3M CO, 10-Q filed on 5/3/2012
Quarterly Report
Document and Entity Information
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Document And Entity Information
 
Entity Registrant Name
3M CO 
Entity Central Index Key
0000066740 
Document Type
10-Q 
Document Period End Date
Mar. 31, 2012 
Amendment Flag
false 
Current Fiscal Year End Date
--12-31 
Entity Voluntary Filers
No 
Entity Current Reporting Status
Yes 
Entity Filer Category
Large Accelerated Filer 
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding
693,872,048 
Document Fiscal Year Focus
2012 
Document Fiscal Period Focus
Q1 
Consolidated Statement of Income (USD $)
In Millions, except Per Share data, unless otherwise specified
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Mar. 31, 2011
Net sales
$ 7,486 
$ 7,311 
Operating expenses
 
 
Cost of sales
3,889 
3,802 
Selling, general and administrative expenses
1,552 
1,533 
Research, development and related expenses
411 
398 
Total operating expenses
5,852 
5,733 
Operating income
1,634 
1,578 
Interest expense and income
 
 
Interest expense
40 
43 
Interest income
(9)
(10)
Total interest expense - net
31 
33 
Income before income taxes
1,603 
1,545 
Provision for income taxes
462 
442 
Net income including noncontrolling interest
1,141 
1,103 
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
16 
22 
Net income attributable to 3M
$ 1,125 
$ 1,081 
Weighted average 3M common shares outstanding - basic (in shares)
696.8 
711.5 
Earnings per share attributable to 3M common shareholders - basic (in dollars per share)
$ 1.61 
$ 1.52 
Weighted average 3M common shares outstanding - diluted (in shares)
706.1 
726.4 
Earnings per share attributable to 3M common shareholders - diluted (in dollars per share)
$ 1.59 
$ 1.49 
Cash dividends paid per 3M common share (in dollars per share)
$ 0.59 
$ 0.55 
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income (USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Mar. 31, 2011
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income
 
 
Net income including noncontrolling interest
$ 1,141 
$ 1,103 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
 
 
Cumulative translation adjustment
134 
242 
Defined benefit pension and postretirement plans adjustment
97 
76 
Debt and equity securities, unrealized gain (loss)
(1)
Cash flow hedging instruments, unrealized gain (loss)
(15)
(17)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
219 
300 
Comprehensive income (loss) including noncontrolling interest
1,360 
1,403 
Comprehensive (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interest
(16)
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to 3M
$ 1,365 
$ 1,387 
Consolidated Balance Sheet (USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified
Mar. 31, 2012
Dec. 31, 2011
Current assets
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$ 2,332 
$ 2,219 
Marketable securities - current
1,399 
1,461 
Accounts receivable - net
4,323 
3,867 
Inventories
 
 
Finished goods
1,609 
1,536 
Work in process
1,112 
1,061 
Raw materials and supplies
840 
819 
Total inventories
3,561 
3,416 
Other current assets
1,238 
1,277 
Total current assets
12,853 
12,240 
Marketable securities - non-current
763 
896 
Investments
160 
155 
Property, plant and equipment
21,484 
21,166 
Less: Accumulated depreciation
(13,729)
(13,500)
Property, plant and equipment - net
7,755 
7,666 
Goodwill
7,090 
7,047 
Intangible assets - net
1,865 
1,916 
Prepaid pension benefits
43 
40 
Other assets
1,486 
1,656 
Total assets
32,015 
31,616 
Current liabilities
 
 
Short-term borrowings and current portion of long-term debt
664 
682 
Accounts payable
1,779 
1,643 
Accrued payroll
473 
676 
Accrued income taxes
423 
355 
Other current liabilities
2,069 
2,085 
Total current liabilities
5,408 
5,441 
Long-term debt
4,510 
4,484 
Pension and postretirement benefits
3,686 
3,972 
Other liabilities
1,792 
1,857 
Total liabilities
15,396 
15,754 
Commitments and contingencies (Note 10)
   
   
3M Company shareholders' equity:
 
 
Common stock par value, $.01 par value, 944,033,056 shares issued
Additional paid-in capital
3,894 
3,767 
Retained earnings
28,858 
28,348 
Treasury stock, at cost: 250,161,008 shares at March 31, 2012; 249,063,015 shares at Dec. 31, 2011
(11,794)
(11,679)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
(4,785)
(5,025)
Total 3M Company shareholders' equity
16,182 
15,420 
Noncontrolling interest
437 
442 
Total equity
16,619 
15,862 
Total liabilities and equity
$ 32,015 
$ 31,616 
Consolidated Balance Sheet (Parenthetical) (USD $)
Mar. 31, 2012
Dec. 31, 2011
Consolidated Balance Sheet
 
 
Common stock, par value per share (in dollars per share)
$ 0.01 
$ 0.01 
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)
944,033,056 
944,033,056 
Treasury stock (in shares)
250,161,008 
249,063,015 
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows (USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Mar. 31, 2011
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
 
 
Net income including noncontrolling interest
$ 1,141 
$ 1,103 
Adjustments to reconcile net income including noncontrolling interest to net cash provided by operating activities
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
313 
289 
Company pension and postretirement contributions
(337)
(61)
Company pension and postretirement expense
180 
135 
Stock-based compensation expense
103 
116 
Deferred income taxes
44 
Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation
(28)
(15)
Changes in assets and liabilities
 
 
Accounts receivable
(431)
(469)
Inventories
(96)
(180)
Accounts payable
118 
80 
Accrued income taxes (current and long-term)
221 
137 
Product and other insurance receivables and claims
(74)
(39)
Other - net
(326)
(366)
Net cash provided by operating activities
828 
733 
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
 
 
Purchases of property, plant and equipment (PP&E)
(261)
(231)
Proceeds from sale of PP&E and other assets
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired
 
(471)
Purchases of marketable securities and investments
(900)
(757)
Proceeds from sale of marketable securities and investments
539 
363 
Proceeds from maturities of marketable securities
574 
376 
Other investing
(6)
Net cash used in investing activities
(43)
(724)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
 
 
Change in short-term debt - net
(18)
12 
Repayment of debt (maturities greater than 90 days)
(15)
(104)
Proceeds from debt (maturities greater than 90 days)
107 
Purchases of treasury stock
(524)
(680)
Proceeds from issuance of treasury stock pursuant to stock option and benefit plans
213 
378 
Dividends paid to shareholders
(410)
(392)
Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation
28 
15 
Other - net
(2)
(33)
Net cash used in financing activities
(722)
(697)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
50 
58 
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
113 
(630)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
2,219 
3,377 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
$ 2,332 
$ 2,747 
Significant Accounting Policies
Significant Accounting Policies

NOTE 1.  Significant Accounting Policies

 

Basis of Presentation

 

The interim consolidated financial statements are unaudited but, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. These adjustments consist of normal, recurring items. The results of operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year. The interim consolidated financial statements and notes are presented as permitted by the requirements for Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q. This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements and notes included in its 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

Effective with 3M’s second-quarter 2011 Form 10-Q, the Company revised the amounts previously presented for cash used in investing activities and cash used in financing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2011 by $33 million. This related to purchases of additional shares (noncontrolling interest) of non-wholly owned consolidated subsidiaries. These immaterial revisions increased cash used in financing activities and decreased cash used in investing activities.

 

Earnings Per Share

 

The difference in the weighted average 3M shares outstanding for calculating basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to 3M common shareholders is a result of the dilution associated with the Company’s stock-based compensation plans. Certain options outstanding under these stock-based compensation plans were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share attributable to 3M common shareholders because they would not have had a dilutive effect (19.2 million average options for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 3.6 million average options for the three months ended March 31, 2011). The computations for basic and diluted earnings per share follow:

 

Earnings Per Share Computations

 

 

 

Three months ended

 

 

 

March 31,

 

(Amounts in millions, except per share amounts)

 

2012

 

2011

 

Numerator:

 

 

 

 

 

Net income attributable to 3M

 

$

1,125

 

$

1,081

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Denominator:

 

 

 

 

 

Denominator for weighted average 3M common shares outstanding — basic

 

696.8

 

711.5

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dilution associated with the Company’s stock-based compensation plans

 

9.3

 

14.9

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Denominator for weighted average 3M common shares outstanding — diluted

 

706.1

 

726.4

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Earnings per share attributable to 3M common shareholders — basic

 

$

1.61

 

$

1.52

 

Earnings per share attributable to 3M common shareholders — diluted

 

$

1.59

 

$

1.49

 

 

New Accounting Pronouncements

 

In May 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Updated (ASU) No. 2011-04, Fair Value Measurement: Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRSs. This standard clarifies guidance on how to measure fair value and is largely consistent with existing fair value measurement principles. The ASU also expands existing disclosure requirements for fair value measurements and makes other amendments. For 3M, this ASU was effective prospectively beginning January 1, 2012. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on 3M’s consolidated results of operations or financial condition.

 

In September 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-08, Testing Goodwill for Impairment. Under this new standard, entities testing goodwill for impairment now have an option of performing a qualitative assessment before having to calculate the fair value of a reporting unit. If an entity determines, on the basis of qualitative factors, that the fair value of the reporting unit is more-likely-than-not less than the carrying amount, the existing quantitative impairment test is required. Otherwise, no further impairment testing is required. For 3M, this ASU was effective beginning January 1, 2012, with early adoption permitted under certain conditions. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on 3M’s consolidated results of operations or financial condition.

 

In December 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-11, Disclosures About Offsetting Assets and Liabilities, which creates new disclosure requirements regarding the nature of an entity’s rights of setoff and related arrangements associated with its financial instruments and derivative instruments. Certain disclosures of the amounts of certain instruments subject to enforceable master netting arrangements or similar agreements would be required, irrespective of whether the entity has elected to offset those instruments in the statement of financial position. For 3M, the ASU is effective January 1, 2013 with retrospective application required. Since this standard impacts disclosure requirements only, its adoption will not have a material impact on 3M’s consolidated results of operations or financial condition.

Acquisitions
Acquisitions

NOTE 2.  Acquisitions

 

3M makes acquisitions of certain businesses from time to time that the Company feels align with its strategic intent with respect to, among other factors, growth markets and adjacent product lines or technologies. Goodwill resulting from business combinations is largely attributable to the existing workforce of the acquired businesses and synergies expected to arise after 3M’s acquisition of these businesses. In addition to business combinations, 3M periodically acquires certain tangible and/or intangible assets and purchases interests in certain enterprises that do not otherwise qualify for accounting as business combinations. These transactions are largely reflected as additional asset purchase and investment activity.

 

During the three months ended March 31, 2012, 3M did not complete any business combinations. Adjustments in the first quarter of 2012 to the preliminary purchase price allocations of other acquisitions within the allocation period were not material and related to the 2011 acquisitions of Wintherthur Technologie AG and the business acquired from GPI Group. The allocation of purchase price related to the business purchased from GPI Group in October 2011 is considered preliminary, largely with respect to certain acquired intangible assets and tax-related assets and liabilities. Refer to Note 2 in 3M’s 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K for more information on 3M’s 2011 acquisitions.

 

In December 2011, 3M entered into a definitive agreement to acquire the Office and Consumer Products business of Avery Dennison Corp. for a total purchase price of approximately $550 million, subject to certain adjustments. The Office and Consumer Products business of Avery Dennison is a leading supplier of office and education products, including labels, binders, presentation products, filing and indexing products, writing instruments, and other office and home organization products. The transaction is expected to be completed in the second half of 2012, subject to customary closing conditions including any necessary regulatory approvals.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill and Intangible Assets

NOTE 3.  Goodwill and Intangible Assets

 

No acquisitions closed during the three months ended March 31, 2012. The acquisition activity in the following table includes the net impacts of adjustments to the preliminary allocation of purchase price for prior year acquisitions, which increased goodwill by $12 million. The amounts in the “Translation and other” column in the following table primarily relate to changes in foreign currency exchange rates. The goodwill balance by business segment as of December 31, 2011 and March 31, 2012, follow:

 

Goodwill

 

 

 

December 31, 2011

 

Acquisition

 

Translation

 

March 31, 2012

 

(Millions)

 

Balance

 

activity

 

and other

 

Balance

 

Industrial and Transportation

 

$

1,961

 

$

6

 

$

26

 

$

1,993

 

Health Care

 

1,514

 

 

5

 

1,519

 

Consumer and Office

 

228

 

6

 

3

 

237

 

Safety, Security and Protection Services

 

1,675

 

 

4

 

1,679

 

Display and Graphics

 

993

 

 

(8

)

985

 

Electro and Communications

 

676

 

 

1

 

677

 

Total Company

 

$

7,047

 

$

12

 

$

31

 

$

7,090

 

 

Accounting standards require that goodwill be tested for impairment annually and between annual tests in certain circumstances such as a change in reporting units or the testing of recoverability of a significant asset group within a reporting unit. At 3M, reporting units generally correspond to a division.

 

Effective in the first quarter of 2012, 3M made certain product moves across divisions within its business segments, but none were across business segments. For any product moves that resulted in reporting unit changes, the Company applied the relative fair value method to determine the impact on goodwill of the associated reporting units. In addition, during the first quarter of 2012, the Company completed its assessment of any potential goodwill impairment for reporting units impacted by this new structure and determined that no impairment existed.

 

Acquired Intangible Assets

 

3M did not complete any business combinations during the three months ended March 31, 2012. As a result, balances of acquired intangible assets were primarily impacted by changes in foreign currency exchange rates. The carrying amount and accumulated amortization of acquired finite-lived intangible assets, in addition to the balance of non-amortizable intangible assets, as of March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, follow:

 

 

 

March 31,

 

December 31,

 

(Millions)

 

2012

 

2011

 

Patents

 

$

564

 

$

561

 

Other amortizable intangible assets (primarily tradenames and customer related intangibles)

 

2,251

 

2,323

 

Total gross carrying amount

 

$

2,815

 

$

2,884

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accumulated amortization — patents

 

(385

)

(374

)

Accumulated amortization — other

 

(690

)

(717

)

Total accumulated amortization

 

$

(1,075

)

$

(1,091

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total finite-lived intangible assets — net

 

$

1,740

 

$

1,793

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non-amortizable intangible assets (tradenames)

 

125

 

123

 

Total intangible assets — net

 

$

1,865

 

$

1,916

 

 

Amortization expense for acquired intangible assets for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011 follows:

 

 

 

Three months ended

 

 

 

March 31,

 

(Millions)

 

2012

 

2011

 

Amortization expense

 

$

58

 

$

54

 

 

The table below shows expected amortization expense for acquired amortizable intangible assets recorded as of March 31, 2012:

 

 

 

Remainder

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

of

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

After

 

 

 

2012

 

2013

 

2014

 

2015

 

2016

 

2017

 

2017

 

Amortization expense

 

$

170

 

$

214

 

$

191

 

$

178

 

$

166

 

$

152

 

$

669

 

 

The expected amortization expense is an estimate. Actual amounts of amortization expense may differ from estimated amounts due to additional intangible asset acquisitions, changes in foreign currency exchange rates, impairment of intangible assets, accelerated amortization of intangible assets and other events. 3M expenses the costs incurred to renew or extend the term of intangible assets.

Supplemental Equity and Comprehensive Income Information
Supplemental Equity and Comprehensive Income Information

NOTE 4.  Supplemental Equity and Comprehensive Income Information

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity

 

Three months ended March 31, 2012

 

 

 

3M Company Shareholders

 

 

 

(Millions) 

 

Total

 

Common
Stock and
Additional
Paid-in
Capital

 

Retained
Earnings

 

Treasury
Stock

 

Accumulated
Other
Comprehen-
sive Income
(Loss)

 

Non-
controlling
Interest

 

Balance at December 31, 2011

 

$

15,862

 

$

3,776

 

$

28,348

 

$

(11,679

)

$

(5,025

)

$

442

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

1,141

 

 

 

1,125

 

 

 

 

 

16

 

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cumulative translation adjustment

 

134

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

155

 

(21

)

Defined benefit pension and post-retirement plans adjustment

 

97

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

97

 

 

Debt and equity securities - unrealized gain (loss)

 

3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3

 

 

Cash flow hedging instruments - unrealized gain (loss)

 

(15

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

(15

)

 

Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax

 

219

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dividends paid

 

(410

)

 

 

(410

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stock-based compensation, net of tax impacts

 

127

 

127

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Reacquired stock

 

(534

)

 

 

 

 

(534

)

 

 

 

 

Issuances pursuant to stock option and benefit plans

 

214

 

 

 

(205

)

419

 

 

 

 

 

Balance at March 31, 2012

 

$

16,619

 

$

3,903

 

$

28,858

 

$

(11,794

)

$

(4,785

)

$

437

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three months ended March 31, 2011

 

 

 

3M Company Shareholders

 

 

 

(Millions)

 

Total

 

Common
Stock and
Additional
Paid-in
Capital

 

Retained
Earnings

 

Treasury
Stock

 

Accumulated
Other
Comprehen-
sive Income
(Loss)

 

Non-
controlling
Interest

 

Balance at December 31, 2010

 

$

16,017

 

$

3,477

 

$

25,995

 

$

(10,266

)

$

(3,543

)

$

354

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

1,103

 

 

 

1,081

 

 

 

 

 

22

 

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cumulative translation adjustment

 

242

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

248

 

(6

)

Defined benefit pension and post-retirement plans adjustment

 

76

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

76

 

 

Debt and equity securities - unrealized gain (loss)

 

(1

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1

)

 

Cash flow hedging instruments - unrealized gain (loss)

 

(17

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

(17

)

 

Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax

 

300

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dividends paid

 

(392

)

 

 

(392

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Business combination allocation to noncontrolling interest

 

56

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

56

 

Purchase and sale of subsidiary shares - net

 

(33

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(33

)

Stock-based compensation, net of tax impacts

 

131

 

131

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Reacquired stock

 

(675

)

 

 

 

 

(675

)

 

 

 

 

Issuances pursuant to stock option and benefit plans

 

380

 

 

 

(163

)

543

 

 

 

 

 

Balance at March 31, 2011

 

$

16,887

 

$

3,608

 

$

26,521

 

$

(10,398

)

$

(3,237

)

$

393

 

 

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Attributable to 3M

 

 

 

March 31,

 

December 31,

 

(Millions)

 

2012

 

2011

 

Cumulative translation adjustment

 

$

269

 

$

114

 

Defined benefit pension and postretirement plans adjustment

 

(5,058

)

(5,155

)

Debt and equity securities, unrealized gain (loss)

 

(3

)

(6

)

Cash flow hedging instruments, unrealized gain (loss)

 

7

 

22

 

Total accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

 

$

(4,785

)

$

(5,025

)

 

Components of Comprehensive Income (Loss) Attributable to 3M

 

 

 

Three months ended

 

 

 

March 31,

 

(Millions)

 

2012

 

2011

 

Net income attributable to 3M

 

$

1,125

 

$

1,081

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cumulative translation

 

155

 

221

 

Tax effect

 

 

27

 

Cumulative translation - net of tax

 

155

 

248

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Defined benefit pension and postretirement plans adjustment

 

153

 

119

 

Tax effect

 

(56

)

(43

)

Defined benefit pension and postretirement plans adjustment - net of tax

 

97

 

76

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Debt and equity securities, unrealized gain (loss)

 

5

 

(2

)

Tax effect

 

(2

)

1

 

Debt and equity securities, unrealized gain (loss) - net of tax

 

3

 

(1

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash flow hedging instruments, unrealized gain (loss)

 

(24

)

(27

)

Tax effect

 

9

 

10

 

Cash flow hedging instruments unrealized gain (loss) - net of tax

 

(15

)

(17

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total comprehensive income (loss) attributable to 3M

 

$

1,365

 

$

1,387

 

 

Reclassification adjustments are made to avoid double counting in comprehensive income items that are also recorded as part of net income. Reclassifications to earnings from accumulated other comprehensive income including noncontrolling interest that related to pension and postretirement expense in the income statement were $153 million pre-tax ($97 million after-tax) for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and $119 million pre-tax ($76 million after-tax) for the three months ended March 31, 2011. These pension and postretirement expense pre-tax amounts are shown in the table in Note 7 as amortization of transition (asset) obligation, amortization of prior service cost (benefit) and amortization of net actuarial (gain) loss. Cash flow hedging instruments reclassifications are provided in Note 8. Reclassifications to earnings from accumulated other comprehensive income that related to realized losses due to sales or impairments (net of realized gains) for debt and equity securities were $1 million pre-tax ($1 million after-tax) for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and not material for the three months ended March 31, 2011. Other reclassification adjustments were not material. Income taxes are not provided for foreign translation relating to permanent investments in international subsidiaries, but tax effects within cumulative translation does include impacts from items such as net investment hedge transactions.

 

Purchase of Subsidiary Shares and Transfers of Ownership Interests Involving Non-Wholly Owned Subsidiaries

 

As discussed in Note 2 in 3M’s 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K, in early March 2011, 3M acquired a controlling interest in Winterthur Technologie AG (Winterthur), making Winterthur a consolidated subsidiary as of this business acquisition date. As of this business acquisition date, noncontrolling interest related to Winterthur totaled $56 million. Subsequent to this business acquisition date, 3M purchased additional outstanding shares of its Winterthur subsidiary increasing 3M’s ownership interest from approximately 86 percent as of the business acquisition date to approximately 94 percent as of March 31, 2011, and subsequently to 100 percent as of December 31, 2011. The $33 million of cash paid in the first quarter of 2011 as a result of these additional purchases of Winterthur shares was classified as other financing activity in the consolidated statement of cash flows. These additional purchases did not result in a material transfer from noncontrolling interest to 3M Company shareholders’ equity.

Income Taxes
Income Taxes

NOTE 5.  Income Taxes

 

The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, and various states and foreign jurisdictions. With few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal, state and local, or non-U.S. income tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 2003.

 

The IRS completed its field examination of the Company’s U.S. federal income tax returns for the years 2005 through 2007 in the fourth quarter of 2009. The Company protested certain IRS positions within these tax years and entered into the administrative appeals process with the IRS during the first quarter of 2010. During the first quarter of 2010, the IRS completed its field examination of the Company’s U.S. federal income tax return for the 2008 year. The Company protested certain IRS positions for 2008 and entered into the administrative appeals process with the IRS during the second quarter of 2010. During the first quarter of 2011, the IRS completed its field examination of the Company’s U.S. federal income tax return for the 2009 year. The Company protested certain IRS positions for 2009 and entered into the administrative appeals process with the IRS during the second quarter of 2011. During the first quarter of 2012, the IRS completed its field examination of the Company’s U.S. federal income tax return for the 2010 year. The Company protested certain IRS positions for 2010 and is expected to enter into the administrative appeals process with the IRS during the second quarter of 2012.

 

Currently, the Company is under examination by the IRS for its U.S. federal income tax returns for the years 2011 and 2012. It is anticipated that the IRS will complete its examination of the Company for 2011 by the end of the first quarter of 2013, and for 2012 by the end of the first quarter of 2014. As of March 31, 2012, the IRS has not proposed any significant adjustments to the Company’s tax positions for which the Company is not adequately reserved.

 

During the first quarter of 2010, the Company paid the agreed upon assessments for the 2005 tax year. During the second quarter of 2010, the Company paid the agreed upon assessments for the 2008 tax year. During the second quarter of 2011, the Company received a refund from the IRS for the 2004 tax year. During the first quarter of 2012, the Company paid the agreed upon assessments for the 2010 tax year. Payments relating to other proposed assessments arising from the 2005 through 2012 examinations may not be made until a final agreement is reached between the Company and the IRS on such assessments or upon a final resolution resulting from the administrative appeals process or judicial action. In addition to the U.S. federal examination, there is also limited audit activity in several U.S. state and foreign jurisdictions.

 

3M anticipates changes to the Company’s uncertain tax positions due to the closing of various audit years mentioned above. Currently, the Company is not able to reasonably estimate the amount by which the liability for unrecognized tax benefits will increase or decrease during the next 12 months as a result of the ongoing income tax authority examinations. The total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively, are $246 million and $295 million.

 

The Company recognizes interest and penalties accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits in tax expense. The Company recognized in the consolidated statement of income on a gross basis approximately $3 million of benefit and $2 million of benefit for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and March 31, 2011, respectively. At March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, accrued interest and penalties in the consolidated balance sheet on a gross basis was $56 million. Included in these interest and penalty amounts are interest and penalties related to tax positions for which the ultimate deductibility is highly certain but for which there is uncertainty about the timing of such deductibility. Because of the impact of deferred tax accounting, other than interest and penalties, the disallowance of the shorter deductibility period would not affect the annual effective tax rate but would accelerate the payment of cash to the taxing authority to an earlier period.

 

The effective tax rate for the first three months of 2012 was 28.8 percent, compared to 28.6 percent in the first three months of 2011, an increase of 0.2 percent. The Company’s effective tax rate was negatively impacted during the first quarter of 2012 due to the lapse of the U.S. research and development credit and adjustments to its income tax reserves. This was partially offset by a benefit to international taxes, with this benefit largely due to the geographic mix of income before taxes and the corporate reorganization of a wholly owned international subsidiary in 2011.

 

The provision for income taxes is determined using the asset and liability approach. Under this approach, deferred income taxes represent the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts and tax basis of assets and liabilities. The Company records a valuation allowance to reduce its deferred tax assets when uncertainty regarding their realizability exits. As of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, the Company had valuation allowances of $30 million and $82 million on its deferred tax assets, respectively. The valuation allowance was reduced in the first quarter of 2012 due to the closure of audits with certain taxing authorities.

Marketable Securities
Marketable Securities

NOTE 6.  Marketable Securities

 

The Company invests in agency securities, corporate securities, asset-backed securities, treasury securities and other securities. The following is a summary of amounts recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheet for marketable securities (current and non-current).

 

 

 

March 31,

 

December 31,

 

(Millions) 

 

2012

 

2011

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S. government agency securities

 

$

105

 

$

119

 

Foreign government agency securities

 

3

 

8

 

Corporate debt securities

 

360

 

413

 

Commercial paper

 

70

 

30

 

Certificates of deposit/time deposits

 

58

 

49

 

U.S. treasury securities

 

20

 

 

U.S. municipal securities

 

14

 

9

 

Asset-backed securities:

 

 

 

 

 

Automobile loan related

 

484

 

530

 

Credit card related

 

220

 

244

 

Equipment lease related

 

59

 

54

 

Other

 

6

 

5

 

Asset-backed securities total

 

769

 

833

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current marketable securities

 

$

1,399

 

$

1,461

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S. government agency securities

 

$

257

 

$

361

 

Foreign government agency securities

 

 

15

 

Corporate debt securities

 

275

 

255

 

U.S. treasury securities

 

39

 

34

 

U.S. municipal securities

 

5

 

5

 

Auction rate securities

 

5

 

4

 

Asset-backed securities:

 

 

 

 

 

Automobile loan related

 

99

 

188

 

Credit card related

 

39

 

24

 

Equipment lease related

 

44

 

10

 

Asset-backed securities total

 

182

 

222

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non-current marketable securities

 

$

763

 

$

896

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total marketable securities

 

$

2,162

 

$

2,357

 

 

Classification of marketable securities as current or non-current is dependent upon management’s intended holding period, the security’s maturity date and liquidity considerations based on market conditions. If management intends to hold the securities for longer than one year as of the balance sheet date, they are classified as non-current. At March 31, 2012, gross unrealized losses totaled approximately $9 million (pre-tax), while gross unrealized gains totaled approximately $4 million (pre-tax). At December 31, 2011, gross unrealized losses totaled approximately $12 million (pre-tax), while gross unrealized gains totaled approximately $3 million (pre-tax). Gross realized gains and losses on sales or maturities of marketable securities for the first three months of 2012 and 2011 were not material. Cost of securities sold use the first in, first out (FIFO) method. Since these marketable securities are classified as available-for-sale securities, changes in fair value will flow through other comprehensive income, with amounts reclassified out of other comprehensive income into earnings upon sale or “other-than-temporary” impairment.

 

3M reviews impairments associated with its marketable securities in accordance with the measurement guidance provided by ASC 320, Investments-Debt and Equity Securities, when determining the classification of the impairment as “temporary” or “other-than-temporary”. A temporary impairment charge results in an unrealized loss being recorded in the other comprehensive income component of shareholders’ equity. Such an unrealized loss does not reduce net income attributable to 3M for the applicable accounting period because the loss is not viewed as other-than-temporary. The factors evaluated to differentiate between temporary and other-than-temporary include the projected future cash flows, credit ratings actions, and assessment of the credit quality of the underlying collateral, as well as other factors.

 

The balances at March 31, 2012 for marketable securities by contractual maturity are shown below. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because the issuers of the securities may have the right to prepay obligations without prepayment penalties.

 

(Millions)

 

March 31, 2012

 

 

 

 

 

Due in one year or less

 

$

915

 

Due after one year through three years

 

1,085

 

Due after three years through five years

 

147

 

Due after five years

 

15

 

 

 

 

 

Total marketable securities

 

$

2,162

 

 

3M has a diversified marketable securities portfolio of $2.162 billion as of March 31, 2012. Within this portfolio, current and long-term asset-backed securities (estimated fair value of $951 million) are primarily comprised of interests in automobile loans and credit cards. At March 31, 2012, the asset-backed securities credit ratings were AAA/Aaa or A-1+/P1, with the exception of two securities (one rated AAA/A3 and one rated AAA/Aa3) with a fair market value of approximately $5 million.

 

3M’s marketable securities portfolio includes auction rate securities that represent interests in investment grade credit default swaps; however, currently these holdings comprise less than one percent of this portfolio. The estimated fair value of auction rate securities was $5 million and $4 million as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively. Gross unrealized losses within accumulated other comprehensive income related to auction rate securities totaled $8 million (pre-tax) and $9 million (pre-tax) as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively. As of March 31, 2012, auction rate securities associated with these balances have been in a loss position for more than 12 months. Since the second half of 2007, these auction rate securities failed to auction due to sell orders exceeding buy orders. Liquidity for these auction-rate securities is typically provided by an auction process that resets the applicable interest rate at pre-determined intervals, usually every 7, 28, 35, or 90 days. The funds associated with failed auctions will not be accessible until a successful auction occurs or a buyer is found outside of the auction process. Refer to Note 9 for a table that reconciles the beginning and ending balances of auction rate securities.

Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans
Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans

NOTE 7.  Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans

 

Components of net periodic benefit cost and other supplemental information for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011 follow:

 

Benefit Plan Information

 

 

 

Three months ended March 31,

 

 

 

Qualified and Non-qualified

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pension Benefits

 

Postretirement

 

 

 

United States

 

International

 

Benefits

 

(Millions)

 

2012

 

2011

 

2012

 

2011

 

2012

 

2011

 

Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Service cost

 

$

63

 

$

51

 

$

31

 

$

28

 

$

19

 

$

15

 

Interest cost

 

147

 

158

 

61

 

62

 

22

 

23

 

Expected return on plan assets

 

(248

)

(232

)

(73

)

(70

)

(21

)

(19

)

Amortization of transition (asset) obligation

 

 

 

(1

)

 

 

 

Amortization of prior service cost (benefit)

 

2

 

3

 

(4

)

(3

)

(18

)

(18

)

Amortization of net actuarial (gain) loss

 

117

 

83

 

30

 

28

 

27

 

26

 

Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)

 

$

81

 

$

63

 

$

44

 

$

45

 

$

29

 

$

27

 

Settlements, curtailments, special termination benefits and other

 

26

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net periodic benefit cost (benefit) after settlements, curtailments, special termination benefits and other

 

$

107

 

$

63

 

$

44

 

$

45

 

$

29

 

$

27

 

 

For the three months ended March 31, 2012, contributions totaling $300 million were made to the Company’s U.S. and international pension plans and $37 million to its postretirement plans. For total year 2012, the Company expects to contribute approximately $1 billion of cash to its U.S. and international pension and postretirement plans. The Company does not have a required minimum cash pension contribution obligation for its U.S. plans in 2012. Therefore, the amount of the anticipated discretionary pension contribution could vary significantly depending on the U.S. plans’ funded status and the anticipated tax deductibility of the contribution. Future contributions will also depend on market conditions, interest rates and other factors. 3M’s annual measurement date for pension and postretirement assets and liabilities is December 31 each year, which is also the date used for the related annual measurement assumptions.

 

In December 2011, the Company began offering a voluntary early retirement incentive program to certain eligible participants of its U.S. pension plans who met age and years of pension service requirements. The eligible participants who accepted the offer and retired on February 1, 2012 received an enhanced pension benefit. Pension benefits are enhanced by adding one additional year of pension service and one additional year of age for certain benefit calculations. 616 participants accepted the offer and retired on February 1, 2012. As a result, the Company incurred a $26 million charge related to these special termination benefits in the first quarter of 2012.

 

3M was informed during the first quarter of 2009 that the general partners of WG Trading Company, in which 3M’s benefit plans hold limited partnership interests, are the subject of a criminal investigation as well as civil proceedings by the SEC and CFTC (Commodity Futures Trading Commission). In March 2011, over the objections of 3M and six other limited partners of WG Trading Company, the district court judge ruled in favor of the court appointed receiver’s proposed distribution plan. In April 2011, the 3M benefit plans received their share under the court-ordered distribution plan. 3M and six other limited partners of WG Trading Company have appealed the court’s order to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit. The benefit plan trustee holdings of WG Trading Company interests were adjusted to reflect the decreased estimated fair market value, inclusive of estimated insurance proceeds, as of the annual measurement dates. The Company has insurance that it believes, based on what is currently known, will result in the recovery of a portion of the decrease in original asset value. As of the 2011 measurement date these holdings represented less than one percent of 3M’s fair value of total plan assets. 3M currently believes that the resolution of these events will not have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial position of the Company.

Derivatives
Derivatives

NOTE 8.  Derivatives

 

The Company uses interest rate swaps, currency swaps, commodity price swaps, and forward and option contracts to manage risks generally associated with foreign exchange rate, interest rate and commodity price fluctuations. The information that follows explains the various types of derivatives and financial instruments used by 3M, how and why 3M uses such instruments, how such instruments are accounted for, and how such instruments impact 3M’s financial position and performance.

 

Additional information with respect to the impacts on other comprehensive income of nonderivative hedging and derivative instruments is included in Note 4. Additional information with respect to the fair value of derivative instruments is included in Note 9. References to information regarding derivatives and/or hedging instruments associated with the Company’s long-term debt are also made in Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in 3M’s 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

Types of Derivatives/Hedging Instruments and Inclusion in Income/Other Comprehensive Income

 

Cash Flow Hedges:

 

For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative is reported as a component of other comprehensive income and reclassified into earnings in the same period during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. Gains and losses on the derivative representing either hedge ineffectiveness or hedge components excluded from the assessment of effectiveness are recognized in current earnings.

 

Cash Flow Hedging - Foreign Currency Forward and Option Contracts: The Company enters into foreign exchange forward and option contracts to hedge against the effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash flows denominated in foreign currencies and certain intercompany financing transactions. These transactions are designated as cash flow hedges. The settlement or extension of these derivatives will result in reclassifications (from accumulated other comprehensive income) to earnings in the period during which the hedged transactions affect earnings. Generally, 3M dedesignates these cash flow hedge relationships in advance of the occurrence of the forecasted transaction. The portion of gains or losses on the derivative instrument previously accumulated in other comprehensive income for dedesignated hedges remains in accumulated other comprehensive income until the forecasted transaction occurs. Changes in the value of derivative instruments after dedesignation are recorded in earnings and are included in the Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments section below. Hedge ineffectiveness and the amount excluded from effectiveness testing recognized in income on cash flow hedges were not material for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011. The maximum length of time over which 3M hedges its exposure to the variability in future cash flows for a majority of the forecasted transactions is 12 months and, accordingly, at March 31, 2012, the majority of the Company’s open foreign exchange forward and option contracts had maturities of one year or less. The dollar equivalent gross notional amount of the Company’s foreign exchange forward and option contracts designated as cash flow hedges at March 31, 2012 was approximately $5.2 billion.

 

Cash Flow Hedging - Commodity Price Management: The Company manages commodity price risks through negotiated supply contracts, price protection agreements and forward physical contracts. The Company uses commodity price swaps relative to natural gas as cash flow hedges of forecasted transactions to manage price volatility. The related mark-to-market gain or loss on qualifying hedges is included in other comprehensive income to the extent effective, and reclassified into cost of sales in the period during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. Generally, the length of time over which 3M hedges its exposure to the variability in future cash flows for its forecasted natural gas transactions is 12 months. No significant commodity cash flow hedges were discontinued and hedge ineffectiveness was not material for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011. The dollar equivalent gross notional amount of the Company’s natural gas commodity price swaps designated as cash flow hedges at March 31, 2012 was $23 million.

 

Cash Flow Hedging - Forecasted Debt Issuance: In August 2011, in anticipation of the September 2011 issuance of $1 billion in five-year fixed rate notes, 3M executed a pre-issuance cash flow hedge on a notional amount of $400 million by entering into a forward-starting five-year floating-to-fixed interest rate swap. Upon debt issuance in September 2011, 3M terminated the floating-to-fixed interest rate swap. The termination of the swap resulted in a $7 million pre-tax loss ($4 million after-tax) that is amortized over the five-year life of the note and, when material, is included in the tables below as part of the loss recognized in income on the effective portion of derivatives as a result of reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income.

 

As of March 31, 2012, the Company had a balance of $7 million associated with the after-tax net unrealized gain associated with cash flow hedging instruments recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income. This includes a $4 million balance (loss) related to a floating-to-fixed interest rate swap (discussed in the preceding paragraph), which is being amortized over the five-year life of the note. 3M expects to reclassify a majority of the remaining balance to earnings over the next 12 months (with the impact offset by cash flows from underlying hedged items).

 

The location in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income and amounts of gains and losses related to derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges are provided in the following table. Reclassifications of amounts from accumulated other comprehensive income into income include accumulated gains (losses) on dedesignated hedges at the time earnings are impacted by the forecasted transaction.

 

Three months ended March 31, 2012
(Millions)

 

Pretax Gain (Loss)
Recognized in Other
Comprehensive
Income on Effective
Portion of Derivative

 

Pretax Gain (Loss) Recognized in
Income on Effective Portion of
Derivative as a Result of
Reclassification from
Accumulated Other
Comprehensive Income

 

Ineffective Portion of Gain
(Loss) on Derivative and
Amount Excluded from
Effectiveness Testing
Recognized in Income

 

Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships

 

Amount

 

Location

 

Amount

 

Location

 

Amount

 

Foreign currency forward/option contracts

 

$

(24

)

Cost of sales

 

$

 

Cost of sales

 

$

 

Foreign currency forward contracts

 

1

 

Interest expense

 

 

Interest expense

 

 

Commodity price swap contracts

 

(5

)

Cost of sales

 

(4

)

Cost of sales

 

 —

 

Total

 

$

(28

)

 

 

$

(4

)

 

 

$

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three months ended March 31, 2011
(Millions)

 

Pretax Gain (Loss)
Recognized in Other
Comprehensive
Income on Effective
Portion of Derivative

 

Pretax Gain (Loss) Recognized in
Income on Effective Portion of
Derivative as a Result of
Reclassification from
Accumulated Other
Comprehensive Income

 

Ineffective Portion of Gain
(Loss) on Derivative and
Amount Excluded from
Effectiveness Testing
Recognized in Income

 

Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships

 

Amount

 

Location

 

Amount

 

Location

 

Amount

 

Foreign currency forward/option contracts

 

$

(34

)

Cost of sales

 

$

(6

)

Cost of sales

 

$

 

Foreign currency forward contracts

 

8

 

Interest expense

 

10

 

Interest expense

 

 

Commodity price swap contracts

 

(1

)

Cost of sales

 

(4

)

Cost of sales

 

 

Total

 

$

(27

)

 

 

$

 

 

 

$

 

 

Fair Value Hedges:

 

For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as fair value hedges, the gain or loss on the derivatives as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in current earnings.

 

Fair Value Hedging - Interest Rate Swaps: The Company manages interest expense using a mix of fixed and floating rate debt. To help manage borrowing costs, the Company may enter into interest rate swaps. Under these arrangements, the Company agrees to exchange, at specified intervals, the difference between fixed and floating interest amounts calculated by reference to an agreed-upon notional principal amount. The mark-to-market of these fair value hedges is recorded as gains or losses in interest expense and is offset by the gain or loss of the underlying debt instrument, which also is recorded in interest expense. These fair value hedges are highly effective and, thus, there is no impact on earnings due to hedge ineffectiveness. The dollar equivalent (based on inception date foreign currency exchange rates) gross notional amount of the Company’s interest rate swaps at March 31, 2012 was $342 million.

 

At March 31, 2012, the Company had interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges of underlying fixed rate obligations. In July 2007, in connection with the issuance of a seven-year Eurobond for an amount of 750 million Euros, the Company completed a fixed-to-floating interest rate swap on a notional amount of 400 million Euros as a fair value hedge of a portion of the fixed interest rate Eurobond obligation. In August 2010, the Company terminated 150 million Euros of the notional amount of this swap. As a result, a gain of 18 million Euros, recorded as part of the balance of the underlying debt, will be amortized over this debt’s remaining life. Prior to termination of the applicable portion of the interest rate swap, the mark-to-market of the hedge instrument was recorded as gains or losses in interest expense and was offset by the gain or loss on carrying value of the underlying debt instrument. Consequently, the subsequent amortization of the 18 million Euros recorded as part of the underlying debt balance is not part of gain on hedged items recognized in income in the tables below.

 

The Company also had two fixed-to-floating interest rate swaps with an aggregate notional amount of $800 million designated as fair value hedges of the fixed interest rate obligation under its $800 million, three-year, 4.50% notes issued in October 2008. These swaps and underlying note matured in the fourth quarter of 2011.

 

The location in the consolidated statements of income and amounts of gains and losses related to derivative instruments designated as fair value hedges and similar information relative to the hedged items are as follows:

 

Three months ended March 31, 2012

 

Gain (Loss) on Derivative

 

Gain (Loss) on Hedged Item

 

(Millions)

 

Recognized in Income

 

Recognized in Income

 

Derivatives in Fair Value Hedging Relationships

 

Location

 

Amount

 

Location

 

Amount

 

Interest rate swap contracts

 

Interest expense

 

$

(1

)

Interest expense

 

$

1

 

Total

 

 

 

$

(1

)

 

 

$

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three months ended March 31, 2011

 

Gain (Loss) on Derivative

 

Gain (Loss) on Hedged Item

 

(Millions)

 

Recognized in Income

 

Recognized in Income

 

Derivatives in Fair Value Hedging Relationships

 

Location

 

Amount

 

Location

 

Amount

 

Interest rate swap contracts

 

Interest expense

 

$

(10

)

Interest expense

 

$

10

 

Total

 

 

 

$

(10

)

 

 

$

10

 

 

Net Investment Hedges:

 

As circumstances warrant, the Company uses cross currency swaps, forwards and foreign currency denominated debt to hedge portions of the Company’s net investments in foreign operations. For hedges that meet the effectiveness requirements, the net gains or losses attributable to changes in spot exchange rates are recorded in cumulative translation within other comprehensive income. The remainder of the change in value of such instruments is recorded in earnings. Recognition in earnings of amounts previously recorded in cumulative translation is limited to circumstances such as complete or substantially complete liquidation of the net investment in the hedged foreign operation. At March 31, 2012, there were no cross currency swaps and foreign currency forward contracts designated as net investment hedges.

 

In addition to the derivative instruments used as hedging instruments in net investment hedges, 3M also uses foreign currency denominated debt as nonderivative hedging instruments in certain net investment hedges. In July and December 2007, the Company issued seven-year fixed rate Eurobond securities for amounts of 750 million Euros and 275 million Euros, respectively. 3M designated each of these Eurobond issuances as hedging instruments of the Company’s net investment in its European subsidiaries.

 

The location in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income and amounts of gains and losses related to derivative and nonderivative instruments designated as net investment hedges are as follows. There were no reclassifications of the effective portion of net investment hedges out of accumulated other comprehensive income into income for the periods presented in the table below.

 

Three months ended March 31, 2012
Derivative and Nonderivative Instruments in Net Investment Hedging
Relationships

 

Pretax Gain (Loss)
Recognized as Cumulative
Translation within Other
Comprehensive Income
on Effective Portion of
Instrument

 

Ineffective Portion of Gain
(Loss) on Instrument and
Amount Excluded from
Effectiveness Testing
Recognized in Income

 

(Millions)

 

Amount

 

Location

 

Amount

 

Foreign currency denominated debt

 

$

(40

)

N/A

 

$

 

Total

 

$

(40

)

 

 

$

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three months ended March 31, 2011
Derivative and Nonderivative Instruments in Net Investment Hedging
Relationships

 

Pretax Gain (Loss)
Recognized as Cumulative
Translation within Other
Comprehensive Income
on Effective Portion of
Instrument

 

Ineffective Portion of Gain
(Loss) on Instrument and
Amount Excluded from
Effectiveness Testing
Recognized in Income

 

(Millions)

 

Amount

 

Location

 

Amount

 

Foreign currency denominated debt

 

$

(85

)

N/A

 

$

 

Total

 

$

(85

)

 

 

$

 

 

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments:

 

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments include dedesignated foreign currency forward and option contracts that formerly were designated in cash flow hedging relationships (as referenced in the preceding Cash Flow Hedges section). In addition, 3M enters into foreign currency forward contracts and commodity price swaps to offset, in part, the impacts of certain intercompany activities (primarily associated with intercompany licensing arrangements) and fluctuations in costs associated with the use of certain precious metals, respectively. These derivative instruments are not designated in hedging relationships; therefore, fair value gains and losses on these contracts are recorded in earnings. The dollar equivalent gross notional amount of these forward, option and swap contracts not designated as hedging instruments totaled $1.1 billion as of March 31, 2012. The Company does not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for trading purposes.

 

The location in the consolidated statements of income and amounts of gains and losses related to derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments are as follows:

 

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments

 

Three months ended March 31, 2012
Gain (Loss) on Derivative Recognized in Income

 

(Millions)

 

Location

 

Amount

 

Foreign currency forward/option contracts

 

Cost of sales

 

$

(15

)

Foreign currency forward contracts

 

Interest expense

 

27

 

Commodity price swap contracts

 

Cost of sales

 

1

 

Total

 

 

 

$

13

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments

 

Three months ended March 31, 2011
Gain (Loss) on Derivative Recognized in Income

 

(Millions)

 

Location

 

Amount

 

Foreign currency forward/option contracts

 

Cost of sales

 

$

(12

)

Foreign currency forward contracts

 

Interest expense

 

16

 

Total

 

 

 

$

4

 

 

Location and Fair Value Amount of Derivative Instruments

 

The following tables summarize the fair value of 3M’s derivative instruments, excluding nonderivative instruments used as hedging instruments, and their location in the consolidated balance sheet. Additional information with respect to the fair value of derivative instruments is included in Note 9.

 

March 31, 2012

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(Millions)

 

Assets

 

Liabilities

 

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments

 

Location

 

Amount

 

Location

 

Amount

 

Derivatives designated as hedging instruments

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign currency forward/option contracts

 

Other current assets

 

$

34

 

Other current liabilities

 

$

36

 

Commodity price swap contracts

 

Other current assets

 

 

Other current liabilities

 

7

 

Interest rate swap contracts

 

Other assets

 

27

 

Other liabilities

 

 

Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments

 

 

 

$

61

 

 

 

$

43

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign currency forward/option contracts

 

Other current assets

 

$

18

 

Other current liabilities

 

$

11

 

Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments

 

 

 

$

18

 

 

 

$

11

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total derivative instruments

 

 

 

$

79

 

 

 

$

54

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

December 31, 2011

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(Millions)

 

Assets

 

Liabilities

 

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments

 

Location

 

Amount

 

Location

 

Amount

 

Derivatives designated as hedging instruments

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign currency forward/option contracts

 

Other current assets

 

$

82

 

Other current liabilities

 

$

34

 

Commodity price swap contracts

 

Other current assets

 

 

Other current liabilities

 

7

 

Interest rate swap contracts

 

Other assets

 

28

 

Other liabilities

 

 

Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments

 

 

 

$

110

 

 

 

$

41

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign currency forward/option contracts

 

Other current assets

 

$

25

 

Other current liabilities

 

$

8

 

Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments

 

 

 

$

25

 

 

 

$

8

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total derivative instruments

 

 

 

$

135

 

 

 

$

49

 

 

Currency Effects and Credit Risk

 

Currency Effects: 3M estimates that year-on-year currency effects, including hedging impacts, decreased net income attributable to 3M by approximately $26 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012. This estimate includes the effect of translating profits from local currencies into U.S. dollars and the impact of currency fluctuations on the transfer of goods between 3M operations in the United States and abroad. This estimate also includes year-on-year currency effects from transaction gains and losses, including derivative instruments designed to reduce foreign currency exchange rate risks and the negative impact of swapping Venezuelan bolivars into U.S. dollars, which 3M estimates decreased net income attributable to 3M by approximately $7 million for three months ended March 31, 2012.

 

Credit Risk: The Company is exposed to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by counterparties in interest rate swaps, currency swaps, commodity price swaps, and forward and option contracts. However, the Company’s risk is limited to the fair value of the instruments. The Company actively monitors its exposure to credit risk through the use of credit approvals and credit limits, and by selecting major international banks and financial institutions as counterparties. 3M enters into master netting agreements with counterparties when possible to mitigate credit risk in derivative transactions. A master netting arrangement may allow counterparties to net settle amounts owed to each other as a result of multiple, separate derivative transactions. The Company does not anticipate nonperformance by any of these counterparties. 3M has credit support agreements in place with two of its primary derivatives counterparties. Under these agreements, either party is required to post eligible collateral when the market value of transactions covered by these agreements exceeds specified thresholds, thus limiting credit exposure for both parties. For presentation purposes on 3M’s consolidated balance sheet, the fair value of derivative assets or liabilities are presented on a gross basis even when derivative transactions are subject to master netting arrangements and may qualify for net presentation.

Fair Value Measurements
Fair Value Measurements

NOTE 9.  Fair Value Measurements

 

3M follows ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, with respect to assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis and nonrecurring basis. Under the standard, fair value is defined as the exit price, or the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants as of the measurement date. The standard also establishes a hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are inputs market participants would use in valuing the asset or liability developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the Company’s assumptions about the factors market participants would use in valuing the asset or liability developed based upon the best information available in the circumstances. The hierarchy is broken down into three levels. Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, and inputs (other than quoted prices) that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability. Categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

 

Assets and Liabilities that are Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis:

 

For 3M, assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis primarily relate to available-for-sale marketable securities, available-for-sale investments (included as part of investments in the Consolidated Balance Sheet) and certain derivative instruments. Derivatives include cash flow hedges, interest rate swaps and most net investment hedges. The information in the following paragraphs and tables primarily addresses matters relative to these financial assets and liabilities. Separately, there were no material fair value measurements with respect to nonfinancial assets or liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the Company’s financial statements on a recurring basis for the three month periods ended March 31, 2012 and 2011.

 

3M uses various valuation techniques, which are primarily based upon the market and income approaches, with respect to financial assets and liabilities. Following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for the respective financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value.

 

Available-for-sale marketable securities — except auction rate securities:

 

Marketable securities, except auction rate securities, are valued utilizing multiple sources. A weighted average price is used for these securities. Market prices are obtained for these securities from a variety of industry standard data providers, security master files from large financial institutions, and other third-party sources. These multiple prices are used as inputs into a distribution-curve-based algorithm to determine the daily fair value to be used. 3M classifies U.S. treasury securities as level 1, while all other marketable securities (excluding auction rate securities) are classified as level 2. Marketable securities are discussed further in Note 6.

 

Available-for-sale marketable securities — auction rate securities only:

 

As discussed in Note 6, auction rate securities held by 3M failed to auction since the second half of 2007. As a result, investments in auction rate securities are valued utilizing third-party indicative bid levels in markets that are not active and broker-dealer valuation models that utilize inputs such as current/forward interest rates, current market conditions and credit default swap spreads. 3M classifies these securities as level 3.

 

Available-for-sale investments:

 

Investments include equity securities that are traded in an active market. Closing stock prices are readily available from active markets and are used as being representative of fair value. 3M classifies these securities as level 1.

 

Derivative instruments:

 

The Company’s derivative assets and liabilities within the scope of ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging, are required to be recorded at fair value. The Company’s derivatives that are recorded at fair value include foreign currency forward and option contracts, commodity price swaps, interest rate swaps, and net investment hedges where the hedging instrument is recorded at fair value. Net investment hedges that use foreign currency denominated debt to hedge 3M’s net investment are not impacted by the fair value measurement standard under ASC 820, as the debt used as the hedging instrument is marked to a value with respect to changes in spot foreign currency exchange rates and not with respect to other factors that may impact fair value.

 

3M has determined that foreign currency forwards and commodity price swaps will be considered level 1 measurements as these are traded in active markets which have identical asset or liabilities, while currency swaps, foreign currency options, interest rate swaps and cross-currency swaps will be considered level 2. For level 2 derivatives, 3M uses inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset. These inputs include foreign currency exchange rates, volatilities, and interest rates. The level 2 derivative positions are primarily valued using standard calculations/models that use as their basis readily observable market parameters. Industry standard data providers are 3M’s primary source for forward and spot rate information for both interest rates and currency rates, with resulting valuations periodically validated through third-party or counterparty quotes and a net present value stream of cash flows model.

 

The following tables provide information by level for assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

 

 

 

 

 

Fair Value Measurements

 

(Millions)

 

Fair Value at

 

Using Inputs Considered as

 

Description

 

Mar. 31, 2012

 

Level 1

 

Level 2

 

Level 3

 

Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Available-for-sale:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Marketable securities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S. government agency securities

 

$

362

 

$

 

$

362

 

$

 

Foreign government agency securities

 

3

 

 

3

 

 

Corporate debt securities

 

635

 

 

635

 

 

Certificates of deposit/time deposits

 

58

 

 

58

 

 

Commercial paper

 

70

 

 

70

 

 

Asset-backed securities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Automobile loan related

 

583

 

 

583

 

 

Credit card related

 

259

 

 

259

 

 

Equipment lease related

 

103

 

 

103

 

 

Other

 

6

 

 

6

 

 

U.S. treasury securities

 

59

 

59

 

 

 

U.S. municipal securities

 

19

 

 

19

 

 

Auction rate securities

 

5

 

 

 

5

 

Investments

 

3

 

3

 

 

 

Derivative instruments — assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign currency forward/option contracts

 

52

 

47

 

5

 

 

Interest rate swap contracts

 

27

 

 

27

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivative instruments — liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign currency forward/option contracts

 

47

 

47

 

 

 

Commodity price swap contracts

 

7

 

7

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fair Value Measurements

 

(Millions)

 

Fair Value at

 

Using Inputs Considered as

 

Description

 

Dec. 31, 2011

 

Level 1

 

Level 2

 

Level 3

 

Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Available-for-sale:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Marketable securities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S. government agency securities

 

$

480

 

$

 

$

480

 

$

 

Foreign government agency securities

 

23

 

 

23

 

 

Corporate debt securities

 

668

 

 

668

 

 

Certificates of deposit/time deposits

 

49

 

 

49

 

 

Commercial paper

 

30

 

 

30

 

 

Asset-backed securities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Automobile loan related

 

718

 

 

718

 

 

Credit card related

 

268

 

 

268

 

 

Equipment lease related

 

64

 

 

64

 

 

Other

 

5

 

 

5

 

 

U.S. treasury securities

 

34

 

34

 

 

 

U.S. municipal securities

 

14

 

 

14

 

 

Auction rate securities

 

4

 

 

 

4

 

Investments

 

4

 

4

 

 

 

Derivative instruments — assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign currency forward/option contracts

 

107

 

98

 

9

 

 

Interest rate swap contracts

 

28

 

 

28

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivative instruments — liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign currency forward/option contracts

 

42

 

42

 

 

 

Commodity price swap contracts

 

7

 

7

 

 

 

 

The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of items measured at fair value on a recurring basis in the table above that used significant unobservable inputs (Level 3).

 

 

 

Three months ended

 

(Millions)

 

March 31,

 

Marketable securities — auction rate securities only

 

2012

 

2011

 

Beginning balance

 

$

4

 

$

7

 

Total gains or losses:

 

 

 

 

 

Included in earnings

 

 

 

Included in other comprehensive income

 

1

 

 

Purchases, issuances, and settlements

 

 

 

Transfers in and/or out of Level 3

 

 

 

Ending balance (March 31)

 

5

 

7

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Additional losses included in earnings due to reclassifications from other comprehensive income for:

 

 

 

 

 

Securities sold during the period ended March 31

 

 

 

Securities still held at March 31

 

 

 

 

In addition, the plan assets of 3M’s pension and postretirement benefit plans are measured at fair value on a recurring basis (at least annually). Refer to Note 11 in 3M’s 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

Assets and Liabilities that are Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis:

 

Disclosures are required for certain assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value, but are recognized and disclosed at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in periods subsequent to initial recognition. For 3M, such measurements of fair value relate primarily to long-lived asset impairments. There were no material long-lived asset impairments for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011.

 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments:

 

The Company’s financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities, accounts receivable, certain investments, accounts payable, borrowings, and derivative contracts. The carrying values approximated fair values for cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and short-term borrowings and current portion of long-term debt because of the short-term nature of these instruments. Available-for-sale marketable securities and investments, in addition to certain derivative instruments, are recorded at fair values as indicated in the preceding disclosures. For its long-term debt the Company utilized third-party quotes to estimate fair values (classified as level 2). Information with respect to the carrying amounts and estimated fair values of these financial instruments follow:

 

 

 

March 31, 2012

 

December 31, 2011

 

 

 

Carrying

 

Fair

 

Carrying

 

Fair

 

(Millions)

 

Value

 

Value

 

Value

 

Value

 

Long-term debt, excluding current portion

 

$

4,510

 

$

4,942

 

$

4,484

 

$

5,002

 

 

The fair values reflected above consider the terms of the related debt absent the impacts of derivative/hedging activity. The carrying amount of long-term debt referenced above is impacted by certain fixed-to-floating interest rate swaps that are designated as fair value hedges and by the designation of fixed rate Eurobond securities issued by the Company as hedging instruments of the Company’s net investment in its European subsidiaries. 3M’s fixed-rate bonds were trading at a premium at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011 due to the low interest rates and tightening of 3M’s credit spreads.

Commitments and Contingencies
Commitments and Contingencies

NOTE 10.  Commitments and Contingencies

 

Legal Proceedings:

 

The Company and some of its subsidiaries are involved in numerous claims and lawsuits, principally in the United States, and regulatory proceedings worldwide. These include various products liability (involving products that the Company now or formerly manufactured and sold), intellectual property, and commercial claims and lawsuits, including those brought under the antitrust laws, and environmental proceedings. Unless otherwise stated, the Company is vigorously defending all such litigation. Additional information can be found in Note 14 “Commitments and Contingencies” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011, including information about the Company’s process for disclosure and recording of liabilities and insurance receivables related to legal proceedings.

 

The following table shows the major categories of significant legal matters — respirator mask/asbestos litigation (including Aearo - described below), environmental remediation and other environmental liabilities — for which the Company has been able to estimate its probable liability and for which the Company has taken reserves and the related insurance receivables:

 

Liability and Receivable Balances

 

 

 

 

 

(Millions)

 

Mar. 31, 2012

 

Dec. 31, 2011

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Respirator mask/asbestos liabilities

 

$

133

 

$

130

 

Respirator mask/asbestos insurance receivables

 

124

 

121

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Environmental remediation liabilities

 

$

30

 

$

28

 

Environmental remediation insurance receivables

 

15

 

15

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other environmental liabilities

 

$

70

 

$

75

 

 

The following sections first describe the significant legal proceedings in which the Company is involved, and then describe the liabilities and associated insurance receivables the Company has accrued relating to its significant legal proceedings.

 

Respirator Mask/Asbestos Litigation

 

As of March 31, 2012, the Company is a named defendant, with multiple co-defendants, in numerous lawsuits in various courts that purport to represent approximately 2,200 individual claimants compared to approximately 2,260 individual claimants with actions pending at December 31, 2011.

 

The vast majority of the lawsuits and claims resolved by and currently pending against the Company allege use of some of the Company’s mask and respirator products and seek damages from the Company and other defendants for alleged personal injury from workplace exposures to asbestos, silica, coal mine dust or other occupational dusts found in products manufactured by other defendants or generally in the workplace. A minority of claimants generally allege personal injury from occupational exposure to asbestos from products previously manufactured by the Company, which are often unspecified, as well as products manufactured by other defendants, or occasionally at Company premises.

 

The Company’s current volume of new and pending matters is substantially lower than its historical experience. The Company expects that filing of claims by unimpaired claimants in the future will continue to be at much lower levels than in the past. Accordingly, the number of claims alleging more serious injuries, including mesothelioma and other malignancies, will represent a greater percentage of total claims than in the past. The Company has prevailed in all nine cases taken to trial, including seven of the eight cases tried to verdict (such trials occurred in 1999, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2004, and 2007), and an appellate reversal in 2005 of the 2001 jury verdict adverse to the Company. The ninth case, tried in 2009, was dismissed by the Court at the close of plaintiff’s evidence, based on the Court’s legal finding that the plaintiff had not presented sufficient evidence to support a jury verdict. The plaintiffs appealed but in February 2012 the California Court of Appeals granted the plaintiff’s voluntary dismissal of the appeal.

 

The Company has demonstrated in these past trial proceedings that its respiratory protection products are effective as claimed when used in the intended manner and in the intended circumstances. Consequently the Company believes that claimants are unable to establish that their medical conditions, even if significant, are attributable to the Company’s respiratory protection products. Nonetheless the Company’s litigation experience indicates that claims of persons with malignant conditions are costlier to resolve than the claims of unimpaired persons, and it therefore believes the average cost of resolving pending and future claims on a per-claim basis will continue to be higher than it experienced in prior periods when the vast majority of claims were asserted by the unimpaired.

 

As previously reported, the State of West Virginia, through its Attorney General, filed a complaint in 2003 against the Company and two other manufacturers of respiratory protection products in the Circuit Court of Lincoln County, West Virginia and amended its complaint in 2005. The amended complaint seeks substantial, but unspecified, compensatory damages primarily for reimbursement of the costs allegedly incurred by the State for worker’s compensation and healthcare benefits provided to all workers with occupational pneumoconiosis and unspecified punitive damages. While the case has been inactive since the fourth quarter of 2007, the Court held a case management conference in March 2011, but no further activity has occurred in the case since that conference. No liability has been recorded for this matter because the Company believes that liability is not probable and estimable at this time. In addition, the Company is not able to estimate a possible loss or range of loss given the minimal activity in this case and the fact that the complaint asserts claims against two other manufacturers where a defendant’s share of liability may turn on the law of joint and several liability and by the amount of fault a jury allocates to each defendant if a case is ultimately tried.

 

Respirator Mask/Asbestos Liabilities and Insurance Receivables: The Company estimates its respirator mask/asbestos liabilities, including the cost to resolve the claims and defense costs, by examining: (i) the Company’s experience in resolving claims, (ii) apparent trends, (iii) the apparent quality of claims (e.g., whether the claim has been asserted on behalf of asymptomatic claimants), (iv) changes in the nature and mix of claims (e.g., the proportion of claims asserting usage of the Company’s mask or respirator products and alleging exposure to each of asbestos, silica, coal or other occupational dusts, and claims pleading use of asbestos-containing products allegedly manufactured by the Company), (v) the number of current claims and a projection of the number of future asbestos and other claims that may be filed against the Company, (vi) the cost to resolve recently settled claims, and (vii) an estimate of the cost to resolve and defend against current and future claims.

 

Developments may occur that could affect the Company’s estimate of its liabilities. These developments include, but are not limited to, significant changes in (i) the number of future claims, (ii) the average cost of resolving claims, (iii) the legal costs of defending these claims and in maintaining trial readiness, (iv) changes in the mix and nature of claims received, (v) trial and appellate outcomes, (vi) changes in the law and procedure applicable to these claims, and (vii) the financial viability of other co-defendants and insurers.

 

As a result of the greater cost of resolving claims of persons with more serious injuries, including mesothelioma and other malignancies, the Company increased its reserves in the first quarter of 2012 for respirator mask/asbestos liabilities by $17 million. As of March 31, 2012, the Company had reserves for respirator mask/asbestos liabilities of $104 million (excluding Aearo reserves). The Company cannot estimate the amount or range of amounts by which the liability may exceed the reserve the Company has established because of the (i) inherent difficulty in projecting the number of claims that have not yet been asserted, particularly with respect to the Company’s respiratory products that themselves did not contain any harmful materials, (ii) the complaints nearly always assert claims against multiple defendants where the damages alleged are typically not attributed to individual defendants so that a defendant’s share of liability may turn on the law of joint and several liability, which can vary by state, (iii) the multiple factors described above that the Company considers in estimating its liabilities, and (iv) the several possible developments described above that may occur that could affect the Company’s estimate of liabilities.

 

As of March 31, 2012, the Company’s receivable for insurance recoveries related to the respirator mask/asbestos litigation was $124 million. During the first quarter of 2012, the Company increased its receivables for insurance recoveries by $3 million related to this litigation.

 

Various factors could affect the timing and amount of recovery of this receivable, including (i) delays in or avoidance of payment by insurers; (ii) the extent to which insurers may become insolvent in the future, and (iii) the outcome of negotiations with insurers and legal proceedings with respect to respirator mask/asbestos liability insurance coverage. The difference between the accrued liability and insurance receivable represents in part the time delay between payment of claims on the one hand and receipt of insurance reimbursements on the other hand. Because of the lag time between settlement and payment of a claim, no meaningful conclusions may be drawn from quarterly or annual changes in the amount of receivables for expected insurance recoveries or changes in the number of claimants.

 

As previously reported, on January 5, 2007 the Company was served with a declaratory judgment action filed on behalf of two of its insurers (Continental Casualty and Continental Insurance Co. — both part of the Continental Casualty Group) disclaiming coverage for respirator mask/asbestos claims. These insurers represent approximately $15 million of the $124 million insurance recovery receivable referenced in the above table. The action, pending in the District Court in Ramsey County, Minnesota, seeks declaratory judgment regarding coverage provided by the policies and the allocation of covered costs among the policies issued by the various insurers. The action named, in addition to the Company, over 60 of the Company’s insurers. This action is similar in nature to an action filed in 1994 with respect to breast implant coverage, which ultimately resulted in the Minnesota Supreme Court’s ruling of 2003 that was largely in the Company’s favor. The plaintiff insurers have served an amended complaint that names some additional insurers and deletes others. A significant number of the insurer defendants named in the amended complaint have been dismissed because of settlements they have reached with 3M regarding the matters at issue in the lawsuit. The case is currently in the discovery phase. Trial is scheduled to begin in the fall of 2012. During the first quarter of 2012, the Company reached settlements with several insurers that will result in payments totaling approximately $28 million to the Company over the next two years, most of which will be received in 2012.

 

Respirator Mask/Asbestos Litigation — Aearo Technologies

 

On April 1, 2008, a subsidiary of the Company purchased the stock of Aearo Holding Corp., the parent of Aearo Technologies (“Aearo”). Aearo manufactures and sells various products, including personal protection equipment, such as eye, ear, head, face, fall and certain respiratory protection products.

 

As of March 31, 2012, Aearo and/or other companies that previously owned and operated Aearo’s respirator business (American Optical Corporation, Warner-Lambert LLC, AO Corp. and Cabot Corporation (“Cabot”)) are named defendants, with multiple co-defendants, including the Company, in numerous lawsuits in various courts in which plaintiffs allege use of mask and respirator products and seek damages from Aearo and other defendants for alleged personal injury from workplace exposures to asbestos, silica-related, or other occupational dusts found in products manufactured by other defendants or generally in the workplace.

 

As of March 31, 2012, the Company, through its Aearo subsidiary, has recorded $29 million as the best estimate of the probable liabilities for product liabilities and defense costs related to current and future Aearo-related asbestos and silica-related claims. Responsibility for legal costs, as well as for settlements and judgments, is currently shared in an informal arrangement among Aearo, Cabot, American Optical Corporation and a subsidiary of Warner Lambert and their insurers (the “Payor Group”). Liability is allocated among the parties based on the number of years each company sold respiratory products under the “AO Safety” brand and/or owned the AO Safety Division of American Optical Corporation and the alleged years of exposure of the individual plaintiff. Aearo’s share of the contingent liability is further limited by an agreement entered into between Aearo and Cabot on July 11, 1995. This agreement provides that, so long as Aearo pays to Cabot an annual fee of $400,000, Cabot will retain responsibility and liability for, and indemnify Aearo against, asbestos and silica-related product liability claims for respirators manufactured prior to July 11, 1995. Because the date of manufacture for a particular respirator allegedly used in the past is often difficult to determine, Aearo and Cabot have applied the agreement to claims arising out of the alleged use of respirators while exposed to asbestos or silica or products containing asbestos or silica prior to January 1, 1997. With these arrangements in place, Aearo’s potential liability is limited to exposures alleged to have arisen from the use of respirators while exposed to asbestos, silica or other occupational dusts on or after January 1, 1997. In March 2012, Cabot CSC Corporation and Cabot Corporation filed a lawsuit against Aearo in the Superior Court of Suffolk County, Massachusetts seeking declaratory relief as to the scope of Cabot’s indemnity obligations under the July 11, 1995 agreement, including whether Cabot has retained liability for coal workers’ pneumoconiosis claims, and seeking damages for breach of contract.

 

To date, Aearo has elected to pay the annual fee. Aearo could potentially be exposed to additional claims for some part of the pre-July 11, 1995 period covered by its agreement with Cabot if Aearo elects to discontinue its participation in this arrangement, or if Cabot is no longer able to meet its obligations in these matters.

 

Developments may occur that could affect the estimate of Aearo’s liabilities. These developments include, but are not limited to: (i) significant changes in the number of future claims, (ii) significant changes in the average cost of resolving claims, (iii) significant changes in the legal costs of defending these claims, (iv) significant changes in the mix and nature of claims received, (v) trial and appellate outcomes, (vi) significant changes in the law and procedure applicable to these claims, (vii) significant changes in the liability allocation among the co-defendants, (viii) the financial viability of members of the Payor Group including exhaustion of available coverage limits, (ix) the outcome of pending insurance coverage litigation among certain other members of the Payor Group and their respective insurers, and/or (x) a determination that the interpretation of the contractual obligations on which Aearo has estimated its share of liability is inaccurate. The Company cannot determine the impact of these potential developments on its current estimate of Aearo’s share of liability for these existing and future claims. If any of the developments described above were to occur, the actual amount of these liabilities for existing and future claims could be significantly larger than the reserved amount.

 

Because of the inherent difficulty in projecting the number of claims that have not yet been asserted, the complexity of allocating responsibility for future claims among the Payor Group, and the several possible developments that may occur that could affect the estimate of Aearo’s liabilities, the Company cannot estimate the amount or range of amounts by which Aearo’s liability may exceed the reserve the Company has established.

 

Environmental Matters and Litigation

 

The Company’s operations are subject to environmental laws and regulations including those pertaining to air emissions, wastewater discharges, toxic substances, and the handling and disposal of solid and hazardous wastes enforceable by national, state, and local authorities around the world, and private parties in the United States and abroad. These laws and regulations provide, under certain circumstances, a basis for the remediation of contamination, for restoration of or compensation for damages to natural resources, and for personal injury and property damage claims. The Company has incurred, and will continue to incur, costs and capital expenditures in complying with these laws and regulations, defending personal injury and property damage claims, and modifying its business operations in light of its environmental responsibilities. In its effort to satisfy its environmental responsibilities and comply with environmental laws and regulations, the Company has established, and periodically updates, policies relating to environmental standards of performance for its operations worldwide.

 

Under certain environmental laws, including the United States Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 and similar state laws, the Company may be jointly and severally liable, typically with other companies, for the costs of remediation of environmental contamination at current or former facilities and at off-site locations. The Company has identified numerous locations, most of which are in the United States, at which it may have some liability. Please refer to the paragraph entitled “Environmental Liabilities and Insurance Receivables” that follows for information on the amount of the reserve.

 

Environmental Matters

 

As previously reported, the Company has been voluntarily cooperating with ongoing reviews by local, state, national (primarily the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)), and international agencies of possible environmental and health effects of various perfluorinated compounds (“PFCs”), including perfluorooctanoate or “PFOA” and perfluorooctane sulfonate or “PFOS” and other perfluorooctanyl compounds. As a result of its phase-out decision in May 2000, the Company no longer manufactures perfluorooctanyl compounds. The company ceased manufacturing and using the vast majority of these compounds within approximately two years of the phase-out announcement, and ceased all manufacturing and the last significant use of this chemistry by 2008. Through its ongoing life cycle management and its raw material composition identification processes associated with the Company’s policies covering the use of all persistent and bio-accumulative materials, the Company has on occasion identified the presence of precursor chemicals in materials purchased from suppliers that may ultimately degrade to PFOA, PFOS or similar compounds. Upon such identification, the Company works to find alternatives for such chemicals.

 

Regulatory activities concerning PFOA and/or PFOS continue in the United States, Europe and elsewhere, and before certain international bodies. These activities include gathering of exposure and use information, risk assessment, and consideration of regulatory approaches. The EPA continues to develop Drinking Water Health Advisories for PFOS and PFOA, which are expected to be released in 2013. Those advisory levels will supersede the current provisional advisory levels. In an effort to move toward developing standards under the Safe Drinking Water Act, the EPA has proposed to have public water suppliers monitor for six PFCs to determine the extent of their occurrence.

 

The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) has completed a bio-monitoring study evaluating PFC blood levels in volunteers living near fields where wastewater treatment sludge was applied from the municipal wastewater treatment plant in Decatur, Alabama that received wastewater from numerous sources, including sanitary wastewater from 3M. The Company expects ATSDR to release its report in 2012.

 

3M continues its third and final phase of work pursuant to a Memorandum of Understanding with the EPA regarding an environmental assessment program at the Company’s Decatur manufacturing site. That work includes groundwater sampling off-site from the 3M Decatur facility (unrelated to the work described above involving the Decatur utility’s wastewater treatment sludge) as well as at three local landfills used by the facility.

 

The Company is continuing to make progress in its work, under the supervision of state regulators, to address its historic disposal of PFC-containing waste associated with manufacturing operations at the Cottage Grove, Minnesota and Decatur, Alabama plants.

 

As previously reported, the Company entered into a voluntary remedial action agreement with the Alabama Department of Environmental Management (ADEM) to address the presence of PFCs in the soil at the Company’s manufacturing facility in Decatur, Alabama. For approximately twenty years, the Company incorporated its wastewater treatment plant sludge containing PFCs in fields at its Decatur facility pursuant to a permit issued by ADEM. After a review of the available options to address the presence of PFCs in the soil, ADEM agreed that the preferred remediation option is to use a multilayer cap over the former sludge incorporation areas on the manufacturing site with subsequent groundwater migration controls and treatment. Implementation of that option will continue throughout the balance of 2012 and is expected to be completed in 2016.

 

The Company continues to work with the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) pursuant to the terms of the previously disclosed May 2007 Settlement Agreement and Consent Order to address the presence of perfluorinated compounds in the soil and groundwater at former disposal sites in Washington County, Minnesota (Oakdale and Woodbury) and at the Company’s manufacturing facility at Cottage Grove, Minnesota. Under this agreement, the Company’s principal obligations include (i) evaluating releases of perfluorinated compounds from these sites and proposing response actions; (ii) providing treatment or alternative drinking water upon identifying any level exceeding a Health Based Value (“HBV”) or Health Risk Limit (“HRL”) (i.e., the amount of a chemical in drinking water determined by the Minnesota Department of Health to be safe for people to drink for a lifetime) for any perfluorinated compounds as a result of contamination from these sites; (iii) remediating any source of other PFCs at these sites that is not controlled by actions to remediate PFOA and PFOS; and (iv) sharing information with the MPCA about perfluorinated compounds. During 2008, the MPCA issued formal decisions adopting remedial options for the former disposal sites in Washington County, Minnesota (Oakdale and Woodbury). In August 2009, the MPCA issued a formal decision adopting remedial options for the Company’s Cottage Grove manufacturing facility. During the spring and summer of 2010, 3M began implementing the remedial options at the Cottage Grove and Woodbury sites. 3M commenced the remedial option at the Oakdale site in late 2010. At each location the remedial options were among those recommended by the Company. Remediation work has been completed at the Oakdale site, and it is in an operational maintenance mode. Remediation will continue at the other two sites throughout the balance of 2012.

 

The Company cannot predict what additional regulatory actions arising from the foregoing proceedings and activities, if any, may be taken regarding such compounds or the consequences of any such actions.

 

Environmental Litigation

 

As previously reported, a former employee filed a purported class action lawsuit in 2002 in the Circuit Court of Morgan County, Alabama seeking unstated damages and alleging that the plaintiffs suffered fear, increased risk, subclinical injuries, and property damage from exposure to perfluorochemicals at or near the Company’s Decatur, Alabama, manufacturing facility. The Circuit Court in 2005 granted the Company’s motion to dismiss the named plaintiff’s personal injury-related claims on the basis that such claims are barred by the exclusivity provisions of the state’s Workers Compensation Act. The plaintiffs’ counsel filed an amended complaint in November 2006, limiting the case to property damage claims on behalf of a purported class of residents and property owners in the vicinity of the Decatur plant. Also, in 2005, the judge in a second purported class action lawsuit (filed by three residents of Morgan County, Alabama, seeking unstated compensatory and punitive damages involving alleged damage to their property from emissions of perfluorochemical compounds from the Company’s Decatur, Alabama, manufacturing facility that formerly manufactured those compounds) granted the Company’s motion to abate the case, effectively putting the case on hold pending the resolution of class certification issues in the first action described above filed in the same court in 2002. Despite the stay, plaintiffs filed an amended complaint seeking damages for alleged personal injuries and property damage on behalf of the named plaintiffs and the members of a purported class. No further action in the case is expected unless and until the stay is lifted.

 

In February 2009, a resident of Franklin County, Alabama, filed a purported class action lawsuit in the Circuit Court of Franklin County seeking compensatory damages and injunctive relief based on the application by the Decatur utility’s wastewater treatment plant of wastewater treatment sludge to farmland and grasslands in the state that allegedly contain PFOA, PFOS and other perfluorochemicals. The named defendants in the case include 3M, its subsidiary Dyneon LLC, Daikin America, Inc., Synagro-WWT, Inc., Synagro South, LLC and Biological Processors of America. The named plaintiff seeks to represent a class of all persons within the State of Alabama who have had PFOA, PFOS and other perfluorochemicals released or deposited on their property. In March 2010, the Alabama Supreme Court ordered the case transferred from Franklin County to Morgan County. In May, 2010, consistent with its handling of the other matters, the Morgan County Circuit Court abated this case, putting it on hold pending the resolution of the class certification issues in the first case filed there.

 

On December 30, 2010, the State of Minnesota, by its Attorney General Lori Swanson, acting in its capacity as trustee of the natural resources of the State of Minnesota, filed a lawsuit in Hennepin County District Court against 3M to recover damages (including unspecified assessment costs and reasonable attorney’s fees) for alleged injury to, destruction of, and loss of use of certain of the State’s natural resources under the Minnesota Environmental Response and Liability Act (MERLA) and the Minnesota Water Pollution Control Act (MWPCA), as well as statutory nuisance and common law claims of trespass, nuisance, and negligence with respect to the presence of PFCs in the groundwater, surface water, fish or other aquatic life and sediments. The State also seeks declarations under MERLA that 3M is responsible for all damages the State may suffer in the future for injuries to natural resources from releases of PFCs into the environment, and under MWPCA that 3M is responsible for compensation for future loss or destruction of fish, aquatic life and other damages.

 

On January 14, 2011, the City of Lake Elmo filed a motion to intervene in the State of Minnesota lawsuit and seeks damages in excess of $50,000 and other legal and equitable relief, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, for alleged contamination of city property, wells, groundwater and water contained in the wells with PFCs under several theories, including common law and statutory nuisance, strict liability, trespass, negligence, and conversion. The court granted the City of Lake Elmo’s motion to intervene in this lawsuit.

 

On November 7, 2011, the Metropolitan Council filed a motion to intervene and a complaint in the State of Minnesota lawsuit seeking damages in excess of $50,000 and other legal, declaratory and equitable relief, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, for costs and fees that the Metropolitan Council alleges it will be required to assess at some time in the future if the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency imposes restrictions on Metropolitan Council’s PFOS discharges to the Mississippi River. Metropolitan Council’s intervention motion was based on several theories, including common law negligence, and statutory claims under MERLA for response costs and under the Minnesota Environmental Rights Act (MERA) for declaratory and equitable relief against 3M for PFOS and other PFC pollution of the waters and sediments of the Mississippi River. 3M did not object to the motion to intervene. On January 9, 2012, 3M answered the Metropolitan Council’s complaint and filed a counterclaim alleging that the Metropolitan Council discharges PFCs to the Mississippi River and discharges PFC-containing sludge and biosolids from one or more of its wastewater treatment plants onto agricultural lands and local area landfills. Accordingly, 3M requested that if the Court finds that the State is entitled to any of the damages the State seeks, 3M seeks contribution and apportionment from the Metropolitan Council, including attorneys’ fees, under MERLA, and contribution from and liability for the Metropolitan Council’s proportional share of damages awarded to the State under the MWPCA, as well as under statutory nuisance and common law theories of trespass, nuisance and negligence. 3M also seeks declaratory relief under MERA.

 

In June 2009, the Company, along with more than 250 other companies, was served with a third-party complaint seeking contribution towards the cost of cleaning up a 17-mile stretch of the Passaic River in New Jersey. After commencing an enforcement action in 1990, the State of New Jersey filed suit against Maxus Energy, Tierra Solutions, Occidental Chemical and two other companies seeking cleanup and removal costs and other damages associated with the presence of dioxin and other hazardous substances in the sediment of the Passaic. The third-party complaint seeks to spread those costs among the third-party defendants, including the Company. Based on the cleanup remedy currently proposed by the EPA, the total costs at issue could easily exceed $1 billion. The Company’s recent involvement in the case appears to relate to its past disposal of industrial waste at two commercial waste disposal facilities in New Jersey. Whether, and to what extent, the Company may be required to contribute to the costs at issue in the case remains to be determined. The Company does not yet have a basis for estimating its potential exposure in this case, although the Company currently believes its allocable share, if any, is likely to be a fraction of one percent of the total costs.

 

For environmental litigation matters described in this section for which a liability, if any, has been recorded, the Company believes the amount recorded, as well as the possible loss or range of loss in excess of the established reserve is not material to the Company’s consolidated results of operations or financial condition. For those matters for which a liability has not been recorded, the Company believes such liability is not probable and estimable and the Company is not able to estimate a possible loss or range of loss at this time, with the exception of the Passaic River litigation, where the Company’s potential exposure, if any, is likely to be a fraction of one percent of the total costs.

 

Environmental Liabilities and Insurance Receivables

 

As of March 31, 2012, the Company had recorded liabilities of $30 million for estimated “environmental remediation” costs based upon an evaluation of currently available facts with respect to each individual site and also recorded related insurance receivables of $15 million. The Company records liabilities for remediation costs on an undiscounted basis when they are probable and reasonably estimable, generally no later than the completion of feasibility studies or the Company’s commitment to a plan of action. Liabilities for estimated costs of environmental remediation, depending on the site, are based primarily upon internal or third-party environmental studies, and estimates as to the number, participation level and financial viability of any other potentially responsible parties, the extent of the contamination and the nature of required remedial actions. The Company adjusts recorded liabilities as further information develops or circumstances change. The Company expects that it will pay the amounts recorded over the periods of remediation for the applicable sites, currently ranging up to 20 years.

 

As of March 31, 2012, the Company had recorded liabilities of $70 million for “other environmental liabilities” based upon an evaluation of currently available facts to implement the Settlement Agreement and Consent Order with the MPCA, the remedial action agreement with ADEM, and to address trace amounts of perfluorinated compounds in drinking water sources in the City of Oakdale, Minnesota, as well as presence in the soil and groundwater at the Company’s manufacturing facilities in Decatur, Alabama, and Cottage Grove, Minnesota, and at two former disposal sites in Washington County, Minnesota (Oakdale and Woodbury). The Company expects that most of the spending will occur over the next five years.

 

It is difficult to estimate the cost of environmental compliance and remediation given the uncertainties regarding the interpretation and enforcement of applicable environmental laws and regulations, the extent of environmental contamination and the existence of alternative cleanup methods. Developments may occur that could affect the Company’s current assessment, including, but not limited to: (i) changes in the information available regarding the environmental impact of the Company’s operations and products; (ii) changes in environmental regulations, changes in permissible levels of specific compounds in drinking water sources, or changes in enforcement theories and policies, including efforts to recover natural resource damages; (iii) new and evolving analytical and remediation techniques; (iv) success in allocating liability to other potentially responsible parties; and (v) the financial viability of other potentially responsible parties and third-party indemnitors. For sites included in both “environmental remediation liabilities” and “other environmental liabilities,” at which remediation activity is largely complete and remaining activity relates primarily to operation and maintenance of the remedy, including required post-remediation monitoring, the Company believes the exposure to loss in excess of the amount accrued would not be material to the Company’s consolidated results of operations or financial condition. However, for locations at which remediation activity is largely ongoing, the Company cannot estimate a possible loss or range of loss in excess of the associated established reserves for the reasons described above.

 

Compliance Matters

 

On November 12, 2009, the Company contacted the Department of Justice (DOJ) and Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to voluntarily disclose that the Company was conducting an internal investigation as a result of reports it received about its subsidiary in Turkey, alleging bid rigging and bribery and other inappropriate conduct in connection with the supply of certain reflective and other materials and related services to Turkish government entities. The Company also contacted certain affected government agencies in Turkey. The Company retained outside counsel to conduct an assessment of its policies, practices, and controls and to evaluate its overall compliance with the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, including an ongoing review of our practices in certain other countries and acquired entities. As part of its ongoing review, the Company has also reported to the DOJ and SEC issues arising from transactions in other countries. The Company continues to cooperate with the DOJ and SEC and government agencies in Turkey in the Company’s ongoing investigation of this matter. The Company cannot predict at this time the outcome of its investigation or what regulatory actions may be taken or what other consequences may result.

 

Other Matters

 

Commercial Litigation

 

In September 2010, various parties, on behalf of a purported class of shareholders of Cogent, Inc. (“Cogent”), commenced three lawsuits against the Company, Cogent, and its directors in the Delaware Court of Chancery. Plaintiffs allege that 3M, in connection with its tender offer for Cogent shares, aided and abetted the breach of fiduciary duties by Cogent directors and seek an unspecified amount of damages. The three cases were consolidated, expedited discovery was conducted, and Plaintiffs’ motion for a preliminary injunction to enjoin the acquisition was denied on October 1, 2010. On November 15, 2010, plaintiffs filed an amended complaint that added Cogent directors appointed by 3M, as named defendants, and asserted additional claims of breach of fiduciary duties in connection with the acquisition and a subsequent offering period. 3M completed its acquisition of Cogent in December 2010. 3M has moved to dismiss all claims. In response to 3M’s motion, the plaintiffs filed a second amended complaint in August 2011. 3M has moved to dismiss all claims of the second amended complaint. In March 2012, all parties to the litigation agreed to settle this litigation for an amount that is not material to the Company.

 

Separately, several purported holders of Cogent shares, representing a total of approximately 5.8 million shares, have asserted appraisal rights under Delaware law. The Company has answered the appraisal petition and is defending this matter vigorously.

 

3M filed suit against Avery Dennison Corporation in the United States District Court for the District of Minnesota in June 2010, alleging that Avery’s OmniCube™ full cube retroreflective sheeting products, which are used for highway signage, infringe a number of 3M patents. 3M’s motion to preliminarily enjoin the sales of Avery’s OmniCube retroreflective sheeting was denied in December 2010. 3M also sought a declaratory judgment from the District Court in Minnesota that 3M’s Diamond Grade™ DG3 full cube retroreflective sheeting does not infringe two Avery patents. The District Court granted Avery’s motion to dismiss 3M’s declaratory judgment suit in March 2011. 3M appealed the dismissal of the declaratory judgment lawsuit, and in January 2012, the Federal Circuit Court of Appeals issued a decision reversing the district court and reinstating the declaratory judgment action. Avery has decided not to appeal. In October 2010, Avery Dennison filed a lawsuit against the Company in the United States District Court for the Central District of California, alleging that 3M monopolized or attempted to monopolize the markets for Type XI retroreflective sheeting and for broad high performance sheeting in violation of the Sherman Act, as well as other claims. Avery alleges that 3M manipulated the standards-setting process of the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), a private organization responsible for creating standards for, among other things, retroreflective sheeting used for highway signage; entered into illegal and anticompetitive contracts; and engaged in other anticompetitive acts including false advertising and disparagement. 3M’s motion to transfer the antitrust case to the United States District Court for the District of Minnesota was granted in February 2011. 3M’s patent infringement lawsuit against Avery and Avery’s antitrust suit against 3M are moving forward in the Minnesota Court. In March 2012, the district court issued its claim construction ruling, finding in 3M’s favor on 16 of the 19 disputed terms. The parties are nearly finished with fact discovery and will be preparing expert reports shortly.

 

In December 2010, Meda AB filed a lawsuit in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, County of New York, alleging breach of certain representations and warranties contained in the October 2006 acquisition agreement pursuant to which Meda AB acquired the Company’s European pharmaceutical business. The lawsuit seeks to recover an amount to be determined at trial, but not less than $200 million, in compensatory damages alleging that 3M failed to disclose, during the due diligence period, certain pricing arrangements between 3M’s French subsidiary and the French government agency that determines the eligible levels of reimbursement for prescription pharmaceuticals. The damage amounts specified in complaints are not a meaningful factor in any assessment of the Company’s potential liability. The Company believes it has a number of legal and factual defenses to this claim and will vigorously defend it.

 

For commercial litigation matters described in this section for which a liability, if any, has been recorded, the Company believes the amount recorded, as well as the possible loss or range of loss in excess of the established reserve is not material to the Company’s consolidated results of operations or financial condition. For those matters for which a liability has not been recorded, the Company believes that such liability is not probable and estimable and the Company is not able to estimate a possible loss or range of loss at this time.

 

Product Liability Litigation

 

Électricité de France (EDF) filed a lawsuit against 3M France in the French courts in 2006 claiming commercial loss and property damage after experiencing electrical network failures which EDF alleges were caused by so-called defective 3M transition splices. The French Court of Appeals at Versailles affirmed the commercial trial court’s decision that the transition splices conformed to contract specifications which were thoroughly analyzed and tested by EDF before purchase and installation. The Court of Appeals, however, ordered a court-appointed expert to study the problem and issue a technical opinion on the cause of the network failures. In spite of considerable testing of 3M’s splices over several years, the court-appointed expert has been unable to identify a defect in the 3M splices and to determine the definitive cause of the network failures. The court-appointed expert is likely to issue his final report by the end of 2012. Thereafter, the commercial court may take from six months to one year to render its decision.

 

One customer obtained an order in the French courts against SAS 3M Purification (a French subsidiary) in October 2011 appointing an expert to determine the amount of commercial loss and property damage allegedly caused by so-called defective 3M filters used in the customer’s manufacturing process. A second customer filed a lawsuit against 3M Deutschland GmbH (a German subsidiary) in the German courts in March 2012 seeking commercial loss and property damage allegedly caused by so-called defective 3M filters used in that customer’s manufacturing process. The Company has resolved on an amicable basis claims of  two other customers arising out of the same issue.

 

For product liability litigation matters described in this section for which a liability has been recorded, the Company believes the amount recorded is not material to the Company’s consolidated results of operations or financial condition. In addition, the Company is not able to estimate a possible loss or range of loss in excess of the established reserves at this time.

Stock-Based Compensation
Stock-Based Compensation

NOTE 11. Stock-Based Compensation

 

The Company’s annual stock option and restricted stock unit grant is made in February to provide a strong and immediate link between the performance of individuals during the preceding year and the size of their annual stock compensation grants. The grant to eligible employees uses the closing stock price on the grant date. Stock options vest over a period from one year to three years with the expiration date at 10 years from date of grant. Accounting rules require recognition of expense under a non-substantive vesting period approach, requiring compensation expense recognition when an employee is eligible to retire. Employees are considered eligible to retire at age 55 and after having completed five years of service. This retiree-eligible population represents 30 percent of the 2012 annual grant stock-based compensation award expense dollars; therefore, higher stock-based compensation expense is recognized in the first quarter. The remaining total shares available for grant under the 2008 Long Term Incentive Plan Program are 12,022,073 as of March 31, 2012.

 

In addition to the annual grants, the Company makes other minor grants of stock options, restricted stock units and other stock-based grants. The Company issues cash settled Restricted Stock Units and Stock Appreciation Rights in certain countries. These grants do not result in the issuance of Common Stock and are considered immaterial by the Company.

 

Amounts recognized in the financial statements with respect to stock-based compensation programs, which include stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance shares and the General Employees’ Stock Purchase Plan (GESPP), are provided in the following table. Capitalized stock-based compensation amounts were not material at March 31, 2012. The income tax benefits shown in the table can fluctuate by period due to the amount of employee “disqualifying dispositions” related to Incentive Stock Options (ISOs). The Company last granted ISOs in 2002.

 

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

 

 

 

Three months ended

 

 

 

March 31,

 

(Millions)

 

2012

 

2011

 

Cost of sales

 

$

12

 

$

14

 

Selling, general and administrative expenses

 

78

 

87

 

Research, development and related expenses

 

13

 

15

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stock-based compensation expenses

 

$

103

 

$

116

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income tax benefits

 

$

(32

)

$

(41

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stock-based compensation expenses, net of tax

 

$

71

 

$

75

 

 

The following table summarizes stock option activity during the three months ended March 31, 2012:

 

Stock Option Program

 

 

 

Number of
Options

 

Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price

 

Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life (months)

 

Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
(millions)

 

Under option —

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

January 1

 

64,148,415

 

$

77.28

 

 

 

 

 

Granted:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Annual

 

5,770,190

 

87.91

 

 

 

 

 

Progressive (Reload)

 

27,555

 

87.65

 

 

 

 

 

Exercised

 

(2,818,401

)

63.68

 

 

 

 

 

Canceled

 

(54,173

)

82.53

 

 

 

 

 

March 31

 

67,073,586

 

$

78.77

 

58

 

$

704

 

Options exercisable `

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

March 31

 

55,524,130

 

$

77.18

 

48

 

$

700

 

 

As of March 31, 2012, there was $98 million of compensation expense that has yet to be recognized related to non-vested stock option based awards. This expense is expected to be recognized over the remaining weighted-average vesting period of 2.1 years. The total intrinsic values of stock options exercised were $67 million and $135 million during the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Cash received from options exercised was $179 million and $355 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. The Company’s actual tax benefits realized for the tax deductions related to the exercise of employee stock options were $25 million and $42 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

 

For the primary 2012 annual stock option grant, the weighted average fair value at the date of grant was calculated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model and the assumptions that follow.

 

 

 

Annual

 

Stock Option Assumptions

 

2012

 

Exercise price

 

$

87.89

 

Risk-free interest rate

 

1.1

%

Dividend yield

 

2.6

%

Expected volatility

 

24.5

%

Expected life (months)

 

74

 

Black-Scholes fair value

 

$

14.94

 

 

Expected volatility is a statistical measure of the amount by which a stock price is expected to fluctuate during a period. For the 2012 annual grant date, the Company estimated the expected volatility based upon the average of the most recent one year volatility, the median of the term of the expected life rolling volatility, the median of the most recent term of the expected life volatility of 3M stock, and the implied volatility on the grant date. The expected term assumption is based on the weighted average of historical grants.

 

The following table summarizes restricted stock and restricted stock unit activity during the three months ended March 31, 2012:

 

Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted Average

 

Restricted Stock and

 

Number of

 

Grant Date

 

Restricted Stock Units

 

Awards

 

Fair Value

 

Nonvested balance —

 

 

 

 

 

As of January 1

 

4,858,972

 

$

73.02

 

Granted:

 

 

 

 

 

Annual

 

968,522

 

87.92

 

Other

 

15,267

 

86.92

 

Vested

 

(1,763,719

)

57.79

 

Forfeited

 

(20,803

)

77.82

 

As of March 31

 

4,058,239

 

$

83.23

 

 

As of March 31, 2012, there was $128 million of compensation expense that has yet to be recognized related to non-vested restricted stock and restricted stock units. This expense is expected to be recognized over the remaining weighted-average vesting period of 2.3 years. The total fair value of restricted stock and restricted stock units that vested during the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011 was $102 million and $14 million, respectively. The Company’s actual tax benefits realized for the tax deductions related to the vesting of restricted stock and restricted stock units was $58 million and $6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

 

Restricted stock units granted under the 3M 2008 Long-Term Incentive Plan generally vest three years following the grant date assuming continued employment. The one-time “buyout” restricted stock unit grant in 2007 vests at the end of five years. Restricted stock unit grants issued in 2008 and prior did not accrue dividends during the vesting period. Beginning in 2009, dividend equivalents equal to the dividends payable on the same number of shares of 3M common stock accrue on these restricted stock units during the vesting period, although no dividend equivalents are paid on any of these restricted stock units that are forfeited prior to the vesting date. Dividends are paid out in cash at the vest date on restricted stock units, except for performance shares which do not earn dividends. Since the rights to dividends are forfeitable, there is no impact on basic earnings per share calculations. Weighted average restricted stock unit shares outstanding are included in the computation of diluted earnings per share.

 

Performance Shares

 

Beginning in 2008, the Company grants certain members of executive management performance shares on an annual basis. The performance criteria, which were modified in 2010, are designed to focus management attention on three key factors that create long-term stockholder value: Organic Sales Growth, Return on Invested Capital and sales from new products. The number of shares of 3M common stock that could actually be delivered at the end of the three-year performance period may be anywhere from 0% to 200% of each performance share granted, depending on the performance of the Company during such performance period. Non-substantive vesting requires that expense for the performance shares be recognized over one or three years depending on when each individual became a 3M executive. The first performance shares, which were granted in 2008, were distributed in 2011. Performance shares do not accrue dividends during the performance period. Therefore, the grant date fair value is determined by reducing the closing stock price on the date of grant by the net present value of dividends during the performance period. As a result of the significant uncertainty due to the economic crisis of 2008-2009, the Company granted restricted stock units instead of performance shares in 2009. Therefore, since there were no performance shares in 2009, there were also no related distributions in the first quarter of 2012. Performance share grants resumed in 2010 and continued thereafter.

 

The following table summarizes performance share activity during the three months ended March 31, 2012:

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted
Average

 

 

 

Number of

 

Grant Date

 

Performance Shares

 

Awards

 

Fair Value

 

Undistributed balance —

 

 

 

 

 

As of January 1

 

878,872

 

$

78.55

 

Granted

 

412,964

 

81.00

 

Performance change

 

78,166

 

81.07

 

Forfeited

 

(5,815

)

79.03

 

As of March 31

 

1,364,187

 

$

79.43

 

 

As of March 31, 2012, there was $39 million of compensation expense that has yet to be recognized related to performance shares. This expense is expected to be recognized over the remaining weighted-average earnings period of 1.3 years. There were no performance shares distributed or related tax benefits realized during the three months ended March 31, 2012. For the three months ended March 31, 2011, the total fair value of performance shares that were distributed was $18 million and actual tax benefits realized for the tax deductions related to the distribution of performance shares was $5 million.

Business Segments
Business Segments

NOTE 12. Business Segments

 

3M’s businesses are organized, managed and internally grouped into segments based on differences in markets, products, technologies and services. 3M continues to manage its operations in six operating business segments: Industrial and Transportation; Health Care; Consumer and Office; Safety, Security and Protection Services; Display and Graphics; and Electro and Communications. 3M’s six business segments bring together common or related 3M technologies, enhancing the development of innovative products and services and providing for efficient sharing of business resources. These segments have worldwide responsibility for virtually all 3M product lines. 3M is not dependent on any single product/service or market. Transactions among reportable segments are recorded at cost. 3M is an integrated enterprise characterized by substantial intersegment cooperation, cost allocations and inventory transfers. Therefore, management does not represent that these segments, if operated independently, would report the operating income information shown. The difference between operating income and pre-tax income relates to interest income and interest expense, which are not allocated to business segments.

 

Business Segment Information

 

Three months ended

 

 

 

March 31,

 

(Millions)

 

2012

 

2011

 

Net Sales

 

 

 

 

 

Industrial and Transportation

 

$

2,660

 

$

2,450

 

Health Care

 

1,280

 

1,255

 

Consumer and Office

 

1,043

 

1,000

 

Safety, Security and Protection Services

 

981

 

929

 

Display and Graphics

 

832

 

943

 

Electro and Communications

 

808

 

836

 

Corporate and Unallocated

 

1

 

5

 

Elimination of Dual Credit

 

(119

)

(107

)

Total Company

 

$

7,486

 

$

7,311

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating Income

 

 

 

 

 

Industrial and Transportation

 

$

600

 

$

516

 

Health Care

 

402

 

369

 

Consumer and Office

 

234

 

215

 

Safety, Security and Protection Services

 

231

 

199

 

Display and Graphics

 

163

 

230

 

Electro and Communications

 

168

 

178

 

Corporate and Unallocated

 

(138

)

(105

)

Elimination of Dual Credit

 

(26

)

(24

)

Total Company

 

$

1,634

 

$

1,578

 

 

Corporate and unallocated operating income includes a variety of miscellaneous items, such as corporate investment gains and losses, certain derivative gains and losses, certain insurance-related gains and losses, certain litigation and environmental expenses, corporate restructuring charges and certain under- or over-absorbed costs (e.g. pension, stock-based compensation) that the Company may choose not to allocate directly to its business segments. Because this category includes a variety of miscellaneous items, it is subject to fluctuation on a quarterly and annual basis.

 

3M business segment reporting measures include dual credit to business segments for certain U.S. sales and related operating income. Management evaluates each of its six operating business segments based on net sales and operating income performance, including dual credit U.S. reporting to further incentivize U.S. sales growth. As a result, 3M provides additional (“dual”) credit to those business segments selling products in the U.S. to an external customer when that segment is not the primary seller of the product. For example, certain respirators are primarily sold by the Occupational Health and Environmental Safety Division within the Safety, Security and Protection Services business segment; however, the Industrial and Transportation business segment also sells this product to certain customers in its U.S. markets. In this example, the non-primary selling segment (Industrial and Transportation) would also receive credit for the associated net sales it initiated and the related approximate operating income. The assigned operating income related to dual credit activity may differ from operating income that would result from actual costs associated with such sales. The offset to the dual credit business segment reporting is reflected as a reconciling item entitled “Elimination of Dual Credit,” such that sales and operating income for the U.S. in total are unchanged.

Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

Basis of Presentation

 

The interim consolidated financial statements are unaudited but, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. These adjustments consist of normal, recurring items. The results of operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year. The interim consolidated financial statements and notes are presented as permitted by the requirements for Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q. This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements and notes included in its 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

Effective with 3M’s second-quarter 2011 Form 10-Q, the Company revised the amounts previously presented for cash used in investing activities and cash used in financing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2011 by $33 million. This related to purchases of additional shares (noncontrolling interest) of non-wholly owned consolidated subsidiaries. These immaterial revisions increased cash used in financing activities and decreased cash used in investing activities.

Earnings Per Share

 

The difference in the weighted average 3M shares outstanding for calculating basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to 3M common shareholders is a result of the dilution associated with the Company’s stock-based compensation plans. Certain options outstanding under these stock-based compensation plans were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share attributable to 3M common shareholders because they would not have had a dilutive effect (19.2 million average options for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 3.6 million average options for the three months ended March 31, 2011). The computations for basic and diluted earnings per share follow:

Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)
Earnings per share

Earnings Per Share Computations

 

 

 

Three months ended

 

 

 

March 31,

 

(Amounts in millions, except per share amounts)

 

2012

 

2011

 

Numerator:

 

 

 

 

 

Net income attributable to 3M

 

$

1,125

 

$

1,081

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Denominator:

 

 

 

 

 

Denominator for weighted average 3M common shares outstanding — basic

 

696.8

 

711.5

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dilution associated with the Company’s stock-based compensation plans

 

9.3

 

14.9

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Denominator for weighted average 3M common shares outstanding — diluted

 

706.1

 

726.4

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Earnings per share attributable to 3M common shareholders — basic

 

$

1.61

 

$

1.52

 

Earnings per share attributable to 3M common shareholders — diluted

 

$

1.59

 

$

1.49

 

Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Tables)

 

December 31, 2011

 

Acquisition

 

Translation

 

March 31, 2012

 

(Millions)

 

Balance

 

activity

 

and other

 

Balance

 

Industrial and Transportation

 

$

1,961

 

$

6

 

$

26

 

$

1,993

 

Health Care

 

1,514

 

 

5

 

1,519

 

Consumer and Office

 

228

 

6

 

3

 

237

 

Safety, Security and Protection Services

 

1,675

 

 

4

 

1,679

 

Display and Graphics

 

993

 

 

(8

)

985

 

Electro and Communications

 

676

 

 

1

 

677

 

Total Company

 

$

7,047

 

$

12

 

$

31

 

$

7,090

 

 

 

 

 

March 31,

 

December 31,

 

(Millions)

 

2012

 

2011

 

Patents

 

$

564

 

$

561

 

Other amortizable intangible assets (primarily tradenames and customer related intangibles)

 

2,251

 

2,323

 

Total gross carrying amount

 

$

2,815

 

$

2,884

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accumulated amortization — patents

 

(385

)

(374

)

Accumulated amortization — other

 

(690

)

(717

)

Total accumulated amortization

 

$

(1,075

)

$

(1,091

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total finite-lived intangible assets — net

 

$

1,740

 

$

1,793

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non-amortizable intangible assets (tradenames)

 

125

 

123

 

Total intangible assets — net

 

$

1,865

 

$

1,916

 

 

 

 

 

Three months ended

 

 

 

March 31,

 

(Millions)

 

2012

 

2011

 

Amortization expense

 

$

58

 

$

54

 

 

 

 

 

Remainder

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

of

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

After

 

 

 

2012

 

2013

 

2014

 

2015

 

2016

 

2017

 

2017

 

Amortization expense

 

$

170

 

$

214

 

$

191

 

$

178

 

$

166

 

$

152

 

$

669

 

Supplemental Equity and Comprehensive Income Information (Tables)

 

 

Three months ended March 31, 2012

 

 

 

3M Company Shareholders

 

 

 

(Millions) 

 

Total

 

Common
Stock and
Additional
Paid-in
Capital

 

Retained
Earnings

 

Treasury
Stock

 

Accumulated
Other
Comprehen-
sive Income
(Loss)

 

Non-
controlling
Interest

 

Balance at December 31, 2011

 

$

15,862

 

$

3,776

 

$

28,348

 

$

(11,679

)

$

(5,025

)

$

442

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

1,141

 

 

 

1,125

 

 

 

 

 

16

 

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cumulative translation adjustment

 

134

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

155

 

(21

)

Defined benefit pension and post-retirement plans adjustment

 

97

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

97

 

 

Debt and equity securities - unrealized gain (loss)

 

3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3

 

 

Cash flow hedging instruments - unrealized gain (loss)

 

(15

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

(15

)

 

Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax

 

219

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dividends paid

 

(410

)

 

 

(410

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stock-based compensation, net of tax impacts

 

127

 

127

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Reacquired stock

 

(534

)

 

 

 

 

(534

)

 

 

 

 

Issuances pursuant to stock option and benefit plans

 

214

 

 

 

(205

)

419

 

 

 

 

 

Balance at March 31, 2012

 

$

16,619

 

$

3,903

 

$

28,858

 

$

(11,794

)

$

(4,785

)

$

437

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three months ended March 31, 2011

 

 

 

3M Company Shareholders

 

 

 

(Millions)

 

Total

 

Common
Stock and
Additional
Paid-in
Capital

 

Retained
Earnings

 

Treasury
Stock

 

Accumulated
Other
Comprehen-
sive Income
(Loss)

 

Non-
controlling
Interest

 

Balance at December 31, 2010

 

$

16,017

 

$

3,477

 

$

25,995

 

$

(10,266

)

$

(3,543

)

$

354

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

1,103

 

 

 

1,081

 

 

 

 

 

22

 

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cumulative translation adjustment

 

242

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

248

 

(6

)

Defined benefit pension and post-retirement plans adjustment

 

76

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

76

 

 

Debt and equity securities - unrealized gain (loss)

 

(1

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1

)

 

Cash flow hedging instruments - unrealized gain (loss)

 

(17

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

(17

)

 

Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax

 

300

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dividends paid

 

(392

)

 

 

(392

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Business combination allocation to noncontrolling interest

 

56

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

56

 

Purchase and sale of subsidiary shares - net

 

(33

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(33

)

Stock-based compensation, net of tax impacts

 

131

 

131

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Reacquired stock

 

(675

)

 

 

 

 

(675

)

 

 

 

 

Issuances pursuant to stock option and benefit plans

 

380

 

 

 

(163

)

543

 

 

 

 

 

Balance at March 31, 2011

 

$

16,887

 

$

3,608

 

$

26,521

 

$

(10,398

)

$

(3,237

)

$

393

 

 

 

 

 

March 31,

 

December 31,

 

(Millions)

 

2012

 

2011

 

Cumulative translation adjustment

 

$

269

 

$

114

 

Defined benefit pension and postretirement plans adjustment

 

(5,058

)

(5,155

)

Debt and equity securities, unrealized gain (loss)

 

(3

)

(6

)

Cash flow hedging instruments, unrealized gain (loss)

 

7

 

22

 

Total accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

 

$

(4,785

)

$

(5,025

)

 

 

 

 

Three months ended

 

 

 

March 31,

 

(Millions)

 

2012

 

2011

 

Net income attributable to 3M

 

$

1,125

 

$

1,081

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cumulative translation

 

155

 

221

 

Tax effect

 

 

27

 

Cumulative translation - net of tax

 

155

 

248

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Defined benefit pension and postretirement plans adjustment

 

153

 

119

 

Tax effect

 

(56

)

(43

)

Defined benefit pension and postretirement plans adjustment - net of tax

 

97

 

76

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Debt and equity securities, unrealized gain (loss)

 

5

 

(2

)

Tax effect

 

(2

)

1

 

Debt and equity securities, unrealized gain (loss) - net of tax

 

3

 

(1

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash flow hedging instruments, unrealized gain (loss)

 

(24

)

(27

)

Tax effect

 

9

 

10

 

Cash flow hedging instruments unrealized gain (loss) - net of tax

 

(15

)

(17

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total comprehensive income (loss) attributable to 3M

 

$

1,365

 

$

1,387

 

Marketable Securities (Tables)

 

 

 

 

March 31,

 

December 31,

 

(Millions) 

 

2012

 

2011

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S. government agency securities

 

$

105

 

$

119

 

Foreign government agency securities

 

3

 

8

 

Corporate debt securities

 

360

 

413

 

Commercial paper

 

70

 

30

 

Certificates of deposit/time deposits

 

58

 

49

 

U.S. treasury securities

 

20

 

 

U.S. municipal securities

 

14

 

9

 

Asset-backed securities:

 

 

 

 

 

Automobile loan related

 

484

 

530

 

Credit card related

 

220

 

244

 

Equipment lease related

 

59

 

54

 

Other

 

6

 

5

 

Asset-backed securities total

 

769

 

833

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current marketable securities

 

$

1,399

 

$

1,461

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S. government agency securities

 

$

257

 

$

361

 

Foreign government agency securities

 

 

15

 

Corporate debt securities

 

275

 

255

 

U.S. treasury securities

 

39

 

34

 

U.S. municipal securities

 

5

 

5

 

Auction rate securities

 

5

 

4

 

Asset-backed securities:

 

 

 

 

 

Automobile loan related

 

99

 

188

 

Credit card related

 

39

 

24

 

Equipment lease related

 

44

 

10

 

Asset-backed securities total

 

182

 

222

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non-current marketable securities

 

$

763

 

$

896

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total marketable securities

 

$

2,162

 

$

2,357

 

 

 

(Millions)

 

March 31, 2012

 

 

 

 

 

Due in one year or less

 

$

915

 

Due after one year through three years

 

1,085

 

Due after three years through five years

 

147

 

Due after five years

 

15

 

 

 

 

 

Total marketable securities

 

$

2,162

 

Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans (Tables)
Components of net periodic benefit cost

 

 

 

 

Three months ended March 31,

 

 

 

Qualified and Non-qualified

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pension Benefits

 

Postretirement

 

 

 

United States

 

International

 

Benefits

 

(Millions)

 

2012

 

2011

 

2012

 

2011

 

2012

 

2011

 

Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Service cost

 

$

63

 

$

51

 

$

31

 

$

28

 

$

19

 

$

15

 

Interest cost

 

147

 

158

 

61

 

62

 

22

 

23

 

Expected return on plan assets

 

(248

)

(232

)

(73

)

(70

)

(21

)

(19

)

Amortization of transition (asset) obligation

 

 

 

(1

)

 

 

 

Amortization of prior service cost (benefit)

 

2

 

3

 

(4

)

(3

)

(18

)

(18

)

Amortization of net actuarial (gain) loss

 

117

 

83

 

30

 

28

 

27

 

26

 

Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)

 

$

81

 

$

63

 

$

44

 

$

45

 

$

29

 

$

27

 

Settlements, curtailments, special termination benefits and other

 

26

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net periodic benefit cost (benefit) after settlements, curtailments, special termination benefits and other

 

$

107

 

$

63

 

$

44

 

$

45

 

$

29

 

$

27

 

Derivatives (Tables)

 

 

Three months ended March 31, 2012
(Millions)

 

Pretax Gain (Loss)
Recognized in Other
Comprehensive
Income on Effective
Portion of Derivative

 

Pretax Gain (Loss) Recognized in
Income on Effective Portion of
Derivative as a Result of
Reclassification from
Accumulated Other
Comprehensive Income

 

Ineffective Portion of Gain
(Loss) on Derivative and
Amount Excluded from
Effectiveness Testing
Recognized in Income

 

Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships

 

Amount

 

Location

 

Amount

 

Location

 

Amount

 

Foreign currency forward/option contracts

 

$

(24

)

Cost of sales

 

$

 

Cost of sales

 

$

 

Foreign currency forward contracts

 

1

 

Interest expense

 

 

Interest expense

 

 

Commodity price swap contracts

 

(5

)

Cost of sales

 

(4

)

Cost of sales

 

 —

 

Total

 

$

(28

)

 

 

$

(4

)

 

 

$

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three months ended March 31, 2011
(Millions)

 

Pretax Gain (Loss)
Recognized in Other
Comprehensive
Income on Effective
Portion of Derivative

 

Pretax Gain (Loss) Recognized in
Income on Effective Portion of
Derivative as a Result of
Reclassification from
Accumulated Other
Comprehensive Income

 

Ineffective Portion of Gain
(Loss) on Derivative and
Amount Excluded from
Effectiveness Testing
Recognized in Income

 

Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships

 

Amount

 

Location

 

Amount

 

Location

 

Amount

 

Foreign currency forward/option contracts

 

$

(34

)

Cost of sales

 

$

(6

)

Cost of sales

 

$

 

Foreign currency forward contracts

 

8

 

Interest expense

 

10

 

Interest expense

 

 

Commodity price swap contracts

 

(1

)

Cost of sales

 

(4

)

Cost of sales

 

 

Total

 

$

(27

)

 

 

$

 

 

 

$

 

 

 

Three months ended March 31, 2012

 

Gain (Loss) on Derivative

 

Gain (Loss) on Hedged Item

 

(Millions)

 

Recognized in Income

 

Recognized in Income

 

Derivatives in Fair Value Hedging Relationships

 

Location

 

Amount

 

Location

 

Amount

 

Interest rate swap contracts

 

Interest expense

 

$

(1

)

Interest expense

 

$

1

 

Total

 

 

 

$

(1

)

 

 

$

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three months ended March 31, 2011

 

Gain (Loss) on Derivative

 

Gain (Loss) on Hedged Item

 

(Millions)

 

Recognized in Income

 

Recognized in Income

 

Derivatives in Fair Value Hedging Relationships

 

Location

 

Amount

 

Location

 

Amount

 

Interest rate swap contracts

 

Interest expense

 

$

(10

)

Interest expense

 

$

10

 

Total

 

 

 

$

(10

)

 

 

$

10

 

 

 

Three months ended March 31, 2012
Derivative and Nonderivative Instruments in Net Investment Hedging
Relationships

 

Pretax Gain (Loss)
Recognized as Cumulative
Translation within Other
Comprehensive Income
on Effective Portion of
Instrument

 

Ineffective Portion of Gain
(Loss) on Instrument and
Amount Excluded from
Effectiveness Testing
Recognized in Income

 

(Millions)

 

Amount

 

Location

 

Amount

 

Foreign currency denominated debt

 

$

(40

)

N/A

 

$

 

Total

 

$

(40

)

 

 

$

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three months ended March 31, 2011
Derivative and Nonderivative Instruments in Net Investment Hedging
Relationships

 

Pretax Gain (Loss)
Recognized as Cumulative
Translation within Other
Comprehensive Income
on Effective Portion of
Instrument

 

Ineffective Portion of Gain
(Loss) on Instrument and
Amount Excluded from
Effectiveness Testing
Recognized in Income

 

(Millions)

 

Amount

 

Location

 

Amount

 

Foreign currency denominated debt

 

$

(85

)

N/A

 

$

 

Total

 

$

(85

)

 

 

$

 

 

 

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments

 

Three months ended March 31, 2012
Gain (Loss) on Derivative Recognized in Income

 

(Millions)

 

Location

 

Amount

 

Foreign currency forward/option contracts

 

Cost of sales

 

$

(15

)

Foreign currency forward contracts

 

Interest expense

 

27

 

Commodity price swap contracts

 

Cost of sales

 

1

 

Total

 

 

 

$

13

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments

 

Three months ended March 31, 2011
Gain (Loss) on Derivative Recognized in Income

 

(Millions)

 

Location

 

Amount

 

Foreign currency forward/option contracts

 

Cost of sales

 

$

(12

)

Foreign currency forward contracts

 

Interest expense

 

16

 

Total

 

 

 

$

4

 

 

 

March 31, 2012

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(Millions)

 

Assets

 

Liabilities

 

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments

 

Location

 

Amount

 

Location

 

Amount

 

Derivatives designated as hedging instruments

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign currency forward/option contracts

 

Other current assets

 

$

34

 

Other current liabilities

 

$

36

 

Commodity price swap contracts

 

Other current assets

 

 

Other current liabilities

 

7

 

Interest rate swap contracts

 

Other assets

 

27

 

Other liabilities

 

 

Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments

 

 

 

$

61

 

 

 

$

43

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign currency forward/option contracts

 

Other current assets

 

$

18

 

Other current liabilities

 

$

11

 

Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments

 

 

 

$

18

 

 

 

$

11

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total derivative instruments

 

 

 

$

79

 

 

 

$

54

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

December 31, 2011

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(Millions)

 

Assets

 

Liabilities

 

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments

 

Location

 

Amount

 

Location

 

Amount

 

Derivatives designated as hedging instruments

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign currency forward/option contracts

 

Other current assets

 

$

82

 

Other current liabilities

 

$

34

 

Commodity price swap contracts

 

Other current assets

 

 

Other current liabilities

 

7

 

Interest rate swap contracts

 

Other assets

 

28

 

Other liabilities

 

 

Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments

 

 

 

$

110

 

 

 

$

41

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign currency forward/option contracts

 

Other current assets

 

$

25

 

Other current liabilities

 

$

8

 

Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments

 

 

 

$

25

 

 

 

$

8

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total derivative instruments

 

 

 

$

135

 

 

 

$

49

 

Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fair Value Measurements

 

(Millions)

 

Fair Value at

 

Using Inputs Considered as

 

Description

 

Mar. 31, 2012

 

Level 1

 

Level 2

 

Level 3

 

Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Available-for-sale:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Marketable securities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S. government agency securities

 

$

362

 

$

 

$

362

 

$

 

Foreign government agency securities

 

3

 

 

3

 

 

Corporate debt securities

 

635

 

 

635

 

 

Certificates of deposit/time deposits

 

58

 

 

58

 

 

Commercial paper

 

70

 

 

70

 

 

Asset-backed securities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Automobile loan related

 

583

 

 

583

 

 

Credit card related

 

259

 

 

259

 

 

Equipment lease related

 

103

 

 

103

 

 

Other

 

6

 

 

6

 

 

U.S. treasury securities

 

59

 

59

 

 

 

U.S. municipal securities

 

19

 

 

19

 

 

Auction rate securities

 

5

 

 

 

5

 

Investments

 

3

 

3

 

 

 

Derivative instruments — assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign currency forward/option contracts

 

52

 

47

 

5

 

 

Interest rate swap contracts

 

27

 

 

27

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivative instruments — liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign currency forward/option contracts

 

47

 

47

 

 

 

Commodity price swap contracts

 

7

 

7

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fair Value Measurements

 

(Millions)

 

Fair Value at

 

Using Inputs Considered as

 

Description

 

Dec. 31, 2011

 

Level 1

 

Level 2

 

Level 3

 

Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Available-for-sale:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Marketable securities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S. government agency securities

 

$

480

 

$

 

$

480

 

$

 

Foreign government agency securities

 

23

 

 

23

 

 

Corporate debt securities

 

668

 

 

668

 

 

Certificates of deposit/time deposits

 

49

 

 

49

 

 

Commercial paper

 

30

 

 

30

 

 

Asset-backed securities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Automobile loan related

 

718

 

 

718

 

 

Credit card related

 

268

 

 

268

 

 

Equipment lease related

 

64

 

 

64

 

 

Other

 

5

 

 

5

 

 

U.S. treasury securities

 

34

 

34

 

 

 

U.S. municipal securities

 

14

 

 

14

 

 

Auction rate securities

 

4

 

 

 

4

 

Investments

 

4

 

4

 

 

 

Derivative instruments — assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign currency forward/option contracts

 

107

 

98

 

9

 

 

Interest rate swap contracts

 

28

 

 

28

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivative instruments — liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign currency forward/option contracts

 

42

 

42

 

 

 

Commodity price swap contracts

 

7

 

7

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three months ended

 

(Millions)

 

March 31,

 

Marketable securities — auction rate securities only

 

2012

 

2011

 

Beginning balance

 

$

4

 

$

7

 

Total gains or losses:

 

 

 

 

 

Included in earnings

 

 

 

Included in other comprehensive income

 

1

 

 

Purchases, issuances, and settlements

 

 

 

Transfers in and/or out of Level 3

 

 

 

Ending balance (March 31)

 

5

 

7

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Additional losses included in earnings due to reclassifications from other comprehensive income for:

 

 

 

 

 

Securities sold during the period ended March 31

 

 

 

Securities still held at March 31

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

March 31, 2012

 

December 31, 2011

 

 

 

Carrying

 

Fair

 

Carrying

 

Fair

 

(Millions)

 

Value

 

Value

 

Value

 

Value

 

Long-term debt, excluding current portion

 

$

4,510

 

$

4,942

 

$

4,484

 

$

5,002

 

Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)
Accrued Liabilities and Insurance Receivables Related to Legal Proceedings

 

 

Liability and Receivable Balances

 

 

 

 

 

(Millions)

 

Mar. 31, 2012

 

Dec. 31, 2011

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Respirator mask/asbestos liabilities

 

$

133

 

$

130

 

Respirator mask/asbestos insurance receivables

 

124

 

121

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Environmental remediation liabilities

 

$

30

 

$

28

 

Environmental remediation insurance receivables

 

15

 

15

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other environmental liabilities

 

$

70

 

$

75

 

Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)

 

 

 

 

Three months ended

 

 

 

March 31,

 

(Millions)

 

2012

 

2011

 

Cost of sales

 

$

12

 

$

14

 

Selling, general and administrative expenses

 

78

 

87

 

Research, development and related expenses

 

13

 

15

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stock-based compensation expenses

 

$

103

 

$

116

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income tax benefits

 

$

(32

)

$

(41

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stock-based compensation expenses, net of tax

 

$

71

 

$

75

 

 

 

Stock Option Program

 

 

 

Number of
Options

 

Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price

 

Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life (months)

 

Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
(millions)

 

Under option —

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

January 1

 

64,148,415

 

$

77.28

 

 

 

 

 

Granted:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Annual

 

5,770,190

 

87.91

 

 

 

 

 

Progressive (Reload)

 

27,555

 

87.65

 

 

 

 

 

Exercised

 

(2,818,401

)

63.68

 

 

 

 

 

Canceled

 

(54,173

)

82.53

 

 

 

 

 

March 31

 

67,073,586

 

$

78.77

 

58

 

$

704

 

Options exercisable `

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

March 31

 

55,524,130

 

$

77.18

 

48

 

$

700

 

 

 

 

 

Annual

 

Stock Option Assumptions

 

2012

 

Exercise price

 

$

87.89

 

Risk-free interest rate

 

1.1

%

Dividend yield

 

2.6

%

Expected volatility

 

24.5

%

Expected life (months)

 

74

 

Black-Scholes fair value

 

$

14.94

 

 

 

Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted Average

 

Restricted Stock and

 

Number of

 

Grant Date

 

Restricted Stock Units

 

Awards

 

Fair Value

 

Nonvested balance —

 

 

 

 

 

As of January 1

 

4,858,972

 

$

73.02

 

Granted:

 

 

 

 

 

Annual

 

968,522

 

87.92

 

Other

 

15,267

 

86.92

 

Vested

 

(1,763,719

)

57.79

 

Forfeited

 

(20,803

)

77.82

 

As of March 31

 

4,058,239

 

$

83.23

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted
Average

 

 

 

Number of

 

Grant Date

 

Performance Shares

 

Awards

 

Fair Value

 

Undistributed balance —

 

 

 

 

 

As of January 1

 

878,872

 

$

78.55

 

Granted

 

412,964

 

81.00

 

Performance change

 

78,166

 

81.07

 

Forfeited

 

(5,815

)

79.03

 

As of March 31

 

1,364,187

 

$

79.43

 

Business Segments (Tables)
Business Segment Information

 

 

Business Segment Information

 

Three months ended

 

 

 

March 31,

 

(Millions)

 

2012

 

2011

 

Net Sales

 

 

 

 

 

Industrial and Transportation

 

$

2,660

 

$

2,450

 

Health Care

 

1,280

 

1,255

 

Consumer and Office

 

1,043

 

1,000

 

Safety, Security and Protection Services

 

981

 

929

 

Display and Graphics

 

832

 

943

 

Electro and Communications

 

808

 

836

 

Corporate and Unallocated

 

1

 

5

 

Elimination of Dual Credit

 

(119

)

(107

)

Total Company

 

$

7,486

 

$

7,311

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating Income

 

 

 

 

 

Industrial and Transportation

 

$

600

 

$

516

 

Health Care

 

402

 

369

 

Consumer and Office

 

234

 

215

 

Safety, Security and Protection Services

 

231

 

199

 

Display and Graphics

 

163

 

230

 

Electro and Communications

 

168

 

178

 

Corporate and Unallocated

 

(138

)

(105

)

Elimination of Dual Credit

 

(26

)

(24

)

Total Company

 

$

1,634

 

$

1,578

 

Significant Accounting Policies (Details) (USD $)
In Millions, except Per Share data, unless otherwise specified
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Mar. 31, 2011
Earnings per share
 
 
Options outstanding not included in computation of diluted earnings per share (in shares)
19.2 
3.6 
Numerator:
 
 
Net income attributable to 3M
$ 1,125 
$ 1,081 
Denominator:
 
 
Denominator for weighted average 3M common shares outstanding - basic (in shares)
696.8 
711.5 
Dilution associated with the Company's stock-based compensation plans (in shares)
9.3 
14.9 
Denominator for weighted average 3M common shares outstanding - diluted (in shares)
706.1 
726.4 
Earnings per share attributable to 3M common shareholders - basic (in dollars per share)
$ 1.61 
$ 1.52 
Earnings per share attributable to 3M common shareholders - diluted (in dollars per share)
$ 1.59 
$ 1.49 
Revision of amounts previously presented related to purchase of additional shares of non-wholly owned consolidated subsidiaries, which increased cash used in financing activities and decreased cash used in investing activities
 
$ 33 
Acquisitions (Details) (Avery Dennison Corp., USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified
Dec. 31, 2011
Avery Dennison Corp.
 
Supplemental information:
 
Expected purchase price
$ 550 
Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Details) (USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Goodwill Information
 
Increase (decrease) in goodwill related to preliminary allocation of purchase price for prior acquisitions
$ 12 
Goodwill
 
Balance at the beginning of the period
7,047 
Acquisition activity
12 
Translation and other
31 
Balance at the end of the period
7,090 
Industrial and Transportation
 
Goodwill
 
Balance at the beginning of the period
1,961 
Acquisition activity
Translation and other
26 
Balance at the end of the period
1,993 
Health Care
 
Goodwill
 
Balance at the beginning of the period
1,514 
Translation and other
Balance at the end of the period
1,519 
Consumer and Office
 
Goodwill
 
Balance at the beginning of the period
228 
Acquisition activity
Translation and other
Balance at the end of the period
237 
Safety, Security and Protection Services
 
Goodwill
 
Balance at the beginning of the period
1,675 
Translation and other
Balance at the end of the period
1,679 
Display and Graphics
 
Goodwill
 
Balance at the beginning of the period
993 
Translation and other
(8)
Balance at the end of the period
985 
Electro and Communications
 
Goodwill
 
Balance at the beginning of the period
676 
Translation and other
Balance at the end of the period
$ 677 
Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Details 2) (USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Mar. 31, 2011
Dec. 31, 2011
Acquired intangible assets disclosures
 
 
 
Total gross carrying amount
$ 2,815 
 
$ 2,884 
Total accumulated amortization
(1,075)
 
(1,091)
Total finite-lived intangible assets - net
1,740 
 
1,793 
Non-amortizable intangible assets (tradenames)
125 
 
123 
Total intangible assets - net
1,865 
 
1,916 
Amortization expense for acquired intangible assets
58 
54 
 
Expected amortization expense for acquired intangible assets recorded as of balance sheet date
 
 
 
Remainder of 2012
170 
 
 
2013
214 
 
 
2014
191 
 
 
2015
178 
 
 
2016
166 
 
 
2017
152 
 
 
After 2017
669 
 
 
Patents
 
 
 
Acquired intangible assets disclosures
 
 
 
Total gross carrying amount
564 
 
561 
Total accumulated amortization
(385)
 
(374)
Other amortizable intangible assets (primarily tradenames and customer related intangibles)
 
 
 
Acquired intangible assets disclosures
 
 
 
Total gross carrying amount
2,251 
 
2,323 
Total accumulated amortization
$ (690)
 
$ (717)
Supplemental Equity and Comprehensive Income Information (Details) (USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Mar. 31, 2011
Increase (decrease) in equity
 
 
Balance
$ 15,862 
$ 16,017 
Net income
1,141 
1,103 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
 
 
Cumulative translation adjustment
134 
242 
Defined benefit pension and postretirement plans adjustment
97 
76 
Debt and equity securities - unrealized gain (loss)
(1)
Cash flow hedging instruments - unrealized gain (loss)
(15)
(17)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
219 
300 
Dividends paid
(410)
(392)
Stock-based compensation, net of tax impacts
127 
131 
Reacquired stock
(534)
(675)
Issuances pursuant to stock option and benefit plans
214 
380 
Business combination allocation to noncontrolling interest
 
56 
Purchase and sale of subsidiary shares - net
 
(33)
Balance
16,619 
16,887 
Common Stock and Additional Paid-in Capital
 
 
Increase (decrease) in equity
 
 
Balance
3,776 
3,477 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
 
 
Stock-based compensation, net of tax impacts
127 
131 
Balance
3,903 
3,608 
Retained Earnings
 
 
Increase (decrease) in equity
 
 
Balance
28,348 
25,995 
Net income
1,125 
1,081 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
 
 
Dividends paid
(410)
(392)
Issuances pursuant to stock option and benefit plans
(205)
(163)
Balance
28,858 
26,521 
Treasury Stock
 
 
Increase (decrease) in equity
 
 
Balance
(11,679)
(10,266)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
 
 
Reacquired stock
(534)
(675)
Issuances pursuant to stock option and benefit plans
419 
543 
Balance
(11,794)
(10,398)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
 
 
Increase (decrease) in equity
 
 
Balance
(5,025)
(3,543)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
 
 
Cumulative translation adjustment
155 
248 
Defined benefit pension and postretirement plans adjustment
97 
76 
Debt and equity securities - unrealized gain (loss)
(1)
Cash flow hedging instruments - unrealized gain (loss)
(15)
(17)
Balance
(4,785)
(3,237)
Noncontrolling Interest
 
 
Increase (decrease) in equity
 
 
Balance
442 
354 
Net income
16 
22 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
 
 
Cumulative translation adjustment
(21)
(6)
Business combination allocation to noncontrolling interest
 
56 
Purchase and sale of subsidiary shares - net
 
(33)
Balance
437 
393 
Comprehensive Income
 
 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
 
 
Cumulative translation adjustment
134 
242 
Defined benefit pension and postretirement plans adjustment
97 
76 
Debt and equity securities - unrealized gain (loss)
(1)
Cash flow hedging instruments - unrealized gain (loss)
(15)
(17)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
$ 219 
$ 300 
Supplemental Equity and Comprehensive Income Information (Details 2) (USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified
Mar. 31, 2012
Dec. 31, 2011
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Attributable to 3M
 
 
Cumulative translation adjustment
$ 269 
$ 114 
Defined benefit pension and postretirement plans adjustment
(5,058)
(5,155)
Debt and equity securities, unrealized gain (loss)
(3)
(6)
Cash flow hedging instruments, unrealized gain (loss)
22 
Total accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
$ (4,785)
$ (5,025)
Supplemental Equity and Comprehensive Income Information (Details 3) (USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Mar. 31, 2011
Components of Comprehensive Income (Loss) Attributable to 3M
 
 
Net income attributable to 3M
$ 1,125 
$ 1,081 
Cumulative translation
155 
221 
Tax effect
 
27 
Cumulative translation - net of tax
155 
248 
Defined benefit pension and postretirement plans adjustment
153 
119 
Tax effect
(56)
(43)
Defined benefit pension and postretirement plans adjustment - net of tax
97 
76 
Debt and equity securities, unrealized gain (loss)
(2)
Tax effect
(2)
Debt and equity securities, unrealized gain (loss) - net of tax
(1)
Cash flow hedging instruments, unrealized gain (loss)
(24)
(27)
Tax effect
10 
Cash flow hedging instruments, unrealized gain (loss) - net of tax
(15)
(17)
Total Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to 3M
1,365 
1,387 
Reclassification to earnings from accumulated other comprehensive income including noncontrolling interest that related to pension and postretirement expense in the income statement, before tax
153 
119 
Reclassification to earnings from accumulated other comprehensive income including noncontrolling interest that related to pension and postretirement expense in the income statement, after tax
97 
76 
Reclassification to earnings from accumulated other comprehensive income to loss on debt and equity securities in the income statement, before tax
 
Reclassification to earnings from accumulated other comprehensive income to loss on debt and equity securities in the income statement, after tax
$ 1 
 
Supplemental Equity and Comprehensive Income Information (Details 4) (USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified
3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2011
Dec. 31, 2011
Business Acquisitions Information
 
 
Cash paid for purchase and sale of subsidiary shares - net
$ 33 
 
Winterthur Technologie AG
 
 
Business Acquisitions Information
 
 
Percentage of subsidiary share's owned by entity on the business acquisition date (as a percent)
86.00% 
 
Percentage of subsidiary share's owned by entity as of latest balance sheet date (as a percent)
94.00% 
100.00% 
Cash paid for purchase and sale of subsidiary shares - net
 
$ 56 
Income Taxes (Details) (USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Mar. 31, 2011
Dec. 31, 2011
Reconciliation of Effective Income Tax Rate
 
 
 
Effective tax rate (as a percent)
28.80% 
28.60% 
 
Income tax
 
 
 
Net UTB impacting the effective tax rate
$ 246 
 
$ 295 
Period discussed over which uncertain tax positions could include material unrecognized tax benefits due to the closing of various audit years (in months)
P12M 
 
 
Interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits, expense (benefit) recognized on a gross basis
(3)
(2)
 
Interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits, accrued on a gross basis
56 
 
56 
Change in effective income tax rate from prior reporting period to current reporting period (as a percent)
0.20% 
 
 
Deferred tax assets valuation allowance
$ 30 
 
$ 82 
Marketable Securities (Details) (USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
D
M
Dec. 31, 2011
Marketable securities classification
 
 
Current marketable securities
$ 1,399 
$ 1,461 
Non-current marketable securities
763 
896 
Total marketable securities
2,162 
2,357 
Gross unrealized losses on marketable securities (pre-tax)
12 
Gross unrealized gains on marketable securities (pre-tax)
Fair market value of asset-backed securities rated AAA/A3 or AAA/Aa3
 
Number of asset-backed securities rated AAA/A3 or AAA/Aa3
 
Number of asset-backed securities rated AAA/A3
 
Number of asset-backed securities rated AAA/Aa3
 
U.S. government agency securities
 
 
Marketable securities classification
 
 
Current marketable securities
105 
119 
Non-current marketable securities
257 
361 
Foreign government agency securities
 
 
Marketable securities classification
 
 
Current marketable securities
Non-current marketable securities
 
15 
Corporate debt securities
 
 
Marketable securities classification
 
 
Current marketable securities
360 
413 
Non-current marketable securities
275 
255 
Commercial paper
 
 
Marketable securities classification
 
 
Current marketable securities
70 
30 
Certificates of deposit/time deposits
 
 
Marketable securities classification
 
 
Current marketable securities
58 
49 
U.S. treasury securities
 
 
Marketable securities classification
 
 
Current marketable securities
20 
 
Non-current marketable securities
39 
34 
U.S. municipal securities
 
 
Marketable securities classification
 
 
Current marketable securities
14 
Non-current marketable securities
Asset-backed securities:
 
 
Marketable securities classification
 
 
Current marketable securities
769 
833 
Non-current marketable securities
182 
222 
Estimated fair value of current and long-term securities
951 
 
Asset-backed securities Automobile loan related
 
 
Marketable securities classification
 
 
Current marketable securities
484 
530 
Non-current marketable securities
99 
188 
Asset-backed securities Credit card related
 
 
Marketable securities classification
 
 
Current marketable securities
220 
244 
Non-current marketable securities
39 
24 
Asset-backed securities Equipment lease related
 
 
Marketable securities classification
 
 
Current marketable securities
59 
54 
Non-current marketable securities
44 
10 
Asset-backed securities Other asset-backed securities
 
 
Marketable securities classification
 
 
Current marketable securities
Auction rate securities
 
 
Marketable securities classification
 
 
Non-current marketable securities
Gross unrealized losses on marketable securities (pre-tax)
Estimated fair value of current and long-term securities
$ 5 
$ 4 
Percentage of interests in auction rate securities to portfolio, maximum (as a percent)
1.00% 
 
Minimum period that auction rate securities have been in a loss position (in months)
12 
 
Pre-determined intervals during which liquidity for auction rate securities is typically provided 1 (in days)
 
Pre-determined intervals during which liquidity for auction rate securities is typically provided 2 (in days)
28 
 
Pre-determined intervals during which liquidity for auction rate securities is typically provided 3 (in days)
35 
 
Pre-determined intervals during which liquidity for auction rate securities is typically provided 4 (in days)
90 
 
Marketable Securities (Details 2) (USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified
Mar. 31, 2012
Dec. 31, 2011
Marketable securities by contractual maturity
 
 
Due in one year or less
$ 915 
 
Due after one year through three years
1,085 
 
Due after three years through five years
147 
 
Due after five years
15 
 
Total marketable securities
$ 2,162 
$ 2,357 
Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans (Details) (USD $)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Mar. 31, 2011
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)
 
 
Defined benefit plan estimated current fiscal year employer contributions
$ 1,000,000,000 
 
Qualified and Non-qualified Pension Benefits
 
 
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)
 
 
Contributions made to the Company's plans
300,000,000 
 
United States Qualified and Non-qualified Pension Benefits
 
 
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)
 
 
Service cost
63,000,000 
51,000,000 
Interest cost
147,000,000 
158,000,000 
Expected return on plan assets
(248,000,000)
(232,000,000)
Amortization of prior service cost (benefit)
2,000,000 
3,000,000 
Amortization of net actuarial (gain) loss
117,000,000 
83,000,000 
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)
81,000,000 
63,000,000 
Settlements, curtailments, special termination benefits and other
26,000,000 
 
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit) after settlements, curtailments, special termination benefits and other
107,000,000 
63,000,000 
International Qualified and Non-qualified Pension Benefits
 
 
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)
 
 
Service cost
31,000,000 
28,000,000 
Interest cost
61,000,000 
62,000,000 
Expected return on plan assets
(73,000,000)
(70,000,000)
Amortization of transition (asset) obligation
(1,000,000)
 
Amortization of prior service cost (benefit)
(4,000,000)
(3,000,000)
Amortization of net actuarial (gain) loss
30,000,000 
28,000,000 
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)
44,000,000 
45,000,000 
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit) after settlements, curtailments, special termination benefits and other
44,000,000 
45,000,000 
Postretirement Benefits
 
 
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)
 
 
Service cost
19,000,000 
15,000,000 
Interest cost
22,000,000 
23,000,000 
Expected return on plan assets
(21,000,000)
(19,000,000)
Amortization of prior service cost (benefit)
(18,000,000)
(18,000,000)
Amortization of net actuarial (gain) loss
27,000,000 
26,000,000 
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)
29,000,000 
27,000,000 
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit) after settlements, curtailments, special termination benefits and other
29,000,000 
27,000,000 
Contributions made to the Company's plans
$ 37,000,000 
 
Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans (Details 2) (USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Y
LimitedPartner
Benefit Plan Information
 
Special termination benefits - number of additional years of pension service
Special termination benefits - number of additional years of age for certain benefit calculations
Special termination benefits - number of participants
616 
Special termination benefits charge
$ 26 
Percentage of WG Trading Company holdings in relation to total fair value of the company's total plan assets high end of range (percent expressed as a decimal)
1.00% 
Number of additional limited partners of WG Trading Company, in addition to 3M, who objected and appealed the court's order to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit
Derivatives (Details) (USD $)
3 Months Ended 1 Months Ended 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Dec. 31, 2011
Mar. 31, 2012
Cash flow hedge
Mar. 31, 2011
Cash flow hedge
Mar. 31, 2012
Cash flow hedge
Foreign currency forward/option contracts
Mar. 31, 2011
Cash flow hedge
Foreign currency forward/option contracts
Mar. 31, 2011
Cash flow hedge
Foreign currency forward/option contracts
Cost of Sales
Mar. 31, 2012
Cash flow hedge
Foreign currency forward contracts
Mar. 31, 2011
Cash flow hedge
Foreign currency forward contracts
Mar. 31, 2011
Cash flow hedge
Foreign currency forward contracts
Interest expense
Mar. 31, 2012
Cash flow hedge
Commodity price swap contracts
Mar. 31, 2011
Cash flow hedge
Commodity price swap contracts
Mar. 31, 2012
Cash flow hedge
Commodity price swap contracts
Cost of Sales
Mar. 31, 2011
Cash flow hedge
Commodity price swap contracts
Cost of Sales
Aug. 31, 2011
Cash flow hedge
Interest rate swap contracts
Y
Mar. 31, 2012
Cash flow hedge
Interest rate swap contracts
Derivatives gain (loss)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Maximum length of time hedged (in months)
 
 
 
 
12 months 
 
 
 
 
 
12 months 
 
 
 
 
 
Term of interest rate swap (in years)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
5 years 
 
Dollar equivalent gross notional amount, foreign exchange forward and option contracts designated as cash flow hedges
 
 
 
 
$ 5,200,000,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dollar equivalent gross notional amount, natural gas commodity price swaps designated as cash flow hedges
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
23,000,000 
 
 
 
 
 
Dollar equivalent gross notional amount, forecasted debt issuance contracts designated as cash flow hedges
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
400,000,000 
 
Principal amount
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,000,000,000 
 
Pretax Gain (Loss) Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income on Effective portion of Derivative
 
 
(28,000,000)
(27,000,000)
(24,000,000)
(34,000,000)
 
1,000,000 
8,000,000 
 
(5,000,000)
(1,000,000)
 
 
 
(7,000,000)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedges
7,000,000 
22,000,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(4,000,000)
The time period estimated for the anticipated transfer of gains (losses), net from accumulated other comprehensive income into earnings (in months)
 
 
12 months 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
5 years 
Debt instrument term
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pretax Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income on Effective Portion of Derivative as a Result of Reclassification from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
 
 
$ (4,000,000)
 
 
 
$ (6,000,000)
 
 
$ 10,000,000 
 
 
$ (4,000,000)
$ (4,000,000)
 
 
Derivatives (Details 2)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified
3 Months Ended 1 Months Ended 1 Months Ended 1 Months Ended 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
USD ($)
Mar. 31, 2011
USD ($)
Oct. 31, 2008
Interest rate swaps
Floating rate Medium-term note due 2011
USD ($)
Y
Derivative
Mar. 31, 2012
Fair value hedges
Interest rate swaps
USD ($)
Jul. 31, 2007
Fair value hedges
Interest rate swaps
Eurobond 750 Million Euros Issued July2007
EUR (€)
Y
Aug. 31, 2010
Fair value hedges
Interest rate swaps
Eurobond 750 Million Euros Issued July2007
EUR (€)
Jul. 31, 2007
Fair value hedges
Interest rate swaps
Eurobond 275 Million Euros Issued December2007
EUR (€)
Y
Mar. 31, 2012
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments
Fair value hedges
USD ($)
Mar. 31, 2011
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments
Fair value hedges
USD ($)
Derivatives in Fair Value Hedging Relationships or Net Investment Hedges
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notional amount, interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges
 
 
$ 800 
$ 342 
€ 400 
 
 
 
 
Term of debt instrument (in years)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Face amount
 
 
800 
 
750 
 
275 
 
 
Termination of notional amount of fixed-to-floating interest rate swap
 
 
 
 
 
150 
 
 
 
Gain (loss) on termination of fixed-to-floating interest rate swap will be amortized over this debt's remaining life
 
 
 
 
 
18 
 
 
 
Number of fixed-to-floating interest rate swaps
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate, stated percentage (as a percent)
 
 
4.50% 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gain (Loss) on Derivative Recognized in income
(1)
(10)
 
 
 
 
 
(1)
(10)
Gain (Loss) on Hedged Item Recognized in Income
$ 1 
$ 10 
 
 
 
 
 
$ 1 
$ 10 
Derivatives (Details 3) (Net Investment Hedges, USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Mar. 31, 2011
Net investment hedges
 
 
Pretax Gain (Loss) Recognized as Cumulative Translation within Other Comprehensive Income on Effective Portion of Instrument
$ (40)
$ (85)
Foreign Currency Denominated Debt
 
 
Net investment hedges
 
 
Pretax Gain (Loss) Recognized as Cumulative Translation within Other Comprehensive Income on Effective Portion of Instrument
$ (40)
$ (85)
Derivatives (Details 4) (USD $)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Mar. 31, 2011
Gains and losses related to derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments
 
 
Gain (Loss) on Derivative Recognized in income
$ 13,000,000 
$ 4,000,000 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
 
 
Gains and losses related to derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments
 
 
Gross notional amount of forward, option and swap contracts not designated as hedging instruments
1,100,000,000 
 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments |
Foreign currency forward/option contracts |
Cost of Sales
 
 
Gains and losses related to derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments
 
 
Gain (Loss) on Derivative Recognized in income
(15,000,000)
(12,000,000)
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments |
Foreign currency forward contracts |
Interest expense
 
 
Gains and losses related to derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments
 
 
Gain (Loss) on Derivative Recognized in income
27,000,000 
16,000,000 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments |
Commodity price swap contracts |
Cost of Sales
 
 
Gains and losses related to derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments
 
 
Gain (Loss) on Derivative Recognized in income
$ 1,000,000 
 
Derivatives (Details 5) (USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
CounterParties
Dec. 31, 2011
Location and Fair Value Amount of Derivative Instruments
 
 
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments, Assets
$ 79 
$ 135 
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments, Liabilities
54 
49 
Year-on-year currency effects impact on net income (loss), including hedging impact
(26)
 
Year-on-year derivative and other transaction gains and (losses) impact
(7)
 
Primary derivative counterparties
 
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments
 
 
Location and Fair Value Amount of Derivative Instruments
 
 
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments, Assets
61 
110 
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments, Liabilities
43 
41 
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments |
Foreign currency forward/option contracts |
Other current assets
 
 
Location and Fair Value Amount of Derivative Instruments
 
 
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments, Assets
34 
82 
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments |
Foreign currency forward/option contracts |
Other current liabilities
 
 
Location and Fair Value Amount of Derivative Instruments
 
 
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments, Liabilities
36 
34 
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments |
Commodity price swap contracts |
Other current liabilities
 
 
Location and Fair Value Amount of Derivative Instruments
 
 
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments, Liabilities
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments |
Interest rate swap contracts |
Other assets
 
 
Location and Fair Value Amount of Derivative Instruments
 
 
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments, Assets
27 
28 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
 
 
Location and Fair Value Amount of Derivative Instruments
 
 
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments, Assets
18 
25 
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments, Liabilities
11 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments |
Foreign currency forward/option contracts |
Other current assets
 
 
Location and Fair Value Amount of Derivative Instruments
 
 
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments, Assets
18 
25 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments |
Foreign currency forward/option contracts |
Other current liabilities
 
 
Location and Fair Value Amount of Derivative Instruments
 
 
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments, Liabilities
$ 11 
$ 8 
Fair Value Measurements (Details) (USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified
Mar. 31, 2012
Dec. 31, 2011
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
 
 
Derivative instruments - assets
$ 79 
$ 135 
Asset-backed securities:
 
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
 
 
Available-for-sale marketable securities
951 
 
Auction rate securities
 
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
 
 
Available-for-sale marketable securities
Fair value on a recurring basis |
Fair Value |
Foreign currency forward/option contracts
 
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
 
 
Derivative instruments - assets
52 
107 
Derivative instruments - liabilities
47 
42 
Fair value on a recurring basis |
Fair Value |
Commodity price swap contracts
 
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
 
 
Derivative instruments - liabilities
Fair value on a recurring basis |
Fair Value |
Interest rate swaps
 
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
 
 
Derivative instruments - assets
27 
28 
Fair value on a recurring basis |
Fair Value |
U.S. government agency securities
 
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
 
 
Available-for-sale marketable securities
362 
480 
Fair value on a recurring basis |
Fair Value |
Foreign government agency securities
 
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
 
 
Available-for-sale marketable securities
23 
Fair value on a recurring basis |
Fair Value |
Corporate debt securities
 
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
 
 
Available-for-sale marketable securities
635 
668 
Fair value on a recurring basis |
Fair Value |
Certificates of deposit/time deposits
 
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
 
 
Available-for-sale marketable securities
58 
49 
Fair value on a recurring basis |
Fair Value |
Commercial paper
 
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
 
 
Available-for-sale marketable securities
70 
30 
Fair value on a recurring basis |
Fair Value |
Asset-backed securities Automobile loan related
 
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
 
 
Available-for-sale marketable securities
583 
718 
Fair value on a recurring basis |
Fair Value |
Asset-backed securities Credit card related
 
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
 
 
Available-for-sale marketable securities
259 
268 
Fair value on a recurring basis |
Fair Value |
Asset-backed securities Equipment lease related
 
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
 
 
Available-for-sale marketable securities
103 
64 
Fair value on a recurring basis |
Fair Value |
Asset-backed securities Other asset-backed securities
 
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
 
 
Available-for-sale marketable securities
Fair value on a recurring basis |
Fair Value |
U.S. treasury securities
 
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
 
 
Available-for-sale marketable securities
59 
34 
Fair value on a recurring basis |
Fair Value |
U.S. municipal securities
 
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
 
 
Available-for-sale marketable securities
19 
14 
Fair value on a recurring basis |
Fair Value |
Auction rate securities
 
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
 
 
Available-for-sale marketable securities
Fair value on a recurring basis |
Fair Value |
Investments
 
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
 
 
Available-for-sale marketable securities
Fair value on a recurring basis |
Level 1 |
Foreign currency forward/option contracts
 
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
 
 
Derivative instruments - assets
47 
98 
Derivative instruments - liabilities
47 
42 
Fair value on a recurring basis |
Level 1 |
Commodity price swap contracts
 
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
 
 
Derivative instruments - liabilities
Fair value on a recurring basis |
Level 1 |
U.S. treasury securities
 
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
 
 
Available-for-sale marketable securities
59 
34 
Fair value on a recurring basis |
Level 1 |
Investments
 
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
 
 
Available-for-sale marketable securities
Fair value on a recurring basis |
Level 2 |
Foreign currency forward/option contracts
 
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
 
 
Derivative instruments - assets
Fair value on a recurring basis |
Level 2 |
Interest rate swaps
 
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
 
 
Derivative instruments - assets
27 
28 
Fair value on a recurring basis |
Level 2 |
U.S. government agency securities
 
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
 
 
Available-for-sale marketable securities
362 
480 
Fair value on a recurring basis |
Level 2 |
Foreign government agency securities
 
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
 
 
Available-for-sale marketable securities
23 
Fair value on a recurring basis |
Level 2 |
Corporate debt securities
 
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
 
 
Available-for-sale marketable securities
635 
668 
Fair value on a recurring basis |
Level 2 |
Certificates of deposit/time deposits
 
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
 
 
Available-for-sale marketable securities
58 
49 
Fair value on a recurring basis |
Level 2 |
Commercial paper
 
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
 
 
Available-for-sale marketable securities
70 
30 
Fair value on a recurring basis |
Level 2 |
Asset-backed securities Automobile loan related
 
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
 
 
Available-for-sale marketable securities
583 
718 
Fair value on a recurring basis |
Level 2 |
Asset-backed securities Credit card related
 
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
 
 
Available-for-sale marketable securities
259 
268 
Fair value on a recurring basis |
Level 2 |
Asset-backed securities Equipment lease related
 
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
 
 
Available-for-sale marketable securities
103 
64 
Fair value on a recurring basis |
Level 2 |
Asset-backed securities Other asset-backed securities
 
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
 
 
Available-for-sale marketable securities
Fair value on a recurring basis |
Level 2 |
U.S. municipal securities
 
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
 
 
Available-for-sale marketable securities
19 
14 
Fair value on a recurring basis |
Level 3 |
Auction rate securities
 
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
 
 
Available-for-sale marketable securities
$ 5 
$ 4 
Fair Value Measurements (Details 2) (USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Mar. 31, 2011
Dec. 31, 2010
Reconciliation of items measured at fair value on a recurring basis that used significant unobservable inputs (Level 3)
 
 
 
Balance at the beginning of the period
$ 4 
$ 7 
$ 7 
Total gains or losses included in other comprehensive income
 
 
Balance at the end of the period
$ 5 
$ 7 
$ 7 
Fair Value Measurements (Details 3) (USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified
Mar. 31, 2012
Dec. 31, 2011
Financial Instruments
 
 
Long-term debt (excluding current portion)
$ 4,510 
$ 4,484 
Carrying Amount
 
 
Financial Instruments
 
 
Long-term debt (excluding current portion)
4,510 
4,484 
Fair Value
 
 
Financial Instruments
 
 
Long-term debt (excluding current portion)
$ 4,942 
$ 5,002 
Commitments and Contingencies (Details) (USD $)
3 Months Ended 3 Months Ended 3 Months Ended 3 Months Ended 1 Months Ended 3 Months Ended 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Respirator Mask/Asbestos Litigation
Claim
Claimant
Dec. 31, 2011
Respirator Mask/Asbestos Litigation
Claimant
Mar. 31, 2012
Respirator Mask/Asbestos Litigation - State of West Virginia
Mar. 31, 2012
Respirator Mask/Asbestos litigation - Excluding Aearo Technologies
Mar. 31, 2012
Insurance Disclaimer Action
Insurer
Mar. 31, 2012
Respirator Mask/Asbestos Litigation - Aearo Technologies
Mar. 31, 2012
Environmental Matters - Remediation
Y
Dec. 31, 2011
Environmental Matters - Remediation
Mar. 31, 2012
Environmental Matters - Regulatory Activities
PFC
Y
Mar. 31, 2012
Environmental Matters - Regulatory Activities
Alabama
DisposalSite
Y
Mar. 31, 2012
Environmental Matters - Regulatory Activities
Minnesota
DisposalSite
Mar. 31, 2012
Environmental Matters - Litigation
Morgan County, Alabama
Claimant
Mar. 31, 2012
Environmental Matters - Litigation
Lake Elmo, Minnesota
Mar. 31, 2012
Environmental Matters - Litigation
Metropolitan Council, Minnesota
TreatmentPlant
Jun. 30, 2009
Environmental Matters - Litigation
New Jersey
DisposalSite
Defendant
Mar. 31, 2012
Environmental Matters - Other Environmental Liabilities
Y
Dec. 31, 2011
Environmental Matters - Other Environmental Liabilities
Mar. 31, 2012
Environmental Matters - Other Environmental Liabilities
Minnesota
DisposalSite
Loss contingencies
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accrued loss contingency reserve
$ 133,000,000 
$ 130,000,000 
 
 
 
$ 29,000,000 
$ 30,000,000 
$ 28,000,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$ 70,000,000 
$ 75,000,000 
 
Insurance receivables
124,000,000 
121,000,000 
 
 
15,000,000 
 
15,000,000 
15,000,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Number of individual claimants
2,200 
2,260 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Number of total claims settled and taken to trial
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Number of total claims tried to verdict
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Number of total claims settled and tried to verdict
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Number of total claims dismissed and being appealed
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Number of additional defendants
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liability for asbestos and environmental claims gross-excluding Aearo Inc.
 
 
 
104,000,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Number of insurers who filed a declaratory judgment action against the company
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Number of the entity's insurers named in the action, low end of range
 
 
 
 
60 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual fee paid to Cabot to retain responsibility and liability for products manufactured before July 11, 1995
 
 
 
 
 
400,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Number of PFCs the EPA has proposed to have public water suppliers monitor
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Number of years after phase-out decision in May 2000 that the Company stopped manufacturing and using vast majority of perfluorooctanyl compounds
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Number of landfills to be tested by the entity pursuant to a Memorandum of Understanding with the EPA
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Wastewater treatment plant sludge containing PFCs surrounding Decatur facility pursuant to a permit (in years)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
20 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Number of sites where remediation work will continue throughout 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total number of named plaintiffs, second purported class action
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Claim asserted for alleged contamination, low end
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
50,000 
50,000 
 
 
 
 
Number of wastewater treatment plants from which PFC-containing sludge and biosolids may be discharged, low end of range
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Lower end of range of number of companies served with a complaint
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
250 
 
 
 
Number of companies, in addition to Maxus Energy, Tierra Solutions and Occidental Chemical involved in an enforcement action
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total cost of clean-up proposed by the EPA, of which the Company believes its applicable share, if any, is likely to be a fraction of one percent
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,000,000,000 
 
 
 
Number of commercial waste disposal facilities used
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Number of years remediation payments expected to be paid for applicable sites, high end of range
 
 
 
 
 
 
20 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Number of former disposal sites with PFC present in soil and groundwater in Washington County Minnesota
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Increase in insurance liabilities
17,000,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Increase in insurance recovery receivable
3,000,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Litigation settlement awarded
 
 
 
 
$ 28,000,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The period over which the litigation settlement is to be paid
 
 
 
 
P2Y 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commitments and Contingencies (Details 2) (USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Claim
Commercial Litigation - Cogent Inc. Delaware Court of Chancery
 
Loss contingencies
 
Number of lawsuits filed
Number of Cogent, Inc. shares held by subsidiary shareholders that have asserted appraisal rights
5.8 
Commercial Litigation - Avery Dennison
 
Loss contingencies
 
Number of Avery patents for which 3M seeks a declaratory judgment
Total number of disputed terms ruled in favor of the company
16 
Total number of disputed terms
19 
Commercial Litigation - Meda AB
 
Loss contingencies
 
The estimated minimum amount the lawsuit seeks to recover
$ 200 
Commitments and Contingencies (Details 3)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Claim
Product Liability Litigation-EDF
 
Product liability litigation
 
Estimated time commercial court may take to render decision, low end of range
6 months 
Estimated time commercial court may take to render decision, high end of range
1 year 
Number of lawsuits filed
Product Liability - Filters
 
Product liability litigation
 
Number of customers who obtained an order in the French Courts against SAS 3M Purification
Number of customers who filed a lawsuit against 3M Deutshland GmbH
Number of other customers the Company has resolved claims with
Stock-Based Compensation (Details)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Y
Annual
 
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award Activity
 
Expiration of annual grants (in years)
10 
Retirement age eligibility for employees (in years)
55 
Retirement eligibility for employees, minimum years of service required (in years)
Percent of stock-based compensation related to retiree-eligible population
30.00% 
Vesting period, low end of range (in years)
Vesting period, high end of range (in years)
3M 2008 Long-Term Incentive Plan
 
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award Activity
 
Number of shares available for grant
12,022,073 
Stock-Based Compensation (Details 2) (USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Mar. 31, 2011
Amounts recognized in the financial statements
 
 
Stock-based compensation programs expense
$ 103 
$ 116 
Income tax benefits
(32)
(41)
Stock-based compensation expenses, net of tax
71 
75 
Cost of Sales
 
 
Amounts recognized in the financial statements
 
 
Stock-based compensation programs expense
12 
14 
Selling, general and administrative expenses
 
 
Amounts recognized in the financial statements
 
 
Stock-based compensation programs expense
78 
87 
Research, development and related expenses
 
 
Amounts recognized in the financial statements
 
 
Stock-based compensation programs expense
$ 13 
$ 15 
Stock-Based Compensation (Details 3) (USD $)
In Millions, except Share data, unless otherwise specified
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
M
Mar. 31, 2011
Stock Option Program
 
 
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life for options outstanding (in months)
58 
 
Aggregate Intrinsic Value for options outstanding
$ 704 
 
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life for options exercisable (in months)
48 
 
Aggregate Intrinsic Value for options exercisable
700 
 
Share- based compensation assumptions
 
 
Stock-based compensation programs expense
103 
116 
Stock Option Program
 
 
Stock Option Program
 
 
Balance at the beginning of the period
64,148,415 
 
Granted - Annual
5,770,190 
 
Granted - Progressive (Reload)
27,555 
 
Exercised
(2,818,401)
 
Canceled
(54,173)
 
Balance at the end of the period
67,073,586 
 
Weighted average exercise price - Beginning balance
$ 77.28 
 
Weighted average exercise price - Annual grants
$ 87.91 
 
Weighted average exercise price - Progressive (Reload)
$ 87.65 
 
Weighted average exercise price - Exercised
$ 63.68 
 
Weighted average exercise price - Canceled
$ 82.53 
 
Weighted average exercise price - Ending balance
$ 78.77 
 
Options exercisable
55,524,130 
 
Options exercisable, exercise price
$ 77.18 
 
Compensation expense yet to be recognized for stock options
98 
 
Weighted average life of remaining vesting period for stock options (in years)
2.1 
 
Total intrinsic value of stock options exercised
67 
135 
Cash received from options exercised
179 
355 
Tax benefit realized from exercise of stock options
$ 25 
$ 42 
Stock Option Program |
Annual
 
 
Share- based compensation assumptions
 
 
Weighted average exercise price
$ 87.89 
 
Risk-free interest rate (as a percent)
1.10% 
 
Dividend yield (as a percent)
2.60% 
 
Expected volatility (as a percent)
24.50% 
 
Expected life (in months)
74 
 
Black-Scholes fair value
$ 14.94 
 
Stock-Based Compensation (Details 4) (USD $)
In Millions, except Share data, unless otherwise specified
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Y
Mar. 31, 2011
Dec. 31, 2007
Y
Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units
 
 
 
Unit and Shares Activity:
 
 
 
Number of Awards - Nonvested - Beginning balance
4,858,972 
 
 
Number of Awards - Granted
968,522 
 
 
Number of Awards - Granted - Other
15,267 
 
 
Number of Awards - Vested
(1,763,719)
 
 
Number of Awards - Forfeited
(20,803)
 
 
Number of Awards - Nonvested - Ending balance
4,058,239 
 
 
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Additional Disclosures
 
 
 
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value - Nonvested - Beginning balance
$ 73.02 
 
 
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value - Annual
$ 87.92 
 
 
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value - Other
$ 86.92 
 
 
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value - Vested
$ 57.79 
 
 
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value - Forfeited
$ 77.82 
 
 
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value - Nonvested - Ending balance
$ 83.23 
 
 
Weighted average life for remaining vesting period of restricted stock and restricted stock units (in years)
2.3 
 
 
Vesting period, generally (in years)
 
 
Vesting period of "buyout" grant of restricted stock units (in years)
 
 
Fair value that vested
$ 102 
$ 14 
 
Compensation expense yet to be recognized
128 
 
 
Tax benefit realized from vesting
58 
 
Performance Shares
 
 
 
Unit and Shares Activity:
 
 
 
Number of Awards - Nonvested - Beginning balance
878,872 
 
 
Number of Awards - Granted
412,964 
 
 
Number of Awards - Performance change
78,166 
 
 
Number of Awards - Forfeited
(5,815)
 
 
Performance criteria, number of key factors
 
 
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Award Vesting Period
 
 
Number of shares to be delivered based on percent of each performance share granted upon satisfaction of performance conditions, minimum
0.00% 
 
 
Number of shares to be delivered based on percent of each performance share granted upon satisfaction of performance conditions, maximum
200.00% 
 
 
Vesting period, low end of range (in years)
 
 
Vesting period, high end of range (in years)
 
 
Number of Awards - Nonvested - Ending balance
1,364,187 
 
 
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Additional Disclosures
 
 
 
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value - Nonvested - Beginning balance
$ 78.55 
 
 
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value - Annual
$ 81.00 
 
 
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value - Performance change
$ 81.07 
 
 
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value - Forfeited
$ 79.03 
 
 
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value - Nonvested - Ending balance
$ 79.43 
 
 
Weighted average life for remaining vesting period (in years)
1.3 
 
 
Fair value that vested
 
18 
 
Compensation expense yet to be recognized
39 
 
 
Tax benefit realized from vesting
 
$ 5 
 
Business Segments (USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Segment
Mar. 31, 2011
Business Segments
 
 
Number of operating business segments
 
Business Segment Information
 
 
Net sales
$ 7,486 
$ 7,311 
Operating Income
1,634 
1,578 
Industrial and Transportation
 
 
Business Segment Information
 
 
Net sales
2,660 
2,450 
Operating Income
600 
516 
Health Care
 
 
Business Segment Information
 
 
Net sales
1,280 
1,255 
Operating Income
402 
369 
Consumer and Office
 
 
Business Segment Information
 
 
Net sales
1,043 
1,000 
Operating Income
234 
215 
Safety, Security and Protection Services
 
 
Business Segment Information
 
 
Net sales
981 
929 
Operating Income
231 
199 
Display and Graphics
 
 
Business Segment Information
 
 
Net sales
832 
943 
Operating Income
163 
230 
Electro and Communications
 
 
Business Segment Information
 
 
Net sales
808 
836 
Operating Income
168 
178 
Corporate and Unallocated
 
 
Business Segment Information
 
 
Net sales
Operating Income
(138)
(105)
Elimination of Dual Credit
 
 
Business Segment Information
 
 
Net sales
(119)
(107)
Operating Income
$ (26)
$ (24)