UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 8-K

CURRENT REPORT
Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): December 15, 2015 (December 10, 2015)

 

GREIF, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 
					
Delaware	 	001-00566	 	31-4388903	
(State or other jurisdiction
of incorporation)	 	(Commission
File Number)	 	(IRS Employer
Identification No.)	

425 Winter Road, Delaware, Ohio	 	43015	
(Address of principal executive offices)	 	(Zip Code)	
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (740) 549-6000
Not Applicable
(Former name or former address, if changed since last report.)

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions (see General Instruction A.2. below):
 
¨	Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)	
 
¨	Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)	
 
¨	Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))	
 
¨	Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))	

 

Section 2 – Financial Information
 
Item 2.02.	Results of Operations and Financial Condition.	
On December 10, 2015, Greif, Inc. (the “Company”) issued a press release (the “Earnings Release”) announcing the financial results for its fourth quarter ended October 31, 2015. The full text of the Earnings Release is attached as Exhibit 99.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K.
The Earnings Release included the following non-GAAP financial measures (the “non-GAAP Measures”):
 
 	(i)	percentage decrease in the Company’s consolidated net sales for the fourth quarter of 2015 compared to the fourth quarter of 2014, after adjusting for the impact of divestitures for both quarters and currency translation for the fourth quarter of 2015, which is equal to (a) the Company’s consolidated net sales for the fourth quarter of 2015 minus the Company’s consolidated net sales for the fourth quarter of 2014, after adjusting each quarter for divestitures occurring during fiscal years 2015 and 2014 and after adjusting the fourth quarter of 2015 for currency translation applicable to such quarter, divided by (b) the Company’s consolidated net sales for the fourth quarter of 2014 after adjusting such quarter for divestitures occurring during fiscal years 2015 and 2014;	
 
 	(ii)	earnings per diluted class A share of the Company before special items for the fourth quarter of 2015 and the fourth quarter of 2014, which is equal to earnings per diluted class A share on the Company for the applicable quarter plus restructuring charges, plus acquisition-related costs plus non-cash asset impairment charges and less gains or plus losses, as applicable, on disposal of properties, plants, equipment and businesses, net of tax, each on a consolidated basis for the applicable quarter;	
 
 	(iii)	net sales excluding the impact of divestitures for each of the Company’s business segments (other than the Land Management segment) for the fourth quarter of 2015 and the fourth quarter of 2014, which is equal to that business segment’s net sales for the applicable quarter as adjusted for divestitures occurring during fiscal years 2015 and 2014 as applicable to that business segment; and	
 
 	(iv)	operating profit before special items and excluding the impact of divestitures for the Company’s Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services business segment for the fourth quarter of 2015 and the fourth quarter of 2014, which is equal to that business segment’s operating profit plus that business segment’s restructuring charges, plus the business segment’s non-cash asset impairment charges, plus acquisition-related costs, plus losses on disposal of properties, plants, equipment, and businesses, net, and as further adjusted for divestitures occurring during fiscal years 2015 and 2014 as applicable to that business segment.	
 
 	(v)	operating loss before special items for the Company’s Flexible Products & Services business segment for the fourth quarter of 2015 and the fourth quarter of 2014, which is equal to that business segment’s operating loss plus the business segment’s restructuring charges, plus that business segment’s non-cash asset impairment charges, plus losses on disposal of properties, plants, equipment, and businesses, net, occurring during fiscal years 2015 and 2014 as applicable to the business segment.	
Management of the Company uses the non-GAAP Measures to evaluate ongoing operations and believes that these non-GAAP Measures are useful to enable investors to perform meaningful comparisons of current and historical performance of the Company. Management of the Company also believes that the non-GAAP Measures provide a more stable platform on which to compare the historical performance of the Company than the most nearly equivalent GAAP data.

Section 7 – Regulation FD
 
Item 7.01.	Regulation FD Disclosure.	
On December 10, 2015, the Company released recorded remarks of management, made available on the Company’s website at www.greif.com/investors , regarding the Company’s financial results for its fourth quarter ended October 31, 2015. The file transcript of management’s recorded remarks is attached as Exhibit 99.2 to this Current Report on Form 8-K.
On December 11, 2015, management of the Company held a conference call with interested investors and financial analysts (the “Conference Call”) to discuss the Company’s financial results for its fourth quarter ended October 31, 2015. The file transcript of the Conference Call is attached as Exhibit 99.3 to this Current Report on Form 8-K.

Section 9 – Financial Statements and Exhibits
 
Item 9.01.	Financial Statements and Exhibits.	
 
(d)	Exhibits.	

Exhibit
No.	  	Description	
		
99.1	  	Press release issued by Greif, Inc. on December 10, 2015 announcing the financial results for its fourth quarter ended October 31, 2015.	
		
99.2	  	File transcript of recorded remarks of management of Greif, Inc., made available on the Company’s website at www.greif.com/investors on December 10, 2015, regarding the financial results for its fourth quarter ended October 31, 2015.	
		
99.2	  	File transcript of conference call held by management of Greif, Inc. on December 11, 2015.	

SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

	 		 	GREIF, INC.	
				
Date: December 15, 2015	 		 	By	 	/s/ Lawrence A. Hilsheimer	
	 		 		 	Lawrence A. Hilsheimer,
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer	

EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit
No.	  	Description	
		
99.1	  	Press release issued by Greif, Inc. on December 10, 2015 announcing the financial results for its fourth quarter ended October 31, 2015.	
		
99.2	  	File transcript of recorded remarks of management of Greif, Inc., made available on the company’s website at www.greif.com/investors on December 10, 2015, regarding the financial results for its fourth quarter ended October 31, 2015.	
		
99.3	  	File transcript of conference call held by management of Greif, Inc. on December 11, 2015.	

Exhibit 99.1

Contacts

Analyst:	  	Matt Eichmann	  	Media:	  	Scott Griffin	
	  	740-549-6067	  		  	740-657-6516	
Greif Reports Fourth Quarter 2015 Results
DELAWARE, Ohio (December 10, 2015) – Greif, Inc. (NYSE: GEF, GEF.B), a world leader in industrial packaging products and services, today reported fourth quarter 2015 net income attributable to the corporation totaling $12.4 million or $0.21 per diluted Class A share on sales of $868.5 million compared with net income of $8.7 million or $0.15 per diluted Class A share on sales of $1,048.1 million in the fourth quarter of 2014. After adjusting for the effect of divestitures for both quarters and currency translation for the fourth quarter 2015 1 , sales were 2.0 percent lower for the quarter when compared to the fourth quarter of 2014. The reduction was due to lower volumes and decreases in steel costs that are passed through to customers, partially offset by the impact of discrete strategic pricing actions. Excluding the impact of special items 2 , earnings were $0.76 per diluted Class A share for the fourth quarter of 2015 compared to $0.60 per diluted Class A share for the fourth quarter of 2014. The improvement was due primarily to reductions in SG&A expenses related to our transformation initiatives and the reduction in full year tax expense related to the realization of benefits from the implementation of discrete tax planning strategies and the adjustment of recorded tax liabilities.
Pete Watson, President and Chief Executive Officer, stated “We continue to demonstrate the discipline needed to achieve our transformation goals despite challenging market conditions. As we move forward, we will continue to leverage all aspects of the Greif Business System. While progress is being made, much work remains. I am confident we are on the right path to achieve our transformation commitments, improve earnings, increase cash flow and deliver value to our shareholders.”
Segment Results
Net sales are impacted primarily by the volume of products sold, selling prices, product mix and the impact of changes in foreign currencies against the U.S. Dollar. The table below shows the percentage impact of each on our change in net sales, excluding divestitures, from the three months that ended on October 31, 2014 to the three months that ended on October 31, 2015, for the business segments with manufacturing operations.

Net Sales Impact - Excluding Divestitures:	  	Rigid Industrial
Packaging & Services	 	 	Paper Packaging	 	 	Flexible Products
& Services	 	
Currency Translation	  	 	(14.0	%) 	 	 	—  	  	 	 	(12.4	%) 	
Volume	  	 	(3.8	%) 	 	 	2.8	% 	 	 	(11.7	%) 	
Selling Prices and Product Mix	  	 	0.9	% 	 	 	(3.5	%) 	 	 	6.2	% 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
	  	 	(16.9	%) 	 	 	(0.7	%) 	 	 	(17.9	%) 	

1	A summary of the adjustments for the impact of divestitures and currency translation is set forth in the GAAP to Non-GAAP Reconciliation Net Sales to Net Sales Excluding the Impact of Divestitures and Currency Translation in the financial schedules that are part of this release	
2	A summary of all special items that are included in the earnings per diluted Class A share before special items and operating profit before special items is set forth in the Selected Financial Highlights table following the Company Outlook in this release	
Note: A reconciliation of the differences between all non-GAAP financial measures used in this release with the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures is included in the financial schedules that are a part of this release.

Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services
Net sales decreased 20.1 percent to $601.1 million for the fourth quarter of 2015 compared with $752.7 million for the fourth quarter of 2014. Excluding the impact of divestitures 3 , net sales decreased 16.9 percent for the fourth quarter of 2015 compared with the fourth quarter of 2014.
Operating profit was $10.9 million for the fourth quarter of 2015 compared to $46.7 million for the fourth quarter of 2014. The decrease was primarily attributable to the same factors impacting net sales and higher restructuring and non-cash asset impairment charges, partially offset by improvements in SG&A expenses. Operating profit before special items and excluding the impact of divestitures was $42.3 million for the fourth quarter of 2015 versus $58.6 million for the fourth quarter of 2014.
Paper Packaging
Net sales decreased 3.6 percent to $179.8 million for the fourth quarter of 2015 compared with $186.6 million for the fourth quarter of 2014. Excluding the impact of divestitures, net sales decreased 0.7 percent to $179.8 million for the fourth quarter of 2015 compared with $181.1 million for the fourth quarter of 2014 due primarily to the annual maintenance shutdown at our Massillon, OH mill that occurred during the fourth quarter of 2015 as opposed to the third quarter in 2014.
Operating profit was $32.6 million for the fourth quarter of 2015 compared with $41.4 million for the fourth quarter of 2014. The decrease was primarily due to the same factors impacting net sales, price decreases driven by a reduction in the published index prices for medium containerboard and a reduction in gain on sale of businesses of $3.7 million.
Flexible Products & Services
Net sales decreased 26.7 percent to $73.3 million for the fourth quarter of 2015 compared with $100.0 million for the fourth quarter of 2014. Excluding the impact of divestitures, net sales decreased 17.9 percent to $73.3 million for the fourth quarter of 2015 compared with $89.3 million for the fourth quarter of 2014.
Operating loss was $12.8 million for the fourth quarter of 2015 versus an operating loss of $56.2 million for the fourth quarter of 2014. Operating loss before special items totaled $5.3 million for the fourth quarter of 2015 versus $6.4 million for the fourth quarter of 2014. The decrease in operating loss before special items was primarily due to a reduction in SG&A expenses and production costs as a result of transformation efforts in the segment, partially offset by higher costs of the move to an in-house labor force in Turkey, which was prompted by changes in the local regulatory environment.
Land Management
Net sales increased 62.5 percent to $14.3 million for the fourth quarter of 2015 compared with $8.8 million for the fourth quarter of 2014. The increase in net sales was due to the sale of the remaining 5,200 acres of development properties in Canada during the fourth quarter of 2015.
Operating profit was $1.4 million for the fourth quarter of 2015 compared with $5.6 million for the fourth quarter of 2014. The decrease in operating profit was primarily due to a reduction in gains on sale of property, plant and equipment of $2.6 million as no core timberland property was sold in the three months ended October 31, 2015.
Dividends
On December 8, 2015, the Board of Directors declared quarterly cash dividends of $0.42 per share of Class A Common Stock and $0.62 per share of Class B Common Stock. Dividends are payable on January 1, 2016, to stockholders of record at the close of business on December 21, 2015.

3  	A summary of all adjustments by business segment related to the impact of divestitures and special items that are excluded from net sales, gross profit and operating profit is set forth in the GAAP to Non-GAAP Reconciliation Selected Financial Information Excluding the Impact of Divestitures in the financial schedules that are part of this release	

Company Outlook
In fiscal year 2016, the company’s results are expected to benefit from further execution of our transformation efforts. These improvements are expected to be achieved despite the continuation of a sluggish global industrial economy and continued strengthening of the U.S. dollar relative to other currencies adversely impacting our results. We anticipate that our fiscal year 2016 Class A earnings per share will be between $2.05 - $2.35 per share, excluding gains and losses on the sales of businesses, timberland and property, plant and equipment, acquisition costs and restructuring and impairment charges.

GREIF, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
SELECTED FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
UNAUDITED
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)

 	  	Three months ended	 	 	Twelve months ended	 	
 	  	October 31	 	 	October 31	 	
 	  	2015	 	 	2014	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
Selected Financial Highlights	  				 				 				 				
Net sales	  	$	868.5	  	 	$	1,048.1	  	 	$	3,616.7	  	 	$	4,239.1	  	
Operating profit	  	 	32.1	  	 	 	37.5	  	 	 	192.8	  	 	 	249.3	  	
Operating profit before special items	  	 	72.0	  	 	 	89.7	  	 	 	266.2	  	 	 	315.9	  	
EBITDA	  	 	63.6	  	 	 	73.0	  	 	 	324.2	  	 	 	395.6	  	
EBITDA before special items	  	 	103.5	  	 	 	125.2	  	 	 	392.7	  	 	 	462.2	  	
Cash provided by operating activities	  	 	132.9	  	 	 	145.0	  	 	 	206.3	  	 	 	261.8	  	
Net income attributable to Greif, Inc.	  	 	12.4	  	 	 	8.7	  	 	 	71.9	  	 	 	91.5	  	
Diluted Class A earnings per share attributable to Greif, Inc.	  	$	0.21	  	 	$	0.15	  	 	$	1.23	  	 	$	1.56	  	
Diluted Class A earnings per share attributable to Greif, Inc. before special items	  	$	0.76	  	 	$	0.60	  	 	$	2.18	  	 	$	2.23	  	
					
Special items	  				 				 				 				
Restructuring charges	  	$	(13.3	) 	 	$	(5.6	) 	 	$	(40.0	) 	 	$	(16.1	) 	
Acquisition-related costs	  	 	—  	  	 	 	(0.4	) 	 	 	(0.3	) 	 	 	(1.6	) 	
Timberland gains	  	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	24.3	  	 	 	17.1	  	
Non-cash asset impairment charges	  	 	(23.6	) 	 	 	(70.2	) 	 	 	(45.9	) 	 	 	(85.8	) 	
Gain (loss) on disposal of PPE and businesses, net	  	 	(3.0	) 	 	 	24.0	  	 	 	(2.2	) 	 	 	19.8	  	
Impact of Venezuela devaluation on cost of products sold	  	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	(9.3	) 	 	 	—  	  	
Impact of Venezuela devaluation on other income/expense	  	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	4.9	  	 	 	—  	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total special items	  	 	(39.9	) 	 	 	(52.2	) 	 	 	(68.5	) 	 	 	(66.6	) 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total special items, net of tax and noncontrolling interest	  	 	(32.3	) 	 	 	(27.1	) 	 	 	(55.8	) 	 	 	(39.8	) 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Impact of total special items, net of tax, on diluted Class A earnings per share attributable to Greif, Inc.	  	$	(0.55	) 	 	$	(0.45	) 	 	$	(0.95	) 	 	$	(0.67	) 	

									
 	  	October 31, 2015	 	  	October 31, 2014	 	
Working capital 4	  	$	369.5	  	  	$	287.7	  	
Net working capital 4	  	 	263.3	  	  	 	202.6	  	
Operating working capital 5	  	 	345.4	  	  	 	411.3	  	
Long-term debt	  	 	1,124.2	  	  	 	1,087.4	  	
Net debt 6	  	 	1,081.4	  	  	 	1,068.0	  	

 	  	Three months ended October 31, 2015	 	
 	  	2015	 	  	Impact of
Divestitures	 	  	Excluding the
Impact of
Divestitures
2015	 	
Net Sales	  	$	868.5	  	  	$	—  	  	  	$	868.5	  	
Gross Profit	  	 	168.0	  	  	 	—  	  	  	 	168.0	  	
Operating Profit	  	 	32.1	  	  	 	(0.5	) 	  	 	32.6	  	
Operating Profit before special items :	  	 	72.0	  	  	 	0.2	  	  	 	71.8	  	

 	  	Three months ended October 31, 2014	 	
 	  	2014	 	  	Impact of
Divestitures	 	  	Excluding the
Impact of
Divestitures
2014	 	
Net Sales	  	$	1,048.1	  	  	$	45.5	  	  	$	1,002.6	  	
Gross Profit	  	 	202.9	  	  	 	4.2	  	  	 	198.7	  	
Operating Profit	  	 	37.5	  	  	 	17.9	  	  	 	19.6	  	
Operating Profit before special items :	  	 	89.7	  	  	 	(1.4	) 	  	 	91.1	  	

													
 	  	Three months ended October 31,	 	
 	  	Excluding the
Impact of
Divestitures	 	  	Impact of
Currency
Translation	 	  	Excluding the
Impact of
Divestitures
and Currency
Translation	 	
Net Sales - 2015	  	 	868.5	  	  	 	(113.7	) 	  	 	982.2	  	
Net Sales - 2014	  	 	1,002.6	  	  	 	N/A	  	  	 	1,002.6	  	

4	Working capital represents current assets less current liabilities. Net working capital represents working capital less cash and cash equivalents.	
5	Operating working capital represents trade accounts receivable plus inventories less accounts payable.	
6	Net debt represents long-term debt plus the current portion of long-term debt plus short-term borrowings less cash and cash equivalents.	

Conference Call
The company will host a conference call to discuss the fourth quarter of 2015 results on December 11, 2015, at 10 a.m. Eastern Time (ET). To participate, domestic callers should call 877-485-3107 and ask for the Greif conference call. The number for international callers is +1 201-689-8427. Phone lines will open at 9:50 a.m. ET. The conference call will also be available through a live webcast, including slides, which can be accessed at www.greif.com in the Investor Center/Conference Calls. A replay of the conference call will be available on the company’s website approximately one hour following the call.
The company encourages interested investors, analysts and portfolio managers to submit questions in advance of the conference call regarding Greif’s quarterly performance to investors@Greif.com. Questions will be accepted until Thursday, December 10 at 5:00 p.m. ET. The company will address both previously submitted questions and questions asked during the call.
About Greif
Greif is a world leader in industrial packaging products and services. The company produces steel, plastic, fibre, flexible and corrugated containers and containerboard, and provides reconditioning, blending, filling and packaging services for a wide range of industries. Greif also manages timber properties in North America. The company is strategically positioned in more than 50 countries to serve global as well as regional customers. Additional information is on the company’s website at www.greif.com.
Forward-Looking Statements
This release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The words “may,” “will,” “expect,” “intend,” “estimate,” “anticipate,” “aspiration,” “objective,” “project,” “believe,” “continue,” “on track” or “target” or the negative thereof and similar expressions, among others, identify forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements are based on assumptions, expectations and other information currently available to management. Such forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause the company’s actual results to differ materially from those forecasted, projected or anticipated, whether expressed or implied. The most significant of these risks and uncertainties are described in Part I of the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended Oct. 31, 2014. The company undertakes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements.
Although the Company believes that the expectations reflected in forward-looking statements have a reasonable basis, the Company can give no assurance that these expectations will prove to be correct. Forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause the Company’s actual results to differ materially from those forecasted, projected or anticipated, whether expressed in or implied by the statements. Such risks and uncertainties that might cause a difference include, but are not limited to, the following: (i) historically, our business has been sensitive to changes in general economic or business conditions, (ii) our operations subject us to currency exchange and political risks that could adversely affect our results of operations, (iii) the current and future challenging global economy and disruption and volatility of the financial and credit markets may adversely affect our business, (iv) the continuing consolidation of our customer base and suppliers may intensify pricing pressure, (v) we operate in highly competitive industries, (vi) our business is sensitive to changes in industry demands, (vii) raw material and energy price fluctuations and shortages may adversely impact our manufacturing operations and costs, (viii) we may encounter difficulties arising from acquisitions, (ix) we may incur additional restructuring costs and there is no guarantee that our efforts to reduce costs will be successful, (x) tax legislation initiatives or challenges to our tax positions may adversely impact our results or condition, (xi) full realization of our deferred tax assets may be affected by a number of factors, (xii) several operations are conducted by joint ventures that we cannot operate solely for our benefit, (xiii) our ability to attract, develop and retain talented and qualified employees, managers and executives is critical to our success, (xiv) our business may be adversely impacted by work stoppages and other labor relations matters, (xv) we may be subject to losses that might not be covered in whole or in part by existing insurance reserves or insurance coverage, (xvi) our business depends on the uninterrupted operations of our facilities, systems and business functions, including our information technology and other business systems, (xvii) a security breach of customer, employee, supplier or company information may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations, (xviii) legislation/regulation related to environmental and health and safety matters and corporate social responsibility could negatively impact our operations and financial performance, (xix) product liability claims and other legal proceedings could adversely affect our operations and financial performance, (xx)

we may incur fines or penalties, damage to our reputation or other adverse consequences if our employees, agents or business partners violate, or are alleged to have violated, anti-bribery, competition or other laws, (xxi) changing climate, climate change regulations and greenhouse gas effects may adversely affect our operations and financial performance, (xxii) the frequency and volume of our timber and timberland sales will impact our financial performance, (xxiii) changes in U.S. generally accepted accounting principles and SEC rules and regulations could materially impact our reported results, (xxiv) if the company fails to maintain an effective system of internal control, the company may not be able to accurately report financial results or prevent fraud, and (xxv) the company has a significant amount of goodwill, and if impaired in the future, would adversely impact our results of operations. Changes in business results may impact our book tax rates. The risks described above are not all-inclusive, and given these and other possible risks and uncertainties, investors should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements as a prediction of actual results. For a detailed discussion of the most significant risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those forecasted, projected or anticipated, see “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A of our most recently filed Form 10-K and our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. All forward-looking statements made in this news release are expressly qualified in their entirety by reference to such risk factors. Except to the limited extent required by applicable law, we undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

GREIF, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
UNAUDITED
(Dollars and shares in millions, except per share amounts)

 	  	Three months ended	 	 	Twelve months ended	 	
 	  	October 31	 	 	October 31	 	
 	  	2015	 	  	2014	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
					
Net sales	  	$	868.5	  	  	$	1,048.1	  	 	$	3,616.7	  	 	$	4,239.1	  	
Cost of products sold	  	 	700.5	  	  	 	845.2	  	 	 	2,946.9	  	 	 	3,428.1	  	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Gross profit	  	 	168.0	  	  	 	202.9	  	 	 	669.8	  	 	 	811.0	  	
					
Selling, general and administrative expenses	  	 	96.0	  	  	 	113.6	  	 	 	413.2	  	 	 	496.7	  	
Restructuring charges	  	 	13.3	  	  	 	5.6	  	 	 	40.0	  	 	 	16.1	  	
Timberland gains	  	 	—  	  	  	 	—  	  	 	 	(24.3	) 	 	 	(17.1	) 	
Non-cash asset impairment charges	  	 	23.6	  	  	 	70.2	  	 	 	45.9	  	 	 	85.8	  	
(Gain) on disposal of properties, plants and equipment, net	  	 	2.3	  	  	 	(2.8	) 	 	 	(7.0	) 	 	 	(8.3	) 	
(Gain) loss on disposal of businesses	  	 	0.7	  	  	 	(21.2	) 	 	 	9.2	  	 	 	(11.5	) 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Operating profit	  	 	32.1	  	  	 	37.5	  	 	 	192.8	  	 	 	249.3	  	
					
Interest expense, net	  	 	18.6	  	  	 	20.3	  	 	 	74.8	  	 	 	81.8	  	
Other expense, net	  	 	2.2	  	  	 	2.9	  	 	 	3.2	  	 	 	9.5	  	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Income before income tax expense and equity earnings of unconsolidated affiliates, net	  	 	11.3	  	  	 	14.3	  	 	 	114.8	  	 	 	158.0	  	
Income tax expense	  	 	2.6	  	  	 	50.8	  	 	 	48.4	  	 	 	115.0	  	
Equity earnings of unconsolidated affiliates, net of tax	  	 	0.5	  	  	 	1.0	  	 	 	0.8	  	 	 	1.9	  	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net income (loss)	  	 	9.2	  	  	 	(35.5	) 	 	 	67.2	  	 	 	44.9	  	
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests	  	 	3.2	  	  	 	44.2	  	 	 	4.7	  	 	 	46.6	  	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net income attributable to Greif, Inc.	  	$	12.4	  	  	$	8.7	  	 	$	71.9	  	 	$	91.5	  	

Basic earnings per share attributable to Greif, Inc. common shareholders:	  				  				 				 				
Class A Common Stock	  	$	0.21	  	  	$	0.15	  	 	$	1.23	  	 	$	1.56	  	
Class B Common Stock	  	$	0.32	  	  	$	0.22	  	 	$	1.83	  	 	$	2.33	  	
					
Diluted earnings per share attributable to Greif, Inc. common shareholders:	  				  				 				 				
Class A Common Stock	  	$	0.21	  	  	$	0.15	  	 	$	1.23	  	 	$	1.56	  	
Class B Common Stock	  	$	0.32	  	  	$	0.22	  	 	$	1.83	  	 	$	2.33	  	
					
Shares used to calculate basic earnings per share attributable to Greif, Inc. common shareholders:	  				  				 				 				
Class A Common Stock	  	 	25.7	  	  	 	25.5	  	 	 	25.7	  	 	 	25.5	  	
Class B Common Stock	  	 	22.1	  	  	 	22.1	  	 	 	22.1	  	 	 	22.1	  	
					
Shares used to calculate diluted earnings per share attributable to Greif, Inc. common shareholders:	  				  				 				 				
Class A Common Stock	  	 	25.7	  	  	 	25.5	  	 	 	25.7	  	 	 	25.5	  	
Class B Common Stock	  	 	22.1	  	  	 	22.1	  	 	 	22.1	  	 	 	22.1	  	

GREIF, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
UNAUDITED
(Dollars in millions)

 	  	October 31,
2015	 	  	October 31,
2014	 	
			
ASSETS	  				  				
			
CURRENT ASSETS	  				  				
Cash and cash equivalents	  	 	106.2	  	  	$	85.1	  	
Trade accounts receivable	  	 	403.7	  	  	 	501.3	  	
Inventories	  	 	297.0	  	  	 	381.1	  	
Other current assets	  	 	201.6	  	  	 	171.9	  	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
	  	 	1,008.5	  	  	 	1,139.4	  	

LONG-TERM ASSETS	  				  				
Goodwill	  	 	807.1	  	  	 	880.2	  	
Intangible assets	  	 	132.7	  	  	 	166.5	  	
Assets held by special purpose entities	  	 	50.9	  	  	 	50.9	  	
Other long-term assets	  	 	98.8	  	  	 	122.1	  	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
	  	 	1,089.5	  	  	 	1,219.7	  	

PROPERTIES, PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT	  	 	1,217.7	  	  	 	1,308.3	  	

	  	$	3,315.7	  	  	$	3,667.4	  	

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY	  				  				
			
CURRENT LIABILITIES	  				  				
Accounts payable	  	$	355.3	  	  	$	471.1	  	
Short-term borrowings	  	 	40.7	  	  	 	48.1	  	
Current portion of long-term debt	  	 	22.7	  	  	 	17.6	  	
Other current liabilities	  	 	220.3	  	  	 	314.9	  	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
	  	 	639.0	  	  	 	851.7	  	

LONG-TERM LIABILITIES	  				  				
Long-term debt	  	 	1,124.2	  	  	 	1,087.4	  	
Liabilities held by special purpose entities	  	 	43.3	  	  	 	43.3	  	
Other long-term liabilities	  	 	449.3	  	  	 	461.8	  	

	  	 	1,616.8	  	  	 	1,592.5	  	

TOTAL EQUITY	  	 	1,059.9	  	  	 	1,223.2	  	

	  	$	3,315.7	  	  	$	3,667.4	  	

GREIF, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(UNAUDITED)
(Dollars in millions)

 	  	Three months ended
October 31	 	 	Twelve months ended
October 31	 	
	  	2015	 	 	2014	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:	  				 				 				 				
Net income	  	$	9.2	  	 	$	(35.5	) 	 	$	67.2	  	 	$	44.9	  	
Depreciation, depletion and amortization	  	 	33.7	  	 	 	38.4	  	 	 	134.6	  	 	 	155.8	  	
Asset impairments	  	 	23.6	  	 	 	70.2	  	 	 	45.9	  	 	 	85.8	  	
Impact of Venezuela devaluation on other income/expense	  	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	(4.9	) 	 	 	—  	  	
Impact of Venezuela devaluation on cost of products sold	  	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	9.3	  	 	 	—  	  	
Other non-cash adjustments to net income	  	 	2.4	  	 	 	(9.8	) 	 	 	(30.2	) 	 	 	(29.5	) 	
Operating working capital changes	  	 	81.6	  	 	 	76.5	  	 	 	21.8	  	 	 	(5.1	) 	
Deferred purchase price on sold receivables	  	 	5.1	  	 	 	5.2	  	 	 	(5.7	) 	 	 	11.5	  	
Increase (decrease) in cash from changes in certain assets and liabilities and other	  	 	(22.7	) 	 	 	—  	  	 	 	(31.7	) 	 	 	(1.6	) 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net cash provided by operating activities	  	 	132.9	  	 	 	145.0	  	 	 	206.3	  	 	 	261.8	  	

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:	  				 				 				 				
Acquisitions of companies, net of cash acquired	  	 	(0.1	) 	 	 	—  	  	 	 	(1.6	) 	 	 	(53.5	) 	
Issuance of subordinated note receivable	  	 	(44.2	) 	 	 	—  	  	 	 	(44.2	) 	 	 	—  	  	
Purchases of properties, plants and equipment	  	 	(27.6	) 	 	 	(43.9	) 	 	 	(135.8	) 	 	 	(137.9	) 	
Purchases of timber properties	  	 	(0.2	) 	 	 	(1.1	) 	 	 	(38.4	) 	 	 	(56.8	) 	
					
Proceeds from the sale of PPE, businesses, timberland and other assets	  	 	3.2	  	 	 	94.7	  	 	 	68.9	  	 	 	164.9	  	
Payments on notes receivable with related party, net	  	 	—  	  	 	 	13.0	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	14.3	  	
Proceeds on insurance recoveries	  	 	1.2	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	4.6	  	 	 	—  	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net cash used in investing activities	  	 	(67.7	) 	 	 	62.7	  	 	 	(146.5	) 	 	 	(69.0	) 	

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:	  				 				 				 				
Proceeds from (payments on) debt, net	  	 	(38.8	) 	 	 	(157.7	) 	 	 	82.4	  	 	 	(88.3	) 	
Dividends paid to Greif, Inc. shareholders	  	 	(24.7	) 	 	 	(24.8	) 	 	 	(98.7	) 	 	 	(98.6	) 	
Other	  	 	—  	  	 	 	(1.2	) 	 	 	(3.8	) 	 	 	6.4	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	  	 	(63.5	) 	 	 	(183.7	) 	 	 	(20.1	) 	 	 	(180.5	) 	

Effects of exchange rates on cash	  	 	2.8	  	 	 	(3.9	) 	 	 	(18.6	) 	 	 	(5.3	) 	
					
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	  	 	4.5	  	 	 	20.1	  	 	 	21.1	  	 	 	7.0	  	
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the period	  	 	101.7	  	 	 	65.0	  	 	 	85.1	  	 	 	78.1	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Cash and cash equivalents at end of the period	  	$	106.2	  	 	$	85.1	  	 	$	106.2	  	 	$	85.1	  	

GREIF, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS BY SEGMENT
UNAUDITED
(Dollars in millions)

 	  	Three months ended
October 31	 	 	Twelve months ended
October 31	 	
	  	2015	 	 	2014	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
					
Net sales:	  				 				 				 				
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	  	$	601.1	  	 	$	752.7	  	 	$	2,586.4	  	 	$	3,077.0	  	
Paper Packaging	  	 	179.8	  	 	 	186.6	  	 	 	676.1	  	 	 	706.8	  	
Flexible Products & Services	  	 	73.3	  	 	 	100.0	  	 	 	322.6	  	 	 	425.8	  	
Land Management	  	 	14.3	  	 	 	8.8	  	 	 	31.6	  	 	 	29.5	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total net sales	  	$	868.5	  	 	$	1,048.1	  	 	$	3,616.7	  	 	$	4,239.1	  	

Operating profit (loss):	  				 				 				 				
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	  	$	10.9	  	 	$	46.7	  	 	$	86.4	  	 	$	170.1	  	
Paper Packaging	  	 	32.6	  	 	 	41.4	  	 	 	109.3	  	 	 	125.8	  	
Flexible Products & Services	  	 	(12.8	) 	 	 	(56.2	) 	 	 	(36.6	) 	 	 	(78.6	) 	
Land Management	  	 	1.4	  	 	 	5.6	  	 	 	33.7	  	 	 	32.0	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total operating profit	  	$	32.1	  	 	$	37.5	  	 	$	192.8	  	 	$	249.3	  	

EBITDA 7 :	  				 				 				 				
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	  	$	33.9	  	 	$	71.2	  	 	$	179.1	  	 	$	271.7	  	
Paper Packaging	  	 	39.8	  	 	 	48.6	  	 	 	138.4	  	 	 	155.6	  	
Flexible Products & Services	  	 	(12.2	) 	 	 	(53.7	) 	 	 	(30.3	) 	 	 	(68.0	) 	
Land Management	  	 	2.1	  	 	 	6.9	  	 	 	37.0	  	 	 	36.3	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total EBITDA	  	$	63.6	  	 	$	73.0	  	 	$	324.2	  	 	$	395.6	  	

7  	EBITDA is defined as net income, plus interest expense, net, plus income tax expense, less equity earnings of unconsolidated affiliates, net of tax, plus depreciation, depletion and amortization. However, because the company does not calculate net income by segment, this table calculates EBITDA by segment with reference to operating profit (loss) by segment, which, as demonstrated in the table of Consolidated EBITDA, is another method to achieve the same result. See the reconciliations in the table of Segment EBITDA.	

GREIF, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
GAAP TO NON-GAAP RECONCILIATION
NET WORKING CAPITAL, OPERATING WORKING CAPITAL AND NET DEBT
UNAUDITED
(Dollars in millions)

 	  	October 31, 2015	 	  	October 31, 2014	 	
			
Current assets	  	$	1,008.5	  	  	$	1,139.4	  	
Less: current liabilities	  	 	639.0	  	  	 	851.7	  	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Working capital	  	 	369.5	  	  	 	287.7	  	
Less: cash and cash equivalents	  	 	106.2	  	  	 	85.1	  	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Net working capital	  	$	263.3	  	  	$	202.6	  	

Trade accounts receivable	  	$	403.7	  	  	$	501.3	  	
Plus: inventories	  	 	297.0	  	  	 	381.1	  	
Less: accounts payable	  	 	355.3	  	  	 	471.1	  	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Operating working capital	  	$	345.4	  	  	$	411.3	  	

Long-term debt	  	$	1,124.2	  	  	$	1,087.4	  	
Plus: current portion of long-term debt	  	 	22.7	  	  	 	17.6	  	
Plus: short-term borrowings	  	 	40.7	  	  	 	48.1	  	
Less: cash and cash equivalents	  	 	106.2	  	  	 	85.1	  	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Net debt	  	$	1,081.4	  	  	$	1,068.0	  	

GREIF, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
GAAP TO NON-GAAP RECONCILIATION
CONSOLIDATED EBITDA 8
UNAUDITED
(Dollars in millions)

 	  	Three months ended
October 31	 	 	Twelve months ended
October 31	 	
	  	2015	 	  	2014	 	 	2015	 	  	2014	 	
					
Net income (loss)	  	$	9.2	  	  	$	(35.5	) 	 	$	67.2	  	  	$	44.9	  	
Plus: interest expense, net	  	 	18.6	  	  	 	20.3	  	 	 	74.8	  	  	 	81.8	  	
Plus: income tax expense	  	 	2.6	  	  	 	50.8	  	 	 	48.4	  	  	 	115.0	  	
Plus: depreciation, depletion and amortization expense	  	 	33.7	  	  	 	38.4	  	 	 	134.6	  	  	 	155.8	  	
Less: equity earnings of unconsolidated affiliates, net of tax	  	 	0.5	  	  	 	1.0	  	 	 	0.8	  	  	 	1.9	  	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
EBITDA	  	$	63.6	  	  	$	73.0	  	 	$	324.2	  	  	$	395.6	  	

Net income (loss)	  	$	9.2	  	  	$	(35.5	) 	 	$	67.2	  	  	$	44.9	  	
Plus: interest expense, net	  	 	18.6	  	  	 	20.3	  	 	 	74.8	  	  	 	81.8	  	
Plus: income tax expense	  	 	2.6	  	  	 	50.8	  	 	 	48.4	  	  	 	115.0	  	
Plus: other expense, net	  	 	2.2	  	  	 	2.9	  	 	 	3.2	  	  	 	9.5	  	
Less: equity earnings of unconsolidated affiliates, net of tax	  	 	0.5	  	  	 	1.0	  	 	 	0.8	  	  	 	1.9	  	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Operating profit	  	 	32.1	  	  	 	37.5	  	 	 	192.8	  	  	 	249.3	  	
Less: other expense, net	  	 	2.2	  	  	 	2.9	  	 	 	3.2	  	  	 	9.5	  	
Plus: depreciation, depletion and amortization expense	  	 	33.7	  	  	 	38.4	  	 	 	134.6	  	  	 	155.8	  	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
EBITDA	  	$	63.6	  	  	$	73.0	  	 	$	324.2	  	  	$	395.6	  	

8  	EBITDA is defined as net income (loss), plus interest expense, net, plus income tax expense, less equity earnings of unconsolidated affiliates, net of tax, plus depreciation, depletion and amortization. As demonstrated in this table, EBITDA can also be calculated with reference to operating profit.	

GREIF, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
GAAP TO NON-GAAP RECONCILIATION
SEGMENT EBITDA 9
UNAUDITED
(Dollars in millions)

 	  	Three months ended	 	 	Twelve months ended	 	
 	  	October 31	 	 	October 31	 	
 	  	2015	 	 	2014	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	  				 				 				 				
Operating profit	  	$	10.9	  	 	$	46.7	  	 	$	86.4	  	 	$	170.1	  	
Less: other expense, net	  	 	0.8	  	 	 	2.8	  	 	 	1.3	  	 	 	6.8	  	
Plus: depreciation and amortization expense	  	 	23.8	  	 	 	27.3	  	 	 	94.0	  	 	 	108.4	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
EBITDA	  	$	33.9	  	 	$	71.2	  	 	$	179.1	  	 	$	271.7	  	
					
Paper Packaging	  				 				 				 				
Operating profit	  	$	32.6	  	 	$	41.4	  	 	$	109.3	  	 	$	125.8	  	
Less: other (income) expense, net	  	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	(0.4	) 	 	 	—  	  	
Plus: depreciation and amortization expense	  	 	7.2	  	 	 	7.2	  	 	 	28.7	  	 	 	29.8	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
EBITDA	  	$	39.8	  	 	$	48.6	  	 	$	138.4	  	 	$	155.6	  	
					
Flexible Products & Services	  				 				 				 				
Operating loss	  	$	(12.8	) 	 	$	(56.2	) 	 	$	(36.6	) 	 	$	(78.6	) 	
Less: other expense, net	  	 	1.4	  	 	 	0.1	  	 	 	2.3	  	 	 	2.7	  	
Plus: depreciation and amortization expense	  	 	2.0	  	 	 	2.6	  	 	 	8.6	  	 	 	13.3	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
EBITDA	  	$	(12.2	) 	 	$	(53.7	) 	 	$	(30.3	) 	 	$	(68.0	) 	
					
Land Management	  				 				 				 				
Operating profit	  	$	1.4	  	 	$	5.6	  	 	$	33.7	  	 	$	32.0	  	
Plus: depreciation, depletion and amortization expense	  	 	0.7	  	 	 	1.3	  	 	 	3.3	  	 	 	4.3	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
EBITDA	  	$	2.1	  	 	$	6.9	  	 	$	37.0	  	 	$	36.3	  	

Consolidated EBITDA	  	$	63.6	  	 	$	73.0	  	 	$	324.2	  	 	$	395.6	  	

9  	EBITDA is defined as net income, plus interest expense, net, plus income tax expense, less equity earnings of unconsolidated affiliates, net of tax, plus depreciation, depletion and amortization. However, because the company does not calculate net income by segment, this table calculates EBITDA by segment with reference to operating profit (loss) by segment, which, as demonstrated in the table of Consolidated EBITDA, is another method to achieve the same result.	

GREIF, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
GAAP TO NON-GAAP RECONCILIATION
FREE CASH FLOW 10
UNAUDITED
(Dollars in millions)

 	  	Three months
ended	 	 	Twelve months
ended	 	
 	  	October 31	 	 	October 31	 	
 	  	2015	 	 	2014	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
					
Net cash provided by operating activities	  	$	132.9	  	 	$	145.0	  	 	$	206.3	  	 	$	261.8	  	
Less: Capital expenditures	  	 	(27.6	) 	 	 	(43.9	) 	 	 	(135.8	) 	 	 	(137.9	) 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Free Cash Flows	  	$	105.3	  	 	$	101.1	  	 	$	70.5	  	 	$	123.9	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
FREE CASH FLOW EXCLUDING THE IMPACT OF VENEZUELA OPERATIONS 11

 	  	Three months
ended	 	 	Twelve months
ended	 	
 	  	October 31	 	 	October 31	 	
 	  	2015	 	 	2014	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
					
Net cash provided by operating activities	  	$	133.1	  	 	$	142.7	  	 	$	202.2	  	 	$	256.9	  	
Less: Capital expenditures	  	 	(27.6	) 	 	 	(43.9	) 	 	 	(121.8	) 	 	 	(137.9	) 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Free Cash Flows	  	$	105.5	  	 	$	98.8	  	 	$	80.4	  	 	$	119.0	  	

10  	Free cash flow is defined as net cash provided by operating activities less capital expenditures.	
11	Free cash flow excluding the impact of Venezuela operations is defined as net cash provided by operating activities, excluding Venezuela’s net cash provided by operating activities, less capital expenditures, excluding Venezuela’s capital expenditures. The information is relevant and presented due to the impact of the devaluation of the Venezuelan currency at the end of the third quarter 2015 from 6.3 bolivars per USD to 199.4 bolivars per USD . The Venezuela capital expenditures of $14.0 million USD reflected above represent the Company’s investment of bolivars in a warehouse as an asset protection strategy in the second quarter of 2015 in order to utilize excess bolivars being generated by the business. The translated value of both the cash provided by operating activities of Venezuela and the building that was purchased does not reflect the true economic impact to the Company because actual conversion of bolivars to U.S. dollars at the official exchange rate used for the first three quarters of 2015 would not have been possible.	

GREIF, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
GEOGRAPHIC DATA
UNAUDITED
(Dollars in millions)

 	  	Three months ended	 	 	Twelve months ended	 	
 	  	October 31	 	 	October 31	 	
 	  	2015	 	 	2014	 	 	2015	 	  	2014	 	
					
Net sales:	  				 				 				  				
North America	  	$	480.9	  	 	$	550.4	  	 	$	1,787.1	  	  	$	2,011.5	  	
Europe, Middle East and Africa	  	 	307.7	  	 	 	379.5	  	 	 	1,287.2	  	  	 	1,596.2	  	
Asia Pacific and Latin America	  	 	79.9	  	 	 	118.2	  	 	 	542.4	  	  	 	631.4	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Total net sales	  	$	868.5	  	 	$	1,048.1	  	 	$	3,616.7	  	  	$	4,239.1	  	

Operating profit (loss):	  				 				 				  				
North America	  	$	40.9	  	 	$	104.9	  	 	$	157.3	  	  	$	257.1	  	
Europe, Middle East and Africa	  	 	(12.3	) 	 	 	(75.3	) 	 	 	26.7	  	  	 	(31.6	) 	
Asia Pacific and Latin America	  	 	3.5	  	 	 	7.9	  	 	 	8.8	  	  	 	23.8	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Total operating profit	  	$	32.1	  	 	$	37.5	  	 	$	192.8	  	  	$	249.3	  	

Notes:	The North America region includes businesses from Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services, Paper Packaging, Flexible Products & Services and Land Management.	
The Europe, Middle East and Africa region includes businesses from Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services and Flexible Products & Services.
The Asia Pacific and Latin America region includes businesses from Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services and Flexible Products & Services. For the twelve months ended October 31, 2015, operating profit for Asia Pacific and Latin America includes a $9.3 million Venezuelan cost of products sold adjustment and a $15.0 million non-cash asset impairment of the Company’s Venezuelan property, plant & equipment discussed in the 2015 third quarter earnings release.

GREIF, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
SPECIAL ITEMS BY SEGMENT
UNAUDITED
(Dollars in millions)

 	  	Three months ended	 	 	Twelve months ended	 	
 	  	October 31	 	 	October 31	 	
 	  	2015	 	 	2014	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	  				 				 				 				
Restructuring charges	  	$	9.2	  	 	$	3.8	  	 	$	29.6	  	 	$	9.6	  	
Acquisition-related costs	  	 	—  	  	 	 	0.4	  	 	 	0.3	  	 	 	1.6	  	
Non-cash asset impairment charges	  	 	22.1	  	 	 	3.9	  	 	 	43.4	  	 	 	11.6	  	
Loss on disposal of properties, plants, equipment and businesses, net	  	 	0.3	  	 	 	1.1	  	 	 	2.7	  	 	 	10.3	  	
Impact of Venezuela devaluation on cost of products sold	  	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	9.3	  	 	 	—  	  	
Impact of Venezuela devaluation on other (income) expense	  	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	(4.9	) 	 	 	—  	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total special Items	  	 	31.6	  	 	 	9.2	  	 	 	80.4	  	 	 	33.1	  	
					
Paper Packaging	  				 				 				 				
Restructuring charges	  	 	1.2	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	2.2	  	 	 	—  	  	
Non-cash asset impairment charges	  	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	0.8	  	 	 	—  	  	
Gain on disposal of properties, plants, equipment and businesses, net	  	 	(0.5	) 	 	 	(4.2	) 	 	 	(0.5	) 	 	 	(5.1	) 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total special Items	  	 	0.7	  	 	 	(4.2	) 	 	 	2.5	  	 	 	(5.1	) 	
					
Flexible Products & Services	  				 				 				 				
Restructuring charges	  	 	2.8	  	 	 	1.8	  	 	 	8.1	  	 	 	6.5	  	
Non-cash asset impairment charges	  	 	1.5	  	 	 	66.3	  	 	 	1.7	  	 	 	74.2	  	
(Gain) loss on disposal of properties, plants, equipment and businesses, net	  	 	3.2	  	 	 	(18.3	) 	 	 	2.7	  	 	 	(19.6	) 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total special Items	  	 	7.5	  	 	 	49.8	  	 	 	12.5	  	 	 	61.1	  	
					
Land Management	  				 				 				 				
Timberland gains	  	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	(24.3	) 	 	 	(17.1	) 	
Restructuring charges	  	 	0.1	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	0.1	  	 	 	—  	  	
Gain on disposal of properties, plants, equipment and businesses, net	  	 	—  	  	 	 	(2.6	) 	 	 	(2.7	) 	 	 	(5.4	) 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total special Items	  	 	0.1	  	 	 	(2.6	) 	 	 	(26.9	) 	 	 	(22.5	) 	

Total special items	  	$	39.9	  	 	$	52.2	  	 	$	68.5	  	 	$	66.6	  	

GREIF, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
GAAP TO NON-GAAP RECONCILIATION
SEGMENT OPERATING PROFIT (LOSS) BEFORE SPECIAL ITEMS 12
UNAUDITED
(Dollars in millions)

 	  	Three months ended	 	 	Twelve months ended	 	
 	  	October 31	 	 	October 31	 	
 	  	2015	 	 	2014	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
					
Operating profit (loss):	  				 				 				 				
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	  	$	10.9	  	 	$	46.7	  	 	$	86.4	  	 	$	170.1	  	
Paper Packaging	  	 	32.6	  	 	 	41.4	  	 	 	109.3	  	 	 	125.8	  	
Flexible Products & Services	  	 	(12.8	) 	 	 	(56.2	) 	 	 	(36.6	) 	 	 	(78.6	) 	
Land Management	  	 	1.4	  	 	 	5.6	  	 	 	33.7	  	 	 	32.0	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total operating profit (loss)	  	 	32.1	  	 	 	37.5	  	 	 	192.8	  	 	 	249.3	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Restructuring charges:	  				 				 				 				
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	  	 	9.2	  	 	 	3.8	  	 	 	29.6	  	 	 	9.6	  	
Paper Packaging	  	 	1.2	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	2.2	  	 	 	—  	  	
Flexible Products & Services	  	 	2.8	  	 	 	1.8	  	 	 	8.1	  	 	 	6.5	  	
Land Management	  	 	0.1	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	0.1	  	 	 	—  	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total restructuring charges	  	 	13.3	  	 	 	5.6	  	 	 	40.0	  	 	 	16.1	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Acquisition-related costs:	  				 				 				 				
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	  	 	—  	  	 	 	0.4	  	 	 	0.3	  	 	 	1.6	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total acquisition-related costs	  	 	—  	  	 	 	0.4	  	 	 	0.3	  	 	 	1.6	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Timberland gains:	  				 				 				 				
Land Management	  	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	(24.3	) 	 	 	(17.1	) 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total timberland gains	  	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	(24.3	) 	 	 	(17.1	) 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Non-cash asset impairment charges:	  				 				 				 				
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	  	 	22.1	  	 	 	3.9	  	 	 	43.4	  	 	 	11.6	  	
Paper Packaging	  	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	0.8	  	 	 	—  	  	
Flexible Products & Services	  	 	1.5	  	 	 	66.3	  	 	 	1.7	  	 	 	74.2	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total non-cash asset impairment charges	  	 	23.6	  	 	 	70.2	  	 	 	45.9	  	 	 	85.8	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
(Gain) loss on disposal of properties, plants, equipment and businesses, net:	  				 				 				 				
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	  	 	0.3	  	 	 	1.1	  	 	 	2.7	  	 	 	10.3	  	
Paper Packaging	  	 	(0.5	) 	 	 	(4.2	) 	 	 	(0.5	) 	 	 	(5.1	) 	
Flexible Products & Services	  	 	3.2	  	 	 	(18.3	) 	 	 	2.7	  	 	 	(19.6	) 	
Land Management	  	 	—  	  	 	 	(2.6	) 	 	 	(2.7	) 	 	 	(5.4	) 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total (gain) loss on disposal of properties, plants, equipment and businesses, net	  	 	3.0	  	 	 	(24.0	) 	 	 	2.2	  	 	 	(19.8	) 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Impact of Venezuela devaluation on cost of products sold:	  				 				 				 				
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	  	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	9.3	  	 	 	—  	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total Impact of Venezuela devaluation on cost of products sold	  	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	9.3	  	 	 	—  	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Operating profit (loss) before special items:	  				 				 				 				
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	  	 	42.5	  	 	 	55.9	  	 	 	171.7	  	 	 	203.2	  	
Paper Packaging	  	 	33.3	  	 	 	37.2	  	 	 	111.8	  	 	 	120.7	  	
Flexible Products & Services	  	 	(5.3	) 	 	 	(6.4	) 	 	 	(24.1	) 	 	 	(17.5	) 	
Land Management	  	 	1.5	  	 	 	3.0	  	 	 	6.8	  	 	 	9.5	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total operating profit (loss) before special items	  	$	72.0	  	 	$	89.7	  	 	$	266.2	  	 	$	315.9	  	

12  	Operating profit (loss) before special items is defined as operating profit (loss) plus restructuring charges plus acquisition-related costs plus non-cash impairment charges less timberland gains less (gain) loss on disposal of properties, plants, equipment and businesses, net plus the impact of Venezuela devaluation on cost of products sold.	

GREIF, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
GAAP TO NON-GAAP RECONCILIATION
SEGMENT EBITDA 13 BEFORE SPECIAL ITEMS 14
UNAUDITED
(Dollars in millions)

 	  	Three months ended	 	 	Twelve months ended	 	
 	  	October 31	 	 	October 31	 	
 	  	2015	 	 	2014	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
					
EBITDA:	  				 				 				 				
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	  	$	33.9	  	 	$	71.2	  	 	$	179.1	  	 	$	271.7	  	
Paper Packaging	  	 	39.8	  	 	 	48.6	  	 	 	138.4	  	 	 	155.6	  	
Flexible Products & Services	  	 	(12.2	) 	 	 	(53.7	) 	 	 	(30.3	) 	 	 	(68.0	) 	
Land Management	  	 	2.1	  	 	 	6.9	  	 	 	37.0	  	 	 	36.3	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total EBITDA	  	 	63.6	  	 	 	73.0	  	 	 	324.2	  	 	 	395.6	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Restructuring charges:	  				 				 				 				
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	  	 	9.2	  	 	 	3.8	  	 	 	29.6	  	 	 	9.6	  	
Paper Packaging	  	 	1.2	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	2.2	  	 	 	—  	  	
Flexible Products & Services	  	 	2.8	  	 	 	1.8	  	 	 	8.1	  	 	 	6.5	  	
Land Management	  	 	0.1	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	0.1	  	 	 	—  	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total restructuring charges	  	 	13.3	  	 	 	5.6	  	 	 	40.0	  	 	 	16.1	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Acquisition-related costs:	  				 				 				 				
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	  	 	—  	  	 	 	0.4	  	 	 	0.3	  	 	 	1.6	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total acquisition-related costs	  	 	—  	  	 	 	0.4	  	 	 	0.3	  	 	 	1.6	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Timberland gains:	  				 				 				 				
Land Management	  	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	(24.3	) 	 	 	(17.1	) 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total timberland gains	  	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	(24.3	) 	 	 	(17.1	) 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Non-cash asset impairment charges:	  				 				 				 				
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	  	 	22.1	  	 	 	3.9	  	 	 	43.4	  	 	 	11.6	  	
Paper Packaging	  	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	0.8	  	 	 	—  	  	
Flexible Products & Services	  	 	1.5	  	 	 	66.3	  	 	 	1.7	  	 	 	74.2	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total non-cash asset impairment charges	  	 	23.6	  	 	 	70.2	  	 	 	45.9	  	 	 	85.8	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
(Gain) loss on disposal of properties, plants, equipment and businesses, net:	  				 				 				 				
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	  	 	0.3	  	 	 	1.1	  	 	 	2.7	  	 	 	10.3	  	
Paper Packaging	  	 	(0.5	) 	 	 	(4.2	) 	 	 	(0.5	) 	 	 	(5.1	) 	
Flexible Products & Services	  	 	3.2	  	 	 	(18.3	) 	 	 	2.7	  	 	 	(19.6	) 	
Land Management	  	 	—  	  	 	 	(2.6	) 	 	 	(2.7	) 	 	 	(5.4	) 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total (gain) loss on disposal of properties, plants, equipment and businesses, net	  	 	3.0	  	 	 	(24.0	) 	 	 	2.2	  	 	 	(19.8	) 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Impact of Venezuela devaluation on cost of products sold:	  				 				 				 				
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	  	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	9.3	  	 	 	—  	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total impact of Venezuela devaluation on cost of products sold	  	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	9.3	  	 	 	—  	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Impact of Venezuela devaluation on other income/expense:	  				 				 				 				
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	  	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	(4.9	) 	 	 	—  	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total impact of Venezuela devaluation on other income/expense	  	 	—  	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	(4.9	) 	 	 	—  	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
EBITDA before special items:	  				 				 				 				
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	  	 	65.5	  	 	 	80.4	  	 	 	259.5	  	 	 	304.8	  	
Paper Packaging	  	 	40.5	  	 	 	44.4	  	 	 	140.9	  	 	 	150.5	  	
Flexible Products & Services	  	 	(4.7	) 	 	 	(3.9	) 	 	 	(17.8	) 	 	 	(6.9	) 	
Land Management	  	 	2.2	  	 	 	4.3	  	 	 	10.1	  	 	 	13.8	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total EBITDA before special items	  	$	103.5	  	 	$	125.2	  	 	$	392.7	  	 	$	462.2	  	

13	EBITDA is defined as net income, plus interest expense, net, plus income tax expense, less equity earnings of unconsolidated affiliates, net of tax, plus depreciation, depletion and amortization. However, because the company does not calculate net income by segment, this table calculates EBITDA by segment with reference to operating profit (loss) by segment, which, as demonstrated in the table of Consolidated EBITDA, is another method to achieve the same result. See the reconciliations in the table of Segment EBITDA.	
14	EBITDA before special items is defined as EBITDA plus restructuring charges plus acquisition-related costs plus non-cash impairment charges less timberland gains less (gain) loss on disposal of properties, plants, equipment and businesses, net plus the impact of Venezuela devaluation on cost of products sold less the impact of Venezuela devaluation on other income/expense.	

GREIF, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
GAAP TO NON-GAAP RECONCILIATION
CLASS A EARNINGS PER SHARE EXCLUDING SPECIAL ITEMS
UNAUDITED
(Dollars in millions, except for per share amounts)

 	  	 	 	 	Class A	 	
Three months ended October 31, 2015	  				 				
Net Income Attributable to Greif, Inc.	  	$	12.4	  	 	$	0.21	 	
Less: Gain (loss) on disposal of properties, plants, equipment and businesses, net	  	 	(1.7	) 	 	 	(0.03	)	
Plus: Restructuring charges	  	 	9.5	  	 	 	0.16	 	
Plus: Non-cash asset impairment charges	  	 	21.1	  	 	 	0.36	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net Income Attributable to Greif, Inc. Excluding Special Items	  	$	44.7	  	 	$	0.76	 	

 	  	 	 	 	Class A	 	
Three months ended October 31, 2014	  				 				
Net Income Attributable to Greif, Inc.	  	$	8.7	  	 	$	0.15	 	
Less: Gain (loss) on disposal of properties, plants, equipment and businesses, net	  	 	14.2	  	 	 	0.25	 	
Plus: Restructuring charges	  	 	4.2	  	 	 	0.07	 	
Plus: Non-cash asset impairment charges	  	 	36.9	  	 	 	0.63	 	
Plus: Acquisition related costs	  	 	0.2	  	 	 	—  	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net Income Attributable to Greif, Inc. Excluding Special Items	  	$	35.8	  	 	$	0.60	 	

 	  	 	 	 	Class A	 	
Twelve months ended October 31, 2015	  				 				
Net Income Attributable to Greif, Inc.	  	$	71.9	  	 	$	1.23	 	
Less: Gain (loss) on disposal of properties, plants, equipment and businesses, net	  	 	2.8	  	 	 	0.05	 	
Less: Timberland Gains	  	 	14.9	  	 	 	0.25	 	
Less: Venezuela devaluation on other income/expense	  	 	4.9	  	 	 	0.08	 	
Plus: Restructuring charges	  	 	28.2	  	 	 	0.48	 	
Plus: Non-cash asset impairment charges	  	 	40.7	  	 	 	0.69	 	
Plus: Acquisition related costs	  	 	0.2	  	 	 	—  	  	
Plus: Venezuela devaluation on cost of goods sold	  	 	9.3	  	 	 	0.16	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net Income Attributable to Greif, Inc. Excluding Special Items	  	$	127.7	  	 	$	2.18	 	

 	  	 	 	 	Class A	 	
Twelve months ended October 31, 2014	  				 				
Net Income Attributable to Greif, Inc.	  	$	91.5	  	 	$	1.56	 	
Less: Gain (loss) on disposal of properties, plants, equipment and businesses, net	  	 	7.3	  	 	 	0.13	 	
Less: Timberland Gains	  	 	10.4	  	 	 	0.18	 	
Plus: Restructuring charges	  	 	11.8	  	 	 	0.20	 	
Plus: Non-cash asset impairment charges	  	 	44.7	  	 	 	0.76	 	
Plus: Acquisition related costs	  	 	1.0	  	 	 	0.02	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net Income Attributable to Greif, Inc. Excluding Special Items	  	$	131.3	  	 	$	2.23	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
* All special items are net of tax and noncontrolling interests

GREIF, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
GAAP TO NON-GAAP RECONCILIATION
SELECTED FINANCIAL INFORMATION EXCLUDING
THE IMPACT OF DIVESTITURES
UNAUDITED
(Dollars in millions)

 	  	Three months ended
October 31	 	 	Twelve months ended
October 31	 	
 	  	2015	 	 	Impact of
Divestitures	 	 	Excluding the
Impact of
Divestitures
2015	 	 	2015	 	 	Impact of
Divestitures	 	 	Excluding the
Impact of
Divestitures
2015 15	 	
Net Sales:	  				 				 				 				 				 				
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	  	$	601.1	  	 	$	—  	  	 	$	601.1	  	 	$	2,586.4	  	 	$	44.5	  	 	$	2,541.9	  	
Paper Packaging	  	 	179.8	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	179.8	  	 	 	676.1	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	676.1	  	
Flexible Products and Services	  	 	73.3	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	73.3	  	 	 	322.6	  	 	 	3.2	  	 	 	319.4	  	
Land Management	  	 	14.3	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	14.3	  	 	 	31.6	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	31.6	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Consolidated	  	$	868.5	  	 	$	—  	  	 	$	868.5	  	 	$	3,616.7	  	 	$	47.7	  	 	$	3,569.0	  	

Gross Profit:	  				 				 				 				 				 				
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	  	$	112.3	  	 	$	—  	  	 	$	112.3	  	 	$	463.4	  	 	$	0.4	  	 	$	463.0	  	
Paper Packaging	  	 	46.5	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	46.5	  	 	 	163.5	  	 	 	(0.1	) 	 	 	163.6	  	
Flexible Products and Services	  	 	6.9	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	6.9	  	 	 	33.8	  	 	 	0.4	  	 	 	33.4	  	
Land Management	  	 	2.3	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	2.3	  	 	 	9.1	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	9.1	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Consolidated	  	$	168.0	  	 	$	—  	  	 	$	168.0	  	 	$	669.8	  	 	$	0.7	  	 	$	669.1	  	

Operating Profit (Loss):	  				 				 				 				 				 				
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	  	$	10.9	  	 	$	(0.5	) 	 	$	11.4	  	 	$	86.4	  	 	$	(5.1	) 	 	$	91.5	  	
Paper Packaging	  	 	32.6	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	32.6	  	 	 	109.3	  	 	 	(0.1	) 	 	 	109.4	  	
Flexible Products and Services	  	 	(12.8	) 	 	 	—  	  	 	 	(12.8	) 	 	 	(36.6	) 	 	 	(0.4	) 	 	 	(36.2	) 	
Land Management	  	 	1.4	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	1.4	  	 	 	33.7	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	33.7	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Consolidated	  	$	32.1	  	 	$	(0.5	) 	 	$	32.6	  	 	$	192.8	  	 	$	(5.6	) 	 	$	198.4	  	

Operating profit (loss) before special items:	  				 				 				 				 				 				
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	  	$	42.5	  	 	$	0.2	  	 	$	42.3	  	 	$	171.7	  	 	$	(3.5	) 	 	$	175.2	  	
Paper Packaging	  	 	33.3	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	33.3	  	 	 	111.8	  	 	 	(0.2	) 	 	 	112.0	  	
Flexible Products and Services	  	 	(5.3	) 	 	 	—  	  	 	 	(5.3	) 	 	 	(24.1	) 	 	 	—  	  	 	 	(24.1	) 	
Land Management	  	 	1.5	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	1.5	  	 	 	6.8	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	6.8	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Consolidated	  	$	72.0	  	 	$	0.2	  	 	$	71.8	  	 	$	266.2	  	 	$	(3.7	) 	 	$	269.9	  	

 	  	2014	 	 	Impact of
Divestitures	 	 	Excluding the
Impact of
Divestitures
2014	 	 	2014	 	 	Impact of
Divestitures	 	 	Excluding the
Impact of
Divestitures
2014	 	
Net Sales:	  				 				 				 				 				 				
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	  	$	752.7	  	 	$	29.3	  	 	$	723.4	  	 	$	3,077.0	  	 	$	167.2	  	 	$	2,909.8	  	
Paper Packaging	  	 	186.6	  	 	 	5.5	  	 	 	181.1	  	 	 	706.8	  	 	 	20.0	  	 	 	686.8	  	
Flexible Products and Services	  	 	100.0	  	 	 	10.7	  	 	 	89.3	  	 	 	425.8	  	 	 	61.4	  	 	 	364.4	  	
Land Management	  	 	8.8	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	8.8	  	 	 	29.5	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	29.5	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Consolidated	  	$	1,048.1	  	 	$	45.5	  	 	$	1,002.6	  	 	$	4,239.1	  	 	$	248.6	  	 	$	3,990.5	  	

Gross Profit:	  				 				 				 				 				 				
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	  	$	136.4	  	 	$	0.8	  	 	$	135.6	  	 	$	553.4	  	 	$	12.8	  	 	$	540.6	  	
Paper Packaging	  	 	51.8	  	 	 	0.9	  	 	 	50.9	  	 	 	182.8	  	 	 	3.1	  	 	 	179.7	  	
Flexible Products and Services	  	 	10.8	  	 	 	2.5	  	 	 	8.3	  	 	 	62.7	  	 	 	12.4	  	 	 	50.3	  	
Land Management	  	 	3.9	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	3.9	  	 	 	12.1	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	12.1	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Consolidated	  	$	202.9	  	 	$	4.2	  	 	$	198.7	  	 	$	811.0	  	 	$	28.3	  	 	$	782.7	  	

Operating Profit (Loss):	  				 				 				 				 				 				
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	  	$	46.7	  	 	$	(5.9	) 	 	$	52.6	  	 	$	170.1	  	 	$	(14.2	) 	 	$	184.3	  	
Paper Packaging	  	 	41.4	  	 	 	4.5	  	 	 	36.9	  	 	 	125.8	  	 	 	5.2	  	 	 	120.6	  	
Flexible Products and Services	  	 	(56.2	) 	 	 	19.3	  	 	 	(75.5	) 	 	 	(78.6	) 	 	 	22.7	  	 	 	(101.3	) 	
Land Management	  	 	5.6	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	5.6	  	 	 	32.0	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	32.0	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Consolidated	  	$	37.5	  	 	$	17.9	  	 	$	19.6	  	 	$	249.3	  	 	$	13.7	  	 	$	235.6	  	

Operating profit (loss) before special items:	  				 				 				 				 				 				
Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services	  	$	55.9	  	 	$	(2.7	) 	 	$	58.6	  	 	$	203.2	  	 	$	(4.9	) 	 	$	208.1	  	
Paper Packaging	  	 	37.2	  	 	 	0.2	  	 	 	37.0	  	 	 	120.7	  	 	 	0.9	  	 	 	119.8	  	
Flexible Products and Services	  	 	(6.4	) 	 	 	1.1	  	 	 	(7.5	) 	 	 	(17.5	) 	 	 	4.4	  	 	 	(21.9	) 	
Land Management	  	 	3.0	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	3.0	  	 	 	9.5	  	 	 	—  	  	 	 	9.5	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Consolidated	  	$	89.7	  	 	$	(1.4	) 	 	$	91.1	  	 	$	315.9	  	 	$	0.4	  	 	$	315.5	  	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Note: The 2014 Acquisitions were completed at the beginning of the fiscal year and are not adjusted because they are fully reflected in both periods.

15  	See table contained herein entitled GAAP to Non-GAAP Reconciliation Segment Operating Profit (Loss) Before Special Items for a reconciliation of each segment’s operating profit (loss) before special items.	

GREIF, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
GAAP TO NON-GAAP RECONCILIATION
NET SALES TO NET SALES EXCLUDING THE IMPACT OF
DIVESTITURES AND CURRENCY TRANSLATION
UNAUDITED
(Dollars in millions)

 	  	Three months ended	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	
	  	October 31	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	
 	  	2015	 	 	2014	 	  	(Decrease) in
Net Sales ($)	 	 	(Decrease) in
Net Sales (%)	 	
Net Sales	  	$	868.5	  	 	$	1,048.1	  	  	$	(179.6	) 	 	 	(17.1	%) 	
Impact of Divestitures	  	 	—  	  	 	 	45.5	  	  				 				
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  				 				
Net Sales excluding the impact of divestitures	  	$	868.5	  	 	$	1,002.6	  	  				 				
Currency Translation	  	 	(113.7	) 	 	 	N/A	  	  				 				
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  				 				
Net Sales excluding the impact of divestitures and currency translation	  	$	982.2	  	 	$	1,002.6	  	  	$	(20.4	) 	 	 	(2.0	%) 	

 	  	Twelve months ended
October 31	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	
 	  	2015	 	 	2014	 	  	(Decrease) in
Net Sales ($)	 	 	(Decrease) in
Net Sales (%)	 	
Net Sales	  	$	3,616.7	  	 	$	4,239.1	  	  	$	(622.4	) 	 	 	(14.7	%) 	
Impact of Divestitures	  	 	47.7	  	 	 	248.6	  	  				 				
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  				 				
Net Sales excluding the impact of divestitures	  	$	3,569.0	  	 	$	3,990.5	  	  				 				
Currency Translation	  	 	(365.6	) 	 	 	N/A	  	  				 				
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  				 				
Net Sales excluding the impact of divestitures and currency translation	  	$	3,934.6	  	 	$	3,990.5	  	  	$	(55.9	) 	 	 	(1.4	%) 	

Exhibit 99.2
Scott Griffin
Welcome! Similar to our previous quarter and consistent with Greif’s ongoing commitment to enhance transparency, we are pleased to provide you with a copy of our conference call slides and management remarks in addition to the 2015 fourth quarter earnings release.
You are encouraged to submit questions today to investors@greif.com for the fourth quarter earnings call to be held on December 11 at 10 am ET. Management will discuss our 2015 fourth quarter results.
I am now on slide 3.
The information provided contains forward-looking statements and uses certain non-GAAP financial measures. Please review the information provided on this slide.
I am now on slide 4.
Today’s agenda includes:
 
 	•	 	Q4 and Full Year 2015 Overview & Transformation Highlights	
 
 	•	 	Business Performance	
 
 	•	 	Financial Results; and,	
 
 	•	 	2016 guidance	
Presenting management’s remarks today are Pete Watson, president and chief executive officer; Larry Hilsheimer, executive vice president and chief financial officer.
We issued our 2015 fourth quarter earnings release before the market opened on Thursday, December 10. The earnings release is posted on our website at, www.greif.com in the Investors section under earnings.
 
1

I will now turn the presentation over to Greif’s CEO, Pete Watson.
Pete Watson – President and Chief Executive Officer
Thank you, Scott.
Before we review our 4 th quarter, results, I would like to make a few comments.
Let me first start with my vision for Greif, it is clear and simple.
In industrial packaging, we aspire to be the highest performing, customer-service company in the world. Central to this vison is providing exceptional value to our customer.
We’ll succeed if we serve the customer and we will fail if we don’t.
I am confident that we will achieve this and I will hold our entire organization accountable to this vision.
I would like to emphasize that we remain fully committed to the transformation process. This is our journey to growth and higher profitability.
I am pleased with the progress being made, but quick to acknowledge that much work remains.
An important driver is the execution of the Greif Business System. This is the process engine for our pursuit of excellence. Our success in Commercial Excellence, Sourcing and Supply Chain, and Operational Excellence will ultimately be measured by our growth, customer service excellence and gross margin improvement.
I am personally involved with the business to achieve excellence in customer service and improve our profitability. I’m also very confident we are on the right path. We reaffirm our transformation commitments that we outlined earlier in the year. Improved earnings, increased cash flow and delivering greater value to our shareholders.
 
2

Please turn to slide 5 where we will talk about 4 th Quarter Results.
We are pleased to report that our Class A earnings per share were higher than a year ago. Net sales were lower than prior year after adjusting for currency translation and divestitures.
This is a result of three things, lower selling prices in certain regions of our steel drum business due to contractual pass through mechanisms as a result of declining steel costs.
Second, Some volume losses as a result of discrete pricing actions taken to improve margins.
Third, Sluggish industrial demand. Finally, we generated $106 million in free cash flow in the quarter.
I am now on slide 6.
In full year 2015 we earned $2.18 per Class A Share, net sales were flat over 2014 and the company generated $80 million in cash excluding the impact of Venezuela
Please turn to slide 7.
Our commitment to the transformation process is strong. We are beginning to see benefits from our actions in our 4 th quarter results.
I would like to highlight two points:
 
 	1.	We have accelerated our SG&A cost reductions ahead of our plan	
 
 	2.	We continue to address underperforming businesses. We have closed 2 loss making operations in our Flexible Packaging business in the 4 th quarter. We also announced the closure of two underperforming businesses in our EMEA Rigid Industrial Packaging segment.	
 
3

I would also like to make a special emphasis about the Greif Business System. This operating process is critical to our transformational success. The new leader of the Greif Business System will report directly to me in my new role as CEO.
I would now like to make some summary comments on our 4 business segments
Our Global Rigid Industrial Packaging business is referenced on slide 8 and 9
In North America, despite sluggish industrial demand, we are starting to see benefits from the Greif Business System initiatives in our gross margin expansion. Let me be clear, we still have much more to do in this business to reach our transformational goals.
In Latin America, we are experiencing significant economic headwinds in Brazil which has negatively impacted our performance in this region. However, we have seen improved operating working capital results from our transformation process in Latin America.
EMEA delivered solid results lead by healthy volume growth in spite of challenging currency effects in this highly diverse region.
Asia Pacific generated solid profits despite the ongoing slowdown of the manufacturing sector in China.
Please turn to slide 10.
Paper Packaging had a solid quarter. Overall volumes were higher than prior year in spite of an out of cycle scheduled maintenance downtime for our Massillon Containerboard Mill.
Our corrugated sheet feeder system, CorrChoice, delivered 9% volume growth in the quarter vs. prior year.
 
4

Please turn to slide 11.
Our Flexible Products business continues to be focused on the turnaround plan. We are slightly behind our timeline, however, SG&A cost reductions were accelerated in the fourth quarter and two underperforming operations were closed in Turkey and Morroco.
And finally on slide 12.
In our land management business, we sold our Canadian land holdings.
That concludes my prepared remarks. I will now turn the balance of the presentation to our CFO – Larry Hilsheimer
Larry Hilsheimer – Chief Financial Officer
Thank you, Pete.
Turning to slide 13.
As Pete indicated, we are pleased by our progress, but acknowledge that more work remains to be done. Our operations executed reasonably well in a challenging industrial economy this past quarter. Operating results were somewhat better than expected overall, with EMEA and APAC performance slightly better, partially offset by slightly worse than forecasted results in Flexible Packaging.
We also benefitted from the execution of tax strategies designed to capture identified tax mitigation opportunities. In addition, we benefitted from geographic mix implications in income recognition for tax purposes and from our periodic re-assessment of potential tax liabilities.
 
5

These combined actions led to a full year reduction in our GAAP tax expense and resulted in a significantly lower than planned effective tax rate in the fourth quarter. This provided approximately $0.20 per share to our Class A earnings on an adjusted basis before special items.
We also benefited significantly from better than anticipated variable SG&A expense management and expect continuing benefits going forward. The combination of our tax strategy and SG&A reduction benefitted Class A earnings per share before special items of $0.76 in the fourth quarter and $2.18 for the year. We are pleased with those results given the challenging global market environment.
We are also encouraged with our progress with respect to the $80M dollars of free cash flow, excluding Venezuela, generated in 2015. This was achieved despite a year with high capital expenditures related to our Paper product investments, cash restructuring costs of roughly $23M dollars and an FX drag of nearly $19M dollars. Keep in mind we also incurred a $20M dollar tax cash payment related to the sale of businesses in the prior year as I’ve mentioned on previous calls.
Please turn to slide 14.
Currency volatility continues to impact our results. A strengthening U.S. Dollar continues to create top line, SG&A ratio, and bottom line challenges. While this is not news to any of you, the magnitude of the challenge has been significant, particularly for companies that are U.S. centric in their SG&A costs as we are. Given our extensive global footprint, you can see on slide 14 the negative impact foreign exchange had on our net sales for the fourth quarter and full year.
Looking forward, we expect these currency challenges to continue in 2016.
 
6

Turning to slide 15.
In addition to the currency matters just discussed, we also anticipate that deflationary pressures will continue to drive our raw material costs lower, which would impact our top line. On an overall basis, U.S. industrial production remains anemic, particularly when excluding the automotive sector, and continues to face pressure from weaker global demand related to the stronger U.S. Dollar.
Europe’s economic recovery remains quite slow. Industrial demand in the Eurozone declined significantly more than expected in September. In addition, China’s manufacturing activity also faces headwinds and recently decreased to its lowest level since 2012.
Turning to our Outlook for Fiscal 2016 on slide 16.
Our company’s results are anticipated to benefit from further implementation of our transformation efforts. We expect to achieve these benefits despite the continuation of a sluggish global industrial economy and continuing strength of the U.S. Dollar.
There are three key drivers that help to explain the difference between 2015 actual and 2016 forecasted results. First, our 2015 results included $0.08 cents from Venezuela which will not be repeated due to the devaluation we undertook in the third quarter of 2015.
Second, the benefits from 2015’s implemented tax strategies will not all carry over into Fiscal 2016. The mix of where we expect income to be earned among our broad geographic footprint will result in a tax expense increase that effectively eliminates the benefit we recorded on earnings per share in 2015.
Finally, currency is projected to create a drag of roughly $0.08 - $0.12 cents per Class A share in 2016.
Taking those drivers into account, we anticipate that our fiscal year 2016 adjusted Class A earnings will be between $2.05 and $2.35 per share. This excludes gains and losses on the sales of businesses, timberland, property, plant and equipment, acquisition costs, and restructuring and impairment charges.
Thank you. With that, I’ll turn it back to Scott Griffin.
 
7

Scott Griffin
Thank you, Larry. At this point we have concluded our remarks regarding the fourth quarter 2015 results.
On Friday, December 11, Pete and Larry will gladly take your questions at 10 am Eastern time during a live Q&A session. You are welcome and encouraged to submit questions in advance to investors@greif.com.
Thank you for listening.
 
8

Exhibit 99.3
Greif, Inc.
Fourth Quarter 2015 Earnings Results Conference Call
December 11, 2015
CORPORATE PARTICIPANTS
Scott Griffin, Vice President Communications
Pete Watson, President and Chief Executive Officer
Larry Hilsheimer, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
CONFERENCE CALL PARTICIPANTS
Ghansham Panjabi, Robert W. Baird
Chris Manuel, Wells Fargo
Justin Bergner, Gabelli & Company
Adam Josephson, KeyBanc
Alex Wong, Bank of America Merrill Lynch
Steve Chercover, D.A. Davidson
Howard Bryerman, PENN Capital
PRESENTATION
Operator:
Greetings and welcome to the Greif Inc. Fourth Quarter 2015 Earnings Conference Call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. A question and answer session will follow the formal presentation. If anyone should require Operator assistance during the teleconference, please press star, zero on your telephone keypad. As a reminder, this conference is being recorded.
It is now my pleasure to turn the conference over to your host, Mr. Scott Griffin, Vice President of Communications. Thank you, you may begin.
Scott Griffin:
Thank you, Rob. Good morning everyone and welcome to the Q&A portion of our 2015 Fourth Quarter Earnings conference call. We posted a slide presentation and recorded remarks by Executive Management yesterday under Conference Calls in the Investors section of our website regarding our 2015 Fourth Quarter Results. We appreciate those of you that took time to submit questions for today’s call. Similar questions have been combined so that we can efficiently address as many topics as possible.
 
1

I am now on Slide 2 of the presentation we posted earlier today. Responding to your written and live questions this morning are Pete Watson, President and CEO, and Larry Hilsheimer, Executive Vice President and CFO.
Before the market opened yesterday, we issued our 2015 fourth quarter earnings results which is posted on our website Greif.com in the Investors section under Conference Calls. Please turn to Slide 3.
This morning’s Q&A session will contain forward-looking statements. Actual results or outcomes may differ materially from those that may be expressed or implied. Please review our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission for more information regarding the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from these projections or expectations.
During this Q&A session, certain non-GAAP financial measures may be discussed, including those that exclude the impacts of acquisition and divestitures, special items such as restructuring charges and impairment charges, and acquisition-related costs. There are reconciliation tables included in our earnings release in the presentation posted on Greif.com yesterday.
The format for today’s call is to first respond to the questions emailed to investors@greif.com regarding our fourth quarter results. We will then move to live questions.
Before I move to Q&A, I want to announce that we plan to host an Investor Day in June of 2016, exactly one year from when we originally introduced the specifics regarding our transformation. You will receive additional information about this event closer to that time.
Now, I’d like to move on to the questions. The first question is for Pete Watson. Pete, a number of undisclosed investors have submitted questions on this topic. Can you provide an update on where the transformation stands?
Pete Watson:
Yes. Thank you, Scott. We believe the underlying performance of the business is improving and it’s aided by the journey of our transformation process. I just want to reiterate we’re deeply committed to the process and are pleased with the progress to date but we have much more work ahead of us, and I remind everybody this is a journey and the progress is not always linear. I’d like to provide a few highlights to date.
First, our SG&A cost initiatives have made a good impact versus prior years. We have accelerated our actions in many areas. We are reshaping our portfolio of businesses. Since we started this process, 14 plants have been closed and 12 businesses have been divested, and this is an ongoing process. We are making progress in our efforts to expand our gross margin in our RIPS business but we still have much more work ahead of us.
Scott Griffin:
Thank you, Pete. Larry, I have a question from Adam Josephson of KeyBanc and Chris Manuel of Wells Fargo. What is your guidance for free cash flow in 2016?
 
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Larry Hilsheimer:
Adam and Chris, thank you for the question. The short answer is that our overall range of expected 2016 free cash flow is to be between $120 and $150 million. I will walk you through the bridge to that number shortly, but let me first address why we believe it is appropriate to assess free cash flow for 2015 excluding Venezuela and also without respect to the approximately $20 million of cash tax payment that related to the sales of businesses in 2014.
With respect to Venezuela, I suspect that most if not all of you are aware that it is extremely difficult to get cash out of Venezuela. That and the increasingly severe geopolitical and economic difficulties facing that country led us to revalue our operations and balance sheet at the end of the third quarter. Earlier in the year, prior to that revaluation, we purchased some in-country assets as part of an asset protection strategy with the accumulated bolivars from successful operations over several years. This was not a capital expenditure in the normal course of our business. Later in the year, those assets along with all other assets on our balance sheet were revalued. Given these facts we believe it is most appropriate to assess our free cash flow without consideration of Venezuela. It also makes it comparable to free cash flow in 2016 and beyond. This adjustment increased our free cash flow from approximately $70 million to $80 million.
With respect to the $20 million cash tax payment, this payment related to the sale of businesses in 2014. We believe the appropriate way to asses our cash flow for 2015 is to increase free cash flow for 2015. We believe this for two reasons. First, the tax relates to the gain on the sale of businesses which we exclude from our definition of free cash flow; therefore, it seems inconsistent to reduce operating cash flow by the tax payment funded by the proceeds of the sale. Second, had we paid it in 2014, which would not have been wise with our cash management, 2015 cash flow would not have been reduced.
With that as the background, let me create the bridge from 2015 free cash flow to the expected cash flow for 2106. Please go to Slide 4 in the deck that we posted to our website this morning.
First, begin with the $80 million from 2015 ex Venezuela cash flow as shown on Page 14 of our earnings release which is also shown on Page 26 of our conference call deck. Next, add back the approximately $20 million of tax payment we just discussed, which will not repeat; that provides a starting point of $100 million. We currently expect the capex will be approximately $12 million to $37 million less this year and the cash restructuring costs will be approximately $10 million to $1 million more than the $23 million we incurred in 2015. That brings us to $102 million to $136 million.
Next, we anticipate operations will generate between $14 million to $32 million in incremental cash flow net of taxes and currency impacts. That should bring you to a range of $116- to $168 million.
Finally, we expect our operating working capital management will result in an impact from $4 million positive to $18 million negative, thus our overall range of free cash flow is expected to be between $120- and $150 million.
One note is that our GAAP restructuring expense was approximately $40 million in 2015 and we currently expect it to be between $15 million and $25 million in 2016.
Scott Griffin:
Thank you, Larry. Pete, the next question is from Adam Josephson of KeyBanc. He asks what your volume assumptions for 2016 are and can you elaborate on them?
Pete Watson:
Sure. Thanks, Adam, for the question. On a macro level, we expect to grow organically equal to the industrial growth rates in all of our key end use markets and let me give you an example of what that is.
 
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So in our Rigid Industrial Packaging business, we have really four key end use markets that we serve and they include chemicals, lubricants, Ag and pharma. In those four key end use markets, the blended industrial growth rate for those on a global basis are between 1.2 and 2.5%. So I’d like to emphasize that there are four more key strategic growth initiatives that are foundational in our plans for 2016. The first are our paper packaging growth initiatives and we have three of them. The Riverville mill modernization includes a full year of growth benefits of our semi-chem medium volume. The second is our North Carolina sheet feeder expansion that will consume a large percentage of the Riverville incremental volume, and third is the addition of a second Asitrade in our Michigan sheet-feeding operation. This will produce litho-laminated corrugated sheets for point of purchase end uses and that project will be operational in January of 2016.
The second strategic growth initiative is our continued expansion of our IBC growth platform EMEA, APAC and North America. We are filling our existing capacities in our plan that have been part of a multi- year RIPS strategy with an eye toward additional opportunities in the future.
The third key strategic initiative is our new steel-drum plant in Saudi Arabia. This operation is a joint venture along with a strategic global customer and we expect that to be operational by June of 2016.
Finally, our expansion of our plastic container business in Southeast Asia that’s supported by several strategic global customers that will be operational in May of 2016.
Scott Griffin:
Thanks, Pete. We’re going to stick with you on volumes. Can you provide additional perspective on RIPS volumes, and specifically, Ketan Mamtora from Bank of Montreal asks, can you provide additional context on why the 4Q North America RIPS volume was down 9%?
Pete Watson:
Sure. Let me start first with EMEA and I’ll walk you around the world and finish up with more details in North America.
So in the EMEA business we were very pleased with our growth of 3.4% in that region. The growth was led by our steel drum and IBC products and most all the regions in EMEA exhibited growth with special highlights in Russia, Benelux and Italy.
In Asia Pacific, our volumes in steel drums were negatively impacted by lower industrial demand in China. We also had two large customers that took maintenance downtime during most of the quarter and we also had discrete pricing actions taken to restore margin which had a negative impact on our volumes. I will comment though that we continue to earn solid growth in our IBC business throughout that region.
In Latin America, our business experienced lower volumes as a result of the deterioration of the Brazil industrial economy that impacted negatively our steel drum business. In that region, our plastic container business which serves the agricultural markets was flat. We did have positive growth in both Argentina and Mexico.
Finally, to comment a little more specifically about our volumes in North America, our volumes did decrease 9.1% versus prior year but I’d like to make a very clear emphasis that our approach is about profitable growth and our volume needs to deliver value, and we have no interest in chasing volume for volume’s sake. So let me walk through the three key factors on what the reduction was a result of.
First, we continue to take discrete pricing actions to restore our margins, which we’re happy that we continue to see gross margin improvement in that business in the last four quarters. As stated earlier in
 
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the year, we made a conscious decision to reduce our steel drum manufacturing capacity by over 20%. These actions eliminated a high cost and loss-making operations and we completed that task. And third, a significant customer took extended downtime during the past four months due to an unforeseen operational issue.
Scott Griffin:
Thanks, Pete. Larry, a question for you. What 2015 adjusted earnings per share should I compare your 2016 adjusted earnings per share guidance to?
Larry Hilsheimer:
Thanks, Scott. Let me refer everyone to Slide 5 in the deck we posted to our website this morning, and I’ll walk you through it. We begin with our 2015 diluted Class A earnings per share attributable to Greif before special items of $2.18. From that we deduct the $0.08 per share that was the portion of earnings per share related to Venezuela in 2015 which will not be repeated due to the devaluation we did at the end of the third quarter of 2015. Next, deduct between $0.12 and $0.08 per share for expected continued strengthening of the US dollar relative to our other impactful currencies. Then, as mentioned in my pre- recorded remarks, we expect less ongoing tax benefit from the discrete tax planning and income geographic mix than in 2015 in the range of $0.12 to $0.16 per share. Finally, we anticipate our improved operating results to provide between $0.19 and $0.49 per share net of tax and non-controlling interests. Therefore, our expected 2016 net range of diluted Class A earnings per share attributable to Greif Inc. before special items is $2.05 to $2.35 per share.
Scott Griffin:
Thank you, Larry. What tax rate – this is a question for you, Larry – what tax rate are you assuming in your full year ’16 guidance and what was the comparable rate from 2015?
Larry Hilsheimer:
Our expected effective tax rate for fiscal 2016 is expected to be in the range of 39 to 41%, depending on the geographic mix of the income recognized. This compares to an effective tax rate in fiscal 2015 of 42.2. The effective tax rate for fiscal 2015 appears higher than what you would anticipate given our final quarter rate. That is because it is the rate after the reduction of GAAP income by special items, some of which produced no GAAP tax benefit because of the valuation allowance required to be provided for the item under generally accepted accounting principles.
Scott Griffin:
Thanks, Larry. Larry, Adam Josephson asks about the impact of excess FX on our assumptions as it relates to guidance. Can you offer some color on this?
Larry Hilsheimer:
Yes, and thank you, Adam, for the question. We expect an operating profit impact of approximately $8- to $12 million for 2016 related to the continued strengthening of the US dollar compared to in 2015. While the product mix, geographic location and profitability within the country and customer demand may vary compared to what we budgeted, this translates to approximately an overall 6% strengthening of the US dollar against our major currency basket. The complexity of our global supply chain and its impact on transaction related currency impacts makes the prediction of currency implications extremely difficult, our forecast is based on a composite of bank analysts and we believe it is a fair representation of anticipated currency changes for our fiscal 2016 year.
 
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Scott Griffin:
Okay. Thanks, Larry. The next question for Larry is we have a question from Adam Josephson of KeyBanc. Can you please touch on the leverage ratio and share what range you range you are comfortable with?
Larry Hilsheimer:
Sure, and thanks for all the questions, Adam. We appreciate it. Our 10/31 covenant debt ratio was approximately 3.2 to 1. While we are comfortable with that ratio currently because we know that it’s driven by high restructuring costs and recorded impairments which we do not anticipate to be recurring as we work toward completion of our transformation initiatives, we remain committed to a target ratio in the range of 2 to 2.5 to 1. Our levels of debt remain significantly lower than they were in 2013 and 2014 across the spectrum of each of those years; we do anticipate our normal cyclical increase in the ratio at the end of the first quarter but we do not have a concern with our ratio, nor does it create any concern with respect to the payment of our dividends. Achievement of our 2016 budget is expected such that we would end 2016 year with a debt ratio of less than 3 to 1.
Scott Griffin:
Thanks you, Larry. Ghansham Panjabi of Baird wrote a short note yesterday and asked for a better view on our normalized SG&A threshold as a percent of sales. Can you add more color here?
Larry Hilsheimer:
Certainly. It’s a good question. Thank you, Ghansham. First, let me state that we were very pleased with our progress in reducing SG&A in 2015. It decreased over $80 million with approximately half of the reduction related to the beneficial side of the currency rate movements. We also reduced SG&A associated with divestitures of approximately $19 million and drove out $21 million of other SG&A costs associated with our headcount reductions, travel and entertainment cost management actions and focused efforts in reducing professional fees and other SG&A costs. These were net of the office setting compensation and benefit cost increases incurred during this year. For 2016, we are expecting additional savings of $26 million to $30 million made up of $21 million to $23 million related to our assumptions on the further strengthening of the US dollar with additional net reductions of $10 million to $14 million which will be offset by anticipated wage and benefit increases of approximately $5 million to $7 million.
In terms of a normalized SG&A as percentage of sales, we remain committed to the transformation targets that we outlined in our Q2 call, subject to the underlying assumptions we made at that time.
Scott Griffin:
Thanks, Larry. Pete, I’m going to move it over to you. We have a question from an undisclosed investor. Can you share additional details regarding your Canadian Timberland sale and what are your sales plans in 2016?
Pete Watson:
Sure. Thank you. I’ll first address the Canadian Timberland sale. So the sale in Canada was a development property. That development would have required significant capital and an extended payback period so we viewed our other uses of capital as more attractive and we made the decision to divest that property.
 
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To comment on those sales plans in our Land Management business, we really have three categories of revenue for that business. The first is timber sales. While timber sales are subject to fluctuations, our plan and goal is to have a consistent balance of harvesting timber to planning based on market and weather conditions. The second category of revenue is land sales and what we’ve always done is taken an opportunistic approach based on market conditions to create the most incremental profit opportunities for our business. And finally, our category of consulting services, this is a smaller but growing sector in our Land Management and we expect to see higher growth in this area.
Just to comment in closing, we have no specific plans to sell any strategic part of our portfolio at this time.
Scott Griffin:
Thank you, Pete. I’m going to go back to you with a question from Adam Josephson. He asks, what trends are you experiencing in paper and do you expect prices to stabilize or the current decline to continue?
Pete Watson:
Thank you, Adam. My comment is really the key market trends in that paper and packaging business are very similar since our third quarter conference call, so what I’d like to do is comment a little bit more on what we are doing and what we are trying to control in our activities in the current space.
As you know, our business is focused on the execution of our growth and cost reduction strategies in the Riverville mill based on that modernization project of our semi-chem meeting machine. We’re starting to see benefits and reduced energy costs of approximately 9%. Our improved product quality and improved productivity are very evident. As you are aware, OCC prices have recently been slowly trending down and that is a major input cost to our mill system.
In our sheet-feeder business, we have expanded the capacity in our CorrChoice sheet-feeder business in North Carolina and have started to realize those benefits. Industry-wide, corrugated shipments during the three months that represent our fiscal fourth quarter were up slightly about 1%. We experienced growth of 9% during that same period as a result of our increased capacity. We continue to grow our specialty products portfolio with a special concentration on our triple wall business, litho-laminated products and coated products.
Also like to reference your last part of the question in regard to pricing. I expect to see a more stable environment in pricing in our fiscal 2016.
Scott Griffin:
Thank you, Pete. Rob, we’re going to move over to live questions, so I’m going to turn it back over to you, please.
Operator:
Thank you. At this time, we’ll be conducting a question and answer session. If you’d like to ask a question, please press star, one on your telephone keypad. A confirmation tone will indicate your line is in the question queue. You may press star, two if you’d like to remove your question from the queue. For participants using speaker equipment, it may be necessary to pick up your handset before pressing the star keys. One moment, please, while we poll for questions.
Our first question Ghansham Panjabi with Robert W. Baird. Please proceed with your question.
 
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Ghansham Panjabi:
Hey guys, good morning and thanks for all the color with the questions. First off, for the current quarter specifically, so I guess your first quarter of fiscal year ’16, what if any impact are you seeing from customer destocking just kind of given the fragile end markets that you’re selling into, particularly chemicals and oil and so on and so forth?
Pete Watson:
Thank you for the question. This is Pete. We typically see in our Rigid Industrial Packaging some destocking in our fourth quarter and we didn’t see anything different than what we have seen typically in the past.
Ghansham Panjabi:
Okay, that’s good to hear. Then in terms of the growth initiatives that you seem to be making a fair amount of progress on, it seems like you have momentum into 2016, but as it relates to the underlying market growth overall for ’16, Pete, how should we think about the various regions on a global basis? And for Greif specifically, any forecasting an increase in total on volumes year-over-year?
Pete Watson:
Yes. So let me first address the regions around the world where we participate, and that’s a great question because there’s certainly some turmoil in a few of those. So Asia Pacific and specifically China, has seen a continued reduction or slowing of the economy. Brazil obviously has probably the most dramatic change with what’s happened in the last several months with their economy, especially in regard to industrial demand. And then you are just seeing general slowness in the economy in industrial manufacturing in EMEA and North America.
But back to your question on growth, and I really commented on it on a question earlier. We expect to grow with industrial demand in the key end use markets we participate in and that will range anywhere from 1 to 3% depending on what part of the world and what end use that is, but I think we’re most excited and happy about the strategic growth initiatives we’re driving, as I mentioned four of those, and we expect to grow in those to carry the majority of our growth into 2016.
Ghansham Panjabi:
Okay. Just one final on from me and maybe for Larry. Larry, how should we think about the benefit in 2015, if any, from low raw material costs net of your passthroughs? I’ll turn it over. Thanks so much.
Larry Hilsheimer:
Yes, so much of whether we receive a benefit or not from the decreasing material cost depends on the pace of change. As you might recall, we ended up having a negative impact earlier this past fiscal year when the cost of steel decreased pretty dramatically on an indexed basis in the US and we ended up with higher cost steel playing through our sales channel. We don’t anticipate significant benefit from the decrease in the cost of raw materials. Most of that gets adjusted in the market pricing mechanisms and then in our contractual passthroughs, so I would not count on a significant benefit to us from the lower raw material pricing.
Ghansham Panjabi:
Okay, thanks so much.
 
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Operator:
Our next question is from Chris Manuel with Wells Fargo. Please proceed with your question.
Chris Manuel:
Good morning gentlemen; a couple of questions for you. Let me start with one for Pete. You’ve been now in the role just a relatively short period of time but can you maybe share with us any thoughts or things that you may want to do differently? I mean we’ve—how you may approach some of the businesses, strategic thoughts on how certain things fit, maybe any changes to the transformation plan. I mean we noticed one that wasn’t—it was kind of subtle where you used to see Greif a safe choice as your kind of corporate model but we saw that’s kind of disappeared and I think in prepared comments you referred to some different things you’d want to focus on as a company, but are there any others that you could kind of talk about and share with us?
Pete Watson:
Sure. Thanks for the question, Chris. So as you say, been just over 30 days in my role, new role in the company and how I’m positioning the company, I’d like to talk about three points of emphasis and I really referenced that in my prepared remarks. It’s a really much more customer-focused company and our vision is to aspire to be the highest performing customer service company in industrial packaging and really have three key strategic priorities around that. The first centers around developing our people into high-performing teams. Second is how do we create value in serving the needs of our customers, and that really relates to your safe choice. That hasn’t changed. Safe choice is a moniker in the value proposition that we bring to our customers and that will not change, but broadly what I want to make sure we do is we are a highly focused company that’s creating value for our customers and serving the needs of our customers and I believe that’s how you organically grow our business and win in the market. Then the last key strategic priority has to do with our transformational performance and just to make it real clear, I’m personally very committed to reaching the targets set in our transformation process. We have a high priority on the execution of the Greif business system and the tangible results and what I’d like to emphasize is I think in our future success the two critical components is how do we strengthen and optimize our portfolio of businesses around the world, which we are in the process of doing, and then last, we need to develop a profitable path to growth and we will develop a strategy that emphasize those going forward, but again, I’d like to make it very, very clear that our entire organization is totally focused on achieving the targets of our transformation and we’re committing to get that done as an organization.
Chris Manuel:
Okay, that’s helpful. Then the second question I had was more specific to the Flexibles business. I’m kind of looking at the path over the past year or so. In 2014, you guys made about $2.1 million; this year, adjusted it looks like you lost about $24 million. I think in part of your transformation presentation, the business, as we got out of ’17, was going to be – I forget the exact number but in the high single digits of a margin. What is kind of the path there? Are you still—at what point—I’m sure you have some sort of range of outcomes embedded into your guidance bridge and such, but, you know, when does that business start to become breakeven in the path forward there? Can you maybe give us a little color as to the cadence?
Pete Watson:
Yes, I sure will. So, the answer to that question really is similar to what we are trying to do on a broader context for our entire portfolio optimization and analyzing our business, so what I’d like to do is talk really quickly about what that process is and how we view our businesses and I’ll talk specifically a little bit about FPS. So—and the answer is the same.
 
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So in a broader context, we have a portfolio analysis and a review process that we are engaged in. It involves how we’re addressing our underperforming business and loss-making operations. So what we do is implement develop—develop and implement improvement plans, we conduct reviews, we have stage- gate milestones to determine our progress and then make decisions going forward. Again, it’s the exact same decision process we use for all of our businesses.
Specifically about FPS in this quarter, we are certainly disappointed in the results. We’re slightly behind schedule. What we said, we’d achieve a breakeven rate for the end of this quarter that we just finished and that was the first stage-gate. I would like to note that while we’re slightly behind, the business is starting to generate positive cash flow and as a breakeven EBITDA basis before special items, which is an improvement. We are encouraged by the team’s commitment and resolve to reach our targets but we absolutely acknowledge that there’s a lot more work ahead of us.
What we—we have a plan, as you know. We’ve talked about it in former calls that we have a three-year plan on a projected path to profitability and the first stage is to get to a profitability basis and stop losing money, and we’re on that path and we’ll continue to aggressively manage the business to get to that point. As we talked about in our portfolio process, we will make observations and decisions along that stage-gate analysis and do everything we can to improve the business.
I’d also like to say that our JV partners are very, very involved with us and collaborating to make this a successful business and that’s the process we’re using to move forward.
Chris Manuel:
That’s helpful but if I can just fine-tune on piece: previously, I do recollect one of the milestones was to kind of breakeven coming out of the quarter and we’re not quite there yet, but is that something that you anticipate this current quarter that you’re in? Your first fiscal quarter? Second? At some point during this year? Kind of what’s—as we can kind of see short-term milestones to see your success in the business.
Pete Watson:
Sure. We expect to be breakeven, run rate out of our first quarter and some reasons why we believe that: so we closed two big loss-making operations in Morocco and Turkey in the first quarter. They are completely closed. We had some runout costs on a one-time event that created some headwinds in our fourth quarter. We also have accelerated our SG&A initiatives so our cost structure is lower. And we’re starting to see benefits in our active efforts into restoring margins by discrete pricing actions and I think you saw that in the—one of our charts. It showed while their volume is down, their margins or their pricing is higher. So those are really three key elements of why we believe at the end of our first quarter we’ll see them reach that stage-gate.
Chris Manuel:
Okay. I have a few more questions but I’ll jump back in the queue.
Larry Hilsheimer:
Thanks, Chris.
 
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Pete Watson:
Thank you.
Operator:
Our next question is from Justin Bergner with Gabelli & Company. Please proceed with your question.
Justin Bergner:
Good morning gentlemen.
Larry Hilsheimer:
Good morning, Justin.
Pete Watson:
Good morning.
Justin Bergner:
A couple of quick questions here. As you look out to 2016, are you expecting operational improvement in each of your segments in 2016 as part of sort of your ’16 EPS guidance and the operational improvement that is part of that bridge?
Pete Watson:
Yes, we are, Justin.
Justin Bergner:
Okay, great. So we should see sort of adjusted segment profit flat or up in each of the segments next year based upon your current view of the world.
Pete Watson:
That’s correct.
Justin Bergner:
Okay, great. Second question: are there more dispositions that we can expect to take place over the course of fiscal ’16 or is that process mostly complete?
Pete Watson:
Yes so we announced in our fourth quarter, EMEA, two plants that we will close, one in Norway and one in the UK, and we have this portfolio optimization process that we continually review our businesses and our aim is to fix them and improve them but as we move forward, based on some of the economic challenges we might see in certain regions, there might be some consolidations. I would not rule that out, Justin.
Larry Hilsheimer:
Yes, and we continue to market a few discrete smaller business units and those kind of things are ongoing.
 
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Justin Bergner:
Thank you. And finally, in addition to the cash restructuring outflows expected in ’16 as part of your cash flow bridge, what sort of number should we be thinking about in terms of restructuring costs and their impact on GAAP EPS?
Larry Hilsheimer:
Yes, we are anticipating between $20 million and $30 million in 2016 at this point, Justin. As part of the portfolio review process that we go through that Pete mentioned, that could potentially change but I don’t anticipate that at this point, but that’s what we’re currently expecting.
Justin Bergner:
Thank you. That’s it for me.
Operator:
Our next question is from Adam Josephson with KeyBanc. Please proceed with your question.
Adam Josephson:
Pete, Larry, good morning. Hope you’re doing well.
Pete Watson:
Good morning, Adam.
Larry Hilsheimer:
Thanks Adam.
Adam Josephson:
One question on your adjusted numbers. Obviously in ’15 your Adjusted EBITDA was 393, unadjusted free cash was 70, so you’ve got less than 20% of your Adjusted EBITDA translating to free cash flow. How relevant do you think your adjusted numbers really are and do you think it’s worth continuing to report adjusted numbers given that yawning gap between EBITDA and free cash flow?
Larry Hilsheimer:
I do believe that the adjusted numbers are relevant on over time, Adam. We obviously do not anticipate ongoing restructuring beyond the next year of any significance, and obviously we are hopeful that we do not incur significant impairments as we have in the past couple of years. So I do believe the adjusted earnings are relevant and meaningful to work through, and will correspond to the increasing performance of our free cash flow.
Adam Josephson:
Okay, thanks. Pete, one on your expectation for container board prices, I think you said that you expect your prices to stabilize this fiscal year. Any particular reason why?
 
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Pete Watson:
Most of—if you look at all the new capacity or additional capacity coming on-stream, it’s more toward the end of calendar year 2016 and because our fiscal year ends in October, I just believe you’ll have a more stable environment. That’s one person’s view, Adam.
Adam Josephson:
Okay. Okay. Back to Larry, just on FX, forgive me if you’ve covered this but what exactly are your FX assumptions for fiscal ’16?
Larry Hilsheimer:
You know, Adam, it’s not real practical to go sort of line by line by currency because of this shift in our supply chain we’ve sort of recognized over time, so what we’ve done is tried to create sort of a composite index about what we’ve balanced into our budget for the year, applying it to our overall business. So, that’s why I said 6% relative to the basket of currencies that we function in.
Adam Josephson:
I mean can you give what the dollar index might have been that you’re comparing—that we should compare your guidance to? I mean we have—do we have any way of tracking FX and comparing it to what you’re assuming as part of your $2.05 to $2.35?
Larry Hilsheimer:
Well, what I’m trying to explain is that if you used one index for rates, our composite rates in 2015, it’s a 6% decrement on an overall basis for the year.
Adam Josephson:
Okay. Just last one for me: the $0.19 to $0.49 of the operational improvement you guided to in ’16, I know you said restructuring will be lower by $20 million. Can you go into what the other specific moving parts are including SG&A expense, volume and whatever else might be in that $0.19 to $0.49?
Larry Hilsheimer:
Yes, so first of all because it’s unadjusted, the restructuring change would not end up impacting that but then let me try to give you a breakdown of the elements on just operating profit, margin and those kind of things. So, say between $15 million and $25 million of operating profit and from an SG&A standpoint, Adam, we’d be looking at a range of somewhere from about 25 to 35.
Adam Josephson:
Twenty-five to 35 what, Larry?
Larry Hilsheimer:
Million.
 
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Adam Josephson:
In addition to the 25…
Larry Hilsheimer:
Yeah. If you go back in the answer that I gave earlier on the SG&A piece, let me go back to that, Adam, just for a second.
Adam Josephson:
Yes, sure.
Larry Hilsheimer:
So, I said earlier an expected savings of $26 million to $30 million on SG&A.
Adam Josephson:
Right, and the rest is—okay. And the rest is?
Larry Hilsheimer:
Gross margin.
Adam Josephson:
And volume? Any volume impact there?
Larry Hilsheimer:
That plays into the gross margin and you go back to Pete’s answer on what we anticipated around the world in terms of volume.
Adam Josephson:
Just to add to that volume question, one more time—I think you’ve addressed it twice—but what exactly is your volume expectation for fiscal ’16? In total.
Pete Watson:
So Chris, because we have such a wide…
Adam Josephson:
Adam.
Pete Watson:
I’m sorry, Adam. Because we have such a wide disparity of products, when you roll up units on global basis, RIPS, it really is not—it’s difficult to gauge, so what we do is look at each region by specific—or each region every specific area. So to roll it up in one number is not practical to how we look at the business
 
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Larry Hilsheimer:
Adam, just for a specific example, you get into water bottles, water bottle volumes can fluctuate immensely and then if you look at our filling business, that goes all over the place.
Pete Watson:
I’m sorry. To give you a directional answer, Adam, on paper packaging, because it’s an easier view, so our units are going to grow—go significantly higher in industry growth rates because of the expansion in our sheet feeder business in North Carolina, and the mill volumes will go up 43,000 tons relative to the expansion at our Riverville media mill.
Adam Josephson:
Thanks. So Larry, just to clarify, so the $0.19 to $0.49 is how much of EBIT? Because I know minority interests can skew things a bit.
Larry Hilsheimer:
Adam, we’ve been not going down a path of EBITDA guidance. I mean—so I gave the ranges from SG&A and the gross profit. I think you can back into the numbers but I don’t have those numbers in front of me.
Adam Josephson:
Okay. Thank you very much. Appreciate it.
Operator:
Our next question is from George Staphos, Bank of America Merrill Lynch. Please proceed with your question.
Alex Wong:
Hi, good morning. It’s actually Alex Wong sitting in for George. Thanks for all the details. First question just on SG&A. Larry, I think you mentioned $10 million to $14 million of expected savings outside of foreign exchange and I think that compares apples to apples to rough 21 in your prior comments in fiscal ’15. So does this suggest maybe a somewhat slowdown in momentum or should we think about that differently? Then, you know, which region or area should we really expect this to be most visible in?
Larry Hilsheimer:
We had accelerated our efforts on SG&A as we discussed in each of our Q2 and Q3 calls, and so we did have a—we accomplished much of our overall objectives in ’15. So when you are seeing the incremental in ’16, yes, it does look like the pace is slowing but obviously there’s also the carryover benefits of the things that we accelerated. In addition, we do anticipate that as we get further along with our implementation of our ERP system, which as we’ve indicated in the past should be fully executed worldwide for us to the levels we’ve previously discussed. In early ’18, we will begin to be able to have more centralization into our shared service center and have additional costs coming out as we approach the timeline of our run rate objectives and our commitments coming out of ’17. So we are still on the path of delivering the SG&A levels of savings that we discussed in our Q2, but yes, there is a slowdown in pace of the incremental SG&A savings in ’16 relative to ’15.
 
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Alex Wong:
Thanks so much for that color. Just a second question: if we dig into RIPS for a second, a couple of moving pieces here. You announced a couple of plant closures in EMEA and I believe you mentioned the start up in Saudi and some discrete pricing actions. So, you know, as we look out into ’16, can you maybe help us frame should we expect a more pronounced pick-up in the second half, or is it more of a—you mentioned that you expect to be flat or up for segment profits, so if you could help us think about the progression of that.
Pete Watson:
Thank you, Alex. This is Pete. So all the initiatives and actions were taken in the transformation process, which you indicated, what we expect to see is incremental improvement in that business quarter to quarter.
Alex Wong:
Understood. Then just lastly, going back to the volumes in North America. You talked about some of the factors. Maybe honing in on the pricing actions and maybe the one-time downtime by a major customer, do you expect that to continue into ’16? How transitory in nature are those factors?
Pete Watson:
So the comment on the customer having an extended downtime, that’s starting to be resolved so that’s a one-time event. I think the large majority of some of the discrete pricing activities have been completed, but what I will tell you, through the transformation process, not only for RIPS but all of our business, that’s going to continue to be part of our DNA where we continue to evaluate our profitability in certain accounts and certain product lines that we will continue to emphasize to ensure that we get the most value for what we’re serving our customers with.
Alex Wong:
Thanks very much. I’ll turn it over.
Operator:
Our next question is from Steve Chercover with D.A. Davidson. Please proceed with your question.
Steve Chercover:
Thank you, good morning. A couple of quick questions. Can you please remind us of your integration level on container board?
Pete Watson:
Yes. Steve, our integration is in the low 80s, 80% range.
Steve Chercover:
And to the extent that you’re buying liner boards since I think you’re more medium—skewed towards medium, are you paying less for virgin liner board?
Pete Watson:
We trade all of our virgin liner board and that’s traded on an index that’s published in pulp and paper.
 
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Steve Chercover:
Okay. Thank you on that. Then it appears that storage is becoming a bit of an issue in the North American oil industry as production exceeds demand. Does that have an impact for you on refined products, or alternatively, if production is ultimately curtailed, is that a negative that would—and how do they balance out?
Pete Watson:
It certainly is and the demand changes in that business has certainly had an impact in our volumes in North America and specifically in the Gulf Coast region.
Steve Chercover:
Okay. One final question from me, which is really a long-term question. So I mean in the last cycle, when I first started covering Greif, you had to effectively re-earn your right to grow and now you’re spending money to shrink, so I’m just wondering, when this is all settled, in the next cycle will you be much more careful when you grow?
Pete Watson:
That’s a great question and you’re exactly right. Like anything you learn from what you did well and learn from what you might not have done well and I think you had a great explanation of what we’ll do going forward.
Steve Chercover:
Okay. Thank you.
Pete Watson:
Thank you.
Operator:
Our next question is from Chris Manuel with Wells Fargo. Please proceed with your question.
Chris Manuel:
Good morning gentlemen. A couple of more final questions. One, I recognize, Pete, this is a difficult question to answer as you sit here today, but, look, two of your biggest customers are two of—I would guess some of your biggest customers are thinking about getting married, so how might you be able to utilize your Greif business tools in such a scenario to come out maybe perhaps winning volume, or how might it impact you, or et cetera? Perhaps you’re doing a lot of work now to rationalize and move the footprint to be closer to your customers, perhaps if your customers end up moving a bunch around as they put their own footprints together, how do you think about all that?
Pete Watson:
You know, that’s a great question, Chris, and we actually—I was on a conference call this morning with our leaders and our global key account sellers about that exact point and it certainly looks like that’s going to happen. I think when they combined I think there’s the chance of those three businesses changing
 
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again. So our focus—and they are two big customers of ours. Our job is to create the most value we can for those and position ourselves that we’re valuable to their packaging needs and I think as we view how that landscape changes we need to position ourselves to continue to be the supplier of choice and be the safe choice and serve their needs like we have in the past and we just have to have more intensity about it going forward. That would be an interesting one to watch.
Chris Manuel:
It will be. I mean as you sit right now I think in the RIPS business you have no disclosed 10% customers. I’m guessing if these two came together they would probably meet that threshold. Even if they end up splitting, I guess maybe not, but if they were just to come as one customer, would it meet that threshold?
Pete Watson:
I don’t believe so, and if—I wouldn’t comment on it anyway if I knew the answer. I apologize.
Chris Manuel:
No problem. A couple of other items. Larry, book versus cash tax rate; obviously it was quite skewed last year given the payment for a previous divestiture or, you know, tax element. Did those get closer to coming together in ’16? Then, longer term, most companies have tax rates that are in the mid to upper 30s, particular—even low 30s given a diverse global mix that most companies have, somewhat similar to yours. So how—you did some tax planning last year. How through time should we anticipate that rate moving?
Larry Hilsheimer:
It’s a good question, Chris, and I do anticipate that those two rates will come closer next year. As we’ve talked, we are not anticipating any impairments. Obviously if you’re anticipating any you would probably be booking them—and the restructuring costs would be down. But the biggest thing that impacts that differential for us is when you have valuation allowances that we have to book for GAAP purposes that basically relate to the unlikely event that you’ll be able to use the losses generated, at least under the GAAP guidance, and so that’s what creates the difference.
To the extent that we are successful with executing on our transformation plans, what will be interesting as that unfolds is that you then end up freeing up those valuation allowances which actually drives down your GAAP tax rate a little bit artificially in the reverse scenario of what we’ve had historically. So we may still end up with an imbalance between those two items but actually one that looks more favorable from an earnings perspective.
Longer term, as you work through those evolutions, then what you’re trying to do is develop tax strategies that allow you to defer taxes. There aren’t very many that allow you to totally avoid them from a permanent different standpoint so the two rates should eventually come much closer together on an ongoing basis. Sorry I—that’s clear, but the short answer to your question is yes, it will get closer for ’16 and go down over time.
Chris Manuel:
I think you gave us a book number for ’16 of—I wrote it down here.
Larry Hilsheimer:
Thirty-nine to 41.
 
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Chris Manuel:
What would you anticipate your cash component would be in there this year?
Larry Hilsheimer:
I really haven’t looked at that, Chris. I’m sorry, I don’t have the answer for you.
Chris Manuel:
All right. I’ll follow back up. Two last relatively quick questions; one more for you, Larry. Within your investing section of cash flows, you had a $44 million—it looks like you financed something for someone within there. Can you maybe give us a little color on what that is?
Larry Hilsheimer:
Yes. We—in our securitization facility in Europe, the way that it’s structured, it allows us to only draw down on a part and/or redeposit cash with them, and so it ended up being treated in the manner that it’s reflected on that because we’re trying to utilize it in a manner to keep our costs of utilization down, particularly when we don’t need the cash in Europe.
Chris Manuel:
All right. So maybe approaching this a little differently, how did this relate with working capital? So is that part of—I’ve got to look back to the model. I don’t remember off the top of my head what the working capital component was for the year but is this related to (inaudible)?
Larry Hilsheimer:
For our operating working capital, Chris, it has no impact. It’s not part of receivables or payables or inventory.
Chris Manuel:
Okay, so it’s a securitization facility but it’s for something different. Okay. Last question is I’m looking at the volume trajectory that you just reported in Asia, down 11 to 12%. I mean we’ve heard of slowing in China; that would seem to imply a pretty significant retrenchment. Maybe could you help us with, Pete, what’s happening there and if that changes or if there’s something temporary in nature or what have you?
Pete Watson:
Yes. No, predominantly that’s a temporary initiative that two of our large customers had extended downtime through most of the quarter. That had the most impact on that. I’d also tell you the economy is certainly slowing in China in the industrial sector which has had some impact on our steel drum business, but in that region, again, we’ve got some good growth in IBC and we’re starting—and we will see some improvement in our plastic drum business there.
Chris Manuel:
Okay. So for ’16 it’s still probably a flat to maybe slightly improving; it’s not a down double-digit type thing?
 
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Pete Watson:
No. That’s correct.
Chris Manuel:
Okay, that’s helpful. I think that that’s all I had. Thank you, gentlemen.
Larry Hilsheimer:
Thank you, Chris.
Pete Watson:
Thank you.
Operator:
Our next question is from Howard Bryerman with Penn Capital. Please proceed with your question.
Howard Bryerman:
Thank you. Just a quick question regarding your balance sheet. Your 6.75 notes of ’17 come due in just about a year. Any thoughts on refinancing and how that may impact your balance sheet and your leverage?
Larry Hilsheimer:
Yes. You’re right. It’s coming due in ’17. We obviously continue to focus on our plans for that. We’ll have no problem at all in replacing the facility. We’ll be analyzing what the most appropriate form of that replacement for us will be and it will not change our balance sheet from a liability standpoint.
Howard Bryerman:
Okay, great. That’s it for me. Thanks.
Scott Griffin:
Okay everyone. I would like to thank Rob for managing the queue. That concludes the presentation. The replay of the question and answer session will be available later today on our website at Greif.com. We appreciate your interest and participation. Thank you.
Operator:
This concludes today’s teleconference. Thank you for your participation. You may disconnect your lines at this time.
 
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