complete potential acquisitions. In addition, the costs of acquiring other businesses could increase if competition for acquisition candidates increases. Additionally, the success of an acquisition is subject to other risks and uncertainties, including our ability to realize operating efficiencies expected from an acquisition, the size or quality of the resource, delays in realizing the benefits of an acquisition, difficulties in retaining key employees, customers or suppliers of the acquired businesses, difficulties in maintaining uniform controls, procedures, standards and policies throughout acquired companies, the risks associated with the assumption of contingent or undisclosed liabilities of acquisition targets, the impact of changes to our allocation of purchase price, and the ability to generate future cash flows or the availability of financing.
We are subject to risks involving operations in multiple countries.
We have a strategy to broaden our scope as a supplier of iron ore and other raw materials to the global integrated steel industry. As we expand beyond our traditional North American base business, we will be subject to additional risks beyond those risks relating to our North American operations, such as currency fluctuations; legal and tax limitations on our ability to repatriate earnings in a tax-efficient manner; potential negative international impacts resulting from U.S. foreign and domestic policies, including government embargoes or foreign trade restrictions; the imposition of duties, tariffs, import and export controls and other trade barriers impacting the seaborne iron ore and coal markets; difficulties in staffing and managing multi-national operations; and uncertainties in the enforcement of legal rights and remedies in multiple jurisdictions. If we are unable to manage successfully the risks associated with expanding our global business, these risks could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
We are subject to a variety of market risks.
Market risks include those caused by changes in the value of equity investments, changes in commodity prices, interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates. We have established policies and procedures to manage such risks, however certain risks are beyond our control.
 
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 Item 1B.     Unresolved Staff Comments. 
We have no unresolved comments from the SEC.
 Item 2.     Properties. 
The following map shows the locations of our operations:

Mine Facilities and Equipment .    Each of the North American Iron Ore mines has crushing, concentrating, and pelletizing facilities. There are crushing and screening facilities at Koolyanobbing and Cockatoo Island. North American Coal mines have preparation, processing, and load-out facilities, with the Pinnacle and Green Ridge mines sharing facilities. The facilities at each site are in satisfactory condition, although they require routine capital and maintenance expenditures on an ongoing basis. Certain mine equipment generally is powered by electricity, diesel fuel or gasoline. Our share of the total cost of the property, plant and equipment, net of applicable accumulated amortization and depreciation as of December 31, 2008, for each of the mines is set forth in the chart below.

 	  	(In Millions)	 	
Mine Location	  	Historical Cost of Mine
Plant and Equipment,
Net of Applicable
Accumulated Amortization and
Depreciation (Cliffs’ Share)	 	
Empire	  	$	30.5	(1)	
Tilden	  	 	159.6	(2)	
Hibbing	  	 	13.2	 	
Northshore	  	 	109.5	 	
United Taconite	  	 	77.4	 	
Wabush	  	 	15.2	 	
Pinnacle	  	 	524.3	(5)	
Oak Grove	  	 	244.3	 	
Sonoma	  	 	100.8	(6)	
Cockatoo Island	  	 	—  	(4)	
Koolyanobbing	  	 	718.6	 	
Amapá	  	 	—  	(3)	

(1)	Includes capitalized financing costs of $3.2 million, net of accumulated amortization. Our consolidated net book value related to Empire is $0 as of December 31, 2008, based upon an impairment charge recorded in 2001.	
 
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(2)	Includes capitalized financing costs of $11.2 million, net of accumulated amortization.	
 
(3)	The mine is in the pre-production stage.	
 
(4)	Cockatoo Island plant and equipment is fully amortized.	
 
(5)	Includes capitalized financing costs of $0.7 million, net of accumulated amortization.	
 
(6)	Includes capitalized financing costs of $1.8 million, net of accumulated amortization.	
North American Iron Ore
We directly or indirectly own and operate interests in the following six North American iron ore mines:
Empire mine
The Empire mine is located on the Marquette Iron Range in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula approximately 15 miles west-southwest of Marquette, Michigan. The mine has been in operation since 1963. Over the past five years, the Empire mine has produced between 4.6 million and 5.4 million tons of iron ore pellets annually.
We own 79.0 percent of Empire, and a subsidiary of ArcelorMittal USA has retained the remaining 21 percent ownership in Empire with limited rights and obligations, which it has a unilateral right to put to us at any time subsequent to the end of 2007. This right has not been exercised. We own directly approximately one-half of the remaining ore reserves at the Empire mine and lease them to Empire. A subsidiary of ours leases the balance of the Empire reserves from other owners of such reserves and subleases them to Empire.
Tilden mine
The Tilden mine is located on the Marquette Iron Range in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula approximately five miles south of Ishpeming, Michigan. The Tilden mine has been in operation since 1974. Over the past five years, the Tilden mine has produced between 6.9 million and 7.9 million tons of iron ore pellets annually.
We own 85 percent of Tilden, with the remaining minority interest owned by U.S. Steel Canada. Each partner takes its share of production pro rata; however, provisions in the partnership agreement allow additional or reduced production to be delivered under certain circumstances. We own all of the ore reserves at the Tilden mine and lease them to Tilden.
The Empire and Tilden mines are located adjacent to each other. The logistical benefits include a consolidated transportation system, more efficient employee and equipment operating schedules, reduction in redundant facilities and workforce and best practices sharing.
Hibbing mine
The Hibbing mine is located in the center of Minnesota’s Mesabi Iron Range and is approximately ten miles north of Hibbing, Minnesota and five miles west of Chisholm, Minnesota. The Hibbing mine has been in operation since 1976. Over the past five years, the Hibbing mine has produced between 7.4 million and 8.5 million tons of iron ore pellets annually.
We own 23.0 percent of Hibbing, ArcelorMittal USA has a 62.3 percent interest, and U.S. Steel Canada has a 14.7 percent interest. Each partner takes its share of production pro rata; however, provisions in the joint venture agreement allow additional or reduced production to be delivered under certain circumstances.
Northshore mine
The Northshore mine is located in northeastern Minnesota, approximately two miles south of Babbitt, Minnesota on the northeastern end of the Mesabi Iron Range. Northshore’s processing facilities are located in Silver Bay, Minnesota, near Lake Superior. The Northshore mine has been in continuous operation since 1990. Over the past five years, the Northshore mine has produced between 4.8 million and 5.5 million tons of iron ore pellets annually.
 
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The Northshore mine began production under our management and ownership on October 1, 1994. We own 100 percent of the mine.
United Taconite mine
The United Taconite mine is located on Minnesota’s Mesabi Iron Range in and around the city of Eveleth, Minnesota. The United Taconite concentrator and pelletizing facilities are located 10 miles south of the mine, near the town of Forbes, Minnesota. The mine has been operating since 1965. Over the past five years, the United Taconite mine has produced between 1.6 million and 5.3 million tons of iron ore pellets annually.
On July 11, 2008, we signed and closed on the acquisition of the remaining 30 percent interest in United Taconite, with an effective date of July 1, 2008. Upon consummation of the purchase, our ownership interest in United Taconite increased from 70 percent to 100 percent.
Wabush mine
The Wabush mine and concentrator are located in Wabush, Labrador, Newfoundland, and the pellet plant is located in Pointe Noire, Quebec, Canada. The Wabush mine has been in operation since 1965. Over the past five years, the Wabush mine has produced between 3.8 million and 5.2 million tons of iron ore pellets annually. We own 26.8 percent of Wabush, Dofasco has a 28.6 percent interest and U.S. Steel Canada has a 44.6 percent interest.
North American Coal
We directly own and operate the following two North American coal mining complexes:
Pinnacle Complex
The Pinnacle Complex includes the Pinnacle and Green Ridge mines and is located approximately 30 miles southwest of Beckley, West Virginia. The Pinnacle mine has been in operation since 1969. Over the past five years, the Pinnacle mine has produced between 1.4 million and 2.5 million tons of coal annually. The Green Ridge mine has been in operation since 2004 and has produced between 0.3 million and 0.5 million tons of coal annually.
Oak Grove mine
The Oak Grove mine is located approximately 25 miles southwest of Birmingham, Alabama. The mine has been in operation since 1972. Over the past five years, the Oak Grove mine has produced between 1.0 million and 1.7 million tons of coal annually.
Asia Pacific Iron Ore
Koolyanobbing
The Koolyanobbing operations are located 425 kilometers east of Perth and approximately 50 kilometers northeast of the town of Southern Cross. Koolyanobbing produces lump and fine iron ore. An expansion program was completed in 2006 to increase capacity from six to eight million tonnes per annum. The expansion was primarily driven by the development of iron ore resources at Mount Jackson and Windarling, located 80 kilometers and 100 kilometers north of the existing Koolyanobbing operations, respectively. Over the past five years, the Koolyanobbing operation has produced between 4.9 million and 7.6 million tonnes annually.
Cockatoo Island
The Cockatoo Island operation is located six kilometers to the west of Yampi Peninsula, in the Buccaneer Archipelago, and 140 kilometers north of Derby in the West Kimberley region of Western Australia. The island has been mined for iron ore since 1951, with a break in operations between 1985 and 1993. Over the past five years, Cockatoo Island has produced between 0.6 million and 1.4 million tonnes annually.
 
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Portman commenced a beneficiation project in 1993 that was completed in mid-2000. Portman owns a 50 percent interest in this joint venture to mine remnant iron ore deposits. Mining from this phase of the operation commenced in late 2000. In 2008, Cockatoo Island production began to reduce, as the second stage of the seawall reserves were exhausted. Construction on a necessary extension of the existing seawall commenced in the third quarter 2008, with production anticipated to restart by the end of the second quarter 2009. This extension is expected to extend production for approximately two additional years, through June 2011. Ore is hauled by haul truck to the stockpiles, crushed and screened and then transferred by conveyor to the shiploader.
Transportation
North American Iron Ore
Two railroads, one of which is wholly-owned by us, link the Empire and Tilden mines with Lake Michigan at the loading port of Escanaba, Michigan and with the Lake Superior loading port of Marquette, Michigan. From the Mesabi Range, Hibbing pellets are transported by rail to a shiploading port at Superior, Wisconsin. United Taconite pellets are shipped by railroad to the port of Duluth, Minnesota. At Northshore, crude ore is shipped by a wholly-owned railroad from the mine to processing and dock facilities at Silver Bay, Minnesota. In Canada, there is an open-pit mine and concentrator at Wabush, Labrador, Newfoundland and a pellet plant and dock facility at Pointe Noire, Quebec. At the Wabush mine, concentrates are shipped by rail from the Scully mine at Wabush to Pointe Noire where they are pelletized for shipment via vessel within Canada, to the United States and other international destinations or shipped as concentrates for sinter feed.
North American Coal
Our coal production is shipped within the U.S. by rail or barge. Coal for international customers is shipped through the port of Mobile, Alabama or Newport News, Virginia.
Asia Pacific Iron Ore
All of the ore mined at the Koolyanobbing operations is transported by rail to the Port of Esperance, 575 kilometers to the south for shipment to Asian customers. Direct ship premium fines mined at Cockatoo Island are loaded at a local dock. On July 17, 2008, Portman entered into an agreement to upgrade the rail line related to our operations in Asia Pacific. The upgrade is being performed to mitigate the risk of derailment and reduce service disruptions by providing a more robust infrastructure. The improvements include the replacement of 120 kilometers of rail and associated parts. As a result, we have incurred a purchase commitment of approximately $39 million for maintenance and improvements to the rail structure. The project is expected to be completed by the end of the first quarter in 2010.
Internal Control Over Reserve Estimation
We have a corporate policy relating to internal control and procedures with respect to auditing and estimating mineral reserves. The procedures include the calculation of mineral reserves at each mine by mining engineers and geologists under the direction of our Chief Mining Engineer. Our General Manager of Resource Technology compiles, reviews, and submits the calculations to the Corporate Accounting department, where the disclosures for our annual and quarterly reports are prepared based on those calculations. The draft disclosure is submitted to our General Manager of Resource Technology for further review and approval. The draft disclosures are then reviewed and approved by our Chief Financial Officer and Chief Executive Officer before inclusion in our annual and quarterly reports. Additionally, the long-range mine planning and mineral reserve estimates are reviewed annually by our Audit Committee. Furthermore, all changes to mineral reserve estimates, other than those due to production, are documented by our General Manager of Resource Technology and are submitted to our President and Chief Executive Officer for review and approval. Finally, we perform periodic reviews of long-range mine plans and mineral reserve estimates at mine staff meetings and senior management meetings.
 
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Operations
In North America, we produced 22.9 million, 21.8 million and 20.8 million long tons of iron ore pellets in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively, for our account and 12.3 million, 12.8 million and 12.8 million long tons, respectively, on behalf of the steel company owners of the mines. We also produced 3.5 million and 1.1 million short tons of coal in North America in 2008 and 2007, respectively, representing our volume since the acquisition of PinnOak on July 31, 2007. In Australia, we produced 7.7 million tonnes, 8.4 million tonnes and 7.7 million tonnes in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Refer to Production and Sales Volume included in Item 7 — Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations , for further information.
Our business is subject to a number of operational factors that can affect our future profitability. A more detailed description of these risks is included in Item 1A. Risk Factors .
Mine Capacity and Ore Reserves
Reserves are defined by SEC Industry Standard Guide 7 as that part of a mineral deposit that could be economically and legally extracted and produced at the time of the reserve determination. All reserves are classified as proven or probable and are supported by life-of-mine plans.
Iron Ore Reserves
Ore reserve estimates for our iron ore mines as of December 31, 2008 were estimated from fully-designed open pits developed using three-dimensional modeling techniques. These fully designed pits incorporate design slopes, practical mining shapes and access ramps to assure the accuracy of our reserve estimates. The following tables reflect expected current annual capacity and economic ore reserves for our North American and Asia Pacific iron ore mines as of December 31, 2008.
North American Iron Ore

Mine	 	Iron Ore
Mineralization	 	Current
Annual
Capacity	 	Mineral Reserves (2) (3)	 	Mineral
Rights	 	 	Method of
Reserve
Estimation	 	Operating
Since	 	Infrastructure	
	 		 		 	Current Year	 	Previous
Year	 			 		 		 		
	 		 		 	Proven	 	Probable	 	Total	 		 			 		 		 		
	 		 		 		 		 		 		 	Owned	 	 	Leased	 	 		 		 		
 	 	 	 	Tons in millions (1)	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Empire	 	Negaunee Iron
Formation
(Magnetite)	 	5.5	 	33	 	—  	 	33	 	10	 	53	%	 	47	%	 	Geologic -
Block Model	 	1963	 	Mine, Concentrator,
Pelletizer	
												
Tilden	 	Negaunee Iron
Formation
(Hematite,
Magnetite)	 	8.0	 	219	 	61	 	280	 	252	 	100	%	 	0	%	 	Geologic -
Block Model	 	1974	 	Mine, Concentrator,
Pelletizer, Railroad	
												
Hibbing Taconite	 	Biwabik Iron
Formation
(Magnetite)	 	8.0	 	104	 	10	 	114	 	145	 	3	%	 	97	%	 	Geologic -
Block Model	 	1976	 	Mine, Concentrator,
Pelletizer	
												
Northshore (4)	 	Biwabik Iron
Formation
(Magnetite)	 	5.7	 	298	 	10	 	308	 	313	 	0	%	 	100	%	 	Geologic -
Block Model	 	1989	 	Mine, Concentrator,
Pelletizer, Railroad	
												
United Taconite	 	Biwabik Iron
Formation
(Magnetite)	 	5.4	 	128	 	16	 	144	 	149	 	0	%	 	100	%	 	Geologic -
Block Model	 	1965	 	Mine, Concentrator,
Pelletizer	
												
Wabush	 	Sokoman Iron
Formation
(Hematite)	 	5.5	 	75	 	—  	 	75	 	39	 	0	%	 	100	%	 	Geologic -
Block Model	 	1965	 	Mine, Concentrator,
Pelletizer, Railroad	
	 		 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 			 			 		 		 		
	 	Total	 	38.1	 	857	 	97	 	954	 	908	 			 			 		 		 		

(1)	Tons are long tons of 2,240 pounds.	
 
(2)	Estimated standard equivalent pellets, including both proven and probable reserves based on life-of-mine operating schedules.	
 
(3)	We regularly evaluate our reserve estimates and update them in accordance with SEC Industry Guide 7.	
 
(4)	Northshore annual capacity increased in 2008 from 4.8 million through reactivation of idled concentrating and pelletizing plant sections.	
 
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In 2008, there were no changes in reserve estimates at Northshore or United Taconite, except for production.
New economic reserve analyses were performed at Empire, Tilden, Hibbing and Wabush in 2008. Each of the new reserve analyses incorporate updates to both iron ore pellet pricing and operating costs. Changes in the reserve estimates are as follows:
 
 	•	 	Empire – Pellet reserves are increased by 26 million tons net of 2008 production. The increased reserves are obtained by an additional pit pushback.	
 
 	•	 	Tilden – Pellet reserves are increased by 35 million tons net of 2008 production. The increased reserves are obtained by an additional pit pushback of the hematite main pit.	
 
 	•	 	Hibbing – Pellet reserves are decreased by 23 million tons net of 2008 production. The decreased reserves are due to the inability of life of mine scheduling to accommodate all low recovery ores while maintaining an 8.0 million ton annual pellet production rate. The previous ore reserve estimate for Hibbing Taconite was based on a 7.8 million ton operating rate that allowed maximum utilization of these ores.	
 
 	•	 	Wabush – Pellet reserves were increased by 40 million tons net of 2008 production. The increased reserves are obtained by optimizing manganese cut-off grades for pellet specifications and operational improvements in pit dewatering allowing for deeper pit designs.	
Asia Pacific Iron Ore

 	 	Iron Ore
Mineralization	 	Current
Annual
Capacity	 	Mineral Reserves (2) (3)	 	Mineral
Rights	 	 	Method of
Reserve
Estimation	 	 	
 	 		 		 	Current Year	 	Previous
Year	 			 		 	 	 	 	
Mine	 		 		 	Proven	 	Probable	 	Total	 		 	Owned	 	 	Leased	 	 		 	Operating
Since	 	Infrastructure	
 	 	 	 	Tonnes in million (1)	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Koolyanobbing (4)	 	Banded Iron
Formations
Southern
Cross Terrane
Yilgarn Mineral
Field (Hematite,
Goethite)	 	8.2	 	6.7	 	83.8	 	90.5	 	95.1	 	0	%	 	100	%	 	Geologic -
Block Model	 	1994	 	Mine, Road Train Haulage, Crushing- Screening Plant	
												
Cockatoo Island JV (5,6)	 	Sandstone Yampi
Formation
Kimberley
Mineral Field
(Hematite)	 	1.2	 	—  	 	2.3	 	2.3	 	0.5	 	0	%	 	100	%	 	Geologic -
Block Model	 	1994	 	Mine,
Crushing-Screening Plant, Shiploader	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 			 			 		 		 		
	 	Total	 	9.4	 	6.7	 	86.1	 	92.8	 	95.6	 			 			 		 		 		

(1)	Metric tons of 2,205 pounds.	
 
(2)	Reported ore reserves restricted to proven and probable tonnages based on life of mine operating schedules. 6.7 million tonnes of the Koolyanobbing reserves are sourced from current stockpiles.	
 
(3)	Asia Pacific Iron Ore’s reserve estimates are regularly updated in accordance with SEC Industry Guide 7 and the 2004 Edition of the JORC Code.	
 
(4)	Rail and plant upgrades in 2008 increase the annual capacity to 8.2 million tonnes for 2009.	
 
(5)	Asia Pacific Iron Ore has a 50% interest in the Cockatoo Island joint venture. Reserves reported at 100% and represent the Stage 3 Seawall extension project area.	
 
(6)	The Cockatoo Stage 3 Seawall extension is scheduled for completion in July 2009 with first shipment from the restarted operation scheduled for the same month.	
Net of 2008 mine depletion, Koolyanobbing ore reserves have increased by 3 million tonnes. The increase is related to mine planning optimization and conversion of inferred mineralization to indicated resources enabling their utilization in economic reserve analyses.
During 2008 the Cockatoo Island Stage 2 seawall embankment project reserves were exhausted. A Stage 3 extension of the seawall embankment commenced in 2008 which will provide access to an additional 2.3 million tonnes of premium high grade iron ore fines for the joint venture. This extension is expected to extend production for approximately two additional years, through June 2011.
 
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Coal Reserves
North American Coal
Coal reserve estimates for our North American underground coal mines as of December 31, 2008 were estimated using three-dimensional modeling techniques, coupled with mine plan designs. A complete re-estimation of the moist, recoverable coal reserves was completed subsequent to the 2007 acquisition. The following table reflects expected current annual capacities and economically recoverable reserves for our North American coal mines as of December 31, 2008.

Mine (2)	 	Category (3)	 	Current
Annual
Capacity	 	Proven and Probable
Reserves	 	Mineral Rights	 	 	Method of
Reserve
Estimation	 	Infrastructure	
	 		 		 	In-place	 	Moist
Recoverable	 	Owned	 	 	Leased	 	 		 		
 	 	 	 	Tons in Millions (1)	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Pinnacle Complex	 		 	4.0	 		 		 	0	%	 	100	%	 	Geologic -	 	Mine, Preparation	
Pocahontas No 3	 	Assigned	 		 	121.9	 	60.6	 			 			 	Block Model	 	Plant, Load-out	
Pocahontas No 4	 	Unassinged	 		 	32.8	 	11.1	 			 			 		 		
Oak Grove	 		 	2.5	 		 		 	0	%	 	100	%	 	Geologic -	 	Mine, Preparation	
Blue Creek Seam	 	Assigned	 		 	92.9	 	48.4	 			 			 	Block Model	 	Plant, Load-out	
	 		 	 	 	 	 	 	 			 			 		 		
Total	 		 	6.5	 	247.6	 	120.1	 			 			 		 		

(1)	Short tons of 2,000 pounds.	
 
(2)	All coal extracted by underground mining using longwall and continuous miner equipment.	
 
(3)	Assigned reserves represent coal reserves that can be mined without a significant capital expenditure for mine development, whereas unassigned reserves will require significant capital expenditures to mine the reserves.	
All recoverable coal reserves at our North American operations are high quality, low volatile, metallurgical grade coal. The following table presents the coal quality at our North American coal mines.

Mine	  	Coal Type	  	Moist Recoverable
Reserves (1)
Proven & Probable	  	Sulfur
Content%	  	As Received
Btu/lb	
Pinnacle Complex	  		  		  		  		
Pocahontas No 3	  	Metallurgical	  	60.6	  	0.76	  	14,000	
Pocahontas No 4	  	Metallurgical	  	11.1	  	0.60	  	14,000	
Oak Grove	  		  		  		  		
Blue Creek Seam	  	Metallurgical	  	48.4	  	0.53	  	13,300	
	  		  	 	  		  		
Total	  		  	120.1	  		  		

(1)	In millions of short tons of 2,000 pounds.	
Asia Pacific Coal
The coal reserve estimate for our Asia Pacific coal mine as of December 31, 2008 is based on a JORC-compliant resource estimate. An optimized pit design for an initial 10-year mine operating schedule was generated supporting the reserve estimate.
 
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The following table reflects expected current annual capacity and economically recoverable reserves for the Sonoma Project:

Mine (2)	 	Category (3)	 	Current
Annual
Capacity (4)	 	Proven and Probable	 	Mineral Rights	 	 	Method of
Reserve
Estimation	 	Infrastructure	
	 		 		 	In-place	 	Moist Recoverable	 	Owned	 	 	Leased	 	 		 		
 	 	 	 	Tonnes in Millions (1)	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Sonoma	 		 		 		 		 			 			 		 		
Moranbah Coal Measures B, C and E Seams	 	Assigned	 	4.0	 	43.3	 	25.3	 	0	%	 	100	%	 	Geologic -
Block Model	 	Mine, Preparation,
Plant, Load-out	

(1)	Metric tons of 2,205 pounds. In-place coal at 8 percent moisture, recoverable clean coal at 9 percent moisture. Reserves listed on 100 percent basis. Cliffs Natural Resources has an effective 45 percent interest in the joint venture.	
 
(2)	All coal is extracted by conventional surface mining techniques.	
 
(3)	Assigned reserves represent coal reserves that can be mined without a significant capital expenditure for mine development, whereas unassigned reserves will require significant capital expenditures to mine the reserves.	
 
(4)	Annual capacity increased from 3.0 million tonnes with completion of coal preparation plant installations.	
An increase in Sonoma coal reserves of 1 million tonnes net of 2008 production is due to updated yield assumptions from 2008 upgrades to the coal preparation plant and operating results.
The Sonoma Project’s recoverable coal reserves are primarily metallurgical grade coal (standard coking coal plus low volatile coal for pulverized coal injection) with lesser steam coal. Sonoma coal quality is presented in the following table.

Mine	  	Coal Type (2)	  	Moist Recoverable Reserves
Proven & Probable (1)	  	Sulfur
Content %	  	As Received
Btu/lb	
Sonoma	  		  		  		  		
	  	Metallurgical	  	11.2	  	0.48	  	13,800	
	  	Steam	  	14.1	  	0.55	  	10,800	
	  		  	 	  		  		
Total	  		  	25.3	  		  		

(1)	In million of metric tons of 2,205 pounds. In-place coal at 8 percent moisture, recoverable clean coal at 9 percent moisture. Reserves listed on 100% basis. Cliffs Natural Resources has an effective 45 percent interest in the Joint Venture.	
 
(2)	Sonoma steam coal recoverable reserves meet US compliance standards as defined by Phase II of the Clean Air Act as coal having sulfur dioxide content of 1.2 pounds or less per million Btu.	
General Information about the Mines
Leases.     Mining is conducted on multiple mineral leases having varying expiration dates. Mining leases are routinely renegotiated and renewed as they approach their respective expiration dates.
Exploration and Development.     All iron ore mining operations are open-pit mines that are in production. Additional pit development is underway at each mine as required by long-range mine plans. At our North American Iron Ore mines, drilling programs are conducted periodically for the purpose of refining guidance related to ongoing operations.
The Biwabik, Negaunee, and Wabush Iron Formations are classified as Lake Superior type iron-formations that formed under similar sedimentary conditions in shallow marine basins approximately two billion years ago. Magnetite and hematite are the predominant iron oxide ore minerals present, with lesser amounts of goethite and limonite. Chert is the predominant waste mineral present, with lesser amounts of silicate and carbonate minerals. The ore minerals liberate from the waste minerals upon fine grinding.
All North American Coal mine operations are underground mines that are in production. Drilling programs are conducted periodically for the purpose of refining guidance related to ongoing operations. The Pocahontas No 3 and Blue Creek Coal Seams are Pennsylvanian Age low ash, high quality coals.
 
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At Koolyanobbing, an exploration program targeting extensions to the iron ore resource base as well as regional exploration targets in the Yilgarn Mineral Field was active in 2007 and continued in 2008. At Cockatoo Island, feasibility studies have been completed for a below-sea-level eastward mine pit extension. The Stage 3 extension was reviewed by the regulators and approved in August 2008. Construction on a necessary extension of the existing seawall commenced in the third quarter 2008, with production anticipated to restart by the end of the second quarter 2009. This extension is expected to extend production for approximately two additional years, through June 2011.
The mineralization at the Koolyanobbing operations is predominantly hematite and goethite replacements in greenstone-hosted banded iron-formations. Individual deposits tend to be small with complex ore-waste contact relationships. The Koolyanobbing operations reserves are derived from 15 separate mineral deposits distributed over a 100-kilometer operating radius. The mineralization at Cockatoo Island is predominantly soft, hematite-rich sandstone that produces premium high grade, low impurity direct shipping fines.
An exploration program providing geologic definition of the hematite mineralization at Amapá is ongoing. Mineralized material at the Amapá mine is predominantly hematite occurring in weathered and leached greenstone-hosted banded iron-formation of the Archean Vila Nova Group. Variable degrees of leaching generate soft hematite mineralization suitable for either sinter feed production via crushing and gravity separation or pelletizing feed production via grinding and flotation.
In Australia, the Sonoma mine operation is an open-cut mine located in the northern section of Queensland’s Bowen Basin. A mix of high quality metallurgical coal and thermal coal is recovered from the B and C seams of the Permian Mooranbah Coal Measures.
Geologic models are developed for all mines to define the major ore and waste rock types. Computerized block models are then constructed that include all relevant geologic and metallurgical data. These are used to generate grade and tonnage estimates, followed by detailed mine design and life of mine operating schedules.
 Item 3.     Legal Proceedings. 
Alabama Dust Litigation.     In 1996 and 1997, two cases (White, et al. v. USX Corporation, et al., and Weekley, et al. v. USX Corporation, et al.) were brought alleging that dust from the Concord Coal Preparation Plant damaged properties in the area. In 2002, the parties entered into settlement agreements with the former owner in exchange for a lump sum payment and the agreement to implement remedial measures. However, the plaintiffs were not required to dismiss their claims. PinnOak was added to these cases in 2004 and 2006. The plaintiffs in both these matters sought additional remediation measures, and we opposed that request. The parties have reached agreement on an amendment to the 2002 settlement of the White matter, which on December 11, 2008, was approved by the court. The terms of the amendment provide that in exchange for an immaterial amount as payment for attorneys’ fees and costs and the implementation of a one year ambient air monitoring plan, which could lengthen to 18 months under certain circumstances, plaintiffs agreed to release and dismiss us from the lawsuit upon successful completion of the ambient air monitoring plan. If the ambient air monitoring plan is not successfully completed, the parties will revert to their respective positions under the 2002 settlement agreement. The Weekley case is currently pending before the Supreme Court of Alabama on a petition for writ of mandamus, arguing that the case should be dismissed in light of the White class action settlement. In addition to the two cases noted above, in 2004 approximately 160 individual plaintiffs brought an action against PinnOak asserting injuries arising from particulate emissions from the Concord Preparation Plant. We are seeking a summary judgment in this most recent matter because it had previously been concluded under the 2002 settlement agreement.
In 2006, in Gamble, et al. v. PinnOak Resources, LLC, et al., 13 plaintiffs brought an action against PinnOak related to the operation of the Concord Coal Preparation Plant. These plaintiffs asserted that dangerous levels of coal dust emissions had been allowed to accumulate at that facility. We denied this allegation, and on April 15, 2008, the United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama, Southern Division, dismissed the case without prejudice for lack of standing on the part of the plaintiffs.
 
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American Steamship Litigation.     One of our subsidiaries, Cliffs Sales Company, currently contracts with American Steamship Company, or ASC, for the transportation of iron ore pellets from various ports on the Great Lakes to a blast furnace ore dock in Cleveland, Ohio. There are nine years remaining on that contract and we filed suit against ASC on February 21, 2007 alleging breach of contract and unjust enrichment claims for damages in connection with overcharges by ASC for fuel adjustments. We also requested declaratory relief for the fuel adjustment provisions of the contract as well as with respect to ASC’s obligation to shuttle iron ore. On May 18, 2007, ASC filed its own action against Cliffs Sales Company and adding Northshore Mining Company and Oglebay Norton Marine Services Company, LLC, as parties. ASC requested declaratory relief stating that its fuel adjustment charges were proper and that it had no obligation to shuttle iron ore during the winter. ASC also requested damages in connection with an alleged anticipatory breach of the contract based on our breach of contract claims. Both cases were consolidated for purposes of discovery. On May 20, 2008, a jury returned a verdict in favor of Cliffs Sales Company with respect to overcharges for fuel adjustments. The jury awarded Cliffs Sales Company damages totaling $3.7 million. It was determined that Oglebay Norton was responsible for $1.7 million of the damages and ASC was responsible for the remaining $2.0 million of damages to us. The jury stated that ASC could only charge an additional half cent fuel surcharge on shuttles to a blast furnace ore dock in Cleveland, Ohio when the ore was delivered to Cleveland Bulk Terminal by a non-ASC vessel. The jury found against Cliffs Sales Company finding that ASC was not obligated to provide winter shuttle service. Cliffs Sales Company filed a motion for the payment of interest on the amounts due to Cliffs Sales Company, as well as for our costs for trying. ASC and Oglebay Norton’s motions for new trial and for judgment as a matter of law were denied. ASC and Oglebay Norton have both agreed not to file an appeal. In the fourth quarter of 2008, we recorded and received payment for the $3.7 million of damages. 
ArcelorMittal Arbitrations.     On March 18, 2008, ArcelorMittal filed two demands for arbitration with the AAA with respect to the March 1, 2007 Umbrella Agreement between ArcelorMittal and some of our operations. In one demand for arbitration, ArcelorMittal alleged that we had breached the Umbrella Agreement by refusing to honor ArcelorMittal’s attempt to revise its 2008 nomination for an additional 1,450,000 gross tons of iron ore pellets for export to ArcelorMittal facilities located outside of the United States. In the other demand for arbitration, ArcelorMittal requested a ruling from the AAA that, under the terms of the Umbrella Agreement, ArcelorMittal may transfer iron ore pellets purchased in 2009 and 2010 under the Umbrella Agreement to any iron and steel making facility owned directly or indirectly by Mittal Steel Company N.V.
On December 23, 2008, the arbitration panel ruled on both arbitrations. The arbitration panel ruled in our favor in the first arbitration, ruling that we did not breach the Umbrella Agreement with respect to ArcelorMittal’s attempt to revise their 2008 nomination. In the second arbitration, the arbitration panel ruled in ArcelorMittal’s favor, ruling that ArcelorMittal may transfer iron ore pellets purchased in 2009 and 2010 under the Umbrella Agreement to any iron and steel making facility owned directly or indirectly by Mittal Steel Company N.V.
Maritime Asbestos Litigation.     As previously disclosed, The Cleveland-Cliffs Iron Company and/or The Cleveland-Cliffs Steamship Company have been named defendants in 484 actions brought from 1986 to date by former seamen in which the plaintiffs claim damages under federal law for illnesses allegedly suffered as the result of exposure to airborne asbestos fibers while serving as crew members aboard the vessels previously owned or managed by our entities until the mid-1980s. All of these actions have been consolidated into multidistrict proceedings in the Eastern District of Pennsylvania, whose docket now includes a total of over 30,000 maritime cases filed by seamen against ship-owners and other defendants. All of these cases have been dismissed without prejudice, but can be reinstated upon application by plaintiffs’ counsel. The claims against our entities are insured in amounts that vary by policy year; however, the manner in which these retentions will be applied remains uncertain. Our entities continue to vigorously contest these claims and have made no settlements on them.
M.M. Silta, Inc. v. Cleveland-Cliffs Inc et al.     In August 2006, M.M. Silta, Inc., or Silta, sued Cliffs and two of its subsidiaries, Cliffs Mining Company and Cliffs Erie, L.L.C., or Cliffs Erie, for breach of two separate contracts entered into between Silta and Cliffs Erie. Silta alleged that Cliffs Erie had breached both a reclamation services agreement, pursuant to which Silta recovered, screened and loaded recovered iron ore pellets, chips and fines from the ore yard at the former LTVSMC, and a breaker sales agreement, pursuant to which Silta purchased
 
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for scrap certain circuit breakers located in the processing plant at the former LTVSMC. This dispute went to trial in March 2008. On March 13, 2008, a jury ruled in favor of Cliffs in connection with the alleged breach of the reclamation services agreement and in favor of Silta on the alleged breach of the breaker sales agreement, awarding Silta $6.8 million. Cliffs filed a motion with the trial court for judgment as a matter of law and a motion for a new trial, both of which were denied by the trial court. A notice of appeal was filed, but no briefs have been filed to date.
Northshore Air Permit Matters.     On December 16, 2006, Northshore submitted an application to the MPCA for an administrative amendment to its air pollution operating permit. The proposed amendment requested the deletion of a term in the air permit that was derived from a court case brought against the Silver Bay taconite operations in 1972. The permit term incorporated elements of the court-ordered requirement to reduce fiber emissions to below a medically significant level by installing controls that would be deemed adequate if the fiber levels in Silver Bay were below those of a “control city such as St. Paul”. We requested deletion of this “control city” permit requirement on the grounds that the court-ordered requirements had been satisfied more than 20 years ago and should no longer be included in the permit. The MPCA denied our application on February 23, 2007. We appealed the denial to the Minnesota Court of Appeals. The court of appeals ruled in MPCA’s favor. Subsequent to the court of appeals’ ruling, Northshore filed a major permit amendment on August 28, 2008 to remove the control city requirement from its permit. The permit amendment is currently pending.
Subsequent to the filing of the major permit amendment, the MPCA alleged that Northshore was in violation of the control city standard based on new data that the MPCA collected showing that current fiber levels in St. Paul were lower than in Silver Bay for a period in 2007. Northshore filed a motion with the U.S. District Court for the District of Minnesota to re-open the original Reserve Mining case, requesting that the court declare the control city standard satisfied and the court’s injunction voided, or if the control city standard remained in effect, clarify that it was a fixed standard set at the 1980 level rather than a moving standard, referred to as the federal suit. Shortly thereafter, the Save Lake Superior Association and the Sierra Club filed a lawsuit in U.S. District Court for the District of Minnesota with respect to alleged violations of the control city standard, referred to as the citizens’ suit. On September 20, 2007, the court granted Northshore’s motion to stay the citizen’s suit pending resolution of the federal suit. A joint stipulation for dismissal with prejudice of the citizens’ suit is pending before the court.
The court entered an order in the federal suit on December 21, 2007, concluding that the 1975 federal court injunction from the case no longer had any force or effect. However, the court’s order also stated that the control city standard was a state permit requirement that can only be addressed in state court. While the determination that the 1975 federal injunction no longer has any effect is favorable, Northshore is currently analyzing the implications of the federal court order with respect to Northshore’s operating permit and pending state appeal. On February 19, 2008, Northshore filed an appeal of certain aspects of the federal court’s order.
On July 28, 2008, the MPCA issued a NOV to Northshore alleging violations related to the control city standard for the period of March 2006 through October 2007, specifically with respect to MPCA’s interpretation of the control city standard’s emission limits and related monitoring and reporting requirements. The NOV states that Northshore has been in compliance with MPCA’s interpretation of the standard since October 2007, but requires corrective actions relating to operating and maintaining facilities of treatment and control to remain in compliance. Although the NOV does not seek civil penalties, it contains various requests for information and reserves the right for MPCA to take further action. Northshore disputes the allegations contained in the NOV and is currently assessing its legal and administrative options.
Northshore filed a major permit amendment on August 28, 2008 requesting the removal of all fiber-related provisions from Northshore’s air permit and proposing that Northshore install additional particulate controls. MPCA issued a “Findings of Fact, Conclusions of Law and Order” on November 25, 2008 declaring that Northshore’s request to remove the “Control City Standard” from its permit constitutes a “project” for which an EAW must be completed. MPCA also stated that it was ceasing all other work on the permit, including its own efforts to create a replacement standard, until the environmental review process was complete. Northshore had 30 days from the date it received the MPCA’s Order in which to challenge these determinations through a Declaratory Judgment, which it has done.
 
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Additionally, in October 2008, Northshore received the final results of the International Symposium on the Health Hazard Evaluation of Fibrous Particles Associated with Taconite and the Adjacent Duluth Complex. The peer-reviewed study concluded that there are no significant health effects related to fibers from Northshore.
Northshore filed an action to challenge the MPCA’s requirement for an EAW in Minnesota State District Court, which is currently pending. If either our appeal is unsuccessful or if we are unable to negotiate an acceptable compliance schedule, Northshore could be subject to future enforcement actions with respect to its Title V operating permit if we are unable to meet the permit requirements as interpreted by MPCA.
Additionally, as part of Northshore’s permitting of the restart of Furnace 5, Northshore is required to certify compliance with air emission standards within 180 days of operation. During the scheduled compliance testing for Furnace 5, Northshore experienced abnormal operating difficulties and was thereby unable to certify compliance. Northshore received a Notice of Noncompliance from MPCA on December 18, 2008 indicating it considers the facility out of compliance with the testing schedule and reserves the right to enforcement, while asking for additional explanation as to the related causes. Due to changes in market demand, Furnace 5 has been idled. Northshore expects that upon restart it will demonstrate compliance with the required limits and will perform retesting as soon as Furnace 5 returns to normal operating conditions. Accordingly, at that time, Northshore will take appropriate steps to establish compliance with MPCA.
Republic Arbitration.     On October 1, 2006, we entered into an agreement for the sale of pellets with Republic Engineered Products, Inc. (“Republic”). Pursuant to that agreement Republic was required to purchase a percentage of its iron ore requirements from us. Republic is required to provide us with a firm nomination by a certain date each year. As of the end of 2008 Republic had failed to take delivery and pay for a portion of the gross tons remaining from its 2008 nomination. After several failed attempts at negotiating a workout agreement, we filed a Demand for Arbitration on February 2, 2009 for a total of $30.7 million plus interest, commencing December 31, 2008.
The Rio Tinto Mine Site.     The Rio Tinto Mine Site is a historic underground copper mine located near Mountain City, Nevada, where tailings were placed in Mill Creek, a tributary to the Owyhee River. Site investigation and remediation work is being conducted in accordance with a Consent Order between the Nevada DEP and the RTWG composed of Cliffs, Atlantic Richfield Company, Teck Cominco American Incorporated, and E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company. The Consent Order provides for technical review by the U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Indian Affairs, the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, the NDEP and the Shoshone-Paiute Tribes of the Duck Valley Reservation (collectively, “Rio Tinto Trustees”). The Consent Order is currently projected to continue with the objective of supporting the selection of the final remedy for the site. Costs are shared pursuant to the terms of a Participation Agreement between the parties of the RTWG, who have reserved the right to renegotiate any future participation or cost sharing following the completion of the Consent Order.
The Rio Tinto Trustees have made available for public comment their plans for the assessment of NRD. The RTWG commented on the plans and also are in discussions with the Rio Tinto Trustees informally about those plans. The notice of plan availability is a step in the damage assessment process. The studies presented in the plan may lead to a NRD claim under CERCLA. There is no monetized NRD claim at this time.
During 2006, the focus of the RTWG was on development of alternatives for remediation of the mine site. A draft of an alternatives study was reviewed with NDEP, the EPA and the Rio Tinto Trustees and the alternatives have essentially been reduced to the following: (1) tailings stabilization and long-term water treatment; and (2) removal of the tailings. As of December 31, 2008, the estimated costs of the available remediation alternatives currently range from approximately $10.0 million to $30.5 million. In recognition of the potential for an NRD claim, the parties are actively pursuing a global settlement that would include the EPA and encompass both the remedial action and the NRD issues. In 2008, the RTWG parties met for formal mediation on two occasions to resolve differences over the allocation of any negotiated remedy. The mediation resulted in substantial progress, and the members of the RTWG are still negotiating an allocation. Additionally, the RTWG and RTAG met most recently in December 2008 to discuss appropriate terms for a global settlement based on the latest investigation results. While a global settlement has not been finalized, we expect an agreement will be reached in 2009. We have increased our reserve most recently in 2008 by $5.2 million to reflect revised cleanup
 
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estimates and cost allocation associated with our anticipated share of the eventual remediation costs based on a consideration of the various remedial measures and related cost estimates The expense was included in Selling, general and administrative expenses on the Statements of Consolidated Operations.
United Taconite Air Emissions Matter.     On March 27, 2008, United Taconite received a DSA from the MPCA alleging various air emissions violations of the facility’s air permit limit conditions, reporting and testing requirements. The allegations generally stem from procedures put in place prior to 2004 when Cliffs first acquired its interest in the mine. The DSA requires the facility to install continuous emissions monitoring, evaluate compliance procedures, submit a plan to implement procedures to eliminate air deviations during the relevant time period, and proposes a civil penalty in an amount to be determined. While United Taconite does not agree with MPCA’s allegations, United Taconite and the MPCA continue discussions on the matter with the intent of working toward a mutual resolution.
Wabush Litigation.     We have been named, along with two of our wholly owned subsidiaries, Cliffs Mining Company and Wabush Iron Co. Limited, as defendants, along with U. S. Steel Canada Inc. (formerly Stelco Inc.), HLE Mining Limited Partnership and HLE Mining GP Inc. (collectively, “U. S. Steel”), in an action brought before the Ontario Superior Court of Justice by Dofasco. The action pertains to a contemplated transaction whereby Dofasco and/or certain of its affiliates would purchase our ownership interests and those of U. S. Steel in Wabush. After six months of negotiations with no definitive agreements reached, both we and U. S. Steel determined to withdraw from negotiations and retain our respective ownership interests in Wabush. Notice of the withdrawal was delivered to Dofasco on March 3, 2008.
On March 20, 2008, Dofasco commenced this action against both Cliffs and U.S. Steel in the Ontario Superior Court of Justice. Dofasco’s statement of claim demands specific performance of an alleged binding contract for Cliffs and U.S. Steel to sell their respective interests in Wabush with equitable compensation in the amount of C$427 million or, in the alternative, general damages in the amount of C$1.8 billion. On May 14, 2008 U.S. Steel filed a Notice of Motion to dismiss the action. We filed an identical Notice of Motion on May 15, 2008. A two day hearing was held on our respective motions on June 23 and 24, 2008. On November 5, 2008, the court ruled on both motions, granting U.S. Steel’s motion and denying ours. We filed a Notice of Motion seeking leave to appeal the court’s decision on November 11, 2008. Dofasco did not appeal the dismissal of U.S. Steel from the litigation. Oral argument on our Notice of Motion seeking leave to appeal has been scheduled for May 27, 2009. We strongly disagree with Dofasco’s allegations and intend to defend this case vigorously.
West Virginia Flood Litigation.     As of February 2008, Cliffs’ Pinnacle Mining Company has been named as a defendant in six lawsuits brought against over 60 defendants who were allegedly involved in land disturbing activities, primarily mining or logging, in Wyoming County, West Virginia. In each case the plaintiffs allege that these activities in Wyoming County resulted in flooding on or after July 8, 2001. The plaintiffs seek a permanent injunction and unstated personal and property damages under a number of legal theories. We are currently investigating these cases. We intend to defend these cases vigorously.
 
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 Item 4.     Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders. 
Control Share Acquisition Special Meeting
On August 14, 2008, we received from Harbinger an “acquiring person statement”. Upon receipt of the acquiring person statement, we were required under Ohio law to convene a special meeting of shareholders for the sole purpose of considering and voting on whether to authorize pursuant to Section 1701.831 of the Ohio Revised Code, the control share acquisition of our common shares by Harbinger pursuant to the acquiring person statement. Harbinger’s proposal asked our shareholders to allow Harbinger to acquire more than one-fifth but less than one-third of our outstanding common shares.
Under Ohio law an affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the portion of the voting power entitled to vote in the election of our directors (the “First Majority Approval”) and the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the portion of the voting power entitled to vote in the election of our directors, excluding the voting power of “interested shares” as defined in Chapter 1704 of the Ohio Revised Code (the “Second Majority Approval”) were required for the passage of the control share acquisition proposal.
The special meeting was held on October 3, 2008. At the special meeting 78,911,275 shares were represented in person or by proxy at the meeting, reflecting a total turnout of nearly 74 percent of all outstanding shares. With respect to the required First Majority Approval, 51,266,469, or 65 percent of the votes represented at the special meeting, voted against Harbinger’s proposal; 27,092,710 voted for and 552,096 abstained.
With respect to the required Second Majority Approval, or shares voted by holders other than Harbinger, its equity-swap counter parties and other “interested” shareholders, 46,292,356, or 82 percent of the eligible votes represented, voted against Harbinger’s proposal; 10,020,859 voted for and 380,561 abstained.
 
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 PART II
 
 Item 5.	Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities. 	
Stock Exchange Information
Our Common Shares (ticker  symbol CLF) are listed on the New York Stock Exchange and the Chicago Stock Exchange.
Common Share Price Performance and Dividends

 	  	2008	  	2007 	
 	  	High	  	Low	  	Dividends	  	High	  	Low	  	Dividends	
First Quarter	  	$	63.89	  	$	38.63	  	$	0.0875	  	$	32.42	  	$	23.00	  	$	0.0625	
Second Quarter	  	 	121.95	  	 	57.32	  	 	0.0875	  	 	46.03	  	 	32.10	  	 	0.0625	
Third Quarter	  	 	118.10	  	 	42.16	  	 	0.0875	  	 	45.00	  	 	28.20	  	 	0.0625	
Fourth Quarter	  	 	53.30	  	 	13.73	  	 	0.0875	  	 	53.15	  	 	36.75	  	 	0.0625	
	  			  			  	 	 	  			  			  	 	 	
Year	  	 	121.95	  	 	13.73	  	$	0.3500	  	 	53.15	  	 	23.00	  	$	0.2500	
	  			  			  	 	 	  			  			  	 	 	
At February 23, 2009, we had 1,520 shareholders of record.
Shareholder Return Performance
The following graph shows changes over the past five-year period in the value of $100 invested in: (1) Cliffs’ Common Shares; (2) S&P Stock Index; (3) S&P Steel Group Index; and (4) S&P Mid Cap 400 Index. The values of each investment are based on price change plus reinvestment of all dividends.

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 	  	 	 	Dec-2003	 	Dec-2004	 	Dec-2005	 	Dec-2006	 	Dec-2007	 	Dec-2008	
CLIFFS NATURAL RESOURCES INC.	  	Return%	 		 	103.83	 	71.91	 	10.29	 	110.09	 	-48.84	
	  	Cum $	 	100.00	 	203.83	 	350.39	 	386.44	 	811.88	 	415.37	
S&P 500 Index Total Returns	  	Return%	 		 	10.87	 	4.89	 	15.79	 	5.42	 	-36.99	
	  	Cum $	 	100.00	 	110.87	 	116.30	 	134.66	 	141.96	 	89.45	
S&P 500 Steel Index	  	Return%	 		 	59.88	 	21.91	 	77.12	 	20.15	 	-51.96	
	  	Cum $	 	100.00	 	159.88	 	194.91	 	345.23	 	414.80	 	199.25	
S&P MidCap 400 Index	  	Return%	 		 	16.47	 	12.55	 	10.31	 	7.97	 	-36.24	
	  	Cum $	 	100.00	 	116.47	 	131.09	 	144.61	 	156.14	 	99.55	
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Pursuant to our VNQDC Plan, we sold a total of 300 common shares, par value $0.125 per share, of Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. (“Common Shares”) for an aggregate consideration of $7,273.77 to the Trustee of the Trust maintained under the VNQDC Plan. These sales were made in reliance on Rule 506 of Regulation D under the Securities Act of 1933 pursuant to an election made by three mine managers under the VNQDC Plan. Due to an administrative oversight, the sale of 18 Common Shares in August, 2008, is being reported in the fourth quarter. The following transactions occurred:

Date	  	Shares (#)	  	Price per
Share ($)	  	Total Purchase
Price ($)	
08/5/2008	  	18	  	95.00	  	1,709.91	
11/17/2008	  	36	  	19.73	  	710.28	
11/15/2008	  	246	  	19.73	  	256.49	
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Period	  	Total
Number of
Shares
(or Units)
Purchased	 	 	Average
Price Paid
per Share
(or Unit) $	  	Total Number of
Shares
(or Units)
Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced
Plans or
Programs (1)	  	Maximum
Number
(or Approximate
Dollar Value)
of Shares
(or Units) that
May Yet be
Purchased
Under the Plans
or Programs	
October 1 — 31, 2008	  	—  	 	 	—  	  	—  	  	1,247,700	
November 1 — 30, 2008	  	654	(2)	 	23.24	  	—  	  	1,247,700	
December 1 — 31, 2008	  	13,879	(3)	 	26.49	  	—  	  	1,247,700	
	  	 	 	 		  		  		
Total	  	14,533	 	 	26.34	  	—  	  	1,247,700	

(1)	On July 11, 2006, we received the approval by the Board of Directors to repurchase up to an aggregate of four million outstanding Common Shares. There were no repurchases in the fourth quarter under this program.	
 
(2)	On November 11, 2008, the Company acquired 654 Common Shares pursuant to a scheduled distribution election from a VNQDC Plan participant. The shares were repurchased by the Company to satisfy the tax withholding obligation of that participant pursuant to the distribution.	
 
(3)	On December 19, 2008, the Company acquired 13,879 Common Shares from an employee in connection with the lapsing of restrictions on certain shares. The shares were repurchased to satisfy the tax withholding obligations pursuant to the 1992 Incentive Equity Plan.	
 
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 Item 6.	Selected Financial Data. 	
Summary of Financial and Other Statistical Data
Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. and Subsidiaries

 	 	2008 (a)	 	 	2007 (b)	 	 	2006	 	 	2005 (a)	 	 	2004	 	
Financial data (in millions, except per share amounts and employees) 	 				 				 				 				 				
Revenue from product sales and services	 	$	3,609.1	 	 	$	2,275.2	 	 	$	1,921.7	 	 	$	1,739.5	 	 	$	1,203.1	 	
Cost of goods sold and operating expenses	 	 	(2,449.4	)	 	 	(1,813.2	)	 	 	(1,507.7	)	 	 	(1,350.5	)	 	 	(1,053.6	)	
Other operating expense	 	 	(220.8	)	 	 	(80.4	)	 	 	(48.3	)	 	 	(32.5	)	 	 	(31.9	)	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Operating income	 	 	938.9	 	 	 	381.6	 	 	 	365.7	 	 	 	356.5	 	 	 	117.6	 	
Income from continuing operations	 	 	515.8	 	 	 	269.8	 	 	 	279.8	 	 	 	273.2	 	 	 	320.2	 	
Income (loss) from discontinued operations	 	 	—  	 	 	 	0.2	 	 	 	0.3	 	 	 	(0.8	)	 	 	3.4	 	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Income before cumulative effect of accounting changes	 	 	515.8	 	 	 	270.0	 	 	 	280.1	 	 	 	272.4	 	 	 	323.6	 	
Cumulative effect of accounting changes (c)	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	5.2	 	 	 	—  	 	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net income	 	 	515.8	 	 	 	270.0	 	 	 	280.1	 	 	 	277.6	 	 	 	323.6	 	
Preferred stock dividends	 	 	(1.1	)	 	 	(5.2	)	 	 	(5.6	)	 	 	(5.6	)	 	 	(5.3	)	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Income applicable to common shares	 	 	514.7	 	 	 	264.8	 	 	 	274.5	 	 	 	272.0	 	 	 	318.3	 	
Earnings (loss) per common share — basic (d) (e) (f)	 				 				 				 				 				
Continuing operations	 	 	5.07	 	 	 	3.19	 	 	 	3.26	 	 	 	3.08	 	 	 	3.70	 	
Discontinued operations	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	(0.01	)	 	 	0.04	 	
Cumulative effect of accounting changes	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	0.06	 	 	 	—  	 	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Earnings per common share	 	 	5.07	 	 	 	3.19	 	 	 	3.26	 	 	 	3.13	 	 	 	3.74	 	
Earnings (loss) per common share — diluted (d) (e) (f)	 				 				 				 				 				
Continuing operations	 	 	4.76	 	 	 	2.57	 	 	 	2.60	 	 	 	2.46	 	 	 	2.92	 	
Discontinued operations	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	(0.01	)	 	 	0.03	 	
Cumulative effect of accounting changes	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	0.05	 	 	 	—  	 	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Earnings per common share — diluted (d) (e) (f)	 	 	4.76	 	 	 	2.57	 	 	 	2.60	 	 	 	2.50	 	 	 	2.95	 	
Total assets	 	 	4,111.1	 	 	 	3,075.8	 	 	 	1,939.7	 	 	 	1,746.7	 	 	 	1,232.3	 	
Long-term obligations	 	 	580.2	 	 	 	490.9	 	 	 	47.2	 	 	 	49.6	 	 	 	9.1	 	
Net cash from (used by) operating activities	 	 	853.2	 	 	 	288.9	 	 	 	428.5	 	 	 	514.6	 	 	 	(141.4	)	
Redeemable cumulative convertible perpetual preferred stock	 	 	0.2	 	 	 	134.7	 	 	 	172.3	 	 	 	172.5	 	 	 	172.5	 	
Distributions to preferred shareholders cash dividends	 	 	1.1	 	 	 	5.5	 	 	 	5.6	 	 	 	5.6	 	 	 	5.3	 	
Distributions to common shareholders cash dividends	 				 				 				 				 				
- Per share (d) (e) (f)	 	 	0.35	 	 	 	0.25	 	 	 	0.24	 	 	 	0.15	 	 	 	0.03	 	
- Total	 	 	36.1	 	 	 	20.9	 	 	 	20.2	 	 	 	13.1	 	 	 	2.2	 	
Repurchases of common shares	 	 	—  	 	 	 	2.2	 	 	 	121.5	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	6.5	 	
Iron ore and coal production and sales statistics	 				 				 				 				 				
(tons in millions - North America; tonnes in millions - Asia-Pacific)	 				 				 				 				 				
Production tonnage - North American iron ore	 	 	35.2	 	 	 	34.6	 	 	 	33.6	 	 	 	35.9	 	 	 	34.4	 	
- North American coal	 	 	3.5	 	 	 	1.1	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	
- Asia-Pacific iron ore	 	 	7.7	 	 	 	8.4	 	 	 	7.7	 	 	 	5.2	 	 	 	—  	 	
Production tonnage — North American iron ore (Cliffs’ share)	 	 	22.9	 	 	 	21.8	 	 	 	20.8	 	 	 	22.1	 	 	 	21.7	 	
Sales tonnage - North American iron ore	 	 	22.7	 	 	 	22.3	 	 	 	20.4	 	 	 	22.3	 	 	 	22.6	 	
- North American coal	 	 	3.2	 	 	 	1.2	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	
- Asia-Pacific iron ore	 	 	7.8	 	 	 	8.1	 	 	 	7.4	 	 	 	4.9	 	 	 	—  	 	
Common shares outstanding (millions) (d) (e)	 				 				 				 				 				
- Average for year 	 	 	101.5	 	 	 	83.0	 	 	 	84.1	 	 	 	86.9	 	 	 	85.2	 	
- At year-end 	 	 	113.5	 	 	 	87.2	 	 	 	81.8	 	 	 	87.6	 	 	 	86.4	 	
 
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(a)	On April 19, 2005, we completed the acquisition of 80.4 percent of Portman, an iron ore mining company in Australia. Results for 2005 include Portman’s results since the acquisition. On May 21, 2008, Portman authorized a tender offer to repurchase shares, and as a result, our ownership interest in Portman increased from 80.4 percent to 85.2 percent on June 24, 2008. On September 10, 2008, we announced an off-market takeover offer to acquire the remaining shares in Portman, which closed on November 3, 2008. We subsequently proceeded with a compulsory acquisition of the remaining shares and have full ownership of Portman as of December 31, 2008. Results for 2008 reflect the increase in our ownership of Portman since the date of each step acquisition.	
 
(b)	On July 31, 2007, we completed the acquisition of Cliffs North American Coal LLC (formerly PinnOak), a producer of high-quality, low-volatile metallurgical coal. Results for 2007 include PinnOak’s results since the acquisition.	
 
(c)	Effective January 1, 2005, we adopted Emerging Issues Task Force, or EITF, 04-6, “Accounting for Stripping Costs Incurred during Production in the Mining Industry”.	
 
(d)	On March 11, 2008, our board of directors declared a two-for-one stock split of our common shares. The record date for the stock split was May 1, 2008 with a distribution date of May 15, 2008. Accordingly, all common shares and per share amounts for all periods presented have been adjusted retroactively to reflect the stock split.	
 
(e)	On May 9, 2006, our board of directors approved a two-for-one stock split of our common shares. The record date for the stock split was June 15, 2006 with a distribution date of June 30, 2006. Accordingly, all common shares and per share amounts for all periods presented have been adjusted retroactively to reflect the stock split.	
 
(f)	On November 9, 2004, our board of directors approved a two-for-one stock split of our common shares. The record date for the stock split was December 15, 2004, with a distribution date of December 31, 2004. Accordingly, all common shares and per share amounts for all periods presented have been adjusted retroactively to reflect the stock split.	
 
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 Item 7.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. 	
Overview
Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. traces its corporate history back to 1847. Today, we are an international mining and natural resources company. We are the largest producer of iron ore pellets in North America, a major supplier of direct-shipping lump and fines iron ore out of Australia, and a significant producer of metallurgical coal. Our company is organized according to product category and geographic location: North American Iron Ore, North American Coal, Asia Pacific Iron Ore, Asia Pacific Coal and Latin American Iron Ore.
In North America, we operate six iron ore mines in Michigan, Minnesota and Eastern Canada, and two coking coal mine complexes located in West Virginia and Alabama. Our Asia Pacific operations include full ownership of Portman, which is comprised of two iron ore mining complexes in Western Australia, serving the Asian iron ore markets with direct-shipping fines and lump ore, and a 45 percent economic interest in Sonoma, a coking and thermal coal mine located in Queensland, Australia. In Latin America, we have a 30 percent interest in Amapá, a Brazilian iron ore project, as well as a number of smaller greenfield projects not yet in production.
Over recent years, we have been executing a strategy designed to achieve scale in the mining industry and focused on serving the world’s largest and fastest growing steel markets. 
Safety remains the No. 1 priority within our Company. Our North American Iron Ore segment had a total reportable incident rate, as defined by MSHA, of 2.29 in 2008, compared with the prior year result of 1.93. Our North American Coal operations had a total reportable incident rate of 8.44 compared with a rate of 6.66 in 2007. Although the total reportable injury rates in North America were slightly unfavorable, other recognized safety measures showed marked improvements from 2007. Our North American Iron Ore segment finished the year with a 13 percent decline in the all injury frequency rate from 2007, and our North American Coal segment recorded a 20 percent decline in injury severity rates from the prior year. We have developed close collaboration between our North American segments to drive further improvements in our safety results.
At our Asia Pacific Iron Ore operations, Koolyanobbing’s total reportable incident rate for 2008 was 2.50, compared with the 2007 result of 0.83. Cockatoo Island reported a total reportable incident rate of 6.12 in 2008 compared with 2.61 in 2007. Asia Pacific Iron Ore safety statistics include employees and contractors.
We continued to deliver strong financial performance in 2008 while continuing to execute on our strategic plan, which includes consolidating minority positions, exploring external and organic growth opportunities, and striving for operational excellence in each of our business segments. Consolidated revenues for 2008 increased to $3.6 billion, with net income of $4.76 per diluted share. This compares with revenues of $2.3 billion and net income of $2.57 per diluted share in 2007.
Global crude steel growth, a significant driver of our business was down approximately two percent from 2007 with supply and demand of steel raw materials extremely tight. Worldwide demand for metallurgical coal increased throughout most of 2008 as supply-side constraints, including flooding in the Bowen Basin, a major coal producing area of Australia, port congestion, and production problems at large mines in the United States continue to place upward pressure on pricing.
However, the current volatility and uncertainty in global markets, coupled with the slowdown in the world’s major economies, has had a significant impact on commodity prices. The mining industry has seen a reduction in high cost operations, and the credit environment is expected to limit the funding and expansion capabilities of many mining companies. Based on these economic conditions, we continue to evaluate and assess our capital expenditures, in order to ensure we are positioned to face the challenges and uncertainties associated with the current environment. We reacted quickly to align production with lower demand for steel and steelmaking materials entering the fourth quarter of 2008. While remaining attuned to current macroeconomic challenges, we continue to seek low-risk expansion opportunities and, at the same time, position ourselves to weather any difficult times that lie ahead.
Results in 2008 were also impacted by considerable volatility in foreign currency exchange rates, which resulted in significant changes in the fair value of our derivative instruments. In particular, we use derivative financial instruments to reduce the volatility attributable to changes in Australian and United States currency
 
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fluctuations related to our operations in Asia Pacific. We recorded unrealized losses of $188.2 million in our Statement of Consolidated Operations in 2008 as a result of substantial declines in the spot rates related to the depreciation of the Australian dollar relative to the United States dollar during the year.
We are engaged with expanding our leadership position in the industry by focusing on high product quality, technical excellence, superior relationships with our customers and partners and improved operational efficiency through cost saving initiatives. We operate a fully-equipped research and development facility in Ishpeming, Michigan. Our research and development group is staffed with experienced engineers and scientists and is organized to support the geological interpretation, process mineralogy, mine engineering, mineral processing, pyrometallurgy, advanced process control and analytical service disciplines. Our research and development group is also utilized by iron ore pellet customers for laboratory testing and simulation of blast furnace conditions.
Segments
We organize our business according to product category and geographic location: North American Iron Ore, North American Coal, Asia Pacific Iron Ore, Asia Pacific Coal and Latin American Iron Ore. The North American Iron Ore segment is comprised of our interests in six North American mines that provide iron ore to the integrated steel industry. The North American Coal segment is comprised of our two North American coking coal mining complexes that provide metallurgical coal to the integrated steel industry. The Asia Pacific Iron Ore segment, which is comprised of Portman, is located in Western Australia and provides iron ore to steel producers in China and Japan. There are no intersegment revenues.
The Asia Pacific Coal operating segment is comprised of our 45 percent economic interest in Sonoma, located in Queensland, Australia, which is in the early stages of production. The Latin American Iron Ore operating segment is comprised of our 30 percent Amapá interest in Brazil, which is also in the early stages of production. As a result, the Asia Pacific Coal and Latin American Iron Ore operating segments do not meet reportable segment disclosure requirements and therefore are not separately reported.
All North American business segments are headquartered in Cleveland, Ohio. Offices in Duluth, Minnesota, have shared services groups supporting the North American business segments. Our Technology Group is located in Ishpeming, Michigan. Our Asia Pacific headquarters are located in Perth, Australia, and our Latin American headquarters are located in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Cliffs International Mineração Brasil, Ltda and Cliffs Natural Resources Pty Limited provide technical and administrative support for our assets in Latin America and Australia, respectively, as well as new business development services in these regions. See NOTE 6 — SEGMENT REPORTING for further information.
Growth Strategy and Strategic Transactions
We expect to grow our business and presence as an international mining and natural resources company by expanding both geographically and through the minerals that we mine and market in order to achieve scale in our industry. Our growth domestically, combined with our investments in Australia and Latin America, as well as acquisitions in minerals outside of iron ore, such as coal, illustrate the execution of this growth strategy. While ever-conscious of the challenges associated with the current economic environment, we continue to identify low-risk opportunities to grow and at the same time position ourselves to address the uncertainties that lie ahead. In 2008, we continued our strategic growth and transformation to an international mining company through the following acquisitions, partnerships and re-branding:
 
 	•	 	Portman Share Repurchase and Off-Market Takeover	
 
 	•	 	Investment in AusQuest	
 
 	•	 	United Taconite Purchase	
 
 	•	 	Michigan Expansion Projects	
 
 	•	 	Investment in Golden West	
 
 	•	 	Change in Corporate Name to Cliffs Natural Resources Inc.	
 
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Refer to Recent Developments within Item 1 — Business , for additional information regarding each of these strategic transactions.
Other Significant Developments
Ratification of New Labor Agreement
Hourly employees at our Michigan and Minnesota iron ore mining operations, excluding Northshore, are represented by the USW. On October 6, 2008, the USW ratified a new four-year labor contract, which replaces the labor agreement that expired on September 1, 2008. The new agreement covers approximately 2,300 USW-represented workers at our Empire and Tilden mines in Michigan, and our United Taconite and Hibbing mines in Minnesota.
Termination of Merger with Alpha Natural Resources
On November 17, 2008, we announced the termination of the definitive merger agreement with Alpha Natural Resources, Inc., under which we would have acquired all outstanding shares of Alpha, as previously announced on July 16, 2008. Both our Board of Directors and Alpha’s Board of Directors made the decision after considering various issues, including the current macroeconomic environment, uncertainty in the steel industry, shareholder dynamics, and the risks and costs of potential litigation. Considering these issues, each board determined that termination of the merger agreement was in the best interest of its equity holders.
Results of Operations — Consolidated
2008 Compared to 2007
For the year ended December 31, 2008, consolidated revenues increased to $3.6 billion, with net income of $4.76 per diluted share. This compares with revenues of $2.3 billion and net income of $2.57 per diluted share in 2007.
Revenue from Product Sales and Services
Sales revenue in 2008 increased $1.3 billion, or 59 percent, compared with 2007. The increase in sales revenue was primarily due to higher sales prices combined with increases in sales volume. Higher sales volume in 2008 was primarily due to increased demand and commitments under our long-term pellet sales agreements, increased spot sales, and customer plant outages during the prior year. However, this increase was partially offset by declines in sales volumes to customers during the fourth quarter of 2008 as a result of the current volatility and uncertainty in global markets, which has led to production slowdowns in the steel industry. In addition, sales volume was negatively impacted throughout the year by adverse mining conditions and production delays at our North American Coal segment. Results for North American Coal in 2007 represent five months of operations since the July 31, 2007 acquisition.
Revenues related to our North American Iron Ore segment increased approximately $624.2 million over the prior year primarily as a result of higher steel prices, renegotiated and new long-term supply agreements with certain customers, which were negotiated at world pellet prices, and other contractual price adjustment factors. In 2008, revenue also included $225.5 million related to the supplemental steel payments compared with $98.3 million in 2007. In addition, the Australian benchmark prices for lump and fines settled at increases of 97 percent and 80 percent in 2008, thereby resulting in higher revenues from our Asia Pacific Iron Ore segment compared with prior year.
Cost of Goods Sold
Cost of goods sold was $2.4 billion in 2008, an increase of $636.2 million, or 35 percent compared with 2007. The increase in cost of goods sold in 2008 was primarily due to higher costs of production, higher royalty fees related to the increases in pellet pricing, and increased maintenance costs associated with the Michigan expansion project and major furnace repairs at Empire and United Taconite during the first quarter. In 2008, we continued to be challenged with adverse geological conditions across the mines at our North American Coal
 
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segment and delays in delivery of new capital equipment, which contributed to overall equipment performance and availability issues, thereby resulting in production delays and increased costs in all operations. Results for North American Coal in 2007 represent five months of operations since the July 31, 2007 acquisition. Costs were also negatively impacted in 2008 by approximately $1.6 million related to unfavorable foreign exchange rates as well as higher fuel and energy costs primarily related to our North American and Asia Pacific iron ore operations, which together increased $42.5 million compared with 2007. In addition, the impact of  the United Taconite and Portman step acquisitions also contributed to the increase from prior year.
Other Operating Income (Expense)
Following is a summary of other operating income (expense) for 2008 and 2007:

 	  	(In Millions)	 	
 	  	2008	 	 	2007	 	 	Variance
Favorable/
(Unfavorable)	 	
Casualty recoveries	  	$	10.5	 	 	$	3.2	 	 	$	7.3	 	
Royalties and management fee revenue	  	 	21.7	 	 	 	14.5	 	 	 	7.2	 	
Selling, general and administrative expenses	  	 	(188.6	)	 	 	(114.2	)	 	 	(74.4	)	
Terminated acquisition costs	  	 	(90.1	)	 	 	—  	 	 	 	(90.1	)	
Gain on sale of other assets — net	  	 	22.8	 	 	 	18.4	 	 	 	4.4	 	
Miscellaneous — net	  	 	2.9	 	 	 	(2.3	)	 	 	5.2	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
	  	$	(220.8	)	 	$	(80.4	)	 	$	(140.4	)	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
The increase in selling, general and administrative expense of $74.4 million in 2008 compared with 2007 is primarily a result of $20.2 million in higher share-based and incentive compensation, and higher wages and benefits related to an increase in the number of employees. We also incurred approximately $2.2 million in corporate severance costs during the fourth quarter of 2008. Outside professional service and legal fees associated with the expansion of our business increased approximately $15.1 million in 2008. Expenses at our Asia Pacific Iron Ore segment were $5.7 million higher than the prior year, reflecting higher employment costs and outside professional services to support business development and improvement efforts. The current year was also impacted by additional corporate development activities in Latin America, Asia Pacific, and other general business development, resulting in an increase of approximately $13.0 million. In addition, 2008 includes a full year of selling, general and administrative expenses from our North American Coal segment, compared with five months in 2007 based on a July 31, 2007 date of acquisition, resulting in an increase of $5.1 million. Selling, general and administrative expense in 2008 was also impacted by a charge in the first quarter of approximately $6.8 million in connection with a legal case as well as $4.3 million related to our interest in Sonoma acquired in 2007.
On November 17, 2008, we announced the termination of the definitive merger agreement with Alpha Natural Resources, Inc., under which we would have acquired all outstanding shares of Alpha, as previously announced on July 16, 2008. Both our Board of Directors and Alpha’s Board of Directors made the decision after considering various issues, including the current macroeconomic environment, uncertainty in the steel industry, shareholder dynamics, and the risks and costs of potential litigation. Considering these issues, each board determined that termination of the merger agreement was in the best interest of its equity holders. Under the terms of the settlement agreement, we were required to pay Alpha a $70 million termination fee, which was financed through our revolving credit facility and paid in November 2008. As a result, $90.1 million in termination fees and associated acquisition costs were expensed in the fourth quarter of 2008 upon termination of the definitive merger agreement.
The gain on sale of other assets of $22.8 million in 2008 primarily relates to the sale of our wholly-owned subsidiary, Cliffs Synfuel Corp. (“Synfuel”), which was completed on June 4, 2008. Under the agreement, Oil Shale Exploration Company-Skyline, LLC acquired 100 percent of Synfuel for $24 million. As additional consideration for the stock, a perpetual nonparticipating royalty interest was granted initially equal to $0.02 per barrel of shale oil and $0.01 per barrel of shale oil produced from lands covered by existing State of Utah oil
 
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shale leases, plus 25 percent of royalty payments from conventional oil and gas operations. We recorded a gain of $19 million in the second quarter of 2008 upon completion of the transaction. The prior year gain on sale of assets of $18.4 million primarily reflected the fourth quarter 2007 gain on the sale of portions of the former LTVSMC site. The sale included cash proceeds of approximately $18 million.
The increase in casualty recoveries in 2008 compared with 2007 is primarily attributable to a $9.2 million insurance recovery recognized in the current year related to a 2006 electrical explosion at our United Taconite facility.
Other income (expense)
Following is a summary of other income (expense) for 2008 and 2007:

 	  	(In Millions)	 	
 	  	2008	 	 	2007	 	 	Variance
Favorable/
(Unfavorable)	 	
Changes in fair value of derivative instruments, net	  	$	(188.2	)	 	$	—  	 	 	$	(188.2	)	
Impairment of investments	  	 	(25.1	)	 	 	—  	 	 	 	(25.1	)	
Interest income	  	 	26.2	 	 	 	20.0	 	 	 	6.2	 	
Interest expense	  	 	(39.8	)	 	 	(22.6	)	 	 	(17.2	)	
Other — net	  	 	4.3	 	 	 	1.7	 	 	 	2.6	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
	  	$	(222.6	)	 	$	(0.9	)	 	$	(221.7	)	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
The impact of changes in the fair value of derivative instruments on our Statement of Consolidated Operations in 2008 primarily relates to the de-designation of the Portman cash flow hedges for accounting purposes. We are required to record on our Statements of Consolidated Financial Position the market value of our open derivative positions which do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment. Previously, when the derivative instruments were designated as cash flow hedges, the mark-to-market adjustments related to the effective portions of the hedges were recorded as a component of Other comprehensive income . Upon de-designation of the cash flow hedges, effective July 1, 2008, the instruments are prospectively marked to fair value, and the adjustments resulting from changes in the market value of these derivative instruments are recorded as an unrealized gain or loss each reporting period. The following table represents our foreign currency derivative contract position as of December 31, 2008:

 	  	( $ in Millions) 	 	
Contract Maturity 	  	Notional Amount 	  	Weighted Average
Exchange Rate 	  	Spot Rate 	  	Fair Value 	 	
Contract Portfolio (excluding AUD Call Options) (1):	  			  		  		  				
Contracts expiring in the next 12 months	  	$	537.0	  	0.81	  	0.69	  	$	(77.5	)	
Contracts expiring in the next 13 to 24 months	  	 	202.5	  	0.74	  	0.69	  	 	(25.5	)	
Contracts expiring in the next 25 to 36 months	  	 	55.0	  	0.77	  	0.69	  	 	(8.8	)	
	  	 	 	  		  		  	 	 	 	
Total	  	$	794.5	  	0.79	  	0.69	  	$	(111.8	)	
	  	 	 	  		  		  	 	 	 	
AUD Call Options (2)	  			  		  		  				
Contracts expiring in the next 12 months	  	$	33.0	  	0.87	  	0.69	  	$	0.3	 	
Contracts expiring in the next 13 to 24 months	  	 	41.5	  	0.90	  	0.69	  	 	0.6	 	
Contracts expiring in the next 25 to 36 months	  	 	—  	  	—  	  	—  	  	 	—  	 	
	  	 	 	  		  		  	 	 	 	
Total	  	$	74.5	  	0.88	  	0.69	  	$	0.9	 	
	  	 	 	  		  		  	 	 	 	
Total Hedge Contract Portfolio	  	$	869.0	  		  		  	$	(110.9	)	

(1)	Includes collar options, convertible collar options and forward exchange contracts.	
 
(2)	AUD call options are excluded from the weighted average exchange rate used for the remainder of the contract portfolio due to the unlimited downside participation associated with these instruments.	
 
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The significant unrealized mark-to-market fluctuations are related to the spot rate of A$0.69 as of December 31, 2008, which significantly decreased from the spot rate of A$0.96 as of June 30, 2008 upon de-designation of the hedges. The changes in the spot rates are correlated to the depreciation of the Australian dollar relative to the United States dollar during the period. In addition, the amount of outstanding contracts in Portman’s foreign exchange hedge book significantly increased from $559.2 million at June 30, 2008 to approximately $869.0 million as of December 31, 2008, primarily as a result of higher sales prices in the current year partially offset by the expiration of contracts upon maturity.
In 2008, we recorded impairment charges of $25.1 million related to declines in the fair value of our available-for-sale securities which we concluded were other than temporary. As of December 31, 2008, our investments in PolyMet and Golden West had fair values totaling $6.2 million and $4.7 million, respectively, compared with a cost of $14.2 million and $21.8 million, respectively. The metals and mining industry and our investees are susceptible to changes in the U.S. and global economies and the industries of their customers. Their principal customers are part of the global steel industry, and their businesses have been adversely affected by the slowdown of the global economy, particularly during the last quarter of 2008 when our investments became impaired. The severity of the impairments in relation to the carrying amounts of the individual investments is consistent with the macroeconomic market and industry developments. However, we have evaluated the near-term prospects of the issuers in relation to the severity and rapid decline in the fair value of each of these investments, and based upon that evaluation, we could not reasonably assert that the impairment period would be temporary primarily as a result of the global economic crisis and the corresponding uncertainties in the market.
The increase in interest income in 2008 compared with 2007 is attributable to additional cash and investments held by Portman during the year coupled with higher overall average returns. However, investment returns were lower in the fourth quarter of 2008 as a result of market declines. Higher interest expense in 2008 reflected increased borrowings under our senior notes and interest accretion for the deferred payment related to the PinnOak acquisition. See NOTE 5 — DEBT AND CREDIT FACILITIES for further information.
Income Taxes
Our tax provision for the year ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 was $144.2 million and $84.1 million, respectively. The increase is primarily attributable to higher pre-tax book income partially offset by a decrease in our effective tax rate. Our effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 was 20.1 percent and 22.1 percent, respectively. The 2.0 percent decrease is primarily attributable to increased percentage depletion and release of the valuation allowance related to foreign net operating losses. See NOTE 10 — INCOME TAXES for further information.
Minority Interest
Minority interest in consolidated income increased $5.6 million, or 36 percent, for the year ended December 31, 2008. The increase is primarily driven by a corresponding increase in the operating results of Portman, a consolidated subsidiary in which we owned approximately 80.4 percent in 2007 and throughout the first half of 2008. In June 2008, we acquired an additional 4.8 percent interest in Portman through a share repurchase program offered by Portman. We subsequently made an off-market offer to purchase the outstanding shares and proceeded with a compulsory acquisition of the remaining shares to obtain full ownership of Portman in the fourth quarter of 2008. In addition, effective July 1, 2008, we acquired the remaining 30 percent interest in United Taconite. Upon consummation of the purchase, our ownership interest increased from 70 percent to 100 percent. Each of these transactions constituted a step acquisition of a non-controlling interest, thereby reducing minority interest in consolidated income on a prospective basis. In accordance with SFAS 141, Business Combinations, we accounted for the acquisition of the minority interests by the purchase method. As a result of each step acquisition, the then historical cost basis of the minority interest balance was reduced to the extent of the percentage interest sold, and the increased ownership obtained was accounted for by increasing the entity’s basis from historical cost to fair value for the portion of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on the additional ownership acquired.
 
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Equity Loss in Ventures
The equity loss in ventures for the year ended December 31, 2008 of $35.1 million primarily represents our share of the operating results of our equity method investment in Amapá. Such results mainly consist of start-up and operating losses of $45.6 million, which includes operating losses from Amapá’s railroad of $5.8 million. The loss was partially offset by foreign currency hedge gains of $10.5 million. This compares with a loss of $11.2 million in 2007, comprised of $7.2 million in pre-production costs and $4.0 million of operating losses from the railroad. The negative operating results in the current year are mainly due to slower than anticipated ramp-up of operations and product yields.
We evaluate the loss in value of our equity method investments each reporting period to determine whether the loss is other than temporary. Based upon the increase in equity losses resulting from start-up costs and production delays in 2008, we determined that indicators of impairment may exist relative to our investment in Amapá. Accordingly, we performed an assessment of the potential impairment of our investment during the fourth quarter of 2008 using a discounted cash flow model to determine the fair value of our investment in relation to its carrying value as of December 31, 2008. Based upon the analysis performed, we have determined that our investment is not impaired. In addition, we will continue to evaluate the results of our investment on a quarterly basis while monitoring the declines in pricing and the potential impact on our business as a result of the recent economic downturn in the industry.
2007 Compared to 2006
For the year ended December 31, 2007, consolidated revenues increased to $2.3 billion, with net income of $2.57 per diluted share. This compared with revenues of $1.9 billion and net income of $2.60 per diluted share in 2006.
Revenue from Product Sales and Services
Sales revenue in 2007 increased $353.5 million, or 18 percent, compared with 2006. The increase in sales revenue was primarily due to higher sales prices combined with increases in sales volume. In relation to our North American Iron Ore segment, sales volume in 2007 included 1.5 million tons of pellets purchased and paid for by customers at year-end under take-or-pay provisions of existing long-term supply agreements. First half shipments in 2007 included 1.2 million tons of pellets purchased in upper Great Lakes stockpiles and paid for in 2006. Revenue recognition related to the December 2006 stockpile transaction totaling $62.6 million was deferred until the product was delivered in 2007. The completion of a two-million-tonne per annum expansion at Koolyanobbing in late 2006 also resulted in increased sales volume in 2007 related to our Asia Pacific Iron Ore segment.
Sales prices per-ton increased year over year in relation to our iron ore business both domestically and abroad, reflecting the effect of contractual base price increases, higher term supply agreement escalation factors including higher steel pricing, higher PPI and lag-year adjustments. In addition, 2007 included incremental revenue of $85.2 million related to our North American Coal segment acquired on July 31, 2007.
Cost of Goods Sold
Cost of goods sold was $1.8 billion in 2007, an increase of $305.5 million, or 20 percent compared with 2006. The increase in cost of goods sold and operating expenses primarily reflected higher volume in 2007. On a per-ton basis, cost of goods sold and operating expenses for our North American Iron Ore segment were flat in comparison to 2006, as a result of our strategic procurement, maintenance and other business improvement programs, as well as the implementation of Six Sigma and Lean Sigma. Costs were also negatively impacted in 2007 by unfavorable foreign exchange rates as well as changeover costs associated with a new mining contractor at our Asia Pacific Iron Ore segment. In addition, cost of goods sold in 2007 included incremental expense of $116.9 million related to our North American Coal segment acquired on July 31, 2007.
 
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Other Operating Income (Expense)
Following is a summary of other operating income (expense) for 2007 and 2006:

 	  	(In Millions)	 	
 	  	2007	 	 	2006	 	 	Variance
Favorable/
(Unfavorable)	 	
Casualty recoveries	  	$	3.2	 	 	$	—  	 	 	$	3.2	 	
Royalties and management fee revenue	  	 	14.5	 	 	 	11.7	 	 	 	2.8	 	
Selling, general and administrative expenses	  	 	(114.2	)	 	 	(72.4	)	 	 	(41.8	)	
Gain on sale of other assets — net	  	 	18.4	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	18.4	 	
Miscellaneous — net	  	 	(2.3	)	 	 	12.4	 	 	 	(14.7	)	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
	  	$	(80.4	)	 	$	(48.3	)	 	$	(32.1	)	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Selling, general and administrative expense of $114.2 million increased $41.8 million compared with the prior year, primarily reflecting higher employment costs related to our expanding business, including expenses at North American Coal and our Asia Pacific locations; increased outside professional service fees and higher legal fees.
Gain on sale of assets of $18.4 million primarily reflected the fourth quarter 2007 gain on the sale of portions of the former LTVSMC site. The sale included cash proceeds of approximately $18 million.
Miscellaneous-net expense of $2.3 million in 2007 increased $14.7 million compared  with 2006, primarily reflecting increased mark-to-market hedging losses at our Asia Pacific Iron Ore business.
Other Income (Expense)
Following is a summary of other income (expense) for 2007 and 2006:

 	  	(In Millions)	 	
 	  	2007	 	 	2006	 	 	Variance
Favorable/
(Unfavorable)	 	
Interest income	  	$	20.0	 	 	$	17.2	 	 	 	2.8	 	
Interest expense	  	 	(22.6	)	 	 	(5.3	)	 	 	(17.3	)	
Other — net	  	 	1.7	 	 	 	10.2	 	 	 	(8.5	)	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
	  	$	(0.9	)	 	$	22.1	 	 	$	(23.0	)	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Interest income of $20.0 million increased $2.8 million compared with the prior year, reflecting average higher cash and investment balances and higher average interest rates in our Asia Pacific iron ore business.
Interest expense of $22.6 million increased $17.3 million compared with the prior year, primarily reflecting borrowings from the credit facility to fund the acquisition of PinnOak.
Income Taxes
Income tax expense of $84.1 million in 2007 was $6.8 million lower than the comparable amount in 2006. The decrease was due to lower pre-tax income in 2007 and a lower effective tax rate. Our effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 was 22.1 percent and 23.4 percent, respectively. The 1.3 percent decrease is attributable to lower pre-tax book income offset by increased percentage depletion netted with increased contingent foreign income taxes. See NOTE 10 — INCOME TAXES in Item 8 for further information.
Minority Interest
Minority interest decreased $1.5 million, or 9 percent from the prior year. Minority interest represented the 19.6 percent minority interest related to Asia Pacific Iron Ore earnings.
 
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Equity Loss in Ventures
The equity loss in ventures, $11.2 million, represented the results from the Company’s investment in Amapá, primarily pre-production costs, $7.2 million and operating losses from the railroad, $4.0 million.
Results of Operations — Segment Information
Our company is organized and managed according to product category and geographic location. Segment information reflects our strategic business units, which are organized to meet customer requirements and global competition. We evaluate segment performance based on sales margin, defined as revenues less cost of goods sold identifiable to each segment. This measure of operating performance is an  effective measurement as we focus on reducing production costs throughout the Company.
2008 Compared to 2007
North American Iron Ore
Following is a summary of North American Iron Ore results for 2008 and 2007:

 	  	(In Millions)	 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	Change due to	 	 	 	 	
 	  	2008	 	 	2007	 	 	Sales
price and
rate	 	 	Sales
volume	 	 	Freight and
reimbursements	 	 	Total
change	 	
Revenues from product sales and services	  	$	2,369.6	 	 	$	1,745.4	 	 	$	596.1	 	 	$	34.4	 	 	$	(6.3	)	 	$	624.2	 	
Cost of goods sold and operating expense	  	 	(1,565.3	)	 	 	(1,347.5	)	 	 	(199.0	)	 	 	(25.1	)	 	 	6.3	 	 	 	(217.8	)	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Sales margin	  	$	804.3	 	 	$	397.9	 	 	$	397.1	 	 	$	9.3	 	 	$	—  	 	 	$	406.4	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Sales tons	  	 	22.7	 	 	 	22.3	 	 				 				 				 				
The increase in sales revenue in 2008 was primarily due to higher sales prices combined with an increase in sales volume. Revenue per ton increased 33.3 percent in the current year primarily as a result of higher steel prices, renegotiated and new long-term supply agreements with certain customers, which were negotiated at a time of higher world pellet prices, and other contractual price adjustment factors. In 2008, revenue included $225.5 million related to the supplemental steel payments compared with $98.3 million in 2007.
The comparison of sales volume between 2008 and 2007 shows a slight increase year over year. However, in 2007, certain of our customers purchased and paid for approximately 1.5 million tons of iron ore pellets in stockpiles at the end of the year in order to comply with the take-or-pay provisions of their existing long-term supply agreements. The customers requested via a fixed shipping schedule that we not ship the iron ore until the spring of 2008, when the Great Lakes waterways re-opened for shipping. We recognized revenue on the 1.5 million tons in 2007. The following represents a comparison of sales volume in 2008, 2007 and 2006 as if the impact of the stockpile sales were excluded from the period reported and instead recognized in the period shipped:

 	  	(In Millions)	
 	  	Actual Sales
Tons
Recognized	  	Cash Received /
Sales Tons Not
Recognized	 	 	Pro Forma
Sales
Tons	
2006	  	20.3	  	1.2	 	 	21.5	
2007	  	22.3	  	(1.2	)	 	21.1	
2008	  	22.7	  	1.2	 	 	23.9	
Absent the impact of the stockpile sales, the increase in sales volume in the current year is primarily due to increased demand during the first three quarters of 2008, commitments under our long-term pellet sales agreements, and customer plant outages during 2007. However, this increase was partially offset by declines in sales volumes to customers during the fourth quarter of 2008 as a result of the current volatility and uncertainty in global markets, which has led to production curtailments in the steel industry.
 
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The increase in 2008 revenue is also attributable to a $50.6 million favorable mark-to-market adjustment related to the unsold tons associated with our purchase of the remaining 30 percent interest in United Taconite. Refer to Derivative Financial Instruments within NOTE 1 — BUSINESS SUMMARY AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES, of our consolidated financial statements for further information on the derivative instrument associated with the provisions of this purchase agreement.
The increase in cost of goods sold and operating expense in 2008 was primarily due to higher costs of production, higher royalty fees primarily related to the increases in pellet pricing, and increased maintenance costs associated with the Michigan expansion project. Fuel and energy costs increased $28.4 million compared with 2007. In addition, the impact of the United Taconite step acquisition also contributed to the increase year over year.
Production
Following is a summary of iron ore production tonnage for 2008 and 2007:

 	  	(In Millions) (1)	
 	  	Company Share	  	Total	
Mine	  	2008	  	2007	  	2008	  	2007	
Empire	  	3.6	  	3.9	  	4.6	  	4.9	
Tilden	  	6.5	  	6.1	  	7.6	  	7.2	
Hibbing	  	1.9	  	1.7	  	8.2	  	7.4	
Northshore	  	5.5	  	5.2	  	5.5	  	5.2	
United Taconite	  	4.3	  	3.7	  	5.1	  	5.3	
Wabush	  	1.1	  	1.2	  	4.2	  	4.6	
	  	 	  	 	  	 	  	 	
Total	  	22.9	  	21.8	  	35.2	  	34.6	

(1)	Long tons of pellets (2,240 pounds).	
The decrease in production at Empire compared with the prior year is primarily due to Empire processing Tilden ore to produce 0.4 million tons of pellets under a test period. The corresponding increase is reflected at Tilden, bringing total 2008 production to 7.6 million tons compared with 7.2 million tons in 2007.
The increase in Hibbing’s production in 2008 compared with 2007 was a result of the shutdown in late February 2007 due to severe weather conditions that caused significant buildup of ice in the basin supplying water to the processing facility. The full year production loss in 2007 totaled approximately 0.8 million tons (Company share 0.2 million tons).
The increase in production in 2008 at Northshore was due to reactivation of one of the furnaces at the end of March 2008. Accordingly, production at Northshore benefited from an incremental increase of approximately 0.6 million tons in 2008 and is expected to benefit from an increase of 0.8 million tons of annual capacity thereafter. This increase was partially offset by production curtailments totaling 0.3 million tons in the fourth quarter from idling pellet furnaces in response to production slowdowns in the steel industry.
The increase in our share of production at United Taconite is primarily related to the acquisition of the remaining 30 percent interest in July 2008. United Taconite’s 2008 production was reduced by 0.2 million tons in the fourth quarter from idling a pellet furnace in response to production slowdowns in the steel industry.
In December 2008, we executed plans to reduce production at our six North American iron ore mines to approximately 15 million equity tons. This compares with 2008 production of 22.9 million equity tons. In order to implement the lower production levels, we have temporarily idled various pellet furnaces and initiated workforce adjustments at each of our North American Iron Ore mines. Based on current market uncertainties and corresponding blast furnace capacity utilization in North America, we continue to monitor the marketplace and will adjust our production plans for 2009 accordingly.
 
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North American Coal
Following is a summary of North American Coal results for 2008 and 2007:

 	  	(In Millions, except tonnage)	 	
 	  	Twelve Months	 	 	Five Months	 	 	Change due to	 	
 	  	Ended December 31,	 	 	Sales price
and rate	 	 	Sales
volume	 	 	Freight and
reimbursements	 	 	Total
change	 	
 	  	2008	 	 	2007	 	 			 			 			 			
Revenues from product sales and services	  	$	346.3	 	 	$	85.2	 	 	$	70.5	 	 	$	147.9	 	 	$	42.7	 	 	$	261.1	 	
Cost of goods sold and operating expense	  	 	(392.7	)	 	 	(116.9	)	 	 	(29.3	)	 	 	(203.8	)	 	 	(42.7	)	 	 	(275.8	)	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Sales margin	  	$	(46.4	)	 	$	(31.7	)	 	$	41.2	 	 	$	(55.9	)	 	$	—  	 	 	$	(14.7	)	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Sales tons (in thousands)	  	 	3,241	 	 	 	1,171	 	 				 				 				 				
Results for 2007 represent five month totals since the July 31, 2007 acquisition.
We reported losses of $46.4 million and $31.7 million in sales margin for the year ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Sales volume and costs in 2008 continued to be negatively impacted by adverse mining conditions and production delays throughout the year. In addition, we declared force majeure on customer shipments from our Pinnacle mine in mid-March 2008. Production at the mine slowed as a result of encountering a fault area within the coal panel being mined at the time. The force majeure was lifted in mid-June.
Despite completion of a longwall move in June 2008, our Oak Grove mine continued to experience delays and lower than planned production levels during the second half of 2008. The mine encountered lower than planned coal heights in the current mining panel and harsh geological conditions in the development areas. Additional costs have also been incurred for repairs and maintenance as a result of mechanical problems caused by adverse geological conditions, delays associated with equipment replacements and availability of experienced mining personnel. Oak Grove decreased production in the fourth quarter to enable continuous miners to prepare longwall panels. One of our Green Ridge facilities, located in the Pinnacle Complex, has shut down production in an effort to focus on mining the remaining other Green Ridge location, resulting in lower overall production for the facility.
We continue to be challenged with adverse geological conditions across the mines and delays in delivery of new capital equipment, which have contributed to overall equipment performance and availability issues, which  increased costs in all operations.
Production
Following is a summary of coal production tonnage for 2008 and 2007:

 	  	(In Thousands) (1)	
 	  	Twelve Months	  	Five Months	
 	  	Ended December 31,	
 	  	2008	  	2007 (2)	
Mine:	  		  		
Pinnacle Complex	  	2,489	  	685	
Oak Grove	  	979	  	406	
	  	 	  	 	
Total	  	3,468	  	1,091	

(1)	Tons are short tons (2,000 pounds).	
 
(2)	Prior year results represent production since the July 31, 2007 acquisition.	
Production in 2008 was impacted by the extension of longwall development timing related to unplanned geological conditions, difficulty in obtaining additional equipment and personnel, and mechanical problems
 
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experienced within the second half of 2008 at our Oak Grove Mine. Also impacting production in 2008 were adverse mining conditions at our Pinnacle Complex. In addition, as a result of the economic downturn and its impact on the global steel industry, we initiated operating plans to reduce production and commence workforce adjustments at our Pinnacle Mine in December 2008.
Asia Pacific Iron Ore
Following is a summary of Asia Pacific Iron Ore results for 2008 and 2007:

 	  	(In Millions)	 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	Change due to	 	 	 	 	
 	  	2008	 	 	2007	 	 	Sales price
and rate	 	 	Sales
volume	 	 	Total
change	 	
Revenues from product sales and services	  	$	769.8	 	 	$	444.6	 	 	$	343.9	 	 	$	(18.7	)	 	$	325.2	 	
Cost of goods sold and operating expense	  	 	(421.2	)	 	 	(348.8	)	 	 	(87.1	)	 	 	14.7	 	 	 	(72.4	)	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Sales margin	  	$	348.6	 	 	$	95.8	 	 	$	256.8	 	 	$	(4.0	)	 	$	252.8	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Sales tons	  	 	7.8	 	 	 	8.1	 	 				 				 				
In 2008, the Australian benchmark prices for lump and fines settled at increases of 97 percent and 80 percent, respectively. As a result of the price settlement, sales from our Asia Pacific Iron Ore segment have been recorded at the higher 2008 prices, thereby resulting in record revenues.
Cost of goods sold and operating expenses for the year to date increased primarily due to higher costs of production partially offset by lower volume and reduction of stockpiles. Increased costs of production were a result of higher fuel, maintenance and contract labor expenditures arising from inflationary pressures. Fuel and energy costs for the year to date increased approximately $14.1 million compared with 2007. Costs were also negatively impacted in 2008 by increased royalty payments due to higher revenues and approximately $1.6 million related to unfavorable foreign exchange rates. In addition, the current period was impacted by the  step acquisition of the remaining ownership interest in Portman.
Production
Following is a summary of iron ore production tonnage for 2008 and 2007:

 	  	(In Millions) (1)	
 	  	Total	
 	  	2008	  	2007	
Mine:	  		  		
Koolyanobbing	  	7.3	  	7.7	
Cockatoo Island	  	0.4	  	0.7	
	  	 	  	 	
Total	  	7.7	  	8.4	

(1)	Tonnes are metric tons (2,205 pounds). Cockatoo production reflects our 50 percent share.	
The decrease in production in 2008 compared with 2007 was primarily due to inventory stockpile reductions in an effort to improve working capital. In addition, production at Cockatoo declined as the second stage of the seawall reserves were exhausted. Construction on Phase 3 of the seawall is expected to be completed in May 2009, with sales continuing for approximately two years through June 2011.
 
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2007 Compared to 2006
North American Iron Ore
Following is a summary of North American Iron Ore sales margin for 2007 versus 2006:

 	 	(In Millions)	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	Change due to	 	 	 	 	
 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	 	Sales price
and rate	 	Sales
volume	 	 	Freight and
reimbursements	 	 	Total
change	 	
Revenue from product sales and services	 	$	1,745.4	 	 	$	1,560.7	 	 	$	39.3	 	$	122.4	 	 	$	23.0	 	 	$	184.7	 	
Cost of goods sold and operating expenses	 	 	(1,347.5	)	 	 	(1,233.3	)	 	 	0.6	 	 	(91.8	)	 	 	(23.0	)	 	 	(114.2	)	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Sales margin	 	$	397.9	 	 	$	327.4	 	 	$	39.9	 	$	30.6	 	 	$	—  	 	 	$	70.5	 	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Sales tons	 	 	22.3	 	 	 	20.4	 	 			 				 				 				
The increase in sales revenue was due to a sales volume increase of 1.9 million tons, or $122.4 million, higher sales prices, $39.3 million and higher freight and venture partners’ reimbursements, $23.0 million. Sales volume in 2007 included 1.5 million tons of pellets purchased and paid for by customers at year-end under take-or-pay provisions of existing long-term supply agreements. First half shipments in 2007 included 1.2 million tons of pellets purchased in upper Great Lakes stockpiles and paid for in 2006. Revenue recognition related to the December 2006 stockpile transaction totaling $62.6 million was deferred until the product was delivered in 2007. Sales prices per-ton increased 2.8 percent, reflecting the effect of contractual base price increases, higher term supply agreement escalation factors including higher steel pricing, higher Producers Price Indices and lag-year adjustments.
The increase in cost of goods sold and operating expenses primarily reflected higher volume, $91.8 million. On a per-ton basis, cost of goods sold and operating expenses were flat in comparison to last year, as a result of our strategic procurement, maintenance and other business improvement programs, as well as the implementation of Six Sigma and Lean Sigma. This compares with a Producers Price Indices increase of 4.1 percent, which is a measurement of industrial company cost inflation. Principally, as a result this cost containment,  North American Iron Ore sales margin per ton increased 11 percent from 2006.
Production
Following is a summary of North American Iron Ore production tonnage for 2007 versus 2006:

 	  	(In Millions) (1)	
 	  	Company Share	  	Total	
Mine	  	2007	  	2006	  	2007	  	2006	
Empire	  	3.9	  	3.8	  	4.9	  	4.9	
Tilden	  	6.1	  	5.9	  	7.2	  	6.9	
Hibbing	  	1.7	  	1.9	  	7.4	  	8.3	
Northshore	  	5.2	  	5.1	  	5.2	  	5.1	
United Taconite	  	3.7	  	3.0	  	5.3	  	4.3	
Wabush	  	1.2	  	1.1	  	4.6	  	4.1	
	  	 	  	 	  	 	  	 	
Total	  	21.8	  	20.8	  	34.6	  	33.6	

(1)	Long tons of pellets (2,240 pounds).	
The decrease in Hibbing’s production was a result of the shutdown in late February 2007 due to severe weather conditions that caused significant buildup of ice in the basin supplying water to the processing facility.
Year-over-year production at Tilden benefited from major maintenance work and operating improvements performed in the prior year, and United Taconite production increased due to its recovery from last year’s electrical accident. Production at Wabush was higher as a result of pit design improvements to mitigate dewatering issues.
 
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We reinitiated construction activity to restart an idled pellet furnace at the Northshore facility that increased capacity by approximately 0.6 million tons of pellets in 2008 and 0.8 million tons to our annual capacity thereafter.
North American Coal
Following is a summary of North American Coal sales margin since the July 31, 2007 acquisition:

 	  	(In Millions, except tonnage)	 	
 	  	Five Months Ended
December 31, 2007	 	
Revenues from product sales and services	  	$	85.2	 	
Cost of goods sold and operating expense	  	 	(116.9	)	
	  	 	 	 	
Sales margin	  	$	(31.7	)	
	  	 	 	 	
Sales tons (in thousands) (1)	  	 	1,171	 	

(1)	Tons are short tons (2,000 pounds).	
In August 2007, production at our Pinnacle mine in West Virginia slowed as a result of sandstone intrusions encountered within the coal panel being mined at the time. This slowdown prompted the operating decision in late September to move the mine’s longwall plow system to another panel. In mid-October, the plow system was brought back into production. In addition, we had invested in business improvement initiatives and safety activities designed to enhance future production at our Oak Grove mine. These investments reduced our 2007 production.
The slowdown and resulting lack of leverage over fixed costs, such as labor and energy,  contributed to a loss of sales margin and unusually high per-ton costs of goods sold.
Production
Following is a summary of North American Coal production tonnage for 2007:

 	  	(In Thousands)	
Mine	  	Five Months Ended
December 31, 2007 (1)	
Pinnacle Complex	  	685	
Oak Grove	  	406	
	  	 	
Total	  	1,091	

(1)	Tons are short tons (2,000 pounds).	
Asia Pacific Iron Ore
Following is a summary of Asia Pacific Iron Ore sales margin for 2007 versus 2006:

 	  	(In Millions)	 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	Change due to	 	 	Total
change	 	
	  	2007	 	 	2006	 	 	Sales price
and rate	 	 	Sales
volume	 	 			
Revenue from product sales and services	  	$	444.6	 	 	$	361.0	 	 	$	48.9	 	 	$	34.7	 	 	$	83.6	 	
Cost of goods sold and operating expenses	  	 	(348.8	)	 	 	(274.4	)	 	 	(48.0	)	 	 	(26.4	)	 	 	(74.4	)	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Sales margin	  	$	95.8	 	 	$	86.6	 	 	$	0.9	 	 	$	8.3	 	 	$	9.2	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Sales tonnes	  	 	8.1	 	 	 	7.4	 	 				 				 				
 
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The increase in sales revenue was due to higher sales prices, $48.9 million and higher volume, $34.7 million. Portman’s sales prices reflected the effects of the 9.5 percent increase in the international benchmark price of iron ore fines and lump. The 0.7 million tonne volume increase reflected the completion of the two-million-tonne per annum expansion at Koolyanobbing in late 2006.
Increased production capacity has allowed Asia Pacific to supply higher sales volumes at increased price realizations driven by intense demand from the Asian steel industry, particularly in China. As a result of this demand, revenues per tonne increased 12 percent from the prior year. Per-tonne costs in Asia Pacific Iron Ore, which increased 16 percent, continue to be negatively impacted by foreign exchange rates, as the U.S. dollar weakened relative to the Australian dollar, as well as higher maintenance and contract labor expenditures. In 2007, our Asia Pacific Iron Ore  management team also put in place a new contractor for mine operations that has cost control incentives.
Production
Following is a summary of Asia Pacific Iron Ore production tonnage for 2007 versus 2006:

 	  	(In Millions) (1)	
 	  	Total	
Mine	  	2007	  	2006	
Koolyanobbing	  	7.7	  	7.0	
Cockatoo Island	  	0.7	  	0.7	
	  	 	  	 	
Total	  	8.4	  	7.7	

(1)	Metric tons (2,205 pounds).	
The increase in production primarily reflected the completion of the expansion at Koolyanobbing in late 2006. Production at Cockatoo Island remained steady and continued into 2008. However, in 2008, Cockatoo Island production began to decline, as the second stage of the seawall reserves were exhausted. Construction on a necessary extension of the existing seawall commenced in the third quarter 2008, with production anticipated to restart by the end of the second quarter 2009. This extension is expected to extend production for approximately two additional years, through June 2011.
In July 2007, Portman was notified that its exploration and mining rights under two leases would not be extended beyond July 3, 2007. The mining leases permit Portman to explore for and mine iron ore on mining tenements north of Portman’s Koolyanobbing operations, including the rights to 4.5 million tonnes of iron ore reserves. Portman has since negotiated an in-principle agreement to transfer these rights to the other party in exchange for additional mining rights to new leases.
Liquidity, Cash Flows and Capital Resources
In 2008, we have taken a balanced approach to allocation of our capital resources and free cash flow. We have made strategic investments both domestically and internationally, increased our capital expenditures, strengthened our balance sheet, and increased our borrowing capacity.
Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities was $853.2 million in 2008, compared with $288.9 million and $428.5 million in 2007 and 2006, respectively. Operating cash flows in 2008 were impacted by improved operating results, higher overall gains on our derivative instruments, and other changes in working capital.
Investing Activities
Net cash used for investing activities was $795.6 million in 2008, compared with $745.4 million in 2007 and $127.4 million in 2006. Capital expenditures were $182.5 million, $199.5 million and $119.5 million in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Other significant investing activities in 2008 included the purchases of the remaining minority interests in Portman and United Taconite and our investment in AusQuest. Investing activities in 2007 included the purchase of PinnOak as well as our investments in Sonoma and Amapá.
 
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In addition, non-cash investing activities in 2008 include the issuance of $165 million of unregistered common shares and the commitment to provide 1.2 million tons of iron ore pellets as part of the consideration paid to acquire the remaining 30 percent interest in United Taconite. Non-cash investing activities during the year also include the issuance of four million of our common shares at a share price of $38.27 to the former owners of PinnOak to accelerate the deferred payment and settle the contingent earn-out associated with the initial purchase agreement.
Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities in 2008 was $32.4 million, compared with $250.1 million in 2007. In 2006, our net cash used in financing activities was $148.4 million. Consolidated long-term debt at December 31, 2008 was $525 million, compared to $440 million at December 31, 2007. Cash flows from financing activities in 2008 primarily included borrowings under our revolving credit facility and senior notes of $865 million, partially offset by debt repayments of $780 million during the year.
The following is a summary of significant sources and uses of cash in 2008 and 2007:

 	  	(In Millions)	 	
 	  	2008	 	 	2007	 	
Cash and cash equivalents — January 1	  	$	157.1	 	 	$	351.7	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Significant Transactions	  				 				
Purchase of Portman	  	$	(485.1	)	 	$	—  	 	
Purchase of United Taconite	  	 	(104.4	)	 	 	—  	 	
Purchase of PinnOak	  	 	—  	 	 	 	(343.8	)	
Acquisition termination fees	  	 	(70.0	)	 	 	—  	 	
Investments in ventures and other securities	  	 	(93.1	)	 	 	(265.9	)	
Michigan expansion project	  	 	(47.7	)	 	 	—  	 	
Longwall development	  	 	(29.6	)	 	 	—  	 	
Rail upgrade	  	 	(11.7	)	 	 	—  	 	
Northshore capacity expansion project	  	 	(7.6	)	 	 	(8.6	)	
Other capital expenditures	  	 	(85.9	)	 	 	(190.9	)	
Repayment of debt and other borrowings	  	 	(788.4	)	 	 	(921.5	)	
Dividend distributions	  	 	(37.2	)	 	 	(26.4	)	
Sale of assets	  	 	41.2	 	 	 	23.2	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total	  	 	(1,719.5	)	 	 	(1,733.9	)	
			
Sources of Financing	  				 				
Net cash provided by operations (1)	  	 	923.2	 	 	 	288.9	 	
Borrowings under senior notes	  	 	325.0	 	 	 	—  	 	
Borrowings under revolving loans	  	 	540.0	 	 	 	1,195.0	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total	  	 	1,788.2	 	 	 	1,483.9	 	
Other net activity	  	 	(46.8	)	 	 	55.4	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Cash and cash equivalents — December 31	  	$	179.0	 	 	$	157.1	 	

(1)	Excludes $70 million of acquisition termination fees paid in 2008 related to the Alpha transaction.	
Refer to NOTE 2 — ACQUISITIONS, DIVESTITURES & OTHER INVESTMENTS of the Consolidated Financial Statements for further information regarding the purchase of minority interests in Portman and United Taconite, the prior year acquisition of PinnOak as well as our investments in ventures.
Current Economic Environment and Future Outlook
The current volatility and uncertainty in global markets, coupled with the slowdown in the world’s major economies, has had a significant impact on commodity prices. The mining industry has seen a reduction in high cost operations, and the credit environment is expected to limit the funding and expansion capabilities of many of
 
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the junior mining companies. Based on these economic conditions, we continue to evaluate and assess our capital expenditures, in order to ensure we are positioned to face the challenges, uncertainties, as well as opportunities, associated with the current environment.
In addition, recent deterioration in the securities markets has negatively impacted the value of the assets included in our defined benefit pension plans and postretirement welfare plans based upon the value of our plan assets and obligations at December 31, 2008. The decline in fair value of our plan assets, combined with negotiated plan changes, has resulted in increased total estimated pension and OPEB costs for 2009 of $71.5 million as compared to total benefit costs of $28.9 million in 2008. Further, the decline in fair value has resulted in estimated cash contributions for 2009 of $67.4 million in accordance with our current funding strategy, which is $22.8 million higher than our 2008 funding obligation. Refer to NOTE 9 — PENSIONS AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS of the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
We anticipate that total cash used for investments and capital expenditures in 2009 will be approximately $300 million, including approximately $100 million related to the funding of our investment in Amapá. We are evaluating funding options for our capital needs and expect to be able to fund these requirements through operations.
The following represents our future cash commitments and contractual obligations as of December 31, 2008:

 	  	Payments Due by Period (1) (In Millions)	
Contractual Obligations	  	Total	  	Less Than
1 Year	  	1 - 3
Years	  	3 - 5
Years	  	More Than
5 Years	
Long-term debt	  	$	530.4	  	$	0.8	  	$	4.6	  	$	470.0	  	$	55.0	
Interest on debt (2)	  	 	119.3	  	 	27.8	  	 	50.4	  	 	35.7	  	 	5.4	
Operating lease obligations	  	 	135.0	  	 	26.3	  	 	44.9	  	 	30.9	  	 	32.9	
Capital leases	  	 	82.7	  	 	11.6	  	 	20.9	  	 	18.9	  	 	31.3	
Purchase obligations:	  			  			  			  			  			
Asia Pacific rail upgrade	  	 	27.0	  	 	27.0	  	 	—  	  	 	—  	  	 	—  	
Longwall plow system	  	 	54.8	  	 	53.8	  	 	1.0	  			  			
Open purchase orders	  	 	256.2	  	 	251.4	  	 	4.8	  	 	—  	  	 	—  	
Forward energy contracts	  	 	41.5	  	 	41.5	  	 	—  	  	 	—  	  	 	—  	
Minimum “take or pay” purchase commitments (3)	  	 	438.7	  	 	110.9	  	 	218.4	  	 	27.5	  	 	81.9	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	
Total purchase obligations	  	 	818.2	  	 	484.6	  	 	224.2	  	 	27.5	  	 	81.9	
Other long-term liabilities:	  			  			  			  			  			
Pension funding minimums	  	 	256.9	  	 	32.1	  	 	116.1	  	 	108.7	  	 	—  	
OPEB claim payments	  	 	159.3	  	 	35.3	  	 	68.4	  	 	55.6	  	 	—  	
Foreign exchange derivative contracts	  	 	111.8	  	 	77.5	  	 	34.3	  	 	—  	  	 	—  	
Deferred revenue (4)	  	 	106.5	  	 	106.5	  	 	—  	  	 	—  	  	 	—  	
Mine closure obligations	  	 	100.7	  	 	0.8	  	 	0.7	  	 	0.6	  	 	98.6	
FIN 48 obligations (5)	  	 	35.9	  	 	12.6	  	 	23.3	  	 	—  	  	 	—  	
Personal injury	  	 	30.3	  	 	5.2	  	 	4.8	  	 	1.5	  	 	18.8	
Other (6)	  			  			  			  			  			
	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	
Total other long-term liabilities	  	 	801.4	  	 	270.0	  	 	247.6	  	 	166.4	  	 	117.4	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	
Total	  	$	2,487.0	  	$	821.1	  	$	592.6	  	$	749.4	  	$	323.9	

(1)	Includes our consolidated obligations.	
 
(2)	Interest on the $200 million term debt is calculated using actual rates through April 2009 and is estimated using a 3-year Libor swap rate of 1.75 percent plus a margin of 0.50 from April 2009 through maturity in August 2012. The calculation includes a $100 million Libor interest rate swap fixed at 4.65 percent with an October 2009 maturity date. For the $325 million senior notes, interest is calculated for the $270 million five-year senior notes using a fixed rate of 6.31 percent from 2009 to maturity in June 2013, and for the $55 million seven-year senior notes, interest is calculated at 6.59 percent from 2009 to maturity in June 2015.	
 
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(3)	Includes minimum electric power demand charges, minimum coal, diesel and natural gas obligations, minimum railroad transportation obligations, minimum port facility obligations and minimum water pipeline access obligations for the Sonoma washplant.	
 
(4)	Relates to pellet delivery consideration for purchase of the remaining 30 percent interest in United Taconite.	
 
(5)	Includes accrued interest.	
 
(6)	Other contractual obligations of approximately $86.8 million primarily include income taxes payable and deferred income tax amounts for which timing of payment is non-determinable.	
Refer to NOTE 16 — COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES of the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information  regarding our future purchase commitments and obligations.
Capital Resources
We expect to fund our business obligations from available cash, current operations and borrowings under our credit facility. The following represents a summary of key liquidity measures at December 31, 2008 and 2007:

 	  	(In Millions)	 	
 	  	December 31,
2008	 	 	December 31,
2007 	 	
Cash and cash equivalents	  	$	179.0	 	 	$	157.1	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Credit facility	  	$	800.0	 	 	$	800.0	 	
Senior notes	  	 	325.0	 	 	 	—  	 	
Portman facilities	  	 	27.6	 	 	 	—  	 	
Senior notes drawn	  	 	(325.0	)	 	 	—  	 	
Term loans drawn	  	 	(200.0	)	 	 	(200.0	)	
Revolving loans drawn	  	 	—  	 	 	 	(240.0	)	
Letter of credit obligations and other commitments	  	 	(40.3	)	 	 	(16.2	)	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Borrowing capacity available	  	$	587.3	 	 	$	343.8	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Refer to NOTE 5 — DEBT AND CREDIT FACILITIES of our consolidated financial statements for further information regarding our debt and credit facilities.
We expect meaningful cash flow from operations in 2009. Cash flows from operations are expected to fund all of our contractual obligations in 2009, as well as, expected capital expenditures, pension and OPEB contributions and dividends. Apart from cash generated by the business our primary source of funding is cash on hand, which totals $179.0 million as of December 31, 2008. We also have a $600 million revolving credit facility, which comes due in 2012. This facility has available borrowing capacity of $578.5 million as of December 31, 2008. The combination of cash and the credit facility give us over $750 million in liquidity entering 2009.
As is the case each year, cash flows will be negatively impacted in the first two quarters of 2009 due to an inability to ship over the Great Lakes in the early part of the year. While this will have a detrimental impact on cash flow and earnings in those quarters, we do not expect it to create any liquidity issues, nor do we expect any adverse impact on our debt covenants. Assuming current projected volumes, our liquidity appears to be sufficient, and we will maintain ample room under our debt covenants for 2009.
Several credit markets may provide additional capacity should that become necessary. The bank market may provide funding through a term loan or through exercising the $200 million accordion in our credit facility. In October 2008, we were able to obtain approximately $1.5 billion in commitments from the bank market as part of the funding for the proposed acquisition of Alpha Natural Resources. The risk associated with this market is that decreasing capacity has lead to significant increases in borrowing costs. In 2008, we went to the private placement market to fund $325 million senior notes which are due in 2013 and 2015. Capacity, as in all debt
 
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markets, is a global issue in addition to the fact that our notes have been outstanding for less than one year. Capacity in the bond market appears to be rebounding slowly for investment grade companies. Longer term debt arrangements at current corporate bond rates must be aligned with our longer term capital structure needs. Finally, the equity market has begun to see some activity. Shareholder dilution is a significant determining factor in deciding whether to access this market, in addition to considering how this alternative would align with our longer term capital structure.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
An off-balance sheet arrangement is any transaction, agreement or other contractual arrangement involving an unconsolidated entity under which a company has:
 
 	•	 	made guarantees,	
 
 	•	 	retained or held a contingent interest in transferred assets,	
 
 	•	 	undertaken an obligation under certain derivative instruments, or	
 
 	•	 	undertaken any obligation arising our of a material variable interest in an unconsolidated entity that provides financing, liquidity, market risk or credit risk support to the company, or engages in leasing, hedging or research and development arrangements with the company.	
We have entered into certain agreements under which we have provided guarantees to an unconsolidated entity that are off-balance sheet arrangements. In addition, we have operating leases, which are primarily utilized for certain equipment and office space. Aside from this, we do not have any other off-balance sheet financing arrangements. Refer to NOTE 16 — COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES for additional information regarding our guarantees.
Market Risks
We are subject to a variety of risks, including those caused by changes in the market value of equity investments, changes in commodity prices, interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates. We have established policies and procedures to manage such risks; however, certain risks are beyond our control.
Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk
We are subject to changes in foreign currency exchange rates in Australia as a result of our operations at Portman and Sonoma, which could impact our financial condition. Foreign exchange risk arises from our exposure to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates because our reporting currency is the United States dollar. Portman hedges a portion of its United States currency-denominated sales in accordance with a formal policy. The primary objective for using derivative financial instruments is to reduce the volatility attributable to changes in Australian and United States currency fluctuations. The instruments were subject to formal documentation, intended to achieve qualifying hedge treatment, and were tested at inception and at each reporting period as to effectiveness. Effective July 1, 2008, Portman discontinued hedge accounting for these derivatives, but continues to hold these instruments as economic hedges to manage currency risk. Upon de-designation of the cash flow hedges, the instruments are prospectively marked to fair value each reporting period through Changes in fair value of derivative instruments, net on the Statement of Consolidated Operations. At December 31, 2008, Portman had approximately $869.0 million of outstanding exchange rate contracts in the form of call options, collar options, convertible collar options and forward exchange contracts with varying maturity dates ranging from January 2009 to August 2011. A 10 percent increase in the value of the Australian dollar from the month-end rate would increase the fair value by approximately $65.4 million, and a 10 percent decrease would reduce the fair value by approximately $79.9 million.
We are required to record on our Statements of Consolidated Financial Position the market value of our open derivative positions which do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment. The gain or loss resulting from changes in the market value of these derivative instruments is recorded as an unrealized gain or loss each reporting period. These mark-to-market adjustments are recorded as non-operating costs on the Statements of Consolidated Operations.
 
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Our share of pellets produced at the Wabush operation in Canada represents approximately five percent of our North American iron ore pellet production. This operation is subject to currency exchange fluctuations between the United States and Canadian currency; however, we do not hedge our exposure to this currency exchange fluctuation.
Under the majority ownership of MMX, Amapá’s functional currency was previously determined to be the Brazilian real. The analysis performed to determine the functional currency at the time indicated a mixed outcome assessment of the pertinent determining economic factors as set forth under SFAS No. 52, Foreign Currency Translation (“SFAS 52”), including, for example, sales being priced in U. S. dollars and operating costs being largely incurred in Brazilian real. The change in control of Amapá to Anglo in August 2008 resulted in the review of financial, operating and treasury policies of the entity under new management. This, along with recent efforts to mitigate exposures related to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates resulted in the reassessment of the accounting principles related to the determination of Amapá’s functional currency during the fourth quarter of 2008. As a result, effective October 1, 2008, we changed the functional currency of Amapá from the local currency to the U.S. dollar reporting currency primarily due to changes in the debt structure under which the entity is financed as well as changes in the treasury, risk mitigation and financial reporting policies under which the entity’s operations are managed, resulting in the U.S. dollar becoming the currency of the primary economic environment in which the business operates. Refer to NOTE 1 – BUSINESS SUMMARY AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES, of the consolidated financial statements for further information.
Interest Rate Risk
Interest for borrowings under our credit facility is at a floating rate, dependent in part on the LIBOR rate, which exposes us to the effects of interest rate changes. Based on $100 million in outstanding revolving and term loans at December 31, 2008, with a floating interest rate and no corresponding fixed rate swap, a 100 basis point change to the LIBOR rate would result in a change of $1.0 million to interest expense on an annual basis.
In October 2007, we entered into a $100 million fixed rate swap to convert a portion of this floating rate into a fixed rate. With the swap agreement, we pay a fixed three-month LIBOR rate for $100 million of our floating rate borrowings. The interest rate swap terminates in October 2009 and qualifies as a cash flow hedge.
Pricing Risks
The current global economic crisis has resulted in increasing downward pressure from customers, particularly in China, for a roll back of the 2008 price increases for seaborne iron ore and metallurgical coal in 2009. The 2008 record price increase was driven by high demand for iron ore and coking coal, global steel production at historically high levels, combined with production and logistics constraints for both iron ore and coking coal, resulting in tight supply conditions. With the current global economic crisis, none of these conditions exist in early 2009; and the market now is characterized by a collapse in steel demand and limited global demand for iron ore and coking coal. Reduced demand for iron ore and coking coal will likely result in decreased demand for our products and decreasing prices, resulting in lower revenue levels in 2009, and decreasing margins as a result of decreased production, adversely affecting our results of operations, financial condition and liquidity.
Nonperformance and Liquidity Risks
The current global economic crisis has adversely affected our business and could impact our financial results. All of our customers have announced curtailments of production, which has adversely affected the demand for our iron ore and coal products. Continuation or worsening of the current economic conditions, a prolonged global, national or regional economic recession or other events that could produce major changes in demand patterns, could have a material adverse effect on our sales, margins and profitability. We are not able to predict the impact the current global economic crisis will have on our operations and the industry in general going forward.
 
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In addition, consolidations in some of the industries in which our customers operate have created larger customers, some of which are highly leveraged. These factors have caused some customers to be less profitable and increased our exposure to credit risk. Current credit markets are highly volatile, and some of our customers are highly leveraged. A significant adverse change in the financial and/or credit position of a customer could require us to assume greater credit risk relating to that customer and could limit our ability to collect receivables. Failure to receive payment from our customers for products that we have delivered could adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition and liquidity.
Our investment policy relating to short-term investments is to preserve principal and liquidity while maximizing the short-term return through investment of available funds. The carrying value of these investments approximates fair value on the reporting dates. We commonly use AAA-rated money market funds for short-term investments. On September 19, 2008, we received notice that one of the money market funds, in which we had $20 million invested, was suspending all-cash redemptions and redeeming a combination of cash and in-kind securities until December 12, 2008, when all of the fund’s securities matured. The investment was redeemed in cash for full value on December 12, 2008. All other money market funds we invested in maintained daily cash redemptions throughout 2008.
Approximately 2.9 percent of our U.S. pension trust assets and 1.5 percent of VEBA assets are exposed to sub prime risk, all of which are investment grade and fully collateralized by properties. These investments primarily include Mortgage-Backed Securities and the Home Equity subset of the Asset-Backed Securities sector with AAA and AA credit quality ratings. Due to the continuing liquidity crisis in the U.S., the spreads of these structures have widened and, as a result, their market values have declined. However, the over-collateralization of these arrangements is expected to mitigate the potential for principal loss in these tranches. As evidence, there has been no material impairment in these securities as of December 31, 2008. The U.S. pension and VEBA trusts have no allocations to mortgage-related collateralized debt obligations.
Volatile Energy and Fuel Costs
The volatile cost of energy and supplies is an important issue affecting our production costs, primarily in relation to our iron ore operations. Recent trends have shown that although electric power, natural gas, and oil costs are declining, the direction and magnitude of short-term changes are difficult to predict. Our consolidated North American iron ore mining ventures consumed approximately 13.5 million MMBtu’s of natural gas at an average delivered price of $9.18 per MMBtu, and 22.5 million gallons of diesel fuel at an average delivered price of $3.03 per gallon in 2008. Consumption of diesel fuel by our Asia Pacific Operations was approximately 10.6 million gallons for the same period. As of December 31, 2008 we have 3.5 million MMBtu’s of natural gas, representing approximately 38 percent of our 2009 natural gas requirements, purchased forward at an average price of $8.99 per MMBtu. We also have 6.4 million gallons of diesel fuel, representing approximately 31 percent of our 2009 requirements, purchased forward at $2.58 per gallon for our North American iron ore mining ventures. Such contracts are a means to limit our exposure to potential future market price increases.
Our strategy to address increasing energy rates includes improving efficiency in energy usage and utilizing the lowest cost alternative fuels. Our North American Iron Ore mining ventures enter into forward contracts for certain commodities, primarily natural gas and diesel fuel, as a hedge against price volatility. Such contracts are in quantities expected to be delivered and used in the production process. At December 31, 2008, the notional amount of the outstanding forward contracts was $41.5 million, with an unrecognized fair value net loss of $8.4 million based on December 31, 2008 forward rates. The contracts mature at various times through December 2009. If the forward rates were to change 10 percent from the month-end rate, the value and potential cash flow effect on the contracts would be approximately $3.3 million.
Outlook
Given the current macroeconomic environment and the impact on demand for steelmaking raw materials in the intermediate term, our priority in 2009 is to generate and preserve cash in order to maintain our high degree of financial flexibility. While our Company’s management team has taken swift action to bring production levels at all of our businesses in line with current demand, a great deal of uncertainty remains in the marketplace.
 
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North American Iron Ore Outlook
For 2009, we have contractual obligations for approximately 18 million tons of sales volume. These commitments, combined with eventual revenue recognition of 1.2 million tons deferred in 2008, total approximately 19 million tons of sales volume for 2009. This sales volume total assumes we will recognize “bill and hold” sales, which are anticipated to occur in the fourth quarter of 2009. In addition, based on current market uncertainties and corresponding blast furnace capacity utilization in North America, we must continue to monitor the marketplace as well as the financial health of our customers.
With annual price settlements for iron ore in 2009 not yet concluded, we are unable to provide guidance on average revenue per ton in our North American Iron Ore business segment. We previously indicated our average revenue per ton in 2009 will benefit from contractual base-price adjustments, lag-year adjustments and price caps and floors contained in most of our current supply agreements. Actual realized average revenue per ton will ultimately depend on sales volume levels, World Pellet Prices, production input costs and/or steel prices, all of which are factors in our formula-based pricing for the North American Iron Ore business segment.
At the current annualized production rate for our North American Iron Ore business segment, 2009 cost per ton is expected to be between $70 and $80. The expected increase from 2008 cost per ton is the result of reduced leverage over fixed costs resulting from lower year-over-year production levels.
North American Coal Outlook
We begin 2009 with approximately 1.6 million tons of coal under contractual obligation, or approximately 45 percent of our current annualized production rate. This coal is priced at an average of $108 per ton, which includes production earmarks to fulfill obligations for tons deferred as a result of past production disruptions.
With negotiations for international met coal contracts not yet concluded, we are unable to provide guidance for uncommitted 2009 production related to our North American Coal business segment. Currently there is no precise indication where prices will settle for the high quality, low volatility coal that we produce.
In 2009, we will continue to execute our extended long-term mine planning and development activities at our North American Coal mines designed to ultimately increase annual production and improve cost per ton. As a result, cost per ton for the year is expected to be approximately between $110 and $120.
Asia Pacific Iron Ore Outlook
Asia Pacific Iron Ore 2009 sales volume is expected to be 8.4 million tonnes, with production of 8.6 million tonnes. With annual price settlements for iron ore in 2009 not yet concluded, we are unable to provide guidance on average revenue per tonne for our Asia Pacific Iron Ore business segment. We expect Asia Pacific Iron Ore cost per tonne of approximately $50 to $60.
Sonoma Coal Project Outlook
We have a 45 percent economic interest in the Sonoma coal project and expect total production of approximately 3.5 million tonnes for 2009. Sonoma is expected to have sales volume of 3.3 million tonnes with an approximate 60/40 mix between thermal and metallurgical coal, respectively. Per-tonne costs at Sonoma are expected to be between $85 and $95. The increase from 2008 cost per ton levels is the result of an anticipated special royalty payment under an agreement with our partner, QCoal, that occurs when the mine exceeds a certain performance threshold.
Amapá Iron Ore Project Update
In the third quarter of 2008, our new partner in the Amapá project, Anglo, closed its acquisition of MMX’s 70 percent share of the project and assumed management control over the venture. Throughout the year, the ramp-up of operations was significantly slower than previously anticipated, with annual production totaling 1.2 million tonnes. We, along with Anglo, continue to study all aspects of the project and are taking proactive steps to ensure production is ramped up to the design annual capacity of 6.5 tonnes. We expect to incur an equity loss related to the project of approximately $50 million to $60 million in 2009.
 
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Selling, General and Administrative Expenses and Other Expectations
As a result of limited headcount rationalization, including the elimination and combination of some executive and management positions, combined with tight cost controls, selling, general and administrative expenses are anticipated to be approximately flat to slightly down in 2009 from 2008 levels. We anticipate an effective tax rate of approximately 26 percent to 28 percent for the year. We also expect 2009 capital expenditures of approximately $200 million and depreciation and amortization of approximately $215 million.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
Refer to NOTE 1 — BUSINESS SUMMARY AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES of the consolidated financial statements for a description of recent accounting pronouncements, including the respective dates of adoption and effects on results of operations and financial condition.
Critical Accounting Estimates
Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is based on our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. Preparation of financial statements requires management to make assumptions, estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, costs and expenses, and the related disclosures of contingencies. Management bases its estimates on various assumptions and historical experience, which are believed to be reasonable; however, due to the inherent nature of estimates, actual results may differ significantly due to changed conditions or assumptions. On a regular basis, management reviews the accounting policies, assumptions, estimates and judgments to ensure that our financial statements are fairly presented in accordance with GAAP. However, because future events and their effects cannot be determined with certainty, actual results could differ from our assumptions and estimates, and such differences could be material. Management believes that the following critical accounting estimates and judgments have a significant impact on our financial statements.
Revenue Recognition
North American Iron Ore
Revenue is recognized on the sale of products when title to the product has transferred to the customer in accordance with the specified provisions of each term supply agreement and all applicable criteria for revenue recognition have been satisfied. Most of our North American Iron Ore term supply agreements provide that title and risk of loss transfer to the customer when payment is received. This is a practice utilized to reduce our financial risk to customer insolvency. Under some term supply agreements, we ship the product to ports on the lower Great Lakes or to the customer’s facilities prior to the transfer of title. Our rationale for shipping iron ore products to some customers and retaining title until payment is received for these products is to minimize credit risk exposure.
We recorded revenue of $25.4 million in the fourth quarter of 2008 related to sales to customers under minimum purchase requirements of supply agreements, who had paid for the iron ore but requested that we not ship the product until the spring of 2009, when the Great Lakes waterways re-open for shipping. This compares to $87 million of revenue recorded under similar arrangements in the fourth quarter of 2007. These bill-and-hold sales were made pursuant to long-term contracts that include annual take-or-pay arrangements. Critical estimates and other factors related to the recognition of revenue on these stockpile sales include the freezing weather conditions on the Great Lakes and the existence of a fixed delivery schedule that is reflective of the customer’s historical stockpile shipment requests.
In 2008, certain customers purchased and paid for 1.2 million tons of pellets in upper lakes stockpiles in order to meet minimum contractual purchase requirements. At the request of the customers, the ore was not shipped. We considered whether revenue should be recognized on these sales under the “bill and hold” guidance provided in SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104 Topic 13; however, since fixed shipment schedules were not established prior to year-end, revenue recognition on these transactions, totaling $82.9 million, was deferred and will be recognized upon shipment in 2009.
 
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Most of our North American Iron Ore long-term supply agreements are comprised of a base price with annual price adjustment factors. These price adjustment factors vary based on the agreement but typically include adjustments based upon changes in international pellet prices, changes in specified Producers Price Indices including those for all commodities, industrial commodities, energy and steel. The adjustments generally operate in the same manner, with each factor typically comprising a portion of the price adjustment, although the weighting of each factor varies based upon the specific terms of each agreement. One of our term supply agreements contains price collars, which typically limit the percentage increase or decrease in prices for our iron ore pellets during any given year. In most cases, these adjustment factors have not been finalized at the time our product is sold; we routinely estimate these adjustment factors. The price adjustment factors have been evaluated to determine if they contain embedded derivatives. We evaluated the embedded derivatives in the supply agreements in accordance with the provisions of SFAS 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, as amended by SFAS 138, Accounting for Certain Derivative Instruments and Certain Hedging Activities — an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133. The price adjustment factors share the same economic characteristics and risks as the host contract and are integral to the host contract as inflation adjustments; accordingly they have not been separately valued as derivative instruments. In addition, certain supply agreements with one customer include provisions for supplemental revenue or refunds based on the customer’s annual steel pricing for the year the product is consumed in the customer’s blast furnaces. We account for this provision as a derivative instrument at the time of sale and record this provision at fair value until the year the product is consumed and the amounts are settled as an adjustment to revenue.
As part of the agreement to acquire the remaining 30 percent interest in United Taconite, effective July 1, 2008, we committed approximately 1.2 million tons of iron ore pellets, which are to be provided through September 2009. This commitment represents an obligation to deliver the pellets as additional consideration for the remaining interest in United Taconite. The pellets were initially valued at $181.3 million, based upon the 2008 Eastern Canadian pellet price at the time of acquisition, and the additional consideration is recorded as current Derivative liabilities on the Statement of Consolidated Financial Position until the pellets are delivered. The purchase agreement contains a penalty provision in the event the 1.2 million tons of pellets are not delivered by a specified date. The penalty provision, which is not a fixed amount or a fixed amount per unit, causes net settlement in this arrangement, and therefore causes the obligation to be accounted for as a derivative instrument, which is based on the future Eastern Canadian pellet price. The instrument is marked to fair value each reporting period until the pellets are delivered and the amounts are settled. In 2008, we recognized $24.2 million as Product revenues on the Statements of Consolidated Operations upon shipment of 0.16 million tons of iron ore pellets. The derivative liability associated with the undelivered pellets was reduced by a mark-to-market adjustment of $50.6 million through Product revenues , resulting in $106.5 remaining in current Derivative liabilities at December 31, 2008.
Revenue from product sales includes cost reimbursements from venture partners for their share of mine costs. The mining ventures function as captive cost companies; they supply product only to their owners effectively on a cost basis. Accordingly, the minority interests’ revenue amounts are stated at cost of production and are offset in entirety by an equal amount included in cost of goods sold resulting in no profits or losses reflected in minority interest participants. As we are responsible for product fulfillment, we have the risks and rewards of a principal in the transaction, and accordingly, we record revenue in this arrangement on a gross basis in accordance with EITF, 99-19, Reporting Revenue Gross as a Principal Versus Net as an Agent , under the line item “Freight and other reimbursements”.
Revenue from product sales also includes reimbursement for freight charges paid on behalf of customers in Freight and Venture Partners’ Cost Reimbursements separate from product revenue, in accordance with EITF 00-10, Accounting for Shipping and Handling Fees and Costs. Where we are joint venture participants in the ownership of a North American iron ore mine, our contracts entitle us to receive royalties and management fees, which we earn as the pellets are produced.
 
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North American Coal
We recognize revenue when title passes to the customer. For domestic coal sales, this generally occurs when coal is loaded into rail cars at the mine. For export coal sales, this generally occurs when coal is loaded into the vessels at the terminal.
Asia Pacific Iron Ore
Sales revenue is recognized at the free on board, or F.O.B., point, which is generally when the product is loaded into the vessel. Foreign currency revenues are converted to Australian dollars at the currency exchange rate in effect at the time of the transaction.
Our Asia Pacific operations receive funds in United States currency for their iron ore and coal sales. We use forward exchange contracts, call options, collar options and convertible collar options to hedge our foreign currency exposure for a portion of our sales receipts. United States currency is converted to Australian dollars at the currency exchange rate in effect at the time of the transaction. The primary objective for the use of these instruments is to reduce exposure to changes in Australian and United States currency exchange rates and to protect against undue adverse movement in these exchange rates. Effective July 1, 2008, we discontinued hedge accounting for these derivatives, but continue to hold these instruments as economic hedges to manage currency risk. At December 31, 2008, we had approximately $869.0 million of outstanding exchange rate contracts in the form of call options, collar options, convertible collar options and forward exchange contracts with varying maturity dates ranging from January 2009 to August 2011.
Upon de-designation of these cash flow hedges, the instruments are prospectively marked to fair value each reporting period through Changes in fair value of derivative instruments, net on the Statements of Consolidated Operations. In 2008 the mark-to-market adjustments resulted in a net unrealized loss of $188.2 million, based on a spot rate of 0.69 at December 31, 2008. The amounts that were previously recorded as a component of Other comprehensive income are reclassified to earnings and a corresponding realized gain or loss is recognized upon settlement of the related contracts. Since the July 1, 2008 date of de-designation, we reclassified a $25.0 million gain out of Accumulated other comprehensive loss related to contracts that settled during the period, which was recorded as Product revenues on the Statements of Consolidated Operations for the year ended December 31, 2008. In 2008, 2007 and 2006, ineffectiveness resulting in an $8.6 million loss, a $17.0 million loss, and a $2.7 million gain, respectively, was recorded in Miscellaneous — net on the Statements of Consolidated Operations. As of December 31, 2008, approximately $19.0 million of gains remains in Accumulated other comprehensive loss related to the effective cash flow hedge contracts prior to de-designation. Of this amount, we estimate $14.9 million will be reclassified to Product revenues in the next 12 months upon settlement of the related contracts.
Certain supply agreements primarily with our Asia Pacific customers provide for revenue or refunds based on the ultimate settlement of annual international benchmark pricing provisions. The pricing provisions are characterized as freestanding derivatives and are required to be accounted for separately once iron ore is shipped. The derivative instrument, which is settled and billed once the annual international benchmark price is settled, is marked to fair value as a revenue adjustment each reporting period based upon the estimated forward settlement until the benchmark is actually settled.
In the fourth quarter of 2008, we negotiated additional sales with certain of our Asia Pacific Iron Ore customers who had previously fulfilled their 2008 purchase commitments under current year contracts and required additional tonnage. In response to the economic downturn and its impact on the global steel industry, we agreed that the provisional pricing for these shipments would be at a discount to 2008 benchmark prices to reflect the decline in steel demand and prices, with final pricing being based upon 2009 benchmark prices once they are settled. The discount pricing provisions are characterized as freestanding derivatives and are required to be accounted for separately once the iron ore is shipped. The derivative instrument, which is settled and billed once the 2009 international benchmark price is settled, is marked to fair value as a revenue adjustment each reporting period based upon the estimated forward settlement until the benchmark is actually settled. We recognized approximately $34.3 million as Product revenues on the Statement of Consolidated Operations for the year ended December 31, 2008, related to the shipment of approximately 0.4 million tonnes under these pricing provisions.
 
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As of December 31, 2008, the 2009 international benchmark prices have not yet settled. Therefore, the derivative instrument was marked to fair value at December 31, 2008 resulting in a $7.7 million reduction in Product revenues on the Statement of Consolidated Operations in 2008.
Refer to NOTE 1 — BUSINESS SUMMARY AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES, for further information regarding our revenue recognition policy.
Litigation Accruals
We are subject to proceedings, lawsuits and other claims. We are required to assess the likelihood of any adverse judgments or outcomes to these matters as well as the potential ranges of probable losses. A determination of the amount of accrual required, if any, for these contingencies is made after careful analysis of each matter. The required accrual may change in the future due to new developments in each matter or changes in approach, such as a change in settlement strategy in dealing with these matters. We do not believe that any such matter will have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations.
Income Taxes
Contingencies
Domestic and foreign tax authorities periodically audit our income tax returns. These audits include questions regarding our tax-filing positions, including the timing and amount of deductions and allocation of income among various tax jurisdictions. At any time, multiple tax years are subject to audit by the various tax authorities. In evaluating the exposures associated with our various tax-filing positions, we record reserves for exposures where a position taken has not met a more-likely-than-not threshold. A number of years may elapse before a particular matter, for which we have established a reserve, is audited and fully resolved. When facts change or the actual results of a settlement with tax authorities differs from our established reserve for a matter, we adjust our tax contingencies reserve and income tax provision in the period in which the facts changed or the income tax matter is resolved.
Prior to 2007, we recorded estimated tax liabilities to the extent they were probable and could be reasonably estimated. On January 1, 2007, we adopted the provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (“FIN 48”). The effects of applying this Interpretation resulted in a decrease of $7.7 million to retained earnings as of January 1, 2007. FIN 48 prescribes a more-likely-than-not threshold for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken (or expected to be taken in a tax return). This Interpretation also provides guidance on derecognition of income tax assets and liabilities, accounting for interest and penalties associated with tax positions, accounting for income taxes in interim periods and income tax disclosures.
Valuation Allowance
At December 31, 2008, we had a valuation allowance of $17.6 million against our deferred tax assets. In determining the valuation allowance, we assess both negative and positive evidence when measuring the need for a valuation allowance. Evidence, such as operating results during the most recent three-year period, is given more weight than our expectations of future profitability, which are inherently uncertain. Our losses in certain foreign locations in recent periods represented sufficient negative evidence to require a full valuation allowance against certain of our foreign deferred tax assets. We intend to maintain a valuation allowance against our net deferred tax assets until sufficient positive evidence exists to support the realization of such assets.
Mineral Reserves
We regularly evaluate our economic mineral reserves and update them as required in accordance with SEC Industry Guide 7. The estimated mineral reserves could be affected by future industry conditions, geological conditions and ongoing mine planning. Maintenance of effective production capacity or the mineral reserve could require increases in capital and development expenditures. Generally as mining operations progress, haul lengths and lifts increase. Alternatively, changes in economic conditions, or the expected quality of ore reserves could decrease capacity or ore reserves. Technological progress could alleviate such factors, or increase capacity or ore reserves.
 
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We use our mineral reserve estimates combined with our estimated annual production levels, to determine the mine closure dates utilized in recording the fair value liability for asset retirement obligations. Refer to NOTE 7 — ENVIRONMENTAL AND MINE CLOSURE OBLIGATIONS, for further information. Since the liability represents the present value of the expected future obligation, a significant change in mineral reserves or mine lives would have a substantial effect on the recorded obligation. We also utilize economic mineral reserves for evaluating potential impairments of mine assets and in determining maximum useful lives utilized to calculate depreciation and amortization of long-lived mine assets. Decreases in mineral reserves or mine lives could significantly affect these items.
Asset Retirement Obligations
The accrued mine closure obligations for our active mining operations provide for contractual and legal obligations associated with the eventual closure of the mining operations. Our obligations are determined based on detailed estimates adjusted for factors that a market participant would consider (i.e., inflation, overhead and profit), which are escalated at an assumed rate of inflation to the estimated closure dates, and then discounted using the current credit-adjusted risk-free interest rate. The estimate also incorporates incremental increases in the closure cost estimates and changes in estimates of mine lives. The closure date for each location is determined based on the exhaustion date of the remaining iron ore reserves. The estimated obligations are particularly sensitive to the impact of changes in mine lives given the difference between the inflation and discount rates. Changes in the base estimates of legal and contractual closure costs due to changes in legal or contractual requirements, available technology, inflation, overhead or profit rates would also have a significant impact on the recorded obligations. Refer to NOTE 7 — ENVIRONMENTAL AND MINE CLOSURE OBLIGATIONS, for further information.
Asset Impairment
In assessing the recoverability of our long-lived assets, significant assumptions regarding the estimated future cash flows and other factors to determine the fair value of the respective assets must be made, as well as the related estimated useful lives. If these estimates or their related assumptions change in the future as a result of changes in strategy or market conditions, we may be required to record impairment charges for these assets in the period such determination was made.
We monitor conditions that indicate that the carrying value of an asset or asset group may be impaired. We determine impairment based on the asset’s ability to generate cash flow greater than its carrying value, utilizing an undiscounted probability-weighted analysis. If the analysis indicates the asset is impaired, the carrying value is adjusted to fair value. Fair value can be determined using a market approach, income approach or cost approach. The impairment analysis and fair value determination can result in substantially different outcomes based on critical assumptions and estimates including the quantity and quality of remaining economic ore reserves, future iron ore prices and production costs. Refer to NOTE 1 — BUSINESS SUMMARY AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES, for further information regarding our policy on asset impairment.
Environmental Remediation Costs
We have a formal policy for environmental protection and restoration. Our obligations for known environmental problems at active and closed mining operations and other sites have been recognized based on estimates of the cost of investigation and remediation at each site. If the estimate can only be estimated as a range of possible amounts, with no specific amount being more likely, the minimum of the range is accrued. Management reviews its environmental remediation sites quarterly to determine if additional cost adjustments or disclosures are required. The characteristics of environmental remediation obligations, where information concerning the nature and extent of clean-up activities is not immediately available, and which are subject to changes in regulatory requirements, result in a significant risk of increase to the obligations as they mature. Expected future expenditures are not discounted to present value unless the amount and timing of the cash disbursements can be reasonably estimated. Potential insurance recoveries are not recognized until realized.
 
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Employee Retirement Benefit Obligations
We, along with our North American Iron Ore mining ventures, sponsor defined benefit pension plans covering substantially all North American employees. These plans are largely noncontributory, and benefits are generally based on employees’ years of service and average earnings for a defined period prior to retirement. We do not provide OPEB for most U.S. salaried employees hired after January 1, 1993.
Pursuant to a 2003 asset purchase agreement with the previous owner, PinnOak assumed postretirement benefits for certain employees who will vest more than five years after the asset purchase date of June 30, 2003. Postretirement benefits for vested employees and those that will vest within the five-year period subsequent to the acquisition date remain obligations of the previous owner. PinnOak records a provision for estimated postretirement benefits for employees not covered by the asset purchase agreement with the former owner based upon annual valuations.
Portman does not have employee retirement benefit obligations.
On September 12, 2006, our Board of Directors approved modifications to the pension benefits provided to salaried participants. The modifications retroactively reinstated the final average pay benefit formula (previously terminated and replaced with a cash balance formula in July 2003) to allow for additional accruals through June 30, 2008 or the continuation of benefits under an improved cash balance formula, whichever is greater. The change increased the projected benefit obligation, or PBO, by $15.1 million and pension expense by $1.1 million in 2006. On October 6, 2008, the USW ratified a new four-year labor contract, which replaces the labor agreement that expired on September 1, 2008. The new agreement covers approximately 2,300 USW-represented workers at our Empire and Tilden mines in Michigan, and our United Taconite and Hibbing mines in Minnesota. The changes enhanced the minimum pension formula by increasing the benefit dollar multipliers and renewed the lump sum special payments for certain employees retiring in the near future. The changes also included renewal of payments to surviving spouses of certain retirees. The result of the changes is an increase of $5.6 million in PBO and $1.8 million in 2008 pension expense.
Following is a summary of our defined benefit pension and OPEB funding and expense for the years 2006 through 2009:

 	  	(In Millions)	
 	  	Pension	  	OPEB	
 	  	Funding	  	Expense	  	Funding	  	Expense	
2006	  	40.7	  	23.0	  	30.4	  	9.8	
2007	  	32.5	  	17.4	  	23.0	  	4.5	
2008	  	24.9	  	20.3	  	19.7	  	8.6	
2009 (Estimated)	  	32.1	  	48.3	  	35.3	  	23.2	
Assumptions used in determining the benefit obligations and the value of plan assets for defined benefit pension plans and postretirement benefit plans (primarily retiree healthcare benefits) offered by the Company are evaluated periodically by management. Critical assumptions, such as the discount rate used to measure the benefit obligations, the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets, the medical care cost trend, and the rate of compensation increase are reviewed annually. Our 2008 discount rate of 6.00 percent remained consistent with 2007. We assumed a compensation increase of 4.0 percent in 2008 to determine both our pension and OPEB obligations. This compares with a rate of compensation increase of 4.13 percent for pension and 4.50 percent for OPEB in 2007. Additionally, on December 31, 2008, we adopted the IRS 2009 prescribed mortality tables (separate pre-retirement and postretirement) to determine the expected life of our plan participants, replacing the IRS static 2023/2015 tables. Following are sensitivities on estimated 2009 pension and OPEB expense of potential further changes in these key assumptions:

 	  	Increase in 2009	
 	  	Expense
(In Millions)	
 	  	Pension	  	OPEB	
Decrease discount rate .25 percent	  	$	1.3	  	$	0.8	
Decrease return on assets 1 percent	  	 	4.4	  	 	1.1	
Increase medical trend rate 1 percent	  	 	N/A	  	 	5.6	
 
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Changes in actuarial assumptions, including discount rates, employee retirement rates, mortality, compensation levels, plan asset investment performance, and healthcare costs, are determined by the Company based on analyses of actual and expected factors. Changes in actuarial assumptions and/or investment performance of plan assets can have a significant impact on our financial condition due to the magnitude of our retirement obligations. Refer to NOTE 9 — PENSIONS AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS in Item 8 for further information.
Accounting for Business Combinations
In June 2008, we acquired an additional 4.8 percent interest in Portman through a share repurchase program offered by Portman, in which we did not participate. We subsequently made an off-market offer to purchase the outstanding shares and proceeded with a compulsory acquisition of the remaining shares to obtain full ownership of Portman in the fourth quarter of 2008. In addition, effective July 1, 2008, we acquired the remaining 30 percent interest in United Taconite. Upon consummation of the purchase, our ownership interest increased from 70 percent to 100 percent. Each of these transactions constituted a step acquisition of a non-controlling interest. In accordance with SFAS 141, Business Combinations, we accounted for the acquisition of the minority interests by the purchase method. As a result of each step acquisition, the then historical cost basis of the minority interest balance was reduced to the extent of the percentage interest sold, and the increased ownership obtained was accounted for by increasing the entity’s basis from historical cost to fair value for the portion of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on the additional ownership acquired.
We are in the process of conducting a valuation of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed related to each of the acquisitions, most notably, property, plant and equipment, mineral reserves, inventory and sales contracts, and the final allocation will be made when completed. Accordingly, allocation of the purchase price is preliminary and subject to modification in the future. In estimating the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, we consider information obtained during our due diligence process and utilize various valuation methods, including a market approach, income approach or cost approach. Depending on the approach used, the valuation is performed based upon market prices, where available, the present value of estimated future cash flows, or comparisons to transactions for similar assets and liabilities. We are required to make subjective estimates in connection with these valuations and allocations.
Forward-Looking Statements
This report contains statements that constitute “forward-looking statements.” These forward-looking statements may be identified by the use of predictive, future-tense or forward-looking terminology, such as “believes,” “anticipates,” “expects,” “estimates,” “intends,” “may,” “will” or similar terms. These statements speak only as of the date of this report, and we undertake no ongoing obligation, other than that imposed by law, to update these statements. These statements appear in a number of places in this report and include statements regarding our intent, belief or current expectations of our directors or our officers with respect to, among other things:
 
 	•	 	trends affecting our financial condition, results of operations or future prospects;	
 
 	•	 	uncertainty relating to contractual disputes with any of our customers;	
 
 	•	 	estimates of our economic iron ore and coal reserves;	
 
 	•	 	uncertainties relating to our ability to identify and consummate any strategic investments;	
 
 	•	 	adverse changes in currency values;	
 
 	•	 	uncertainties relating to contractual disputes with any of our significant energy, material or service providers;	
 
 	•	 	the success of cost-savings efforts;	
 
 	•	 	our business and growth strategies;	
 
 	•	 	our financing plans and forecasts;	
 
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 	•	 	labor relations;	
 
 	•	 	uncertainties associated with unanticipated geological conditions related to underground mining; and	
 
 	•	 	the potential existence of significant deficiencies or material weaknesses in internal controls over financial reporting that may be identified during the performance of testing under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.	
You are cautioned that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve significant risks and uncertainties, and that actual results may differ materially from those contained in the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, some of which are unknown. For additional factors affecting the business of Cliffs Natural Resources Inc., see Item 1A. Risk Factors.
You are urged to carefully consider these risk factors. All forward-looking statements attributable to us are expressly qualified in their entirety by the foregoing cautionary statements.
 
 Item 7A. 	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk. 	
Information regarding our Market Risk is presented under the caption Market Risk , which is included in Item 7 and is incorporated by reference and made a part hereof.
 
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 Item 8. 	Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. 	
Statements of Consolidated Financial Position
Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. and Subsidiaries

 	  	December 31
(In Millions)	
 	  	2008	  	2007	
ASSETS	  			  			
CURRENT ASSETS	  			  			
Cash and cash equivalents	  	$	179.0	  	$	157.1	
Accounts receivable	  	 	68.5	  	 	84.9	
Inventories	  	 	265.4	  	 	241.9	
Supplies and other inventories	  	 	101.2	  	 	77.0	
Deferred and refundable taxes	  	 	54.8	  	 	19.7	
Derivative assets	  	 	76.9	  	 	69.5	
Other	  	 	115.9	  	 	104.5	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	
TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS	  	 	861.7	  	 	754.6	
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, NET	  	 	2,456.1	  	 	1,823.9	
OTHER ASSETS	  			  			
Investments in ventures	  	 	305.3	  	 	265.3	
Marketable securities	  	 	25.4	  	 	55.7	
Intangible assets, net	  	 	109.6	  	 	—  	
Long-term receivables	  	 	33.4	  	 	38.0	
Prepaid pensions — salaried	  	 	—  	  	 	6.7	
Deferred income taxes	  	 	251.2	  	 	42.1	
Deposits and miscellaneous	  	 	68.4	  	 	89.5	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	
TOTAL OTHER ASSETS	  	 	793.3	  	 	497.3	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	
TOTAL ASSETS	  	$	4,111.1	  	$	3,075.8	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
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Statements of Consolidated Financial Position
Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. and Subsidiaries

 	  	December 31
(In Millions)	 	
 	  	2008	 	 	2007	 	
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY	  				 				
CURRENT LIABILITIES	  				 				
Accounts payable	  	$	201.0	 	 	$	149.9	 	
Accrued employment costs	  	 	98.9	 	 	 	73.2	 	
Other postretirement benefits	  	 	17.9	 	 	 	11.2	 	
Income taxes payable	  	 	99.3	 	 	 	11.5	 	
State and local taxes payable	  	 	45.5	 	 	 	33.6	 	
Below-market sales contracts — current	  	 	30.3	 	 	 	—  	 	
Environmental and mine closure obligations	  	 	12.2	 	 	 	7.6	 	
Accrued expenses	  	 	46.1	 	 	 	50.1	 	
Deferred revenue	  	 	86.8	 	 	 	28.4	 	
Derivative liabilities	  	 	194.3	 	 	 	1.4	 	
Other	  	 	12.6	 	 	 	32.7	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES	  	 	844.9	 	 	 	399.6	 	
POSTEMPLOYMENT BENEFIT LIABILITIES	  				 				
Pensions	  	 	250.1	 	 	 	90.0	 	
Other postretirement benefits	  	 	197.9	 	 	 	114.8	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
TOTAL POSTEMPLOYMENT BENEFIT LIABILITIES	  	 	448.0	 	 	 	204.8	 	
ENVIRONMENTAL AND MINE CLOSURE OBLIGATIONS	  	 	104.9	 	 	 	123.2	 	
DEFERRED INCOME TAXES	  	 	67.3	 	 	 	189.0	 	
SENIOR NOTES	  	 	325.0	 	 	 	—  	 	
REVOLVING CREDIT FACILITY	  	 	—  	 	 	 	240.0	 	
TERM LOAN	  	 	200.0	 	 	 	200.0	 	
BELOW-MARKET SALES CONTRACTS	  	 	183.6	 	 	 	—  	 	
CONTINGENT CONSIDERATION	  	 	—  	 	 	 	99.5	 	
DEFERRED PAYMENT	  	 	—  	 	 	 	96.2	 	
DERIVATIVE LIABILITIES	  	 	34.3	 	 	 	—  	 	
OTHER LIABILITIES	  	 	149.1	 	 	 	107.3	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
TOTAL LIABILITIES	  	 	2,357.1	 	 	 	1,659.6	 	
MINORITY INTEREST	  	 	3.3	 	 	 	117.8	 	
3.25% REDEEMABLE CUMULATIVE CONVERTIBLE PERPETUAL PREFERRED STOCK — ISSUED 172,500 SHARES 205 AND 134,715 OUTSTANDING IN 2008 AND 2007	  	 	0.2	 	 	 	134.7	 	
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY	  				 				
Preferred stock — no par value	  				 				
Class A — 3,000,000 shares authorized and unissued	  				 				
Class B — 4,000,000 shares authorized and unissued	  				 				
Common Shares — par value $0.125 per share	  				 				
Authorized — 224,000,000 shares;	  				 				
Issued — 134,623,528 shares; Outstanding — 113,508,990 shares	  	 	16.8	 	 	 	16.8	 	
Capital in excess of par value of shares	  	 	442.2	 	 	 	116.6	 	
Retained Earnings	  	 	1,799.9	 	 	 	1,316.2	 	
Cost of 21,114,538 common shares in treasury (2007 — 47,455,922 shares)	  	 	(113.8	)	 	 	(255.6	)	
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	  	 	(394.6	)	 	 	(30.3	)	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
TOTAL SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY	  	 	1,750.5	 	 	 	1,163.7	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES	  				 				
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY	  	$	4,111.1	 	 	$	3,075.8	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
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Statements of Consolidated Operations
Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. and Subsidiaries 

 	  	(In Millions, Except Per Share
Amounts)	 	
 	  	Year Ended December 31,	 	
 	  	2008	 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	
REVENUES FROM PRODUCT SALES AND SERVICES	  				 				 				
Product 	  	$	3,294.8	 	 	$	1,997.3	 	 	$	1,669.1	 	
Freight and venture partners’ cost reimbursements 	  	 	314.3	 	 	 	277.9	 	 	 	252.6	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
	  	 	3,609.1	 	 	 	2,275.2	 	 	 	1,921.7	 	
COST OF GOODS SOLD AND OPERATING EXPENSES	  	 	(2,449.4	)	 	 	(1,813.2	)	 	 	(1,507.7	)	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
SALES MARGIN 	  	 	1,159.7	 	 	 	462.0	 	 	 	414.0	 	
OTHER OPERATING INCOME (EXPENSE)	  				 				 				
Casualty recoveries	  	 	10.5	 	 	 	3.2	 	 	 	—  	 	
Royalties and management fee revenue 	  	 	21.7	 	 	 	14.5	 	 	 	11.7	 	
Selling, general and administrative expenses	  	 	(188.6	)	 	 	(114.2	)	 	 	(72.4	)	
Terminated acquisition costs	  	 	(90.1	)	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	
Gain on sale of other assets — net	  	 	22.8	 	 	 	18.4	 	 	 	—  	 	
Miscellaneous — net	  	 	2.9	 	 	 	(2.3	)	 	 	12.4	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
	  	 	(220.8	)	 	 	(80.4	)	 	 	(48.3	)	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
OPERATING INCOME	  	 	938.9	 	 	 	381.6	 	 	 	365.7	 	
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE)	  				 				 				
Changes in fair value of derivative instruments, net	  	 	(188.2	)	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	
Impairment of securities	  	 	(25.1	)	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	
Interest income	  	 	26.2	 	 	 	20.0	 	 	 	17.2	 	
Interest expense	  	 	(39.8	)	 	 	(22.6	)	 	 	(5.3	)	
Other — net	  	 	4.3	 	 	 	1.7	 	 	 	10.2	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
	  	 	(222.6	)	 	 	(0.9	)	 	 	22.1	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
INCOME FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS BEFORE INCOME TAXES, MINORITY INTEREST AND EQUITY LOSS FROM VENTURES	  	 	716.3	 	 	 	380.7	 	 	 	387.8	 	
PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES	  	 	(144.2	)	 	 	(84.1	)	 	 	(90.9	)	
MINORITY INTEREST (net of tax of $9.1, $4.7, and $7.3 in 2008, 2007 and 2006)	  	 	(21.2	)	 	 	(15.6	)	 	 	(17.1	)	
EQUITY LOSS FROM VENTURES	  	 	(35.1	)	 	 	(11.2	)	 	 	—  	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
INCOME FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS	  	 	515.8	 	 	 	269.8	 	 	 	279.8	 	
INCOME FROM DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS (net of tax of $0.2 in 2007 and 2006) 	  	 	—  	 	 	 	0.2	 	 	 	0.3	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
NET INCOME	  	 	515.8	 	 	 	270.0	 	 	 	280.1	 	
PREFERRED STOCK DIVIDENDS	  	 	(1.1	)	 	 	(5.2	)	 	 	(5.6	)	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
INCOME APPLICABLE TO COMMON SHARES	  	$	514.7	 	 	$	264.8	 	 	$	274.5	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE — BASIC	  				 				 				
Continuing operations	  	$	5.07	 	 	$	3.19	 	 	$	3.26	 	
Discontinued operations	  	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE — BASIC	  	$	5.07	 	 	$	3.19	 	 	$	3.26	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE — DILUTED	  				 				 				
Continuing operations	  	$	4.76	 	 	$	2.57	 	 	$	2.60	 	
Discontinued operations	  	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE — DILUTED	  	$	4.76	 	 	$	2.57	 	 	$	2.60	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
AVERAGE NUMBER OF SHARES (IN THOUSANDS)	  				 				 				
Basic	  	 	101,471	 	 	 	82,988	 	 	 	84,144	 	
Diluted	  	 	108,288	 	 	 	105,026	 	 	 	107,654	 	
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
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Statements of Consolidated Cash Flows
Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. and Subsidiaries

 	  	(In Millions)	 	
 	  	Year Ended December 31,	 	
 	  	2008	 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	
CASH FLOW FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS
OPERATING ACTIVITIES	  				 				 				
Net income	  	$	515.8	 	 	$	270.0	 	 	$	280.1	 	
Income from discontinued operations	  	 	—  	 	 	 	(0.2	)	 	 	(0.3	)	
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities:	  				 				 				
Depreciation, depletion and amortization	  	 	201.1	 	 	 	107.2	 	 	 	73.9	 	
Minority interest, net	  	 	21.2	 	 	 	15.6	 	 	 	17.1	 	
Share-based compensation	  	 	21.4	 	 	 	11.8	 	 	 	4.9	 	
Equity loss in ventures (net of tax)	  	 	35.1	 	 	 	11.2	 	 	 	—  	 	
Environmental and mine closure obligations	  	 	3.7	 	 	 	1.3	 	 	 	(1.6	)	
Pensions and other postretirement benefits	  	 	(32.9	)	 	 	(35.4	)	 	 	(40.3	)	
Deferred income taxes	  	 	(88.5	)	 	 	(33.1	)	 	 	(4.8	)	
Derivatives and currency hedges	  	 	58.4	 	 	 	(15.4	)	 	 	(8.0	)	
Impairment of securities	  	 	25.1	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	
Gain on sale of assets	  	 	(20.5	)	 	 	(17.9	)	 	 	(9.9	)	
Property damage recoveries	  	 	(10.5	)	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	
Excess tax benefit from share-based compensation	  	 	(3.5	)	 	 	(4.3	)	 	 	(1.2	)	
Casualty recoveries	  	 	—  	 	 	 	(3.2	)	 	 	—  	 	
Proceeds from casualty recoveries	  	 	—  	 	 	 	3.2	 	 	 	—  	 	
Other	  	 	27.0	 	 	 	5.9	 	 	 	(0.2	)	
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:	  				 				 				
Receivables and other assets	  	 	(55.4	)	 	 	18.0	 	 	 	73.0	 	
Product inventories	  	 	(44.6	)	 	 	3.2	 	 	 	(29.9	)	
Deferred revenue and below-market sales contracts	  	 	58.0	 	 	 	(34.2	)	 	 	62.4	 	
Payables and accrued expenses	  	 	142.3	 	 	 	(14.8	)	 	 	3.4	 	
Sales of marketable securities	  	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	13.6	 	
Purchases of marketable securities	  	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	(3.7	)	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net cash from operating activities	  	 	853.2	 	 	 	288.9	 	 	 	428.5	 	
INVESTING ACTIVITIES	  				 				 				
Purchase of PinnOak	  	 	—  	 	 	 	(343.8	)	 	 	—  	 	
Purchase of minority interest in Portman	  	 	(485.1	)	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	
Purchase of minority interest in United Taconite	  	 	(104.4	)	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	
Purchase of property, plant and equipment	  	 	(182.5	)	 	 	(199.5	)	 	 	(119.5	)	
Investments in ventures	  	 	(62.7	)	 	 	(180.6	)	 	 	(13.4	)	
Investment in marketable securities	  	 	(30.4	)	 	 	(85.3	)	 	 	—  	 	
Redemption of marketable securities	  	 	17.8	 	 	 	40.6	 	 	 	—  	 	
Proceeds from sale of assets	  	 	41.2	 	 	 	23.2	 	 	 	5.5	 	
Proceeds from property damage insurance recoveries	  	 	10.5	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net cash used by investing activities	  	 	(795.6	)	 	 	(745.4	)	 	 	(127.4	)	
FINANCING ACTIVITIES	  				 				 				
Borrowings under credit facility	  	 	540.0	 	 	 	1,195.0	 	 	 	—  	 	
Repayments under credit facility	  	 	(780.0	)	 	 	(755.0	)	 	 	—  	 	
Repayment of PinnOak debt	  	 	—  	 	 	 	(159.6	)	 	 	—  	 	
Borrowings under senior notes	  	 	325.0	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	
Common stock dividends	  	 	(36.1	)	 	 	(20.9	)	 	 	(20.2	)	
Preferred stock dividends	  	 	(1.1	)	 	 	(5.5	)	 	 	(5.6	)	
Repayment of other borrowings	  	 	(8.4	)	 	 	(6.9	)	 	 	(3.9	)	
Repurchases of common stock	  	 	—  	 	 	 	(2.2	)	 	 	(121.5	)	
Issuance costs of revolving credit	  	 	—  	 	 	 	(1.0	)	 	 	(1.0	)	
Excess tax benefit from share-based compensation	  	 	3.5	 	 	 	4.3	 	 	 	1.2	 	
Contributions by (to) joint ventures, net	  	 	(10.5	)	 	 	1.9	 	 	 	1.9	 	
Proceeds from stock options exercised	  	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	0.7	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net cash from (used by) financing activities	  	 	32.4	 	 	 	250.1	 	 	 	(148.4	)	
EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE CHANGES ON CASH	  	 	(68.1	)	 	 	11.8	 	 	 	5.9	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
CASH FROM (USED BY) CONTINUING OPERATIONS	  	 	21.9	 	 	 	(194.6	)	 	 	158.6	 	
CASH FROM DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS — OPERATING	  	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	0.3	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS	  	 	21.9	 	 	 	(194.6	)	 	 	158.9	 	
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF YEAR	  	 	157.1	 	 	 	351.7	 	 	 	192.8	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF YEAR	  	$	179.0	 	 	$	157.1	 	 	$	351.7	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
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Statements of Consolidated Shareholders’ Equity
Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. and Subsidiaries

 	 	(In Millions)	 	
 	 	Number
of
Common
Shares	 	 	Common
Shares	 	Capital
in
Excess
of Par
Value
of
Shares	 	Retained
Earnings	 	 	Common
Shares
in
Treasury	 	 	Accumulated
Other
Compre-
hensive
Income
(Loss)	 	 	Total	 	
January 1, 2006	 	43.8	 	 	$	16.8	 	$	100.5	 	$	824.2	 	 	$	(164.3	)	 	$	(125.6	)	 	$	651.6	 	
Comprehensive income	 			 			 			 				 				 				 				
Net income	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	280.1	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	280.1	 	
Other comprehensive income	 			 			 			 				 				 				 				
Minimum pension and OPEB liability	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	17.9	 	 	 	17.9	 	
Unrealized gain on marketable securities	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	7.9	 	 	 	7.9	 	
Unrealized gain on foreign currency translation	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	34.3	 	 	 	34.3	 	
Unrealized gain on derivative instruments	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	6.3	 	 	 	6.3	 	
	 			 			 			 				 				 				 	 	 	 	
Total comprehensive income	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	346.5	 	
Effect of implementing SFAS 158	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	(110.7	)	 	 	(110.7	)	
Stock options exercised	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	0.3	 	 	—  	 	 	 	0.4	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	0.7	 	
Stock and other incentive plans	 	0.4	 	 	 	—  	 	 	2.3	 	 	—  	 	 	 	2.5	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	4.8	 	
Stock split	 	42.4	 	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	
Repurchases of common stock	 	(4.8	)	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	 	(121.5	)	 	 	—  	 	 	 	(121.5	)	
Conversion of preferred stock	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	0.1	 	 	—  	 	 	 	0.1	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	0.2	 	
Preferred stock dividends	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	(5.6	)	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	(5.6	)	
Common stock dividends	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	(20.2	)	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	(20.2	)	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
December 31, 2006	 	81.8	 	 	 	16.8	 	 	103.2	 	 	1,078.5	 	 	 	(282.8	)	 	 	(169.9	)	 	 	745.8	 	
Comprehensive income	 			 			 			 				 				 				 				
Net income	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	270.0	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	270.0	 	
Other comprehensive income	 			 			 			 				 				 				 				
Pension and OPEB liability	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	38.8	 	 	 	38.8	 	
Unrealized net gain on marketable securities	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	0.6	 	 	 	0.6	 	
Unrealized net gain on foreign currency translation	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	86.9	 	 	 	86.9	 	
Unrealized loss on interest rate swap	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	(0.9	)	 	 	(0.9	)	
Unrealized gain on derivative instruments	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	14.2	 	 	 	14.2	 	
	 			 			 			 				 				 				 	 	 	 	
Total comprehensive income	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	409.6	 	
Effect of implementing FIN 48	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	(7.7	)	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	(7.7	)	
Stock options exercised	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	 	0.2	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	0.2	 	
Stock and other incentive plans	 	0.4	 	 	 	—  	 	 	4.1	 	 	—  	 	 	 	2.5	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	6.6	 	
Repurchases of common stock	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	 	(2.2	)	 	 	—  	 	 	 	(2.2	)	
Conversion of preferred stock	 	5.0	 	 	 	—  	 	 	9.3	 	 	1.6	 	 	 	26.7	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	37.6	 	
Preferred stock dividends	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	(5.3	)	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	(5.3	)	
Common stock dividends	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	(20.9	)	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	(20.9	)	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
December 31, 2007	 	87.2	 	 	$	16.8	 	$	116.6	 	$	1,316.2	 	 	$	(255.6	)	 	$	(30.3	)	 	$	1,163.7	 	
Comprehensive income	 			 			 			 				 				 				 				
Net income	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	515.8	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	515.8	 	
Other comprehensive income	 			 			 			 				 				 				 				
Pension and OPEB liability	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	(188.5	)	 	 	(188.5	)	
Unrealized net loss on marketable securities	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	(10.3	)	 	 	(10.3	)	
Unrealized net loss on foreign currency translation	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	(165.1	)	 	 	(165.1	)	
Unrealized loss on interest rate swap	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	(0.8	)	 	 	(0.8	)	
Unrealized gain on derivative instruments	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	0.4	 	 	 	0.4	 	
	 			 			 			 				 				 				 	 	 	 	
Total comprehensive income	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	151.5	 	
Equity purchase of minority interest	 	4.3	 	 	 	—  	 	 	141.8	 	 	—  	 	 	 	23.2	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	165.0	 	
PinnOak settlement	 	4.0	 	 	 	—  	 	 	131.5	 	 	—  	 	 	 	21.5	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	153.0	 	
Stock and other incentive plans	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	19.2	 	 	—  	 	 	 	0.8	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	20.0	 	
Conversion of preferred stock	 	18.0	 	 	 	—  	 	 	33.1	 	 	5.1	 	 	 	96.3	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	134.5	 	
Preferred stock dividends	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	(1.1	)	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	(1.1	)	
Common stock dividends	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	—  	 	 	(36.1	)	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	(36.1	)	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
December 31, 2008	 	113.5	 	 	$	16.8	 	$	442.2	 	$	1,799.9	 	 	$	(113.8	)	 	$	(394.6	)	 	$	1,750.5	 	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
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Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 1 — BUSINESS SUMMARY AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Business Summary
We are an international mining company, the largest producer of iron ore pellets in North America and a supplier of metallurgical coal to the global steelmaking industry. We operate six iron ore mines in Michigan, Minnesota and Eastern Canada, and two coking coal mining complexes in West Virginia and Alabama. We also own 100 percent of Portman, a large iron ore mining company in Australia, serving the Asian iron ore markets with direct-shipping fines and lump ore. In addition, we have a 30 percent interest in Amapá, a Brazilian iron ore project, and a 45 percent economic interest in Sonoma, an Australian coking and thermal coal project. Our company is organized and managed according to product category and geographic location: North American Iron Ore, North American Coal, Asia Pacific Iron Ore, Asia Pacific Coal and Latin American Iron Ore. On October 3, 2008, we filed an amendment to our amended articles of incorporation to change the name of the corporation to Cliffs Natural Resources Inc., effective October 15, 2008. Our ticker symbol, CLF, has remained the same.
Accounting Policies
We consider the following policies to be beneficial in understanding the judgments that are involved in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements and the uncertainties that could impact our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. All common shares and per share amounts have been adjusted retroactively to reflect the two-for-one stock split effective May 15,  2008.
Basis of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include our accounts and the accounts of our consolidated subsidiaries, including the following significant subsidiaries:

Name	  	Location	 	Ownership Interest	 	 	Operation	
Northshore	  	Minnesota	 	100.0	%	 	Iron Ore	
United Taconite	  	Minnesota	 	100.0	%	 	Iron Ore	
Pinnacle	  	West Virginia	 	100.0	%	 	Coal	
Oak Grove	  	Alabama	 	100.0	%	 	Coal	
Portman	  	Western Australia	 	100.0	%	 	Iron Ore	
Tilden	  	Michigan	 	85.0	%	 	Iron Ore	
Empire	  	Michigan	 	79.0	%	 	Iron Ore	
Intercompany accounts are eliminated upon consolidation.
On May 21, 2008, Portman authorized a tender offer to repurchase up to 16.5 million shares, or 9.39 percent of its common stock. At that time, we owned approximately 80.4 percent of the 176 million shares outstanding in Portman and indicated we would not participate in the tender buyback. The tender period closed on June 24, 2008. Under the buyback, 9.8 million fully paid ordinary shares were tendered at a price of $14.10 (A$14.66) per share. The total consideration paid under the buyback was $136.5 million (A$143.3 million). As a result of the buyback, our ownership interest in Portman increased from 80.4 percent to 85.2 percent. On September 10, 2008, we announced an off-market takeover offer to acquire all of the shares in Portman that we did not already own. The off-market tender offer for Portman closed on November 3, 2008, at which time we had received tenders of Portman shares sufficient to give us a 99.3 percent ownership interest in Portman’s outstanding shares. We subsequently proceeded with a compulsory acquisition of the remaining shares and at December 31, 2008 had full ownership of Portman. See NOTE 2 — ACQUISITIONS, DIVESTITURES & OTHER INVESTMENTS for further information.
Effective July 1, 2008, we acquired the remaining 30 percent interest in United Taconite. Upon consummation of the purchase, our ownership interest increased from 70 percent to 100 percent. Total consideration paid for the acquisition was approximately $450.7 million, which was comprised of $104.4 million
 
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Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
in cash, 4.3 million of our common shares, and 1.2 million tons of iron ore pellets. The consolidation of the United Taconite minority interest, together with our Northshore property, represents two wholly-owned iron ore subsidiaries in North America. See NOTE 2 — ACQUISITIONS, DIVESTITURES & OTHER INVESTMENTS for further information.
Our investments in ventures include our 30 percent equity interest in Amapá, an iron ore project located in Brazil, our 30 percent interest in AusQuest, a diversified Australian exploration company, our 23 percent equity interest in Hibbing, an unincorporated joint venture in Minnesota, our 26.83 percent equity interest in Wabush, an unincorporated joint venture located in Canada, and Portman’s 50 percent non-controlling interest in Cockatoo Island.
Investments in certain joint ventures (Wabush, Cockatoo Island, Hibbing) in which our ownership is 50 percent or less, or in which we do not have control but have the ability to exercise significant influence over operating and financial policies, are accounted for under the equity method. Our share of equity income (loss) is eliminated against consolidated product inventory upon production, and against cost of goods sold and operating expenses when sold. This effectively reduces our cost for our share of the mining venture’s production to its cost, reflecting the cost-based nature of our participation in unconsolidated ventures.
Through various interrelated arrangements, we achieve a 45 percent economic interest in Sonoma, despite the ownership percentages of the individual components of Sonoma. We own 100 percent of CAWO, 8.33 percent of the exploration permits and applications for mining leases for the real estate that is involved in Sonoma (“Mining Assets”) and 45 percent of the infrastructure, including the construction of a rail loop and related equipment (“Non-Mining Assets”). CAWO is consolidated as a wholly-owned subsidiary, and as a result of being the primary beneficiary, we absorb greater than 50 percent of the residual returns and expected losses of CAWO. We record our ownership share of the Mining Assets and Non-Mining Assets and share in the respective costs. Although SMM does not have sufficient equity at risk and accordingly is a VIE under paragraph 5(a) of FIN 46R, Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, we are not the primary beneficiary of SMM. Accordingly, we account for our investment in SMM in accordance with the equity method.
Our 30 percent ownership interest in Amapá, in which we do not have control but have the ability to exercise significant influence over operating and financial policies, is accounted for under the equity method. Accordingly, our share of the results from Amapá is reflected as Equity loss from ventures on the Statements of Consolidated Operations. The financial information of Amapá included in our financial statements is as of and for the periods ended November 30, 2008 and 2007. The earlier cut-off is to allow for sufficient time needed by Amapá to properly close and prepare complete financial information, including consolidating and eliminating entries, conversion to U.S. GAAP and review and approval by the Company. There were no intervening transactions or events which materially affect Amapá’s financial position or results of operations that were not reflected in our year-end financial statements.
On September 11, 2008, we announced a strategic alliance and subscription and option agreement with AusQuest, a diversified Australian exploration company. Under the agreement reached, we acquired a 30 percent fully diluted interest in AusQuest through a staged issuance of shares and options. Our 30 percent ownership interest in AusQuest, in which we do not have control but have the ability to exercise significant influence over operating and financial policies, is accounted for under the equity method. Accordingly, our share of the results from AusQuest is reflected as Equity loss from ventures on the Statements of Consolidated Operations. The financial information of AusQuest included in our financial statements is as of and for the period from the date of acquisition through November 30, 2008. The earlier cut-off is to allow for sufficient time needed by AusQuest to properly close and prepare complete financial information, including consolidating and eliminating entries, conversion to U.S. GAAP and review and approval by the Company. There were no intervening transactions or events which materially affect AusQuest’s financial position or results of operations that were not reflected in our year-end financial statements. 
 
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Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
The following table presents the detail of our investments in ventures and where those investments are classified on the Statements of Consolidated Financial Position. Parentheses indicate a net liability.

Investment	  	Classification	 	Interest Percentage	  	(In Millions)	 	
	  		 		  	December 31,	 	
	  		 		  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
	  		 		  	2008	 	 	2007	 	
Amapá	  	Investments in ventures	 	30	  	$	266.3	 	 	$	247.2	 	
AusQuest	  	Investments in ventures	 	30	  	 	19.2	 	 	 	—  	 	
Wabush	  	Investments in ventures	 	27	  	 	12.1	 	 	 	5.8	 	
Cockatoo	  	Other liabilities	 	50	  	 	(13.5	)	 	 	(9.9	)	
Hibbing	  	Other liabilities	 	23	  	 	(22.1	)	 	 	(0.3	)	
Other	  	Investments in ventures	 		  	 	7.7	 	 	 	12.3	 	
	  		 		  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
	  		 		  	$	269.7	 	 	$	255.1	 	
	  		 		  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Revenue Recognition
North American Iron Ore
Revenue is recognized on the sale of products when title to the product has transferred to the customer in accordance with the specified provisions of each term supply agreement and all applicable criteria for revenue recognition have been satisfied. Most of our North American Iron Ore term supply agreements provide that title and risk of loss transfer to the customer when payment is received. This is a practice utilized to reduce our financial risk due to customer insolvency but is not believed to be widely used throughout the industry.
We recognize revenue based on the gross amount billed to a customer as we earn revenue from the sale of the goods or services. Revenue from product sales also includes reimbursement for freight charges paid on behalf of customers in Freight and Venture Partners’ Cost Reimbursements separate from product revenue, in accordance with EITF 00-10, Accounting for Shipping and Handling Fees and Costs.
The mining ventures function as captive cost companies; they supply product only to their owners effectively on a cost basis. Accordingly, the minority interests’ revenue amounts are stated at cost of production and are offset in entirety by an equal amount included in cost of goods sold resulting in no sales margin reflected in minority interest participants. As we are responsible for product fulfillment, we retain the risks and rewards of a principal in the transaction and accordingly record revenue under these arrangements on a gross basis in accordance with EITF 99-19, Reporting Revenue Gross as a Principal Versus Net as an Agent , in Freight and Venture Partners’ Cost Reimbursements .
The following table is a summary of reimbursements in our North American Iron Ore operations for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006:

 	  	(In Millions)	
 	  	Year Ended December 31,	
 	  	2008	  	2007	  	2006	
Reimbursements for:	  			  			  			
Freight	  	$	98.5	  	$	78.3	  	$	70.4	
Venture partners’ cost	  	 	170.8	  	 	197.3	  	 	182.2	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	
Total reimbursements	  	$	269.3	  	$	275.6	  	$	252.6	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	
Under some term supply agreements, we ship the product to ports on the lower Great Lakes or to the customer’s facilities prior to the transfer of title. Our rationale for shipping iron ore products to some customers and retaining title until payment is received for these products is to minimize credit risk exposure. In addition,
 
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Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
certain supply agreements with one customer include provisions for supplemental revenue or refunds based on the customer’s annual steel pricing for the year the product is consumed in the customer’s blast furnaces. We account for this provision as a derivative instrument at the time of sale and record this provision at fair value until the year the product is consumed and the amounts are settled as an adjustment to revenue.
We have long-term supply agreements with several North American Iron Ore customers which include take-or-pay provisions that require the customer to purchase a specified number of tons of pellets each calendar year. In order to comply with the take-or-pay provisions of their existing long-term supply agreements, certain of our customers purchased and paid for approximately 0.3 million tons of iron ore pellets in stockpiles at the end of 2008. The customers requested via a fixed shipping schedule that we delay shipment of the iron ore until 2009, when the Great Lakes waterways re-open for shipping. We recorded revenue of $25.4 million in the fourth quarter of 2008 related to these transactions. This compares to $87 million of revenue recorded under similar arrangements in the fourth quarter of 2007.
Where we are joint venture participants in the ownership of a mine, our contracts entitle us to receive royalties and/or management fees, which we earn as the pellets are produced. Revenue is recognized on the sale of services when the services are performed.
North American Coal
We recognize revenue when title passes to the customer. For domestic coal sales, this generally occurs when coal is loaded into rail cars at the mine. For export coal sales, this generally occurs when coal is loaded into the vessels at the terminal. Revenue from product sales in 2008 and 2007 included reimbursement for freight charges paid on behalf of customers of $45.0 million and $2.3 million, respectively. Amounts reported for 2007 are for the five months ended December 31, 2007 since the July 31, 2007 date of acquisition.
Asia Pacific Iron Ore
Sales revenue is recognized at the F.O.B. point, which is generally when the product is loaded into the vessel.
Deferred Revenue
In 2008, the terms of one of our North American Iron Ore pellet supply agreements require a prepayment by the customer for one estimated weekly shipment of pellets in addition to the amount of the bi-weekly invoice for shipments previously made. In 2007, the terms of the agreement required semi-monthly installments equaling 1/24th of the estimated total purchase value of the calendar-year nomination. In both years, revenue related to this supply agreement has been recognized when title transfers upon shipment of the pellets. Installment amounts received in excess of sales totaled $14.6 million, which were recorded as Deferred revenue on the Statements of Consolidated Financial Position at December 31, 2007. As of December 31, 2008 all revenue related to the supply agreement has been recognized.
In 2008, certain customers purchased and paid for 1.2 million tons of pellets in order to meet minimum contractual purchase requirements under the terms of take-or-pay contracts. The inventory was stored at our facilities in upper lakes stockpiles. At the request of the customers, the ore was not shipped. We considered whether revenue should be recognized on these sales under the “bill and hold” guidance provided in SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104 Topic 13; however, since a fixed shipment schedule was not established prior to year-end, revenue recognition on these transactions, totaling $82.9 million, was deferred on the December 31, 2008 Statements of Consolidated Financial Position and will be recognized upon shipment.
Two of our North American Iron Ore customers purchased and paid for approximately 1.5 million tons of iron ore pellets in stockpiles in the fourth quarter of 2007. The customers requested the Company to not ship the iron ore pellets until the spring of 2008 under a fixed shipment schedule, when the Great Lakes waterways
 
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re-opened for shipping. Freight revenue related to these transactions of $13.8 million was deferred on the Statements of Consolidated Financial Position at December 31, 2007 and subsequently recognized in 2008 upon shipment. First and second quarter 2008 freight revenues included $5.3 million and $8.5 million, respectively, related to the shipment of 0.6 million and 0.9 million respective tons of pellets from the stockpiles.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements, in conformity with GAAP, requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from estimates. On an ongoing basis, management reviews estimates. Changes in facts and circumstances may alter such estimates and affect results of operations and financial position in future periods.
Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand and in the bank as well as all short-term securities held for the primary purpose of general liquidity. We consider investments in highly liquid debt instruments with an original maturity of three months or less from the date of acquisition to be cash equivalents. We routinely monitor and evaluate counterparty credit risk related to the financial institutions by which our short-term investment securities are held.
Marketable Securities
Our marketable securities are classified as either held-to-maturity or available-for-sale. We account for marketable securities in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 115, Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities (“SFAS 115”). SFAS 115 addresses the accounting and reporting for investments in fixed maturity securities and for equity securities with readily determinable fair values. We determine the appropriate classification of debt and equity securities at the time of purchase and re-evaluate such designation as of each balance sheet date. In addition, we review our investments on an ongoing basis for indications of possible impairment. We review impairments in accordance with FSP SFAS 115-1 and 124-1, The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to Certain Investments, to determine the classification of the impairment as temporary or other-than-temporary. Once identified, the determination of whether the impairment is temporary or other-than-temporary requires significant judgment. The primary factors that we consider in classifying the impairment include the extent and time the fair value of each investment has been below cost. If a decline in fair value is judged other than temporary, the basis of the individual security is written down to fair value as a new cost basis, and the amount of the write-down is included as a realized loss.
In 2008, we recorded impairment charges of $25.1 million related to declines in the fair value of our available-for-sale securities which we concluded were other than temporary. As of December 31, 2008, our investments in PolyMet and Golden West had fair values totaling $6.2 million and $4.7 million, respectively, compared with a cost of $14.2 million and $21.8 million, respectively. The metals and mining industry and our investees are susceptible to changes in the U.S. and global economies and the industries of their customers. Their businesses have been adversely affected by the slowdown of the global economy, particularly during the last quarter of 2008 when our investments became impaired. The severity of the impairments in relation to the carrying amounts of the individual investments is consistent with the macroeconomic market and industry developments. However, we have evaluated the near-term prospects of the issuers in relation to the severity and rapid decline in the fair value of each of these investments, and based upon that evaluation, we could not reasonably assert that the impairment period would be temporary primarily as a result of the global economic crisis and the corresponding uncertainties in the market. Refer to NOTE 4 – MARKETABLE SECURITIES for further information.
 
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Derivative Financial Instruments
The following table presents the fair value of our derivative instruments and the classification of each on the Statements of Consolidated Financial Position as of December 31, 2008 and 2007:

 	  	(In Millions)	
 	  	Derivative Assets	  	Derivative Liabilities	
Derivative
Instrument	  	Balance Sheet
Location	  	Fair Value	  	Balance Sheet
Location	 	Fair Value	
	  		  	2008	  	2007	  		 	2008	  	2007	
Foreign Exchange Contracts	  	Derivative assets	  	$	0.3	  	$	15.7	  	Derivative liabilities
(current)	 	$	77.5	  	$	—  	
	  	Deposits and
miscellaneous	  	 	0.6	  	 	5.9	  	Derivative liabilities
(long-term)	 	 	34.3	  	 	—  	
Customer Supply Agreements	  	Derivative assets	  	 	76.6	  	 	53.8	  		 	 	—  	  	 	—  	
Discount Pricing Provision	  		  	 	—  	  	 	—  	  	Derivative liabilities
(current)	 	 	7.7	  	 	—  	
United Taconite Purchase Provision	  		  	 	—  	  	 	—  	  	Derivative liabilities
(current)	 	 	106.5	  	 	—  	
Interest Rate Swap	  		  	 	—  	  	 	—  	  	Derivative liabilities
(current)	 	 	2.6	  	 	1.4	
	  		  	 	 	  	 	 	  		 	 	 	  	 	 	
Total Derivatives	  		  	$	77.5	  	$	75.4	  		 	$	228.6	  	$	1.4	
	  		  	 	 	  	 	 	  		 	 	 	  	 	 	
Our Asia Pacific operations receive funds in United States currency for their iron ore and coal sales. We use forward exchange contracts, call options, collar options and convertible collar options to hedge our foreign currency exposure for a portion of our sales receipts. United States currency is converted to Australian dollars at the currency exchange rate in effect at the time of the transaction. The primary objective for the use of these instruments is to reduce exposure to changes in Australian and United States currency exchange rates and to protect against undue adverse movement in these exchange rates. Effective July 1, 2008, we discontinued hedge accounting for these derivatives, but continue to hold these instruments as economic hedges to manage currency risk. At December 31, 2008, we had approximately $869.0 million of outstanding exchange rate contracts in the form of call options, collar options, convertible collar options and forward exchange contracts with varying maturity dates ranging from January 2009 to August 2011. 
Upon de-designation of these cash flow hedges, the instruments are prospectively marked to fair value each reporting period through Changes in fair value of derivative instruments, net on the Statements of Consolidated Operations. In 2008 the mark-to-market adjustments resulted in a net unrealized loss of $188.2 million, based on a spot rate of 0.69 at December 31, 2008. The amounts that were previously recorded as a component of Other comprehensive income are reclassified to earnings and a corresponding realized gain or loss is recognized upon settlement of the related contracts. Since the July 1, 2008 date of de-designation, we reclassified a $25.0 million gain out of Accumulated other comprehensive loss related to contracts that settled during the period, which was recorded as Product revenues on the Statements of Consolidated Operations for the year ended December 31, 2008. In 2008, 2007 and 2006, ineffectiveness resulting in an $8.6 million loss, a $17.0 million loss, and a $2.7 million gain, respectively, was recorded in Miscellaneous — net on the Statements of Consolidated Operations. As of December 31, 2008, approximately $19.0 million of gains remains in Accumulated other comprehensive loss related to the effective cash flow hedge contracts prior to de-designation. Of this amount, we estimate $14.9 million will be reclassified to Product revenues in the next 12 months upon settlement of the related contracts. 
The purchase agreement for the acquisition of the remaining 30 percent interest in United Taconite contains a penalty provision in the event the 1.2 million tons of pellets, included as part of the purchase consideration, are not delivered by a specified date. The penalty provision, which is not a fixed amount or a fixed amount per unit, causes net settlement in this arrangement, and therefore causes the obligation to be accounted for as a derivative 
 
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instrument, which is based on the future Eastern Canadian pellet price. The instrument is marked to fair value each reporting period until the pellets are delivered and the amounts are settled. A derivative liability of $106.5 million, representing the fair value of the pellets that have not yet been delivered, was recorded as current Derivative liabilities on the Statement of Consolidated Financial Position at December 31, 2008. Refer to NOTE 2 — ACQUISITIONS, DIVESTITURES & OTHER INVESTMENTS and NOTE 11 — FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS for further information. 
Most of our North American Iron Ore long-term supply agreements are comprised of a base price with annual price adjustment factors. These price adjustment factors vary based on the agreement but typically include adjustments based upon changes in international pellet prices, changes in specified Producers Price Indices including those for all commodities, industrial commodities, energy and steel. The adjustments generally operate in the same manner, with each factor typically comprising a portion of the price adjustment, although the weighting of each factor varies based upon the specific terms of each agreement. One of our term supply agreements contains price collars, which typically limit the percentage increase or decrease in prices for our iron ore pellets during any given year. In most cases, these adjustment factors have not been finalized at the time our product is sold; we routinely estimate these adjustment factors. The price adjustment factors have been evaluated to determine if they contain embedded derivatives. We evaluated the embedded derivatives in the supply agreements in accordance with the provisions of SFAS, 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, as amended by SFAS 138, Accounting for Certain Derivative Instruments and Certain Hedging Activities — an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133. The price adjustment factors share the same economic characteristics and risks as the host contract and are integral to the host contract as inflation adjustments; accordingly they have not been separately valued as derivative instruments. 
Certain supply agreements with one North American Iron Ore customer provide for supplemental revenue or refunds based on the customer’s average annual steel pricing at the time the product is consumed in the customer’s blast furnace. The supplemental pricing is characterized as an embedded derivative and is required to be accounted for separately from the base contract price. The embedded derivative instrument, which is finalized based on a future price, is marked to fair value as a revenue adjustment each reporting period until the pellets are consumed and the amounts are settled. We recognized $225.5 million, $98.3 million, and $107.9 in 2008, 2007, and 2006 respectively, as Product revenues on the Statements of Consolidated Operations related to the supplemental payments. Derivative assets, representing the fair value of the pricing factors, were $76.6 million and $53.8 million, respectively, on the December 31, 2008 and 2007 Statements of Consolidated Financial Position.
Certain supply agreements primarily with our Asia Pacific Iron Ore customers provide for revenue or refunds based on the ultimate settlement of annual international benchmark pricing provisions. The pricing provisions are characterized as freestanding derivatives and are required to be accounted for separately once iron ore is shipped. The derivative instrument, which is settled and billed once the annual international benchmark price is settled, is marked to fair value as a revenue adjustment each reporting period based upon the estimated forward settlement until the benchmark is actually settled. The fair value of the instrument is determined based on the forward price expectation of the annual international benchmark price. We recognized $160.6 million as Product revenues on the Statement of Consolidated Operations for the year ended December 31, 2008, related to the 2008 pricing provisions. The derivative instrument was settled during the second quarter of 2008 upon settlement of annual international benchmark prices, and is therefore not reflected on the Statement of Consolidated Financial Position at December 31, 2008.
In the fourth quarter of 2008, we negotiated additional sales with certain of our Asia Pacific Iron Ore customers who had previously fulfilled their 2008 purchase commitments under current year contracts and required additional tonnage. In response to the economic downturn and its impact on the global steel industry, we agreed that the provisional pricing for these shipments would be at a discount to 2008 benchmark prices to reflect the decline in steel demand and prices, with final pricing being based upon 2009 benchmark prices once they are settled. The discount pricing provisions are characterized as freestanding derivatives and are required to be
 
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accounted for separately once the iron ore is shipped. The derivative instrument, which is settled and billed once the 2009 international benchmark price is settled, is marked to fair value as a revenue adjustment each reporting period based upon the estimated forward settlement until the benchmark is actually settled. We recognized approximately $34.3 million as Product revenues on the Statement of Consolidated Operations for the year ended December 31, 2008, related to the shipment of approximately 0.4 million tonnes under these pricing provisions. As of December 31, 2008, the 2009 international benchmark prices have not yet settled. Therefore, we have recorded approximately $7.7 million as current Derivative liabilities on the Statement of Consolidated Financial Position at December 31, 2008.
In the normal course of business, we enter into forward contracts designated as normal purchases, for the purchase of commodities, primarily natural gas and diesel fuel, which are used in our North American Iron Ore operations. Such contracts are in quantities expected to be delivered and used in the production process and are not intended for resale or speculative purposes.
Effective October 19, 2007, we entered into a $100 million fixed interest rate swap to convert a portion of our floating rate debt to fixed rate debt. Interest on borrowings under our credit facility is based on a floating rate, dependent in part on the LIBOR rate, exposing us to the effects of interest rate changes. The objective of the hedge is to eliminate the variability of cash flows in interest payments for forecasted floating rate debt, attributable to changes in benchmark LIBOR interest rates. The changes in the cash flows of the interest rate swap are expected to offset the changes in the cash flows attributable to fluctuations in benchmark LIBOR interest rates for forecasted floating rate debt.
To support hedge accounting, we designate floating-to-fixed interest rate swaps as cash flow hedges of the variability of future cash flows at the inception of the swap contract. In accordance with SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities , the fair value of our outstanding hedges is recorded as an asset or liability on the consolidated balance sheet. Ineffectiveness is measured quarterly based on the “hypothetical derivative” method from Implementation Issue G7, Measuring the Ineffectiveness of a Cash Flow Hedge of Interest Rate Risk under Paragraph 30(b) When the Shortcut Method Is Not Applied . Accordingly, the calculation of ineffectiveness involves a comparison of the fair value of the interest rate swap and the fair value of a hypothetical swap, which has terms that are identical to the hedged item. To the extent the change in the mark-to-market on the hedge is equal to or less than the change in the mark-to-market on the hypothetical derivative, then the entire change is recorded in Other Comprehensive Income . If the change is greater, the ineffective portion will be recognized immediately in income. The amount charged to Other comprehensive income for 2008 and 2007 was $1.2 million and $0.9 million, respectively. Derivative liabilities of $2.6 million and $1.4 million were recorded on the Statements of Consolidated Financial Position as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. There was no ineffectiveness recorded for the  interest rate swap in 2008 or 2007.
Inventories
The following table presents the detail of our Inventories on the Statements of Consolidated Financial Position at December 31, 2008 and 2007:

 	  	(In Millions)	
 	  	2008	  	2007	
Segment	  	Finished
Goods	  	Work-in
Process	  	Total
Inventory	  	Finished
Goods	  	Work-in
Process	  	Total
Inventory	
North American Iron Ore	  	$	135.3	  	$	13.5	  	$	148.8	  	$	114.3	  	$	16.5	  	$	130.8	
North American Coal	  	 	15.0	  	 	6.7	  	 	21.7	  	 	8.3	  	 	0.8	  	 	9.1	
Asia Pacific Iron Ore	  	 	30.6	  	 	55.1	  	 	85.7	  	 	30.2	  	 	71.8	  	 	102.0	
Other	  	 	6.6	  	 	2.6	  	 	9.2	  	 	—  	  	 	—  	  	 	—  	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	
Total	  	$	187.5	  	$	77.9	  	$	265.4	  	$	152.8	  	$	89.1	  	$	241.9	

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North American Iron Ore
North American Iron Ore product inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost of iron ore inventories is determined using the LIFO method. The excess of current cost over LIFO cost of iron ore inventories was $84.5 million and $58.4 million at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. As of December 31, 2008, the product inventory balance for North American Iron Ore increased to $135.3 million, resulting in an additional LIFO layer being added in the current year. This was primarily attributable to the fact that we received cash payment for approximately 24 million tons of iron ore sales in 2008; however, due to the timing of shipping schedules with certain customers, we deferred revenue recognition for approximately 1.2 million tons of iron ore until the product is delivered in 2009. Therefore, the product remains recorded in our inventory as of December 31, 2008. During 2007, the inventory balance declined, causing liquidation of LIFO layers.
We had approximately 0.4 million tons and 0.8 million tons stored at ports on the lower Great Lakes to service customers at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. We maintain ownership of the inventories until title has transferred to the customer, usually when payment is made. Maintaining iron ore products at ports on the lower Great Lakes reduces risk of non-payment by customers, as we retain title to the product until payment is received from the customer. It also assists the customers by more closely relating the timing of the customer’s payments for the product to the customer’s consumption of the products and by providing a portion of the three-month supply of inventories of iron ore the customers require during the winter when product shipments are curtailed over the Great Lakes. We track the movement of the inventory and verify the quantities on hand.
North American Coal
At acquisition, the fair value of PinnOak’s inventory was determined utilizing estimated selling price less costs to sell. In the second quarter of 2008, we finalized the purchase price allocation related to the PinnOak acquisition. Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost of coal inventories includes labor, supplies and operating overhead and related costs and is calculated using the average production cost. We maintain ownership until coal is loaded into rail cars at the mine for domestic sales and until loaded in the vessels at the terminal for export sales.
Asia Pacific Iron Ore
Asia Pacific Iron Ore product inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Costs, including an appropriate portion of fixed and variable overhead expenses, are assigned to the inventory on hand by the method most appropriate to each particular class of inventory, with the majority being valued on a weighted average basis. We maintain ownership of the inventories until title has transferred to the customer at the F.O.B. point, which is generally when the product is loaded into the vessel.
Iron Ore and Coal Reserves
We review iron ore and coal reserves based on current expectations of revenues and costs, which are subject to change. Iron ore and coal reserves include only proven and probable quantities which can be economically and legally mined and processed utilizing existing technology.
 
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Property, Plant and Equipment
North American Iron Ore
North American Iron Ore properties are stated at cost. Depreciation of plant and equipment is computed principally by the straight-line method based on estimated useful lives, not to exceed the estimated economic iron ore reserves. Depreciation is provided over the following estimated useful lives:

Asset Class	  	Basis	  	Life	
Buildings	  	Straight line	  	45 Years	
Mining equipment	  	Straight line	  	10 to 20 Years	
Processing equipment	  	Straight line	  	15 to 45 Years	
Information technology	  	Straight line	  	2 to 7 Years	
Depreciation is not curtailed when operations are temporarily idled.
North American Coal
North American Coal properties are stated at cost. Depreciation is provided over the estimated useful lives, not to exceed the mine lives and is calculated by the straight-line method. Depreciation is provided over the following estimated useful lives:

Asset Class	  	Basis	  	Life	
Buildings	  	Straight line	  	30 Years	
Mining equipment	  	Straight line	  	2 to 12 Years	
Processing equipment	  	Straight line	  	2 to 10 Years	
Information technology	  	Straight line	  	2 to 3 Years	
Asia Pacific Iron Ore
Our Asia Pacific Iron Ore properties are stated at cost. Depreciation at Portman is calculated by the straight-line method or production output basis provided over the following estimated useful lives:

Asset Class	  	Basis	  	Life	
Plant and equipment	  	Straight line	  	5 -13 Years	
Plant and equipment and mine assets	  	Production output	  	12 Years	
Motor vehicles, furniture & equipment	  	Straight line	  	3 - 5 Years	
 
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The following table indicates the value of each of the major classes of our consolidated depreciable assets as of December 31, 2008 and 2007:

 	  	(In Millions)
December 31,	 	
 	  	2008 (1)	 	 	2007	 	
Land rights and mineral rights	  	$	1,731.0	 	 	$	1,174.3	 	
Office and information technology	  	 	37.8	 	 	 	39.0	 	
Buildings	  	 	65.3	 	 	 	57.3	 	
Mining equipment	  	 	248.5	 	 	 	221.1	 	
Processing equipment	  	 	421.6	 	 	 	244.0	 	
Railroad equipment	  	 	70.9	 	 	 	103.3	 	
Electric power facilities	  	 	57.1	 	 	 	54.1	 	
Port facilities	  	 	87.5	 	 	 	76.6	 	
Interest capitalized during construction	  	 	19.7	 	 	 	19.1	 	
Land improvements	  	 	20.4	 	 	 	10.1	 	
Other	  	 	25.4	 	 	 	32.7	 	
Construction in progress	  	 	120.0	 	 	 	123.2	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
	  	 	2,905.2	 	 	 	2,154.8	 	
Allowance for depreciation and depletion	  	 	(449.1	)	 	 	(330.9	)	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
	  	$	2,456.1	 	 	$	1,823.9	 	

(1)	We are in the process of evaluating purchase accounting related to the 2008 acquisition of the remaining interests in Portman and United Taconite. Therefore, allocation of each purchase price to property, plant and equipment and the related depreciation is preliminary and subject to modification in the future.	
Depreciation expense and amortization of capitalized interest for 2008, 2007 and 2006 were as follows:

 	  	(In Millions)	
 	  	2008	  	2007	  	2006	
Depreciation	  	$	113.5	  	$	69.3	  	$	42.7	
Capitalized interest	  	 	5.6	  	 	2.0	  	 	2.0	
The costs capitalized and classified as Land rights and mineral rights represent lands where we own the surface and/or mineral rights. The value of the land rights is split between surface only, surface and minerals, and minerals only.
Our North American Coal operation leases coal mining rights from a third party through lease agreements that extend through the earlier of July 1, 2023 or until all merchantable and mineable coal has been extracted. Our interest in coal reserves and resources was valued using a discounted cash flow method. The fair value was estimated based upon the present value of the expected future cash flows from coal operations over the life of the reserves.
Our Asia Pacific Iron Ore operation’s interest in iron ore reserves and resources was valued using a discounted cash flow method. The fair value was estimated based upon the present value of the expected future cash flows from iron ore operations over the economic lives of the mines.
 
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The net book value of the land rights and mineral rights as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 is as follows:

 	  	(In Millions)
December 31,	
 	  	2008 (1)	  	2007	
Land rights	  	$	29.0	  	$	16.6	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	
Mineral rights:	  			  			
Cost	  	$	1,702.0	  	$	1,157.7	
Less depletion	  	 	139.3	  	 	97.3	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	
Net mineral rights	  	$	1,562.7	  	$	1,060.4	

(1)	We are in the process of evaluating purchase accounting related to the 2008 acquisition of the remaining interests in Portman and United Taconite. Therefore, allocation of each purchase price to mineral rights and the related depletion is preliminary and subject to modification in the future.	
Accumulated depletion relating to mineral rights, which was recorded using the unit-of-production method, is included in Allowances for depreciation and depletion .
Assets Held for Sale
We consider businesses to be held for sale when management approves and commits to a formal plan to actively market a business for sale. Upon designation as held for sale, the carrying value of the assets of the business are recorded at the lower of their carrying value or their estimated fair value, less costs to sell. The Company ceases to record depreciation expense at that time.
Preferred Stock
In January 2004, we issued 172,500 shares of redeemable cumulative convertible perpetual preferred stock, without par value, at $1,000 per share. The preferred stock pays quarterly cash dividends at a rate of 3.25 percent per annum and can be converted into our common shares at an adjusted rate of 133.0646 common shares per share of preferred stock. The preferred stock is classified as “temporary equity” reflecting certain provisions of the agreement that could, under remote circumstances, require us to redeem the preferred stock for cash. Refer to NOTE 13 — CAPITAL STOCK for further information.
Asset Impairment
Long-Lived Assets and Intangible Assets
We monitor conditions that may affect the carrying value of our long-lived and intangible assets when events and circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the assets may be impaired. We determine impairment based on the asset’s ability to generate cash flow greater than the carrying value of the asset, using an undiscounted probability-weighted analysis. If projected undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying value of the asset, the asset is adjusted to its fair value.
Various factors in 2008 related to our North American Coal segment, primarily adverse mining conditions and production delays, have contributed to negative sales margins and outlook projections reflecting reduced revenues and increased costs on a per ton basis compared with amounts previously projected for 2008. Additional costs have also been incurred for repairs and maintenance as a result of mechanical problems caused by adverse geological conditions, delays associated with equipment replacements and availability of experienced mining personnel. However, these operational factors are primarily attributable to the recent acquisition of the business and are deemed to be short-term in nature. In addition, over the past several months, significant changes have taken place in the North American and global economy. In the third quarter of 2008, these changes also began to
 
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impact the global steel industry. As part of that industry, we have started to see the adverse effects of the economy and how it may impact our business with respect to declines in customer demand and future pricing projections.
Based upon each of these factors, most notably the recent decline in the steel industry and resulting impact on future pricing projections, we determined that indicators of impairment may exist, and accordingly, evaluated impairment of long-lived assets for our North American Coal segment in the fourth quarter of 2008 under the provisions of SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets . Based on this assessment, indicators of impairment were apparent relative to the operations of our Oak Grove mine based on projected losses associated with the use of the long-lived assets at this location. As a result, our evaluation included performing a test for recoverability specific to the assets of Oak Grove based on the ability of the assets to generate cash flow greater than the carrying value of the assets, using an undiscounted probability-weighted analysis. The results of this analysis have indicated that the projected undiscounted cash flows directly associated with the assets exceed the carrying value of the assets. In particular, the operational factors and additional costs addressed above are believed to be short term in nature based upon the recent acquisition of the business. In addition, we continue to observe and monitor the declines in pricing and the potential impact on our business as a result of the recent economic downturn in the industry. While pricing is projected to be significantly lower than early 2008 spot rates in the market, we expect pricing to continue at a rate higher than we have historically realized at our North American Coal segment. Therefore, future operations at our Oak Grove mine are expected to generate sufficient cash flows to support the recovery of the carrying value of its long-lived assets.
Equity Investments
In accordance with APB Opinion 18, The Equity Method of Accounting for Investments in Common Stock , we evaluate the loss in value of our equity method investments each reporting period to determine whether the loss is other than temporary. The primary factors that we consider in evaluating the impairment include the extent and time the fair value of each investment has been below cost, the financial condition and near-term prospects of the investment, and our intent and ability to hold the investment to recovery. If a decline in fair value is judged other than temporary, the basis of the investment is written down to fair value as a new cost basis, and the amount of the write-down is included as a realized loss.
Our investment in Amapá resulted in an equity loss of $35.1 million in 2008 compared with a loss of $11.2 million in 2007. Based upon the increase in equity losses resulting from start-up costs and production delays in 2008, we determined that indicators of impairment may exist relative to our investment in Amapá. Accordingly, we performed an assessment of the potential impairment of our investment during the fourth quarter of 2008 using a discounted cash flow model to determine the fair value of our investment in relation to its carrying value as of December 31, 2008. Based upon the analysis performed, we have determined that our investment is not impaired. In addition, we will continue to evaluate the results of our investment on a quarterly basis while monitoring the declines in pricing and the potential impact on our business as a result of the recent economic downturn in the industry.
In 2008, we made an initial investment of $18.0 million (A$26 million) to acquire a 30 percent interest in AusQuest, a publicly-traded minerals exploration company in Australia whose shares are traded on the ASX. Our 30 percent ownership interest in AusQuest, in which we do not have control but have the ability to exercise significant influence over operating and financial policies, is accounted for under the equity method. As a result of the global credit crisis and weakening economy, the market price declined to $0.07 per share (A$0.10 per share) at December 31, 2008 compared with our average cost upon purchase of $0.28 per share (A$0.40 per share). As a result of the decline in fair value, we performed an assessment of the impairment of our investment during the fourth quarter of 2008 to determine whether the loss was considered other than temporary. The severity of the impairments in relation to the carrying amounts of the individual investments was deemed to be consistent with the macroeconomic market and industry developments. In addition, we have evaluated the near-term prospects of AusQuest in relation to the severity and duration of the impairment. Based upon that evaluation
 
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and our intent and ability to hold the investment for a reasonable period of time sufficient for a forecasted recovery of fair value, we do not consider the investment to be other than temporarily impaired at December 31, 2008.
Repairs and Maintenance
Repairs, maintenance and replacement of components are expensed as incurred. The cost of major power plant overhauls is deferred and amortized over the estimated useful life, which is the period until the next scheduled overhaul, generally five years. All other planned and unplanned repairs and maintenance costs are expensed when incurred.
Insurance Recoveries
Potential insurance recoveries can relate to property damage, business interruption, including profit recovery, and expenditures to mitigate loss. We account for insurance recoveries under the guidelines established by SFAS 5, Accounting for Contingencies, which indicate that the proceeds from property damage insurance claims are to be recognized only when realization of the claim is probable and only to the extent of loss recoveries. Insurance recoveries that result in a gain, and proceeds from business interruption insurance are recognized when realized in Casualty recoveries in the Statements of Consolidated Operations.
Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits
We offer defined benefit pension plans, defined contribution pension plans and other postretirement benefit plans, primarily consisting of retiree healthcare benefits, to most employees in North America as part of a total compensation and benefits program. This includes employees of PinnOak, who became employees of the Company through the July 2007 acquisition. We do not have employee retirement benefit obligations at our Asia Pacific Iron Ore operations.
Under the provisions of SFAS 158 Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans — an amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, 106, and 132(R), (effective December 31, 2006), we recognized the funded status of our postretirement benefit obligations on our December 31, 2008 and 2007 Statements of Consolidated Financial Position based on the market value of plan assets and the actuarial present value of our retirement obligations on that date. For each plan, we determine if the plan assets exceed the benefit obligations or vice-versa. If the plan assets exceed the retirement obligations, the amount of the surplus is recorded as an asset; if the retirement obligations exceed the plan assets, the amount of the underfunded obligations are recorded as a liability. Year-end balance sheet adjustments to postretirement assets and obligations are charged to other comprehensive income. 
The market value of plan assets is measured at the year-end balance sheet date. The PBO is determined based upon an actuarial estimate of the present value of pension benefits to be paid to current employees and retirees. The APBO represents an actuarial estimate of the present value of OPEB benefits to be paid to current employees and retirees.
The actuarial estimates of the PBO and APBO retirement obligations incorporate various assumptions including the discount rates, the rates of increases in compensation, healthcare cost trend rates, mortality, retirement timing and employee turnover. The discount rate is determined based on the prevailing year-end rates for high-grade corporate bonds with a duration matching the expected cash flow timing of the benefit payments from the various plans. The remaining assumptions are based on our estimates of future events incorporating historical trends and future expectations. The amount of net periodic cost that is recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Operations consists of several components including service cost, interest cost, expected return on plan assets, and amortization of previously unrecognized amounts. Service cost represents the value of the benefits earned in the current year by the participants. Interest cost represents the cost associated with the passage
 
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of time. In addition, the net periodic cost is affected by the anticipated income from the return on invested assets, as well as the income or expense resulting from the recognition of previously deferred items. Certain items, such as plan amendments, gains and/or losses resulting from differences between actual and assumed results for demographic and economic factors affecting the obligations and assets of the plans, and changes in plan assumptions are subject to deferred recognition for income and expense purposes. The expected return on plan assets is determined utilizing the weighted average of expected returns for plan asset investments in various asset categories based on historical performance, adjusted for current trends. See NOTE 9 — PENSIONS AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS for further information.
Income Taxes
Income taxes are based on income for financial reporting purposes calculated using our expected annual effective rate and reflect a current tax liability or asset for the estimated taxes payable or recoverable on the current year tax return and expected annual changes in deferred taxes. Any interest or penalties on income tax are recognized as a component of income tax expense. 
We account for income taxes under the asset and liability method, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between the financial statements and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.
Under the provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (“FIN 48”), which we adopted effective January 1, 2007, we record net deferred tax assets to the extent we believe these assets will more likely than not be realized. In making such determination, we consider all available positive and negative evidence, including scheduled reversals of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, tax planning strategies and recent financial results of operations. In the event we were to determine that we would be able to realize our deferred income tax assets in the future in excess of their net recorded amount, we would make an adjustment to the valuation allowance which would reduce the provision for income taxes. See NOTE 10 — INCOME TAXES for further information.
Asset Retirement Obligations
Asset retirement obligations are recognized when incurred and recorded as liabilities at fair value. The fair value of the liability is determined as the discounted value of the expected future cash flow. The asset retirement obligation is accreted over time through periodic charges to earnings. In addition, the asset retirement cost is capitalized as part of the asset’s carrying value and amortized over the life of the related asset. Reclamation costs are periodically adjusted to reflect changes in the estimated present value resulting from the passage of time and revisions to the estimates of either the timing or amount of the reclamation costs. We review, on an annual basis, unless otherwise deemed necessary, the asset retirement obligation at each mine site in accordance with FASB Statement No. 143, Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations . We perform an in-depth evaluation of the liability every three years in addition to routine annual assessments.
Future remediation costs for inactive mines are accrued based on management’s best estimate at the end of each period of the costs expected to be incurred at a site. Such cost estimates include, where applicable, ongoing maintenance and monitoring costs. Changes in estimates at inactive mines are reflected in earnings in the period an estimate is revised.
Environmental Remediation Costs
We have a formal policy for environmental protection and restoration. Our mining and exploration activities are subject to various laws and regulations governing protection of the environment. We conduct our operations
 
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to protect the public health and environment and believe our operations are in compliance with applicable laws and regulations in all material respects. Our environmental liabilities, including obligations for known environmental remediation exposures at active and closed mining operations and other sites, have been recognized based on the estimated cost of investigation and remediation at each site. If the cost can only be estimated as a range of possible amounts with no specific amount being more likely, the minimum of the range is accrued in accordance with SFAS 5. Future expenditures are not discounted unless the amount and timing of the cash disbursements can be reasonably estimated. It is possible that additional environmental obligations could be incurred, the extent of which cannot be assessed. Potential insurance recoveries have not been reflected in the determination of the liabilities. See NOTE 7 — ENVIRONMENTAL AND MINE CLOSURE OBLIGATIONS for further information.
Share-Based Compensation
Effective January 1, 2006, we adopted the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS 123(R), Share-Based Payment , using the modified prospective transition method. Because we elected to use the modified prospective transition method, results for prior periods have not been restated. Under this transition method, share-based compensation expense for 2006 included compensation expense for all share-based compensation awards granted prior to January 1, 2006 based on the grant date estimated fair value, which is being amortized on a straight-line basis over the remaining service periods of the awards.
Effective January 1, 2006, we made a one-time election to adopt the transition method described in FSP No. FAS 123(R)-3, Transition Election Related to Accounting for the Tax Effects of Share-Based Payment Awards. This election resulted in the reclassification of excess tax benefits as presented in the Statements of Consolidated Cash Flows, from operating activities to financing activities. In March 2005, the SEC issued SAB 107, which provided supplemental implementation guidance for SFAS 123(R). We have applied the provisions of SAB 107 upon our adoption of SFAS 123(R). See NOTE 12 — STOCK COMPENSATION PLANS for information on the impact of our adoption of SFAS 123(R) and the assumptions we use to calculate the fair value of share-based compensation.
Capitalized Stripping Costs
Stripping costs during the development of a mine, before production begins, are capitalized as a part of the depreciable cost of building, developing and constructing a mine. These capitalized costs are amortized over the productive life of the mine using the units of production method. The productive phase of a mine is deemed to have begun when saleable minerals are extracted (produced) from an ore body, regardless of the level of production. The production phase does not commence with the removal of de minimus saleable mineral material that occurs in conjunction with the removal of overburden or waste material for purposes of obtaining access to an ore body. The stripping costs incurred in the production phase of a mine are variable production costs included in the costs of the inventory produced (extracted) during the period that the stripping costs are incurred.
Stripping costs related to expansion of a mining asset of proven and probable reserves are variable production costs that are included in the costs of the inventory produced during the period that the stripping costs are incurred.
Earnings Per Share
We present both basic and diluted EPS amounts. Basic EPS are calculated by dividing income applicable to common shares by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period presented. Diluted EPS are calculated by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares, common share equivalents and convertible preferred stock outstanding during the period, utilizing the treasury share method for employee stock plans. Common share equivalents are excluded from EPS computations in the periods in which they have an anti-dilutive effect. See NOTE 15 — EARNINGS PER SHARE for further information .
 
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Fair Value Measurements
Valuation Hierarchy
SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (“SFAS 157”) establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy for classification of fair value measurements. The valuation hierarchy is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability as of the measurement date.
 
 	•	 	Level 1 – Valuation is based upon quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.	
 
 	•	 	Level 2 – Valuation is based upon quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, or other inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.	
 
 	•	 	Level 3 – Valuation is based upon other unobservable inputs that are significant to the fair value measurement.	
The classification of assets and liabilities within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. Valuation methodologies used for assets and liabilities measured at fair value are as follows:
Cash Equivalents
Where quoted prices are available in an active market, cash equivalents are classified within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. Cash equivalents classified in Level 1 at December 31, 2008 include money market funds. The valuation of these instruments is determined using a market approach and is based upon unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets in active markets. If quoted market prices are not available, then fair values are estimated by using pricing models, quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics, or discounted cash flows. In these instances, the valuation is based upon quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, or other inputs that are observable for substantially the full term of the financial instrument, and the related financial instrument is therefore classified within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy. Level 2 securities include short-term investments such as commercial paper for which the value of each investment is a function of the purchase price, purchase yield, and maturity date.
Marketable Securities
Where quoted prices are available in an active market, marketable securities are classified within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. Marketable securities classified in Level 1 at December 31, 2008 include available-for-sale securities. The valuation of these instruments is determined using a market approach and is based upon unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets in active markets.
Derivative Financial Instruments
Derivative financial instruments valued using financial models that use as their basis readily observable market parameters are classified within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy. Such derivative financial instruments include substantially all of our foreign currency exchange contracts and interest rate swap agreements. Derivative financial instruments that are valued based upon models with significant unobservable market parameters, and that are normally traded less actively, are classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy.
Non-Financial Assets and Liabilities
We have deferred the adoption of SFAS 157 until January 1, 2009 with respect to non-financial assets and liabilities in accordance with the provisions of FSP FAS 157-2. Items that are recognized or disclosed at fair value for which we have not applied the provisions of SFAS 157 include asset retirement obligations, guarantees and certain other items. See NOTE 11 — FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS for further information.
 
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Foreign Currency Translation
In accordance with SFAS 52, financial statements of international subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars using the exchange rate at each balance sheet date for assets and liabilities and a weighted average exchange rate for each period for revenues, expenses, gains and losses. Where the local currency is the functional currency, translation adjustments are recorded as Accumulated other comprehensive loss . Where the U.S. dollar is the functional currency, translation adjustments are recorded in the Statements of Consolidated Operations. Income taxes are generally not provided for foreign currency translation adjustments.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In December 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. FAS 132(R)-1, Employers’ Disclosures about Postretirement Benefit Plan Assets . The FSP requires disclosure of additional information about investment allocation, fair values of major categories of assets, the development of fair value measurements, and concentrations of risk. The FSP is effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2009; however, earlier application is permitted. We will adopt the FSP upon its effective date and will report the required disclosures for our fiscal year ending December 31, 2009.
In November 2008, the FASB ratified EITF Issue No. 08-6, Equity method Investment Accounting Considerations (“EITF 08-6”). EITF 08-6 addresses certain effects associated with the impact of SFAS 141R and SFAS 160 on the accounting for equity method investments including initial recognition and measurement and subsequent measurement considerations. The consensus indicates, among other things, that transaction costs for an investment should be included in the cost of the equity method investment, and shares subsequently issued by the equity method investee that reduce the investor’s ownership percentage should be accounted for as if the investor had sold a proportionate share of its investment, with gains or losses recorded through earnings. EITF 08-6 is effective, on a prospective basis, for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008 and interim periods within those fiscal years. We do not expect the implementation of this standard to have a material impact on our consolidated results of operations or financial condition.
In October 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. FAS 157-3, Determining the Fair Value of a Financial Asset When the Market for That Asset Is Not Active , which amends SFAS 157, by clarifying the application of the standard when the market for a financial asset is inactive. Specifically, the FSP clarifies how (1) management’s internal assumptions should be considered in measuring fair value when observable data are not present, (2) observable market information from an inactive market should be taken into account, and (3) the use of broker quotes or pricing services should be considered in assessing the relevance of observable and unobservable data to measure fair value. This FSP was effective immediately upon its October 10, 2008 issuance and applies as well to prior periods for which financial statements have not yet been issued. Revisions resulting from a change in valuation technique are required to be accounted for as a change in estimate. This FSP was applied in our assessment of the fair values of our financial assets and liabilities accounted for under SFAS 157, but did not result in a material change to our fair value measurements or related disclosures at December 31, 2008.
In February 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. FAS 157-1, Application of FASB Statement No. 157 to FASB Statement No. 13 and Other Accounting Pronouncements That Address Fair Value Measurements for Purposes of Lease Classification or Measurement under Statement 13 (“FSP 157-1”). FSP 157-1 amends SFAS 157 to remove certain leasing transactions from its scope. In addition, on February 12, 2008, the FASB issued FSP FAS 157-2, Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157 , which amends SFAS 157 by delaying its effective date by one year for non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities, except for items that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis. This pronouncement was effective upon issuance. We have deferred the adoption of SFAS 157 with respect to all non-financial assets and liabilities in accordance with the provisions of this pronouncement. On January 1, 2009, SFAS 157 will be applied to all other fair value measurements for which the application was deferred under FSP FAS 157-2. We are currently assessing the impact SFAS 157 will have in relation to non-financial assets and liabilities on our consolidated financial statements. See NOTE 11 — FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS for further information.
 
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In May 2008, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 162, The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“SFAS 162”). SFAS 162 identifies the sources of accounting principles and the framework for selecting the principles to be used in the preparation of financial statements of nongovernmental entities that are presented in conformity with U.S. GAAP. SFAS 162 is effective 60 days following the SEC’s approval of the PCAOB’s related amendments to remove the GAAP hierarchy from auditing standards, where it has previously resided. We are evaluating the impact SFAS 162 will have on our consolidated financial statements upon adoption, but do not expect this Statement to result in a material change in current practice.
In April 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. FAS 142-3, Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets . This FSP amends the factors that should be considered in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (“SFAS 142”). The objective of this FSP is to improve the consistency between the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS 142 and the period of expected cash flows used to measure the fair value of the asset under SFAS 141(R), and other U.S. GAAP. This FSP applies to all intangible assets, whether acquired in a business combination or otherwise and shall be effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years and applied prospectively to intangible assets acquired after the effective date. Early adoption is prohibited. We are currently evaluating the impact adoption of this FSP will have on our consolidated financial statements.
In March 2008, the FASB issued Statement No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133, (“SFAS 161”). This Statement amends and expands the disclosure requirements of Statement 133 to provide users of financial statements with an enhanced understanding of how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for under Statement 133 and its related interpretations and how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entity’s financial position, financial performance and cash flows. The new requirements apply to derivative instruments and non-derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedging instruments and related hedged items accounted for under SFAS 133. The Statement is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008. Early application is encouraged. We are currently evaluating the impact adoption of this Statement will have on our consolidated financial statements.
In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements, an amendment of ARB No. 51 . This Statement amends ARB 51 to establish accounting and reporting standards for the noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. SFAS 160 clarifies that a noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary is an ownership interest in the consolidated entity that should be reported as equity in the consolidated financial statements. This Statement is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2008. Earlier adoption is prohibited. We are evaluating the impact of this Statement on our consolidated financial statements.
In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement No. 141 (revised 2007), Business Combinations . This Statement establishes principles and requirements for how the acquirer in a business combination recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree at the acquisition date fair value. SFAS 141(R) requires information to be disclosed to enable users of the financial statements to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination. SFAS 141(R) applies prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. Early adoption is not permitted.
In December 2007, the EITF ratified Issue No. 07-1, Accounting for Collaborative Arrangements, (“EITF 07-1”). The Issue defines collaborative arrangements and establishes reporting requirements for transactions between participants in a collaborative arrangement and between participants in the arrangement and third parties. EITF 07-1 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008 and interim periods within those fiscal years. We are evaluating the impact of this Issue on our consolidated financial statements.
 
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NOTE 2 — ACQUISITIONS, DIVESTITURES & OTHER INVESTMENTS
In accordance with FASB Statement No. 141, Business Combinations (“SFAS 141”), we allocate the cost of acquisitions to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values. The excess of the cost over the fair value of the net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill.
United Taconite
Effective July 1, 2008, we acquired the remaining 30 percent interest in United Taconite. Upon consummation of the purchase, our ownership interest increased from 70 percent to 100 percent. The acquisition of the remaining minority interest was completed in order to strengthen our core North American Iron Ore business. The consolidation of the United Taconite minority interest, together with our Northshore property, represents two wholly-owned iron ore subsidiaries in North America.
The aggregate acquisition price for the remaining interest in United Taconite was approximately $450.7 million, which included cash in the amount of $104.4 million, approximately $165 million of our common shares, and approximately 1.2 million tons of iron ore pellets, valued at $181.3 million, to be provided throughout 2008 and 2009. The value of the iron ore pellets was determined based on estimated iron unit content of 65 percent at the 2008 Eastern Canadian pellet price of approximately $2.33 per iron unit on July 10, 2008.
The purchase agreement included a provision which gave the seller the right to put the common shares back to us for $165 million of cash if the shares were not registered by a specified date. As a result of this provision, a current liability of $165 million was recorded in the third quarter of 2008 as Unregistered common shares issued prior to the shares being registered. The purchase and sale agreement related to the acquisition also provided for a below-market guarantee if our stock value should decline from the date of closing of the transaction to the closing share price on the trading day immediately prior to the date we filed a resale registration statement with the SEC to allow United Mining Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of Laiwu Steel Group, to resell the shares received in the transaction. We were obligated to issue additional shares to compensate United Mining for the decrease. On October 3, 2008, after the close of the market, we issued approximately 2.8 million additional shares to satisfy the below-market guarantee provision of the agreement, thereby increasing the total shares issued in the transaction to approximately 4.3 million. We filed the registration statement for the 4.3 million shares on October 6, 2008, and as a result, the $165 million previously recorded as Unregistered common shares issued was reclassified to Shareholders’ Equity in the fourth quarter and reflected as such on the Statement of Consolidated Financial Position at December 31, 2008.
The Statement of Consolidated Financial Position as of December 31, 2008 reflects the acquisition of the remaining interest in United Taconite, effective July 1, 2008, under the purchase method of accounting in accordance with SFAS 141. The transaction constituted a step acquisition of a non-controlling interest. As of the date of the step acquisition of the minority interest, the then historical cost basis of the minority interest balance was eliminated, and the increased ownership obtained was accounted for by increasing United Taconite’s basis from historical cost to fair value for the portion of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on the 30 percent additional ownership acquired.
 
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We are in the process of conducting a valuation of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed related to the acquisition, most notably, property, plant and equipment, mineral reserves, and sales contracts, and the final allocation will be made when completed. Accordingly, allocation of the purchase price is preliminary and subject to modification in the future. The following represents the preliminary allocation of the aggregate purchase price as of the date of acquisition:

 	  	(In Millions)	 	
Purchase price	  	$	450.7	 	
	  	 	 	 	
Carrying value of net assets acquired	  	$	25.3	 	
Fair value adjustments:	  				
ASSETS	  				
Land	  	 	7.5	 	
Plant and equipment	  	 	90.8	 	
Mineral reserves	  	 	480.6	 	
Intangible assets	  	 	75.4	 	
LIABILITIES	  				
Below market sales contracts	  	 	(228.9	)	
	  	 	 	 	
Fair value of net assets acquired	  	$	450.7	 	
	  	 	 	 	
The intangible assets acquired include $72.3 million and $3.1 million of permits and leases, respectively. See NOTE 3 — INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND LIABILITIES for further information.
Portman Share Repurchase and Buyout
On May 21, 2008, Portman authorized a tender offer to repurchase up to 16.5 million shares, or 9.39 percent of its common stock. At that time, we owned approximately 80.4 percent of the 176 million shares outstanding in Portman and indicated we would not participate in the tender buyback. The tender period closed on June 24, 2008. Under the buyback, 9.8 million fully paid ordinary shares were tendered at a price of $14.10 (A$14.66) per share. The total consideration paid under the buyback was $136.5 million (A$143.3 million). As a result of the buyback, our ownership interest in Portman increased from 80.4 percent to 85.2 percent.
On September 10, 2008, we announced an off-market takeover offer to acquire all of the shares in Portman that we did not already own. The off-market tender offer for Portman Limited closed on November 3, 2008, at which time we had received tenders of Portman shares sufficient to give us a 99.3 percent ownership interest in Portman’s outstanding shares. We subsequently proceeded with a compulsory acquisition of the remaining shares at a purchase price of approximately $348.6 million (A$528.4 million) and at December 31, 2008 had full ownership of Portman. A portion of the purchase price for the acquisition of the remaining interest in Portman was financed through our revolving credit facility. Refer to NOTE 5 — DEBT AND CREDIT FACILITIES for further information.
Each of these transactions constituted a step acquisition of a non-controlling interest. In accordance with SFAS 141, we have accounted for the acquisition of the minority interest in Portman by the purchase method. As a result of each step acquisition, the then historical cost basis of the minority interest balance was reduced to the extent of the percentage interest sold. The increased ownership obtained was then accounted for by increasing Portman’s basis from historical cost to fair value for the portion of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on the additional ownership acquired.
We are in the process of conducting a valuation of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed related to each step acquisition, most notably, inventory, mineral reserves and plant and equipment, and the final allocations will be made when completed. Accordingly, allocation of the purchase price related to each transaction is preliminary and subject to modification in the future.
 
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The following represents the preliminary allocation of the aggregate purchase price paid to acquire both the additional 4.8 percent interest and the remaining 14.8 percent interest in Portman as of each date of acquisition:

 	  	(In Millions)	
Purchase price	  	$	499.9	
	  	 	 	
Carrying value of net assets acquired	  	$	85.6	
Fair value adjustments:	  			
Inventory	  	 	59.1	
Plant and equipment	  	 	18.6	
Mineral reserves	  	 	238.2	
Intangible assets	  	 	40.1	
Deferred tax asset	  	 	58.3	
	  	 	 	
Fair value of net assets acquired	  	$	499.9	
	  	 	 	
The intangible assets acquired represent mining permits associated with Portman’s operations. See NOTE 3 — INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND LIABILITIES for further information. 
While we increased the carrying value of Portman’s net assets upon each step acquisition, under Australian income tax law we could only step up the tax base of Portman’s net assets once we obtained 100 percent ownership of Portman and elected to include the entity in our Australian consolidated income tax return. Upon purchase of the initial 80.4 percent interest and the additional 4.8 percent interest acquired through the share repurchase, we had recorded deferred tax liabilities. However, upon acquisition of the remaining 14.8 percent interest, the overall difference between the carrying value and the tax bases of Portman’s net assets, excluding goodwill, for which amortization is not deductible under Australian income tax laws, resulted in a deferred tax asset. In conjunction with the purchase accounting for the additional 14.8 percent interest, the offset to the deferred tax asset and reversal of the existing deferred tax liability was the elimination of goodwill. Refer to NOTE 10 — INCOME TAXES for further information.
PinnOak
On July 31, 2007, we completed our acquisition of 100 percent of PinnOak, a privately-owned United States producer of high-quality, low-volatile metallurgical coal. The acquisition furthered our growth strategy and expanded our diversification of products for the integrated steel industry. The assets acquired consisted primarily of coal mining rights and mining equipment and are included in our North American Coal segment. The purchase price of PinnOak and its subsidiary operating companies was $450 million in cash, of which $108.4 million was deferred under the initial purchase agreement until December 31, 2009, plus the assumption of approximately $160 million in debt, which was repaid at closing. The deferred portion of the purchase price was discounted using a six percent credit-adjusted risk free rate and was recorded as $96.2 million of Deferred payment on the Statement of Consolidated Financial Position at December 31, 2007. The purchase agreement also included a contingent earn-out, which ranged from $0 to approximately $300 million dependent upon PinnOak’s performance in 2008 and 2009. As a result, a liability was recorded representing the lesser of the maximum amount of contingent consideration or the excess prior to the pro rata allocation of purchase price. The contingent consideration totaled $99.5 million at December 31, 2007.
 
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The Statements of Consolidated Financial Position as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 reflect the acquisition of PinnOak, effective July 31, 2007, under the purchase method of accounting. The total cost of the acquisition had been allocated to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed based upon their estimated fair values at the date of the acquisition. We finalized the purchase price allocation in the second quarter of 2008 as follows:

 	  	(In Millions)	
ASSETS	  			
Current assets	  	$	80.8	
Property, plant and equipment	  	 	156.7	
Mineral rights	  	 	676.5	
Asset held for sale	  	 	14.0	
Other assets	  	 	3.7	
	  	 	 	
Total assets	  	$	931.7	
	  	 	 	
LIABILITIES	  			
Current liabilities	  	$	62.5	
Long-term liabilities	  	 	268.0	
	  	 	 	
Total liabilities	  	 	330.5	
	  	 	 	
Purchase price	  	$	601.2	
	  	 	 	
On October 3, 2008, we entered into a payment agreement with the former owners of PinnOak, to accelerate the payment of the deferred portion of the purchase price and settle the contingent earn-out associated with the initial purchase agreement. Under the settlement agreement, we issued four million of our common shares to the former owners in PinnOak. Issuance of the shares satisfied all of our payment obligations in connection with the PinnOak acquisition. Under the agreement, we also agreed to file a resale registration statement with the SEC to allow the former owners of PinnOak to sell the shares received in this transaction. We filed the registration statement for the four million shares on October 7, 2008.
The fair value of the four million shares issued was $153.1 million based on a closing stock price of $38.27 on October 3, 2008. The total book value of the liability recorded at the date of settlement, including both the deferred payment and contingent consideration, was $279.1 million. Therefore, in accordance with the provisions of SFAS 141, the excess liability was allocated to reduce proportionately the amounts assigned to the long-lived assets acquired, including mineral rights, $92.8 million, property, plant and equipment, $17.2 million, and land, $1.6 million. As a result of the allocation, depreciation was reduced by approximately $0.5 million, and amortization of mineral rights was reduced by approximately $0.3 million in 2008.
AusQuest
On September 11, 2008, we announced a strategic alliance and subscription and option agreement with AusQuest, a publicly-traded minerals exploration company in Australia whose shares are traded on the ASX. Under the agreement reached, we acquired a 30 percent fully diluted interest in AusQuest through a staged issuance of shares and options. With the approval of AusQuest’s shareholders and clearance from the Australian Foreign Investment Review Board, we made an initial $18.0 million (A$26 million) investment at $0.28 per share (A$0.40 per share) and appointed a representative to the AusQuest board of directors. This strategic alliance provides us with both the right to participate in AusQuest’s future raising of capital, as well as certain rights in relation to any future sale or other disposal of AusQuest’s explorative assets. Our 30 percent ownership interest in AusQuest, in which we do not have control but have the ability to exercise significant influence over operating and financial policies, is accounted for under the equity method.
 
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Amapá
On March 5, 2007, we acquired a 30 percent interest in the Amapá Project, a Brazilian iron ore project, through the acquisition of 100 percent of the shares of Centennial Amapá for approximately $133 million. The remaining 70 percent of Amapá was previously owned by MMX, a Brazilian company which managed the construction and operations of Amapá while we supplied supplemental technical support. On August 5, 2008, Anglo consummated the acquisition of a controlling interest in MMX’s 51 percent interest in the Minas-Rio iron ore project and its 70 percent interest in Amapá and assumed management control over the venture.
The Amapá Project consists of a significant iron ore deposit, a 192-kilometer railway connecting the mine location to an existing port facility and 71 hectares of real estate on the banks of the Amazon River, reserved for a loading terminal. The Amapá Project began production of sinter fines in late-December 2007. Anglo has indicated that it plans to complete construction of the concentrator and continue to ramp-up operations. Once fully operational, production is targeted at 6.5 million tonnes of fines products annually.
Total project funding requirements are estimated to be between $550 million and $650 million (Company share $165 million to $195 million), including approximately $415 million to $490 million (Company share $125 million to $147 million) to be funded with project debt, and approximately $135 million to $160 million (Company share $40 million to $48 million) to be funded with equity contributions. As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, Amapá had debt outstanding of approximately $493 million and $419 million, respectively. We are committed to funding 30 percent of the equity contributions and have guaranteed 30 percent of the total debt outstanding, or $148 million and $101 million, at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, until the project meets certain performance criteria. Approximately $210 million of short-term debt is due to mature during the first quarter of 2009. We, along with Anglo, are currently negotiating extensions for these short-term obligations. Refer to NOTE 5 — DEBT AND CREDIT FACILITIES for further information. 
Under the majority ownership of MMX, Amapá’s functional currency was previously determined to be the Brazilian real. The analysis performed to determine the functional currency at the time indicated a mixed outcome assessment of the pertinent determining economic factors as set forth under SFAS No. 52, Foreign Currency Translation (“SFAS 52”), including, for example, sales being priced in U.S. dollars and operating costs being largely incurred in Brazilian real. The change in control of Amapá to Anglo in August 2008 resulted in the review of financial, operating and treasury policies of the entity under new management. This, along with recent efforts to mitigate exposures related to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates resulted in the reassessment of the accounting principles related to the determination of Amapá’s functional currency during the fourth quarter of 2008.
SFAS 52 lists six indicators to consider in identifying the functional currency of a foreign entity: cash flow, sales prices, sales market, expenses, financing, and intercompany transactions and arrangements. The following is a summary of how certain of the functional currency indicators listed in SFAS 52 have been affected by recent changes in the economic facts and circumstances influencing our operations at Amapá:
Intercompany Transactions and Arrangements.     Amapá continues to experience delays with project ramp-up and currently has insufficient resources in place to address the start-up issues, including project construction overruns, production delays and lower volumes. With limited cash inflows currently being generated from sales revenues, Amapá has had to place a greater reliance on capital contributions from the equity partners than initially anticipated. It is estimated that a total of between $50 million and $100 million in capital funding will be required in 2009 in order to keep the project operating. The source of the equity contributions from both owners is out of U.S. dollar denominated accounts.
Financing.     The current debt arrangements indicate a shift in the overall financing structure toward U.S dollar denominated debt. In addition, as a result of the change in control, Brazilian real currency exposure exists in the consolidated accounts. This has caused a change in local management’s approach to currency risk mitigation and treasury policies. As a result, Amapá’s treasury function will focus on reducing exposure to the
 
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Brazilian real and will act under the instruction of Anglo to reduce currency exposure rather than operating autonomously. In addition, Amapá is now managed on a U.S. dollar basis, and is required to report and monitor ongoing performance in U.S. dollars.
Sales Price and Market.     Amapá’s sales are priced in U.S. dollars, based on international iron ore prices, which are set annually. While this does not reflect a change from the factors that were present when Amapá’s functional currency was initially determined, recent price increases, greater than previously anticipated, have resulted in higher revenues being generated on U.S. dollar-priced commodities.
Consideration of each of these factors in the aggregate justified a change in the functional currency of Amapá. As a result, effective October 1, 2008, we changed the functional currency of Amapá from the local currency to the U.S. dollar reporting currency primarily due to changes in the debt structure under which the entity is financed as well as changes in the treasury, risk mitigation and financial reporting policies under which the entity’s operations are managed, resulting in the U.S. dollar becoming the currency of the primary economic environment in which the business operates.
In 2008, adjustments resulting from translating the foreign currency financial statements of Amapá into the U.S. dollar have been included as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive loss. The cumulative translation adjustment totaled $44.6 million as of the date of the change in functional currency. In accordance with SFAS 52, changes in functional currency from a foreign currency to the reporting currency are accounted for on a prospective basis. Therefore, upon the change in the functional currency to the U.S. dollar, Amapá no longer generates such translation adjustments, and the translated amounts for nonmonetary assets at September 30, 2008 have become the accounting basis for those assets in the period of the change and subsequent periods. The cumulative translation adjustments from prior periods will continue to remain a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss until the time we decide to sell or liquidate our investment in Amapá.
Sonoma
On April 18, 2007, we executed agreements to participate in Sonoma, a coking and thermal coal project located in Queensland, Australia. As of December 31, 2007, we invested $120.1 million to acquire and develop mining tenements and related infrastructure including the construction of a washplant, which will produce coal to meet the growing global demand. In 2008, we invested an additional $12.8 million in the project. Our total investment in Sonoma is estimated to be approximately $132.9 million. Immediately preceding our investment in the Sonoma Project, QCoal owned exploration permits and applications for mining leases for the real estate that is involved in the Sonoma Project (“Mining Assets”); however, development of the Mining Assets requires significant infrastructure including the construction of a rail loop and related equipment (“Non-Mining Assets”) and a facility that prepares the extracted coal for sale (the “Washplant”). Pursuant to a combination of interrelated agreements creating a structure whereby we own 100 percent of the Washplant, 8.33 percent of the Mining Assets and 45 percent of the Non-Mining Assets of Sonoma, we obtained a 45 percent economic interest in the collective operations of Sonoma. The following substantive legal entities exist within the Sonoma structure:
 
 	•	 	CAC, a wholly owned Cliffs subsidiary, is the conduit for Cliffs’ investment in Sonoma.	
 
 	•	 	CAWO, a wholly owned subsidiary of CAC, owns the Washplant and receives 40 percent of Sonoma coal production in exchange for providing coal washing services to the remaining Sonoma participants.	
 
 	•	 	SMM is the appointed operator of the mine assets, non-mine assets, and the Washplant. We own a 45 percent interest in SMM.	
 
 	•	 	Sonoma Sales, a wholly owned subsidiary of QCoal, is the sales agent for the participants of the coal extracted and processed in the Sonoma Project.	
 
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The objective of Sonoma is to mine and process coking and thermal coal for the benefit of the participants. Pursuant to the terms of the agreements that comprise the Sonoma Project, Cliffs through CAC:
 
 	•	 	Paid $34.9 million of the total estimated cost of $37.6 million for an 8.33 percent undivided interest in the Mining Assets and a 45 percent undivided interest in the Non-Mining Assets and other expenditures, and	
 
 	•	 	Paid $85.2 million of the total estimated cost of $90.1 million to construct the Washplant for a total investment of approximately $127.7 million.	
While the individual components of our investment are disproportionate to the overall economics of the investment, the total investment is the same as if we had acquired a 45 percent interest in the Mining Assets and had committed to funding 45 percent of the cost of developing the Non-Mining Assets and the Washplant. In particular, the terms of the interrelated agreements under which we obtain our 45 percent interest provide that, we, through a wholly owned subsidiary, constructed and hold title to the Washplant. We wash all of the coal produced by the Sonoma Project for a fee based upon a cost to wash plus an arrangement such that we only bear 45 percent of the cost of owning and operating the Washplant. In addition, we have committed to purchasing certain amounts of coal from the other participants such that we take title to 45 percent of the coal mined. In addition, several agreements were entered into which provide for the allocation of mine and Washplant reclamation obligations such that we are responsible for 45 percent of the reclamation costs. Lastly, management agreements were entered into that allocate the costs of operating the mine to each participant based upon their respective ownership interests in SMM, 45 percent in our case. Once the coal is washed, each participant then engages Sonoma Sales to sell their coal to third parties for which Sonoma Sales earns a fee under an agreement with fixed and variable elements.
The legal entities were evaluated for consolidation under FIN 46(R) as follows:
CAWO — CAC owns 100 percent of the legal equity in CAWO; however, CAC is limited in its ability to make significant decisions about CAWO because the significant decisions are made by, or subject to approval of, the Operating Committee of the Sonoma Project, of which CAC is only entitled to 45 percent of the vote. As a result, we determined that CAWO is a VIE and that CAC should consolidate CAWO as the primary beneficiary because it absorbs greater than 50 percent of the residual returns and expected losses.
Sonoma Sales — We, including our related parties, do not have voting rights with respect to Sonoma Sales and are not party to any contracts that represent significant variable interests in Sonoma Sales. Therefore, even if Sonoma Sales were a variable interest entity, it has been determined that we are not the primary beneficiary and therefore would not consolidate Sonoma Sales.
SMM — SMM does not have sufficient equity at risk and is therefore a VIE under FIN 46R. Through CAC, we have a 45 percent voting interest in SMM and a contractual requirement to reimburse SMM for 45 percent of the costs that it incurs in connection with managing the Sonoma Project. However, we, along with our related parties, do not have any contracts that would cause us to absorb greater than 50 percent of SMM’s expected losses, and therefore, we are not considered to be the primary beneficiary of SMM. Thus, we account for our investment in SMM in accordance with the equity method rather than consolidate the entity. The effect of SMM on our financial statements is determined to be minimal.
Mining and Non-Mining Assets — Since we have an undivided interest in these assets and Sonoma is in an extractive industry, we have pro rata consolidated our share of these assets and costs in accordance with EITF 00-1.
Mining operations reached a milestone in December 2007, when the first coal was extracted from the mine. Severe flooding at the mine in mid-February 2008 caused delays in scheduled shipments. However, despite these factors, our share of total production in 2008 reached approximately 1.1 million tonnes with sales volume of 0.9 million tonnes. In addition, for the year ended December 31, 2008, Sonoma generated average revenue of $132 per tonne, and per tonne costs were $75 for the year.
 
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We have entered into arrangements with providers of credit facilities to guarantee our 45 percent share of certain Sonoma performance requirements relating to environmental compliance and take-or-pay provisions of port and rail contracts. At December 31, 2008 and 2007, our 45 percent of such guarantees amounted to $8.8 million and $9.5 million, respectively.
Sale of Synfuel
On June 4, 2008, we completed the sale of our wholly owned subsidiary, Cliffs Synfuel Corp. (“Synfuel”). Under the agreement, Oil Shale Exploration Company-Skyline, LLC acquired 100 percent of Synfuel for $24 million. As additional consideration for the stock, a perpetual nonparticipating royalty interest was granted initially equal to $0.02 per barrel of shale oil and $0.01 per barrel of shale oil produced from lands covered by existing State of Utah oil shale leases, plus 25 percent of royalty payments from conventional oil and gas operations. We recorded a gain of $19 million upon completion of the transaction.
Alpha Natural Resources
On November 17, 2008, we announced the termination of the definitive merger agreement with Alpha Natural Resources, Inc., under which we would have acquired all outstanding shares of Alpha, as previously announced on July 16, 2008. Both our Board of Directors and Alpha’s Board of Directors made the decision after considering various issues, including the current macroeconomic environment, uncertainty in the steel industry, shareholder dynamics, and the risks and costs of potential litigation. Considering these issues, each board determined that termination of the merger agreement was in the best interest of its equity holders. Under the terms of the settlement agreement, we were required to pay Alpha a $70 million termination fee, which was financed through our revolving credit facility and paid in November 2008. As a result, $90.1 million in termination fees and associated acquisition costs were expensed in the fourth quarter of 2008 upon termination of the definitive merger agreement.
NOTE 3 — INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
Following is a summary of intangible assets and liabilities at December 31, 2008, based upon our preliminary purchase price allocations related to recent acquisitions completed in 2008:

 	  	Classification	  	(In Millions)	 	
	  		  	Gross Carrying
Amount	 	 	Accumulated
Amortization	 	 	Net Carrying
Amount	 	
Definite lived intangible assets:	  		  				 				 				
Permits	  	Intangible assets	  	$	109.3	 	 	$	(1.8	)	 	$	107.5	 	
Leases	  	Intangible assets	  	 	3.1	 	 	 	(1.0	)	 	 	2.1	 	
	  		  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total intangible assets	  		  	$	112.4	 	 	$	(2.8	)	 	$	109.6	 	
	  		  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Below-market sales contracts	  	Current liabilities	  	$	(30.3	)	 	$	—  	 	 	$	(30.3	)	
Below-market sales contracts	  	Long-term liabilities	  	 	(198.7	)	 	 	15.1	 	 	 	(183.6	)	
	  		  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total below-market sales contracts	  		  	$	(229.0	)	 	$	15.1	 	 	$	(213.9	)	
	  		  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
The intangible assets are subject to periodic amortization on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. Permits are being amortized over estimated useful lives ranging from 15 to 28 years, and leases are being amortized over estimated useful lives ranging from 1.5 to 4.5 years. Amortization expense relating to intangible assets was $2.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2008. The estimated amortization expense relating to intangible assets for each of the five succeeding fiscal years is as follows: 2009 — $6.9 million, 2010 —$5.1 million, 2011 — $5.1 million, 2012 — $5.1 million, and 2013 — $5.0 million.
 
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The below-market sales contracts are classified as a liability and recognized over the terms of the contracts, which range from 3.5 to 8.5 years. The following amounts will be recognized in earnings related to the below-market sales contracts for each of the five succeeding fiscal years: 2009 — $30.3 million, 2010 — $30.3 million, 2011 — $30.3 million, 2012 — $27.0 million, and 2013 — $27.0 million.
Intangible assets subject to amortization are reviewed for potential impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that carrying amounts may not be recoverable.
NOTE 4 — MARKETABLE SECURITIES
At December 31, 2008 and 2007, we had $30.2 million and $74.6 million, respectively, of marketable securities as follows:

 	  	(In Millions)	
 	  	December 31,	
 	  	2008	  	2007	
Held to maturity — current	  	$	4.8	  	$	18.9	
Held to maturity — non-current	  	 	14.2	  	 	25.8	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	
	  	 	19.0	  	 	44.7	
Available for sale — non-current	  	 	11.2	  	 	29.9	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	
Total	  	$	30.2	  	$	74.6	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	
Marketable securities classified as held-to-maturity are measured and stated at amortized cost. The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses and fair value of investment securities held-to-maturity at December 31, 2008 and 2007 are summarized as follows:

 	  	December 31, 2008 (In Millions)	
 	  	Amortized
Cost	  	Gross Unrealized	 	 	Fair
Value	
	  		  	Gains	  	Losses	 	 		
Asset backed securities	  	$	2.1	  	$	—  	  	$	(0.6	)	 	$	1.5	
Floating rate notes	  	 	16.9	  	 	—  	  	 	(1.1	)	 	 	15.8	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total	  	$	19.0	  	$	—  	  	$	(1.7	)	 	$	17.3	

December 31, 2007 (In Millions)	
 	  	Amortized
Cost	  	Gross Unrealized	 	 	Fair
Value	
	  		  	Gains	  	Losses	 	 		
Asset backed securities	  	$	23.1	  	$	—  	  	$	(1.4	)	 	$	21.7	
Floating rate notes	  	 	21.6	  	 	—  	  	 	(0.1	)	 	 	21.5	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total	  	$	44.7	  	$	—  	  	$	(1.5	)	 	$	43.2	

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Investment securities held-to-maturity at December 31, 2008 and 2007 have contractual maturities as follows:

 	  	(In Millions)	
 	  	December 31,	
 	  	2008	  	2007	
Asset backed securities:	  			  			
Within 1 year	  	$	—  	  	$	18.9	
1 to 5 years	  	 	2.1	  	 	4.2	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	
	  	$	2.1	  	$	23.1	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	
Floating rate notes:	  			  			
Within 1 year	  	$	4.8	  	$	—  	
1 to 5 years	  	 	12.1	  	 	21.6	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	
	  	$	16.9	  	$	21.6	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	
The following table shows our gross unrealized losses and fair value of investment securities held-to-maturity, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, at December 31, 2008 and 2007:

 	  	Less than 12 months (In Millions)	
 	  	December 31, 2008	  	December 31, 2007	
 	  	Unrealized
Losses	  	Fair
Value	  	Unrealized
Losses	  	Fair
Value	
Asset backed securities	  	$	—  	  	$	—  	  	$	1.4	  	$	21.7	
Floating rate notes	  	 	0.1	  	 	1.7	  	 	0.1	  	 	21.5	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	
	  	$	0.1	  	$	1.7	  	$	1.5	  	$	43.2	

													
 	  	12 months or longer (In Millions)	
 	  	December 31, 2008	  	December 31, 2007	
 	  	Unrealized
Losses	  	Fair
Value	  	Unrealized
Losses	  	Fair
Value	
Asset backed securities	  	$	0.6	  	$	1.5	  	$	—  	  	$	—  	
Floating rate notes	  	 	1.0	  	 	14.1	  	 	—  	  	 	—  	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	
	  	$	1.6	  	$	15.6	  	$	—  	  	$	—  	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	
We believe that the unrealized losses on the held-to-maturity portfolio at December 31, 2008 are temporary and are related to market interest rate fluctuations and not to deterioration in the creditworthiness of the issuers. We intend to hold these investments until maturity.
 
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Marketable securities classified as available-for-sale are stated at fair value, with unrealized holding gains and losses included in Other comprehensive income . The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses and fair value of investment securities available-for-sale at December 31, 2008 and 2007 are summarized as follows:

 	  	(In Millions)	
 	  	December 31, 2008	
 	  	Amortized
Cost	  	Gross Unrealized	 	 	Fair
Value	
	  		  	Gains	  	Losses	 	 		
Equity securities	  			  			  				 			
(without contractual maturity)	  	$	12.0	  	$	—  	  	$	(0.8	)	 	$	11.2	
		
 	  	(In Millions)	
 	  	December 31, 2007	
 	  	Amortized
Cost	  	Gross Unrealized	 	 	Fair
Value	
	  		  	Gains	  	Losses	 	 		
Equity securities	  			  			  				 			
(without contractual maturity)	  	$	14.2	  	$	15.7	  	$	—  	 	 	$	29.9	
We own 9.2 million shares of PolyMet Corp common stock, representing 6.7 percent of issued shares as a result of the sale of certain land, crushing and concentrating and other ancillary facilities located at our Cliffs Erie site (formerly owned by LTVSMC) to PolyMet. We have the right to participate in up to 6.7 percent of any future financing, and PolyMet has the first right to acquire or place our shares should we choose to sell. We classify the shares as available-for-sale and record unrealized mark-to-market changes in the fair value of the shares through Other comprehensive income each reporting period, unless the loss is deemed to be other than temporary.
During 2008, Portman acquired 24.3 million shares of Golden West, a Western Australia iron ore exploration company. Golden West owns the Wiluna West exploration ore project in Western Australia, containing a resource of 126 million metric tons of ore. The investment provides Portman a strategic interest in Golden West and Wiluna West. Our ownership in Golden West represents approximately 17 percent of its outstanding shares at December 31, 2008. Acquisition of the shares represented an original investment of approximately $22 million. We do not exercise significant influence, and at December 31, 2008, the investment is classified as an available-for-sale security. Accordingly, we record unrealized mark-to-market changes in the fair value of the investment through Other comprehensive income each reporting period, unless the loss is deemed to be other than temporary .
In 2008, we recorded impairment charges of $25.1 million related to declines in the fair value of our available-for-sale securities which we concluded were other than temporary. As of December 31, 2008, our investments in PolyMet and Golden West had fair values totaling $6.2 million and $4.7 million, respectively, compared with a cost of $14.2 million and $21.8 million, respectively. The metals and mining industry and our investees are susceptible to changes in the U.S. and global economies and the industries of their customers. Their principal customers are part of the global steel industry, and their businesses have been adversely affected by the slowdown of the global economy, particularly during the last quarter of 2008 when our investments became impaired. The severity of the impairments in relation to the carrying amounts of the individual investments is consistent with the macroeconomic market and industry developments. However, we have evaluated the near-term prospects of the issuers in relation to the severity and rapid decline in the fair value of each of these investments, and based upon that evaluation, we could not reasonably assert that the impairment period would be temporary primarily as a result of the global economic crisis and the corresponding uncertainties in the market.
NOTE 5 — DEBT AND CREDIT FACILITIES
On June 25, 2008, we entered into a $325 million private placement consisting of $270 million of 6.31 percent Five-Year Senior Notes due June 15, 2013, and $55 million of 6.59 percent Seven-Year Senior Notes due
 
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
June 15, 2015. Interest will be paid on the notes for both tranches on June 15 and December 15 until their respective maturities. The notes are unsecured obligations with interest and principal amounts guaranteed by certain of our domestic subsidiaries. The notes and guarantees were not required to be registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and were placed with qualified institutional investors. We used the proceeds to repay senior unsecured indebtedness and for general corporate purposes.
The terms of the note purchase agreement contain customary covenants that require compliance with certain financial covenants based on: (1) debt to earnings ratio and (2) interest coverage ratio. As of December 31, 2008, we were in compliance with the financial covenants in the note purchase agreement. 
On August 17, 2007, we entered into a five-year unsecured credit facility with a syndicate of 13 financial institutions. The facility provides $800 million in borrowing capacity, comprised of $200 million in term loans and $600 million in revolving loans, swing loans and letters of credit. Loans are drawn with a choice of interest rates and maturities, subject to the terms of the agreement. Interest rates are either (1) a range from LIBOR plus 0.45 percent to LIBOR plus 1.125 percent based on debt and earning levels or (2) the prime rate or the prime rate plus 1.125 percent, based on debt and earnings. The credit facility has two financial covenants based on: (1) debt to earnings ratio and (2) interest coverage ratio. As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, we were in compliance with the financial covenants in the credit agreement.
As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, no revolving loans and $240 million in revolving loans, respectively, were drawn under the credit facility and the principal amount of letter of credit obligations totaled $21.5 million and $16.2 million, respectively. We also had $200 million drawn in term loans, with $578.5 million and $343.8 million of borrowing capacity available under the $800 million credit facility at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The weighted average annual interest rate for outstanding revolving and term loans under the credit facility was 5.02 percent and 5.81 percent as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. After the effect of interest rate hedging, the respective weighted average annual borrowing rates were 5.10 percent and 5.68 percent in 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Portman has a $27.6 million (A$40 million) multi-option facility, under which an $82.9 million (A$120 million) cash facility was added effective June 23, 2008 and terminated on September 30, 2008. The $27.6 million (A$40 million) multi-option facility, which was finalized in April 2007, has a floating interest rate of 20 basis points over the 90-day bank bill swap rate in Australia. The outstanding bank commitments totaled $18.8 million (A$27.2 million) and $8.6 million (A$12.5 million) in performance bonds, reducing borrowing capacity to $8.8 million (A$12.8 million) and $19.0 million (A$27.5) million at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The facility agreement contains financial covenants as follows: (1) debt to earnings ratio and (2) interest coverage ratio. As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, Portman was in compliance with the financial covenants of the credit facility agreement. On February 9, 2009, Portman entered into an amending deed, which added a $55.3 million (A$80 million) cash facility to the existing multi-option facility. The cash facility did not cause any change to the financial covenants in place under the multi-option facility. We have provided a guarantee of the combined facilities, along with certain of our Australian subsidiaries.
In 2005, Portman secured five-year financing from its customers in China as part of its long-term sales agreements to assist with the funding of the expansion of its Koolyanobbing mining operations. The borrowings, totaling $5.4 million and $6.2 million at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, accrue interest annually at five percent. The borrowings require a principal payment of approximately $0.8 million plus accrued interest to be made January 31, 2009, with the balance due in full on January 31, 2010.
At December 31, 2008 and 2007, Amapá had total project debt outstanding of approximately $493 million and $419 million, respectively, for which we have provided a several guarantee on our 30 percent share. At December 31, 2008, Amapá had total short-term loans outstanding of $210.3 million for which we provided a several guarantee on our share. We have provided several guarantees on our 30 percent share of the total debt outstanding, or $148 million and $101 million, at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Our estimate of the
 
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aggregate fair value of the outstanding guarantees is $6.7 million as of December 31, 2008, which is reflected in Other Liabilities on the Statements of Consolidated Financial Position. The fair value was estimated using a discounted cash flow model based upon the spread between guaranteed and non-guaranteed debt over the period the debt is expected to be outstanding. Capital contributions in 2008 and 2007 totaled $106 million (Company share $32.0 million) and $89 million (Company share $26.7 million), respectively. Amapá and its lenders have agreed to suspend all operating and financial loan covenants with the exception of debt to equity ratio requirements through June 30, 2009.
Substantially all of the financial debt instruments are carried at fair value or contracted amounts that approximate fair value. Refer to NOTE 11 — FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS for further information.
NOTE 6 — SEGMENT REPORTING
Our company is organized and managed according to product category and geographic location: North American Iron Ore, North American Coal, Asia Pacific Iron Ore, Asia Pacific Coal and Latin American Iron Ore. The North American Iron Ore segment is comprised of our interests in six North American mines that provide iron ore to the integrated steel industry. The North American Coal segment is comprised of our two North American coking coal mining complexes that provide metallurgical coal to the integrated steel industry. The Asia Pacific Iron Ore segment, which is comprised of Portman, is located in Western Australia and provides iron ore to steel producers in China and Japan. There are no intersegment revenues.
The Asia Pacific Coal operating segment is comprised of our 45 percent economic interest in Sonoma, located in Queensland, Australia, which is in the early stages of production. The Latin American Iron Ore operating segment is comprised of our 30 percent Amapá interest in Brazil, which is also in the early stages of production. As a result, the Asia Pacific Coal and Latin American Iron Ore operating segments do not meet reportable segment disclosure requirements and therefore are not separately reported.
We evaluate segment performance based on sales margin, defined as revenues less cost of goods sold identifiable to each segment. This measure of operating performance is an effective measurement as we focus on reducing production costs throughout the Company.
 
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The following table presents a summary of our reportable segments for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006. A reconciliation of segment sales margin to income from continuing operations before income taxes, minority interest and equity loss from ventures is as follows:

 	  	(In Millions)	 	
 	  	2008	 	 	 	 	 	2007	 	 	 	 	 	2006	 	 	 	 	
Revenues from product sales and services:	  				 			 				 			 				 			
North American Iron Ore	  	$	2,369.6	 	 	66	%	 	$	1,745.4	 	 	77	%	 	$	1,560.7	 	 	81	%	
North American Coal	  	 	346.3	 	 	10	%	 	 	85.2	 	 	4	%	 	 	—  	 	 	0	%	
Asia Pacific Iron Ore	  	 	769.8	 	 	21	%	 	 	444.6	 	 	19	%	 	 	361.0	 	 	19	%	
Other	  	 	123.4	 	 	3	%	 	 	—  	 	 			 	 	—  	 	 	0	%	
	  	 	 	 	 			 	 	 	 	 			 	 	 	 	 			
Total revenues from product sales and services for reportable segments	  	$	3,609.1	 	 	100	%	 	$	2,275.2	 	 	100	%	 	$	1,921.7	 	 	100	%	
	  	 	 	 	 			 	 	 	 	 			 	 	 	 	 			
Sales margin:	  				 			 				 			 				 			
North American Iron Ore	  	$	804.3	 	 			 	$	397.9	 	 			 	$	327.4	 	 			
North American Coal	  	 	(46.4	)	 			 	 	(31.7	)	 			 	 	—  	 	 			
Asia Pacific Iron Ore	  	 	348.6	 	 			 	 	95.8	 	 			 	 	86.6	 	 			
Other	  	 	53.2	 	 			 	 	—  	 	 			 	 	—  	 	 			
	  	 	 	 	 			 	 	 	 	 			 	 	 	 	 			
Sales margin	  	 	1,159.7	 	 			 	 	462.0	 	 			 	 	414.0	 	 			
Other operating expense	  	 	(220.8	)	 			 	 	(80.4	)	 			 	 	(48.3	)	 			
Other income (expense)	  	 	(222.6	)	 			 	 	(0.9	)	 			 	 	22.1	 	 			
	  	 	 	 	 			 	 	 	 	 			 	 	 	 	 			
Income from continuing operations before income taxes, minority interest and equity loss from ventures	  	$	716.3	 	 			 	$	380.7	 	 			 	$	387.8	 	 			
	  	 	 	 	 			 	 	 	 	 			 	 	 	 	 			
Depreciation, depletion and amortization:	  				 			 				 			 				 			
North American Iron Ore	  	$	66.0	 	 			 	$	40.7	 	 			 	$	33.0	 	 			
North American Coal	  	 	51.5	 	 			 	 	17.9	 	 			 	 	—  	 	 			
Asia Pacific Iron Ore	  	 	73.7	 	 			 	 	48.6	 	 			 	 	40.9	 	 			
Other	  	 	9.9	 	 			 	 	—  	 	 			 	 	—  	 	 			
	  	 	 	 	 			 	 	 	 	 			 	 	 	 	 			
Total depreciation and amortization	  	$	201.1	 	 			 	$	107.2	 	 			 	$	73.9	 	 			
	  	 	 	 	 			 	 	 	 	 			 	 	 	 	 			
Capital additions (1):	  				 			 				 			 				 			
North American Iron Ore	  	$	53.3	 	 			 	$	64.4	 	 			 	$	80.6	 	 			
North American Coal	  	 	96.6	 	 			 	 	11.1	 	 			 	 	—  	 	 			
Asia Pacific Iron Ore	  	 	67.8	 	 			 	 	39.3	 	 			 	 	31.9	 	 			
Other	  	 	14.9	 	 			 	 	120.3	 	 			 	 	—  	 	 			
	  	 	 	 	 			 	 	 	 	 			 	 	 	 	 			
Total capital additions	  	$	232.6	 	 			 	$	235.1	 	 			 	$	112.5	 	 			
	  	 	 	 	 			 	 	 	 	 			 	 	 	 	 			
Assets:	  				 			 				 			 				 			
North American Iron Ore	  	$	1,818.5	 	 			 	$	968.9	 	 			 	$	1,154.0	 	 			
North American Coal	  	 	773.7	 	 			 	 	773.2	 	 			 	 	—  	 	 			
Asia Pacific Iron Ore	  	 	1,210.9	 	 			 	 	1,083.8	 	 			 	 	785.7	 	 			
Other	  	 	308.0	 	 			 	 	249.9	 	 			 	 	—  	 	 			
	  	 	 	 	 			 	 	 	 	 			 	 	 	 	 			
Total assets	  	$	4,111.1	 	 			 	$	3,075.8	 	 			 	$	1,939.7	 	 			

(1)	Includes capital lease additions.	
 
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
We have three customers which individually account for more than 10 percent of our consolidated product revenue. Total revenue from these customers represents approximately $1.6 billion, $1.1 billion, and $1.0 billion of our total consolidated product revenue in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively, and is attributable to our North American Iron Ore and North American Coal business segments.
Included in the consolidated financial statements are the following amounts relating to geographic locations:

 	  	(In Millions)	
 	  	2008	  	2007	  	2006	
Revenue (1)	  			  			  			
United States	  	$	1,617.0	  	$	1,271.1	  	$	1,100.0	
China	  	 	774.2	  	 	419.9	  	 	367.4	
Canada	  	 	573.6	  	 	382.0	  	 	377.2	
Japan	  	 	263.4	  	 	135.7	  	 	74.4	
Other countries	  	 	380.9	  	 	66.5	  	 	2.7	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	
Total revenue	  	$	3,609.1	  	$	2,275.2	  	$	1,921.7	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	
Long-lived assets	  			  			  			
Australia	  	$	763.5	  	$	691.6	  			
United States	  	 	1,692.6	  	 	1,132.3	  			
	  	 	 	  	 	 	  			
Total long-lived assets	  	$	2,456.1	  	$	1,823.9	  			

(1)	Revenue is attributed to countries based on the location of the customer and includes both Product sales and services. The 2007 and 2006 amounts previously included  Royalties and management fees of $14.5 million and $11.7 million, respectively.	
NOTE 7 — ENVIRONMENTAL AND MINE CLOSURE OBLIGATIONS
We had environmental and mine closure liabilities of $117.1 million and $130.8 million at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Payments in 2008 were $6.2 million compared with $9.2 million in 2007. The following is a summary of the obligations at December 31, 2008 and 2007:

 	  	(In Millions)	
 	  	December 31,	
 	  	2008	  	2007	
Environmental	  	$	16.4	  	$	12.3	
Mine closure	  			  			
LTVSMC	  	 	13.9	  	 	22.5	
Operating mines:	  			  			
North American Iron Ore	  	 	44.1	  	 	61.8	
North American Coal	  	 	31.1	  	 	20.4	
Asia Pacific Iron Ore	  	 	7.8	  	 	9.5	
Other	  	 	3.8	  	 	4.3	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	
Total mine closure	  	 	100.7	  	 	118.5	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	
Total environmental and mine closure obligations	  	 	117.1	  	 	130.8	
Less current portion	  	 	12.2	  	 	7.6	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	
Long term environmental and mine closure obligations	  	$	104.9	  	$	123.2	

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Environmental
Our mining and exploration activities are subject to various laws and regulations governing the protection of the environment. We conduct our operations to protect the public health and environment and believe our operations are in compliance with applicable laws and regulations in all material respects. Our environmental liabilities of $16.4 million and $12.3 million at December 31, 2008 and 2007 respectively, including obligations for known environmental remediation exposures at active and closed mining operations and other sites, have been recognized based on the estimated cost of investigation and remediation at each site. If the cost can only be estimated as a range of possible amounts with no specific amount being more likely, the minimum of the range is accrued in accordance with SFAS 5. Future expenditures are not discounted unless the amount and timing of the cash disbursements are readily known. Potential insurance recoveries have not been reflected. Additional environmental obligations could be incurred, the extent of which cannot be assessed.
The environmental liability includes our obligations related to four sites that are independent of our iron mining operations, two former iron ore-related sites, two leased land sites where we are lessor and miscellaneous remediation obligations at our operating units. Three of these sites are Federal and State sites where we are named as a PRP: the Rio Tinto mine site in Nevada and the Kipling and Deer Lake sites in Michigan.
Milwaukee Solvay Site
In September 2002, we received a draft of a proposed Administrative Order by Consent from the EPA, for clean-up and reimbursement of costs associated with the Milwaukee Solvay coke plant site in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The plant was operated from 1973 to 1983 by a company we acquired in 1986. In January 2003, we completed the sale of the plant site and property to a third party. Following this sale, we entered into an Administrative Order by Consent (“Solvay Consent Order”) with the EPA, the new owner and another third party who had operated on the site. In connection with this order, the new owner agreed to take responsibility for the removal action and agreed to indemnify us for all costs and expenses in connection with the removal action. In the third quarter of 2003, the new owner, after completing a portion of the removal, experienced financial difficulties. In an effort to continue progress on the removal action, we expended $0.9 million in the second half of 2003, $2.1 million in 2004 and $0.4 million in 2005 secured by a mortgage on the property. In September 2005, we received a notice of completion from the EPA documenting that all work had been fully performed in accordance with the order.
In August 2006, we sold our mortgage on the site to East Greenfield. East Greenfield acquired the mortgage for the assumption of all environmental obligations and a cash payment of $2.25 million. In addition, East Greenfield deposited $4.5 million into an escrow account to fund any remaining environmental clean-up activities and to purchase insurance coverage with a $5 million limit. In the third quarter of 2006, we reduced our environmental reserve related to this site by $2.7 million to reflect our reduced liability. Subsequently, in December 2006, the Company and five other PRPs entered an Administrative Settlement Agreement and AOC with the EPA to conduct a Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study and to reimburse certain response costs incurred by the EPA. In January 2007, the PRP Group, including our Company, entered into an AOC to conduct a Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study for the site, to include surface, subsurface and sediment sampling. The PRP Group has retained a consultant to conduct the site investigation. Following a series of meetings with the EPA and Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, a work plan for the Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study was drafted and submitted to the EPA. Comments on the draft were received in December 2007 with a final plan being approved by the EPA in 2008. Milwaukee Solvay’s work group authorized Burns and McDonnell to begin the implementation of the approved Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study. Field activities began in the fall of 2008 and will continue into the spring of 2009. Upon completion of the field work the information will be used to develop any remedial activities determined by the results of the remedial investigation.
 
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The Rio Tinto Mine Site
The Rio Tinto Mine Site is a historic underground copper mine located near Mountain City, Nevada, where tailings were placed in Mill Creek, a tributary to the Owyhee River. Site investigation and remediation work is being conducted in accordance with a Consent Order between the Nevada DEP and the RTWG composed of Cliffs, Atlantic Richfield Company, Teck Cominco American Incorporated, and E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company. The Consent Order provides for technical review by the U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Indian Affairs, the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, the NDEP and the Shoshone-Paiute Tribes of the Duck Valley Reservation (collectively, “Rio Tinto Trustees”). The Consent Order is currently projected to continue with the objective of supporting the selection of the final remedy for the site. Costs are shared pursuant to the terms of a Participation Agreement between the parties of the RTWG, who have reserved the right to renegotiate any future participation or cost sharing following the completion of the Consent Order.
The Rio Tinto Trustees have made available for public comment their plans for the assessment of NRD. The RTWG commented on the plans and also are in discussions with the Rio Tinto Trustees informally about those plans. The notice of plan availability is a step in the damage assessment process. The studies presented in the plan may lead to a NRD claim under CERCLA. There is no monetized NRD claim at this time.
During 2006, the focus of the RTWG was on development of alternatives for remediation of the mine site. A draft of an alternatives study was reviewed with NDEP, the EPA and the Rio Tinto Trustees and the alternatives have essentially been reduced to the following: (1) tailings stabilization and long-term water treatment; and (2) removal of the tailings. As of December 31, 2008, the estimated costs of the available remediation alternatives currently range from approximately $10.0 million to $30.5 million. In recognition of the potential for an NRD claim, the parties are actively pursuing a global settlement that would include the EPA and encompass both the remedial action and the NRD issues. In 2008, the RTWG parties met for formal mediation on two occasions to resolve differences over the allocation of any negotiated remedy. The mediation resulted in substantial progress, and the members of the RTWG are still negotiating an allocation. Additionally, the RTWG and RTAG met most recently in December 2008 to discuss appropriate terms for a global settlement based on the latest investigation results. While a global settlement has not been finalized, we expect an agreement will be reached in 2009. We have increased our reserve most recently in 2008 by $5.2 million to reflect revised cleanup estimates and cost allocation associated with our anticipated share of the eventual remediation costs based on a consideration of the various remedial measures and related cost estimates, which are currently under review. The expense was included in Selling, general and administrative expenses on the Statements of Consolidated Operations.
Kipling Furnace Site
In November 1991, the MDEQ notified us that it believed we were liable for contamination at the Kipling Furnace site in Kipling, Michigan and requested that we voluntarily undertake actions to remediate the site. We owned and operated a portion of the site from approximately 1902 through 1925 when we sold the property to CITGO Petroleum Company. CITGO, in turn, operated at the site, and thereafter, sold the northern portion of the site to a third party. This northern portion of the site was the location of the majority of our former operations. CITGO has been working formally with MDEQ to address the portions of the site impacted by CITGO’s operations on the property, which occurred between 1925 and 1986. CITGO submitted a remedial action plan in August 2003 to the MDEQ. However, the MDEQ subsequently rejected this remedial action plan as being inadequate.
We responded to the 1991 letter by performing a hydrogeological investigation at the site in 1996, with follow-up monitoring occurring in 1998 through 2003. We developed a proposed remedial action plan to address materials associated with our former operations at the site. We currently estimate the cost of implementing our proposed remedial action to be $0.3 million, which was previously provided for in our environmental reserve. We have not yet implemented the proposed remedial action plan.
 
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In June 2004, the MDEQ made a new demand to both CITGO and the Company to take responsive actions at the property, including development and submittal of a remedial action plan to the department for approval. CITGO and the Company agreed to cooperate in the development of a joint remedial action plan as encouraged by MDEQ. Additional investigative work at the site has been undertaken by CITGO. At this time, it is unclear whether the MDEQ, once aware of our response activities at the site to date, will require further investigations or implement a remedial action plan going beyond what has already been developed. Conducting further investigations, revising our proposed remedial action plan, or implementing the plan, could result in higher costs than recorded. In addition, an access agreement with the current owners will be required to conduct the remediation.
Deer Lake
Deer Lake is a reservoir located near Ishpeming, Michigan that historically provided water storage for the Carp River Power Plant that was razed in 1972. Elevated concentrations of mercury in Deer Lake fish were noted in 1981. Three known sources of mercury to the lake were atmospheric deposition, historic use of mercury in gold amalgamation on the west side of the lake, and releases of mercury to the City of Ishpeming sewer system, including waste assay solutions from a laboratory operated by Cliffs. The State of Michigan filed suit in 1982 alleging that we had liability for the mercury releases. A Consent Agreement was entered in 1984 that required certain remediation and mitigation, which was performed, and by 2003 mercury concentrations in fish had declined significantly. Subsequently, we engaged in negotiations with the State to comprehensively and completely resolve our liability for mercury releases. An amendment to the Consent Agreement between the Company and the State was entered by the Court on November 7, 2006. The agreement provides for additional remedial measures, long-term maintenance and provisions for public access to various water bodies which we own or control. All 2008 activities outlined in the amended Consent Agreement were completed.
Northshore Air Permit Matters
On December 16, 2006, we submitted an administrative permit amendment application to the MPCA with respect to Northshore’s Title V operating permit. The proposed amendment requested the deletion of a 30-year old “control city” monitoring requirement which was used to assess the adequacy of air emission control equipment installed in the 1970s. We then received a letter dated February 23, 2007 from the MPCA notifying us that our proposed permit amendment had been denied. We appealed the denial to the Minnesota Court of Appeals. Oral arguments on our appeal were held on February 21, 2008. The court of appeals ruled in MPCA’s favor.
On July 28, 2008, MPCA issued a Notice of Violation, or NOV, to Northshore alleging violations related to the control city standard from March 2006 through October 2007. The NOV states that Northshore has been in compliance with MPCA’s interpretation of the standard since October 2007, but requires corrective actions relating to operating and maintaining treatment and control facilities to remain in compliance. Subsequent to the court of appeals’ ruling, Northshore filed a major permit amendment on August 28, 2008. On November 25, 2008, in response to the proposed amendment, MCPA issued an order declaring that Northshore’s request to remove the control city standard from its permit constitutes a “project” for which an Environmental Assessment Worksheet, or EAW, must be completed. MPCA also stated that it was ceasing all other work on the permit, including its own efforts to create a replacement standard, until the environmental review process was complete.
In October 2008, Northshore received the final results of a peer-reviewed study, which concluded that there are no significant health effects related to fibers from Northshore.
Northshore filed an action to challenge the MPCA’s requirement for an EAW in Minnesota State District Court, which is currently pending. If either our appeal is unsuccessful or if we are unable to negotiate an acceptable compliance schedule, Northshore could be subject to future enforcement actions with respect to its Title V operating permit if we are unable to meet the permit requirements as interpreted by MPCA.
 
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Additionally, as part of Northshore’s permitting of the restart of Furnace 5, Northshore is required to certify compliance with air emission standards within 180 days of operation. During the scheduled compliance testing for Furnace 5, Northshore experienced abnormal operating difficulties and was thereby unable to certify compliance. Northshore received a Notice of Noncompliance from MPCA on December 18, 2008 indicating it considers the facility out of compliance with the testing schedule and reserves the right to enforcement, while asking for additional explanation as to the related causes. Due to changes in market demand, Furnace 5 has been idled. Northshore expects that upon restart it will demonstrate compliance with the required limits and will perform retesting as soon as Furnace 5 returns to normal operating conditions. Accordingly, at that time, Northshore will take appropriate steps to establish compliance with MPCA.
United Taconite Air Emissions Matter
On March 27, 2008, United Taconite received a DSA from the MPCA alleging various air emissions violations of the facility’s air permit limit conditions, reporting and testing requirements. The allegations generally stem from procedures put in place prior to 2004 when Cliffs first acquired its interest in the mine. The DSA requires the facility to install continuous emissions monitoring, evaluate compliance procedures, submit a plan to implement procedures to eliminate air deviations during the relevant time period, and proposes a civil penalty in an amount to be determined. While United Taconite does not agree with MPCA’s allegations, United Taconite and the MPCA continue discussions on the matter with the intent of working toward a mutual resolution.
Koolyanobbing Operations
In May 2007, the WAEPA released a report outlining the recommendations for a significant extension of the conservation estate in the area of the Koolyanobbing mining operations. The report recommended the conversion of much of the area to Class A conservation reserve. Some of the proposed A class reserves overlap with mining tenements granted to Portman (the “Overlapping Areas”).
The WAEPA study has been submitted to the Minister for the Environment and Heritage. The report represents the view of the WAEPA and neither creates an obligation on the government to act nor affects the rights of Portman to operate under existing approvals. We continue to communicate with the government and the environmental agencies in a manner that indicates a willingness to work with all parties to achieve a sustainable outcome for conservation and resource development in the region.
Portman originally received governmental approval to mine in the Overlapping Areas in June 2003. Since that time, we have met applicable environmental requirements. Although we are currently reviewing the study and the effects of the designation of the Overlapping Areas as A class reserves, such categorization may have a material effect on our operations. In late 2008 there was a change of government at the state level, and it is unknown at this time whether the Minister for the Environment and Heritage will accept the recommendations of the WAEPA. If the recommendations of the WAEPA are accepted, we will challenge any such decision.
Mine Closure
Our mine closure obligation of $100.7 million and $118.5 million at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, includes our four consolidated North American operating iron ore mines, our two consolidated North American operating coal mining complexes, our Asia Pacific operating iron ore mines, the coal mine at Sonoma and a closed operation formerly known as LTVSMC.
Management periodically performs an assessment of the obligation, most recently in the fourth quarter of 2008, to determine the adequacy of the liability in relation to the closure activities still required at the LTVSMC site. As a result of this assessment, the LTVSMC closure was decreased to $13.9 million at December 31, 2008 from $22.5 million at December 31, 2007. The decrease was attributable to a decline in the estimated future cash flows of $5.2 million combined with payments of $3.4 million made during the year.
 
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
In 2008, we performed a detailed assessment of our asset retirement obligations related to our active mining locations in accordance with our Company’s accounting policy, which requires us to perform an in-depth evaluation of the liability every three years in addition to routine annual assessments. As a result of this assessment, the accrued closure obligation for our active mining operations decreased from $96.0 million at December 31, 2007 to $86.8 million at December 31, 2008. The liability provides for contractual and legal obligations associated with the eventual closure of the mining operations. We determined the obligations based on detailed estimates adjusted for factors that a market participant would consider (i.e., inflation, overhead and profit), escalated at an assumed 3.5 percent rate of inflation to the estimated closure dates, and then discounted using the current credit-adjusted risk-free interest rate based on the corresponding life of mine. The estimate also incorporates incremental increases in the closure cost estimates and changes in estimates of mine lives. The closure date for each location was determined based on the exhaustion date of the remaining iron ore reserves. The accretion of the liability and amortization of the related asset is recognized over the estimated mine lives for each location. The $9.2 million decrease in the liability is primarily attributable to an increase in the life of mine at Empire and the resulting impact on future estimated cash flows. The following represents a rollforward of our asset retirement obligation liability related to our active mining locations for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007:

 	  	(In Millions)	
 	  	December 31,	
 	  	2008	 	 	2007	
Asset retirement obligation at beginning of period	  	$	96.0	 	 	$	62.7	
Accretion expense	  	 	7.3	 	 	 	6.6	
PinnOak acquisition	  	 	—  	 	 	 	19.9	
Sonoma investment	  	 	—  	 	 	 	4.3	
Reclassification adjustments	  	 	1.0	 	 	 	1.1	
Exchange rate changes	  	 	(3.1	)	 	 	0.9	
Revision in estimated cash flows	  	 	(14.4	)	 	 	0.5	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Asset retirement obligation at end of period	  	$	86.8	 	 	$	96.0	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	
NOTE 8 — LEASE OBLIGATIONS
We lease certain mining, production and other equipment under operating and capital leases. The leases are for varying lengths, generally at market interest rates and contain purchase and/or renewal options at the end of the terms. Our operating lease expense was $20.8 million, $14.7 million and $14.2 million in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Capital leases were $73.9 million and $68.2 million at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Corresponding accumulated amortization of capital leases included in respective allowances for depreciation were $18.3 million and $15.2 million at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Future minimum payments under capital leases and non-cancellable operating leases at December 31, 2008 are as follows:

 	  	(In Millions)	
 	  	Capital
Leases	  	Operating
Leases	
2009	  	$	11.6	  	$	26.3	
2010	  	 	10.6	  	 	24.6	
2011	  	 	10.3	  	 	20.3	
2012	  	 	10.0	  	 	15.4	
2013	  	 	8.9	  	 	15.5	
2014 and thereafter	  	 	31.3	  	 	32.9	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	
Total minimum lease payments	  	 	82.7	  	$	135.0	
	  			  	 	 	
Amounts representing interest	  	 	20.4	  			
	  	 	 	  			
Present value of net minimum lease payments	  	$	62.3	  			

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
Total minimum capital lease payments of $82.7 million include $5.2 million and $77.5 million, for our North American Iron Ore segment and Asia Pacific Iron Ore segment, respectively. Total minimum operating lease payments of $135.0 million include $124.9 million for our North American Iron Ore segment, $9.9 million for our Asia Pacific Iron Ore segment, and $0.2 million for our North American Coal segment.
NOTE 9 — PENSIONS AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS
We offer defined benefit pension plans, defined contribution pension plans and other postretirement benefit plans to most employees in our North American Iron Ore operations as part of a total compensation and benefits program. Employees of the North American Coal segment receive similar benefits as our North American Iron Ore operations, except for defined benefit plans. We do not have employee retirement benefit obligations at our Asia Pacific operations.
The defined benefit pension plans are largely noncontributory and benefits are generally based on employees’ years of service and average earnings for a defined period prior to retirement or a minimum formula. On September 12, 2006, the Company’s Board of Directors approved modifications to the pension benefits provided to salaried participants. The modifications retroactively reinstated the final average pay benefit formula (previously terminated and replaced with a cash balance formula in July 2003) to allow for additional accruals through June 30, 2008 or the continuation of benefits under an improved cash balance formula, whichever is greater. The change increased the PBO by $15.1 million and pension expense by $1.1 million in 2006. On October 6, 2008, the USW ratified a new four-year labor contract, which replaces the labor agreement that expired on September 1, 2008. The new agreement covers approximately 2,300 USW-represented workers at our Empire and Tilden mines in Michigan, and our United Taconite and Hibbing mines in Minnesota. The changes enhanced the minimum pension formula by increasing the benefit dollar multipliers and renewed the lump sum special payments for certain employees retiring in the near future. The changes also included renewal of payments to surviving spouses of certain retirees. The result of the changes is an increase of $5.6 million in PBO and $1.8 million in 2008 pension expense.
In addition, we currently provide various levels of retirement health care and OPEB to most full-time employees who meet certain length of service and age requirements (a portion of which are pursuant to collective bargaining agreements). Most plans require retiree contributions and have deductibles, co-pay requirements, and benefit limits. Most bargaining unit plans require retiree contributions and co-pays for major medical and prescription drug coverage. There is an annual limit on our cost for medical coverage under the U.S. salaried plans. The annual limit applies to each covered participant and equals $7,000 for coverage prior to age 65 and $3,000 for coverage after age 65, with the retiree’s participation adjusted based on the age at which retiree’s benefits commence. For participants at our Northshore operation, the annual limit ranges from $4,020 to $4,500 for coverage prior to age 65, and equals $2,000 for coverage after age 65. Covered participants pay an amount for coverage equal to the excess of (i) the average cost of coverage for all covered participants, over (ii) the participant’s individual limit, but in no event will the participant’s cost be less than 15 percent of the average cost of coverage for all covered participants. For Northshore participants, the minimum participant cost is a fixed dollar amount. We do not provide OPEB for most U.S. salaried employees hired after January 1, 1993. OPEB are provided through programs administered by insurance companies whose charges are based on benefits paid.
Our North American Coal segment is required under an agreement with the UMWA to pay amounts into the UMWA pension trusts based principally on hours worked by UMWA-represented employees. These multi-employer pension trusts provide benefits to eligible retirees through a defined benefit plan. The UMWA 1993 Benefit Plan is a defined contribution plan that was created as the result of negotiations for the NBCWA of 1993. The Plan provides healthcare insurance to orphan UMWA retirees who are not eligible to participate in the Combined Fund or the 1992 Benefit Fund or whose last employer signed the 1993 or later NBCWA and who subsequently goes out of business. Contributions to the Trust are at a rate of $5.27 in 2008 and $4.00 in 2007 per hour worked and amounted to $9.8 million in 2008 and $2.6 million for the five-month period in 2007 after the PinnOak acquisition.
 
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
Pursuant to the four-year labor agreements reached with the USW for U.S. employees, effective January 1, 2009, negotiated plan changes removed the cap on our share of future bargaining unit retirees’ healthcare premiums and provided a maximum on the amount retirees will contribute for health care benefits during the term of the agreement. The agreements also provide that we and our partners fund an estimated $90 million into bargaining unit pension plans and VEBAs during the term of the contracts.
In December 2003, The Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003 was enacted. This act introduced a prescription drug benefit under Medicare Part D as well as a federal subsidy to sponsors of retiree healthcare benefit plans that provide a benefit that is at least actuarially equivalent to Medicare Part D. Our measures of the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation and net periodic postretirement benefit cost as of December 31, 2004, and for periods thereafter reflect amounts associated with the subsidy. As a result, OPEB expense for 2008, 2007 and 2006 reflect estimated cost reductions of $2.8 million, $2.5 million and $3.0 million, respectively. We elected to adopt the retroactive transition method for recognizing the OPEB cost reduction in 2004. The following table summarizes the annual costs related to the retirement plans for 2008, 2007 and 2006:

 	  	(In Millions)	
 	  	2008	  	2007	  	2006	
Defined benefit pension plans	  	$	20.3	  	$	17.4	  	$	23.0	
Defined contribution pension plans	  	 	7.2	  	 	5.1	  	 	4.6	
Other postretirement benefits	  	 	8.6	  	 	4.5	  	 	9.8	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	
Total	  	$	36.1	  	$	27.0	  	$	37.4	

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
The following tables and information provide additional disclosures for our consolidated plans.
Obligations and Funded Status
The following tables and information provide additional disclosures for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007:

 	  	(In Millions)	 	
 	  	Pension Benefits	 	 	Other Benefits	 	
Change in benefit obligations:	  	2008	 	 	2007	 	 	2008	 	 	2007	 	
Benefit obligations — beginning of year	  	$	680.8	 	 	$	706.7	 	 	$	252.7	 	 	$	272.2	 	
Service cost (excluding expenses)	  	 	12.6	 	 	 	11.4	 	 	 	3.4	 	 	 	2.1	 	
Interest cost	  	 	41.4	 	 	 	38.9	 	 	 	16.3	 	 	 	14.5	 	
Plan amendments	  	 	6.7	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	33.7	 	 	 	—  	 	
Actuarial loss (gain)	  	 	11.7	 	 	 	(29.8	)	 	 	16.2	 	 	 	(28.0	)	
Benefits paid	  	 	(46.6	)	 	 	(46.4	)	 	 	(19.7	)	 	 	(22.4	)	
Participant contributions	  	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	3.6	 	 	 	3.3	 	
Federal subsidy on benefits paid	  	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	1.2	 	 	 	1.2	 	
Acquisitions	  	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	9.8	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Benefit obligations — end of year	  	$	706.6	 	 	$	680.8	 	 	$	307.4	 	 	$	252.7	 	

Change in plan assets:	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Fair value of plan assets — beginning of year	  	$	596.3	 	 	$	568.7	 	 	$	126.7	 	 	$	114.9	 	
Actual return on plan assets	  	 	(118.2	)	 	 	41.5	 	 	 	(39.8	)	 	 	6.7	 	
Employer contributions	  	 	24.9	 	 	 	32.5	 	 	 	4.8	 	 	 	5.2	 	
Asset transfers	  	 	(0.4	)	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	
Benefits paid	  	 	(46.6	)	 	 	(46.4	)	 	 	(0.1	)	 	 	(0.1	)	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Fair value of plan assets — end of year	  	$	456.0	 	 	$	596.3	 	 	$	91.6	 	 	$	126.7	 	

Funded status at December 31:	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Fair value of plan assets	  	$	456.0	 	 	$	596.3	 	 	$	91.6	 	 	$	126.7	 	
Benefit obligations	  	 	(706.6	)	 	 	(680.8	)	 	 	(307.4	)	 	 	(252.7	)	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Funded status (plan assets less benefit obligations)	  	$	(250.6	)	 	$	(84.5	)	 	$	(215.8	)	 	$	(126.0	)	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Amount recognized at December 31	  	$	(250.6	)	 	$	(84.5	)	 	$	(215.8	)	 	$	(126.0	)	

Amounts recognized in Statements of Financial Position:	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Noncurrent assets	  	$	—  	 	 	$	6.7	 	 	$	—  	 	 	$	—  	 	
Current liabilities	  	 	(0.5	)	 	 	(1.5	)	 	 	(17.9	)	 	 	(11.2	)	
Noncurrent liabilities	  	 	(250.1	)	 	 	(89.7	)	 	 	(197.9	)	 	 	(114.8	)	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net amount recognized	  	$	(250.6	)	 	$	(84.5	)	 	$	(215.8	)	 	$	(126.0	)	

Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income:	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net actuarial loss	  	$	327.8	 	 	$	160.0	 	 	$	131.3	 	 	$	70.8	 	
Prior service (credit) cost	  	 	25.2	 	 	 	22.4	 	 	 	15.3	 	 	 	(22.2	)	
Transition asset	  	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	(12.1	)	 	 	(15.1	)	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net amount recognized	  	$	353.0	 	 	$	182.4	 	 	$	134.5	 	 	$	33.5	 	

The estimated amounts that will be amortized from accumulated other
comprehensive income into net periodic benefit cost in 2009:	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net actuarial loss	  	$	26.6	 	 				 	$	10.3	 	 				
Prior service cost	  	 	3.9	 	 				 	 	1.8	 	 				
Transition asset	  	 	—  	 	 				 	 	(3.0	)	 				
	  	 	 	 	 				 	 	 	 	 				
Net amount recognized	  	$	30.5	 	 				 	$	9.1	 	 				

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

 	  	(In Millions)	 	
 	  	2008	 	
 	  	Pension Plans	 	 	Other Postretirement Benefits	 	
 	  	Salaried	 	 	Hourly	 	 	Mining	 	 	SERP	 	 	Total	 	 	Salaried	 	 	Hourly	 	 	Total	 	
Fair value of plan assets	  	$	178.2	 	 	$	277.6	 	 	$	0.2	 	 	$	—  	 	 	$	456.0	 	 	$	—  	 	 	$	91.6	 	 	$	91.6	 	
Benefit obligation	  	 	(250.4	)	 	 	(449.2	)	 	 	(2.0	)	 	 	(5.0	)	 	 	(706.6	)	 	 	(52.4	)	 	 	(255.0	)	 	 	(307.4	)	
Funded status	  	$	(72.2	)	 	$	(171.6	)	 	$	(1.8	)	 	$	(5.0	)	 	$	(250.6	)	 	$	(52.4	)	 	$	(163.4	)	 	$	(215.8	)	
		
 	  	2007	 	
 	  	Pension Plans	 	 	Other Postretirement Benefits	 	
 	  	Salaried	 	 	Hourly	 	 	Mining	 	 	SERP	 	 	Total	 	 	Salaried	 	 	Hourly	 	 	Total	 	
Fair value of plan assets	  	$	253.4	 	 	$	342.8	 	 	$	0.1	 	 	$	—  	 	 	$	596.3	 	 	$	—  	 	 	$	126.7	 	 	$	126.7	 	
Benefit obligation	  	 	(243.4	)	 	 	(430.6	)	 	 	(1.6	)	 	 	(5.2	)	 	 	(680.8	)	 	 	(54.8	)	 	 	(197.9	)	 	 	(252.7	)	
Funded status	  	$	10.0	 	 	$	(87.8	)	 	$	(1.5	)	 	$	(5.2	)	 	$	(84.5	)	 	$	(54.8	)	 	$	(71.2	)	 	$	(126.0	)	
The accumulated benefit obligation for all defined benefit pension plans was $693.2 million and $657.6 million at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Recent deterioration in the securities markets has negatively impacted the value of the assets included in our defined benefit pension plans and postretirement welfare plans based upon the value of our plan assets and obligations at December 31, 2008. The decline in fair value of our plan assets, combined with negotiated plan changes, has resulted in increased total estimated pension and OPEB costs for 2009 of $71.5 million as compared to total benefit costs of $28.9 million in 2008. Further, the decline in fair value has resulted in estimated cash contributions for 2009 of $67.4 million in accordance with our current funding strategy, which is $22.8 million higher than our 2008 funding.
Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost

 	  	(In Millions)	 	
 	  	Pension Benefits	 	 	Other Benefits	 	
 	  	2008	 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	 	2008	 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	
Service cost	  	$	12.6	 	 	$	11.4	 	 	$	10.1	 	 	$	3.4	 	 	$	2.1	 	 	$	2.2	 	
Interest cost	  	 	41.4	 	 	 	38.9	 	 	 	38.2	 	 	 	16.3	 	 	 	14.5	 	 	 	14.8	 	
Expected return on plan assets	  	 	(48.3	)	 	 	(47.1	)	 	 	(42.6	)	 	 	(10.4	)	 	 	(10.1	)	 	 	(8.2	)	
Amortization:	  				 				 				 				 				 				
Net (asset)	  	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	(2.1	)	 	 	(3.0	)	 	 	(3.0	)	 	 	(3.0	)	
Prior service costs (credits)	  	 	4.0	 	 	 	3.8	 	 	 	2.8	 	 	 	(3.8	)	 	 	(5.6	)	 	 	(5.6	)	
Net actuarial loss	  	 	10.6	 	 	 	10.4	 	 	 	16.6	 	 	 	6.1	 	 	 	6.5	 	 	 	9.6	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net periodic benefit cost	  	$	20.3	 	 	$	17.4	 	 	$	23.0	 	 	$	8.6	 	 	$	4.4	 	 	$	9.8	 	
Current year actuarial (gain)/loss	  	 	178.2	 	 	 	(24.0	)	 	 	N/A	 	 	 	66.6	 	 	 	(24.5	)	 	 	N/A	 	
Amortization of net (loss)	  	 	(10.6	)	 	 	(10.4	)	 	 	N/A	 	 	 	(6.1	)	 	 	(6.5	)	 	 	N/A	 	
Current year prior service cost	  	 	6.7	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	N/A	 	 	 	33.7	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	N/A	 	
Amortization of prior service (cost) credit	  	 	(4.0	)	 	 	(3.8	)	 	 	N/A	 	 	 	3.8	 	 	 	5.6	 	 	 	N/A	 	
Amortization of transition asset	  	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	N/A	 	 	 	3.0	 	 	 	3.0	 	 	 	N/A	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 				 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 				
Total recognized in other comprehensive income	  	$	170.3	 	 	$	(38.2	)	 	 	N/A	 	 	$	101.0	 	 	$	(22.4	)	 	 	N/A	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 				 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 				
Total recognized in net periodic cost and other comprehensive income	  	$	190.6	 	 	$	(20.8	)	 	 	N/A	 	 	$	109.6	 	 	$	(18.0	)	 	 	N/A	 	

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
Additional Information

 	  	(In Millions)	
 	  	Pension Benefits	  	Other Benefits	
 	  	2008	 	 	2007	  	2006	  	2008	 	 	2007	  	2006	
Effect of change in mine ownership & minority interest	  	$	50.4	 	 	$	45.8	  	$	47.0	  	$	8.6	 	 	$	5.4	  	$	7.1	
Actual return on plan assets	  	 	(118.2	)	 	 	41.5	  	 	60.3	  	 	(39.8	)	 	 	6.6	  	 	12.8	
Assumptions
Our 2008 discount rate of 6.00 percent remained consistent with 2007. The U.S. discount rates are determined by matching the projected cash flows used to determine the PBO and APBO to a projected yield curve of approximately 300 Aa graded bonds in the 10th to 90th percentiles. These bonds are either noncallable or callable with make-whole provisions. The duration matching produced rates ranging from 5.99 percent to 6.08 percent for our plans. Based upon these results, we selected a December 31, 2008 discount rate of 6.00 percent for our plans.
Weighted-average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations at December 31 were:

 	  	Pension Benefits	 	 	Other Benefits	 	
 	  	    2008    	 	 	    2007    	 	 	    2008    	 	 	    2007    	 	
Discount rate	  	6.00	%	 	6.00	%	 	6.00	%	 	6.00	%	
Rate of compensation increase	  	4.00	 	 	4.13	 	 	4.00	 	 	4.50	 	
Weighted-average assumptions used to determine net benefit cost for the years 2008, 2007 and 2006 were:

 	  	Pension Benefits	 	 	Other Benefits	 	
 	  	2008	 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	 	2008	 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	
Discount rate	  	6.00/7.00	%(1)	 	5.75	%	 	5.50/5.75	%(2)	 	6.00	%	 	5.75	%	 	5.50	%	
Expected return on plan assets	  	8.50	 	 	8.50	 	 	8.50	 	 	8.50	 	 	8.50	 	 	8.50	 	
Rate of compensation increase	  	4.13	 	 	4.16	 	 	4.12	 	 	4.50	 	 	4.50	 	 	4.50	 	

(1)	The 2008 fiscal year SFAS 87 expense was re-measured on October 7, 2008 at 7.00 percent to recognize benefit improvements for hourly employees due to union negotiations.	
 
(2)	The 2006 fiscal year SFAS 87 expense was re-measured on September 12, 2006 at 5.75 percent to recognize benefit improvements for salaried participants.	
Assumed health care cost trend rates at December 31 were:

 	  	2008	 	 	2007	 	
Health care cost trend rate assumed for next year	  	6.50	%	 	7.00	%	
Ultimate health care cost trend rate	  	5.00	 	 	5.00	 	
Year that the ultimate rate is reached	  	2012	 	 	2012	 	
Assumed health care cost trend rates have a significant effect on the amounts reported for the health care plans. A change of one percentage point in assumed health care cost trend rates would have the following effects:

 	  	(In Millions)	 	
 	  	Increase	  	Decrease	 	
Effect on total of service and interest cost	  	$	2.9	  	$	(2.3	)	
Effect on postretirement benefit obligation	  	 	32.1	  	 	(26.3	)	
 
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
Plan Assets
The returns and risks associated with alternative investment strategies in relation to the current and projected liabilities of the various pension and VEBA plans are reviewed regularly to determine appropriate asset  allocation strategies for each plan.
Pension
The pension plan asset allocation at December 31, 2008, and 2007, and the target allocation for 2009 are as follows:

Asset Category	  	2009
Target
Allocation	 	 	Percentage of
Plan Assets at
December 31,	 	
	  			 	2008	 	 	2007	 	
Equity securities	  	46.0	%	 	43.2	%	 	53.0	%	
Debt securities	  	35.0	 	 	36.3	 	 	32.6	 	
Real estate	  	4.0	 	 	5.2	 	 	4.2	 	
Hedge funds	  	15.0	 	 	15.2	 	 	10.1	 	
Cash	  	—  	 	 	0.1	 	 	0.1	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total	  	100.0	%	 	100.0	%	 	100.0	%	

							
 	  	(In Millions)
Assets at
December 31,	
Asset Category	  	2008	  	2007	
Equity securities	  	$	197.2	  	$	315.8	
Debt securities	  	 	165.4	  	 	194.0	
Real estate	  	 	23.5	  	 	25.3	
Hedge funds	  	 	69.2	  	 	60.4	
Cash	  	 	0.7	  	 	0.8	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	
Total	  	$	456.0	  	$	596.3	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	
The expected return on plan assets represents the weighted average of expected returns for each asset category. Expected returns are determined based on historical performance, adjusted for current trends. The expected return is net of benefit plan expenses.
VEBA
Assets for other benefits include VEBA trusts pursuant to bargaining agreements that are available to fund retired employees’ life insurance obligations and medical benefits. The other benefit plan asset allocation at December 31, 2008, and 2007, and target allocation for 2009 are as follows:

Asset Category	  	2009
Target
Allocation	 	 	Percentage of
Plan Assets at
December 31,	 	
	  			 	2008	 	 	2007	 	
Equity securities	  	49.9	%	 	48.4	%	 	58.8	%	
Debt securities	  	35.2	 	 	36.6	 	 	36.0	 	
Hedge funds	  	14.9	 	 	14.8	 	 	5.0	 	
Cash	  	—  	 	 	0.2	 	 	0.2	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total	  	100.0	%	 	100.0	%	 	100.0	%	

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

 	  	(In Millions)
Assets at
December 31,	
Asset Category	  	2008	  	2007	
Equity securities	  	$	44.3	  	$	74.5	
Debt securities	  	 	33.5	  	 	45.6	
Hedge funds	  	 	13.6	  	 	6.4	
Cash	  	 	0.2	  	 	0.2	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	
Total	  	$	91.6	  	$	126.7	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	
The expected return on plan assets represents the weighted average of expected returns for each asset category. Expected returns are determined based on historical performance, adjusted for current trends. The expected return is net of benefit plan expenses.
Annual contributions to the pension plans are made within income tax deductibility restrictions in accordance with statutory regulations. In the event of plan termination, the plan sponsors could be required to fund additional shutdown and early retirement obligations that are not included in the pension obligations.

 	  	(In Millions)	
 	  	 	  	Other Benefits	
Company Contributions	  	Pension
Benefits	  	VEBA	  	Direct
Payments	  	Total	
	  		  		  		  		
2007	  	$	32.5	  	$	5.2	  	$	17.8	  	$	23.0	
2008	  	 	24.9	  	 	4.8	  	 	14.9	  	 	19.7	
2009 (Expected)*	  	 	32.1	  	 	17.4	  	 	17.9	  	 	35.3	

*	Pursuant to the bargaining agreement, benefits can be paid from VEBA trusts that are at least 70 percent funded (no VEBA trusts are 70 percent funded at December 31, 2008).	
VEBA plans are not subject to minimum regulatory funding requirements. Amounts contributed are pursuant to bargaining agreements.
Contributions by participants to the other benefit plans were $3.6 million and $3.3 million for years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
We are currently considering various options for the amount to be contributed to the pension plans during  2009. The amounts shown are subject to modification based upon finalization of our funding strategy.
Estimated Cost for 2009
For 2009, we estimate net periodic benefit cost as follows:

 	  	(In Millions)	
Defined benefit pension plans	  	$	48.3	
Defined contribution plans	  	 	7.5	
Other postretirement benefits	  	 	23.2	
	  	 	 	
Total	  	$	79.0	

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
Estimated Company Benefit Payments

   	  	(In Millions)	
 	  	Pension
Benefits	  	Other Benefits	
	  		  	Gross
Company
Benefits	  	Less
Medicare
Subsidy	  	Net
Company
Payments	
          2009	  	$	50.9	  	$	19.1	  	$	1.2	  	$	17.9	
          2010	  	 	53.8	  	 	20.1	  	 	1.1	  	 	19.0	
          2011	  	 	53.0	  	 	21.2	  	 	1.1	  	 	20.1	
          2012	  	 	57.5	  	 	22.1	  	 	1.2	  	 	20.9	
          2013	  	 	55.1	  	 	22.6	  	 	1.3	  	 	21.3	
2014-2018	  	 	296.4	  	 	124.0	  	 	8.1	  	 	115.9	
Other Potential Benefit Obligations
While the foregoing reflects our obligation, our total exposure in the event of non-performance is potentially greater. Following is a summary comparison of the total obligation:

 	  	(In Millions)
December 31, 2008	 	
 	  	Defined
Benefit
Pensions	 	 	Other
Benefits	 	
Fair value of plan assets	  	$	456.0	 	 	$	91.6	 	
Benefit obligation	  	 	706.6	 	 	 	307.4	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Underfunded status of plan	  	$	(250.6	)	 	$	(215.8	)	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Additional shutdown and early retirement benefits	  	$	62.1	 	 	$	23.4	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
NOTE 10 — INCOME TAXES
Income from continuing operations before income taxes and minority interest includes the following components:

 	  	(In Millions)	
 	  	2008	  	2007	  	2006	
United States	  	$	566.6	  	$	312.3	  	$	304.9	
Foreign	  	 	149.7	  	 	68.4	  	 	82.9	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	
	  	$	716.3	  	$	380.7	  	$	387.8	

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
The components of the provision for income taxes on continuing operations consist of the following:

 	  	(In Millions)	 	
 	  	2008	 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	
Current provision:	  				 				 				
United States federal	  	$	151.4	 	 	$	67.7	 	 	$	59.0	 	
United States state & local	  	 	3.7	 	 	 	1.0	 	 	 	2.1	 	
Foreign	  	 	77.6	 	 	 	48.5	 	 	 	34.6	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
	  	 	232.7	 	 	 	117.2	 	 	 	95.7	 	
Deferred provision (benefit):	  				 				 				
United States federal	  	 	(54.1	)	 	 	(12.7	)	 	 	10.4	 	
United States state & local	  	 	(4.1	)	 	 	(2.9	)	 	 	(0.5	)	
Foreign	  	 	(30.3	)	 	 	(17.5	)	 	 	(14.7	)	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
	  	 	(88.5	)	 	 	(33.1	)	 	 	(4.8	)	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total provision on continuing operations	  	$	144.2	 	 	$	84.1	 	 	$	90.9	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Reconciliation of our income tax attributable to continuing operations computed at the United States federal statutory rate is as follows:

 	  	(In Millions)	 	
 	  	2008	 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	
Tax at U.S. statutory rate of 35 percent	  	$	250.6	 	 	$	133.3	 	 	$	135.7	 	
Increase (decrease) due to:	  				 				 				
Percentage depletion in excess of cost depletion	  	 	(101.1	)	 	 	(46.9	)	 	 	(32.7	)	
Tax effect of foreign operations	  	 	(6.5	)	 	 	(6.6	)	 	 	(8.6	)	
State taxes, net	  	 	(0.7	)	 	 	(2.4	)	 	 	1.6	 	
Manufacturer’s deduction	  	 	(6.9	)	 	 	(4.3	)	 	 	(1.2	)	
Valuation allowance	  	 	(0.8	)	 	 	13.0	 	 	 	—  	 	
Other items—net	  	 	9.6	 	 	 	(2.0	)	 	 	(3.9	)	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Income tax expense	  	$	144.2	 	 	$	84.1	 	 	$	90.9	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
The 2008 effective tax rate of 20.1 percent reflects benefits from deductions for percentage depletion in excess of cost depletion related to U.S. operations as well as benefits derived from operations outside of the U.S., which are taxed at rates lower than the U.S. statutory rate of 35 percent.
The components of income taxes for other than continuing operations consisted of the following:

 	  	(In Millions)	 	
 	  	2008	 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	
Discontinued operations	  	$	—  	 	 	$	0.2	 	 	$	0.2	 	
Other comprehensive (income) loss:	  				 				 				
Minimum pension/OPEB liability	  	 	(99.8	)	 	 	20.1	 	 	 	9.7	 	
Mark-to-market adjustments	  	 	(1.4	)	 	 	7.1	 	 	 	6.9	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
	  	 	(101.2	)	 	 	27.2	 	 	 	16.6	 	
Cumulative effect of implementing SFAS 158	  	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	(60.4	)	
Paid in capital—stock based compensation	  	 	(3.5	)	 	 	(4.3	)	 	 	1.4	 	
 
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
Significant components of our deferred tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 are as follows:

 	  	(In Millions)	 	
 	  	2008	  	2007	 	
Deferred tax assets:	  			  				
Pensions	  	$	114.8	  	$	48.6	 	
Postretirement benefits other than pensions	  	 	77.9	  	 	38.5	 	
Alternative minimum tax credit carryforwards	  	 	67.6	  	 	20.4	 	
Capital loss carryforwards	  	 	—  	  	 	13.2	 	
Development	  	 	15.1	  	 	13.6	 	
Asset retirement obligations	  	 	22.8	  	 	18.4	 	
Operating loss carryforwards	  	 	11.1	  	 	13.4	 	
Product inventories	  	 	31.6	  	 	10.6	 	
Contingent purchase price	  	 	—  	  	 	43.7	 	
Properties	  	 	39.4	  	 	—  	 	
Financial Derivatives	  	 	33.5	  	 	—  	 	
Other liabilities	  	 	75.5	  	 	49.1	 	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Total deferred tax assets before valuation allowance	  	 	489.3	  	 	269.5	 	
Deferred tax asset valuation allowance	  	 	17.6	  	 	26.3	 	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Net deferred tax assets	  	 	471.7	  	 	243.2	 	
Deferred tax liabilities:	  			  				
Properties	  	 	86.7	  	 	257.0	 	
Investment in ventures	  	 	102.6	  	 	99.4	 	
FIN 48	  	 	14.1	  	 	0.2	 	
Other assets	  	 	32.6	  	 	16.8	 	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Total deferred tax liabilities	  	 	236.0	  	 	373.4	 	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)	  	$	235.7	  	$	(130.2	)	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	 	
The total net deferred tax liability of $130.2 at December 31, 2007 changed to a total net deferred tax asset of $235.7 at December 31, 2008. This change in balance is primarily attributable to the increase in deferred tax assets related to financial derivatives, pension and postretirement benefits, as well as the acquisition of the remaining minority shares of Portman during the quarter that provided for an adjustment to the historic tax basis of Portman’s assets to approximate the price paid for the shares.
 
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
The deferred tax amounts are classified on the Statements of Consolidated Financial Position as current or long-term in accordance with the asset or liability to which they relate. Following is a summary:

 	  	(In Millions)	 	
 	  	2008	  	2007	 	
Deferred tax assets:	  			  				
United States	  			  				
Current	  	$	28.0	  	$	17.3	 	
Long-term	  	 	178.2	  	 	42.1	 	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Total United States	  	 	206.2	  	 	59.4	 	
Foreign	  			  				
Current	  	 	23.8	  	 	0.6	 	
Long-term	  	 	73.0	  	 	—  	 	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Total deferred tax assets	  	 	303.0	  	 	60.0	 	
Deferred tax liabilities:	  			  				
Foreign	  			  				
Current	  	 	—  	  	 	2.6	 	
Long-term	  	 	67.3	  	 	187.6	 	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Total deferred tax liabilities	  	 	67.3	  	 	190.2	 	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)	  	$	235.7	  	$	(130.2	)	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	 	
At December 31, 2008 and 2007, we had $67.6 million and $20.4 million, respectively, of deferred tax assets related to United States alternative minimum tax credits that can be carried forward indefinitely.
We had United States state and foreign net operating losses of $85.4 million and $38.9 million, respectively, at December 31, 2008. The state net operating losses will begin to expire in 2022, and the foreign net operating loss can be carried forward indefinitely. The tax benefit related to the foreign net operating loss carryforward is $11.1 million.
Gross deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 have been reduced by $17.6 million and $26.3 million, respectively, to amounts that are considered more-likely-than-not to be realized. At December 31, 2008 our valuation allowance maintained against certain gross deferred tax assets decreased by $8.7 million, which primarily includes a provision of $17.6 million and a release of $26.3 million related to the utilization of Australian net operating losses and the write-off of the deferred tax asset related to Australian capital losses. Of the $26.3 million, $13.2 million was reflected through goodwill. 
At December 31, 2008, cumulative undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries included in consolidated retained earnings amounted to $195.7 million. These earnings are indefinitely reinvested in international operations. Accordingly, no provision has been made for deferred taxes related to a future repatriation of these earnings, nor is it practicable to estimate the amount of income taxes that would have to be provided if we were to conclude that such earnings will be remitted in the foreseeable future.
On January 1, 2007, we adopted the provisions of FIN 48. FIN 48 prescribes a more-likely-than-not threshold for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken (or expected to be taken) in a tax return. This Interpretation also provides guidance on derecognition of income tax assets and liabilities, classification of current and deferred income tax assets and liabilities, accounting for interest and penalties associated with tax positions, accounting for income taxes in interim periods and income tax disclosures. The effects of applying this Interpretation resulted in a decrease of $7.7 million to retained earnings as of January 1, 2007.
 
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:

 	  	(In Millions)	
 	  	2008	 	 	2007	
Unrecognized tax benefits balance as of January 1	  	$	15.2	 	 	$	12.3	
Increases for tax positions in prior years	  	 	19.9	 	 	 	2.9	
Increases for tax positions in current year	  	 	24.9	 	 	 	—  	
Increase (decrease) due to foreign exchange	  	 	(1.6	)	 	 	—  	
Settlements	  	 	(4.7	)	 	 	—  	
Lapses in statutes of limitations	  	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Unrecognized tax benefits balance as of December 31	  	$	53.7	 	 	$	15.2	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	
At December 31, 2008 and 2007, we had $53.7 million and $15.2 million, respectively, of unrecognized tax benefits recorded in Other liabilities on the Statements of Consolidated Financial Position. If the $53.7 million were recognized, $50.7 million would impact the effective tax rate. It is reasonably possible that unrecognized tax benefits will significantly decrease within the next 12 months as a result of settlement of an audit. An estimate of the range of the possible change cannot be reasonably determined at this time. We recognized potential accrued interest and penalties of $5.8 million related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense in 2008. At December 31, 2008 and 2007, we had $11.6 million and $11.0 million, respectively, of accrued interest related to the unrecognized tax benefits.
Tax years that remain subject to examination are years 2003 and forward for the United States, 1993 and forward for Canada, and 1994 and forward for Australia.
NOTE 11 — FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
We adopted the provisions of SFAS 157 as of January 1, 2008, with respect to financial instruments. We have deferred the adoption of SFAS 157 with respect to non-financial assets and liabilities in accordance with the provisions of FSP FAS 157-2. Items that are recognized or disclosed at fair value for which we have not applied the provisions of SFAS 157 include asset retirement obligations, guarantees and certain other items. No transition adjustment was necessary as of January 1, 2008 upon the adoption of SFAS 157. We have also applied the provisions of FSP FAS 157-3 in our assessment of the fair values of our financial assets and liabilities accounted for under SFAS 157.
The following represents the financial assets and liabilities of the Company measured at fair value on a recurring basis in accordance with SFAS 157 at December 31, 2008:

 	  	(In Millions)	
Description	  	Quoted Prices in Active
Markets for Identical
Assets/Liabilities
(Level 1)	  	Significant Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)	  	Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)	  	Total	
Assets:	  			  			  			  			
Cash equivalents	  	$	40.4	  	$	—  	  	$	—  	  	$	40.4	
Derivative assets	  	 	—  	  	 	—  	  	 	76.6	  	 	76.6	
Marketable securities	  	 	10.9	  	 	0.3	  	 	—  	  	 	11.2	
Foreign exchange contracts	  	 	—  	  	 	0.9	  	 	—  	  	 	0.9	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	
Total	  	$	51.3	  	$	1.2	  	$	76.6	  	$	129.1	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	
Liabilities:	  			  			  			  			
Interest rate swap	  	$	—  	  	$	2.6	  	$	—  	  	$	2.6	
Foreign exchange contracts	  	 	—  	  	 	111.8	  	 	—  	  	 	111.8	
Derivative liabilities	  	 	—  	  	 	—  	  	 	114.2	  	 	114.2	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	
Total	  	$	—  	  	$	114.4	  	$	114.2	  	$	228.6	

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
Financial assets classified in Level 1 at December 31, 2008 include money market funds and available-for-sale marketable securities. The valuation of these instruments is determined using a market approach, taking into account current interest rates, creditworthiness, and liquidity risks in relation to current market conditions, and is based upon unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets in active markets.
The valuation of financial assets and liabilities classified in Level 2 is determined using a market approach based upon quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, or other inputs that are observable for substantially the full term of the financial instrument. Level 2 securities primarily include derivative financial instruments valued using financial models that use as their basis readily observable market parameters. At December 31, 2008, such derivative financial instruments include substantially all of our foreign exchange hedge contracts and interest rate exchange agreements. The fair value of the interest rate swap and foreign exchange hedge contracts is based on a forward LIBOR curve and forward market prices, respectively, and represents the estimated amount we would receive or pay to terminate these agreements at the reporting date, taking into account current interest rates, creditworthiness, nonperformance risk, and liquidity risks associated with current market conditions. 
The derivative financial asset classified within Level 3 is an embedded derivative instrument included in certain supply agreements with one of our customers. The agreements include provisions for supplemental revenue or refunds based on the customer’s annual steel pricing at the time the product is consumed in the customer’s blast furnaces. We account for this provision as a derivative instrument at the time of sale and record this provision at fair value, based on an income approach when the product is consumed and the amounts are settled, as an adjustment to revenue. The fair value of the instrument is determined based on a future price of the average hot rolled steel price at certain steelmaking facilities and other inflationary indices, and takes into consideration current market conditions and nonperformance risk.
The derivative financial liabilities classified within Level 3 are comprised of two instruments. One of the instruments is a derivative included in the purchase agreement for the acquisition of the remaining 30 percent interest in United Taconite. The agreement contains a penalty provision in the event the 1.2 million tons of pellets, included as part of the purchase consideration, are not delivered by a specified date. The derivative instrument associated with the undelivered pellets is based on the future Eastern Canadian pellet price. The instrument is marked to fair value each reporting period, using a market approach, until the pellets are delivered and the amounts are settled. The fair value of the instrument is determined based on the remaining amount of tons to be delivered, the percentage of estimated iron units and the current Eastern Canadian pellet price per iron unit, and also takes into consideration current market conditions and other risks, including nonperformance risk.
Level 3 derivative liabilities also include freestanding derivatives related to certain supply agreements primarily with our Asia Pacific customers that provide for discounts on December 2008 shipments based on the ultimate settlement of the 2009 international benchmark pricing provisions. The discount provisions are characterized as freestanding derivatives and are required to be accounted for separately once the iron ore is shipped. The derivative instrument, which is settled and billed once the 2009 international benchmark price is settled, is marked to fair value as a revenue adjustment each reporting period based upon the estimated forward settlement until the benchmark is actually settled. The fair value of the instrument is determined based on the forward price expectation of the 2009 annual international benchmark price and takes into account current market conditions and other risks, including nonperformance risk.
Substantially all of the financial assets and liabilities are carried at fair value or contracted amounts that approximate fair value. We had no financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis in accordance with SFAS 157 at December 31, 2008.
 
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
The following represents a reconciliation of the changes in fair value of financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the year ended December 31, 2008:

 	  	(In Millions)	 	
 	  	December 31, 2008	 	
 	  	Derivative
Assets	 	 	Derivative
Liabilities	 	
Beginning balance—January 1, 2008	  	$	53.8	 	 	$	—  	 	
Total gains (losses)	  				 				
Included in earnings	  	 	386.0	 	 	 	(50.6	)	
Included in other comprehensive income	  	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	
Settlements	  	 	(363.2	)	 	 	(24.2	)	
Transfers in (out) of Level 3	  	 	—  	 	 	 	189.0	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Ending balance—December 31, 2008	  	$	76.6	 	 	$	114.2	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total gains (losses) for the period included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses on assets and liabilities still held at December 31, 2008	  	$	225.5	 	 	$	(50.6	)	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Gains included in earnings are reported in Product revenue on the Statement of Consolidated Operations for the year ended December 31, 2008.
With respect to changes in Level 3 financial instruments, transfers in during 2008 included the derivative instrument included in the purchase agreement for the acquisition of the remaining 30 percent interest in United Taconite and the discount pricing provisions on December 2008 shipments related to certain supply agreements with our Asia Pacific Iron Ore customers. In addition, we had freestanding derivatives related to certain supply agreements primarily with our Asia Pacific customers that provide for revenue or refunds based on the ultimate settlement of annual international benchmark pricing provisions. The pricing provisions are characterized as freestanding derivatives and are required to be accounted for separately once iron ore is shipped. The derivative instrument, which is settled and billed once the annual international benchmark price is settled, is marked to fair value as a revenue adjustment each reporting period based upon the estimated forward settlement until the benchmark is actually settled. The fair value of the instrument is determined based on the forward price expectation of the annual international benchmark price. We recognized $160.6 million as Product revenues on the Statement of Consolidated Operations for the year ended December 31, 2008, related to the 2008 pricing provisions. The derivative instrument was settled during the second quarter of 2008 upon settlement of annual international benchmark prices, and is therefore not reflected on the Statement of Consolidated Financial Position at December 31, 2008.
The carrying amount and fair value of our long-term receivables and long-term debt at December 31, 2008 and 2007 were as follows:

 	  	(In Millions)	
 	  	2008	  	2007	
 	  	Carrying
Value	  	Fair
Value	  	Carrying
Value	  	Fair
Value	
Long-term receivables (1)	  	$	43.4	  	$	46.3	  	$	50.0	  	$	61.4	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	
Long-term debt:	  			  			  			  			
Senior notes	  	$	325.0	  	$	277.9	  	$	—  	  	$	—  	
Term loan	  	 	200.0	  	 	200.0	  	 	200.0	  	 	200.0	
Revolving loan	  	 	—  	  	 	—  	  	 	240.0	  	 	240.0	
Customer borrowings	  	 	5.4	  	 	5.2	  	 	6.2	  	 	5.7	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	
Total long-term debt	  	$	530.4	  	$	483.1	  	$	446.2	  	$	445.7	

(1)	Includes currrent portion.	
 
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The fair value of the long-term receivable from ArcelorMittal USA of $46.1 million and $60.9 million at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, is based on a discount rate of 10 percent, which represents the estimated credit-adjusted risk-free interest rate at December 31, 2008 for the period the receivable is outstanding. Asia Pacific Iron Ore has a non-interest bearing rail credit receivable of $0.2 million and $0.5 million at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
The fair value of long-term debt was determined using quoted market prices or discounted cash flows based upon current borrowing rates. The term loan and revolving loan are variable rate interest and approximate fair value. See NOTE 5 — DEBT AND CREDIT FACILITIES.
NOTE 12 — STOCK COMPENSATION PLANS
Nonemployee Directors
The Directors’ Plan was amended in 2001 to authorize us to issue up to 800,000 common shares to Nonemployee Directors. The Directors’ Plan provides for Director Share Ownership Guidelines (“Guidelines”). A Director is required by the end of a four-year period to own either (i) a total of at least 8,000 common shares, or (ii) hold common shares with a market value of at least $100,000. If the Nonemployee Director does not meet the Guidelines assessed December 1, annually, the Nonemployee Director must take a portion of the annual retainer in common shares (“Required Retainer”) until such time the Nonemployee Director reaches the Guidelines. Once the Nonemployee Director meets the Guidelines, the Nonemployee Director may elect to receive the Required Retainer in cash. Prior to May 1, 2008, Nonemployee Directors not meeting the Guidelines had to take $15,000 of the annual retainer of $32,500 in common shares. Effective May 1, 2008, Nonemployee Directors not meeting the Guidelines must take $20,000 of the annual retainer of $50,000 in common shares.
In order to help Nonemployee Directors achieve their Guidelines, the Directors’ Plan also provides for an Annual Equity Grant (“Equity Grant”). The Equity Grant is awarded at our Annual Meeting each year to all Nonemployee Directors elected or re-elected by the shareholders. The value of the Equity Grant is payable in restricted shares with a three-year vesting period from the date of grant. The closing market price of our common shares on our Annual Meeting Date is divided into the Equity Grant to determine the number of restricted shares awarded. Prior to May 1, 2008, Nonemployee Directors received an annual retainer fee of $32,500 and an annual equity award of $32,500. Effective May 1, 2008, the annual retainer fee and annual equity awards for independent directors were increased to $50,000 and $75,000, respectively. A Director may elect to defer the Equity Grant into the Nonemployee Directors’ Deferred Compensation Plan (“Compensation Plan”). A Director who is 69 or older at the Equity Grant date will receive common shares with no restrictions.
For the last three years, restricted Equity Grant shares have been awarded to elected or re-elected Directors as follows:

Date of Grant	  	Restricted Equity
Grant Shares	  	Deferred Equity
Grant Shares	
May 8, 2006	  	9,156	  	1,308	
July 27, 2007	  	7,488	  	936	
May 13, 2008	  	4,824	  	804	
The Directors’ Plan offers the Nonemployee Director the opportunity to defer all or a portion of the Annual Directors’ Retainer fees, Chair retainers, meeting fees, and the Equity Grant into the Compensation Plan.
Employees’ Plans
On July 27, 2007, shareholders of the Company adopted the 2007 ICE Plan, resulting in the discontinuation of the previous 1992 ICE Plan, as amended in 1999 effective as of March 13, 2007 and will expire on March 13, 2013. The 2007 ICE Plan authorizes up to 4,000,000 of our common shares to be issued as stock options, SAR’s, restricted shares, restricted share units, retention units, deferred shares, and performance shares or performance units. Any of the foregoing awards may be made subject to attainment of performance goals over a performance
 
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period of one or more years. Each stock option and SAR will reduce the common shares available under the 2007 ICE Plan by one common share. Each other award will reduce the common shares available under the 2007 ICE Plan by two common shares. No participant in any fiscal year can be granted in the aggregate of a number of Shares having a Fair Market Value on the Date of Grant equal to more than $5 million. The performance shares are intended to meet the requirements of Internal Revenue code section 162(m) for deduction while the retention units are not.
The adoption of the 2007 ICE Plan also resulted in the discontinuation of other various incentive and long-term compensation programs maintained under the 1992 ICE Plan. All outstanding grants made under the 1992 ICE Plan prior to July 27, 2007 continue in effect in accordance with their terms of the existing incentive plans until vested or expired.
We issued the following amounts of restricted stock and restricted stock units with a three-year vesting period during the last three years out of the respective plans as follows:

Year of Grant	  	1992 ICE
Plan	  	2007 ICE
Plan	
2006	  	313,364	  	—  	
2007	  	10,000	  	145,500	
2008	  	—  	  	56,670	
There were no options issued in 2008, 2007 or 2006.
We recorded other stock-based compensation expense of $22.5 million in 2008, $12.4 million in 2007, and $10.3 million in 2006, primarily in Selling, general and administrative expenses on the Statements of Consolidated Operations.
Our other stock-based compensation expense is comprised of performance shares, including retention units, and restricted stock. Following is a summary of our Performance Share Award Agreements currently outstanding:

Performance
Share
Plan Year	  	Performance
Shares
Outstanding	  	Forfeitures (1)	  	Grant
Date	  	Performance Period	
2008	  	143,532	  	15,948	  	March 10, 2008	  	1/1/2008-12/31/2010	
2008	  	350	  	—  	  	August 29, 2008	  	1/1/2008-12/31/2010	
2007	  	3,740	  	—  	  	October 1, 2007	  	1/1/2007-12/31/2009	
2007	  	215,112	  	53,778	  	July 27, 2007	  	1/1/2007-12/31/2009	
2006	  	13,600	  	—  	  	December 11, 2006	  	1/1/2006-12/31/2008	
2006	  	28,220	  	—  	  	September 1, 2006	  	1/1/2006-12/31/2008	
2006	  	136,627	  	49,333	  	May 8, 2006	  	1/1/2006-12/31/2008	
2006	  	21,492	  	173	  	September 1, 2006	  	1/1/2006-12/31/2008	

(1)	The 2008, 2007 and 2006 Plans are based on assumed forfeitures.	
On March 10, 2008, the Compensation and Organization Committee (“Committee”) of the Board of Directors approved a grant under our shareholder approved 2007 ICE Plan for the performance period 2008-2010. The grant consisted of 75 percent in performance shares and 25 percent in restricted share units. The grant included a total of 216,000 performance shares and restricted share units.
For all three outstanding plan year agreements, each performance share, if earned, entitles the holder to receive a number of common shares within the range between a threshold and maximum number of shares, with the actual number of common shares earned dependent upon whether the Company achieves certain objectives and performance goals as established by the Committee. The restricted share units are subject to continued
 
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employment, are retention based, will vest at the end of the performance period for the performance shares, and are payable in shares at a time determined by the Committee in its discretion. The performance shares granted under the ICE Plan vest over a period of three years and measure performance on the basis of two factors, 1) relative TSR for the period, as measured against a predetermined peer group of mining and metals companies, and 2) three-year cumulative free cash flow. For the 2008, 2007 and 2006 plan year agreements, the TSR calculated payout may be reduced by up to 50 percent in the event that the Company’s pre-tax RONA for the incentive period falls below 12 percent. The final payout for all three plan year agreements vary from zero to 150 percent of the performance shares awarded.
Upon the occurrence of a change in control, all performance shares and restricted share units granted to a participant will vest and become nonforfeitable and will be paid out in cash.
2006, 2007 and 2008 Performance Share Modifications
On May 12, 2008, the Committee of the Board of Directors approved two changes to the calculations used to determine the final payouts under the performance shares granted in 2006 (for the 2006-2008 performance period) and 2007 (for the 2007-2009 performance period) under our 1992 ICE Plan (as Amended and Restated as of May 13, 1997) and our 2007 ICE Plan, respectively.
The first change approved by the Committee relates to the calculation of TSR relative to the companies in our peer group. Under the plan modification, if any of the companies in the peer group are removed because the company has ceased to be publicly traded or has experienced a major restructuring by reason of a Chapter 11 filing or a spin-off of more than 50 percent of any such company’s assets, the calculation will be based upon the greater of (1) TSR based only on the remaining companies in the original peer group or (2) TSR based on the remaining companies in the original peer group plus the addition of the Standard & Poor’s Metals and Minerals Exchange Traded Fund.
The second change approved by the Committee is in relation to the 2006 performance share plan year and relates to the method of evaluating performance during the applicable period. The Committee had previously adopted a new methodology under the 2007 ICE Plan for the calculation of TSR based on the Cumulative Method (where the calculation of TSR is based on the cumulative TSR between the start and the end of the performance period). Prior to this change, TSR was based on the Quarterly Method (where the calculation of TSR is based on a cumulative quarter-by-quarter basis), which effectively weighted the early quarters in the period more heavily than later quarters. Executive officers were given a choice as to which of these methods would apply to their grants of Performance Shares made in 2005 (for the 2005-2007 performance period) and 2006 (for the 2006-2008 performance period). On May 12, 2008, the Committee determined that payouts with respect to the 2006-2008 performance period would be based on the Cumulative Method unless the payout would be greater under the Quarterly Method, in which case the Quarterly Method would be used for those payouts. As a result of these modifications, we recorded additional stock-based compensation expense of $9.5 million in Selling, general and administrative expenses on the Statement of Consolidated Operations for the year ended December 31, 2008.
On August 11, 2008, the Committee of the Board of Directors approved an amendment to our 2007 ICE Plan. The amendment was adopted to amend the definition of a “Change in Control” in the plan to ensure that performance shares and retention units awarded in 2007 and 2008, under the plan, will not be earned as a result of the consummation of a merger or similar transaction. The amendment was made because the Committee was of the view that, at the time that it approved the plan in 2007, it did not intend for awards under the plan to become earned in connection with transactions such as a merger. This modification did not result in any significant changes to the valuation of the awards granted under the plan.
 
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
Impact of the Adoption of SFAS 123(R)
We adopted the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS 123(R) effective January 1, 2006 using the modified prospective transition method. Under existing restricted stock plans awarded prior to January 1, 2006, we continue to recognize compensation cost for awards to retiree-eligible employees without substantive forfeiture risk over the nominal vesting period. This recognition method differs from the requirements for immediate recognition for awards granted with similar provisions after the January 1, 2006 adoption of SFAS 123(R). The following table summarizes the share-based compensation expense that we recorded for continuing operations in accordance with SFAS 123(R) for 2008, 2007 and 2006:

 	  	(In Millions, except EPS)	 	
 	  	2008	 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	
Cost of goods sold	  	$	2.1	 	 	$	0.4	 	 	$	0.6	 	
Selling, general and administrative expense	  	 	20.4	 	 	 	12.0	 	 	 	9.7	 	
Reduction of operating income from continuing operations before income taxes and minority interest	  	 	22.5	 	 	 	12.4	 	 	 	10.3	 	
Income tax benefit	  	 	(7.9	)	 	 	(4.3	)	 	 	(3.6	)	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Reduction of net income	  	$	14.6	 	 	$	8.1	 	 	$	6.7	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Reduction of earnings per share:	  				 				 				
Basic	  	$	0.14	 	 	$	0.10	 	 	$	0.08	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Diluted	  	$	0.13	 	 	$	0.08	 	 	$	0.06	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Prior to the adoption of SFAS 123(R), we presented all tax benefits for actual deductions in excess of compensation expense as operating cash flows on our Statements of Consolidated Cash Flows. SFAS 123(R) requires the cash flows resulting from the tax benefits for tax deductions in excess of the compensation expense to be classified as financing cash flows. Accordingly, we classified $3.5 million, $4.3 million and $1.2 million in excess tax benefits as cash from financing activities rather than cash from operating activities on our Statements of Consolidated Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
Determination of Fair Value
The fair value of each grant is estimated on the date of grant using a Monte Carlo simulation to forecast relative TSR performance. Consistent with the guidelines of SFAS 123(R), a correlation matrix of historic and projected stock prices was developed for both the Company and its predetermined peer group of mining and metals companies. The fair value assumes that performance goals will be achieved. If such goals are not met, no compensation cost is recognized and any recognized compensation cost is reversed.
The expected term of the grant represents the time from the grant date to the end of the service period for each of the three plan year agreements. We estimated the volatility of our common stock and that of the peer group of mining and metals companies using daily price intervals for all companies. The risk-free interest rate is the rate at the grant date on zero-coupon government bonds, with a term commensurate with the remaining life of the performance plans.
The following assumptions were utilized to estimate the fair value for the 2008 grant and 2007 and 2006 plan year modifications:

Plan Year	 	Grant/Modification
Date	 	Grant/Modification
Date Market
Price (1)	 	Average
Expected
Term
(Years)	 	Expected
Volatility	 	 	Risk-Free
Interest
Rate	 	 	Dividend
Yield	 	 	Fair Value
(Percent of
Grant/Modification
Date Market Price)	 	
2008	 	March 10, 2008	 	$	52.59	 	2.81	 	43.8	%	 	1.93	%	 	0.62	%	 	58.23	%	
2007	 	May 12, 2008	 	 	90.28	 	1.64	 	45.8	%	 	2.22	%	 	0.39	%	 	143.70	%	
2006	 	May 12, 2008	 	 	90.28	 	0.64	 	53.8	%	 	1.86	%	 	0.39	%	 	143.95	%	

(1)	Adjusted to reflect 2:1 stock split that occurred on May 15, 2008.	
 
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The table below illustrates the change in the fair value as a result of the 2006 and 2007 plan year modifications:

Plan Year	  	Pre-modification
Calculation
Method (1)	  	Pre-modification
Fair Value	  	Change
in Fair
Value	  	Revised
Fair
Value	
2006	  	Cumulative	  	$	122.55	  	$	7.18	  	$	129.73	
2006	  	Quarterly	  	 	30.45	  	 	99.28	  	 	129.73	
2007	  	Cumulative	  	 	128.71	  	 	1.25	  	 	129.96	

(1)	As a result of the choice given to executive officers between the Cumulative and Quarterly methods under the 2006 plan, the pre-modification fair value for this plan is presented separately for each election. This was not an option under the 2007 plan, and therefore, a single pre-modification fair value is presented.	
Stock option, restricted stock, deferred stock allocation and performance share activity under our Incentive Equity Plans and Nonemployee Directors’ Compensation Plans are as follows:

 	 	2008	 	2007	 	2006	
 	 	Shares	 	 	Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price	 	Shares	 	 	Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price	 	Shares	 	 	Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price	
Stock options (1):	 			 			 			 			 			 			
Options outstanding at beginning of year	 	11,800	 	 	$	5.42	 	23,600	 	 	$	5.04	 	108,536	 	 	$	7.35	
Granted during the year	 	—  	 	 			 	—  	 	 			 	—  	 	 			
Exercised	 	(9,300	)	 	 	6.47	 	(11,800	)	 	 	4.66	 	(84,936	)	 	 	7.99	
Cancelled or expired	 	—  	 	 			 	—  	 	 			 	—  	 	 			
	 	 	 	 			 	 	 	 			 	 	 	 			
Options outstanding at end of year	 	2,500	 	 	 	5.42	 	11,800	 	 	 	5.42	 	23,600	 	 	 	5.04	
Options exercisable at end of year	 	2,500	 	 	 	5.42	 	11,800	 	 	 	5.42	 	23,600	 	 	 	5.04	
Restricted awards:	 			 			 			 			 			 			
Awarded and restricted at beginning of year	 	514,714	 	 			 	649,324	 	 			 	386,360	 	 			
Awarded during the year	 	62,672	 	 			 	164,692	 	 			 	324,416	 	 			
Vested	 	(261,702	)	 			 	(299,302	)	 			 	(61,452	)	 			
Cancelled	 	—  	 	 			 	—  	 	 			 	—  	 	 			
	 	 	 	 			 	 	 	 			 	 	 	 			
Awarded and restricted at end of year	 	315,684	 	 			 	514,714	 	 			 	649,324	 	 			
Performance shares:	 			 			 			 			 			 			
Allocated at beginning of year	 	723,544	 	 			 	861,672	 	 			 	1,644,236	 	 			
Allocated during the year	 	194,881	 	 			 	390,888	 	 			 	236,160	 	 			
Issued	 	(236,520	)	 			 	(529,016	)	 			 	(405,036	)	 			
Forfeited/cancelled	 	(87,790	)	 			 	—  	 	 			 	(613,688	)	 			
	 	 	 	 			 	 	 	 			 	 	 	 			
Allocated at end of year	 	594,115	 	 			 	723,544	 	 			 	861,672	 	 			
Vested or expected to vest at	 			 			 			 			 			 			
December 31, 2008	 	562,673	 	 			 			 			 			 			
Directors’ retainer and voluntary shares:	 			 			 			 			 			 			
Awarded at beginning of year	 	1,100	 	 			 	1,100	 	 			 	3,712	 	 			
Awarded during the year	 	2,772	 	 			 	—  	 	 			 	2,164	 	 			
Issued	 	(1,689	)	 			 	—  	 	 			 	(4,776	)	 			
	 	 	 	 			 	 	 	 			 	 	 	 			
Awarded at end of year	 	2,183	 	 			 	1,100	 	 			 	1,100	 	 			
Reserved for future grants or awards at end of year:	 			 			 			 			 			 			
Employee plans	 	5,663,472	 	 			 	1,842,306	 	 			 	2,668,592	 	 			
Directors’ plans	 	151,263	 	 			 	158,572	 	 			 	173,548	 	 			
	 	 	 	 			 	 	 	 			 	 	 	 			
Total	 	5,814,735	 	 			 	2,000,878	 	 			 	2,842,140	 	 			

(1)	The remaining stock options are from the January 12, 1999 grant pool and have an expiration date of January 12, 2009.	
 
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The intrinsic value of options exercised during 2008, 2007 and 2006 was $0.5 million, $0.1 million and $0.7 million, respectively.
A summary of our non-vested shares as of December 31, 2008 is shown below:

 	  	Shares	 	 	Weighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value	
Nonvested, beginning of year	  	1,239,358	 	 	$	23.53	
Granted	  	225,274	 	 	 	37.99	
Vested	  	(464,860	)	 	 	22.08	
Forfeited/expired	  	(87,790	)	 	 	46.43	
	  	 	 	 			
Nonvested, end of year	  	911,982	 	 	$	27.37	
	  	 	 	 			
The total compensation cost related to non-vested awards not yet recognized is $15.7 million at December 31, 2008. The weighted average remaining period for the awards outstanding at December 31, 2008 is approximately two years.
NOTE 13 – CAPITAL STOCK
Shareholder Rights Plan
On October 8, 2008, our Board of Directors adopted a shareholder rights plan and declared a dividend of one common share purchase right for each outstanding common share. The dividend was paid to shareholders of record on October 29, 2008.
Under the rights plan, the rights initially trade together with the common shares and are not exercisable. In the absence of further action by our Board of Directors, the rights will become exercisable and allow the holder to acquire common shares at a discounted price if a person or group acquires 10 percent or more of the outstanding common shares (or any additional common shares in the case of a person or group that already beneficially owns 10 percent or more of our outstanding common shares on October 13, 2008) without the prior approval of our Board of Directors. Rights held by persons who exceed the applicable threshold will be void. Under certain circumstances, the rights will entitle the holder to buy shares in an acquiring entity at a discounted price.
The rights plan also includes an exchange option. In general, after the rights become exercisable, our Board of Directors may, at its option, effect an exchange of part or all of the rights (other than rights that have become void) at a ratio of one common share for each right, subject to adjustment in certain circumstances. The rights are redeemable at any time prior to the time that they become exercisable for $0.001 per right, subject to adjustment in certain circumstances. Unless earlier amended, redeemed or exchanged, the rights will expire on October 29, 2011.
The issuance of the rights was not a taxable event, does not affect our reported financial condition or results of operations, including our earnings per share, and does not change the manner in which our common shares are currently traded.
Common Stock
On March 11, 2008, a two-for-one stock split of our common shares was declared. As a result, each shareholder of record received one additional share of our common stock for every share held. The new shares were distributed on May 15, 2008. Pursuant to the effectuation of the stock split, the par value of our common stock was adjusted from $0.25 per share to $0.125 per share, and the number of authorized common shares was increased accordingly from 112 million to 224 million shares. As a result of the stock split, the preferred stock conversion rate was also adjusted from 66.1881 to 133.0646. All common shares and per share amounts reported herein have been adjusted retroactively to reflect the two-for-one stock split effective May 15, 2008.
 
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Preferred Stock
In January 2004, we completed an offering of $172.5 million of redeemable cumulative convertible perpetual preferred stock, without par value, issued at $1,000 per share. The preferred stock pays quarterly cash dividends at a rate of 3.25 percent per annum, has a liquidation preference of $1,000 per share and is convertible into our common shares at an adjusted rate of 133.0646 common shares per share of preferred stock, which is equivalent to an adjusted conversion price of $7.52 per share at December 31, 2008, subject to further adjustment in certain circumstances. Each share of preferred stock may be converted by the holder if during any quarter ending after March 31, 2004 the closing sale price of our common stock for at least 20 trading days in a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day of the preceding quarter exceeds 110 percent of the applicable conversion price on such trading day ($8.27 at December 31, 2008; this threshold was met as of December 31, 2008).
The preferred stock is classified for accounting purposes as “temporary equity” reflecting certain provisions of the agreement that could, under remote circumstances (the delisting of our common stock on a U.S. national securities exchange or quotation thereof in an inter-dealer quotation system of any registered U.S. national securities association), require us to redeem the preferred stock for cash. If we are in a default in the payment of six quarterly dividends on the preferred stock, the holders of the preferred stock will thereafter be entitled to elect two directors until all accrued and unpaid dividends are paid.
During 2008, 134,510 preferred shares were converted at a conversion rate of 133.0646 to 17,898,519 common shares, reducing our preferred stock outstanding to 205 shares at December 31, 2008. The following is a summary of the activity of the preferred stock during 2008 and 2007:

 	  	2008	  	2007 	
Number of preferred shares at beginning of the period	  	 	134,715	  	 	172,300	
Number of preferred shares converted	  	 	134,510	  	 	37,585	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	
Number of preferred shares at end of the period	  	 	205	  	 	134,715	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	
Redemption value at end of the period (in millions)	  	$	0.7	  	$	898.8	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	
Number of common shares issued from Treasury upon conversion	  	 	17,898,519	  	 	4,975,296	
Refer to NOTE 19 — SUBSEQUENT EVENTS for further information.
 
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NOTE 14 — ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
The components of Accumulated other comprehensive loss and related tax effects allocated to each are shown below as of December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006:

 	  	(In Millions)	 	
 	  	Pre-tax
Amount	 	 	Tax
Benefit
(Provision)	 	 	After-tax
Amount	 	
As of December 31, 2006:	  				 				 				
Minimum postretirement benefit liability	  	$	(80.3	)	 	$	(2.6	)	 	$	(82.9	)	
Foreign currency translation adjustments	  	 	9.6	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	9.6	 	
Unrealized gain on derivative financial instruments	  	 	6.4	 	 	 	(1.9	)	 	 	4.5	 	
Unrealized gain on securities	  	 	14.7	 	 	 	(5.1	)	 	 	9.6	 	
Cumulative effect of implementing SFAS 158	  	 	(171.1	)	 	 	60.4	 	 	 	(110.7	)	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
	  	$	(220.7	)	 	$	50.8	 	 	$	(169.9	)	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
As of December 31, 2007:	  				 				 				
Postretirement benefit liability	  	$	(192.5	)	 	$	37.7	 	 	$	(154.8	)	
Foreign currency translation adjustments	  	 	96.5	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	96.5	 	
Unrealized net gain on derivative financial instruments	  	 	26.7	 	 	 	(8.0	)	 	 	18.7	 	
Unrealized loss on interest rate swap	  	 	(1.4	)	 	 	0.5	 	 	 	(0.9	)	
Unrealized gain on securities	  	 	15.7	 	 	 	(5.5	)	 	 	10.2	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
	  	$	(55.0	)	 	$	24.7	 	 	$	(30.3	)	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
As of December 31, 2008:	  				 				 				
Postretirement benefit liability	  	$	(480.8	)	 	$	137.5	 	 	$	(343.3	)	
Foreign currency translation adjustments	  	 	(68.6	)	 	 	—  	 	 	 	(68.6	)	
Unrealized net gain on derivative financial instruments	  	 	27.3	 	 	 	(8.2	)	 	 	19.1	 	
Unrealized loss on interest rate swap	  	 	(2.6	)	 	 	0.9	 	 	 	(1.7	)	
Unrealized loss on securities	  	 	(0.2	)	 	 	0.1	 	 	 	(0.1	)	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
	  	$	(524.9	)	 	$	130.3	 	 	$	(394.6	)	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
The following table reflects the changes in Accumulated other comprehensive loss for 2008, 2007 and 2006:

 	 	(In Millions)	 	
 	 	Postretirement
Benefit
Liability	 	 	Adoption
of SFAS
No. 158	 	 	Unrealized
Net Gain
(Loss) on
Securities	 	 	Foreign
Currency
Translation	 	 	Unrealized
(Loss) on
Interest
Rate Swap	 	 	Unrealized
Net Gain
(Loss) on
Derivative
Financial
Instruments	 	 	Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Gain (Loss)	 	
Balance December 31, 2005	 	$	(100.8	)	 	$	—  	 	 	$	1.7	 	 	$	(24.7	)	 	$	—  	 	 	$	(1.8	)	 	$	(125.6	)	
Change during 2006	 	 	17.9	 	 	 	(110.7	)	 	 	7.9	 	 	 	34.3	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	6.3	 	 	 	(44.3	)	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Balance December 31, 2006	 	 	(82.9	)	 	 	(110.7	)	 	 	9.6	 	 	 	9.6	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	4.5	 	 	 	(169.9	)	
Change during 2007	 	 	(71.9	)	 	 	110.7	 	 	 	0.6	 	 	 	86.9	 	 	 	(0.9	)	 	 	14.2	 	 	 	139.6	 	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Balance December 31, 2007	 	 	(154.8	)	 	 	—  	 	 	 	10.2	 	 	 	96.5	 	 	 	(0.9	)	 	 	18.7	 	 	 	(30.3	)	
Change during 2008	 	 	(188.5	)	 	 	—  	 	 	 	(10.3	)	 	 	(165.1	)	 	 	(0.8	)	 	 	0.4	 	 	 	(364.3	)	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Balance December 31, 2008	 	$	(343.3	)	 	$	—  	 	 	$	(0.1	)	 	$	(68.6	)	 	$	(1.7	)	 	$	19.1	 	 	$	(394.6	)	

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
NOTE 15 — EARNINGS PER SHARE
The following table summarizes the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share:

 	  	(In Millions, Except per Share)	 	
 	  	2008	 	 	 	 	 	2007	 	 	 	 	 	2006	 	 	 	 	
 	  	Amount	 	 	Per
Share	 	 	Amount	 	 	Per
Share	 	 	Amount	 	 	Per
Share	 	
Income from continuing operations	  	$	515.8	 	 	$	5.08	 	 	$	269.8	 	 	$	3.25	 	 	$	279.8	 	 	$	3.33	 	
Preferred dividend	  	 	(1.1	)	 	 	(.01	)	 	 	(5.2	)	 	 	(.06	)	 	 	(5.6	)	 	 	(.07	)	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Income from continuing operations applicable to common shares	  	 	514.7	 	 	 	5.07	 	 	 	264.6	 	 	 	3.19	 	 	 	274.2	 	 	 	3.26	 	
Discontinued operations	  	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	0.2	 	 	 	—  	 	 	 	0.3	 	 	 	—  	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Income applicable to common shares — basic	  	 	514.7	 	 	$	5.07	 	 	 	264.8	 	 	$	3.19	 	 	 	274.5	 	 	$	3.26	 	
	  				 	 	 	 	 				 	 	 	 	 				 	 	 	 	
Dilutive effect preferred dividend	  	 	1.1	 	 				 	 	5.2	 	 				 	 	5.6	 	 				
	  	 	 	 	 				 	 	 	 	 				 	 	 	 	 				
Income applicable to common shares plus assumed conversions — diluted	  	$	515.8	 	 	$	4.76	 	 	$	270.0	 	 	$	2.57	 	 	$	280.1	 	 	$	2.60	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Average number of shares (in thousands)	  				 				 				 				 				 				
Basic	  	 	101,471	 	 				 	 	82,988	 	 				 	 	84,144	 	 				
Employee stock plans	  	 	1,485	 	 				 	 	528	 	 				 	 	962	 	 				
Convertible preferred stock	  	 	5,332	 	 				 	 	21,510	 	 				 	 	22,548	 	 				
	  	 	 	 	 				 	 	 	 	 				 	 	 	 	 				
Diluted	  	 	108,288	 	 				 	 	105,026	 	 				 	 	107,654	 	 				
	  	 	 	 	 				 	 	 	 	 				 	 	 	 	 				
NOTE 16 — COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Purchase Commitments
On July 17, 2008, Portman entered into an agreement to upgrade the rail line related to our operations in Asia Pacific. The upgrade is being performed to mitigate the risk of derailment and reduce service disruptions by providing a more robust infrastructure. The improvements include the replacement of 120 kilometers of rail and associated parts. As a result, we have incurred a purchase commitment of approximately $39 million for maintenance and improvements to the rail structure. As of December 31, 2008, capital expenditures related to this purchase were approximately $11.7 million. Remaining expenditures of approximately $27 million will be made throughout 2009, based on the percentage of project completion. The project is expected to be completed by the end of the first quarter in 2010.
In July 2008, we incurred an additional capital commitment for the purchase of a new longwall plow system for our Pinnacle mine in West Virginia. The system, which requires a capital investment of approximately $84.4 million, will replace the current longwall plow system in an effort to reduce maintenance costs and increase production at the mine. As of December 31, 2008, capital expenditures related to this purchase were $29.6 million. Remaining expenditures of $53.8 million and $1.0 million will be made in 2009 and 2010, respectively, with the equipment expected to be delivered in 2009.
Contingencies
Litigation
We are currently a party to various claims and legal proceedings incidental to our operations. If management believes that a loss arising from these matters is probable and can reasonably be estimated, we record the amount of the loss, or the minimum estimated liability when the loss is estimated using a range, and no point within the range is more probable than another. As additional information becomes available, any potential
 
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
liability related to these matters is assessed and the estimates are revised, if necessary. Based on currently available information, management believes that the ultimate outcome of these matters, individually and in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position or overall trends in results of operations. However, litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties, and unfavorable rulings could occur. An unfavorable ruling could include monetary damages or an injunction prohibiting us from selling our products. If an unfavorable ruling were to occur, there exists the possibility of a material adverse impact on the financial position and results of operations of the period in which the ruling occurs, or future periods. However, we believe that any pending litigation will not result in a material liability in relation to our consolidated financial statements. Refer to Part 1 — Item 3, Legal Proceedings , for additional information.
Environmental Matters
We had environmental liabilities of $16.4 million and $12.3 million at December 31, 2008 and 2007 respectively, including obligations for known environmental remediation exposures at active and closed mining operations and other sites. These amounts have been recognized based on the estimated cost of investigation and remediation at each site, and include site studies, design and implementation of remediation plans, legal and consulting fees, and post-remediation monitoring and related activities. If the cost can only be estimated as a range of possible amounts with no specific amount being more likely, the minimum of the range is accrued in accordance with SFAS 5. Future expenditures are not discounted unless the amount and timing of the cash disbursements are readily known. Potential insurance recoveries have not been reflected. Additional environmental obligations could be incurred, the extent of which cannot be assessed. The amount of our ultimate liability with respect to these matters may be affected by several uncertainties, primarily the ultimate cost of required remediation and the extent to which other responsible parties contribute. Refer to NOTE 7 — ENVIRONMENTAL AND MINE CLOSURE OBLIGATIONS for further information.
Tax Matters
The calculation of our tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax regulations. We recognize liabilities for anticipated tax audit issues based on our estimate of whether, and the extent to which, additional taxes will be due. If we ultimately determine that payment of these amounts is unnecessary, we reverse the liability and recognize a tax benefit during the period in which we determine that the liability is no longer necessary. We also recognize tax benefits to the extent that it is more likely than not that our positions will be sustained when challenged by the taxing authorities. To the extent we prevail in matters for which liabilities have been established, or are required to pay amounts in excess of our liabilities, our effective tax rate in a given period could be materially affected. An unfavorable tax settlement would require use of our cash and result in an increase in our effective tax rate in the year of resolution. A favorable tax settlement would be recognized as a reduction in our effective tax rate in the year of resolution.
Guarantees
We are party to financing arrangements under which we issue guarantees on behalf of certain of our unconsolidated subsidiaries. In the event of non-payment, we are obligated to make payment in accordance with the provisions of the guarantee arrangement. At December 31, 2008 and 2007, Amapá had total project debt outstanding of approximately $493 million and $419 million, respectively, for which we have provided a several guarantee on our 30 percent share. Amapá and its lenders have agreed to suspend all operating and financial loan covenants with the exception of debt to equity ratio requirements through June 30, 2009. At December 31, 2008, Amapá had total short-term loans outstanding of $210.3 million for which we provided a several guarantee on our share. We have provided several guarantees on our 30 percent share of the total debt outstanding, or $148 million and $101 million, at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Our estimate of the aggregate fair value of the outstanding guarantees is $6.7 million as of December 31, 2008, which is reflected in Other Liabilities on 
 
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
the Statements of Consolidated Financial Position. The fair value was estimated using a discounted cash flow model based upon the spread between guaranteed and non-guaranteed debt over the period the debt is expected to be outstanding. Should we be required to pay any portion of the total amount of the loans we have guaranteed, we could attempt to recover some or all of that amount from  guaranteed parties. We hold no collateral in respect of the guarantees. 
NOTE 17 — CASH FLOW INFORMATION
A reconciliation of capital additions to cash paid for capital expenditures for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 is as follows:

 	  	(In Millions)	 	
 	  	2008	  	2007	  	2006	 	
Capital additions	  	$	232.6	  	$	235.1	  	$	112.5	 	
Cash paid for capital expenditures	  	 	182.5	  	 	199.5	  	 	119.5	 	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Difference	  	$	50.1	  	$	35.6	  	$	(7.0	)	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Non-cash accruals	  	$	25.7	  	$	4.7	  	$	(7.0	)	
Capital leases	  	 	24.4	  	 	30.9	  	 	—  	 	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Total	  	$	50.1	  	$	35.6	  	$	(7.0	)	
	  	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Cash payments for interest and income taxes in 2008, 2007 and 2006 are as follows:

 	  	(In Millions)	
 	  	2008	  	2007	  	2006	
Taxes paid on income	  	$	175.5	  	$	123.6	  	$	95.7	
Interest paid on debt obligations	  	 	26.3	  	 	16.6	  	 	2.7	
Non-cash investing activities in 2008 include the issuance of $165 million of unregistered common shares and the commitment to provide 1.2 million tons of iron ore pellets as part of the consideration paid to acquire the remaining 30 percent interest in United Taconite. Non-cash investing activities during the year also include the issuance of four million of our common shares at a stock price of $38.27 to the former owners of PinnOak to accelerate the deferred payment and settle the contingent earn-out associated with the initial purchase agreement. Refer to NOTE 2 — ACQUISITIONS, DIVESTITURES & OTHER INVESTMENTS for further information.
NOTE 18 — RELATED PARTIES
We co-own four of our six North American iron ore mines with various joint venture partners that are integrated steel producers or their subsidiaries. We are the manager of each of the mines we co-own and rely on our joint venture partners to make their required capital contributions and to pay for their share of the iron ore pellets that we produce. The joint venture partners are also our customers. The following is a summary of the mine ownership of these four North American iron ore mines at December 31, 2008:

 	  	Percent ownership	
 	  	Cliffs Natural	  	 	  	U. S. Steel	
Mine	  	Resources	  	ArcelorMittal	  	Canada	
Empire	  	79.0	  	21.0	  	—  	
Tilden	  	85.0	  	—  	  	15.0	
Hibbing	  	23.0	  	62.3	  	14.7	
Wabush	  	26.8	  	28.6	  	44.6	
 
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
ArcelorMittal has a unilateral right to put its interest in the Empire Mine to us, but has not exercised this right to date.
In 2007 we were the co-owner of five of our six North American iron ore mines. However, we acquired the remaining 30 percent interest in United Taconite from Laiwu Steel Group in July 2008, increasing our ownership interest from 70 percent to 100 percent.
Product revenues to related parties were as follows:

 	  	(In Millions)	 	
 	  	2008	 	 	2007	 	 	2006	 	
Product revenues to related parties	  	$	1,020.5	 	 	$	754.3	 	 	$	649.2	 	
Total product revenues	  	 	3,294.8	 	 	 	1,997.3	 	 	 	1,669.1	 	
Related party product revenue as a percent of total product revenue	  	 	31.0	%	 	 	37.8	%	 	 	38.9	%	
Accounts receivable from related parties were $2.9 million and $11.1 million at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
In 2002, we entered into an agreement with Ispat that restructured the ownership of the Empire mine and increased our ownership from 46.7 percent to 79 percent in exchange for assumption of all mine liabilities. Under the terms of the agreement, we indemnified Ispat from obligations of Empire in exchange for certain future payments to Empire and to us by Ispat of $120.0 million, recorded at a present value of $43.2 million and $49.4 million at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Of these amounts, $33.2 million and $37.4 million were classified as Long-term receivable at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, with the balances current, over the 12-year life of the supply agreement.
Supply agreements with one of our customers include provisions for supplemental revenue or refunds based on the customer’s annual steel pricing for the year the product is consumed in the customer’s blast furnace. The supplemental pricing is characterized as an embedded derivative. See Derivative Financial Instruments in NOTE 1 — BUSINESS SUMMARY AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES for further information.
NOTE 19 — SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
Convertibility of Preferred Stock and Redemption Notice
On January 13, 2009, we announced that the trading price condition for the conversion right of our 3.25 percent redeemable cumulative convertible perpetual preferred stock has been satisfied and, as a result, holders can surrender their shares for conversion at any time. The trading price condition for the preferred shares was satisfied because the closing share price of our common shares for at least 20 of the last 30 trading days of the fiscal 2008 fourth quarter exceeded 110 percent of the then applicable conversion price of the preferred stock. The preferred stock was also convertible during each of the previous 16 fiscal quarters due to the satisfaction of the trading price condition during the applicable periods of the relevant preceding fiscal quarters.
In addition to announcing the convertibility of the shares, on January 13, 2009, we also provided the required notice of our intent to redeem the 205 convertible preferred shares that remain outstanding. As a result, holders of the preferred stock could elect to convert their shares in lieu of having them redeemed, provided that surrender for conversion occurred on or prior to February 11, 2009. The conversion rate of 133.0646 common shares per share of preferred stock equates to a conversion price of approximately $7.52 per common share, subject to adjustment in certain circumstances, including payment of dividends on the common shares.
As of February 11, 2009, all remaining preferred shares had been converted to 27,278 shares of common stock at a conversion rate of 133.0646. Total common shares are being issued out of treasury.
 
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
Temporary Production Curtailments
On February 24, 2009, we announced production curtailments and temporary facility shutdowns that will affect our Hibbing and Northshore mining and pelletizing operations in Minnesota. At Hibbing, pellet production will be reduced by an additional 2.75 million tons in 2009. This production adjustment represents a 50 percent decrease from the mine’s original 2009 plan to produce 5.5 million tons. The reduction will be accomplished by idling a second of the facility’s three pelletizing furnaces at the end of March and then initiating a complete shutdown of the facility for approximately 15 weeks beginning in May. One pelletizing line is then expected to restart at the beginning of September, which will operate through the end of 2009 to reach the anticipated total pellet production of 2.75 million tons. In addition, as a result of the production curtailment, employee headcount will be reduced by approximately 83 employees, with layoffs commencing at the end of April 2009.
At Northshore, a one-month production shutdown will occur during April. The curtailment will reduce production at Northshore to approximately 3.7 million tons in 2009. Northshore anticipates restarting its two larger pelletizing lines at the beginning of May.
We also temporarily halted production at our Pinnacle Mine Complex in February 2009. Pinnacle produces metallurgical coal for the steel industry. Metallurgical coal demand has been reduced as the steel industry has cut back production in response to the global economic slowdown. The Pinnacle and Green Ridge No. 1 mines have both halted production during February, while the prep plant continues to operate on a reduced schedule to serve customer requirements. The Green Ridge No. 2 mine was previously idled. Mines at the Pinnacle Complex were estimated to produce approximately 85,000 tons in February 2009. The temporary shutdown affected approximately 360 employees, and mine local leadership of the United Mine Workers of America was notified of the production curtailment. The month-long production curtailment at Pinnacle is necessary to balance our production and  inventory with customer demand. 
NOTE 20 — QUARTERLY RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)
The sum of quarterly EPS may not equal EPS for the year due to discrete quarterly calculations.

 	  	(In Millions, Except Per Common Share)	
 	  	2008	
 	  	Quarters	  	 	
 	  	First	  	Second	  	Third	  	Fourth	  	Year	
Revenues from product sales and services	  	$	494.4	  	$	1,008.6	  	$	1,189.7	  	$	916.4	  	$	3,609.1	
Sales margin	  	 	82.4	  	 	426.3	  	 	365.0	  	 	286.0	  	 	1,159.7	
Income before extraordinary gain and cumulative effect of accounting change	  	 	16.7	  	 	270.2	  	 	174.9	  	 	54.0	  	 	515.8	
Net income	  	 	16.7	  	 	270.2	  	 	174.9	  	 	54.0	  	 	515.8	
Earnings per share	  			  			  			  			  			
Basic	  	$	0.18	  	$	2.75	  	$	1.67	  	$	0.48	  	$	5.07	
Diluted	  	 	0.16	  	 	2.57	  	 	1.61	  	 	0.47	  	 	4.76	
Our 2007 financial statements include PinnOak’s results since the July 31, 2007 acquisition.

 	  	2007 	
 	  	Quarters 	  	 	
   	  	First	  	Second	  	Third	  	Fourth	  	Year	
Revenues from product sales and services	  	$	325.5	  	$	547.6	  	$	619.6	  	$	782.5	  	$	2,275.2	
Sales margin	  	 	61.8	  	 	129.6	  	 	107.3	  	 	163.3	  	 	462.0	
Income before extraordinary gain and cumulative effect of accounting change	  	 	32.5	  	 	86.9	  	 	56.9	  	 	93.7	  	 	270.0	
Net income	  	 	32.5	  	 	86.9	  	 	56.9	  	 	93.7	  	 	270.0	
Earnings per share	  			  			  			  			  			
Basic	  	$	0.39	  	$	1.05	  	$	0.67	  	$	1.07	  	$	3.19	
Diluted	  	 	0.31	  	 	0.83	  	 	0.54	  	 	0.89	  	 	2.57	
 
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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders
of Cliffs Natural Resources Inc.
Cleveland, Ohio
We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2008, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting . Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the company’s principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by the company’s board of directors, management, and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting, including the possibility of collusion or improper management override of controls, material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on the criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule as of and for the year ended December 31, 2008 of the Company and our report dated February 26, 2009 expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements and financial statement schedule and included an explanatory paragraph regarding the Company’s adoption of new accounting standards.
/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
Cleveland, Ohio
February 26, 2009
 
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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Cliffs Natural Resources Inc.
Cleveland, Ohio
We have audited the accompanying statements of consolidated financial position of Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the related statements of consolidated operations, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2008. Our audits also included the financial statement schedule listed in the index at item 8. These financial statements and the financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the financial statements and financial statement schedule based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2008, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also, in our opinion, such financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein.
As discussed in Notes 1 and 11 to the consolidated financial statements the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS ) Statement No. 157 , Fair Value Measurements, in 2008. As discussed in Notes 1 and 10 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company adopted FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes , in 2007. Additionally, as discussed in Notes 1, 9, and 12 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company adopted SFAS No. 123(R), Share-Based Payment, and SFAS No. 158, Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans, in 2006.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on the criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 26, 2009 expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
Cleveland, Ohio
February 26, 2009
 
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 Item 9. 	Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure. 	
None.
 
 Item 9A. 	Controls and Procedures .	
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure based solely on the definition of “disclosure controls and procedures” in Rule 13a-15(e) promulgated under the Exchange Act. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.
As of the end of the period covered by this report, we carried out an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based on the foregoing, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.
 
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Management’s Report on Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as such term is defined under Rule 13a-15(f) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 , as amended.
Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.
Internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit the preparation of the consolidated financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with appropriate authorizations of management and directors of the Company, and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Management conducted an assessment of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008 using the framework specified in Internal Control — Integrated Framework , published by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on such assessment, management has concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2008.
The effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008 has been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report that appears herein.
February 26, 2009
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 , as amended, during the quarter ended December 31, 2008 that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
 Item 9B.     Other Information .
None.
 
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 PART III
 Item 10.      Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance. 
The information required to be furnished by this Item will be set forth in our definitive Proxy Statement to Security Holders under the headings “Information Concerning Directors and Nominees”, “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting and Compliance”, “Business Ethics Policy”, “Board of Directors and Board Committees — Audit Committee”, and “Agreements and Transactions” and is incorporated herein by reference and made a part hereof from the Proxy Statement. The information regarding executive officers required by this Item is set forth in Part I hereof under the heading “Executive Officers of the Registrant”, which information is incorporated herein by reference and made a part hereof.
 Item 11.     Executive Compensation. 
The information required to be furnished by this Item will be set forth in our definitive Proxy Statement to Security Holders under the headings “Executive Compensation”, “Directors’ Compensation”, “Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation” and “Compensation Committee Report” and is incorporated herein by reference and made a part hereof from the Proxy Statement.
 
 Item 12. 	Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters. 	
EQUITY COMPENSATION PLAN INFORMATION
The table below sets forth certain information regarding the following equity compensation plans as of December 31, 2008: the 1992 ICE Plan, the 2007 ICE Plan, the MPI Plan, the EMPI Plan and the Mine Performance Bonus Plan, which we refer to as the Mine Plan, the VNQDC Plan and the Directors’ Plan. Only the 1992 ICE Plan, the 2007 ICE Plan, the Directors’ Plan and the EMPI Plan have been approved by shareholders.

Plan category	  	Number of
securities to be
issued upon
exercise of
outstanding
options, warrants
and rights	 	 	Weighted-
average exercise
price of
outstanding
options, warrants
and rights	  	Number of securities
remaining available for
future issuance under
equity compensation
plans (excluding
securities reflected in
column(a))	 	
 	  	(a)	 	 	(b)	  	(c)	 	
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders	  	684,405	(1)	 	$	5.42	  	5,814,735	(2)	
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders	  	0	 	 	 	N/A	  	    	(3)	

(1)	Includes 681,905 performance share awards, an award initially denominated in shares, but no shares are actually issued until performance targets are met. The weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights, column (b), does not take these awards into account.	
(2)	Includes 3,042,737 common shares remaining available under the 2007 ICE Plan, which authorizes the Compensation Committee to make awards of option rights, restricted shares, deferred shares, performance shares and performance units (including up to 315,684 restricted shares and deferred shares); and 151,263 common shares remaining available under the Directors’ Plan, which authorizes the award of restricted shares, which we refer to as the annual equity grant, to Directors upon their election or re-election to the Board at the annual meeting and provides (i) that the Directors are required to take $20,000 of the annual retainer in common shares unless they meet the Director share ownership guidelines, and (ii) may take up to 100 percent of their retainer and other fees in common shares.	
(3)	The MPI Plan, the Mine Plan, and the VNQDC Plan provide for the issuance of common shares, but do not provide for a specific amount available under the plans. Descriptions of those plans are set forth below.	
 
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MPI Plan
The Management Performance Incentive Plan, known as the MPI Plan, provides an opportunity for elected officers and other management employees to earn annual cash bonuses. Bonuses may also be paid in common shares. Certain participants in the MPI Plan may elect to defer all or a portion of such bonus into the VNQDC Plan. Each year the participants under the MPI Plan must make their cash bonus deferral election by December 31 of the year prior to the year in which the bonus is earned. A further election to exchange this bonus into shares may be made before payment of the bonus at a time selected by the Chief Executive Officer. We refer to these exchanged shares as bonus exchange shares. These participants may also elect at this time to have dividends credited with respect to the bonus exchange shares, either credited in additional deferred common shares, deferred in cash or paid out in cash in an in-service compensation distribution. In order to encourage elections to be credited with deferred common shares, the participants in the MPI Plan, who elect to have their cash bonuses credited to an account with bonus exchange shares, will be credited with restricted deferred common shares in the amount of 25 percent of the bonus exchange shares, which we refer to as bonus match shares. These participants must comply with the employment and non-distribution requirements for the bonus exchange shares during a five-year period for the bonus match shares to become vested and nonforfeitable.
Mine Plan
The Mine Plan provides an opportunity for senior mine managers to earn cash bonuses. Bonuses earned under the Mine Plan are determined and paid quarterly to the participants. Certain participants may elect to defer all or part of their quarterly cash bonuses under the VNQDC Plan. Participants in the Mine Plan may further elect to have his or her deferred cash bonus credited to an account with deferred common shares. Each year participants under the Mine Plan must make their bonus exchange shares election (for the four quarters of that year). Such elections must be made by December 31 of the year prior to the year in which the quarterly bonuses are earned. As with the participants electing bonus exchange shares under the MPI Plan, participants under the Mine Plan electing bonus exchange shares will receive or be credited with restricted bonus match shares in an amount of 25 percent of the bonus exchange shares with the same five-year vesting period.
VNQDC Plan
The VNQDC Plan was originally adopted by the Board of Directors to provide certain key management and highly compensated employees of ours or our selected affiliates with the opportunity to defer receipt of a portion of their regular compensation in order to defer taxation of these amounts. The VNQDC Plan also permits deferral of bonus awards under the MPI Plan, the EMPI Plan, the Mine Plan, and Performance Shares (awarded under the 1992 ICE Plan and 2007 ICE Plan). In addition, the VNQDC Plan contains the Management Share Acquisition Program, or (“MSAP”), whose purpose is to provide designated management employees with the opportunity to acquire deferred interests in common shares through deferral of their bonuses. The VNQDC Plan also contains the Officer Share Acquisition Program, or (“OSAP”), which permits elected officers who have not met the requirements of our Share Ownership Guidelines, to acquire deferred interests in common shares with compensation previously deferred in cash under the VNQDC Plan. When participants in the MPI Plan, the Mine Plan or the MSAP or OSAP elect to have accounts credited with deferred common shares under the VNQDC Plan, they receive a match equal to 25 percent of the value of the deferred common  shares that is credited by us to the accounts of participants.
 Item 13.     Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence. 
The information required to be furnished by this Item will be set forth in our definitive Proxy Statement to Security Holders under the heading “Director Independence” and is incorporated herein by reference and made a part hereof from the Proxy Statement.
 Item 14.     Principal Accountant Fees and Services. 
The information required to be furnished by this Item will be set forth in our definitive Proxy Statement to Security Holders under the heading “Ratification of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” and is incorporated herein by reference and made a part hereof from the Proxy Statement.
 
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 PART IV
 Item 15.     Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules and Reports on Form 8-K. 
(a)(1) and (2) — List of Financial Statements and Financial Statement Schedules.
The following consolidated financial statements of Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. are included at Item 8 above:
Statements of Consolidated Financial Position — December 31, 2008 and 2007
Statements of Consolidated Operations — Years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Statements of Consolidated Cash Flows — Years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Statements of Consolidated Shareholders’ Equity — Years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The following consolidated financial statement schedule of Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. is included herein in Item 15(d) and attached as Exhibit 99(a):
Schedule II — Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
All other schedules for which provision is made in the applicable accounting regulation of the Securities and Exchange Commission are not required under the related instructions or are inapplicable, and therefore have been omitted.
(3) List of Exhibits — Refer to Exhibit Index on pages 159-167, which is incorporated herein by reference.
(c) Exhibits listed in Item 15(a)(3) above are incorporated herein by reference.
(d) The schedule listed above in Item 15(a)(1) and (2) is attached as Exhibit 99(a) and incorporated herein by reference.
 
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 SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

CLIFFS NATURAL RESOURCES INC.	
		
By:	 	/s/    LAURIE BRLAS	
	 	Name: 	 	Laurie Brlas	
	 	Title:	 	Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer	
Date: February 26, 2009
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Signatures	  	Title	 	Date	
			
/ S /    J. CARRABBA        
J. Carrabba	  	Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer)	 	February 26, 2009	
			
/ S /    L. BRLAS
L. Brlas	  	Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer) (Principal Accounting Officer)	 	February 26, 2009	
			
*
R. C. Cambre	  	Director	 	February 26, 2009	
			
*
S. M. Cunningham	  	Director	 	February 26, 2009	
			
*
B. J. Eldridge	  	Director	 	February 26, 2009	
			
*
S. Green	  	Director	 	February 26, 2009	
			
*
J. D. Ireland, III	  	Director	 	February 26, 2009	
			
*
F. R. McAllister	  	Director	 	February 26, 2009	
			
*
R. Phillips	  	Director	 	February 26, 2009	
			
*
R. K. Riederer	  	Director	 	February 26, 2009	
			
*
A. Schwartz	  	Director	 	February 26, 2009	

*	The undersigned, by signing his name hereto, does sign and execute this Annual Report on Form 10-K pursuant to a Power of Attorney executed on behalf of the above-indicated officers and directors of the registrant and filed herewith as Exhibit 24 on behalf of the registrant.	

By:	 	/s/    L. Brlas	
	 	(L. Brlas, as Attorney-in-Fact)	
 
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EXHIBIT INDEX
All documents referenced below were filed pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 by Cliffs Natural Resources Inc., file number 1-09844, unless otherwise indicated.

Exhibit
Number	  	 	  	Pagination by
Sequential
Numbering System	
	  	Plan of acquisition, reorganization, arrangement, liquidation or succession	  		
			
  2(a)	  	# Share Purchase Agreement by and among Cliffs International Lux IV Sarl, Centennial Asset Mining Fund LLC, Eike Fuhrken Batista, and, for limited purposes, MMX Mineração e Metálicos S.A. dated December 12, 2006 (filed as Exhibit 2(a) to Form 10-K of Cliffs on May 25, 2007 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
  2(b)	  	# Unit Purchase Agreement by and among Cleveland-Cliffs Inc and PinnOak Resources, LLC, The Regent Investment Company, L.P., Questor Partners Fund II, L.P., Questor Side-by-Side Partners II, L.P., Questor Side-by-Side Partners II 3(c)1, L.P., Questor Partners Fund II AIV-1, LLC, Questor General Partner II, L.P. and PinnOak Resources Employee Equity Incentive Plan, LLC dated June 14, 2007 (filed as Exhibit 2(a) to Form 10-Q of Cliffs on August 3, 2007 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
  2(c)	  	# Purchase and Sale Agreement by and among Cliffs UTAC Holding LLC, Cleveland-Cliffs Inc., United Mining Co., Ltd., and Laiwu Steel Group Ltd. dated July 11, 2008 (filed as Exhibit 2(a) to Form 10-Q of Cliffs on July 31, 2008 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
	  	Articles of Incorporation and By-Laws of Cliffs Natural Resources Inc.	  		
			
  3(a)	  	Regulations of Cleveland-Cliffs Inc. (filed as Exhibit 3(b) to Form 10-K of Cliffs filed on February 2, 2001 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
  3(b)	  	Amended Articles of Incorporation of Cleveland-Cliffs Inc as filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Ohio on January 20, 2004 (filed as Exhibit 3(a) to Form 10-K of Cliffs on February 13, 2004 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
  3(c)	  	Amendment to Amended Articles of Incorporation as filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Ohio on November 30, 2004 (filed as Exhibit 3(a) to Form 8-K of Cliffs on November 30, 2004 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
  3(d)	  	Amendment No. 2 to Amended Articles of Incorporation as filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Ohio (filed as Exhibit 3(a) to Form 8-K of Cliffs on June 9, 2006 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
  3(e)	  	Amendment No. 3 to Amended Articles of Incorporation as filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Ohio on April 21, 2008 (filed as Exhibit 3(a) to Form 8-K of Cliffs on April 23, 2008 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
  3(f)	  	Amendment No. 4 to Amended Articles of Incorporation as filed with the Secretary of State of Ohio on October 3, 2008 (filed as Exhibit 3(a) to Amendment No. 2 of Form S-4 of Cliffs filed on October 15, 2008 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	

#	The Company agrees to furnish supplementally a copy of any omitted exhibits or schedules to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon request.	
 
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Exhibit
Number	  	 	  	Pagination by
Sequential
Numbering System	
	  	Instruments defining rights of security holders, including indentures	  		
			
  4(a)	  	Multicurrency Credit Agreement among Cleveland-Cliffs Inc, Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, Swing Line Lender and Letter of Credit Issuer, JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Syndication Agent, and 11 other financial institutions dated August 17, 2007 (filed as exhibit 4(a) to Form 8-K of Cliffs on August 20, 2007 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
  4(b)	  	First Amendment to Multicurrency Credit Agreement among Cleveland-Cliffs Inc, Bank of America, N.A. as Administrative Agent, Swing Line Lender and Letter of Credit Issuer and certain other financial institutions dated May 15, 2008 (filed as Exhibit 4(a) to Form 8-K of Cliffs on May 21, 2008 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
  4(c)	  	Note Purchase Agreement dated June 25, 2008 by and among Cleveland-Cliffs Inc and the institutional investors party thereto (filed as Exhibit 4(a) to Form 8-K of Cliffs Inc on June 30, 2008 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
  4(d)	  	Form of Common Share Certificate (filed as Exhibit 4(a) to Form 10-Q of Cliffs on October 30, 2008 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
  4(e)	  	Rights Agreement dated October 13, 2008 by and between Cleveland-Cliffs Inc and Computershare Trust Company, N.A. as Rights Agent (filed as Exhibit 4(a) to Form 8-A of Cliffs on October 14, 2008 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
	  	Material Contracts	  		
			
10(a)	  	* Cleveland-Cliffs Inc Change in Control Severance Pay Plan, effective as of January 1, 2000 (filed as Exhibit 10(jj) to Form 10-K of Cliffs on March 16, 2000 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(b)	  	* Cleveland-Cliffs Inc Voluntary Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan (Amended and Restated as of January 1, 2000) (filed as Exhibit 10(a) to Form 10-Q of Cleveland-Cliffs Inc on July 27, 2000 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(c)	  	* Form of Indemnification Agreement between Cleveland-Cliffs Inc and Directors (filed as Exhibit 10(f) to Form 10-K of Cliffs on February 2, 2001 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(d)	  	* Amended and Restated Cleveland-Cliffs Inc Retirement Plan for Non-Employee Directors effective of July 1, 1995 (filed as Exhibit 10(l) to Form 10-K of Cliffs on February 2, 2001 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(e)	  	* Amendment to Amended and Restated Cleveland-Cliffs Inc Retirement Plan for Non-Employee Directors dated as of January 1, 2001 (filed as Exhibit 10(d) to Form 10-Q of Cliffs on July 27, 2001 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(f)	  	* Second Amendment to the Amended and Restated Cleveland-Cliffs Inc Retirement Plan for Non-Employee Directors dated and effective January 14, 2003 (filed as Exhibit 10(a) to Form 10-Q of Cliffs on April 24, 2003 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(g)	  	* Cleveland-Cliffs Inc 2000 Retention Unit Plan, effective as of May 8, 2000 (filed as Exhibit 10(ss) to Form 10-K of Cliffs on February 2, 2001 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(h)	  	* Cleveland-Cliffs Inc 1992 Incentive Equity Plan (as Amended and Restated as of May 13, 1997), effective as of May 13, 1997 (filed as Exhibit 10(i) to Form 10-K of Cliffs on February 5, 2002 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	

*	Reflects management contract or other compensatory arrangement required to be filed as an Exhibit pursuant to Item 15 (c) of this Report.	
 
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Exhibit
Number	  	 	  	Pagination by
Sequential
Numbering System	
10(i)	  	* Amendment to the Cleveland-Cliffs Inc 1992 Incentive Equity Plan (as Amended and Restated as of May 13, 1997), effective May 11, 1999 (filed as Appendix A to Proxy Statement of Cliffs on March 22, 1999 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(j)	  	* Cleveland-Cliffs Inc Long-Term Incentive Program, effective as of May 8, 2000 (filed as Exhibit 10(rr) to Form 10-K of Cliffs on February 2, 2001 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(k)	  	* Amendment No. 1 to the Long-Term Incentive Program dated May 8, 2006 and effective as of January 1, 2006 (filed as Exhibit 10(b) to Form 8-K of Cliffs on May 12, 2006 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(l)	  	* Form of the Restricted Shares Agreement under the Cleveland-Cliffs Inc 1992 Incentive Equity Plan (as Amended and Restated as of May 13, 1997) as amended, between Cliffs and Joseph A. Carrabba effective May 23, 2005 (filed as Exhibit 10(c) to Form 10-Q of Cliffs on July 28, 2005 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(m)	  	* Form of the 2006 Restricted Shares Agreement for the Retirement Eligible Employee (filed as Exhibit 99(a) to Form 8-K of Cliffs on March 17, 2006 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(n)	  	* Form of the 2006 Restricted Shares Agreement for the Non-Retirement Eligible Employee (filed as Exhibit 99(b) to Form 8-K of Cliffs on March 17, 2006 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(o)	  	* Form of Long-Term Incentive Program Participant Grant and Agreement Year 2006 for Performance Period 2006-2008 (filed as Exhibit 10(a) to Form 8-K of Cliffs on May 12, 2006 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(p)	  	* Amendment No. 1 to Long-Term Incentive Program Participant Grant and Agreement for Joseph A. Carrabba as set forth by Cleveland-Cliffs Inc dated September 15, 2006 and effective as of September 1, 2006 (filed as Exhibit 10(jjj) to Form 10-K of Cliffs on May 25, 2007 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(q)	  	* Amendment No. 1 to Long-Term Incentive Program Participant Grant and Agreements for John S. Brinzo as set forth by Cleveland-Cliffs Inc dated September 18, 2006 and effective as of September 1, 2006 (filed as Exhibit 10(kkk) to Form 10-K of Cliffs on May 25, 2007 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(r)	  	* Amendment No. 2 to Long-Term Incentive Program Participant Grant and Agreements for John S. Brinzo as set forth by Cleveland-Cliffs Inc dated March 23, 2007 and effective as of September 1, 2006 (filed as Exhibit 10(lll) to Form 10-K of Cliffs on May 25, 2007 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(s)	  	* Form of Long-Term Incentive Program Method of Calculation of Payout of Performance Shares Election Form for the Long-Term Incentive Program Grants and Agreements Years 2005 and 2006 (filed as Exhibit 10(mmm) to Form 10-K of Cliffs on May 25, 2007 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(t)	  	* Form of letter to Participants of the 2006-2008 and 2007-2009 Performance Share Periods amending the payment calculation method to be used for 2006 and 2007 Performance Share Grants, dated May 27, 2008 (filed as Exhibit 10(nnn) to Form 10-Q of Cliffs on July 31, 2008 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(u)	  	* Omnibus Amendment to Outstanding Grants Under Cleveland-Cliffs Inc 1992 Incentive Equity Plan (as Amended and Restated as of May 13, 1997) dated January 13, 2009 between Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. and Plan participants	  	Filed Herewith	

*	Reflects management contract or other compensatory arrangement required to be filed as an Exhibit pursuant to Item 15 (c) of this Report.	
 
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Exhibit
Number	  	 	  	Pagination by
Sequential
Numbering System	
10(v)	  	* Trust Agreement No. 1 (Amended and Restated effective June 1, 1997), dated June 12, 1997, by and between Cleveland-Cliffs Inc and KeyBank National Association, Trustee, with respect to the Cleveland-Cliffs Inc Supplemental Retirement Benefit Plan, Severance Pay Plan for Key Employees and certain executive agreements (filed as Exhibit 10(o) to Form 10-K of Cliffs on February 5, 2002 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(w)	  	* Trust Agreement No. 1 Amendments to Exhibits, effective as of January 1, 2000, by and between Cleveland-Cliffs Inc and KeyBank National Association, as Trustee (filed as Exhibit 10(n) to Form 10-K of Cliffs on March 16, 2000 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(x)	  	* First Amendment to Trust Agreement No. 1, effective September 10, 2002, by and between Cleveland-Cliffs Inc and KeyBank National Association, as Trustee (filed as Exhibit 10(p) to Form 10-K of Cliffs on February 5, 2003 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(y)	  	* Second Amendment to Trust Agreement No. 1 between Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. (f/k/a Cleveland-Cliffs Inc) and KeyBank, N.A. entered into and effective as of December 31, 2008	  	Filed Herewith	
			
10(z)	  	* Amended and Restated Trust Agreement No. 2, effective as of October 15, 2002, by and between Cleveland-Cliffs Inc and KeyBank National Association, Trustee, with respect to Executive Agreements and Indemnification Agreements with the Company’s Directors and certain Officers, the Company’s Severance Pay Plan for Key Employees, and the Retention Plan for Salaried Employees (filed as Exhibit 10(q) to Form 10-K of Cliffs on February 5, 2003 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(aa)	  	* Second Amendment to Amended and Restated Trust Agreement No. 2 between Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. (f/k/a Cleveland-Cliffs Inc) and KeyBank, N.A. entered into and effective as of December 31, 2008	  	Filed Herewith	
			
10(bb)	  	* Trust Agreement No. 5, dated as of October 28, 1987, by and between Cleveland-Cliffs Inc and KeyBank National Association, Trustee, with respect to the Cleveland-Cliffs Inc Voluntary Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan (filed as Exhibit 10(v) to Form 10-K of Cliffs on February 2, 2001 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(cc)	  	* First Amendment to Trust Agreement No. 5, dated as of May 12, 1989, by and between Cleveland-Cliffs Inc and KeyBank National Association, Trustee (filed as Exhibit 10(x) to Form 10-K of Cliffs on February 2, 2001 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(dd)	  	* Second Amendment to Trust Agreement No. 5, dated as of April 9, 1991, by and between Cleveland-Cliffs Inc and KeyBank National Association, Trustee (filed as Exhibit 10(y) to Form 10-K of Cliffs on February 2, 2001 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(ee)	  	* Third Amendment to Trust Agreement No. 5, dated as of March 9, 1992, by and between Cleveland-Cliffs Inc and KeyBank National Association, Trustee (filed as Exhibit 10(z) to Form 10-K of Cliffs on February 2, 2001 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	

*	Reflects management contract or other compensatory arrangement required to be filed as an Exhibit pursuant to Item 15 (c) of this Report.	
 
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Exhibit
Number	  	 	  	Pagination by
Sequential
Numbering System	
10(ff)	  	* Fourth Amendment to Trust Agreement No. 5, dated November 18, 1994, by and between Cleveland-Cliffs Inc and KeyBank National Association, Trustee (filed as Exhibit 10(w) to Form 10-K of Cliffs on March 16, 2000 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(gg)	  	* Fifth Amendment to Trust Agreement No. 5, dated May 23, 1997, by and between Cleveland-Cliffs Inc and KeyBank National Association, Trustee (filed as Exhibit 10(cc) to Form 10-K of Cliffs on February 5, 2002 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(hh)	  	* Sixth Amendment to Trust Agreement No. 5 between Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. (f/k/a Cleveland-Cliffs Inc) and KeyBank, N.A. entered into and effective as of December 31, 2008	  	Filed Herewith	
			
10(ii)	  	* Trust Agreement No. 7, dated as of April 9, 1991, by and between Cleveland-Cliffs Inc and KeyBank National Association, Trustee, with respect to the Cleveland-Cliffs Inc Supplemental Retirement Benefit Plan (filed as Exhibit 10(ee) to Form 10-K of Cliffs on February 2, 2001 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(jj)	  	* First Amendment to Trust Agreement No. 7, by and between Cleveland-Cliffs Inc and KeyBank National Association, Trustee, dated as of March 9, 1992 (filed as Exhibit 10(ff) to Form 10-K of Cliffs on February 2, 2001 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(kk)	  	* Second Amendment to Trust Agreement No. 7, dated November 18, 1994, by and between Cleveland-Cliffs Inc and KeyBank National Association, Trustee (filed as Exhibit 10(bb) to Form 10-K of Cliffs on March 16, 2000 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(ll)	  	* Third Amendment to Trust Agreement No. 7, dated May 23, 1997, by and between Cleveland-Cliffs Inc and KeyBank National Association, Trustee (filed as Exhibit 10(ii) to Form 10-K of Cliffs on February 5, 2002 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(mm)	  	* Fourth Amendment to Trust Agreement No. 7, dated July 15, 1997, by and between Cleveland-Cliffs Inc and KeyBank National Association, Trustee (filed as Exhibit 10(jj) to Form 10-K of Cliffs on February 5, 2002 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(nn)	  	* Amendment to Exhibits to Trust Agreement No. 7, effective as of January 1, 2000, by and between Cleveland-Cliffs Inc and KeyBank National Association, Trustee (filed as Exhibit 10(ee) to Form 10-K of Cliffs on March 16, 2000 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(oo)	  	* Sixth Amendment to Trust Agreement No. 7 between Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. (f/k/a Cleveland-Cliffs Inc) and KeyBank, N.A. entered into and effective as of December 31, 2008	  	Filed Herewith	
			
10(pp)	  	* Trust Agreement No. 8, dated as of April 9, 1991, by and between Cleveland-Cliffs Inc and KeyBank National Association, Trustee, with respect to the Cleveland-Cliffs Inc Retirement Plan for Non-Employee Directors (filed as Exhibit 10(kk) to Form 10-K of Cliffs on February 2, 2001 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(qq)	  	* First Amendment to Trust Agreement No. 8, dated as of March 9, 1992, by and between Cleveland-Cliffs Inc and KeyBank National Association, Trustee (filed as Exhibit 10(ll) to Form 10-K of Cliffs on February 2, 2001 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	

*	Reflects management contract or other compensatory arrangement required to be filed as an Exhibit pursuant to Item 15 (c) of this Report.	
 
163

Table of Contents

Exhibit
Number	  	 	  	Pagination by
Sequential
Numbering System	
10(rr)	  	* Second Amendment to Trust Agreement No. 8, dated June 12, 1997, by and between Cleveland-Cliffs Inc and KeyBank National Association, Trustee (filed as Exhibit 10(nn) to Form 10-K of Cliffs on February 5, 2002 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(ss)	  	* Third Amendment to Trust Agreement No. 8 between Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. (f/k/a Cleveland-Cliffs Inc) and KeyBank, N.A. entered into and effective as of December 31, 2008	  	Filed Herewith	
			
10(tt)	  	* Trust Agreement No. 9, dated as of November 20, 1996, by and between Cleveland-Cliffs Inc and KeyBank National Association, Trustee, with respect to the Cleveland-Cliffs Inc Nonemployee Directors’ Supplemental Compensation Plan (filed as Exhibit 10(oo) to Form 10-K of Cliffs on February 5, 2002 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(uu)	  	* First Amendment to Trust Agreement No. 9 between Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. (f/k/a Cleveland-Cliffs Inc) and KeyBank, N.A. entered into and effective as of December 31, 2008	  	Filed Herewith	
			
10(vv)	  	* Trust Agreement No. 10, dated as of November 20, 1996, by and between Cleveland-Cliffs Inc and KeyBank National Association, Trustee, with respect to the Cleveland-Cliffs Inc Nonemployee Directors’ Compensation Plan (filed as Exhibit 10(pp) to Form 10-K of Cliffs on February 5, 2002 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(ww)	  	* First Amendment to Trust Agreement No. 10 between Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. (f/k/a Cleveland-Cliffs Inc) and KeyBank, N.A. entered into and effective as of December 31, 2008	  	Filed Herewith	
			
10(xx)	  	* Letter Agreement of Employment by and between Cleveland-Cliffs Inc and Joseph A. Carrabba dated April 29, 2005 (filed as Exhibit 10(b) to Form 10-Q of Cliffs on July 28, 2005 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(yy)	  	* Letter Agreement of Employment by and between Cleveland-Cliffs Inc and Laurie Brlas dated November 22, 2006 (filed as Exhibit 10(a) to Form 8-K of Cliffs on November 28, 2006 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(zz)	  	* Letter Agreement of Employment by and between Cleveland-Cliffs Inc and William Brake dated April 4, 2007 (filed as Exhibit 10(a) to Form 8-K of Cliffs on April 10, 2007 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(aaa)	  	* Cleveland-Cliffs Inc Executive Management Performance Incentive Plan adopted July 27, 2007 and effective as of January 1, 2007 (filed as Annex C to the proxy statement of Cliffs on June 15, 2007 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(bbb)	  	* First Amendment to Executive Management Performance Incentive Plan dated December 31, 2008	  	Filed Herewith	
			
10(ccc)	  	* Cleveland-Cliffs Inc 2007 Incentive Equity Plan adopted July 27, 2007 and effective as of March 13, 2007 (filed as Annex B to the proxy statement of Cliffs on June 15, 2007 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(ddd)	  	* First Amendment to Cleveland-Cliffs Inc 2007 Incentive Equity Plan dated as of August 11, 2008 (filed as Exhibit 10(b) of Form 8-K of Cliffs on August 14, 2008 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	

*	Reflects management contract or other compensatory arrangement required to be filed as an Exhibit pursuant to Item 15 (c) of this Report.	
 
164

Table of Contents

Exhibit
Number	  	 	  	Pagination by
Sequential
Numbering System	
10(eee)	  	* Second Amendment to 2007 Incentive Equity Plan dated December 31, 2008 by Cliffs Natural Resources Inc.	  	Filed Herewith	
			
10(fff)	  	* Amendment No. 3 to the Cleveland-Cliffs Inc 2007 Incentive Equity Plan dated as of January 13, 2009 by Cliffs Natural Resources Inc.	  	Filed Herewith	
			
10(ggg)	  	* Form of 2007 Participant Grant and Agreement effective March 13, 2007 from the Cleveland-Cliffs Inc 2007 Incentive Equity Plan (filed as Exhibit 10(d) to Form 10-Q of Cliffs on August 3, 2007 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(hhh)	  	* Form of 2008 Participant Grant and Agreement Under the 2007 Incentive Equity Plan for performance grant period January 1, 2008 through December 31, 2009, effective March 10, 2008 (filed as Exhibit 10(b) to Form 10-Q of Cliffs on July 31, 2008 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(iii)	  	* Omnibus Amendment To Restricted Shares Agreements, Participant Grant and Agreements, 1992 Incentive Equity Plan, 2007 Incentive Equity Plan, Long-Term Incentive Program, and 2000 Retention Plan dated December 31, 2008 by Cliffs Natural Resources Inc.	  	Filed Herewith	
			
10(jjj)	  	* Omnibus Amendment to Outstanding Grants Under Cleveland-Cliffs Inc 2007 Incentive Equity Plan dated January 13, 2009 between Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. and Plan participants	  	Filed Herewith	
			
10(kkk)	  	* Form of Amendment and Restatement of Severance Agreement entered into between Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. and elected officers and certain mine managers (filed as Exhibit 10(b) to Form 8-K of Cliffs on November 14, 2008 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(lll)	  	* Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. 2005 Voluntary Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan (Effective as of January 1, 2005) dated November 11, 2008 (filed as Exhibit 10(a) to Form 8-K of Cliffs on November 14, 2008 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(mmm)	  	* Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. Supplemental Retirement Benefit Plan (as Amended and Restated effective December 1, 2006) dated December 31, 2008	  	Filed Herewith	
			
10(nnn)	  	* Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. Nonemployee Directors’ Compensation Plan (Amended and Restated as of December 31, 2008)	  	Filed Herewith	
			
10(ooo)	  	Registration Rights Agreement dated as of July 11, 2008 by and between Cleveland-Cliffs Inc and United Mining Co., Ltd. (filed as Exhibit 10(e) to Form 10-Q of Cliffs on July 31, 2008 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(ppp)	  	Payment Agreement among Cleveland-Cliffs Inc, Cliffs Mining Company, The Regent Investment Company, L.P., Questor Partners Fund II, L.P., Questor Side-by-Side Partners II, L.P., Questor Side-by-Side Partners II 3(c)1, L.P., Questor General Partner II, L.P., and PinnOak Resources Employee Equity Incentive Plan, LLC, entered into October 3, 2008 (filed as Exhibit 10(a) for Form S-3 of Cliffs on October 7, 2008 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(qqq)	  	** Pellet Sale and Purchase Agreement, dated and effective as of January 31, 2002, by and among The Cleveland-Cliffs Iron Company, Cliffs Mining Company, Northshore Mining Company and Algoma Steel Inc. (filed as Exhibit 10(a) to Form 10-Q of Cliffs on April 25, 2002 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	

*	Reflects management contract or other compensatory arrangement required to be filed as an Exhibit pursuant to Item 15 (c) of this Report.	
**	Confidential treatment requested and/or approved as to certain portions, which portions have been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.	
 
165

Table of Contents

Exhibit
Number	  	 	  	Pagination by
Sequential
Numbering System	
10(rrr)	  	** Pellet Sale and Purchase Agreement, dated and effective as of April 10, 2002, by and among The Cleveland-Cliffs Iron Company, Cliffs Mining Company, Northshore Mining Company, Northshore Sales Company, International Steel Group Inc., ISG Cleveland Inc., and ISG Indiana Harbor Inc. (filed as Exhibit 10(a) to Form 10-Q of Cliffs on July 25, 2002 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(sss)	  	** First Amendment to Pellet Sale and Purchase Agreement, dated and effective December 16, 2004 by and among The Cleveland-Cliffs Iron Company, Cliffs Mining Company, Northshore Mining Company, Cliffs Sales Company (formerly known as Northshore Sales Company), International Steel Group Inc., ISG Cleveland Inc., and ISG Indiana Harbor (filed as Exhibit 10(a) to Form 8-K of Cliffs on December 29, 2004, and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(ttt)	  	** Pellet Sale and Purchase Agreement, dated and effective as of December 31, 2002 by and among The Cleveland-Cliffs Iron Company, Cliffs Mining Company, and Ispat Inland Inc. (filed as Exhibit 10(vv) to Form 10-K of Cliffs filed on February 5, 2003, and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(uuu)	  	** Amended and Restated Pellet Sale and Purchase Agreement, dated and effective as of May 17, 2004, by and among The Cleveland-Cliffs Iron Company, Cliffs Mining Company, Northshore Mining Company, Cliffs Sales Company, International Steel Group Inc., and ISG Weirton Inc. (filed as Exhibit 10(a) of Form 8-K of Cliffs on September 21, 2004, and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(vvv)	  	** Umbrella Agreement between Mittal Steel USA and Cleveland-Cliffs Inc, The Cleveland-Cliffs Iron Company, Cliffs Mining Company, Northshore Mining Company, and Cliffs Sales Company amending three existing pellet sales contracts for Mittal Steel USA-Indiana Harbor West (Exhibit 10(rrr) and 10(sss) above in this index), Mittal Steel USA-Indiana Harbor East (Exhibit 10(ttt) above in this index), and Mittal Steel USA-Weirton (Exhibit 10(uuu) above in this index) dated as of March 1, 2007 and effective as of April 12, 2006 (filed as Exhibit 10(www) for Form 10-K of Cliffs on May 25, 2007 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(www)	  	** Amended and Restated Pellet Sale and Purchase Agreement, dated and effective January 1, 2006 by and among Cliffs Sales Company, The Cleveland-Cliffs Iron Company, Cliffs Mining Company, and Severstal North America, Inc. (filed as Exhibit 10(fff) of Form 10-K of Cliffs on February 21, 2006 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(xxx)	  	** Term Sheet for Amendment and Extension of the Amended and Restated Pellet Sale and Purchase Agreement among Cliffs Sales Company, The Cleveland-Cliffs Iron Company, Cliffs Mining Company, and Severstal North America, Inc. (filed as Exhibit 10(d) to Form 10-Q of Cliffs on July 31, 2008 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	
			
10(yyy)	  	** Pellet Sale and Purchase Agreement by and among The Cleveland-Cliffs Iron Company, Cliffs Sales Company, and AK Steel Corporation dated November 10, 2006 and effective January 1, 2007 through December 31, 2013 (filed as Exhibit 10(a) to Form 8-K of Cliffs on November 15, 2006 and incorporated by reference)	  	Not Applicable	

**	Confidential treatment requested and/or approved as to certain portions, which portions have been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.	
 
166

Table of Contents

Exhibit
Number	  	 	  	Pagination by
Sequential
Numbering System	
12	  	Ratio of Earnings To Combined Fixed Charges
And Preferred Stock Dividend Requirements	  	Filed Herewith	
			
21	  	Subsidiaries of the registrant	  	Filed Herewith	
			
23	  	Consent of independent auditors	  	Filed Herewith	
			
24	  	Power of Attorney	  	Filed Herewith	
			
  31(a)	  	Certification Pursuant to 15 U.S.C. Section 7241, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, signed and dated by Joseph A. Carrabba as of February 26, 2009	  	Filed Herewith	
			
  31(b)	  	Certification Pursuant to 15 U.S.C. Section 7241, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, signed and dated by Laurie Brlas as of February 26, 2009	  	Filed Herewith	
			
  32(a)	  	Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, signed and dated by Joseph A. Carrabba, President and Chief Executive Officer of Cliffs Natural Resources Inc., as of February 26, 2009	  	Filed Herewith	
			
  32(b)	  	Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, signed and dated by Laurie Brlas, Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer of Cliffs Natural Resources Inc., as of February 26, 2009	  	Filed Herewith	
			
  99(a)	  	Schedule II — Valuation and Qualifying Accounts	  	Filed Herewith	
 
167

Exhibit 10(u)
OMNIBUS AMENDMENT
TO
OUTSTANDING GRANTS UNDER
CLEVELAND-CLIFFS INC 1992 INCENTIVE EQUITY PLAN
(AS AMENDED AND RESTATED AS OF MAY 13, 1997)
THIS OMNIBUS AMENDMENT is made this 13th day of January, 2009, by Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. (the “Company”).
WITNESSETH:
WHEREAS, from time to time the Company has granted restricted shares, performance shares, retention units and restricted share units to certain participants under the Cleveland-Cliffs Inc 1992 Incentive Equity Plan (As Amended and Restated as of May 13, 1997) (the “Plan”) as such grants are set forth in certain Restricted Shares Agreements and Participant Grant and Agreements (the “Agreements”); and
WHEREAS, it is the desire of the Company to amend such Agreements in order to require that Plan participants’ tax withholding requirements relating to any grants under the Plan be automatically satisfied out of the grants; and
WHEREAS, the Company has the power to amend such Agreements with the written consent of the grantee; and

NOW, THEREFORE, effective as of January 13, 2009 with respect to all currently outstanding grants under the Plan, the Company hereby amends all currently outstanding Agreements issued under the Plan as follows:
(1) The Agreements are hereby amended such that any “Withholding Taxes” provisions or similar provisions shall be deleted and the following new provision will be substituted in lieu thereof to read as follows:
“The Company shall withhold the minimum amount of taxes which it determines it is required by law or required by the terms of the Cleveland-Cliffs Inc 1992 Incentive Equity Plan (As Amended and Restated as of May 13, 1997) (for purposes of this paragraph, the “Plan”) to withhold in connection with any recognition of income incident to this Plan payable in cash or Common Shares to a Grantee or beneficiary. In the event of a taxable event occurring with regard to Common Shares on or after the date that the Common Shares become nonforfeitable, the Company shall reduce the Common Shares owed to the Grantee or beneficiary by the fewest number of such Common Shares owed to the Grantee or beneficiary such that the Fair Market Value of such Common Shares shall equal (or exceed by not more than the Fair Market Value of a single Common Share) the Grantee’s or other person’s “Minimum Withholding Tax Liability” resulting from such recognition of income. The Company shall pay cash equal to such Fair Market Value to the appropriate taxing authority for purposes of satisfying such withholding responsibility. If a distribution or other event does not result in any withholding tax liability as a result of the Grantee’s election to be taxed at an earlier date or for any other reason, the Company shall not reduce the Common Shares owed to the Grantee or beneficiary. For purposes of this paragraph, “Fair Market Value” shall mean the latest available closing price per share of a Common Share on the New York Stock Exchange or other recognized market if the stock does not trade on the New York Stock Exchange at the relevant time. For purposes of this paragraph, a person’s “Minimum Withholding Tax Liability” is the product of: (a) the aggregate minimum applicable federal and applicable state and local income withholding tax rates on the date of a recognition of income incident to the Plan; and (b) the Fair Market Value of the Common Shares recognized as income to the Grantee or other person determined as of the date of recognition of income, or other taxable amount under applicable statutes . If not otherwise defined in this paragraph or this Agreement, capitalized terms shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the Plan.”
[signature page follows]
 
2

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, a duly authorized officer of the Company has caused this Omnibus Amendment to be executed this 13th day of January, 2009.

CLIFFS NATURAL RESOURCES INC.	
		
By:	 	 	
GRANTEE ACKNOWLEDGMENT AND CONSENT:
In accordance with the foregoing, I acknowledge that I have read and understand the Omnibus Amendment and consent to the terms of this Omnibus Amendment applying to all of my outstanding grants under the Plan.

   	
Grantee	

Date	
 
3

Exhibit 10(y)
SECOND AMENDMENT TO TRUST AGREEMENT NO. 1
THIS SECOND AMENDMENT TO TRUST AGREEMENT NO. 1 (“ Amendment ”) is entered into effective as of December 31, 2008, between CLIFFS NATURAL RESOURCES INC., f/k/a Cleveland-Cliffs Inc, an Ohio corporation (the “ Company ”), and KeyBank, N.A., the successor in interest to Key Trust Company of Ohio, N.A. (“ Trustee ”).
RECITALS:
A. The Company and Trustee entered into that certain Trust Agreement No. 1, dated as of June 12, 1997 (as amended, the “ Agreement ”).
B. The Company and Trustee amended the Agreement pursuant to that certain First Amendment to Trust Agreement No. 1, dated as of September 10, 2002.
C. The Company and Trustee further amended the Agreement pursuant to that certain Amendment to Exhibits to Trust Agreement No. 1, dated as of February 15, 2000.
D. The Company has determined that it is in the best interests of the Company to amend the Agreement to comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (as amended, the “ Code ”).
E. Capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings assigned to such terms in the Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises and covenants contained herein, the Company and Employee agree as follows
1. Immediately following Section 1(d) of the Agreement there shall be inserted the following:
“(e) Notwithstanding the foregoing, no transfer of property (as such term is defined in Section 83 of the Code) or assets to the Trust shall be made if such transfer would violate the terms of Section 409A(b)(2) or (b)(3) of the Code.”
2. Section 13(b) shall be deleted in its entirety, and there shall be substituted in lieu thereof, the following:
“(b) If the Internal Revenue Service, or, if an appeal is taken therefrom, a court of competent jurisdiction, makes a determination pursuant to which any provision of this Trust Agreement No. 1 requires any amounts to be includable as compensation in the gross income of a Trust Beneficiary in a taxable year that is prior to the taxable year or years in which such amounts would, but for such a determination, otherwise actually be distributed or made available to the Trust Beneficiary, then the provision that is the basis for such a determination shall be (i) void and of no force or effect, or (ii) read and

interpreted in a manner that will not result in any amounts being includable as compensation in the gross income of a Trust Beneficiary in a taxable year that is prior to the taxable year or years in which such amounts would otherwise actually be distributed or made available to the Trust Beneficiary.”
3. Exhibit B to the Agreement shall be deleted in its entirety, and there shall be substituted in lieu thereof, the following:
“For purposes of this Trust Agreement No. 1, the term “Change of Control” shall mean the occurrence during the Term of any of the following events:
(i) Any one person, or more than one person acting as a group, acquires ownership of stock of the Company that, together with stock held by such person or group, constitutes more than 50% of the total fair market value or total voting power of the stock of the Company. However, if any one person, or more than one person acting as a group, is considered to own more than 50% of the total fair market value or total voting power of the stock of the Company, the acquisition of additional stock by the same person or persons is not considered to cause a Change in Control. An increase in the percentage of stock owned by any one person, or persons acting as a group, as a result of a transaction in which the Company acquires its stock in exchange for property will be treated as an acquisition of stock for purposes of this Trust Agreement No. 1.
(ii) Any one person, or more than one person acting as a group, acquires (or has acquired during the 12-month period ending on the date of the most recent acquisition by such person or persons) ownership of stock of the Company possessing 35% or more of the total voting power of the stock of the Company.
(iii) A majority of members (each, a “Director”) of the Board is replaced during any 12-month period by Directors whose appointment or election is not endorsed by a majority of the members of the Board prior to the date of the appointment or election.
(iv) Any one person, or more than one person acting as a group. acquires (or has acquired during the 12-month period ending on the date of the most recent acquisition by such person or persons) assets from the Company that have a total gross fair market value equal to or more than 40% of the total gross fair market value of all of the assets of the Company immediately prior to such acquisition or acquisitions.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, any acquisition of ownership of stock of the Company by any one person, or more than one person acting as a group, pursuant to a Business Combination shall not constitute a Change of Control. A “Business Combination” shall mean any business transaction such as a reorganization, merge or consolidation involving the Company, a sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or any other transaction involving the Company, if, in each case, immediately following any such business transaction, (A) all or substantially all of the individuals and entities who were the beneficial owners of stock of the Company immediately prior to such business transaction beneficially own, directly or indirectly, more than 55% of the combined voting power of the then outstanding shares of stock of the entity which as a
 
2

result of such transaction owns (including, without limitation, an entity which as a result of such transaction owns the Company or all or substantially all of the Company’s assets either directly or through one or more subsidiaries) in substantially the same proportions relative to each other as their ownership, immediately prior to such business transaction, of the stock of the Company, (B) no one person, or more than one person acting as a group (other than the Company, such entity resulting from such business transaction, or employee benefit plan (or related trust) sponsored or maintained by the Company, any Subsidiary or such entity resulting from such business transaction), beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, 30% or more of the combined voting power of the then outstanding shares of stock of the entity resulting from such business transaction were members of the Incumbent Board at the time of the execution of the initial agreement or of the action of the Board providing for such business transaction, and (C) at least a majority of the members of the board of directors of the entity resulting from such business transaction were members of the Incumbent Board at the time of the execution of the initial agreement or of the action of the Board of Directors providing for such business transaction.
The “Incumbent Board” shall mean those individuals who, as of December 31, 2008, constitute the Board; provided, however, that any individual becoming a Director subsequent to December 31, 2008 whose election, or nomination for election by the Company’s shareholders, was approved by a vote of at least a majority of the Directors then comprising the Incumbent Board (either by a specific vote or by approval of the proxy statement of the Company in which such person is named as a nominee for Director, without objection to such nomination) shall be deemed to have been a member of the Incumbent Board, but excluding for this purpose, any such individual whose initial assumption of office occurs as a result of an actual or threatened election contest (as described in Rule 14(a)-12(c) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) with respect to the election or removal of Directors or other actual or threatened solicitation of proxies or consents by or on behalf of a person other than the Board.
For purposes of this Trust Agreement No. 1, other than the definition of “Business Combination,” (i) persons will be considered to be acting as a group if they are owners of a corporation that enters into a merger, consolidation, purchase or acquisition of stock, or similar business transaction with the Company, and (ii) if a person, including an entity owns stock in both corporations that enter into a merger, consolidation, purchase or acquisition of stock, or similar transaction, such shareholder is considered to be acting as a group with other shareholders in a corporation prior to the transaction giving rise to the change and not with respect to the ownership interest in the other corporation.”
4. This Amendment shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the internal laws, and not the law of conflicts, of the State of Ohio.
5. In all other respects, the Agreement and each and every provision thereof shall remain in full force and effect as if fully restated herein.
[Signature Page Follows]
 
3

INTENDING TO BE LEGALLY BOUND, the parties hereto have executed this Amendment as of the date first written above.

CLIFFS NATURAL RESOURCES INC.	
(the “Company”)	
	
/s/ W. A. Brake	
Name:	 	W. A. Brake	
Its:	 	EVP Human & Tech. Resources	
	
KEYBANK, N.A.	
(“Trustee”)	
	
/s/ Thor Haraldsson	
Name:	 	Thor Haraldsson	
Its:	 	Vice President	
	
and	

Name:	 	 	
Its:	 	 	
 
4

Exhibit 10(aa)
SECOND AMENDMENT TO
AMENDED AND RESTATED TRUST AGREEMENT NO. 2
THIS SECOND AMENDMENT TO AMENDED AND RESTATED TRUST AGREEMENT NO. 2 (“ Amendment ”) is entered into effective as of December 31, 2008, between CLIFFS NATURAL RESOURCES INC., f/k/a Cleveland-Cliffs Inc, an Ohio corporation (the “ Company ”), and KeyBank, N.A. (“ Trustee ”).
RECITALS:
A. The Company and Trustee entered into that certain Amended and Restated Trust Agreement No. 2, dated as of October 15, 2002, as amended by that certain First Amendment to Amended and Restated Trust Agreement No. 2, dated as of July 15, 1997 (as amended, the “ Agreement ”).
B. The Company has determined that it is in the best interests of the Company to further amend the Agreement to comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (as amended, the “ Code ”).
C. Capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings assigned to such terms in the Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises and covenants contained herein, the Company and Employee agree as follows
1. The third sentence of Section 1(b) shall be deleted in its entirety, and there shall be substituted in lieu thereof, the following:
“For purposes of this Trust Agreement No. 2, the term “Change of Control” shall mean the occurrence during the Term of any of the following events:
(i) Any one person, or more than one person acting as a group, acquires ownership of stock of the Company that, together with stock held by such person or group, constitutes more than 50% of the total fair market value or total voting power of the stock of the Company. However, if any one person, or more than one person acting as a group, is considered to own more than 50% of the total fair market value or total voting power of the stock of the Company, the acquisition of additional stock by the same person or persons is not considered to cause a Change in Control. An increase in the percentage of stock owned by any one person, or persons acting as a group, as a result of a transaction in which the Company acquires its stock in exchange for property will be treated as an acquisition of stock for purposes of this Trust Agreement No. 2.
(ii) Any one person, or more than one person acting as a group, acquires (or has acquired during the 12-month period ending on the date of the most recent acquisition by such person or persons) ownership of stock of the Company possessing 35% or more of the total voting power of the stock of the Company.

(iii) A majority of members (each, a “Director”) of the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”) is replaced during any 12-month period by Directors whose appointment or election is not endorsed by a majority of the members of the Board prior to the date of the appointment or election.
(iv) Any one person, or more than one person acting as a group. acquires (or has acquired during the 12-month period ending on the date of the most recent acquisition by such person or persons) assets from the Company that have a total gross fair market value equal to or more than 40% of the total gross fair market value of all of the assets of the Company immediately prior to such acquisition or acquisitions.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, any acquisition of ownership of stock of the Company by any one person, or more than one person acting as a group, pursuant to a Business Combination shall not constitute a Change of Control. A “Business Combination” shall mean any business transaction such as a reorganization, merge or consolidation involving the Company, a sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or any other transaction involving the Company, if, in each case, immediately following any such business transaction, (A) all or substantially all of the individuals and entities who were the beneficial owners of stock of the Company immediately prior to such business transaction beneficially own, directly or indirectly, more than 55% of the combined voting power of the then outstanding shares of stock of the entity which as a result of such transaction owns (including, without limitation, an entity which as a result of such transaction owns the Company or all or substantially all of the Company’s assets either directly or through one or more subsidiaries) in substantially the same proportions relative to each other as their ownership, immediately prior to such business transaction, of the stock of the Company, (B) no one person, or more than one person acting as a group (other than the Company, such entity resulting from such business transaction, or employee benefit plan (or related trust) sponsored or maintained by the Company, any Subsidiary or such entity resulting from such business transaction), beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, 30% or more of the combined voting power of the then outstanding shares of stock of the entity resulting from such business transaction were members of the Incumbent Board at the time of the execution of the initial agreement or of the action of the Board providing for such business transaction, and (C) at least a majority of the members of the board of directors of the entity resulting from such business transaction were members of the Incumbent Board at the time of the execution of the initial agreement or of the action of the Board of Directors providing for such business transaction.
The “Incumbent Board” shall mean those individuals who, as of December 31, 2008, constitute the Board; provided, however, that any individual becoming a Director subsequent to December 31, 2008 whose election, or nomination for election by the Company’s shareholders, was approved by a vote of at least a majority of the Directors then comprising the Incumbent Board (either by a specific vote or by approval of the proxy statement of the Company in which such person is named as a nominee for Director, without objection to such nomination) shall be deemed to have been a member of the Incumbent Board, but excluding for this purpose, any such individual whose initial assumption of office occurs as a result of an actual or threatened election contest (as
 
2

described in Rule 14(a)-12(c) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) with respect to the election or removal of Directors or other actual or threatened solicitation of proxies or consents by or on behalf of a person other than the Board.
For purposes of this Trust Agreement No. 2, other than the definition of “Business Combination,” (i) persons will be considered to be acting as a group if they are owners of a corporation that enters into a merger, consolidation, purchase or acquisition of stock, or similar business transaction with the Company, and (ii) if a person, including an entity owns stock in both corporations that enter into a merger, consolidation, purchase or acquisition of stock, or similar transaction, such shareholder is considered to be acting as a group with other shareholders in a corporation prior to the transaction giving rise to the change and not with respect to the ownership interest in the other corporation.”
2. Immediately following Section 1(g) of the Agreement there shall be inserted the following:
“(h) Notwithstanding the foregoing, no transfer of property (as such term is defined in Section 83 of the Code) or assets to the Trust shall be made if such transfer would violate the terms of Section 409A(b)(2) or (b)(3) of the Code.”
3. This Amendment shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the internal laws, and not the law of conflicts, of the State of Ohio.
4. In all other respects, the Agreement and each and every provision thereof shall remain in full force and effect as if fully restated herein.
[Signature Page Follows]
 
3

INTENDING TO BE LEGALLY BOUND, the parties hereto have executed this Amendment as of the date first written above.

CLIFFS NATURAL RESOURCES INC.	
(the “Company”)	
	
/s/ W. A. Brake	
Name:	 	W. A. Brake	
Its:	 	EVP Human & Technical Resources	
	
KEYBANK, N.A.	
(“Trustee”)	
	
/s/ Thor Haraldsson	
Name:	 	Thor Haraldsson	
Its:	 	Vice President	
	
and	

Name:	 	 	
Its:	 	 	
 
4

Exhibit 10(hh)
SIXTH AMENDMENT TO TRUST AGREEMENT NO. 5
THIS SIXTH AMENDMENT TO TRUST AGREEMENT NO. 5 (“ Amendment ”) is entered into effective as of December 31, 2008, between CLIFFS NATURAL RESOURCES INC., f/k/a Cleveland-Cliffs Inc, an Ohio corporation (the “ Company ”), and KeyBank, N.A., the successor in interest to Key Trust Company of Ohio, N.A. (“ Trustee ”).
RECITALS:
A. The Company and Trustee entered into that certain Trust Agreement No. 5, dated as of October 28, 1987 (as amended, the “ Agreement ”).
B. The Company and Trustee amended the Agreement pursuant to that certain Amendment No. 1 to Trust Agreement, dated as of May 12, 1989.
C. The Company and Trustee further amended the Agreement pursuant to that certain Second Amendment to Trust Agreement No. 5, dated as of April 9, 1991.
D. The Company and Trustee further amended the Agreement pursuant to that certain Third Amendment to Trust Agreement No. 5, dated as of March 9, 1992.
E. The Company and Trustee further amended the Agreement pursuant to that certain Fourth Amendment to Trust Agreement No. 5, dated as of November 18, 1994.
F. The Company and Trustee further amended the Agreement pursuant to that certain Fifth Amendment to Trust Agreement No. 5, dated as of May 23, 1997.
G. The Company has determined that it is in the best interests of the Company to further amend the Agreement to comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (as amended, the “ Code ”).
H. Capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings assigned to such terms in the Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises and covenants contained herein, the Company and Employee agree as follows
1. The third sentence of Section 1(b) shall be deleted in its entirety, and there shall be substituted in lieu thereof, the following:
“For purposes of this Trust Agreement No. 5, the term “Change of Control” shall mean the occurrence during the Term of any of the following events:
(i) Any one person, or more than one person acting as a group, acquires ownership of stock of the Company that, together with stock held by such person or group, constitutes more than 50% of the total fair market value or total voting power of the stock of the Company. However, if any one person, or more than one person acting

as a group, is considered to own more than 50% of the total fair market value or total voting power of the stock of the Company, the acquisition of additional stock by the same person or persons is not considered to cause a Change in Control. An increase in the percentage of stock owned by any one person, or persons acting as a group, as a result of a transaction in which the Company acquires its stock in exchange for property will be treated as an acquisition of stock for purposes of this Trust Agreement No. 5.
(ii) Any one person, or more than one person acting as a group, acquires (or has acquired during the 12-month period ending on the date of the most recent acquisition by such person or persons) ownership of stock of the Company possessing 35% or more of the total voting power of the stock of the Company.
(iii) A majority of members (each, a “Director”) of the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”) is replaced during any 12-month period by Directors whose appointment or election is not endorsed by a majority of the members of the Board prior to the date of the appointment or election.
(iv) Any one person, or more than one person acting as a group. acquires (or has acquired during the 12-month period ending on the date of the most recent acquisition by such person or persons) assets from the Company that have a total gross fair market value equal to or more than 40% of the total gross fair market value of all of the assets of the Company immediately prior to such acquisition or acquisitions.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, any acquisition of ownership of stock of the Company by any one person, or more than one person acting as a group, pursuant to a Business Combination shall not constitute a Change of Control. A “Business Combination” shall mean any business transaction such as a reorganization, merge or consolidation involving the Company, a sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or any other transaction involving the Company, if, in each case, immediately following any such business transaction, (A) all or substantially all of the individuals and entities who were the beneficial owners of stock of the Company immediately prior to such business transaction beneficially own, directly or indirectly, more than 55% of the combined voting power of the then outstanding shares of stock of the entity which as a result of such transaction owns (including, without limitation, an entity which as a result of such transaction owns the Company or all or substantially all of the Company’s assets either directly or through one or more subsidiaries) in substantially the same proportions relative to each other as their ownership, immediately prior to such business transaction, of the stock of the Company, (B) no one person, or more than one person acting as a group (other than the Company, such entity resulting from such business transaction, or employee benefit plan (or related trust) sponsored or maintained by the Company, any Subsidiary or such entity resulting from such business transaction), beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, 30% or more of the combined voting power of the then outstanding shares of stock of the entity resulting from such business transaction were members of the Incumbent Board at the time of the execution of the initial agreement or of the action of the Board providing for such business transaction, and (C) at least a majority of the members of the board of directors of the entity resulting from such business transaction were members of the Incumbent Board at the time of the execution of the initial agreement or of the action of the Board of Directors providing for such business transaction.
 
2

The “Incumbent Board” shall mean those individuals who, as of December 31, 2008, constitute the Board; provided, however, that any individual becoming a Director subsequent to December 31, 2008 whose election, or nomination for election by the Company’s shareholders, was approved by a vote of at least a majority of the Directors then comprising the Incumbent Board (either by a specific vote or by approval of the proxy statement of the Company in which such person is named as a nominee for Director, without objection to such nomination) shall be deemed to have been a member of the Incumbent Board, but excluding for this purpose, any such individual whose initial assumption of office occurs as a result of an actual or threatened election contest (as described in Rule 14(a)-12(c) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) with respect to the election or removal of Directors or other actual or threatened solicitation of proxies or consents by or on behalf of a person other than the Board.
For purposes of this Trust Agreement No. 5, other than the definition of “Business Combination,” (i) persons will be considered to be acting as a group if they are owners of a corporation that enters into a merger, consolidation, purchase or acquisition of stock, or similar business transaction with the Company, and (ii) if a person, including an entity owns stock in both corporations that enter into a merger, consolidation, purchase or acquisition of stock, or similar transaction, such shareholder is considered to be acting as a group with other shareholders in a corporation prior to the transaction giving rise to the change and not with respect to the ownership interest in the other corporation.”
2. Immediately following Section 1(g) of the Agreement there shall be inserted the following:
“(h) Notwithstanding the foregoing, no transfer of property (as such term is defined in Section 83 of the Code) or assets to the Trust shall be made if such transfer would violate the terms of Section 409A(b)(2) or (b)(3) of the Code.”
3. Section 13(b) shall be deleted in its entirety, and there shall be substituted in lieu thereof, the following:
“(b) If the Internal Revenue Service, or, if an appeal is taken therefrom, a court of competent jurisdiction, makes a determination pursuant to which any provision of this Trust Agreement No. 1 requires any amounts to be includable as compensation in the gross income of a Trust Beneficiary in a taxable year that is prior to the taxable year or years in which such amounts would, but for such a determination, otherwise actually be distributed or made available to the Trust Beneficiary, then the provision that is the basis for such a determination shall be (i) void and of no force or effect, or (ii) read and interpreted in a manner that will not result in any amounts being includable as compensation in the gross income of a Trust Beneficiary in a taxable year that is prior to the taxable year or years in which such amounts would otherwise actually be distributed or made available to the Trust Beneficiary.”
 
3

4. This Amendment shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the internal laws, and not the law of conflicts, of the State of Ohio.
5. In all other respects, the Agreement and each and every provision thereof shall remain in full force and effect as if fully restated herein.
[Signature Page Follows]
 
4

INTENDING TO BE LEGALLY BOUND, the parties hereto have executed this Amendment as of the date first written above.

CLIFFS NATURAL RESOURCES INC.	
(the “Company”)	
	
/s/ W. A. Brake	
Name:	 	W. A. Brake	
Its:	 	EVP Human & Tech. Resources	
	
KEYBANK, N.A.	
(“Trustee”)	
	
/s/ Thor Haraldsson	
Name:	 	Thor Haraldsson	
Its:	 	Vice President	
	
and	

Name:	 	 	
Its:	 	 	
 
5

Exhibit 10(oo)
SIXTH AMENDMENT TO TRUST AGREEMENT NO. 7
THIS SIXTH AMENDMENT TO TRUST AGREEMENT NO. 7 (“ Amendment ”) is entered into effective as of December 31, 2008, between CLIFFS NATURAL RESOURCES INC., f/k/a Cleveland-Cliffs Inc, an Ohio corporation (the “ Company ”), and KeyBank, N.A., the successor in interest to Key Trust Company of Ohio, N.A. (“ Trustee ”).
RECITALS:
A. The Company and Trustee entered into that certain Trust Agreement No. 7, dated as of April 9, 1991 (as amended, the “ Agreement ”).
B. The Company and Trustee amended the Agreement pursuant to that certain First Amendment Trust Agreement No. 7, dated as of March 9, 1992.
C. The Company and Trustee further amended the Agreement pursuant to that certain Second Amendment to Trust Agreement No. 7, dated as of November 18, 1994.
D. The Company and Trustee further amended the Agreement pursuant to that certain Third Amendment to Trust Agreement No. 7, dated as of May 23, 1997.
E. The Company and Trustee further amended the Agreement pursuant to that certain Fourth Amendment to Trust Agreement No. 7, dated as of July 15, 1997.
F. The Company and Trustee further amended the Agreement pursuant to that certain Amendment to Exhibits to Trust Agreement No. 7, dated as of February 15, 2000.
G. The Company has determined that it is in the best interests of the Company to further amend the Agreement to comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (as amended, the “ Code ”).
H. Capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings assigned to such terms in the Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises and covenants contained herein, the Company and Employee agree as follows
1. The second sentence of Section 1(b) shall be deleted in its entirety, and there shall be substituted in lieu thereof, the following:
“For purposes of this Trust Agreement No. 7, the term “Change of Control” shall mean the occurrence during the Term of any of the following events:
(i) Any one person, or more than one person acting as a group, acquires ownership of stock of the Company that, together with stock held by such person or group, constitutes more than 50% of the total fair market value or total voting power of the stock of the Company. However, if any one person, or more than one person acting

as a group, is considered to own more than 50% of the total fair market value or total voting power of the stock of the Company, the acquisition of additional stock by the same person or persons is not considered to cause a Change in Control. An increase in the percentage of stock owned by any one person, or persons acting as a group, as a result of a transaction in which the Company acquires its stock in exchange for property will be treated as an acquisition of stock for purposes of this Trust Agreement No. 7.
(ii) Any one person, or more than one person acting as a group, acquires (or has acquired during the 12-month period ending on the date of the most recent acquisition by such person or persons) ownership of stock of the Company possessing 35% or more of the total voting power of the stock of the Company.
(iii) A majority of members (each, a “Director”) of the Board (as defined in Section 3(a) hereof) is replaced during any 12-month period by Directors whose appointment or election is not endorsed by a majority of the members of the Board prior to the date of the appointment or election.
(iv) Any one person, or more than one person acting as a group. acquires (or has acquired during the 12-month period ending on the date of the most recent acquisition by such person or persons) assets from the Company that have a total gross fair market value equal to or more than 40% of the total gross fair market value of all of the assets of the Company immediately prior to such acquisition or acquisitions.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, any acquisition of ownership of stock of the Company by any one person, or more than one person acting as a group, pursuant to a Business Combination shall not constitute a Change of Control. A “Business Combination” shall mean any business transaction such as a reorganization, merge or consolidation involving the Company, a sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or any other transaction involving the Company, if, in each case, immediately following any such business transaction, (A) all or substantially all of the individuals and entities who were the beneficial owners of stock of the Company immediately prior to such business transaction beneficially own, directly or indirectly, more than 55% of the combined voting power of the then outstanding shares of stock of the entity which as a result of such transaction owns (including, without limitation, an entity which as a result of such transaction owns the Company or all or substantially all of the Company’s assets either directly or through one or more subsidiaries) in substantially the same proportions relative to each other as their ownership, immediately prior to such business transaction, of the stock of the Company, (B) no one person, or more than one person acting as a group (other than the Company, such entity resulting from such business transaction, or employee benefit plan (or related trust) sponsored or maintained by the Company, any Subsidiary or such entity resulting from such business transaction), beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, 30% or more of the combined voting power of the then outstanding shares of stock of the entity resulting from such business transaction were members of the Incumbent Board at the time of the execution of the initial agreement or of the action of the Board providing for such business transaction, and (C) at least a majority of the members of the board of directors of the entity resulting from such business transaction were members of the Incumbent Board at the time of the execution of the initial agreement or of the action of the Board of Directors providing for such business transaction.
The “Incumbent Board” shall mean those individuals who, as of December 31, 2008, constitute the Board; provided, however, that any individual becoming a Director subsequent to December 31, 2008 whose election, or nomination for election by the
 
2

Company’s shareholders, was approved by a vote of at least a majority of the Directors then comprising the Incumbent Board (either by a specific vote or by approval of the proxy statement of the Company in which such person is named as a nominee for Director, without objection to such nomination) shall be deemed to have been a member of the Incumbent Board, but excluding for this purpose, any such individual whose initial assumption of office occurs as a result of an actual or threatened election contest (as described in Rule 14(a)-12(c) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) with respect to the election or removal of Directors or other actual or threatened solicitation of proxies or consents by or on behalf of a person other than the Board.
For purposes of this Trust Agreement No. 7, other than the definition of “Business Combination,” (i) persons will be considered to be acting as a group if they are owners of a corporation that enters into a merger, consolidation, purchase or acquisition of stock, or similar business transaction with the Company, and (ii) if a person, including an entity owns stock in both corporations that enter into a merger, consolidation, purchase or acquisition of stock, or similar transaction, such shareholder is considered to be acting as a group with other shareholders in a corporation prior to the transaction giving rise to the change and not with respect to the ownership interest in the other corporation.”
2. Immediately following Section 1(f) of the Agreement there shall be inserted the following:
“(g) Notwithstanding the foregoing, no transfer of property (as such term is defined in Section 83 of the Code) or assets to the Trust shall be made if such transfer would violate the terms of Section 409A(b)(2) or (b)(3) of the Code.”
3. Section 13(b) shall be deleted in its entirety, and there shall be substituted in lieu thereof, the following:
“(b) If the Internal Revenue Service, or, if an appeal is taken therefrom, a court of competent jurisdiction, makes a determination pursuant to which any provision of this Trust Agreement No. 1 requires any amounts to be includable as compensation in the gross income of a Trust Beneficiary in a taxable year that is prior to the taxable year or years in which such amounts would, but for such a determination, otherwise actually be distributed or made available to the Trust Beneficiary, then the provision that is the basis for such a determination shall be (i) void and of no force or effect, or (ii) read and interpreted in a manner that will not result in any amounts being includable as compensation in the gross income of a Trust Beneficiary in a taxable year that is prior to the taxable year or years in which such amounts would otherwise actually be distributed or made available to the Trust Beneficiary.”
4. This Amendment shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the internal laws, and not the law of conflicts, of the State of Ohio.
5. In all other respects, the Agreement and each and every provision thereof shall remain in full force and effect as if fully restated herein.
[Signature Page Follows]
 
3

INTENDING TO BE LEGALLY BOUND, the parties hereto have executed this Amendment as of the date first written above.

CLIFFS NATURAL RESOURCES INC.	
(the “Company”)	
	
/s/ W. A. Brake	
Name:	 	W. A. Brake	
Its:	 	EVP Human & Tech. Resources	
	
KEYBANK, N.A.	
(“Trustee”)	
	
/s/ Thor Haraldsson	
Name:	 	Thor Haraldsson	
Its:	 	Vice President	
	
and	

Name:	 	 	
Its:	 	 	
 
4

Exhibit 10(ss)
THIRD AMENDMENT TO TRUST AGREEMENT NO. 8
THIS THIRD AMENDMENT TO TRUST AGREEMENT NO. 8 (“ Amendment ”) is entered into effective as of December 31, 2008, between CLIFFS NATURAL RESOURCES INC., f/k/a Cleveland-Cliffs Inc, an Ohio corporation (the “ Company ”), and KeyBank, N.A., the successor in interest to Key Trust Company of Ohio, N.A. (“ Trustee ”).
RECITALS:
A. The Company and Trustee entered into that certain Trust Agreement No. 8, dated as of April 9, 1991 (as amended, the “ Agreement ”).
B. The Company and Trustee amended the Agreement pursuant to that certain First Amendment Trust Agreement No. 8, dated as of March 9, 1992.
C. The Company and Trustee further amended the Agreement pursuant to that certain Second Amendment to Trust Agreement No. 8, dated as of June 12, 1997.
D. The Company has determined that it is in the best interests of the Company to further amend the Agreement to comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (as amended, the “ Code ”).
E. Capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings assigned to such terms in the Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises and covenants contained herein, the Company and Employee agree as follows
1. The second sentence of Section 1(b) shall be deleted in its entirety, and there shall be substituted in lieu thereof, the following:
“For purposes of this Trust Agreement No. 8, the term “Change of Control” shall mean the occurrence during the Term of any of the following events:
(i) Any one person, or more than one person acting as a group, acquires ownership of stock of the Company that, together with stock held by such person or group, constitutes more than 50% of the total fair market value or total voting power of the stock of the Company. However, if any one person, or more than one person acting as a group, is considered to own more than 50% of the total fair market value or total voting power of the stock of the Company, the acquisition of additional stock by the same person or persons is not considered to cause a Change in Control. An increase in the percentage of stock owned by any one person, or persons acting as a group, as a result of a transaction in which the Company acquires its stock in exchange for property will be treated as an acquisition of stock for purposes of this Trust Agreement No. 8.
(ii) Any one person, or more than one person acting as a group, acquires (or has acquired during the 12-month period ending on the date of the most recent acquisition by such person or persons) ownership of stock of the Company possessing 35% or more of the total voting power of the stock of the Company.

(iii) A majority of members (each, a “Director”) of the Board is replaced during any 12-month period by Directors whose appointment or election is not endorsed by a majority of the members of the Board prior to the date of the appointment or election.
(iv) Any one person, or more than one person acting as a group. acquires (or has acquired during the 12-month period ending on the date of the most recent acquisition by such person or persons) assets from the Company that have a total gross fair market value equal to or more than 40% of the total gross fair market value of all of the assets of the Company immediately prior to such acquisition or acquisitions.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, any acquisition of ownership of stock of the Company by any one person, or more than one person acting as a group, pursuant to a Business Combination shall not constitute a Change of Control. A “Business Combination” shall mean any business transaction such as a reorganization, merge or consolidation involving the Company, a sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or any other transaction involving the Company, if, in each case, immediately following any such business transaction, (A) all or substantially all of the individuals and entities who were the beneficial owners of stock of the Company immediately prior to such business transaction beneficially own, directly or indirectly, more than 55% of the combined voting power of the then outstanding shares of stock of the entity which as a result of such transaction owns (including, without limitation, an entity which as a result of such transaction owns the Company or all or substantially all of the Company’s assets either directly or through one or more subsidiaries) in substantially the same proportions relative to each other as their ownership, immediately prior to such business transaction, of the stock of the Company, (B) no one person, or more than one person acting as a group (other than the Company, such entity resulting from such business transaction, or employee benefit plan (or related trust) sponsored or maintained by the Company, any Subsidiary or such entity resulting from such business transaction), beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, 30% or more of the combined voting power of the then outstanding shares of stock of the entity resulting from such business transaction were members of the Incumbent Board at the time of the execution of the initial agreement or of the action of the Board providing for such business transaction, and (C) at least a majority of the members of the board of directors of the entity resulting from such business transaction were members of the Incumbent Board at the time of the execution of the initial agreement or of the action of the Board of Directors providing for such business transaction.
The “Incumbent Board” shall mean those individuals who, as of December 31, 2008, constitute the Board; provided, however, that any individual becoming a Director subsequent to December 31, 2008 whose election, or nomination for election by the Company’s shareholders, was approved by a vote of at least a majority of the Directors then comprising the Incumbent Board (either by a specific vote or by approval of the proxy statement of the Company in which such person is named as a nominee for Director, without objection to such nomination) shall be deemed to have been a member
 
2

of the Incumbent Board, but excluding for this purpose, any such individual whose initial assumption of office occurs as a result of an actual or threatened election contest (as described in Rule 14(a)-12(c) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) with respect to the election or removal of Directors or other actual or threatened solicitation of proxies or consents by or on behalf of a person other than the Board.
For purposes of this Trust Agreement No. 8, other than the definition of “Business Combination,” (i) persons will be considered to be acting as a group if they are owners of a corporation that enters into a merger, consolidation, purchase or acquisition of stock, or similar business transaction with the Company, and (ii) if a person, including an entity owns stock in both corporations that enter into a merger, consolidation, purchase or acquisition of stock, or similar transaction, such shareholder is considered to be acting as a group with other shareholders in a corporation prior to the transaction giving rise to the change and not with respect to the ownership interest in the other corporation.”
2. Immediately following Section 1(f) of the Agreement there shall be inserted the following:
“(g) Notwithstanding the foregoing, no transfer of property (as such term is defined in Section 83 of the Code) or assets to the Trust shall be made if such transfer would violate the terms of Section 409A(b)(2) or (b)(3) of the Code.”
3. Section 13(b) shall be deleted in its entirety, and there shall be substituted in lieu thereof, the following:
“(b) If the Internal Revenue Service, or, if an appeal is taken therefrom, a court of competent jurisdiction, makes a determination pursuant to which any provision of this Trust Agreement No. 1 requires any amounts to be includable as compensation in the gross income of a Trust Beneficiary in a taxable year that is prior to the taxable year or years in which such amounts would, but for such a determination, otherwise actually be distributed or made available to the Trust Beneficiary, then the provision that is the basis for such a determination shall be (i) void and of no force or effect, or (ii) read and interpreted in a manner that will not result in any amounts being includable as compensation in the gross income of a Trust Beneficiary in a taxable year that is prior to the taxable year or years in which such amounts would otherwise actually be distributed or made available to the Trust Beneficiary.”
4. This Amendment shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the internal laws, and not the law of conflicts, of the State of Ohio.
5. In all other respects, the Agreement and each and every provision thereof shall remain in full force and effect as if fully restated herein.
[Signature Page Follows]
 
3

INTENDING TO BE LEGALLY BOUND, the parties hereto have executed this Amendment as of the date first written above.

CLIFFS NATURAL RESOURCES INC.	
(the “Company”)	
	
/s/ W. A. Brake	
Name:	 	W. A. Brake	
Its:	 	EVP Human & Tech. Resources	
	
KEYBANK, N.A.	
(“Trustee”)	
	
/s/ Thor Haraldsson	
Name:	 	Thor Haraldsson	
Its:	 	Vice President	
	
and	

Name:	 	 	
Its:	 	 	
 
4

Exhibit 10(uu)
FIRST AMENDMENT TO TRUST AGREEMENT NO. 9
THIS FIRST AMENDMENT TO TRUST AGREEMENT NO. 9 (“ Amendment ”) is entered into effective as of December 31, 2008, between CLIFFS NATURAL RESOURCES INC., f/k/a Cleveland-Cliffs Inc, an Ohio corporation (the “ Company ”), and KeyBank, N.A., the successor in interest to Key Trust Company of Ohio, N.A. (“ Trustee ”).
RECITALS:
A. The Company and Trustee entered into that certain Trust Agreement No. 9, dated as of November 20, 1996 (as amended, the “ Agreement ”).
B. The Company has determined that it is in the best interests of the Company to further amend the Agreement to comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (as amended, the “ Code ”).
C. Capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings assigned to such terms in the Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises and covenants contained herein, the Company and Employee agree as follows
1. Section 1.8 shall be deleted in its entirety, and there shall be substituted in lieu thereof, the following:
“For purposes of this Trust Agreement No. 9, the term “Change of Control” shall mean the occurrence during the Term of any of the following events:
(i) Any one person, or more than one person acting as a group, acquires ownership of stock of the Company that, together with stock held by such person or group, constitutes more than 50% of the total fair market value or total voting power of the stock of the Company. However, if any one person, or more than one person acting as a group, is considered to own more than 50% of the total fair market value or total voting power of the stock of the Company, the acquisition of additional stock by the same person or persons is not considered to cause a Change of Control. An increase in the percentage of stock owned by any one person, or persons acting as a group, as a result of a transaction in which the Company acquires its stock in exchange for property will be treated as an acquisition of stock for purposes of this Trust Agreement No. 9.
(ii) Any one person, or more than one person acting as a group, acquires (or has acquired during the 12-month period ending on the date of the most recent acquisition by such person or persons) ownership of stock of the Company possessing 35% or more of the total voting power of the stock of the Company.
(iii) A majority of members of the Board is replaced during any 12-month period by Directors whose appointment or election is not endorsed by a majority of the members of the Board prior to the date of the appointment or election.

(iv) Any one person, or more than one person acting as a group. acquires (or has acquired during the 12-month period ending on the date of the most recent acquisition by such person or persons) assets from the Company that have a total gross fair market value equal to or more than 40% of the total gross fair market value of all of the assets of the Company immediately prior to such acquisition or acquisitions.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, any acquisition of ownership of stock of the Company by any one person, or more than one person acting as a group, pursuant to a Business Combination shall not constitute a Change in Control. A “Business Combination” shall mean any business transaction such as a reorganization, merge or consolidation involving the Company, a sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or any other transaction involving the Company, if, in each case, immediately following any such business transaction, (A) all or substantially all of the individuals and entities who were the beneficial owners of stock of the Company immediately prior to such business transaction beneficially own, directly or indirectly, more than 55% of the combined voting power of the then outstanding shares of stock of the entity which as a result of such transaction owns (including, without limitation, an entity which as a result of such transaction owns the Company or all or substantially all of the Company’s assets either directly or through one or more subsidiaries) in substantially the same proportions relative to each other as their ownership, immediately prior to such business transaction, of the stock of the Company, (B) no one person, or more than one person acting as a group (other than the Company, such entity resulting from such business transaction, or employee benefit plan (or related trust) sponsored or maintained by the Company, any Subsidiary or such entity resulting from such business transaction), beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, 30% or more of the combined voting power of the then outstanding shares of stock of the entity resulting from such business transaction were members of the Incumbent Board at the time of the execution of the initial agreement or of the action of the Board providing for such business transaction, and (C) at least a majority of the members of the board of directors of the entity resulting from such business transaction were members of the Incumbent Board at the time of the execution of the initial agreement or of the action of the Board of Directors providing for such business transaction.
The “Incumbent Board” shall mean those individuals who, as of December 31, 2008, constitute the Board; provided, however, that any individual becoming a Director subsequent to December 31, 2008 whose election, or nomination for election by the Company’s shareholders, was approved by a vote of at least a majority of the Directors then comprising the Incumbent Board (either by a specific vote or by approval of the proxy statement of the Company in which such person is named as a nominee for Director, without objection to such nomination) shall be deemed to have been a member of the Incumbent Board, but excluding for this purpose, any such individual whose initial assumption of office occurs as a result of an actual or threatened election contest (as described in Rule 14(a)-12(c) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) with respect to the election or removal of Directors or other actual or threatened solicitation of proxies or consents by or on behalf of a person other than the Board.
 
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For purposes of this Trust Agreement No. 9, other than the definition of “Business Combination,” (i) persons will be considered to be acting as a group if they are owners of a corporation that enters into a merger, consolidation, purchase or acquisition of stock, or similar business transaction with the Company, and (ii) if a person, including an entity owns stock in both corporations that enter into a merger, consolidation, purchase or acquisition of stock, or similar transaction, such shareholder is considered to be acting as a group with other shareholders in a corporation prior to the transaction giving rise to the change and not with respect to the ownership interest in the other corporation.”
2. Immediately following Section 1.8 of the Agreement there shall be inserted the following:
“1.9 Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, no transfer of property (as such term is defined in Section 83 of the Code) or assets to the Trust shall be made if such transfer would violate the terms of Section 409A(b)(2) or (b)(3) of the Code.”
3. This Amendment shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the internal laws, and not the law of conflicts, of the State of Ohio.
4. In all other respects, the Agreement and each and every provision thereof shall remain in full force and effect as if fully restated herein.
[Signature Page Follows]
 
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INTENDING TO BE LEGALLY BOUND, the parties hereto have executed this Amendment as of the date first written above.

CLIFFS NATURAL RESOURCES INC.	
(the “Company”)	
	
/s/ W. A. Brake	
Name:	 	W. A. Brake	
Its:	 	EVP Human & Tech. Resources	
	
KEYBANK, N.A.	
(“Trustee”)	
	
/s/ Thor Haraldsson	
Name:	 	Thor Haraldsson	
Its:	 	Vice President	
	
and	

Name:	 	 	
Its:	 	 	
 
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Exhibit 10(ww)
FIRST AMENDMENT TO TRUST AGREEMENT NO. 10
THIS FIRST AMENDMENT TO TRUST AGREEMENT NO. 10 (“ Amendment ”) is entered into effective as of December 31, 2008, between CLIFFS NATURAL RESOURCES INC., f/k/a Cleveland-Cliffs Inc, an Ohio corporation (the “ Company ”), and KeyBank, N.A., the successor in interest to Key Trust Company of Ohio, N.A. (“ Trustee ”).
RECITALS:
A. The Company and Trustee entered into that certain Trust Agreement No. 9, dated as of November 20, 1996 (as amended, the “ Agreement ”).
B. The Company has determined that it is in the best interests of the Company to further amend the Agreement to comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (as amended, the “ Code ”).
C. Capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings assigned to such terms in the Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises and covenants contained herein, the Company and Employee agree as follows
1. Section 1.8 shall be deleted in its entirety, and there shall be substituted in lieu thereof, the following:
“For purposes of this Trust Agreement No. 10, the term “Change of Control” shall mean the occurrence during the Term of any of the following events:
(i) Any one person, or more than one person acting as a group, acquires ownership of stock of the Company that, together with stock held by such person or group, constitutes more than 50% of the total fair market value or total voting power of the stock of the Company. However, if any one person, or more than one person acting as a group, is considered to own more than 50% of the total fair market value or total voting power of the stock of the Company, the acquisition of additional stock by the same person or persons is not considered to cause a Change of Control. An increase in the percentage of stock owned by any one person, or persons acting as a group, as a result of a transaction in which the Company acquires its stock in exchange for property will be treated as an acquisition of stock for purposes of this Trust Agreement No. 10.
(ii) Any one person, or more than one person acting as a group, acquires (or has acquired during the 12-month period ending on the date of the most recent acquisition by such person or persons) ownership of stock of the Company possessing 35% or more of the total voting power of the stock of the Company.
(iii) A majority of members of the Board is replaced during any 12-month period by Directors whose appointment or election is not endorsed by a majority of the members of the Board prior to the date of the appointment or election.

(iv) Any one person, or more than one person acting as a group. acquires (or has acquired during the 12-month period ending on the date of the most recent acquisition by such person or persons) assets from the Company that have a total gross fair market value equal to or more than 40% of the total gross fair market value of all of the assets of the Company immediately prior to such acquisition or acquisitions.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, any acquisition of ownership of stock of the Company by any one person, or more than one person acting as a group, pursuant to a Business Combination shall not constitute a Change in Control. A “Business Combination” shall mean any business transaction such as a reorganization, merge or consolidation involving the Company, a sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or any other transaction involving the Company, if, in each case, immediately following any such business transaction, (A) all or substantially all of the individuals and entities who were the beneficial owners of stock of the Company immediately prior to such business transaction beneficially own, directly or indirectly, more than 55% of the combined voting power of the then outstanding shares of stock of the entity which as a result of such transaction owns (including, without limitation, an entity which as a result of such transaction owns the Company or all or substantially all of the Company’s assets either directly or through one or more subsidiaries) in substantially the same proportions relative to each other as their ownership, immediately prior to such business transaction, of the stock of the Company, (B) no one person, or more than one person acting as a group (other than the Company, such entity resulting from such business transaction, or employee benefit plan (or related trust) sponsored or maintained by the Company, any Subsidiary or such entity resulting from such business transaction), beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, 30% or more of the combined voting power of the then outstanding shares of stock of the entity resulting from such business transaction were members of the Incumbent Board at the time of the execution of the initial agreement or of the action of the Board providing for such business transaction, and (C) at least a majority of the members of the board of directors of the entity resulting from such business transaction were members of the Incumbent Board at the time of the execution of the initial agreement or of the action of the Board of Directors providing for such business transaction.
The “Incumbent Board” shall mean those individuals who, as of December 31, 2008, constitute the Board; provided, however, that any individual becoming a Director subsequent to December 31, 2008 whose election, or nomination for election by the Company’s shareholders, was approved by a vote of at least a majority of the Directors then comprising the Incumbent Board (either by a specific vote or by approval of the proxy statement of the Company in which such person is named as a nominee for Director, without objection to such nomination) shall be deemed to have been a member of the Incumbent Board, but excluding for this purpose, any such individual whose initial assumption of office occurs as a result of an actual or threatened election contest (as described in Rule 14(a)-12(c) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) with respect to the election or removal of Directors or other actual or threatened solicitation of proxies or consents by or on behalf of a person other than the Board.
 
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For purposes of this Trust Agreement No. 10, other than the definition of “Business Combination,” (i) persons will be considered to be acting as a group if they are owners of a corporation that enters into a merger, consolidation, purchase or acquisition of stock, or similar business transaction with the Company, and (ii) if a person, including an entity owns stock in both corporations that enter into a merger, consolidation, purchase or acquisition of stock, or similar transaction, such shareholder is considered to be acting as a group with other shareholders in a corporation prior to the transaction giving rise to the change and not with respect to the ownership interest in the other corporation.”
2. Immediately following Section 1.8 of the Agreement there shall be inserted the following:
“1.9 Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, no transfer of property (as such term is defined in Section 83 of the Code) or assets to the Trust shall be made if such transfer would violate the terms of Section 409A(b)(2) or (b)(3) of the Code.”
3. This Amendment shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the internal laws, and not the law of conflicts, of the State of Ohio.
4. In all other respects, the Agreement and each and every provision thereof shall remain in full force and effect as if fully restated herein.
[Signature Page Follows]
 
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INTENDING TO BE LEGALLY BOUND, the parties hereto have executed this Amendment as of the date first written above.

CLIFFS NATURAL RESOURCES INC.	
(the “Company”)	
	
/s/ W. A. Brake	
Name:	 	W. A. Brake	
Its:	 	EVP Human & Tech. Resources	
	
KEYBANK, N.A.	
(“Trustee”)	
	
/s/ Thor Haraldsson	
Name:	 	Thor Haraldsson	
Its:	 	Vice President	
	
and	

Name:	 	 	
Its:	 	 	
 
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Exhibit 10(bbb)
FIRST AMENDMENT
TO
EXECUTIVE MANAGEMENT PERFORMANCE INCENTIVE PLAN
THIS FIRST AMENDMENT is made this 31 day of December, 2008, by Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. (the “Company”).
WITNESSETH:
WHEREAS, the Company, with the approval of the Company’s Board of Directors on March 13, 2007 and the approval of the Company’s shareholders on July 27, 2007, established the Executive Management Performance Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) effective as of January 1, 2007; and
WHEREAS, it is the desire of the Company to amend such Plan in order to clarify the date of payment of awards under the Plan in order to ensure the exemption of such Plan from the requirements of Internal Revenue Code section 409A; and
WHEREAS, the Company’s Board of Directors has the power to amend the Plan;
NOW, THEREFORE, effective as of January 1, 2007, the Company, pursuant to action of its Board of Directors hereby amends the Plan by adding the following at the end Section 8 of the Plan:
“The Awards shall in any event be paid on or before the fifteenth (15th) day of the third (3rd) month of the year following the end of the Plan Year to which the Awards relate.”

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Second Amendment to be executed this 31 day of December, 2008.

CLIFFS NATURAL RESOURCES INC.	
		
By:	 	/s/ W. A. Brake	
 
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Exhibit 10(eee)
SECOND AMENDMENT
TO
2007 INCENTIVE EQUITY PLAN
THIS SECOND AMENDMENT is made this 31 day of December, 2008, by Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. (the “Company”).
WITNESSETH:
WHEREAS, the Company, with the approval of the Company’s Board of Directors on March 13, 2007 and the approval of the Company’s shareholders on July 27, 2007, established the 2007 Incentive Equity Plan (the “Plan”) effective as of March 13, 2007; and
WHEREAS, it is the desire of the Company to amend such Plan in order to clarify certain provisions of the Plan in order to ensure compliance of such Plan with the requirements of Internal Revenue Code section 409A; and
WHEREAS, the Company has the power to amend the Plan;
NOW, THEREFORE, effective as of March 13, 2007, the Company hereby amends the Plan as follows:
(1) The last paragraph of Section 5.2(c) is hereby amended by the deletion of such last paragraph and the substitution in lieu thereof of a new last paragraph of Section 5.2(c) to read as follows:
“If the Exercise Price of a NQSO is paid by tendering Restricted Shares, then a portion of the Shares received upon the exercise equal in number to the number of tendered Restricted Shares will contain identical restrictions as the Restricted Shares so tendered. Except as otherwise provided by law and in the Committee’s sole discretion, required tax withholding may be paid only by cash or through a same day sale transaction.”

(2) The first sentence of Section 7.2 is hereby amended by the deletion of such first sentence and the substitution in lieu thereof of a new first sentence of Section 7.2 to read as follows:
“Stock Appreciation Rights may be granted in conjunction with, and at the same time as, all or part of any Stock Option granted under this Plan and will be subject to the following terms and conditions:”
(3) Section 11.2(c) is hereby amended by the deletion of such Section and the substitution in lieu thereof of a new Section 11.2(c) to read as follows:
“(c) subject to the restrictions of Internal Revenue Code section 409A, any other absence determined by the Committee in its discretion not to constitute a break in service.”
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Second Amendment to be executed this 31 day of December, 2008.

CLIFFS NATURAL RESOURCES INC.	
		
By:	 	/s/ William A. Brake	

Exhibit 10(fff)
THIRD AMENDMENT
TO
CLEVELAND-CLIFFS INC 2007 INCENTIVE EQUITY PLAN
THIS THIRD AMENDMENT is made this 12th day of January, 2009, by Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. (the “Company”).
WITNESSETH:
WHEREAS, the Company, with the approval of the Company’s Board of Directors on March 13, 2007 and the approval of the Company’s shareholders on July 27, 2007, established the Cleveland-Cliffs Inc 2007 Incentive Equity Plan (the “Plan”) effective as of March 13, 2007; and
WHEREAS, it is the desire of the Company to amend such Plan in order to require that Plan participants’ tax withholding requirements relating to any grants under the Plan be automatically satisfied out of the grants; and
WHEREAS, the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”) has the power to amend the Plan pursuant to Article 14 of the Plan;
NOW, THEREFORE, effective as of January 13, 2009 with respect to all future grants under the Plan, the Board hereby amends the Plan as follows:
(1) Section 16.3 “Withholding” is hereby deleted in its entirety and the following new Section 16.3 will be substituted in lieu thereof to read as follows:
“16.3 Withholding . The Company shall withhold the minimum amount of taxes which it determines it is required by law or required by the terms of this Plan to withhold in connection with any recognition of income incident to this Plan payable in cash or Shares to a Participant or beneficiary. In the event of a taxable event occurring with regard to Shares on or after the date that the Shares become nonforfeitable, the Company shall reduce the fewest number of such Shares owed to the Participant or beneficiary for the Fair Market Value of such

Shares to equal (or exceed by not more than the Fair Market Value of a single Share) the Participant’s or other person’s “Minimum Withholding Tax Liability” resulting from such recognition of income. The Company shall pay cash equal to such Fair Market Value to the appropriate taxing authority for purposes of satisfying such withholding responsibility. If a distribution or other event does not result in any withholding tax liability as a result of the Participant’s election to be taxed at an earlier date or for any other reason, the Company shall not reduce the Shares owed to the Participant or beneficiary. For purposes of this Section 16.3, a person’s “Minimum Withholding Tax Liability” is the product of: (a) the aggregate minimum applicable federal and applicable state and local income withholding tax rates on the date of a recognition of income incident to the Plan; and (b) the Fair Market Value of the Shares recognized as income to the Participant or other person determined as of the date of recognition of income, or other taxable amount under applicable statutes.”
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, a duly authorized officer of the Company, pursuant to the authorization of the Board of Directors of the Company, has caused this Third Amendment to be executed this 12 day of January, 2009.

CLIFFS NATURAL RESOURCES INC.	
		
By:	 	/s/ William A. Brake	
 
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Exhibit 10(iii)
OMNIBUS AMENDMENT
TO
RESTRICTED SHARES AGREEMENTS,
PARTICIPANT GRANT AND AGREEMENTS,
1992 INCENTIVE EQUITY PLAN,
2007 INCENTIVE EQUITY PLAN,
LONG-TERM INCENTIVE PROGRAM, AND
2000 RETENTION PLAN
THIS OMNIBUS AMENDMENT is made this 31 day of December, 2008, by Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. (the “Company”).
WITNESSETH:
WHEREAS, from time to time the Company has granted restricted shares, performance shares, retention units and restricted share units to certain executives under the 1992 Incentive Equity Plan, the 2007 Incentive Equity Plan, the Long-Term Incentive Program, or the 2000 Retention Plan (the “Plans”) as such grants are set forth in certain Restricted Shares Agreements and Participant Grant and Agreements (the “Agreements”); and
WHEREAS, it is the desire of the Company to amend such Agreements and Plans in order to clarify certain provisions of the Agreements and Plans in order to ensure compliance of such Agreements and Plans with the requirements of Internal Revenue Code section 409A; and
WHEREAS, the Company has the power to amend such Agreements and Plans without the consent of the grantee unless the amendments adversely affect the grantee; and

WHEREAS, the Company has determined that the amendments contained herein do not adversely affect the grantees under the Agreements;
NOW, THEREFORE, effective December 31, 2008, the Company hereby amends all Restricted Share Agreements and Participant Grant and Agreements issued under either the 1992 Incentive Equity Plan, the 2007 Incentive Equity Plan, the Long-Term Incentive Program, or the 2000 Retention Plan which were not earned and vested prior to January 1, 2005, for purposes of Internal Revenue Code section 409A, and hereby amends the Plans as follows:
(1) The date for payment of all compensation under the Agreements and Plans including but not limited to performance shares, retention units, and restricted share units shall be as soon as reasonably possible after the end of the incentive period or retention period specified in the Agreements, but in any event no later than the end of the calendar year beginning after the end of the incentive period or retention period, unless the date of payment is deferred by the executive pursuant to, and it compliance with, the terms of the Company’s Voluntary Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan.
(2) Whenever used in the Agreements or the Plans, the term “Change in Control” shall mean the occurrence of any of the following events:
(a) Any one person, or more than one person acting as a group, acquires ownership of stock of the Company that, together with stock held by such person or group, constitutes more than 50% of the total fair market value or total voting power of the stock of the Company. However, if any one person, or more than one person acting as a group, is considered to own more than 50% of the total fair market value or total voting power of the stock of the Company, the acquisition of additional stock by the same person or persons is not considered to cause a Change in Control. An increase in the percentage of stock owned by any one person, or persons acting as a group, as a result of a transaction in which the Company acquires its stock in exchange for property will be treated as an acquisition of stock for purposes of this Agreement.
 
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(b) Any one person, or more than one person acting as a group, acquires (or has acquired during the 12-month period ending on the date of the most recent acquisition by such person or persons) ownership of stock of the Company possessing 35% or more of the total voting power of the stock of the Company.
(c) A majority of members of the Board is replaced during any 12-month period by Directors whose appointment or election is not endorsed by a majority of the members of the Board prior to the date of the appointment or election.
(d) Any one person, or more than one person acting as a group. acquires (or has acquired during the 12-month period ending on the date of the most recent acquisition by such person or persons) assets from the Company that have a total gross fair market value equal to or more than 40% of the total gross fair market value of all of the assets of the Company immediately prior to such acquisition or acquisitions.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, any acquisition of ownership of stock of the Company by any one person, or more than one person acting as a group, pursuant to a Business Combination shall not constitute a Change of Control. A “Business Combination” shall mean any business transaction such as a reorganization, merge or consolidation involving the Company, a sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or any other transaction involving the Company, if, in each case, immediately following any such business transaction, (A) all or substantially all of the individuals and entities who were the beneficial owners of stock of the Company immediately prior to such business transaction beneficially own, directly or indirectly, more than 55% of the combined voting power of the then outstanding shares of stock of the entity which as a result of such transaction owns (including, without limitation, an entity which as a result of such transaction owns the Company or all or substantially all of the Company’s assets either directly or through one or more subsidiaries) in substantially the same proportions relative to each other as their ownership, immediately prior to such business transaction, of the stock of the Company, (B) no one person, or more than one person acting as a group (other than the Company, such entity resulting from such business transaction, or employee benefit plan (or related trust) sponsored or maintained by the Company, any Subsidiary or such entity resulting from such business transaction), beneficially owns,
 
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directly or indirectly, 30% or more of the combined voting power of the then outstanding shares of stock of the entity resulting from such business transaction and (C) at least a majority of the members of the Board of Directors of the entity resulting from such business transaction were members of the Incumbent Board at the time of the execution of the initial agreement or of the action of the Board providing for such business transaction.
The “Incumbent Board” shall mean those individuals who, as of December 31, 2008, constitute the Board; provided, however, that any individual becoming a Director subsequent to December 31, 2008 whose election, or nomination for election by the Company’s shareholders, was approved by a vote of at least a majority of the Directors then comprising the Incumbent Board (either by a specific vote or by approval of the proxy statement of the Company in which such person is named as a nominee for Director, without objection to such nomination) shall be deemed to have been a member of the Incumbent Board, but excluding for this purpose, any such individual whose initial assumption of office occurs as a result of an actual or threatened election contest (as described in Rule 14(a)-12(c) of the Exchange Act) with respect to the election or removal of Directors or other actual or threatened solicitation of proxies or consents by or on behalf of a Person other than the Board.
For purposes of this Agreement, other than the definition of “Business Combination,” (i) persons will be considered to be acting as a group if they are owners of a corporation that enters into a merger, consolidation, purchase or acquisition of stock, or similar business transaction with the Company, and (ii) if a person, including an entity owns stock in both corporations that enter into a merger, consolidation, purchase or acquisition of stock, or similar transaction, such shareholder is considered to be acting as a group with other shareholders in a corporation prior to the transaction giving rise to the change and not with respect to the ownership interest in the other corporation.
 
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(3) It is hereby clarified that, whenever the Agreements and Plans provide that an amount owing by the grantee to the Company under the Agreements that is unpaid will be offset against the amounts owed by the Company to the grantee under the Voluntary Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan, it shall be deemed to mean that the offset shall occur at the time that the amounts owed under the Voluntary Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan are scheduled for payment and not at some other time. Such offset shall be deemed to constitute the payment due to him under the Voluntary Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan in accordance with the time and form of payment specified under the Voluntary Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan and the immediate repayment to the Company of the amounts owed under the Agreements.
(4) It is hereby clarified that, in accordance with Internal Revenue Code section 409A, whenever the Agreements and the Plans provide that the Company is not obligated to issue Shares if the issuance will violate federal or state securities law, the Shares will be issued at the earliest date at which the Company reasonably anticipates that the issuance of the Shares will not cause such violation.
(5) Whenever an underlying Plan provides that the Agreements can be adjusted in an equitable fashion in the event of a hardship or other circumstances, such adjustments shall not serve to accelerate the time or form of payment under the Agreements as clarified in Section 1 above but shall only adjust whether the grantee is vested or entitled to full or partial payment.
 
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Omnibus Amendment to be executed this 31 day of December, 2008.

CLIFFS NATURAL RESOURCES INC.	
		
By:	 	/s/ W. A. Brake	
 
6

Exhibit 10(jjj)
OMNIBUS AMENDMENT
TO
OUTSTANDING GRANTS UNDER
CLEVELAND-CLIFFS INC 2007 INCENTIVE EQUITY PLAN
THIS OMNIBUS AMENDMENT is made this 13th day of January, 2009, by Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. (the “Company”).
WITNESSETH:
WHEREAS, from time to time the Company has granted restricted shares, performance shares, retention units and restricted share units to certain participants under the Cleveland-Cliffs Inc 2007 Incentive Equity Plan (the “Plan”) as such grants are set forth in certain Restricted Shares Agreements and Participant Grant and Agreements (the “Agreements”); and
WHEREAS, it is the desire of the Company to amend such Agreements in order to require that Plan participants’ tax withholding requirements relating to any grants under the Plan be automatically satisfied out of the grants; and
WHEREAS, the Company has the power to amend such Agreements with the written consent of the grantee; and

NOW, THEREFORE, effective as of January 13, 2009 with respect to all currently outstanding grants under the Plan, the Company hereby amends all currently outstanding Agreements issued under the Plan as follows:
(1) The Agreements are hereby amended such that any “Withholding Taxes” provisions or similar provisions shall be deleted and the following new provision will be substituted in lieu thereof to read as follows:
“The Company shall withhold the minimum amount of taxes which it determines it is required by law or required by the terms of the Cleveland-Cliffs Inc 2007 Incentive Equity Plan (for purposes of this paragraph, the “Plan”) to withhold in connection with any recognition of income incident to this Plan payable in cash or Shares to a Grantee or beneficiary. In the event of a taxable event occurring with regard to Shares on or after the date that the Shares become nonforfeitable, the Company shall reduce the Shares owed to the Grantee or beneficiary by the fewest number of such Shares owed to the Grantee or beneficiary such that the Fair Market Value of such Shares shall equal (or exceed by not more than the Fair Market Value of a single Share) the Grantee’s or other person’s “Minimum Withholding Tax Liability” resulting from such recognition of income. The Company shall pay cash equal to such Fair Market Value to the appropriate taxing authority for purposes of satisfying such withholding responsibility. If a distribution or other event does not result in any withholding tax liability as a result of the Grantee’s election to be taxed at an earlier date or for any other reason, the Company shall not reduce the Common Shares owed to the Grantee or beneficiary. For purposes of this paragraph, a person’s “Minimum Withholding Tax Liability” is the product of: (a) the aggregate minimum applicable federal and applicable state and local income withholding tax rates on the date of a recognition of income incident to the Plan; and (b) the Fair Market Value of the Common Shares recognized as income to the Grantee or other person determined as of the date of recognition of income, or other taxable amount under applicable statutes. If not otherwise defined in this paragraph or this Agreement, capitalized terms shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the Plan.”

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, a duly authorized officer of the Company has caused this Omnibus Amendment to be executed this 13th day of January, 2009.

CLIFFS NATURAL RESOURCES INC.	
		
By:	 	 	
GRANTEE ACKNOWLEDGMENT AND CONSENT:
In accordance with the foregoing, I acknowledge that I have read and understand the Omnibus Amendment and consent to the terms of this Omnibus Amendment applying to all of my outstanding grants under the Plan.

   	
Grantee	

Date	

Exhibit 10(mmm)
CLIFFS NATURAL RESOURCES INC.
SUPPLEMENTAL RETIREMENT BENEFIT PLAN
(as Amended and Restated Effective December 1, 2006)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 	  	 	  	Page	
1.	  	Definitions	  	1	
			
2.	  	Determination of the Supplemental Pension Plan Benefit	  	3	
			
3.	  	Payment of the Remaining Supplemental Pension Plan Benefit	  	4	
			
4.	  	General	  	4	
			
5.	  	Adoption of Supplemental Retirement Benefit Plan	  	6	
			
6.	  	Miscellaneous	  	6	
			
7.	  	Amendment and Termination	  	8	
			
8.	  	Effective Date	  	9	
 
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CLIFFS NATURAL RESOURCES INC.
SUPPLEMENTAL RETIREMENT BENEFIT PLAN
(as Amended and Restated Effective December 1, 2006)
WHEREAS, Cliffs Natural Resources Inc (“Cliffs”) and its subsidiary corporations and affiliates have established, or may hereafter establish, one or more qualified retirement plans;
WHEREAS, the qualified retirement plans, pursuant to Sections 401(a) and 415 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, place certain limitations on the amount of contributions that would otherwise be made thereunder for certain participants;
WHEREAS, Cliffs now desires to provide for the contributions which would otherwise have been made for such participants under certain of its qualified retirement plans except for such limitations, in consideration of services performed and to be performed by each such participant for Cliffs and its subsidiaries and affiliates; and
WHEREAS, Cliffs has entered into, and Cliffs and its subsidiary corporations and affiliates may in the future enter into, agreements with certain executives providing for additional service credit and/or other features for purposes of computing retirement benefits, in consideration of services performed and to be performed by such executives for Cliffs and its subsidiaries and affiliates.
NOW, THEREFORE, Cliffs hereby amends and restates and publishes the Supplemental Retirement Benefit Plan heretofore established by it, which shall contain the following terms and conditions:
1. Definitions . A. The following words and phrases when used in this Plan with initial capital letters shall have the following respective meanings, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The masculine whenever used in this Plan shall include the feminine.
B. “ Affiliate ” shall mean any partnership or joint venture of which any member of the Controlled Group is a partner or venturer and which shall adopt this Plan pursuant to paragraph 5.
C. “ Beneficiary ” shall mean such person or persons (natural or otherwise) as may be designated by the Participant as his Beneficiary under this Plan. Such a designation may be made, and may be revoked or changed (without the consent of any previously designated Beneficiary), only by an instrument (in form acceptable to Cliffs) signed by the Participant and may be revoked or changed (without the consent of any previously designated Beneficiary), only by an instrument (in form acceptable to Cliffs) signed by the Participant and filed with Cliffs prior to the Participant’s death. In the absence of such a designation and at any other time when there is no existing Beneficiary designated by the Participant to whom payment is to be made pursuant to his designation, his Beneficiary shall be his beneficiary under the Pension Plan. A person designated by a Participant as his Beneficiary who or which ceases to exist shall not be entitled to any part of any payment thereafter to be made to the Participant’s Beneficiary unless the Participant’s designation
 
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specifically provided to the contrary. If two or more persons designated as a Participant’s Beneficiary are in existence, the amount of any payment to the Beneficiary under this Plan shall be divided equally among such persons unless the Participant’s designation specifically provided to the contrary.
D. “ Code ” shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as it has been and may be amended from time to time.
E. “ Code Limitations ” shall mean the limitations imposed by Sections 401(a) and 415 of the Code, or any successor thereto, on the amount of the benefits which may be payable to a Participant from the Pension Plan.
F. “ Controlled Group ” shall mean Cliffs and any corporation in an unbroken chain of corporations beginning with Cliffs, if each of the corporations other than the last corporation in the chain owns or controls, directly or indirectly, stock possessing not less than fifty percent of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock in one of the other corporations.
G. “ Employer(s) ” shall mean Cliffs and any other member of the Controlled Group and any Affiliate which shall adopt this Plan pursuant to paragraph 5.
H. “ Participant ” shall mean each person (i) who is a participant in the Pension Plan on or after December 1, 2006, (ii) who is a senior corporate officer of Cliffs or a full-time salaried employee of an Employer who has a Management Performance Incentive Plan Pay Band E or above, and (iii) who as a result of participation in this Plan is entitled to a Supplemental Benefit under this Plan. Each person who is as a Participant under this Plan shall be notified in writing of such fact by his Employer, which shall also cause a copy of the Plan to be delivered to such person.
I. “ Pension Plan ” shall mean, with respect to any Participant, the defined benefit plan specified on Exhibit A hereto in which he participates.
J. “ Supplemental Agreement ” shall mean, with respect to any Participant, an agreement between the Participant and an Employer, and approved by Cliffs if it is not the Employer, which provides for additional service credit and/or other features for purposes of computing retirement benefits.
K. “ Supplemental Benefit ” or “Supplemental Pension Plan Benefit” shall mean a retirement benefit determined as provided in paragraph 2.
L. “ Supplemental Retirement Benefit Plan ” or “Plan” shall mean this Plan, as the same may hereafter be amended or restated from time to time.
M. “ Termination of Employment ” shall mean the “separation from service” for purposes of Section 409A of the Code of any Participant or former Participant from his Employer, generally including the severance of such employee’s employment relationship with his Employer for any reason, voluntarily or involuntarily, and with or without cause, including without limitation, quit, discharge, retirement, disability, death, failure to return to
 
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active employment at the end of a leave of absence (including military leave, sick leave, or other bona fide leave of absence) or permanent decrease in service to his Employer to a level that is no more than twenty percent (20%) of its prior level, as described below. For this purpose, whether a separation from service has occurred is determined based on whether it is reasonably anticipated that no further services will be performed by such employee after a certain date or that the level of bona fide services the employee will perform after such date (whether as an employee or as an independent contractor) would permanently decrease to no more than twenty percent (20%) of the average level of bona fide services performed (whether as an employee or an independent contractor) over the immediately preceding thirty-six (36) month period (or the full period of services if the employee has been providing services for less than thirty-six (36) months). For purposes of this definition, the term “Employer” shall mean the Employer of the Participant and any other entity that is treated as a single employer with such Employer under Section 414(b) and (c) of the Code, provided that in such Code Sections “50%” shall be used wherever “80%” appears. The preceding rule shall only apply during the periods any such corporation, business organization or member would be so considered under Section 414(b) or 414(c) of the Code. The transfer of an employee from the Employer for whom he provides services to any entity that is an Employer within the meaning of the preceding two sentences (or vice versa) shall not constitute a Termination of Employment for purposes of this Plan.
2. Determination of the Supplemental Pension Plan Benefit . Each Participant or Beneficiary of a deceased Participant whose benefits under the Pension Plan payable or accrued on or after January 1, 1995 are reduced (a) due to the Code Limitations, or (b) due to deferrals of compensation by such Participant under the 2005 Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. Voluntary Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan (the “Deferred Compensation Plan”), and each Participant who has entered into a Supplemental Agreement with his Employer (and, where applicable a Beneficiary of a deceased Participant), shall be entitled to a Supplemental Pension Plan Benefit if he should have a Termination of Employment at a time when he is vested in his benefit under the Pension Plan. The amount of the Supplemental Pension Plan Benefit at any time shall be a monthly retirement benefit equal to the difference between:
(i) the amount of the monthly benefit payable or accrued to the Participant or his Beneficiary under the Pension Plan, determined under the Pension Plan as in effect at such time, but calculated without regard to any reduction in the Participant’s compensation pursuant to the Deferred Compensation Plan, and as if the Pension Plan did not contain a provision (including any phase-in or extended wear away provision) implementing the Code Limitations, and after giving effect to the provisions of any Supplemental Agreement, and
(ii) the sum of (X) the amount of the monthly benefit in fact payable or accrued to the Participant or his Beneficiary under the Pension Plan and (Y) the sum of the Supplemental Pension Plan Benefits previously paid out to the Participant. 
 
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3. Payment of the Supplemental Pension Plan Benefit .
A. A Participant’s (or his Beneficiary’s) vested Supplemental Pension Plan Benefit (calculated as provided in paragraph 2) shall be converted, six (6) months after Termination of Employment into a lump sum of equivalent actuarial value. The equivalent actuarial value shall be determined by the actuary selected by Cliffs based on the “Applicable Mortality Table” used from time to time under Section 417(e) of the Code and other factors then in effect for purposes of the Pension Plan.
B. A Participant’s vested Supplemental Pension Plan Benefit shall be distributed to the Participant the first day of the month following six (6) months after Termination of Employment in the form of a lump sum payment. Plan Participants as of December 1, 2006 may elect prior to December 31, 2006 to receive payment of vested Plan benefits in ten (10) annual installments commencing the first day of the month following six (6) months after Termination of Employment by completing a Benefit Payment Election Form. A person who becomes a Participant of the Plan on or after December 1, 2006 has the right to elect payment of his or her vested Supplemental Pension Plan Benefit in ten (10) annual installments commencing the first day of the month following six (6) months after Termination of Employment by completing a Benefit Payment Election Form within thirty (30) days from the day in which the person became eligible to participate in the Plan. The ten (10) annual installments shall be actuarially equivalent to the lump sum payment using the same actuarial assumptions as used in subparagraph A of this paragraph and shall be considered to be a single form of payment.
C. Notwithstanding subparagraph B of this paragraph, a Participant may elect after the timeframes set forth above to change the form of payment in effect with respect to the Participant’s Supplemental Pension Plan Benefit, provided that such new election is made no later than six (6) months prior to his Termination of Employment, may not take effect for twelve (12) months after the election is made and shall result in the deferral of Supplemental Pension Plan Benefit payments for five (5) years from the previously applicable time or commencement date of payment.
D. A Beneficiary of a Participant shall receive the vested Supplemental Pension Plan Benefit provided in paragraph 2 if the Participant dies prior to his or her Termination of Employment but after he is vested in his accrued benefit under the Pension Plan. Such vested benefit shall be paid in a single lump sum within 60 days following the date of death. If the Participant dies after his or her Termination of Employment, the Beneficiary shall receive any remaining vested Supplemental Pension Plan Benefit not paid to the Participant at the time of death, which shall be paid within 60 days of death.
4. General .
A. (1) The entire cost of this Supplemental Retirement Benefit Plan shall be paid from the general assets of one or more of the Employers. It is the intent of the Employers to so pay benefits under the Plan as they become due; provided, however, that Cliffs may, in its sole discretion, establish or cause to be established a trust account for any or each Participant pursuant to an agreement, or agreements, with a bank and direct that some
 
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or all of a Participant’s benefits under the Plan be paid from the general assets of his Employer which are transferred to the custody of such bank to be held by it in such trust account as property of the Employer subject to the claims of the Employer’s creditors until such time as benefit payments pursuant to the Plan are made from such assets in accordance with such agreement; and until any such payment is made, neither the Plan nor any Participant or Beneficiary shall have any preferred claim on, or any beneficial ownership interest in, such assets. No liability for the payment of benefits under the Plan shall be imposed upon any officer, director, employee, or stockholder of Cliffs or other Employer. Not
(2) Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 4.A.(1), upon the earlier to occur of (a) a Change in Control of Cliffs (for purposes of the Plan the term “Change in Control” shall have the meaning set forth in the Deferred Compensation Plan or any successor thereto) or (b) a declaration by the Board of Directors of Cliffs (the “Board”) that a Change in Control is imminent, Cliffs shall promptly, to the extent it has not previously done so, and in any event within five (5) business days, transfer to KeyTrust Company of Ohio, N.A., as trustee (“Trustee”) of Trust Agreement No. 7 (“Trust Agreement No. 7”) dated April 9, 1991, as amended, between the Trustee and Cliffs, a sum equal to (aa) the present value on the date of the Change in Control (or on such fifth (5th) business day if the Board has declared a Change in Control to be imminent) of the payments to be made to the Participants under this Plan, such present value to be computed using the assumptions and factors used in the Plan, less (bb) the (balance in the Participant’s account provided for in Section 7(b) of Trust Agreement No. 7) as of the most recent completed valuation thereof, as certified by the Trustee under Trust Agreement No. 7; provided, however, that if the Trustee does not so certify by the end of the fourth (4th) business day after the earlier of such Change in Control or declaration, then the balance of such account shall be deemed to be zero. Any payments of benefits by the Trustee pursuant to Trust Agreement No. 7 shall, to the extent thereof, satisfy Cliffs’ obligation to pay benefits hereunder, it being the intent of Cliffs that assets in such Trust be held, subject to the claims of Cliffs’ creditors, to assist Cliffs in meeting its obligation to pay benefits under this Plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no transfer of assets to Trust Agreement No. 7 or any other such trust or funding vehicle shall be made if such transfer would violate the terms of Section 409A(b)(2) or (b)(3) of the Code.
B. No right or interest of a Participant or his Beneficiary under this Supplemental Retirement Benefit Plan shall be anticipated, assigned (either at law or in equity) or alienated by the Participant or his Beneficiary, nor shall any such right or interest be subject to attachment, garnishment, levy, execution or other legal or equitable process or in any manner be liable for or subject to the debts of any Participant or Beneficiary. If any Participant or Beneficiary shall attempt to or shall alienate, sell, transfer, assign, pledge or otherwise encumber his benefits under the Plan or any part thereof, or if by reason of his bankruptcy or other event happening at any time such benefits would devolve upon anyone else or would not be enjoyed by him, then Cliffs may terminate his interest in any such benefit and hold or apply it to or for his benefit or the benefit of his spouse, children or other person or persons in fact dependent upon him, or any of them, in the manner and at the time it otherwise would have been paid under the Plan.
 
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C. Employment rights shall not be enlarged or affected hereby. The Employers shall continue to have the right to discharge or retire a Participant, with or without cause.
D. Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Plan to the contrary, if Cliffs determines that any Participant may not qualify as a “management or highly compensated employee” within the meaning of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”), or regulations thereunder, Cliffs may determine, in its sole discretion, that such Participant shall cease to be eligible to accrue further benefits under this Plan. The Participant’s then accrued Supplemental Benefit shall be held under the Plan to be paid in accordance with Section 3 hereof.
5. Adoption of Supplemental Retirement Benefit Plan . Any member of the Controlled Group or any Affiliate which is an employer under the Pension Plan may become an Employer hereunder with the written consent of Cliffs if such member or such Affiliate executes an instrument evidencing its adoption of the Supplemental Retirement Benefit Plan and files a copy thereof with Cliffs. Such instrument of adoption may be subject to such terms and conditions as Cliffs requires or approves.
6. Miscellaneous . A. The Plan shall be administered by the plan administrator (the “Administrator”). The Administrator shall have the sole and absolute discretion to interpret the provisions of the Plan (including, without limitation, by supplying omissions from, correcting deficiencies in, or resolving inconsistencies or ambiguities in, the language of the Plan), to make factual findings with respect to any issue arising under the Plan, to determine the rights and status under the Plan of Participants and other persons, to decide disputes arising under the Plan and to make any determinations and findings (including factual findings) with respect to the benefits payable thereunder and the persons entitled thereto as may be required for the purposes of the Plan. In furtherance thereof, but without limiting the foregoing, the Administrator is hereby granted the following specific authorities, which it shall discharge in its sole and absolute discretion in accordance with the terms of the Plan (as interpreted, to the extent necessary, by the Administrator):
(i) To resolve all questions (including factual questions) arising under the provisions of the Plan as to any individual’s entitlement to become a Participant;
(ii) to determine the amount of benefits, if any, payable to any person under the Plan (including to the extent necessary, making factual findings with respect thereto); and
(iii) to conduct the review procedures specified in paragraph 6.D.
All decisions of the Administrator as to the facts of any case, and the application thereof to any case, as to the interpretation of any provision of the Plan or its application to any case, and as to any other interpretative matter or other determination or question under the Plan shall be final and binding on all parties affected thereby. The Administrator may, from time to time, employ agents and delegate to them such administrative duties as it sees fit, and may from time to time consult with legal counsel who may be counsel to Cliffs. All elections, notices and directions under the Plan by a Participant shall be made on such forms as the Administrator shall prescribe.
 
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B. Cliffs shall be the “Administrator” and the “Plan Sponsor” under the Plan for purposes of ERISA.
C. Except to the extent federal law controls, all questions pertaining to the construction, validity and effect of the provisions hereof shall be determined in accordance with the laws of the State of Ohio.
D. Whenever there is denied, whether in whole or in part, a claim for benefits under the Plan filed by any person (herein referred to as the “Claimant”), the Administrator shall transmit a written notice of such decision to the Claimant, which notice shall be written in a manner calculated to be understood by the Claimant and shall contain a statement of the specific reasons for the denial of the claim and a statement advising the Claimant that, within 60 days of the date on which he receives such notice, he may obtain review of such decision in accordance with the procedures hereinafter set forth. Within such 60-day period, the Claimant or his authorized representative may request that the claim denial be reviewed by filing with the Administrator a written request therefor, which request shall contain the following information:
(i) the date on which the Claimant’s request was filed with the Administrator; provided, however, that the date on which the Claimant’s request for review was in fact filed with the Administrator shall control in the event that the date of the actual filing is later than the date stated by the Claimant pursuant to this paragraph;
(ii) the specific portions of the denial of his claim which the Claimant requests the Administrator to review;
(iii) a statement by the Claimant setting forth the basis upon which he believes the Administrator should reverse the previous denial of his claim for benefits and accept his claim as made; and
(iv) any written material (offered as exhibits) which the Claimant desires the Administrator to examine in its consideration of his position as stated pursuant to clause (iii) above.
Within 60 days of the date determined pursuant to clause (i) above, the Administrator shall conduct a full and fair review of the decision denying the Claimant’s claim for benefits, and shall render a written decision with respect to the claim, written in a manner calculated to be understood by the Claimant, specifying the reasons for its decision and the Plan provisions upon which its decision was based.
E. Supplemental Pension Plan Benefits shall be subject to applicable withholding and such other deductions as shall at the time of payment be required or appropriate under any Federal, State or Local law.
 
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7. Amendment and Termination . A. Cliffs has reserved and does hereby reserve the right to amend, at any time, any or all of the provisions of the Supplemental Retirement Benefit Plan for all Employers, without the consent of any other Employer or any Participant, Beneficiary or any other person. Any such amendment shall be expressed in an instrument executed by Cliffs and shall become effective as of the date designated in such instrument or, if no such date is specified, on the date of its execution.
B. Cliffs, on behalf of itself and of each Employer, in its sole discretion, may terminate this Plan at any time and for any reason whatsoever. In the event Cliffs elects to terminate the Plan as provided in this Section, no distribution of Supplemental Pension Plan Benefits or payment of benefits shall occur as a result, except as otherwise provided in an amendment to this Plan, including without limitation an amendment to the Plan for the liquidation and termination of the Plan where:
(i) the termination and liquidation does not occur proximate to a downturn in the financial health of the Company and Affiliates;
(ii) the Plan and all arrangements required to be aggregated with the Plan under Section 409A of the Code are terminated and liquidated;
(iii) no payments, other than those that would be payable under the terms of the Plan and the aggregated arrangements if the termination and liquidation had not occurred, are made within twelve (12) months of the date the Company takes all necessary action to irrevocably terminate and liquidate the Plan;
(iv) all payments are made within twenty-four (24) months of the date the Company takes all necessary action to irrevocably terminate and liquidate the Plan; and
(v) the Company or Subsidiaries do not adopt a new arrangement that would be aggregated with any terminated arrangement under Section 409A of the Code, at any time within three (3) years following the date of the date the Company takes all necessary action to irrevocably terminate and liquidate the Plan.
C. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions hereof, no amendment or termination of the Supplemental Retirement Benefit Plan shall, without the consent of the Participant, adversely affect the accrued benefit under the Plan of such Participant.
D. Any other Employer which shall have adopted the Plan may, with the written consent of Cliffs, elect separately to withdraw from the Plan and, subject to subparagraph B above, such withdrawal shall constitute a termination of the Plan as to it, but it shall continue to be an Employer for the purposes hereof as to Participants and Beneficiaries to whom it owes obligations hereunder. Any such withdrawal and termination shall be expressed in an instrument executed by the terminating Employer and shall become effective as of the date designated in such instrument, or if no date is specified, on the date of its execution.
 
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8. Effective Date . The amended and restated Supplemental Retirement Benefit Plan shall be effective as of December 1, 2006.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. pursuant to the order of its Board of Directors, has executed this amended and restated Supplemental Retirement Benefit Plan at Cleveland, Ohio, as of the 31 day of December, 2008.

CLIFFS NATURAL RESOURCES INC.	
		
By:	 	/s/ W. A. Brake	
Its: 	 	EVP Human & Tech. Resources	
 
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Exhibit A
Pension Plans
Pension Plan for Salaried Employees of the Cleveland-Cliffs Inc and its Associated Employers
Ore Mining Companies Pension Plan
 
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Exhibit 10(nnn)
CLIFFS NATURAL RESOURCES INC.
NONEMPLOYEE DIRECTORS’ COMPENSATION PLAN
(AS AMENDED AND RESTATED EFFECTIVE DECEMBER 31, 2008)
Recitals
WHEREAS, Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. (formerly named Cleveland-Cliffs Inc) (“Company”), with approval of the Company’s shareholders on May 14, 1996, established the Cleveland-Cliffs Inc Nonemployee Directors’ Compensation Plan (“Plan”), effective July 1, 1996;
WHEREAS, with approval of the Board of Directors of the Company (“Board”), the Plan was amended by the First Amendment to the Plan effective November 12, 1996;
WHEREAS, with the approval of the Board, the Plan was further amended by the Second Amendment to the Plan, effective May 13, 1997;
WHEREAS, with the approval of the Board, the Plan was further amended by the Third Amendment, effective January 1, 1999;
WHEREAS, with the approval of the Board and the shareholders, the Plan was further amended by the Fourth Amendment, effective May 8, 2001;
WHEREAS, with the approval of the Board, the Plan was amended and restated, effective January 1, 2004 and further amended and restated, effective as of January 1, 2005.
WHEREAS, the Company now desires to further amend and restate the Plan; and
WHEREAS, the Board has approved such amendment and restatement, effective December 31, 2008, in accordance with Section 8.2 of the Plan.
Amendment and Restatement
NOW, THEREFORE, the Plan is amended and restated as follows:
ARTICLE I. DEFINITIONS
Whenever the following terms are used in this Plan they shall have the meanings specified below unless the context clearly indicates to the contrary:
(a) “Account”: A Deferred Fee Account and/or a Deferred Share Account, as the context may require.

(b) “Accounting Date”: December 31 of each year and the last day of each calendar quarter.
(c) “Accounting Period”: The quarterly period beginning on the date immediately following an Accounting Date and ending the next following Accounting Date.
(d) “Administrator”: The Board Affairs Committee of the Board or any successor committee designated by the Board.
(e) “Annual Equity Grants”: The Restricted Shares or Shares awarded annually pursuant to Section 3.1.
(f) “Beneficiary”: The person or persons (natural or otherwise) designated pursuant to Section 7.7.
(g) “Board”: The Board of Directors of the Company.
(h) “Change in Control”: The meaning set forth in Section 3.1(b).
(i) “Code”: The Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
(j) “Company”: Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. (formerly named Cleveland-Cliffs Inc) or any successor or successors thereto.
(k) “Declared Rate”: The Moody’s Corporate Average Bond Yield as adjusted on the first business day of January, April, July and October or such other rate as the Administrator shall determine from time to time.
(l) “Deferral Commitment”: An agreement made by a Director in a Participation Agreement to have all of his or her Annual Equity Grant and/or all or a specified portion of his or her Fees, Required Retainer Shares and/or Voluntary Shares deferred under the Plan for a specified period in the future.
(m) “Deferral Period”: The Plan Year for which a Director has elected to defer all of his or her Annual Equity Grant and/or all or a portion of his or her Fees, Required Retainer Shares and/or Voluntary Shares.
(n) “Deferred Fees”: The Fees credited to a Director’s Deferred Fee Account pursuant to Articles IV and V and payable to a Director pursuant to Article VII.
(o) “Deferred Fee Account”: The account maintained on the books of the Company for each Director pursuant to Article V.
(p) “Deferred Shares”: The Annual Equity Grant, Required Retainer Shares and Voluntary Shares credited to a Director’s Deferred Share Account pursuant to Articles IV and VI and payable to a Director pursuant to Article VII.
 
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(q) “Deferred Share Account”: The account maintained on the books of the Company for each Director pursuant to Article VI, which is comprised of the Deferred Share Annual Equity Subaccount and the Deferred Share Other Equity Subaccount.
(r) “Deferred Share Annual Equity Subaccount”: The subaccount maintained on the books of the Company pursuant to Article VI for each Director who makes a Deferral Commitment with respect to one or more Annual Equity Grants.
(s) “Deferred Share Other Equity Subaccount”: The subaccount maintained on the books of the Company pursuant to Article VI for each Director who makes a Deferral Commitment with respect to Required Retainer Shares and/or Voluntary Shares.
(t) “Director”: An individual duly elected or chosen as a Director of the Company who is not also an employee of the Company or any of its subsidiaries.
(u) “Director Share Ownership Guidelines”: Guidelines relating to ownership of Shares by Directors as established by the Administrator from time to time.
(v) “Disability” or “Disabled”: A Director shall be deemed to have a “Disability” or be “Disabled” if the Director is (i) unable to engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment which can be expected to result in death or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than 12 months, (ii)by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment which can be expected to result in death or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than 12 months, receiving income replacement benefits for a period of not less than 3 months under an employer-sponsored accident and health plan, or (iii) determined to be totally disabled by the Social Security Administration.
(w) “Election Filing Date”: December 31 of the calendar year next preceding the first day of (i) in the case of dividends deferred under Section 3.1(e) of the Plan, the Plan Year in which Restricted Shares (on which such dividends are declared) are granted (ii) in the case of Fees, the Deferral Period in which the Fees would otherwise be earned (iii) in the case of an Annual Equity Grant, the Deferral Period in which the Restricted Shares or Shares would otherwise be awarded (iv) in the case of Required Retainer Shares and Voluntary Shares, the Deferral Period in which such shares would otherwise be earned.
(x) “Fair Market Value”: With respect to a Share, the last reported closing price for a Share on the New York Stock Exchange (or any appropriate over-the-counter market if the Shares are no longer listed on such Exchange) for a day specified herein for which such fair market value is to be calculated, or if there was no sale of Shares so reported for such day, on the most recently preceding day on which there was such a sale.
(y) “Fees”: The portion of the annual Retainer and other Director compensation payable in cash.
(z) “Participation Agreement”: The agreement submitted by a Director to the Administrator in which a Director may specify an amount of Voluntary Shares, or may elect to defer receipt of all of his Annual Equity Grant and/or all or any portion of his or her Fees, Required Retainer Shares and/or Voluntary Shares for a specified period in the future.
 
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(aa) “Plan”: The Plan set forth in this instrument as it may from time to time be amended.
(bb) “Plan Year”: The 12-month period beginning January 1 and ending December 31.
(cc) “Prior Plan”: The Company’s Plan for Deferred Payment of Directors’ Fees originally adopted in 1981.
(dd) “Restricted Shares”: Shares automatically awarded pursuant to Section 3.1 as to which neither the substantial risk of forfeiture nor the restrictions on transfer referred to in Section 3.1 hereof have expired.
(ee) “Retainer”: The portion of a Director’s annual compensation that is payable without regard to number of Board or committee meetings attended, committee positions or the Lead Director position.
(ff) “Required Retainer Shares”: Such number of Shares or dollar value of a Director’s Retainer as the Administrator may specify from time to time as the portion of a Director’s Retainer required to be paid in Shares, less any amount such Director may have elected to receive in cash pursuant to Section 3.2 (a)(ii).
(gg) “Rule 16b-3”: Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or any successor rule to the same effect), as in effect from time to time.
(hh) “Settlement Date”: The date which is the earliest to occur of the following: (i) the date of a Director’s Termination of Service (including by death); (ii) the date a Director becomes Disabled; (iii) the date of the occurrence of a Change in Control of the Company that constitutes a “change in the ownership or effective control” or a “change in the ownership or substantial portion of the assets” of the Company within the meaning of Section 409A(a)(2)(A)(v) of the Code and Treasury Regulation Section 1.409A-3(i)(5), or any successor provision; or (iv) the date prior to the date of Termination of Service selected by a Director pursuant to a Specified Date Payment Election for distribution of all of his or her Annual Equity Grants and/or all or any portion of his or her Fees, Required Retainer Shares and/or Voluntary Shares deferred during such Deferral Period as provided in Section 7.3.
(ii) “Shares”: The Company’s fully paid, non-assessable Common Shares, par value $0.125 per share. Shares may be shares of original issuance or treasury shares or a combination of the foregoing.
(jj) “Specified Employee”: A specified employee with respect to the Company (or a controlled group member of the Company) determined pursuant to procedures adopted by the Company in compliance with Section 409A of the Code.
(kk) “Specified Date Payment Election”: The portion of a Participation Agreement completed by a Director that indicates the form of distribution of the Director’s Deferred Fee Account, Deferred Share Annual Equity Subaccount, and/or the Deferred Share Other Equity Subaccount that will be deferred until a specified date designated by the Director.
 
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(ll) “Termination of Service”: A termination of service with the Company that constitutes a separation from service within the meaning of Treasury Regulation Section 1.409A-1(h).
(mm) “Unforeseeable Emergency”: A severe financial hardship to a Director resulting from (i) an illness or accident of the Director or Beneficiary or his or her spouse or dependent (as defined in Section 152(a) of the Code), (ii) loss of the Director’s property due to casualty, or (iii) other similar or extraordinary circumstances arising as a result of events beyond the control of the Director.
(nn) “Voluntary Shares”: The meaning set forth in Section 3.2(b).
ARTICLE II. PURPOSE
The purpose of this Plan is to provide for the Annual Equity Grant to Directors and for the payment to Directors of a portion of the Retainer earned by them for services as Directors in Shares in order to further align the interests of Directors with the shareholders of the Company and thereby promote the long-term success and growth of the Company. In addition, the Plan is intended to provide Directors with opportunities to invest additional amounts of their compensation payable for services as a Director in Shares and defer receipt of any or all of such compensation.
ARTICLE III. ANNUAL EQUITY GRANTS, REQUIRED RETAINER SHARES
AND VOLUNTARY SHARES
3.1 Automatic Annual Equity Grants .
(a) For the year 2008 and subsequent years, unless otherwise determined by the Board, each Director, shall automatically receive each year on the date of the annual meeting, the number of Restricted Shares equal to $75,000 divided by the Fair Market Value of a Share on the date of the annual meeting. Each Director who joins the Board after an annual meeting, shall receive a pro-rated amount of Restricted Shares from the date such Director joins the Board. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any Director who is age 69 years old or older on the date of an annual meeting shall, in lieu of Restricted Shares, receive an equal number of Shares (with no restrictions).
 
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(b) The Restricted Shares may not be assigned, exchanged, pledged, sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of by a Director, except to the Company, and shall be subject to forfeiture as herein provided until the earliest to occur of the following (“Vesting Event”): (a) the third anniversary of the date of award; (b) a Change in Control (as defined below); (c) death; or (d) Disability. Any purported transfer in violation of the provisions of this paragraph shall be null and void, and the purported transferee shall obtain no rights with respect to such Restricted Shares. For purposes of this Section 3.1, “Change in Control” shall mean the occurrence of any of the following events:
(i) The acquisition by any individual, entity or group (within the meaning of Section 13(d)(3) or 14(d)(2) of the Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) (a “Person”) of beneficial ownership (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act) of 30% or more of the combined voting power of the then outstanding voting stock of the Company; provided, however, that for purposes of this Section 3.1(b)(i) of Article III, the following acquisitions shall not constitute a Change in Control: (A) any issuance of voting stock of the Company directly from the Company that is approved by the Incumbent Board (as defined in Section 3.1(b)(ii) of Article III below), (B) any acquisition by the Company of voting stock of the Company, (C) any acquisition of voting stock of the Company by any employee benefit plan (or related trust) sponsored or maintained by the Company or any subsidiary, or (D) any acquisition of voting stock of the Company by any Person pursuant to a Business Combination that complies with clauses (A), (B) and (C) of Section 3.1(b)(iii) of Article III, below; or
(ii) individuals who, as of the date hereof, constitute the Board (the “Incumbent Board”) cease for any reason to constitute at least a majority of the Board; provided, however, that any individual becoming a Director subsequent to the date hereof whose election, or nomination for election by the Company’s shareholders, was approved by a vote of at least a majority of the Directors then comprising the Incumbent Board (either by a specific vote or by approval of the proxy statement of the Company in which such person is named as a nominee for director, without objection to such nomination) shall be deemed to have been a member of the Incumbent Board, but excluding, for this purpose, any such individual whose initial assumption of office occurs as a result of an actual or threatened election contest (within the meaning of Rule 14a-11 of the Exchange Act) with respect to the election or removal of Directors or other actual or threatened solicitation of proxies or consents by or on behalf of a Person other than the Board; or
(iii) consummation of a reorganization, merger or consolidation involving the Company, a sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or any other transaction involving the Company (each, a “Business Combination”), unless, in each case, immediately following such Business Combination, (A) all or substantially all of the individuals and entities who were the beneficial owners of voting stock of the Company immediately prior to such Business Combination beneficially own, directly or indirectly, more than 55% of the combined voting power of the then outstanding shares of voting stock of the entity resulting from such Business Combination (including, without limitation, an entity which as a result of such transaction owns the Company or all or substantially all of the Company’s assets either directly or through one or more subsidiaries) in substantially the same proportions relative to each other as their ownership, immediately prior to such Business Combination, of the voting stock of the Company, (B) no Person (other than the Company, such entity resulting from such Business Combination, or any employee benefit plan (or related trust) sponsored or maintained by the Company, any subsidiary or such entity resulting from such Business Combination) beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, 30% or more of the combined voting power of the then outstanding shares of voting stock of the entity resulting from such Business Combination, and (C) at least a majority of the members of the Board of Directors of the entity resulting from such Business Combination were members of the Incumbent Board at the time of the execution of the initial agreement or of the action of the Board providing for such Business Combination; or
 
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(iv) approval by the shareholders of the Company of a complete liquidation or dissolution of the Company, except pursuant to a Business Combination that complies with clauses (A), (B) and (C) of Section 3.1(b)(iii) of Article III.
For purposes of this Section 3.1(b) of Article III, voting stock means securities entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, and subsidiary means an entity in which the Company directly or indirectly beneficially owns 50% or more of the outstanding capital or profits interests or voting stock.
(c) All of the Restricted Shares shall be forfeited by a Director who is terminated before a Vesting Event; provided, however, if service as a Director is terminated by the Company owing to removal as a Director without cause before the third anniversary of the date of an award, a portion of the Restricted Shares covered by such award that then remain forfeitable shall become freely transferable and nonforfeitable on a prorated basis (rounded up to the nearest whole Restricted Share) for the number of full months the Director remains on the Board during the three-year period from the date of grant.
(d) Unless otherwise directed by the Administrator, all certificates representing Restricted Shares shall be held in custody by the Company until the occurrence of a Vesting Event. As a condition to each award of Restricted Shares, unless otherwise determined by the Administrator, each Director shall have delivered to the Company a stock power, endorsed in blank, relating to the Restricted Shares covered by such award. After the occurrence of a Vesting Event, assuming no event has occurred that would effect a forfeiture of a Director’s Restricted Shares, a certificate or certificates evidencing unrestricted ownership of such Shares shall be delivered to the Director.
(e) With respect to dividends on Restricted Shares:
(i) A Director may elect, prior to December 31, 2005 or the applicable Election Filing Date for any Plan Year thereafter, that all cash dividends declared with respect to Restricted Shares awarded during such Plan Year shall be deferred and reinvested in additional Common Shares during the period of restriction of such Restricted Shares and which shall be subject to the same restrictions as such Restricted Shares. Such deferral election shall be effective as of the applicable Election Filing Date and shall apply to dividends declared on Restricted Shares granted in the Plan Year following the applicable Election Filing Date and in each subsequent Plan Year unless terminated for a subsequent Plan Year by filing a termination election by the applicable Election Filing Date for such subsequent Plan Year.
(ii) In addition, any Director who joins the Board on or after January 1 of any Plan Year may make such an election with respect to dividends declared on his or her award of Restricted Shares within 30 days after becoming a Director. Such deferral election shall be effective when filed and shall apply only to dividends declared on Restricted Shares granted during the remainder of such Plan Year and in each subsequent Plan Year unless terminated for a subsequent Plan Year by filing a termination election by the applicable Election Filing Date for such subsequent Plan Year.
 
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(iii) Once such a deferral election has been terminated, another deferral election may not be made.
(iv) All such deferred dividends shall be reinvested and held in the Director’s name and shall be delivered as additional unrestricted Common Shares on the applicable Vesting Date, subject to vesting as provided in Section 3.1(b) hereof and proration as provided in Section 3.1(c) hereof.
3.2 Required Retainer Shares and Voluntary Shares .
(a) Payment of Retainer .
(i) Subject to Section 3.2(a)(ii), Section 3.2(b) and Article IV of this Plan, the Retainer established by the Administrator from time to time shall be payable in part as Required Retainer Shares payable on January 1 of the following year, and the balance of such Retainer and all other Fees shall be payable in cash quarterly in advance of each Accounting Period.
(ii) If a Director meets the Director Share Ownership Guidelines on December 1 of 2004 or any year thereafter, such Director may elect, by the filing of a Participation Agreement or such other form as may be approved by the Administrator by March 29, 2004 or by December 15 of such year, as applicable, to have up to 100% of such Director’s Retainer paid by the Company in cash. Such election shall apply to the Director’s Retainer for the Plan Year commencing January 1, 2004 or the Plan Year following such election, as applicable.
(b) Voluntary Shares . Prior to the commencement of any calendar quarter, a Director may elect by the filing of a Participation Agreement to have up to 100% of his or her Fees for such quarter paid by the Company in the form of Voluntary Shares and in lieu of the cash payment. Such Participation Agreement must be filed as a one-time election. Such election, unless subsequently terminated, shall apply to a Director’s Fees for the remainder of the current Plan Year and each subsequent Plan Year. Once an election has been terminated another election may not be made.
(c) Issuance of Shares . On the first business day of each year the Company shall issue (i) to each Director a number of Shares equal to such Director’s Required Retainer Shares for each Accounting Period during the prior Plan Year divided by the Fair Market Value per Share on the first day of such Accounting Period and (ii) to each Director who has made an election under Section 3.2(b), a number of Shares for each such Accounting Period equal to the portion of such Director’s Fees for such Accounting Period that such Director has elected to receive as Voluntary Shares for such Accounting Period divided by the Fair Market Value per Share on the first day of such Accounting Period (less, in each case, the portion of the Required Retainer Shares and Voluntary Shares the Director elected to defer under Section 4.3). To the extent that the application of the foregoing formula would result in the issuance of fractional Shares, no fractional Shares shall be issued, but instead, the Company shall maintain two
 
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separate non-interest-bearing accounts for each Director, which accounts shall be credited with the amount of any Required Retainer Shares or Voluntary Shares, as the case may be, not convertible into whole Shares, which amounts shall be combined with Required Retainer Shares and Voluntary Shares, respectively, which are paid for the next following Plan Year. When whole Shares are issued by the Company to the Director on January 1, the amounts in such accounts shall be reduced by that amount which (when added to the Required Retainer Shares and Voluntary Shares for such Director for such quarter) results in the issuance of the maximum number of Shares to such Director. The Company shall pay any and all fees and commissions incurred in connection with the payment of Required Retainer Shares and Voluntary Shares to a Director in Shares.
ARTICLE IV. DEFERRAL OF FEES, ANNUAL EQUITY GRANT,
REQUIRED RETAINER SHARES AND VOLUNTARY SHARES
4.1 Deferral of Fees . A Director may elect to defer all or a specified percentage of his or her Fees earned for any Deferral Period by filing a Participation Agreement with the Administrator by the applicable Election Filing Date. Such Deferral Commitment shall be effective as of the applicable Election Filing Date and shall continue to be effective from Deferral Period to Deferral Period until terminated or modified by filing a new Participation Agreement with the Administrator, provided that such new Participation Agreement must be filed by the applicable Election Filing Date for the Deferral Period for which it is to be effective.
4.2 Crediting of Deferred Fees . The portion of a Director’s Fees that is deferred pursuant to a Deferral Commitment shall be credited promptly following each Plan Year to the Director’s Deferred Fee Account as of the date the corresponding non-deferred portion of his or her Fees would have been paid to the Director.
4.3 Deferral of Annual Equity Grant . A Director may elect to defer all of his or her Annual Equity Grant (in lieu of receiving Restricted Shares or Shares pursuant to Section 3.1(a)) awarded during any Deferral Period by filing a Participation Agreement with the Administrator by the applicable Election Filing Date. Such Deferral Commitment shall be effective as of the applicable Election Filing Date and shall continue to be effective from Deferral Period to Deferral Period until terminated by filing a new Participation Agreement with the Administrator, provided that such new Participation Agreement must be filed by the applicable Election Filing Date for the Plan Year for which it is to be effective. Once such a Deferral Commitment has been terminated, another Deferral Commitment may not be made. Such Deferred Shares are still subject to forfeiture pursuant to Section 6.5.
4.4 Deferral of Required Retainer Shares and Voluntary Shares . A Director may elect to defer and/or all or a specified percentage of his or her Required Retainer Shares and his or her Voluntary Shares earned for any Deferral Period by filing a Participation Agreement with the Administrator by the applicable Election Filing Date. Such Deferral Commitment shall be effective as of the applicable Election Filing Date and shall continue to be effective from Deferral Period to Deferral Period until terminated or modified by filing a new Participation Agreement with the Administrator, provided that such Participation Agreement must be filed by the applicable Election Filing Date for the Deferral Period for which it is to be effective.
 
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4.5 Crediting of Deferred Shares . The (i) Director’s Annual Equity Grant that is deferred pursuant to a Deferral Commitment shall be credited promptly following each Plan Year to the Director’s Deferred Share Annual Equity Subaccount and (ii) the portion of a Director’s Required Retainer Shares and/or Voluntary Shares that is deferred pursuant to a Deferral Commitment shall be credited promptly following each Plan Year to the Director’s Deferred Share Other Equity Subaccount, in either case as of the date the corresponding non-deferred portion of his or her Annual Equity Grant, Required Retainer Shares, and Voluntary Shares would have been issued to the Director.
ARTICLE V. DEFERRED FEE ACCOUNT
5.1 Determination of Deferred Fee Account . On any particular date, a Director’s Deferred Fee Account shall consist of the aggregate amount credited thereto pursuant to Section 4.2, plus any interest credited pursuant to Section 5.2, minus the aggregate amount of distributions, if any, made from such Deferred Fee Account.
5.2 Crediting of Interest . Each Deferred Fee Account to which Fees have been credited in dollar amounts shall be increased by the amount of interest earned since the immediately preceding Accounting Date. Interest shall be credited at the Declared Rate as of each Accounting Date based on the average daily balance of the Director’s Deferred Fee Account since the immediately preceding Accounting Date, but after the Deferred Fee Account has been adjusted for any contributions or distributions to be credited or deducted for such period. Interest for the period prior to the first Accounting Date applicable to a Deferred Fee Account shall be prorated.
5.3 Adjustments to Deferred Fee Accounts . Each Director’s Deferred Fee Account shall be immediately debited with the amount of any distributions under the Plan to or on behalf of the Director or, in the event of his or her death, his or her Beneficiary.
5.4 Statements of Deferred Fee Accounts . As soon as practicable after the end of each Plan Year, a statement shall be furnished to each Director or, in the event of his or her death, to his or her Beneficiary showing the status of his or her Deferred Fee Account as of the end of the Accounting Period, any changes in such Account since the end of the immediately preceding Accounting Period, and such other information as the Administrator shall determine.
5.5 Vesting of Deferred Fee Account . A Director shall be 100% vested in his or her Deferred Fee Account at all times.
ARTICLE VI. DEFERRED SHARE ACCOUNT
6.1 Determination of Deferred Share Account . On any particular date, a Director’s Deferred Share Account shall be comprised of the Deferred Share Annual Equity Subaccount and the Deferred Share Other Equity Subaccount which shall consist of the aggregate number of Deferred Shares credited thereto pursuant to Section 4.5, plus any dividend equivalents credited pursuant to Section 6.2, minus the aggregate amount of distributions, if any, made from such Deferred Share Annual Equity Subaccount and Deferred Share Other Equity Subaccount.
 
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6.2 Crediting of Dividend Equivalents . Each Deferred Share Annual Equity Subaccount and Deferred Share Other Equity Subaccount shall be credited as of the end of each Accounting Period with additional Deferred Shares equal in value to the amount of cash dividends paid by the Company during such Accounting Period on that number of Shares equivalent to the number of Deferred Shares in such Deferred Share Annual Equity Subaccount and Deferred Share Other Equity Subaccount during such Accounting Period. The dividend equivalents shall be valued by dividing the dollar value of such dividend equivalents by the Fair Market Value on the Accounting Date next following the dividend payment date. Until a Director or his or her Beneficiary receives his or her entire Deferred Share Account, the unpaid balance thereof credited in Deferred Shares shall be credited with dividend equivalents as provided in this Section 6.2.
6.3 Adjustments to Deferred Share Accounts . Each Director’s Deferred Share Annual Equity Subaccount and Deferred Share Other Equity Subaccount shall be immediately debited with the amount of any distributions under the Plan to or on behalf of the Director or, in the event of his or her death, his or her Beneficiary.
6.4 Statements of Deferred Share Accounts . As soon as practicable after the end of each Plan Year, a statement shall be furnished to each Director or, in the event of his or her death, to his or her Beneficiary showing the status of his or her Deferred Share Account as of the end of the Accounting Period, any changes in such Account since the end of the immediately preceding Accounting Period, and such other information as the Administrator shall determine.
6.5 Vesting of Deferred Share Account . A Director shall be 100% vested in his or her Deferred Share Other Equity Subaccount at all times and in his or her Deferred Share Annual Equity Subaccount with respect to any Annual Equity Grant received when a Director was 69 years of age or older. A Director shall become 100% vested in his or her Deferred Share Annual Equity Account with respect to each Annual Equity Grant upon the occurrence of a Vesting Event described in Section 3.1(b) (excluding any such Annual Equity Grant made to a Director who was 69 or older on the date of grant of such Annual Equity Grant) and any unvested portion shall be forfeited upon Termination of Service.
ARTICLE VII. DISTRIBUTION OF BENEFITS
7.1 Settlement Date . A Director, or in the event of such Director’s death, his or her Beneficiary, shall be entitled to all or a portion of the balance in such Director’s Deferred Fee Account and Deferred Share Account, as provided in this Article VII, following such Director’s Settlement Date or Dates.
7.2 Amount to be Distributed . The amount to which a Director, or in the event of such Director’s death, his or her Beneficiary is entitled in accordance with the following provisions of this Article VII shall be based on the Director’s adjusted balances in his or her Deferred Fee Account and Deferred Share Other Equity Subaccount and Deferred Share Annual Equity Subaccount determined as of the Accounting Date coincident with or next following his or her Settlement Date or Dates.
 
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7.3 In-Service Distribution . A Director may irrevocably elect to receive a pre-termination distribution of all or any specified percentage of his or her vested Deferred Fees credited to his or her Deferred Fee Account or vested Deferred Shares credited to his or her Deferred Share Other Equity Subaccount or Deferred Share Annual Equity Subaccount commencing on a specified date in a Plan Year that begins at least three Plan Years after the date such Fees and Shares otherwise would have been payable pursuant to a Specified Date Payment Election. Such Specified Date Payment Election (i) shall be made in a Participation Agreement filed at the same time he or she files a Deferral Commitment covering such Deferred Fees or Deferred Shares as provided in Sections 4.1, 4.2 or Section 4.4 and (ii) shall contain the Director’s irrevocable election to receive such Deferred Fees or Deferred Shares under one of the forms provided in Section 7.4 or Section 7.5. Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to Deferred Shares in lieu of an Annual Equity Grant in the form of Restricted Shares for a Director under age 69 at the date of grant, the specified distribution date must be at least three years from the date of grant. In addition, if the Director has made a Specified Date Payment Election with respect to his or her Deferred Fee Account or Deferred Share Annual Equity Subaccount or Deferred Share Other Equity Subaccount pursuant to this Section 7.3 and the Director has made a Deferral Commitment for the Deferral Period immediately prior to the year specified in such Specified Date Payment Election, the time of commencement of distribution of amounts in his or her Deferred Fee Account, Deferred Share Annual Equity Subaccount, or Deferred Share Other Equity Subaccount for that and all future Deferral Periods shall be based on the specified date selected by the Director pursuant to new Specified Date Payment Election filed in connection with the Deferral Commitment for the first of such future Deferral Periods, and, if none, shall be based upon the earliest of the Settlement Dates described in Sections (hh)(i), (ii), and (iii) of Article I.
7.4 Time and Form of Distribution — Deferred Fee Account . Thirty days after the end of the Accounting Period in which a Director’s Settlement Date occurs, the Company shall distribute or cause to be distributed, to the Director the balance of the Director’s Deferred Fee Account as determined under Section 7.2, under one of the forms provided in this Section 7.4. In the event of a Director’s death, the balance of his or her Deferred Fee Account shall be distributed to his or her Beneficiary in a lump sum.
Distribution of a Director’s Deferred Fee Account shall be made in one of the following forms as elected by the Director:
(a) by payment in cash in a single lump sum;
(b) by payment in cash in not greater than ten annual installments; or
(c) a combination of (a) and (b) above. The Director shall designate the percentage payable under each option.
The Director’s election of the form of distribution of Deferred Fees shall be on a Participation Agreement filed with the Administrator at the same time the Director files a Deferral Commitment covering such Deferred Fees pursuant to Section 4.1 hereof.
The amount of cash to be distributed in each installment shall be equal to the quotient obtained by dividing the Director’s Deferred Fee Account balance as of the date of such installment payment by the number of installment payments remaining to be made to or in respect of such Director at the time of calculation.
 
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If a Director fails to make an election in a timely manner as provided in this Section 7.4, distribution shall be made in cash in a single lump sum.
Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 7.4, if the Director is a Specified Employee at the time of his or her Termination of Service, payment on account of Termination of Service shall be made or commence on the first business day of the seventh month following such Termination of Service (or, if earlier, the date of death). In the event that the Specified Employee’s Deferred Fee Account is payable in installments upon a Termination of Service, the total amount of installment payments to which such Specified Employee would otherwise be entitled during the period from the date of the Director’s Termination of Service through the first day of the seventh month following the date of such Termination of Service shall also be paid on the first business day of the seventh month following such Termination of Service (or, if earlier, the date of death).
7.5 Time and Form of Distribution — Deferred Share Account . Thirty days after the end of the Accounting Period in which a Director’s Settlement Date occurs, the Company shall distribute or cause to be distributed, to the Director a number of Shares equal to the number of Deferred Shares in the Director’s Deferred Share Annual Equity Subaccount and Deferred Share Other Equity Subaccount as determined under Section 7.2, under one of the forms provided in this Section 7.5. In the event of a Director’s death, the number of Shares equal to the number of Deferred Shares in his or her Deferred Share Annual Equity Subaccount and Deferred Share Other Equity Subaccount shall be distributed to his or her Beneficiary in a single distribution.
Distribution of a Director’s Deferred Share Annual Equity Subaccount and Deferred Share Other Equity Subaccount shall be made in one of the following forms as elected by the Director:
(a) by payment in Shares or cash in a single distribution;
(b) by payment in Shares or cash in not greater than ten annual installments; or
(c) a combination of (a) and (b) above. The Director shall designate the percentage payable under each option.
The Director’s election of the form of distribution of Deferred Shares shall be on a Participation Agreement filed with the Administrator at the same time the Director files a Deferral Commitment covering the Annual Equity Grant, Required Retainer Shares or Voluntary Shares comprising such Deferred Shares pursuant to Section 4.3 or 4.4 hereof.
The number of Shares to be distributed in each installment shall be equal to the quotient obtained by dividing the number of Deferred Shares in the Director’s Deferred Share Annual Equity Subaccount and Deferred Share Other Equity Subaccount as of the date of such installment payment by the number of installment payments remaining to be made to or in respect of such Director at the time of calculation. Fractional Shares shall be rounded down to the nearest whole Share, and such fractional amount shall be re-credited as a fractional Deferred Share in the Director’s Deferred Share Annual Equity Subaccount and/or Deferred Share Other Equity Subaccount.
 
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If a Director elects payment in a single distribution in cash, the amount of the payout shall be equal to the Fair Market Value of the Deferred Shares in the Director’s Deferred Share Annual Equity Subaccount and Deferred Share Other Equity Subaccount. on the Settlement Date. If such Director elects payout in installments in cash, an amount equal to the Fair Market Value of the Deferred Shares in the Director’s Deferred Share Annual Equity Subaccount and Deferred Share Other Equity Subaccount on the Settlement Date shall be transferred to the Director’s Deferred Fee Account pending distribution.
If a Director fails to make an election in a timely manner as provided in this Section 7.5, distribution of the Director’s Deferred Share Annual Equity Subaccount and/or Deferred Share Other Equity Subaccount shall be made in Shares in a single distribution.
Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 7.5, if the Director is a Specified Employee on the date of his or her Termination of Service, payment on account of Termination of Service shall be made or commence on the first business day of the seventh month following such Termination of Service (or, if earlier, the date of death). In the event that the Specified Employee’s Deferred Share Annual Equity Subaccount or Deferred Share Other Equity Subaccount is payable in installments upon a Termination of Service, the total amount of installment payments to which such Specified Employee would otherwise be entitled during the period from the date of the Director’s Termination of Service through the first day of the seventh month following the date of such Termination of Service shall also be paid on the first business day of the seventh month following such Termination of Service (or, if earlier, the date of death).
7.6 Special Distributions . Notwithstanding any other provision of this Article VII, with respect to Deferred Fees or Deferred Shares that were earned and vested prior to January 1, 2005, a Director may elect to receive a distribution of part or all of his or her Deferred Fee Account and/or Deferred Share Account attributable to such Deferred Fees or Deferred Shares in one or more distributions if (and only if) the amount in the Director’s Deferred Fee Account and/or the number of the Shares in the Director’s Deferred Share Account subject to such distribution is reduced by 6%. The remaining 6% of the portion of the electing Director’s Deferred Fee Account and/or Deferred Share Account subject to such distribution shall be forfeited. If a Director makes an election under this Section 7.6 during a Plan Year in which he or she is also making deferrals under the deferral portion of the Plan: (i) such election shall be effective as of the last day of the Plan Year in which it is submitted to the Administrator and any distribution made pursuant to such an election shall be made on such day and (ii) such Director shall terminate his or her participation in the deferral portion of the Plan for the two Plan Years following the Plan Year during which the Director’s election is effective under this Section 7.6. If a Director makes an election under this Section 7.6 during a Plan Year in which he or she is not making any deferrals under the deferral portion of the Plan: (i) such election shall be effective when it is submitted to the Administrator and any distribution made pursuant to such an election shall be made within sixty days of the date such election is submitted to the Administrator and (ii) such Director shall not be eligible to participate in the deferral portion of the Plan for the two Plan Years following the Plan Year during which the Director’s election is effective under this Section 7.6.
 
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7.7 Beneficiary Designation . As used in the Plan the term “Beneficiary” means:
(a) The person last designated as Beneficiary by the Director in writing on a form prescribed by the Administrator;
(b) If there is no designated Beneficiary or if the person so designated shall not survive the Director, such Director’s spouse; or
(c) If no such designated Beneficiary and no such spouse is living upon the death of a Director, or if all such persons die prior to the distribution of the Director’s balance in his or her Deferred Fee Account and Deferred Share Account, then the legal representative of the last survivor of the Director and such persons, or, if the Administrator shall not receive notice of the appointment of any such legal representative within one year after such death, the heirs-at-law of such survivor shall be the Beneficiaries to whom the then remaining balance of such Accounts shall be distributed (in the proportions in which they would inherit his or her intestate personal property).
Any Beneficiary designation may be changed from time to time by the filing of a new form. No notice given under this Section 7.7 shall be effective unless and until the Administrator actually receives such notice.
7.8 Facility of Payment . Whenever and as often as any Director or his or her Beneficiary entitled to payments hereunder shall be under a legal disability or, in the sole judgment of the Administrator, shall otherwise be unable to apply such payments to his or her own best interests and advantage, the Administrator in the exercise of its discretion may direct all or any portion of such payments to be made in any one or more of the following ways: (i) directly to him or her; (ii) to his or her legal guardian or conservator; or (iii) to his or her spouse or to any other person, to be expended for his or her benefit; and the decision of the Administrator, shall in each case be final and binding upon all persons in interest.
7.9 Elections to Change Time and Form of Distribution . A Director may make an election to change the time of commencement of distribution(s) of his or her Deferred Fee Account or vested Deferred Shares Annual Equity Subaccount or Deferred Shares Other Equity Subaccount, the form of payment of such accounts, or both, with respect to an amount previously deferred by the Director under a Deferral Commitment if all of the following requirements are met:
(a) Such election may not take effect until at least twelve months after the date on which the election is made;
(b) In the case of a election related to a payment other than a payment on account of death, Disability or occurrence of an Unforeseeable Emergency, the first payment under such election shall in all cases be deferred for a period of not less than five years from the date such payment would otherwise have been made (or, in the case of installment payments, which shall be treated as a single payment for purposes of this Section 7.9, five years from the date the first installment payment was scheduled to be paid); and
 
15

(c) Any subsequent election related to a distribution that is to be made at a specified date or pursuant to a fixed schedule pursuant to Sections 7.3 of the Plan must be made not less than twelve months prior to the date the payment was scheduled to be made under the prior election or deemed election (or, in the case of installment payments, which shall be treated as a single payment for purposes of this Section 7.9, twelve months prior to the date the first installment payment was scheduled to be paid).
7.10 Unforeseeable Emergency . Notwithstanding any other provision of this Article VII, in the event of an Unforeseeable Emergency and at the request of a Director, accelerated payment shall be made to the Director of all or a part of his or her (i) Deferred Fee Account or (ii) vested Deferred Share Account. Payments of amounts as a result of an Unforeseeable Emergency may not exceed the amount necessary to satisfy such Unforeseeable Emergency plus amounts necessary to pay taxes reasonably anticipated as a result of the distribution(s), after taking into account the extent to which the hardship is or may be relieved through reimbursement or compensation by insurance or otherwise by liquidation of the Director’s assets (to the extent the liquidation of such assets would not itself cause severe financial hardship).
ARTICLE VIII. ADMINISTRATION, AMENDMENT AND TERMINATION
8.1 Administration . The Plan shall be administered by the Administrator. The Administrator shall have such powers as may be necessary to discharge its duties hereunder. The Administrator may, from time to time, employ, appoint or delegate to an agent or agents (who may be an officer or officers of the Company) and delegate to them such administrative duties as it sees fit, and may from time to time consult with legal counsel who may be counsel to the Company. The Administrator shall have no power to add to, subtract from or modify any of the terms of the Plan, or to change or add to any benefits provided under the Plan, or to waive or fail to apply any requirements of eligibility for a benefit under the Plan. No member of the Administrator shall act in respect of his or her own Deferred Fee Account or his or her own Deferred Share Account. All decisions and determinations by the Administrator shall be final and binding on all parties. No member of the Administrator shall be liable for any such action taken or determination made in good faith. All decisions of the Administrator shall be made by the vote of the majority, including actions and writing taken without a meeting. All elections, notices and directions under the Plan by a Director shall be made on such forms as the Administrator shall prescribe.
8.2 Amendment and Termination . The Board may alter or amend this Plan from time to time or may terminate it in its entirety; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that no such action shall, without the consent of a Director, affect the rights in any Shares issued or to be issued to such Director, in any Deferred Shares in a Director’s Deferred Share Account or in any amounts in a Director’s Deferred Fee Account, and further provided, that, without further approval by the shareholders of the Company no such action shall (a) increase the total number of Shares available for issuance under this Plan specified in Article X or (b) otherwise cause Rule 16b-3 to become inapplicable to this Plan.
 
16

ARTICLE IX. FINANCING OF BENEFITS
9.1 Financing of Benefits . The Shares and benefits payable in cash under the Plan to a Director or, in the event of his or her death, to his or her Beneficiary shall be paid by the Company from its general assets. The right to receive payment of the Shares and benefits payable in cash represents an unfunded, unsecured obligation of the Company. No person entitled to payment under the Plan shall have any claim, right, security interest or other interest in any fund, trust, account, insurance contract, or asset of the Company which may be responsible for such payment.
9.2 Security for Benefits . Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 9.1, nothing in this Plan shall preclude the Company from setting aside Shares or funds in trust (“Trust”) pursuant to one or more trust agreements between a trustee and the Company. However, no Director or Beneficiary shall have any secured interest or claim in any assets or property of the Company or the Trust and all Shares or funds contained in the Trust shall remain subject to the claims of the Company’s general creditors. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event shall any amount of Shares be transferred to Trust if, pursuant to Section 409A(b)(3)(A) of the Code, such amount would, for purposes of Section 83 of the Code, be treated as property transferred in connection with the performance of services.
ARTICLE X. SHARES SUBJECT TO PLAN
10.1 Shares Subject to Plan . Subject to adjustment as provided in this Plan, the total number of Shares which may be issued under this Plan shall be 800,000 (400,000 of which were approved in 1996 and 400,000 of which were added as of May 8, 2001, in each case after giving effect to interim stock splits) .
10.2 Adjustments . In the event of any change in the outstanding Shares by reason of (a) any stock dividend, stock split, combination of shares, recapitalization or any other change in the capital structure of the Company, (b) any merger, consolidation, spin-off, split-off, spin-out, split-up, reorganization, partial or complete liquidation or other distribution of assets, issuance of rights or warrants to purchase securities, or (c) any other corporate transaction or event having an effect similar to any of the foregoing, the number and kind of shares specified in Article III, the number or kind of Shares that may be issued under the Plan as specified in Article X and the number of Deferred Shares in a Director’s Deferred Share Account shall automatically be adjusted so that the proportionate interest of the Directors shall be maintained as before the occurrence of such event. Such adjustment shall be conclusive and binding for all purposes with respect to the Plan.
ARTICLE XI. PRIOR PLANS
11.1 1992 Incentive Equity Plan . No further options shall be issued to the Directors under Section 8 of the Company’s 1992 Incentive Equity Plan on or after July 1, 1996.
11.2 Plan for Deferred Payment of Director’s Fees . Effective May 14, 1996, the Prior Plan was discontinued, except that amounts remaining payable to former Directors in the Prior Plan were paid in accordance with its terms.
 
17

ARTICLE XII. GENERAL PROVISIONS
12.1 Interests Not Transferable; Restrictions on Shares and Rights to Shares . No rights to Shares or other benefits payable in cash shall be assigned, pledged, hypothecated or otherwise transferred by a Director or any other person, voluntarily or involuntarily, other than (i) by will or the laws of descent and distribution, or (ii) to the extent permitted by Section 409A, the payment of part or all of an interest under this Plan may be made to an individual other than the Director to the extent necessary to fulfill a “domestic relations order” as defined in Section 414(p)(1)(B) of the Code. No person shall have any right to commute, encumber, pledge or dispose of any other interest herein or right to receive payments hereunder, nor shall such interests or payments be subject to seizure, attachment or garnishment for the payments of any debts, judgments, alimony or separate maintenance obligations or be transferable by operation of law in the event of bankruptcy, insolvency or otherwise, all payments and rights hereunder being expressly declared to be nonassignable and nontransferable.
12.2 Governing Law . The provisions of this Plan shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Ohio.
12.3 Withholding Taxes . To the extent that the Company is required to withhold Federal, state or local taxes in connection with any component of a Director’s compensation in cash or Shares, and the amounts available to the Company for such withholding are insufficient, it shall be a condition to the receipt of any Shares that the Director make arrangements satisfactory to the Company for the payment of the balance of such taxes required to be withheld, which arrangement may include relinquishment of the Shares.
12.4 Application of Section 409A of the Code .
(a) Notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan, any Deferred Fees or Deferred Shares (and earnings thereon) that qualify for “grandfathered status” under Section 409A of the Code because they were earned and vested prior to January 1, 2005 shall continue to be governed by the law applicable to nonqualified deferred compensation prior to the addition of Section 409A of the Code and shall be subject to the terms and conditions specified in the Plan as in effect immediately prior to such date and shall not be modified by this amendment and restatement of the Plan (other than Section 7.6 hereof).
(b) To the extent applicable, it is intended that this Plan comply with the provisions of Section 409A of the Code, so that the income inclusion provisions of Section 409A(a)(1) of the Code do not apply to the Director. The Plan shall be administered in a manner consistent with this intent. Any reference in this Plan to Section 409A of the Code will also include any proposed, temporary or final regulations, or any other guidance, promulgated with respect to such Section by the U.S. Department of the Treasury or the Internal Revenue Service. Notwithstanding any provision of the Plan to the contrary, in light of the uncertainty with respect to the proper application of Section 409A of the Code, the Company reserves the right to make amendments to this Plan as the Company deems necessary or desirable to avoid the imposition of taxes or penalties under Section 409A of the Code.
(c) Except as permitted under Section 409A of the Code, any deferred compensation (within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code) payable to a Director or for a Director’s benefit under this Plan may not be reduced by, or offset against, any amount owing by a Director to the Company or any of its affiliates.
 
18

12.5 Miscellaneous . Headings are given to the sections of this Plan solely as a convenience to facilitate reference. Such headings, numbering and paragraphing shall not in any case be deemed in any way material or relevant to the construction of this Plan or any provisions thereof. The use of the singular shall also include within its meaning the plural, and vice versa.
 
19

Exhibit 12
Ratio of Earnings To Combined Fixed Charges
And Preferred Stock Dividend Requirements
(In Millions)

 	 	Year Ended December 31,	
 	 	2008	 	 	2007	 	 	2006	  	2005	  	2004	
Consolidated pretax income from continuing operations	 	$	716.3	 	 	$	380.7	 	 	$	387.8	  	$	368.1	  	$	285.2	
Undistributed earnings of non-consolidated affiliates	 	 	(35.1	)	 	 	(11.2	)	 	 	0.1	  	 	0.1	  	 	4.2	
Amortization of capitalized interest	 	 	5.6	 	 	 	2.0	 	 	 	2.0	  	 	2.0	  	 	2.0	
Interest expense	 	 	39.8	 	 	 	22.6	 	 	 	3.6	  	 	4.5	  	 	0.8	
Acceleration of debt issuance costs	 	 	—  	 	 	 	0.8	 	 	 	1.7	  	 	—  	  	 	—  	
Interest portion of rental expense	 	 	8.4	 	 	 	4.7	 	 	 	5.4	  	 	5.0	  	 	5.6	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	
Total Earnings	 	$	735.0	 	 	$	399.6	 	 	$	400.6	  	$	379.7	  	$	297.8	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	
Interest expense	 	$	39.8	 	 	$	22.6	 	 	$	3.6	  	$	4.5	  	$	0.8	
Acceleration of debt issuance costs	 	 	—  	 	 	 	0.8	 	 	 	1.7	  	 	—  	  	 	—  	
Interest portion of rental expense	 	 	8.4	 	 	 	4.7	 	 	 	5.4	  	 	5.0	  	 	5.6	
Preferred Stock dividend requirements	 	 	1.4	 	 	 	6.7	 	 	 	7.4	  	 	6.8	  	 	6.5	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	  	 	 	
Fixed Charges and Preferred Stock Dividend Requirements	 	$	49.6	 	 	$	34.8	 	 	$	18.1	  	$	16.3	  	$	12.9	

RATIO OF EARNINGS TO COMBINED FIXED CHARGES AND PREFERRED STOCK DIVIDEND REQUIREMENTS	 	 	14.8x	 	 	 	11.5x	 	 	 	22.1x	  	 	23.3x	  	 	23.1x	

Exhibit 21
CLIFFS NATURAL RESOURCES INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
As of February 15, 2009

Name	  	Cliffs’
Effective
Ownership	 	 	Place of Incorporation	
Cliffs Natural Resources Inc.	  			 	Ohio, USA	
Anglo Ferrous Amapá Mineração Ltda.	  	30	%	 	Brazil	
Anglo Ferrous Logística Amapá Ltda.	  	30	%	 	Brazil	
Arnaud Railway Company	  	26.830	%	 	Quebec, Canada	
AusQuest Limited	  	30	%	 	WA Australia	
Beard Pinnacle, LLC	  	100	%	 	Oklahoma, USA	
CALipso Sales Company	  	82.395	%	 	Delaware, USA	
Centennial Asset Participações Amapá S.A.	  	100	%	 	Brazil	
Cleveland-Cliffs International Holding Company	  	100	%	 	Delaware, USA	
Cleveland-Cliffs Ore Corporation	  	100	%	 	Ohio, USA	
CLF PinnOak LLC	  	100	%	 	Delaware, USA	
Cliffs (Gibraltar) Holdings Limited	  	100	%	 	Gibraltar	
Cliffs (Gibraltar) Holdings Limited Luxembourg S.C.S.	  	100	%	 	Luxembourg	
Cliffs (Gibraltar) Limited	  	100	%	 	Gibraltar	
Cliffs (Gibraltar) Mather I Limited	  	100	%	 	Gibraltar	
Cliffs (Gibraltar) Mather II Limited	  	100	%	 	Gibraltar	
Cliffs (Gibraltar) Mather III Limited	  	100	%	 	Gibraltar	
Cliffs (US) Mather I LLC	  	100	%	 	Delaware, USA	
Cliffs and Associates Limited	  	82.395	%	 	Trinidad	
Cliffs Asia Pacific Iron Ore Finance Pty Ltd	  	100	%	 	WA Australia	
Cliffs Asia Pacific Iron Ore Holdings Pty Ltd (fka Portman Limited)	  	100	%	 	SA Australia	
Cliffs Asia Pacific Iron Ore Investments Pty Ltd	  	100	%	 	QLD Australia	
Cliffs Asia Pacific Iron Ore Management Pty Ltd	  	100	%	 	NSW Australia	
Cliffs Asia Pacific Iron Ore Pty Ltd (fka Portman Iron Ore Limited)	  	100	%	 	NSW Australia	
Cliffs Australia Coal Pty Ltd	  	100	%	 	QLD Australia	
Cliffs Australia Holdings Pty Ltd	  	100	%	 	QLD Australia	
Cliffs Australia Washplant Operations Pty Ltd	  	100	%	 	QLD Australia	
Cliffs Biwabik Ore Corporation	  	100	%	 	Minnesota, USA	
Cliffs Brown B.V.	  	100	%	 	The Netherlands	
Cliffs Empire, Inc.	  	100	%	 	Michigan, USA	
Cliffs Erie L.L.C.	  	100	%	 	Delaware, USA	
Cliffs Exploraciones Peru S.A.C.	  	100	%	 	Peru	
Cliffs Greene B.V.	  	100	%	 	The Netherlands	
Cliffs Harrison B.V.	  	100	%	 	The Netherlands	
Cliffs International Lux I S.à r.l.	  	100	%	 	Luxembourg	
Cliffs International Lux II S.à r.l.	  	100	%	 	Luxembourg	
Cliffs International Lux IV S.à r.l. (In Liquidation)	  	100	%	 	Luxembourg	
Cliffs International Luxembourg S.à r.l.	  	100	%	 	Luxembourg	
Cliffs International Management Company LLC	  	100	%	 	Delaware, USA	
Cliffs International Mineração Brasil Ltda.	  	100	%	 	Brazil	
Cliffs International Participações Brasil Ltda.	  	100	%	 	Brazil	
Cliffs Marquette, Inc.	  	100	%	 	Michigan, USA	
Cliffs Merger Sub, Inc.	  	100	%	 	Delaware, USA	
Cliffs Minera Peru S.A.C.	  	100	%	 	Peru	
Cliffs Mineração S.A.	  	100	%	 	Brazil	
Cliffs Mining Company (fka Pickands Mather & Co.)	  	100	%	 	Delaware, USA	

						
Name	  	Cliffs’
Effective
Ownership	 	 	Place of Incorporation	
Cliffs Mining Services Company	  	100	%	 	Delaware, USA	
Cliffs Minnesota Mining Company	  	100	%	 	Delaware, USA	
Cliffs Natural Gas Company	  	100	%	 	Delaware, USA	
Cliffs Natural Resources Holdings Pty Ltd	  	100	%	 	WA Australia	
Cliffs Natural Resources Luxembourg S.à r.l.	  	100	%	 	Luxembourg	
Cliffs Natural Resources Pty Ltd (fka Cliffs Asia-Pacific Pty Limited)	  	100	%	 	WA Australia	
Cliffs Netherlands B.V.	  	100	%	 	The Netherlands	
Cliffs North American Coal LLC (fka PinnOak Resources, LLC)	  	100	%	 	Delaware, USA	
Cliffs Oil Shale Corp.	  	100	%	 	Colorado, USA	
Cliffs Reduced Iron Corporation	  	100	%	 	Delaware, USA	
Cliffs Reduced Iron Management Company	  	100	%	 	Delaware, USA	
Cliffs Renewable Energies LLC	  	100	%	 	Delaware, USA	
Cliffs Sales Company (fka Northshore Sales Company)	  	100	%	 	Ohio, USA	
Cliffs Scovil B.V.	  	100	%	 	The Netherlands	
Cliffs Sterling B.V.	  	100	%	 	The Netherlands	
Cliffs Technical Products LLC	  	100	%	 	Delaware, USA	
Cliffs TIOP, Inc. (fka Cliffs MC Empire, Inc.)	  	100	%	 	Michigan, USA	
Cliffs UTAC Holding LLC	  	100	%	 	Delaware, USA	
Cockatoo Island Holdings Pty Ltd	  	100	%	 	NSW Australia	
Cockatoo Island Project	  	50	%	 	SA Australia	
Empire Iron Mining Partnership	  	79	%	 	Michigan, USA	
Esperance Iron Limited	  	100	%	 	WA Australia	
Golden West Resources Limited	  	16.960	%	 	WA Australia	
Hibbing Development Company	  	39	%	 	Minnesota, USA	
Hibbing Taconite Company	  	23	%	 	Minnesota, USA	
Huincho Peru SRL	  	51	%	 	Peru	
IronUnits LLC	  	100	%	 	Delaware, USA	
Knoll Lake Minerals Limited	  	15.632	%	 	Canada	
Koolyanobbing Iron Pty Ltd	  	100	%	 	WA Australia	
Lake Superior & Ishpeming Railroad Company	  	100	%	 	Michigan, USA	
MABCO Steam Company, LLC	  	40.467	%	 	Delaware, USA	
Marquette Iron Mining Partnership	  	100	%	 	Michigan, USA	
Marquette Range Coal Service Company	  	82.086	%	 	Michigan, USA	
Michigan Iron Nugget LLC	  	50	%	 	Delaware, USA	
Midway Ore Company Ltd. — Minerais Midway Ltee	  	100	%	 	Quebec, Canada	
Northern Conservation, LLC	  	100	%	 	Minnesota, USA	
Northern Land Company Limited	  	13.410	%	 	Newfoundland, Canada	
Northshore Mining Company	  	100	%	 	Delaware, USA	
Oak Grove Land Company, LLC	  	100	%	 	Delaware, USA	
Oak Grove Resources, LLC	  	100	%	 	Delaware, USA	
Pelsoil Limited	  	100	%	 	Australia	
Pickands Hibbing Corporation	  	100	%	 	Minnesota, USA	
Pinnacle Land Company, LLC	  	100	%	 	Delaware, USA	
Pinnacle Mining Company, LLC	  	100	%	 	Delaware, USA	
PinnOak Coal Sales, LLC	  	100	%	 	Delaware, USA	
Portman Coal Investments Pty Ltd	  	100	%	 	WA Australia	
Portman Mining Limited	  	100	%	 	NA Australia	
Renewafuel, LLC	  	70	%	 	Minnesota, USA	
Republic Wetlands Preserve LLC	  	100	%	 	Michigan, USA	
Seignelay Resources, Inc. (fka Angola Services Corporation)	  	100	%	 	Delaware, USA	

						
Name	  	Cliffs’
Effective
Ownership	 	 	Place of Incorporation	
Silver Bay Power Company	  	100	%	 	Delaware, USA	
Sonoma Coal Project	  	8.333	%	 	QLD Australia	
Sonoma Mine Management Pty Ltd	  	45	%	 	QLD Australia	
Syracuse Mining Company	  	100	%	 	Minnesota, USA	
The Cleveland-Cliffs Iron Company	  	100	%	 	Ohio, USA	
The Cleveland-Cliffs Steamship Company	  	100	%	 	Delaware, USA	
Tilden Mining Company L.C.	  	85	%	 	Michigan, USA	
Twin Falls Power Corporation Limited	  	6.866	%	 	Canada	
United Taconite LLC	  	100	%	 	Delaware, USA	
Wabush Iron Co. Limited	  	100	%	 	Ohio, USA	
Wabush Lake Railway Company, Limited	  	26.830	%	 	Newfoundland, Canada	
Wabush Mines	  	26.830	%	 	Newfoundland, Canada	

Exhibit 23
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
We consent to the incorporation by reference in:
Registration Statement No. 333-30391 on Form S-8 pertaining to the 1992 Incentive Equity Plan (as amended and restated as of May 13, 1997) and the related prospectus;
Registration Statement No. 333-56661 on Form S-8 (as amended by Post-Effective Amendment No. 1) pertaining to the Northshore Mining Company and Silver Bay Power Company Retirement Saving Plan and the related prospectus;
Registration Statement No. 333-06049 on Form S-8 pertaining to the Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. Nonemployee Directors’ Compensation Plan;
Registration Statement No. 333-84479 on Form S-8 pertaining to the 1992 Incentive Equity Plan (as amended and restated as of May 11, 1999); and
Registration Statement No. 333-64008 on Form S-8 (as amended by Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 and Post-Effective Amendment No. 2) pertaining to the Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. Nonemployee Directors’ Compensation Plan (as amended and restated as of January 1, 2004);
of our reports dated February 26, 2009 relating to the financial statements and financial statement schedule of Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. (which report expresses an unqualified opinion and includes an explanatory paragraph relating to the adoption of new accounting standards), and the effectiveness of Cliffs Natural Resources Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting appearing in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. for the year ended December 31, 2008.

/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP	
	
Cleveland, Ohio	
February 26, 2009	

Exhibit 24
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that the undersigned Directors and officers of Cliffs Natural Resources Inc., an Ohio corporation (“Company”), hereby constitute and appoint Joseph A. Carrabba, Laurie Brlas, Terry Paradie, and George W. Hawk, Jr. and each of them, their true and lawful attorney or attorneys-in-fact, with full power of substitution and revocation, for them and in their name, place and stead, to sign on their behalf as a Director or officer of the Company, or both, as the case may be, an Annual Report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008, and to sign any and all amendments to such Annual Report, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorney or attorneys-in-fact, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises, as fully to all intents and purposes as they might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorney or attorneys-in-fact or any of them or their substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Executed as of the 26th day of February, 2009.

/s/ J. A. Carrabba	 		 	/s/ R. Phillips	
J. A. Carrabba
Chairman, President and Chief
Executive Officer	 		 	R. Phillips, Director	
			
/s/ R. C. Cambre	 		 	/s/ R. K. Riederer	
R. C. Cambre, Director	 		 	R. K. Riederer, Director	
			
/s/ S. M. Cunningham	 		 	/s/ A. Schwartz	
S. M. Cunningham, Director	 		 	A. Schwartz, Director	
			
/s/ B. J. Eldridge	 		 	/s/ L. Brlas	
B. J. Eldridge, Director	 		 	L. Brlas
Executive Vice President and Chief
Financial Officer	
			
/s/ S. M. Green	 		 	/s/ T. M. Paradie	
S. M. Green, Director	 		 	T. M. Paradie
Vice President and Corporate Controller	
			
/s/ J. D. Ireland, III	 		 	 	
J. D. Ireland, III, Director	 		 		
			
/s/ F. R. McAllister	 		 	 	
F. R. McAllister, Director	 		 		

Exhibit 31(a)
CERTIFICATION
I, Joseph A. Carrabba, certify that:
 
1.	I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Cliffs Natural Resources Inc.;	
 
2.	Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;	
 
3.	Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;	
 
4.	The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:	
 
 	(a)	Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this annual report is being prepared;	
 
 	(b)	Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;	
 
 	(c)	Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and	
 
 	(d)	Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and	
 
5.	The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):	
 
 	(a)	All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and	
 
 	(b)	Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.	

				
Date:	 	February 26, 2009	 	By: 	 	/s/     Joseph A. Carrabba	
	 		 		 	Joseph A. Carrabba	
	 		 		 	Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer	

Exhibit 31(b)
CERTIFICATION
I, Laurie Brlas, certify that:
 
1.	I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Cliffs Natural Resources Inc.;	
 
2.	Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;	
 
3.	Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;	
 
4.	The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:	
 
 	(a)	Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this annual report is being prepared;	
 
 	(b)	Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;	
 
 	(c)	Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and	
 
 	(d)	Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and	
 
5.	The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):	
 
 	(a)	All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and	
 
 	(b)	Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.	

Date:  February 26, 2009	 	By: 	 	/s/    Laurie Brlas	
	 		 	Laurie Brlas	
	 		 	Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer	

Exhibit 32(a)
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Annual Report of Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Form 10-K”), I, Joseph A. Carrabba, Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to such officer’s knowledge:
 
 	(1)	The Form 10-K fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78m or 78o(d)); and	
 
 	(2)	The information contained in the Form 10-K fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company as of the dates and for the periods expressed in the Form 10-K.	
Date: February 26, 2009
			
By:	 	/s/    Joseph A. Carrabba	
	 	Joseph A. Carrabba	
	 	Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer	

Exhibit 32(b)
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Annual Report of Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Form 10-K”), I, Laurie Brlas, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to such officer’s knowledge:
 
 	(1)	The Form 10-K fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78m or 78o(d)); and	
 
 	(2)	The information contained in the Form 10-K fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company as of the dates and for the periods expressed in the Form 10-K.	
Date: February 26, 2009
			
By:	 	/s/     Laurie Brlas	
	 	Laurie Brlas	
	 	Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer	

Exhibit 99(a)
Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. and Subsidiaries
Schedule II — Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
(Dollars in Millions)

 	  	 	  	Additions	 	 	 	  	 	
Classification	  	Balance
at
Beginning
of Year	  	Charged
to Cost
and
Expenses	 	 	Charged
to Other
Accounts	  	Acquisition	 	 	Deductions	  	Balance
at End
of Year	
Year Ended December 31, 2008:	  			  				 			  				 			  			
Deferred Tax Valuation Allowance	  	$	26.3	  	$	9.5	 	 	$	8.1	  	$	(13.3	)	 	$	13.0	  	$	17.6	
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts	  	 	—  	  	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	  	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	  	 	—  	
Year Ended December 31, 2007:	  			  				 			  				 			  			
Deferred Tax Valuation Allowance	  	$	11.9	  	$	13.0	 	 	$	1.4	  	$	—  	 	 	$	—  	  	$	26.3	
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts	  	 	—  	  	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	  	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	  	 	—  	
Year Ended December 31, 2006:	  			  				 			  				 			  			
Deferred Tax Valuation Allowance	  	$	11.1	  	$	—  	 	 	$	0.8	  	$	—  	 	 	$	—  	  	$	11.9	
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts	  	 	2.9	  	 	(2.9	)	 	 	—  	  	 	—  	 	 	 	—  	  	 	—