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EFFECTIVE AUGUST 23RD, 2004
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 8-K
CURRENT REPORT
Pursuant to Section 13 OR 15(d) of
The Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported) November 11, 2005
ROYAL GOLD, INC.
 
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 	 	 	 	 	
Delaware	 	001-13357	 	84-0835164	
 	
(State or other jurisdiction
of incorporation)	 	(Commission
File Number)	 	(IRS Employer
Identification No.)	
 	 	 	
1660 Wynkoop Street, Suite 1000, Denver, CO	 	80202-1132	
 	
(Address of principal executive offices)	 	(Zip Code)	
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code 303-573-1660
 
(Former name or former address, if changed since last report.)
Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions (see General Instruction A.2. below):

o	 	Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)	

o	 	Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)	

o	 	Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))	

o	 	Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))	

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

									
	Item 5.05 Amendments to the Registrant’s Code of Ethics, or Waiver of a Provision of the Code of Ethics	
	Item 5.03 Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year	
	Item 9.01 Financial Statements and Exhibits	
SIGNATURES	
Exhibit Index	
Amended Code of Ethics	
Amended and Restated Bylaws	

Table of Contents

Item 5.05	 	Amendments to the Registrant’s Code of Ethics, or Waiver of a Provision of the Code of Ethics	
On November 8, 2005, the Company’s Compensation, Nominating and Governance Committee (the “Committee”) recommended and the Board of Directors approved an amendment to the Company’s Code of Business Conduct and Ethics under the section titled “Waivers.”

Item 5.03	 	Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year	
On November 9, 2005, the Committee recommended and the Board of Directors approved an amendment to Article III, Section 2, of the Company’s Bylaws stating that the number of members of the Board of Directors shall be no more than eight.

Item 9.01	 	Financial Statements and Exhibits	
(c) Exhibits.
Exhibit No.
 	 	 	
99.1	 	Amended Code of Ethics	
99.2	 	Amended and Restated Bylaws	

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Table of Contents

SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Royal Gold, Inc.
(Registrant)	
 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	By:	 	/s/ Karen Gross	
 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Name:
Title:	 	Karen Gross
Vice President & Corporate Secretary	
 	 	 	 	 	
Dated: November 11, 2005	 	 	 	 	
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Table of Contents
Exhibit Index
 	 	 	
Exhibit No.	 	Description	
 	 	 	
99.1	 	Amended Code of Ethics	
99.2	 	Amended and Restated Bylaws	

 

Exhibit 99.1

CODE OF BUSINESS CONDUCT AND ETHICS

 

ROYAL GOLD, INC.
CODE OF BUSINESS CONDUCT AND ETHICS
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
TABLE OF CONTENTS	 	PAGE	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST	 	 	3	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION	 	 	4	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS, RULES AND REGULATIONS	 	 	5	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
ROYAL GOLD ASSETS	 	 	5	 	
 	 	1. Protection and Proper Use of Company Assets	 	 	5	 	
 	 	2. Corporate Opportunities	 	 	5	 	
 	 	3. Software	 	 	5	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
EXPENSE REIMBURSEMENT	 	 	6	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
EXPORTS	 	 	6	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
FRAUDULENT OR DISHONEST CONDUCT	 	 	6	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
FINANCIAL REPORTING	 	 	6	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
DUTY TO REPORT QUESTIONABLE ACCOUNTING OR AUDITING MATTERS	 	 	6	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
EMPLOYEE RELATIONS	 	 	8	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
RELATIONS WITH GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS	 	 	8	 	
 	 	1. Gifts, Favors and Bribery	 	 	8	 	
 	 	2 Foreign Corrupt Practices Act	 	 	8	 	
 	 	3. Political Contributions	 	 	10	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
CORPORATE AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY	 	 	10	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
REPORTING VIOLATIONS	 	 	10	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
WAIVERS	 	 	11	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
PROTECTION FOR PERSONS REPORTING QUESTIONABLE BEHAVIOR	 	 	11	 	
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ROYAL GOLD, INC.
CODE OF BUSINESS CONDUCT AND ETHICS
     Royal Gold, Inc. and its employees, officers and directors have a well deserved reputation for honesty, integrity and fair dealing. Business regulations now call for the Company to put in writing our code of ethics and conduct.
     To that end, we have adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics to reinforce our continuing commitment to the maintenance of the highest standards of honesty, integrity and trustworthiness. The Code is broadly stated and is not intended to be a complete set of instructions for behavior in every conceivable situation. Instead, it is intended to provide a framework to guide each employee, officer and director in exercising his or her good judgment in all matters relating to the conduct of our business.
     Throughout the Code, the terms “Royal Gold,” “Company,” “we,” “our” and “us” refer to Royal Gold Inc. and any and all of Royal Gold’s subsidiary companies, to each person within Royal Gold, and to any person who represents Royal Gold or any part of the organization.
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
     A conflict of interest occurs when an individual’s private interest interferes — or even appears to interfere — with the interests of Royal Gold as a whole. Conflicts of interest, potential conflicts of interest and even the appearance of a conflict of interest must be avoided due to the potential for injury to Royal Gold or its reputation.
     Employees, officers and directors should avoid situations involving a conflict or the appearance of conflict between their duty to Royal Gold and their own self-interest. Royal Gold’s business must be conducted solely for the best interests of the Company, in an honest and ethical manner. No employee, officer or director may, directly or indirectly, use his or her decision-making authority or position to obtain a personal benefit from any sale, purchase or other activity of Royal Gold.
     Among the most common situations that create conflicts of interest are accepting gifts or gratuities from customers or suppliers, employment by another company while continuing to be an employee of Royal Gold, ownership of a part of another company or business that has interests adverse to Royal Gold’s or an interest in Royal Gold, close or family relationships with suppliers or competitors, and improper communications with competitors or suppliers. These types of situations must be reported and discussed with executive management before being entered into.
     Additionally, as a general policy, individuals should not do business on behalf of Royal Gold with a close personal friend or relative. If such transactions cannot reasonably be avoided, they must first be approved by Royal Gold executive management. An employee’s supervisor can assist in obtaining the necessary approval. An officer or director should seek such approval from the Chairman and CEO.
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ROYAL GOLD, INC.
CODE OF BUSINESS CONDUCT AND ETHICS
     Furthermore, a potential conflict of interest exists for individuals whose responsibilities allow them to give preferential treatment to a supplier or customer in exchange for anything of personal benefit to themselves or to their friends or families. Such situations could interfere with an individual’s ability to make judgments solely in Royal Gold’s best interest; thus they create the appearance of a conflict of interest.
     The giving or receiving of a business gift by an employee, officer or director may present a conflict of interest and in some cases may be prohibited by law or regulation. Employees, officers and directors may not accept gifts or entertainment from customers or suppliers or potential customers or potential suppliers other than those of limited value, such as meals, event tickets, golf or sporting outings, hospitality suites, calendars, flowers, fruit, candy, books and advertising novelties.
     It is a violation of this Code for any individual to solicit or encourage a supplier to give any item or service to the individual regardless of its value, no matter how small. Royal Gold’s suppliers will retain their confidence in the objectivity and integrity of Royal Gold only if each individual strictly observes this Code. If an officer, director or employee, or if a family member of an officer, director or employee receives, an unsolicited gift that is prohibited by this Code, that person shall report the gift to the Chairman an CEO, and return the gift to the person who gave it.
CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION
     We consider and treat as “confidential information” all data, reports, negotiations, and other information that is not already known to the public. It is particularly important to keep in mind that confidential information is not limited to information generated or produced by Royal Gold or its affiliates. We also receive information from third parties with whom we have contractual relationships or may be conducting negotiations and to whom we are contractually committed to treat their information as confidential.
     In carrying out Royal Gold’s business, employees, officers or directors may learn confidential or proprietary information about Royal Gold, its business associates, prospective business associates or other third parties. Employees, officers and directors must maintain the confidentiality of all information so entrusted to them, except when disclosure is authorized or legally mandated. Confidential information must not be used for personal gain. Any employee, officer or director who is uncertain about whether certain information is confidential or whether certain disclosures of confidential information are permissible should consult the Chairman and CEO.
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ROYAL GOLD, INC.
CODE OF BUSINESS CONDUCT AND ETHICS
COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS, RULES AND REGULATIONS
     All employees, officers and directors must respect and comply with applicable governmental laws, rules and regulations (including insider trading laws). It is the personal responsibility of each employee, officer and director to adhere to the standards and restrictions imposed by those laws. Employees, officers and directors should seek advice from supervisors, managers or other appropriate personnel if there are questions regarding the laws, rules and regulations that apply to Royal Gold’s business.
     Generally, it is illegal and against Royal Gold’s policy for any employee, officer or director who is aware of material nonpublic information relating to Royal Gold to buy or sell any securities of Royal Gold, or recommend that another person buy, sell or hold Royal Gold’s securities. More detailed rules governing the trading of securities by employees, officers and directors are set forth in Royal Gold’s Statement of Company Policy Regarding Insider Trading (“the Insider Trading Policy”) (copy attached). Any employee, officer and director who is uncertain about his or her responsibilities under the Insider Trading Policy should consult the Corporate Secretary or the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer before making any such purchase or sale.
ROYAL GOLD ASSETS
     1.  Protection and Proper Use of Company Assets . All employees, officers and directors should protect Royal Gold’s assets and ensure their efficient use. All assets should be used for legitimate Royal Gold business purposes only. Any suspected incident of fraud or theft should be immediately reported to an appropriate supervisor for investigation. The obligation of employees, officers and directors to protect Royal Gold assets includes its confidential and proprietary information.
     2.  Corporate Opportunities . Employees, officers and directors are prohibited from (a) taking for themselves (or directing to a third party) personal opportunities that are discovered through the use of Royal Gold property, information or position, unless the Company has already been offered the opportunity and refused it; (b) using corporate property, information or position for personal gain; and (c) competing with Royal Gold. Employees, officers and directors owe a duty to the Company to advance its legitimate interests when the opportunity to do so arises.
     3.  Software . Royal Gold licenses the use of computer software from a variety of vendors. Royal Gold does not own the software or its documentation. Software is normally copyrighted, and no individual may copy or distribute the software unless expressly permitted to do so under the applicable license. Doing so would violate the license and subject the individual and potentially Royal Gold to exposure to substantial penalties.
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CODE OF BUSINESS CONDUCT AND ETHICS
EXPENSE REIMBURSEMENT
     All expenses must be detailed on expense reports consistent with Royal Gold’s business expense reimbursement policy.
EXPORTS
     Exports of equipment, technology, software and technical data are regulated by various different countries including the United States. Many people do not recognize that the carrying of an item on an overseas trip where the item is not for sale constitutes an export that may require a license. Similarly, sharing information with other individuals in foreign countries via email or regular mail, even if you are not intending to do anything more than have someone review the material and comment on it, may require a license. Likewise, the shipment of Royal Gold equipment to a Royal Gold project outside of the country of origin may require a license. The broad scope of these regulations, and the relatively low level of technology of the equipment, hardware, software and technical information that is regulated, is often misunderstood. Questions and requests for assistance in this area should be directed to the Chairman and CEO.
FRAUDULENT OR DISHONEST CONDUCT
     Royal Gold’s interests are never furthered by the fraudulent or illegal conduct of its employees, officers or directors. Royal Gold expects its employees, officers and directors to deal fairly and honestly with all persons with whom Royal Gold does business, so as to maintain its reputation for honesty and integrity in all its business relationships. Under no circumstances should an employee, officer or director offer any false, fictitious or fraudulent information, report or claim to another person, or take unfair advantage of anyone through inappropriate manipulation, concealment, abuse of privileged information, misrepresentation of material facts or any other similar practice. Further, the use of fraudulent or illegal tactics (including trespass on lands owned by others or the offering of bribes) by employees, officers, directors or agents of Royal Gold is prohibited.
FINANCIAL REPORTING
     Because Royal Gold is a public company, it is of critical importance that Royal Gold’s public disclosures, including filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, be complete, fair, accurate, timely and understandable. Depending on his or her position with the Company, an employee, officer or director may be called upon to provide necessary information to assure that Royal Gold’s public reports are complete, fair and understandable. Royal Gold requires that all employees, officers and directors provide prompt, accurate and complete answers to all inquiries relating to public disclosure requirements.
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ROYAL GOLD, INC.
CODE OF BUSINESS CONDUCT AND ETHICS
     Royal Gold must comply with extensive and complex accounting requirements. To meet these requirements, Royal Gold must rely upon each individual’s truthfulness in accounting practices. All books, records, accounts and financial statements must be maintained in reasonable detail, must appropriately reflect Royal Gold’s transactions and must conform to legal requirements and Royal Gold’s system of internal controls. There should be no unrecorded or “off the books” funds, assets or transactions unless permitted by law and disclosed to and approved in writing by executive management. Providing false or misleading information in connection with any aspect of Royal Gold’s business or operations will not be tolerated.
     No employee, officer or director should take any action intended to improperly influence Royal Gold’s auditors or the conduct of Royal Gold’s audits for the purpose of rendering Royal Gold’s financial statements misleading.
DUTY TO REPORT QUESTIONABLE ACCOUNTING OR AUDITING MATTERS
     All employees, officers and directors are responsible for reporting to Royal Gold any questionable situation regarding Royal Gold’s accounting, internal accounting controls or auditing matters, or a concern regarding questionable accounting or auditing matters that come to their attention.
     If a complaint regarding accounting, internal accounting controls or auditing matters is brought to the attention of an executive officer of Royal Gold, either by an employee or a third party, the executive officer is required to report the complaint directly to the Chairman and CEO. If a complaint regarding accounting, internal accounting controls or auditing matters is brought to the attention of a non-executive employee of Royal Gold, such employee may either (a) report such complaint directly to his or her supervisor or (b) submit the complaint to the Chairman and CEO.
     All reports submitted by employees of Royal Gold regarding questionable accounting or auditing matters will be treated, to the extent possible, as confidential.
     Royal Gold will not tolerate retaliation against any person who in good faith submits a concern or complaint or participates in any investigation conducted pursuant to these procedures. Any suspected retaliation should be reported immediately to the Chairman and CEO. Such retaliation is extremely serious misconduct and may result in discipline, up to and including discharge of the person(s) engaging in any retaliatory actions. Retaliation may also subject the person(s) responsible to personal legal and financial liability, and in certain cases may be a criminal offense.
     Questions concerning these procedures may be directed to the Chairman and CEO.
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ROYAL GOLD, INC.
CODE OF BUSINESS CONDUCT AND ETHICS
EMPLOYEE RELATIONS
     It is Royal Gold’s policy and practice not to discriminate against any employee because of race, color, religion, national origin, sex, sexual orientation, age, or physical or other disability. Royal Gold desires to create a challenging and supportive environment where individual contributions and teamwork are highly valued. In order to establish such an environment, all individuals are responsible for supporting Royal Gold’s equal employment opportunity policies.
RELATIONS WITH GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS
     1. Gifts, Favors and Bribery
     Public officials play a special role in society. Conduct that may be acceptable in the commercial business environment may not be acceptable in relations with public officials. Royal Gold employees, officers and directors may use only appropriate and lawful means to persuade public officials to render decisions or exercise discretion to the benefit of Royal Gold. Efforts in matters affecting Royal Gold’s interests must be based solely on the merits and pursuant to proper procedures.
     Employees, officers and directors may not offer, provide or solicit, directly or indirectly, any special treatment or favor from a public official in return for anything of economic value or the promise or expectation of future value or gain. Further, because of the potential for misunderstanding, Royal Gold may not confer special treatment, favors, benefits or gifts upon public officials even if there is no matter pending before the public official. Often, individual agencies or governmental units have detailed written codes of conduct relating to relations between public officials and their constituency. Some allow acceptance of gifts or entertainment of nominal value, such as a lunch or other entertainment, but many do not. Individuals should familiarize themselves with and adhere to the written codes of conduct, rules and regulations of governmental units within their area of responsibility. “Unwritten” custom or practice may not conform to written code or law. In determining whether to follow an “unwritten” customer practice which does not conform to written rule or regulation, consult with executive management, and, if found to be acceptable, keep a record of such “customary” expenses.
     2.  Foreign Corrupt Practices Act
     The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act sets forth additional requirements for Royal Gold’s relationships with non-U.S. government representatives. As a United States based company, Royal Gold is required to adhere to all standards set forth in the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act regardless of the nationality of the individual acting on behalf of Royal Gold. First, the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act sets forth financial recording requirements. It requires that Royal Gold maintain books and records that accurately and fairly reflect all transactions, that the Royal Gold maintain a system of internal accounting controls to ensure that assets are safeguarded, that
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ROYAL GOLD, INC.
CODE OF BUSINESS CONDUCT AND ETHICS
transactions conform to management’s authorizations and that Royal Gold’s accounting records are accurate. No individual may falsely report transactions or fail to report the existence of false documentation in the accounting records. An example of such improper documentation would be the disguising of an illegal bribe as a consulting fee. Individuals certifying the correctness of records, including vouchers or bills, must have a reasonable basis to believe that the information is correct and proper.
     The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act also requires that U.S. business relations with foreign government representatives conform to the standards that exist in the U.S., even if a different business ethic is prevalent in the other country. Accordingly, no person or enterprise acting on behalf of Royal Gold, directly or indirectly, may offer a gift, payment or bribe, or anything else of value, whether directly or indirectly, to any foreign official, foreign political party or party official, or candidate for foreign political office for the purpose of influencing an official act or decision (such as the issuance of an exploration permit or concession), or seeking influence with a foreign government in order to obtain, retain or direct business to Royal Gold or to any person. In short such activity cannot be used to improve the business environment for Royal Gold in any way. Thus, even if such payment is customary and generally thought to be legal in the host country, it is forbidden by the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and violates U.S. law, unless it is (1) expressly authorized by a written law of the host country, or (2) a reasonable and bona fide expenditure, such as travel and lodging expenses that is directly related to the promotion, demonstration or explanation of products or services; or the execution or performance of a contract with a foreign government or government agency. As is the case under U.S. law, even inexpensive gifts to government or political party officials, such as tickets to sporting events, may be prohibited under foreign local law and therefore could constitute a violation of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. If questions arise with respect to expenses to be incurred on behalf of foreign officials, consult with the executive management before Royal Gold pays or agrees to pay such expenses.
     Some “expediting” payments are authorized under the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. Such payments must be directly related to nondiscretionary conduct by lower level bureaucrats and unrelated to efforts by a company to obtain significant concessions, permits or approvals. Examples include permits relating to qualifying to do business in a foreign country, processing of visas and work orders, or obtaining police protection. Such payments do not include payments of any kind relating to terms of continuing or new business agreements. Because a recent United States Court of Appeals decision has created a great deal of uncertainty as to what constitutes a permissible “expediting” payment, no employee, officer or director shall make any such payment without first having submitted to the Chairman and CEO a complete and accurate description of the proposed payment and received written authorization from the Chairman and CEO to make the proposed payment.
     A violation of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act can result in criminal charges against Royal Gold, its officers, its directors and the individuals directly and/or indirectly committing the violation, regardless of the person’s nationality.
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CODE OF BUSINESS CONDUCT AND ETHICS
     3.  Political Contributions
     Many laws around the world including federal U.S. law and many U.S. state laws prohibit or regulate contributions by the companies to political parties or candidates. Thus such contributions must not be made on behalf of Royal Gold without first consulting executive management. The term “political contributions” includes, in addition to direct cash contributions, the donation of property or services and the purchase of tickets to fund-raising events. Employees, officers or directors may make direct contributions of their own money in their own names, either directly to candidates or to political action committees, but contributions are not reimbursable.
CORPORATE AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY
     Royal Gold is committed to preserve and protect the environment, promote the health and safety of its employees and be an exemplary corporate citizen. The Company’s Environmental, Health and Safety Policy specifies that any mineral exploration programs it may conduct are performed in compliance with all the health, safety and environmental laws and regulations in the communities in which the Company operates; that the Company will apply responsible standards and best practices; and that the Company will require its employees and contractors to meet or exceed such performance standards. Likewise, we expect the operators of the properties over which we hold royalties to strive for responsible mining.
REPORTING VIOLATIONS
     Compliance with these rules, standards and principles is mandatory for all employees, officers and directors, and prompt reporting of any possible violations of the Code is encouraged. Reports should be made to a member of the executive management. An employee’s supervisor may assist in reporting the violation, if appropriate. Alternatively, violations may be reported, on an anonymous basis, by (i) sending an unsigned letter to Karen Gross, Vice President and Corporate Secretary, 1660 Wynkoop Street, Suite 1000, Denver, Colorado 80202, or (ii) placing a telephone call to the Compliance Hotline which is monitored twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week, by a third party, and can be accessed at the toll free number publicized on the employee lunchroom bulletin board.
     All cases of questionable activity involving the Code or other potentially improper actions will be reviewed for appropriate action, discipline or corrective steps. Individuals are expected to cooperate in all investigations of violations. Whenever possible, Royal Gold will keep confidential the identity of individuals about or against whom allegations of violations are brought, unless or until it has been determined that a violation has occurred. Similarly, wherever possible, Royal Gold will keep confidential the identity of anyone reporting a possible violation. Reprisal against any individual who has, in good faith, reported a violation or suspected violation is strictly prohibited.
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ROYAL GOLD, INC.
CODE OF BUSINESS CONDUCT AND ETHICS
     Royal Gold will take prompt and consistent action whenever it determines that there has been a violation of the Code.
WAIVERS
     It may be appropriate for a provision of the Code to be waived in a particular circumstance. Any employee or officer seeking a waiver should speak to the Chairman and CEO who will likely need to involve other persons in consideration of the waiver request.
     Any waiver of a provision of this Code for a director or executive officer may only be made with the express approval of the Board of Directors, and must be promptly disclosed to shareholders as required by law.
PROTECTION FOR PERSONS REPORTING QUESTIONABLE BEHAVIOR
     We desire to foster an environment that allows employees, officers and directors to report violations without the fear of retaliation or retribution. Employees, officers and directors will not be disciplined, lose his or her job, or be retaliated against in any other way for asking questions or voicing concerns about legal or ethical obligations, as long as the employee, director or officer is acting in good faith. “Good faith” does not mean that you have to be right — but it does mean that you must believe that you are providing truthful information. The important thing is that you bring your question or concern to the Company’s attention through one of the available channels.
     Any person reporting a violation under this Code shall be able to choose whichever method they are most comfortable with to communicate their concern to the Company.
     Any employee, officer or director who retaliates against another employee, officer or director for reporting known or suspected violations of our legal or ethical obligations will be in violation of the Code and subject to disciplinary action, up to and including dismissal. Retaliation may also be a violation of the law, and as such, could subject both the individual offender and Royal Gold to legal liability.
     Additional questions about retaliation should be addressed to the Chairman and CEO.
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ROYAL GOLD, INC.
CODE OF BUSINESS CONDUCT AND ETHICS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
     I certify that I have carefully read and I understand the provisions of the Royal Gold, Inc. Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, and that I will comply with its terms.
     I have discussed with Royal Gold’s executive management any questions regarding the obligations of Royal Gold employees, officers and directors under the Code.
     I understand the meaning of a conflict of interest and have completed the 2004 Conflicts of Interests Disclosure Form.
     I will promptly advise Royal Gold of any changes in circumstances which relate to any potential or actual conflict of interests I may have with Royal Gold.

Signature	 	Date	

 	 	 	
Print Name	 	Title/Position	
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ROYAL GOLD, INC.
CODE OF BUSINESS CONDUCT AND ETHICS
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST DISCLOSURE
INSTRUCTIONS
After carefully reading the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics please complete the following conflicts of interest disclosure. Fill in your full name in the first paragraph and check the appropriate box after each statement. If you check the second box under any statement you must complete the statement to accurately reflect your interest or position. Please note that checking the second box does not necessarily mean you have a conflict of interest with Royal Gold but will provide full disclosure of any potential conflicts of interest which you may have so that a proper evaluation of your circumstances can be completed. Failure to truthfully complete this Disclosure form may result in disciplinary action.
I,                                                                , have read the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics and understand th e significance of identifying all conflicts of interest and potential conflicts of interests I may have with Royal Gold. Accordingly, I assert on behalf of myself, any partnership of which I am a member, any corporation of which I am an officer or director or which is controlled by me, my spouse and dependent children that:

 	I.	 	                     I do not have any material interests in or derive financial benefit from any enterprise that is a supplier, customer or competitor of Royal Gold or its subsidiaries or that is a party to a contract with Royal Gold or its subsidiaries.	
 		
 	 	 	                     I may have a material interest in or derive financial benefit from an enterprise that is a supplier, customer or competitor of Royal Gold or its subsidiaries or that is a party to a contract with Royal Gold or its subsidiaries.	
 		
 	 	 	EXPLAIN:	

 	II.	 	                     I do not have any interest in or derive financial or other material benefit from any mineral properties or royalties.	
 		
 	 	 	                     I have an interest in or derive financial or other material benefit from mineral properties or royalties.	
 		
 	 	 	EXPLAIN:	
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ROYAL GOLD, INC.
CODE OF BUSINESS CONDUCT AND ETHICS
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST DISCLOSURE

III.	 	                     I do not render services to or otherwise act as a consultant, agent, director, officer or employee of any enterprise that is a supplier, customer or competitor of Royal Gold or its subsidiaries.	
 		
 	 	                     I render services to or otherwise act as a consultant, agent, director, officer or employee of an enterprise that is a supplier, customer or competitor of Royal Gold or its subsidiaries.	
 		
 	 	EXPLAIN:	

IV.	 	                     I have not entered into any arrangement, express or implied, entitling me to fees, commissions or other payments, compensation or other consideration from any enterprise that is a supplier, customer, or competitor of Royal Gold or that is a party to a contract with Royal Gold.	
 		
 	 	                     I have entered into arrangements, express or implied, entitling me to fees, commissions or other payments, compensation or other consideration from any enterprise that is a supplier, customer, or competitor of Royal Gold or that is a party to a contract with Royal Gold.	
 		
 	 	EXPLAIN:	

V.	 	                     I am not acting as a consultant, independent contractor, agent, director, officer, employee or owner of any business enterprise or professional practice, other than Royal Gold or its subsidiaries.	
 		
 	 	                     I am acting as a consultant, independent contractor, agent, director, officer employee or owner of a business enterprise or professional practice, in addition to Royal Gold or its subsidiaries.	
 		
 	 	EXPLAIN:	
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CODE OF BUSINESS CONDUCT AND ETHICS
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST DISCLOSURE

VI.	 	                     I have no other conflicts of interest as such are described in Royal Gold’s Code of Business Conduct and Ethics.	
 		
 	 	                     I may have other conflicts or potential conflicts of interests as such are described in Royal Gold’s Code of Business Conduct and Ethics.	
 		
 	 	EXPLAIN:	
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ROYAL GOLD, INC.
CODE OF BUSINESS CONDUCT AND ETHICS
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST DISCLOSURE
      I understand that I have a continuing obligation to disclose any potential conflicts of interest to Royal Gold. I will promptly advise Royal Gold of any changes in circumstances that relate to the above statements and/or are subject to disclosure under the terms of Royal Gold’s policy on Conflicts of Interest. The statements I have asserted herein are true and accurate.
     I will promptly advise Royal Gold of any changes in circumstances that relate to the above statements and/or are subject to disclosure under the terms of Royal Gold’s policy on Conflicts of Interest. The statements I have asserted herein are true and accurate.

Signature	 	Date	

 	 	 	
Print Name	 	Title/Position	
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Exhibit 99.2
AMENDED AND RESTATED
BYLAWS
OF
ROYAL GOLD, INC.
ARTICLE I.
Offices
     Section 1. Business Offices . The principal office of the Corporation shall be located in Denver, Colorado. The Corporation may also have offices at such other places both within and without the State of Delaware and the State of Colorado as the board of directors may from time to time determine or the business of the Corporation may require.
     Section 2. Registered Office . The registered office of the Corporation shall be in the City of Wilmington, County of New Castle, State of Delaware. The registered office may be changed from time to time by the board of directors.
ARTICLE II.
Stockholders
     Section 1. Annual Meeting . An annual meeting of the stockholders shall be held on the first Tuesday in the month of December in each year, or on such other date as may be determined by the board of directors, for the purpose of electing directors and for the transaction of such other business as may come before the meeting. If the day fixed for the annual meeting shall be a legal holiday, such meeting shall be held on the next succeeding business day. If the election of directors shall not be held on the day designated for any annual meeting of the stockholders, or at any adjournment thereof, the board of directors shall cause the election to be held at a special meeting of the stockholders as soon thereafter as conveniently may be. Failure to hold an annual meeting as required by these bylaws shall not invalidate any action taken by the board of directors or officers of the Corporation.
     Section 2. Special Meetings . Special meetings of the stockholders, for any purpose or purposes, unless otherwise prescribed by statute, may be called at any time by the president or by the board of directors.
     Section 3. Place of Meeting . Each meeting of the stockholders shall be held at such place either within or outside Delaware or Colorado, as may be designated in the notice of meeting, or, if no place is designated in the notice, at the principal office of the Corporation.
     Section 4. Business Conducted at Meetings . At an annual meeting of the stockholders, only such business shall be conducted as shall have been properly brought before the meeting. To be properly brought before an annual meeting, business must be (a) specified in the
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notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto) given by or at the direction of the board of directors, (b) otherwise properly brought before the meeting by or at the direction of the board of directors, or (c) otherwise properly brought before the meeting by a stockholder. For business to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder, the stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the secretary of the Corporation. To be timely, a stockholder’s notice must be delivered to or mailed and received at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not less than thirty days nor more than fifty days prior to the meeting; provided, however, that in the event that less than forty days’ notice or prior public disclosure of the date of the meeting is given or made to stockholders, notice by the stockholder to be timely must be so received not later than the close of business on the tenth day following the date on which such notice of the date of the annual meeting was mailed or such public disclosure was made. A stockholder’s notice to the secretary shall set forth as to each matter the stockholder proposes to bring before the annual meeting (a) a description of the business desired to be brought before the annual meeting, which disclosure shall comply with the requirements applicable to such business for a proxy statement under Schedule 14A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), (b) the name and address, as they appear on the Corporation’s books, of the stockholder proposing such business, (c) the class and number of shares of the Corporation which are beneficially owned by the stockholder, and (d) any material interest of the stockholder in such business. Notwithstanding anything in the bylaws to the contrary, no business shall be conducted at an annual meeting except in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 4. The presiding officer of an annual meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare to the meeting that business was not properly brought before the meeting in accordance with the provisions of this Section 4 and, if he should so determine, he shall so declare to the meeting and any such business not properly brought before the meeting shall not be transacted.
     Section 5. Fixing Date for Determination of Stockholders of Record . For the purpose of determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof or entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights, or entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock or for any other lawful action, the board of directors may fix, in advance, a date as the record date for any such determination of stockholders, which date shall not be more than sixty nor less than ten days before the date of such meeting, nor more than sixty days prior to any other action. If no record date is fixed by the board of directors, then the record date shall be: (a) for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders, the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held and (b) for determining stockholders for any other purpose, the close of business on the day on which the board of directors adopts the resolution relating thereto. A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the board of directors may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting.
     Section 6. Notice of Meeting . Written notice stating the place, day and hour of the meeting, and, in the case of a special meeting, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called, shall be given not less than ten nor more than sixty days before the date of the meeting, unless otherwise required by statute, either personally or by mail, to each stockholder of record entitled to
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vote at such meeting. If mailed, such notice shall be deemed to be given when deposited in the United States mail, postage prepaid, directed to the stockholder at his address as it appears on the records of the Corporation. When a meeting is adjourned to another time or place, notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting if the time and place thereof are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken. At the adjourned meeting the Corporation may transact any business which might have been transacted at the original meeting. If the adjournment is for more than thirty days, or if after the adjournment a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting.
     Section 7. Voting Lists . The officer who has charge of the stock books of the Corporation shall prepare and make, at least ten days before every meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting, during ordinary business hours, for a period of at least ten days prior to the meeting, either at a place within the city where the meeting is to be held, which place shall be specified in the notice of the meeting, or, if not so specified, at the place where the meeting is to be held. The list shall also be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time thereof, and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present.
     Section 8. Proxies . Each stockholder entitled to vote at a meeting of stockholders or to express consent or dissent to corporate action in writing without a meeting may authorize another person or persons to act for him by proxy, but no such proxy shall be voted or acted upon after three years from its date, unless the proxy provides for a longer period.
     Section 9. Quorum and Required Vote . Except as otherwise provided by statute or by the certificate of incorporation, a majority of the outstanding shares of the Corporation entitled to vote, represented in person or by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at a meeting of stockholders. Except as otherwise provided by law, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, the affirmative vote of sixty percent of the shares represented at a meeting at which a quorum is present and entitled to vote on the subject matter shall be the act of the stockholders. If less than a majority of the outstanding shares are represented at a meeting, a majority of the shares so represented may adjourn the meeting from time to time in accordance with Section 5 of this Article, until a quorum shall be present or represented.
     Section 10. Voting of Shares . Unless otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation and subject to the provisions of Section 4 of this Article, each stockholder shall be entitled to one vote for each share of capital stock having voting rights held by such stockholder. In the election of directors each record holder of stock entitled to vote at such election shall have the right to vote the number of shares owned by him for as many persons as there are directors to be elected, and for whose election he has the right to vote. Cumulative voting shall not be allowed.
     Section 11. Voting of Shares by Certain Holders . Persons holding stock in a fiduciary capacity shall be entitled to vote the shares so held. Persons whose stock is pledged shall
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be entitled to vote, unless in the transfer by the pledgor on the books of the Corporation he has expressly empowered the pledgee to vote thereon, in which case only the pledgee or his proxy may represent such shares and vote thereon. If shares stand of record in the names of two or more persons, whether fiduciaries, members of a partnership, joint tenants, tenants in common, tenants by the entirety or otherwise, or if two or more persons have the same fiduciary relationship respecting the same shares, unless the secretary of the Corporation is given written notice to the contrary and is furnished with a copy of the instrument or order appointing them or creating the relationship wherein it is so provided, their acts with respect to voting shall be as set forth in the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.
     Section 12. Action Without a Meeting . Unless otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation and subject to the provisions of these bylaws, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the stockholders may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote, if a consent in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by the holders of outstanding stock having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted (which consent may be signed in counterparts). Prompt notice of the taking of the corporate action without a meeting by less than unanimous written consent shall be given to those stockholders who have not consented in writing.
     Section 13. Fixing Date for Determination of Stockholders of Record for Action Without a Meeting . In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, the board of directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the board of directors, and which date shall not be more than ten days after the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the board of directors. Any stockholder of record seeking to have the stockholders authorize or take corporate action by written consent shall, by written notice to the secretary of the Corporation, request the board of directors to fix a record date. The board of directors shall promptly, but in all events within ten days after the date on which such a request is received, adopt a resolution fixing the record date. If no record date has been fixed by the board of directors within ten days after the date on which such request if received, and no prior action by the board of directors is required by applicable law, the record date shall be the first date on which a signed written consent setting forth the action taken or proposed to be taken is delivered to the Corporation by delivery to its registered office in the State of Delaware, to its principal place of business, or to an officer or agent of the Corporation having custody of the books in which proceedings of stockholders meetings are recorded, to the attention of the secretary of the Corporation. Delivery shall be by hand or by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested. If no record date has been fixed by the board of directors and prior action by the board of directors is required by applicable law, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting shall be at the close of business on the date on which the board of directors adopts the resolution taking such prior action.
     In the event a disclosure or proxy statement or other written materials are distributed to shareholders whose consents are being solicited, such disclosure or proxy statement or other written materials shall be delivered to the Corporation at its principal place of business to the
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attention of the Secretary no later than the date such materials are first distributed to any shareholder whose consent is being or will be solicited.
     For so long as the Corporation has a class of equity securities registered under the Exchange Act, any request to the board of directors to fix a record date shall be accompanied by disclosure relating to the action taken or proposed to be taken, which disclosure shall comply with the disclosure requirements of Section 14 of the Exchange Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder and which shall provide the Corporation with such information as may be necessary for it to comply with its obligations under the Exchange Act.
ARTICLE III.
Board of Directors
     Section 1. General Powers . The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of its board of directors, except as otherwise provided in the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware or the certificate of incorporation.
     Section 2. Number, Tenure and Qualifications . The board of directors of the Corporation shall consist of such number of directors as may be determined from time to time by the board, but such number shall not be less than three nor more than eight. Directors shall be divided into three classes and elected as provided in Article Seventh of the Certificate of Incorporation at each annual meeting of stockholders, except as provided in Section 3 of this Article. Each director shall hold office until his successor shall have been elected and qualified or until his earlier death, resignation or removal. Directors need not be residents of Delaware or stockholders of the Corporation. Directors shall be removable in the manner provided by the statutes of Delaware.
     Section 3. Vacancies . Any director may resign at any time by giving written notice to the Corporation. A director’s resignation shall take effect at the time specified therein; and unless otherwise specified therein, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective. Any vacancy or newly created directorship resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors may be filled by a majority of directors then in office, although less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director, and a director so chosen shall hold office until the next election of directors of the class of which such director is a part and until his successor is duly elected and qualified, unless sooner displaced. If at any time, by reason of death, resignation or other cause, the Corporation should have no directors in office, then an election of directors may be held in the manner provided by law. When one or more directors shall resign from the board, effective at a future date, a majority of the directors then in office, including those who have so resigned, shall have the power to fill such vacancy or vacancies, the vote thereon to take effect when such resignation or resignations shall become effective, and each director so chosen shall hold office until the next election of directors of the class of which he is a part, and until his successor is duly elected and qualified.
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     Section 4. Regular Meetings . A regular meeting of the board of directors shall be held immediately after and at the same place as the annual meeting of stockholders, or as soon as practicable thereafter at the time and place, either within or without Delaware or Colorado, determined by the board for the purpose of electing officers and for the transaction of such other business as may come before the meeting. The board of directors may provide by resolution the time and place, either within or outside Delaware or Colorado, for the holding of additional regular meetings.
     Section 5. Special Meetings . Special meetings of the board of directors may be called by or at the request of the president or any two directors. The person or persons authorized to call special meetings of the board of directors may fix any place, either within or outside Delaware or Colorado, as the place for holding any special meeting of the board of directors called by them.
     Section 6. Notice . Notice of every meeting of the board of directors shall be given to each director at his usual place of business or at such other address as shall have been furnished by him for such purpose. Such notice shall be properly and timely given if it is (a) deposited in the United States mail not later than the fifth calendar day preceding the date of the meeting, or (b) personally delivered, telegraphed, sent by facsimile transmission or communicated by telephone at least twenty-four hours before the time of the meeting. Such notice need not include a statement of the business to be transacted at, or the purpose of, any such meeting.
     Section 7. Quorum and Voting . A majority of the number of directors fixed by Section 2 of this Article, present in person, shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any meeting of the board of directors, and the vote of a majority of the directors present at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the board of directors. If less than such majority is present at a meeting, a majority of the directors present may adjourn the meeting from time to time without further notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum shall be present. No director may vote or act by proxy at any meeting of the board of directors.
     Section 8. Committees . The board of directors may, by one or more resolutions, designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of one or more of the directors of the Corporation. The board may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee. In the absence or disqualification of a member of a committee, the member or members thereof present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not they constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the board of directors to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member. Any such committee, to the extent provided in the resolution of the board of directors, shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the board of directors in the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation, and may authorize the seal of the Corporation to be affixed to all papers which may require it; but no such committee shall have the power or authority in reference to amending the certificate of incorporation, adopting an agreement of merger or consolidation, recommending to the stockholders the sale, lease or exchange of all or substantially all of the Corporation’s property and assets, recommending to the stockholders a dissolution of the Corporation or a revocation of a dissolution, or amending the bylaws of the Corporation; and, unless the resolution expressly so provides, no such committee shall
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have the power or authority to declare a dividend or to authorize the issuance of stock. Each committee shall keep regular minutes of its meetings and report the same to the board of directors when required.
     Section 9. Compensation . Unless otherwise restricted by the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, the board of directors shall have the authority to fix the compensation of directors. The directors may be paid their expenses, if any, of attendance at each meeting of the board of directors and may be paid a fixed sum for attendance at each meeting of the board of directors or a stated salary as director. No such payment shall preclude any director from serving the Corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation therefor. Members of any committee of the board may be allowed compensation for attending committee meetings.
     Section 10. Action Without a Meeting . Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the board of directors or any committee thereof may be taken without a meeting if all members of the board or committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing and the writing or writings are filed with the minutes of the proceedings of the board or committee.
     Section 11. Participation in Meetings by Telephone . Members of the board of directors, or any committee designated by the board of directors, may participate in a meeting of such board or committee by means of conference telephone or similar communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other and such participation in a meeting in such manner shall constitute presence in person at the meeting.
ARTICLE IV.
Officers and Agents
     Section 1. Number and Qualifications . The officers of the Corporation shall be a chairman of the board, a president, a secretary and a treasurer. The board of directors may also elect or appoint such other officers, assistant officers, and agents, including a vice-chairman or vice-chairmen of the board, one or more vice-presidents, a controller, assistant secretaries and assistant treasurers, as they may consider necessary. Any number of offices may be held by the same person, except that no person may simultaneously hold the offices of president and secretary.
     Section 2. Election and Term of Office . The officers of the Corporation shall be elected by the board of directors annually at the first meeting of the board held after each annual meeting of the stockholders. If the election of officers shall not be held at such meeting, such election shall be held as soon thereafter as conveniently may be. Each officer shall hold office until his successor shall have been duly elected and qualified or until his earlier death, resignation or removal.
     Section 3. Salaries . The salaries of the officers shall be as fixed from time to time by the board of directors and no officer shall be prevented from receiving a salary by reason of the fact that he is also a director of the Corporation.
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     Section 4. Removal . Any officer or agent elected or appointed by the board of directors may be removed at any time by the board whenever in its judgment the best interests of the Corporation will be served thereby, but such removal shall be without prejudice to the contract rights, if any, of the person so removed. Election or appointment of an officer or agent shall not in itself create contract rights.
     Section 5. Vacancies . Any officer may resign at any time, subject to any rights or obligations under any existing contracts between the officer and the Corporation, by giving notice to the Corporation. An officer’s resignation shall take effect at the time stated therein; and unless otherwise specified therein, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective. Any vacancy occurring in any office by death, resignation, removal or otherwise shall be filled by the board of directors for the unexpired portion of the term.
     Section 6. Authority and Duties of Officers . The officers of the Corporation shall have the authority and shall exercise the powers and perform the duties specified below, and as may be additionally specified by the chief executive officer, the president, the board of directors or these bylaws, except that in any event each officer shall exercise such powers and perform such duties as may be required by law:
          (a) Chairman of the Board . The chairman of the board shall be the chief executive officer of the Corporation and, subject to the direction and supervision of the board of directors, shall manage the business of the Corporation. The chairman of the board may execute contracts, deeds and other instruments on behalf of the Corporation. The chairman of the board shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders and directors at which he may be present and shall have such other duties, powers and authority as may be prescribed elsewhere in these bylaws. The board of directors may delegate such other authority and assign such additional duties to the chairman of the board as it may from time to time determine.
          (b) President . The president, subject to the direction and supervision of the board of directors and the chairman of the board, shall be the chief operating officer of the Corporation and shall manage the business of the Corporation. The president may execute contracts, deeds and other instruments on behalf of the Corporation. In the absence of the chairman of the board and the chief executive officer or in the event of their disability, inability or refusal to act, the president shall perform the duties and exercise the power of the chairman of the board.
          (c) Vice-President . The vice-president, if any, (or if there is more than one then each vice-president) shall assist the president and shall perform such duties as may be assigned to him by the chief executive officer, the president or by the board of directors. The vice-president, if there is one (or if there is more than one then the vice-president designated by the board of directors or if there be no such designation, then the vice-presidents in order of their election) shall, at the request of the president, or in his absence or inability or refusal to act, perform the duties of the president, and when so acting shall have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the president.
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          (d) Secretary . The secretary shall: (i) record or cause to be recorded the proceedings of the meetings of the stockholders, the board of directors and any committees of the board of directors in a book to be kept for that purpose; (ii) see that all notices are duly given in accordance with the provisions of these bylaws or as required by law; (iii) be custodian of the corporate records and of the seal of the Corporation; (iv) keep at the Corporation’s registered office or principal place of business a record containing the names and addresses of all stockholders and the number and class of shares held by each, unless such a record shall be kept at the office of the Corporation’s transfer agent or registrar; (v) have general charge of the stock books of the Corporation, unless the Corporation has a transfer agent; and (vi) in general, perform all other duties incident to the office of secretary and such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to him by the president or by the board of directors. Assistant secretaries, if any, shall have the same duties and powers, subject to supervision by the secretary or the president.
          (e) Treasurer . The treasurer shall: (i) be the principal financial officer of the Corporation and have the care and custody of all funds, securities, evidences of indebtedness and other personal property of the Corporation and deposit the same in accordance with the instructions of the board of directors; (ii) receive and give receipts and acquittances for moneys paid in on account of the Corporation, and pay out of the funds on hand all bills, payrolls and other just debts of the Corporation of whatever nature upon maturity; (iii) unless there is a controller, be the principal accounting officer of the Corporation and as such prescribe and maintain the methods and systems of accounting to be followed, keep complete books and records of account, prepare and file all local, state and federal tax returns, prescribe and maintain an adequate system of internal audit, and prepare and furnish to the president and the board of directors statements of account showing the financial position of the Corporation and the results of its operations; (iv) upon request of the board, make such reports to it as may be required at any time; and (v) perform all other duties incident to the office of treasurer and such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to him by the board of directors or the president. Assistant treasurers, if any, shall have the same powers and duties, subject to the supervision of the treasurer or the president.
     Section 7. Surety Bonds . The board of directors may require any officer or agent of the Corporation to execute to the Corporation a bond in such sums and with such sureties as shall be satisfactory to the board, conditioned upon the faithful performance of his duties and for the restoration to the Corporation of all books, papers, vouchers, money and other property of whatever kin in his possession or under his control belonging to the Corporation.
ARTICLE V.
Stock
     Section 1. Issuance of Shares . The issuance or sale by the Corporation of any shares of its authorized capital stock of any class, including treasury shares, shall be made only upon authorization by the board of directors, except as otherwise may be provided by statute.
     Section 2. Certificates . Every holder of stock in the Corporation shall be entitled to have a certificate signed by, or in the name of the Corporation by, the chairman or a vice-chairman
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of the board of directors, or the president or a vice-president, and by the treasurer or an assistant treasurer, or the secretary or an assistant secretary of the Corporation, certifying the number of shares owned by him in the Corporation. Any of or all the signatures on the certificate may be facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if he were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue. Certificates of stock shall be consecutively numbered and shall be in such form consistent with law as shall be prescribed by the board of directors.
     Section 3. Payment for Shares . Shares shall be issued for such consideration (but not less than the par value thereof) as shall be determined from time to time by the board of directors. Treasury shares shall be disposed of for such consideration as may be determined from time to time by the board. Such consideration shall be paid in such form and in such manner as the directors shall determine. In the absence of actual fraud in the transaction, the judgment of the directors as to the value of such consideration shall be conclusive. The capital stock issued by the Corporation shall be deemed to be fully paid and non-assessable stock if: (a) the entire amount of the consideration has been received by the Corporation in the form of cash, services rendered, personal property, real property, leases of real property or a combination thereof; or (b) not less than the amount of the consideration determined to be capital pursuant to statute has been received by the Corporation in such form and the Corporation has received a binding obligation of the subscriber or purchaser to pay the balance of the subscription or purchase price; provided, however, nothing contained herein shall prevent the board of directors from issuing partly paid shares pursuant to statute.
     Section 4. Lost Certificate . In case of the alleged loss, destruction or mutilation of a certificate of stock the board of directors may direct the issuance of a new certificate in lieu thereof upon such terms and conditions in conformity with law as it may prescribe. The board of directors may in its discretion require a bond in such form and amount and with such surety as it may determine, before issuing a new certificate.
     Section 5. Transfer of Shares . Upon surrender to the Corporation or to a transfer agent of the Corporation of a certificate of stock duly endorsed or accompanied by proper evidence of succession, assignment or authority to transfer, it shall be the duty of the Corporation to issue a new certificate to the person entitled thereto, cancel the old certificate, and record the transaction in the stock books.
     Section 6. Registered Stockholders . The Corporation shall be entitled to recognize the exclusive right of a person registered on its books as the owner of shares to receive dividends, and to vote as such owner, and to hold liable for calls and assessments a person registered on its books as the owner of shares, and shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such share or shares on the part of any other person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by the laws of Delaware.
     Section 7. Transfer Agents, Registrars and Paying Agents . The board of directors may at its discretion appoint one or more transfer agents, registrars and agents for making payment
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upon any class of stock, bond, debenture or other security of the Corporation. Such agents and registrars may be located either within or outside Delaware or Colorado. They shall have such rights and duties and shall be entitled to such compensation as may be agreed.
ARTICLE VI.
Indemnification of Directors, Officers, Employees and Agents
     Section 1. Directors and Officers . Subject to the other sections of this Article VI, the Corporation shall indemnify, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law in effect on the date hereof and to such greater extent as applicable law may thereafter from time to time permit, any person who was or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit, or proceeding, whether criminal, civil, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that he is or was a director or officer of the Corporation or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, association, or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines, ERISA excise taxes or penalties, and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with such action, suit or proceeding, including any action, suit or proceeding by or in the right of the Corporation (a “Proceeding”). The Corporation shall advance all reasonable expenses incurred by or on behalf of any such person in connection with any Proceeding within ten days after the receipt by the Corporation of a statement or statements from such person requesting such advance or advances from time to time, whether prior to or after final disposition of such Proceeding. Such statement or statements shall reasonably evidence the expenses incurred by such person and, if such person is an officer or director of the Corporation, shall include or be preceded or accompanied by an undertaking by or on behalf of such person to repay any expenses advanced if it shall ultimately be determined that such person is not entitled to be indemnified against such expenses. Costs, charges or expenses of investigating or defending proceedings for which indemnity shall be sought hereunder may be incurred without the Corporation’s consent.
     Section 2. Determination of Right to Indemnification .
          (a) Any indemnification requested by any person under Section 1 hereof shall be made no later than forty-five days after receipt of the written request of such person, unless a determination is made that such person is not entitled to indemnification hereunder within said forty-five day period as follows:
               (i) If a Change of Control has occurred, unless such person shall request in writing that such determination be made in accordance with clause (ii) of this Section 2(a), the determination shall be made by Independent Counsel in a written opinion to the board of directors, a copy of which shall be delivered to the person requesting indemnification.
               (ii) If a Change of Control has not occurred, the determination shall be made by a majority vote of the board of directors who are not parties to such
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proceedings. In the event that a quorum of the board of directors who are not parties to such proceedings is not obtainable or such quorum so directs, the determination shall be made by Independent Counsel in a written opinion to the board of directors, a copy of which shall be delivered to the person requesting indemnification.
          (b) Notwithstanding a determination under Section 2(a) above that any person is not entitled to indemnification with respect to any specific Proceeding, such person shall have the right to apply to any court of competent jurisdiction for the purpose of enforcing such person’s right to indemnification pursuant to these bylaws. Neither the failure of the Corporation (including its board of directors or Independent Counsel) to have made a determination prior to the commencement of such action that such person is entitled to indemnification hereunder, nor an actual determination by the Corporation (including its board of directors or Independent Counsel) that such person is not entitled to indemnification hereunder, shall be a defense to the action or create any presumption that such person is not entitled to indemnification hereunder.
          (c) The Corporation shall indemnify any person against all expenses incurred in connection with any hearing or Proceeding under this Section 2 if such person prevails on the merits or otherwise in such hearing or Proceeding.
          (d) For purposes of this Section 3, a “ Change of Control ” shall mean any of the following events: (i) the acquisition by a third person, including a “group” as defined in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act, of shares of the Corporation having (together with any shares of the Corporation held by such person at the time of such acquisition) 30% or more of the total number of votes that may be cast for the election of directors of the Corporation, (ii) shareholder approval of the acquisition of the Corporation, or substantially all of its assets, by another entity or of a merger, reorganization, consolidation or other business combination to which the Corporation is a party or (iii) the election during any period of twelve months or less of 33% or more of the directors of the Corporation where such directors were not in office immediately prior to such period.
          (e) For purposes of this Section 3, an “ Independent Counsel ” shall mean a law firm, or a member of a law firm, that is experienced in matters of corporation law and neither presently is, nor in the past three years has been, retained to represent (i) the Corporation or the indemnitee in any matter material to either such party or (ii) any other party to the Proceeding giving rise to a claim for indemnification hereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the term “Independent Counsel” shall not include any person who, under the applicable standards of professional conduct then prevailing, would have a conflict of interest in representing either the Corporation or an indemnitee in an action to determine an indemnitee’s rights pursuant to these bylaws.
     Section 3. Subrogation . In the event of payment under these bylaws, the indemnifying party or parties shall be subrogated to the extent of such payment to all of the rights of recovery of the indemnified person therefor, and such person shall execute all papers required and shall do everything that may be necessary to secure such rights, including the execution of such
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documents necessary to enable the indemnifying party or parties to effectively bring suit to enforce such rights.
     Section 4. Presumptions and Effect of Certain Proceedings .
          (a) In making a determination with respect to entitlement to indemnification hereunder, the person or persons or entity making such determination shall presume that such person is entitled to indemnification under this Article, and the Corporation shall have the burden of proof to overcome that presumption in connection with the making by any person, persons or entity of any determination contrary to that presumption.
          (b) The termination of any Proceeding or of any claim, issue or matter therein, by judgment, order, settlement or conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not (except as otherwise expressly provided in these bylaws) of itself adversely affect the right of any person to indemnification or create a presumption that such person did not act in good faith and in a manner which he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation or, with respect to any criminal proceeding, that such person had reasonable cause to believe that his conduct was unlawful.
     Section 5. Exception to Right of Indemnification or Advancement of Expenses . Notwithstanding any other provision of these bylaws, no person shall be entitled to indemnification or advancement of expenses under these bylaws with respect to any Proceeding initiated by such person against the Corporation or its officers and directors, unless the bringing of such Proceeding or the making of such claim shall have been approved by the board of directors.
     Section 6. Contract . The foregoing provisions of this Article VI shall be deemed to be a contract between the Corporation and each director and officer who serves in such capacity at any time while this bylaw is in effect, and any repeal or modification thereof shall not affect any rights or obligations then existing with respect to any state of facts then or theretofore existing or any action, suit or proceeding theretofore or thereafter brought based in whole or in part upon any such state of facts.
     The foregoing rights of indemnification shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which any director or officer may be entitled apart from the provisions of this Article VI and the Corporation may, with the approval of a majority of the board of directors, enter into indemnification agreements separate from these bylaws with its officers, directors, employees and/or agents.
     Section 7. Surviving Corporation . The board of directors may provide by resolution that references to “the Corporation” in this Article VI shall include, in addition to this Corporation, all constituent Corporations absorbed in a merger with this Corporation so that any person who was a director or officer of such a constituent Corporation or is or was serving at the request of such constituent Corporation as a director, employee, or agent of another Corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, association, or other entity shall stand in the same position under the provisions of this Article VI with respect to this Corporation as he would if he had served this
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Corporation in the same capacity or is or was so serving such other entity at the request of this Corporation, as the case may be.
     Section 8. Inurement . The indemnification and advancement of expenses provided by, or granted pursuant to, this Article VI shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director or officer and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors, and administrators of such person.
     Section 9. Employees and Agents . To the same extent as it may do for a director or officer, the Corporation may indemnify and advance expenses to a person who is not and was not a director or officer of the Corporation but who is or was an employee or agent of the Corporation.
     Section 10. Insurance . The Corporation may purchase and maintain insurance, in such amounts as the board may deem appropriate, on behalf of any Indemnified Party against any liability asserted against him and incurred by him in his capacity of or arising out of his status as an Indemnified Party, whether or not the Corporation would have the power to indemnify him against such liability under applicable provisions of law.
ARTICLE VII.
Miscellaneous
     Section 1. Waivers of Notice . Whenever notice is required to be given by law, by the certificate of incorporation or by these bylaws, a written waiver thereof, signed by the person entitled to said notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to notice. Attendance of a person at a meeting or (in the case of a stockholder) by proxy shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when the person attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting was not lawfully called or convened. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special meeting of the stockholders, directors, or members of a committee of directors need be specified in any written waiver of notice unless so required by the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws.
     Section 2. Presumption of Assent . A director or stockholder of the Corporation who is present at a meeting of the board of directors or stockholders at which action on any corporate matter is taken shall be presumed to have assented to the action taken unless his dissent shall be entered in the minutes of the meeting or unless he shall file his written dissent of such action with the person acting as the secretary of the meeting before the adjournment thereof or shall forward such dissent by registered mail to the secretary of the Corporation immediately after the adjournment of the meeting. Such right to dissent shall not apply to a director or stockholder who voted in favor of such action.
     Section 3. Voting of Securities by the Corporation . Unless otherwise provided by resolution of the board of directors, on behalf of the Corporation the president or any vice-president shall attend in person or by substitute appointed by him, or shall execute written
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instruments appointing a proxy or proxies to represent the Corporation at, all meetings of the shareholders of any other Corporation, association or other entity in which the Corporation holds any stock or other securities, and may execute written waivers of notice with respect to any such meetings. At all such meetings and otherwise, the president or any vice-president, in person or by substitute or proxy as aforesaid, may vote the stock or other securities so held by the Corporation and may execute written consents and any other instruments with respect to such stock or securities and may exercise any and all rights and powers incident to the ownership of said stock or securities, subject, however, to the instructions, if any, of the board of directors.
     Section 4. Seal . The corporate seal of the Corporation shall be circular in form and shall contain the name of the Corporation, the year of its organization and the words “Seal, Delaware”.
     Section 5. Fiscal Year . The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be as established by the board of directors.
     Section 6. Amendments . All bylaws of the Corporation shall be subject to amendment, alteration or repeal, and new bylaws may be made, by resolution adopted by a majority of the entire board of directors.
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